第一篇：英语四级常用短语词汇、写作短语及作文词汇总结
四 级 词 汇 大 全
前言
Rule No.1 不要背书!
大部分人背书都是背了后面忘了前面，正襟危坐几个小时，其实记住的单词没几个，为什么?因为人的瞬时记忆力只能记忆5-7个东西，因此背书没用，那怎么办?就是分组背，记一组，测试一组，再记下一组。Rule No.2 不要用整段时间来背单词
你花几个小时光背单词，记忆效率绝对很低，脑袋都木掉，合上书一个字也想不起来。我高中的时候几届英语牛人就一个背单词方法——小卡片。每天没事就拿出来看一下，坚持不懈，效果绝对好。
Rule No.3 在遗忘临界点复习
有个伟大的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线，非常厉害，只要按照那个曲线在遗忘临界点复习，5次复习就可以终身不忘。我高中用的文曲星就支持这个功能，我坚持用了高三一年，到现在所有单词都记得特别清楚，大学四六级压根没复习，就凭那会的底子一次闯关。Rule No.4 语境记忆
背单词绝对不能没有例句，中文的一个词你可以对他有很多种解释，英文也一样，如果没有例句帮你体会单词用法，光背词意在真正阅读的时候一定会抓瞎。我认识个老外，中国英语教育界的权威，他对我说：中国学生对单词 just recognize, never know.所以一定要有例句。
一、英语四级常用短语汇总
1.校园生活类： 1)大学学习类：
application form
申请表 assignment
作业 instructor
辅导老师
assessment
(对学生的学习情况)评估 course arrangement
课程安排 credit
学分 dean
导师 enrolmentregister for
注册 oral examination
口试
graduate school
研究生院 letter of recommendation
推荐信 participation
出勤 postgraduate
研究生 president
校长
required coursecompulsory course 必修课 optional course
选修课 scoremark
分数
school of Arts and Sciences
文理学院 take an examinationsit an examination 参加考试 undergraduate
本科生
2)大学生活类
cafeteria
自助小餐厅 call slip
索书单 campus
校园
club
学生俱乐部 current account
现金帐户 current issues
本期刊物 back issues
过期刊物 catalogue
目录 deposit money in a bank
存钱
online trading platform
网上交易平台 cost of livingincome maintenance
生活费用 advance with times
与时俱进 A well-paid job
待遇丰厚的工作bid for the Olympic Games
申办奥运会 birth control
计划生育 brain drain
人才外流 dining hall
食堂 dormitory
宿舍 lecture hall
阶梯教室 library card
借书卡 overdue and pay a fine
过期罚款 renew
(借书)续借 shopping mallcentre
购物中心 society
学生社团 student union
学生会 withdrawdraw cash
取钱
2.交通旅游类 1)交通规则类
crash
撞车 amber light
黄灯 cross road
十字路 drive without license
无证驾驶 excessive speed
超速 green light
绿灯 traffic jam
交通拥挤 narrow road
窄路 red light
红灯 parking place
停车场 speed limit
速度限制 traffic light
红绿灯 traffic police
交通警察
traffic regulation
交通规则 zebra stripes
斑马线
2)旅游类词汇
check-in
登记入住
check-out
结帐离开(退房)holiday resort
度假区 one-way ticket
单程机票 place of sightseeing
游览胜地 room service
客房服务 round-trip ticket
来回机票 sightseeing tour
观光旅游 star-rated hotel
星级饭店 tour group
旅游团队 tour guide
导游 travel service
旅行社 vacation tour
度假旅游 tourist attraction
旅游胜地
3.社会热点类
bubble economy
泡沫经济 care for senior citizens
关心老年人 comprehensive national power
综合国力 compulsory education
义务教育 computer crime
电脑犯罪 divorce
离婚 dropout student
失学儿童
economic globalizationeconomic integration 经济全球化 education for all-round development
素质教育 exam-oriented education
应试教育 intellectual property rights
知识产权 juvenile delinquency
青少年犯罪 knowledge-based economy
知识经济 laid-off worker
下岗职工 migrant worker
民工 net friend
网友 net citizen
网民 off line
下线 online love affair
网恋
people orientedpeople foremost
以人为本 pioneering spirit
首创精神 preserve the ecological environment
保护生态环境 prime time
黄金时段 puppy love
早恋
rate of unemployment
失业率 rural population
乡村人口
self-protection awareness
自我保护意识 self-service ticketing
无人售票 shopping online
网上购物 single parent family
单亲家庭 surf the Internet
网上冲浪 sustainable development
可持续发展 team spirit
团队精神 reduce study load
学生减负
university students’ innovative undertaking 大学生创业 virtual net
虚拟网络 win-win situation
双赢局面 chain debts
三角债 assistant president
总裁助理 eliminate illiteracy
扫盲 excusive agency
专卖店 New Human Being
新新人类
二、其他词组
pay increases
加薪 persuade sb to do sth
劝说
pick up
捡起，接送，there is no question that
毫无疑问 range from …to…
范围从…到… resort to
采取…方法，手段 be responsible for
对…负责 have roots in
根源于，原因 in the long run
从长远角度看 see/view/regard/consider as
把…当作，看做… share one’s opinion
同意...的观点 have something to do with
和…有关
have nothing to do with
和…无关 social ties
社会联系
stop/prevent/keep sb from doing sth
阻止…..做…..strive to do
设法，努力 tend to
常常
in terms of
有关于，涉及到… volunteer to do sth
主动，志愿 in the wake of sth
…之后
hold sth to account
与….对证，核实 admit to
许可，允许 appear to
似乎，好像 apply sth to sth
把…适用于…
ask for
要求
assure sb of sth
使某人确信某事
ensure sb to do sth
保证某人做某事 attach importance to = pay/ call attention to 关注，重视 be based on
以…为基础 be bound to
肯定，一定
when it comes to
当谈论到…,涉及到… be concerned with
担心，忧虑 contribute to
促成，造就 be content with
对…满意 cut back
消减
be convinced of/that
相信，认为 cope with=deal with
处理，克服 daily routine
日常生活
devote to
投身于，致力于 have difficulty in doing sth
做….有困难 end up sth with sth
用…结束… be engaged in
参与，从事 elementary school
小学
be equal to
等同于，相当于 expose to
暴露，接触 to some /a extent
从某种角度 far from
一点也不，根本不 fail to
没能做成… at fault
有责任，有错误 federal authority
联邦政府 be filled with
充满
have to
必须得 homeland security
国土安全 be involved in
参与，从事
be judged on
按…评判，判断 lay stress on = focus on 强调，重视
meet one’s needs/standards 满足需要，符合标准 oil drilling= oil tapping= oil exploitation 开采石油
owing to/ due to / because of / thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为oppose to
反对 make a point of
重视
三、按序排列版
A a case in point
恰当的例子 a fraction of
一小部分
a narrow escape
死里逃生，九死一生
a piece of cake
容易的事，小事一桩 a sore throat
嗓子痛
a stone’s throw
一箭之遥，很近a variety of
各种各样的 account for 解释，是……的原因 against one’s will 违背某人的意愿 agree on 就……达成一致 agree with 同意（某人），（食物，气候等）适合某人 ahead of time/schedule 提前 air crash 空难
all the year round 一年到头
another cup of tea/another pair of shoes 另外一回事，另当别论 anything but 决不 apart from 除了 appeal to 吸引 apply for 申请
apple of one’s eye 钟爱之物，宠儿 apt to 有……的倾向 approve of 赞同，认可 as fit as a fiddle 很健康 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a result 由于 as a rule 通常
as usual 跟往常一样 as a whole 总体上
as far as I know 据我所知 as luck would have it 碰巧 at a loss 不知所措
at a discount 低于正常价格 at ease 放松，轻松
at no time 在任何时候都不，决不
at one’s wit’s end 智穷计尽，没有办法 at random 随意的
at short notice 一得到通知马上就…… at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟
at the tip of one’s tongue 话到嘴边，一时想不起 at times 有时，不时地
B back issue/current issue 过刊/现刊 be available 有，可提供 be around 露面
be bound for（车等）开往 be bound to 肯定会
be far from 远不是，根本不是 be fed up with 对……厌倦，讨厌
be fond of 喜欢
be free of 免除，脱离 be no exception 不例外
beat about the bush
不直截了当，绕圈子 behind schedule
（车，飞机等）晚点 beside the point
离题，不中肯
bite off more than one can chew 承担太多的工作而无法完成，好高骛远 born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth 出身富贵 break one’s word
毁约，说话不算数 break down
（车等）出故障 break one’s word
食言，失信 break off
暂停工作 bring up
抚养 by all means
当然，一定 by and large
总的来说，大体上 by chance
偶然，意外地 by nature
天性
by leaps and bounds
极快的，大幅度的 by no means
一点也不，决不
C call it a day
结束，到此为止 call off
取消 call on
访问，拜访 can do with
讲究，能对付 can not help(doing)
禁不住 care for
喜爱
castle in the air
空中楼阁，不切实际的想法 catch on
变得流行，受欢迎 catch up with
追赶，赶上 catch one’s breath
喘口气
check in
办理（入住）登记手续 check out
付账后离开 cheer up
振作起来 chilled to the bone
冻僵了 clothes make the man
人靠衣装 come across
偶然碰见 come down with
病倒 come straight to the point
开门见山 come true
实现
come up to
达到，符合 come up with
提出，想出
concentrate on
集中精力 count on
依靠，指望 cross out
划掉，删去 cut down
削减，删节
D day in and day out
每天，始终 deal with
论述，关于，处理 die away
（声音等）逐渐消逝 dos and don’ts
规则，允许的和不允许的do in Rome as the Romans do 入乡随俗
do sb.good/harm
对某人有好处/坏处 down to earth
实事求是 doze off
打瞌睡 draw near
接近，临近dress up
穿盛装 drop by/in
顺便访问 drop out
辍学，放弃
E easy come, easy go
来的容易去的快 end in
以……为结果 end up
结束
engage in
参加，从事 every other(week)
每隔一（周）express mail
快递
F fall back on
求助于 fall behind
落后 familiar with
熟悉
few and far between
很少，很稀疏 figure out
弄清楚，算出，想出 fill the prescription
按照药方配药 find fault with
挑剔，抱怨 flat tyre
轮胎没气了 for the time being
暂时 for sale
待售 focus on
集中在
for a change
为了换换花样 for a time
暂时，一度 for ages
很久 for free
免费 for good
永久的
for the time being
暂时 free with money
花钱大手大脚 from bad to worse
每况愈下 from time to time
时常
G gain weight
增加体重 get along with
与……相处
get on in years
上了年纪
get out of bed on the wrong side 一早起床就情绪不好 get rid of
摆脱 get somewhere
取得进展
give sb.a cold shoulder
待人冷淡，态度不友好give sb.a lift/ride
让某人搭车 give sb.a ring
给某人打电话 go beyond
超出，胜过
go Dutch
各自负担自己的费用 good for nothing
没用的人或事物 go on a diet
节食 go on strike
罢工 go over
复习go sightseeing
观光 go with
与……相配
H hand in
交上
hand up
挂断（电话）have a word with
和…..谈话 have access to
可以使用 have an appointment with sb 与某人有个约会 have butterflies in one’s stomach 紧张 have one’s hands full
十分繁忙 have a fever/temperature
发烧
have nothing to do with
与……没有关系 have no idea
不知道 have the final say
有决定权 have sth.in common
有共同之处 have sth.done
让别人做某事 head for
前往
hear from
收到某人的信件 hear oneself think
专心思考 heart and soul
全心全意地 heavy traffic
交通拥挤
high time
是该做某事的时候了
hit the ceiling
勃然大怒 hold the line/on
别挂电话 hold up
耽搁
I in a mess
混乱，乱七八糟 in a sense
从某种意义上讲 in addition to
除了 in advance
提前 in case
以防，以免 in debt
负债 in exchange
作为交换 in a good/bad mood
心情好/坏 in honor of
为庆祝/纪念 in low spirits
情绪低落 in memory of
为纪念 in no time
很快 in part
部分的 in particular
尤其，特别 in person
亲自
in season
（蔬菜，水果等）当令 in the dark
不知道，蒙在鼓里 in the long run
从长远来看 in theory
从理论上说 in turn
依次，轮流 in vain
徒劳，白费 interfere with
干涉，影响
it depends
看情况，视……而定 it is sb.’s treat
由某人请客
K keep an eye on
照看，注意，观察 know/learn the ropes
了解，掌握做事情的技能keep body and soul together
生存下去 keep one’s head
保持镇静 keep sb.informed
及时通知某人 keen on
喜好
L lay off
解雇 least of all
最不 let alone
更不用说 lend a hand
帮忙
live from hand to mouth
收入勉强糊口
look forward to
期待 look for a needle in a haystack
大海捞针
look on the bright side
看到事物光明的一面 look out
当心 look through
浏览 lose heart
失去信心 lose one’s head
不知所措 lose one’s temper
发脾气 lose weight
减轻体重
M make a fuss
大惊小怪 make a difference
影响 make a living
谋生
make a reservation
预定（旅馆房间，座位等）make ends meet
使收支相抵 make head or tail of sth
弄懂，看懂 make for
前往 make fun of
取笑，嘲弄 make sense
有意义，讲得通 make sure
确保，弄清楚 make up
弥补，补充 make up one’s mind
下决心 man of letters
文人 mind one’s own business
别管闲事 mistake sb.for sb
把……误当作…… more often than not
多半，大概
N no wonder
难怪 no way
决不
none of one’s business 与某人无关，少管闲事 nothing but
只有 not to mention
更别提
O on account of
由于 on earth
究竟 on duty
值班 on no account
决不 on purpose
故意 on sale
降价出售 on the contrary
相反 on the spot
当场
on vacation
度假，休假 on weekdays
在工作日
one in a million
凤毛麟角，百里挑一 one’s cup of tea
某人的喜好，兴趣，口味 once in a blue moon
很难得，几乎不可能 once in a while
偶尔 other than
而不是 out of breath
上气不接下气 out of control
失去控制 out of date
过时 out of order
出了毛病
out of print
（书）没有重印 out of question
没问题 out of stock
没货 out of the question 不可能
out the cart before the horse 本末倒置，主次颠倒 owe to 归功于 owing to 由于
P pick up（车等）中途搭人 pull over 停在路边 put an end to 结束 put off 推迟
put their heads together 集思广益，群策群力 put through to sb.接通某人的电话 put up with 容忍，忍受
R rain cats and dogs 瓢泼大雨 rain or shine 不论下雨还是天晴 run across 不期而遇，偶然发现 run into 偶然遇见 rather than 而不是
read between the lines 明白言外之意 regardless of 不管
remind sb.of sth 使某人想起 responsible for 对……负责人 result from 由于 ring up 打电话
room and board 食宿
round the corner 即将到来
round the lock 日日夜夜，不分白天黑夜 rule out 排除
run out of 用光
rush hour（交通）高峰时间
S safe and sound 安然无恙(…o’clock)sharp ……点整 Speak highly of sb.高度评价某人 sure thing 当然，没问题
T take advantage of 利用 take charge of 负责，看管 take off 起飞
take one’s place 代替，接替别人 take one’s time 别急，慢慢来 take over 接管
take sth.seriously
认真看待 teach sb.a lesson
教训某人 take turns
轮流 thanks to
多亏了 traffic jam
交通堵塞
throw light on
提供知识，使人们了解too good to be true
好的令人难以置信 turn down
把音量调小，拒绝 turn off
关上（电器开关）turn on
打开（电器开关）turn up
出现，露面 turn over
（车，船等）翻倒 turn a blind eye
视而不见
turn a deaf ear
充耳不闻，置之不理
U under the weather
身体不适 up in the air
未定的 up to date
最新的，现代的 up to sb
由某人决定 used to
过去常常 use up
用光
W
When it comes to
当说到，当涉及到 why not?
为什么不？好！with a grain of salt
有保留的，不全信 without fail
无误，一定
Y You bet!
当然！
You said it!
对！可不是！
四、英语四级听力必备短语
1.bill(1)账单，买单。
I will pay the bill this time because last time you did it.这次我来买单，因为上次是你。(2)提案。
We all passed the bill on yesterday's board meeting.在昨天的董事会上我们全票通过该提案。(3)纸币。
Here's a 10-dollar bill.Give me two tickets for tonight's show please.这是一张10美元的纸币，请给我两张今晚演出的票，谢谢。2.apply
这里我们详细串联一下在听力考试中涉及到的与求职相关的短语。
apply for(申请)，这是工作的第一步;既然要申请，必然需要递交 letter of application(求职信)，只要你足够 confident about yourself，就有可能获得job interview(工作面试)的机会。是否能够 give a good impression(留个好印象)给主管，那就得看你个人造化了。
有些工作岗位会require much traveling，(要求经常出差)还有些工作，做不了多久就会希望find a way out(找到出路)。
正所谓城里城外，各有风光。没工作的人想工作，有工作的人又烦工作。3.as well 也
If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis outside.如果明天温度还是这么高，我们也可能放弃到户外进行比赛的主意。4.as soon as 一……就，尽快
I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.一修好机器我就会尽快为你完成那个工作。5.awfully
非常地，相当地。在口语中用于表程度的比例十分高。
awfully nervous 相当紧张;awfully cold 相当冷;awfully sorry 十分抱歉
Tom looks awfully nervous.汤姆看上去相当紧张。
I am awfully sorry.I didn't mean to hurt you.十分抱歉。我不想伤害你的。6.be bound to 肯定，注定
The movie starts in 5 minutes and there's bound
to bea long line.电影还有5分钟就开始了在那里肯定排着长队。
7.be tired of
厌烦。当一个人感到厌烦的时候，也是最容易lose one's temper(生气)的时候。
I'm tired of movies about romantic stories.我已经彻底厌烦了电影中的浪漫故事。8.be worn out(1)筋疲力尽，这个表达不太正式，多用于口语。
I'm usually worn out at the end of the day.在一天快结束时我时常觉得很累。
(2)破旧不堪。
My soles were worn out after a long time trip.经过长时间的旅行，我的鞋底已经破旧不堪。9.better(1)'d better 最好是
I'd better read one of the articles for the class.我最好还是为上课读篇文章准备一下。
I think you'd better find another partner.我想你最好还是另找一个搭档吧。
(2)make it better 让……更好
I'd rewrite the last two paragraphs to make it better.我已经重写了最后两段以使它更好。
(3)be better 更好些
I told you it would be better for you if you took fewer courses during the first semester.我告诉过你如果你在第一个学期少选一些课程会比较好一些。10.book(1)书。本意，简单名词。
(2)预定，订购。be booked up 被预定空了;booking office 售票处
All the morning flights have been booked up.所有明早的飞机票都预定光了。
11.briefing(1)简介。会议之前，总要有一个项目叫做 Give a briefing.Mrs.Lung's briefing seems to go on forever.朗女士的简报似乎没完没了。
(2)news / press briefing 新闻发布会 12.change(1)改变，更改。这是该词的基本意思，看两个例子回顾一下。
I'd love to see a different type of movie for a change.我想换换口味，看场不同类型的电影。
I'll have to get my ticket changed.我必须得更改我的票。
(2)零钱。这是在口语中经常使用的意思。
Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.这是两张票以及一美元四十美分的找零。
Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the payphone.Jane，你有零钱吗?我想在公用电话亭打个电话。13.check(1)检查。基本意思。check our baggage 检查行李
Could you check for me who borrowed it?
你能帮我查查是谁借走了吗?
Did you check the power plug and press the play button?
你是否检查了电源插头并按了播放键了呢?(2)登机台。check-in counter
Is this the check-in counter for Flight 914 to Los Angeles?
这是飞往洛杉矶的914号航班的登机台吗?(3)询问。check on it 问问看
Maybe I should call to check on it.也许我应该打个电话问问看。
(4)支票。
Sign the check.签这张支票。
14.copy(1)一本，一份。a copy of 口语中经常使用。
I'd like to buy a copy of Professor Franklin's book On American Culture.我想买本富兰克林教授写的关于美国文化的书。
Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article?
你想要份史密斯教授的文章吗?(2)复印。简单动词。
Could you copy this article for me?
你能为我拷贝一下这篇文章吗? 15.count(1)数数。
She is counting the days.她每天都在数着日子。
(2)指望。count on 依赖
We'll have to count on good weather.我们不得不指望一个好天气。16.cover(1)封面。hard cover 精装书，与hard back book同意。另外，每个娱乐杂志的封面都免不了会有一位漂亮时尚的cover figure(封面人物)。
The hard cover is on sale for the same price as the paperback this week in the bookshop.在书店，这些精装本与平装本价格相同。
(2)读完，完成。
I think we've covered everything.我认为我们完成所有事情了。
I just covered a few chapters which interested me most.我只读完了自己最感兴趣的几章。17.crossword puzzle
纵横字谜，一种填字游戏。既可以entertain oneself(自我娱乐)，也是一种不错的智力训练。
This is not a game.It's only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.这不是游戏。这只是可以帮助我提高单词量的一种纵横字谜。18.drama
戏剧。这是一种西方的艺术形式。四级听力中曾经多次出现。其他的艺术形式还有TV play(电视剧)，soap opera(肥皂剧)，concert(音乐会)……
Some people just can't seem to appreciate real-life drama.有些人似乎不愿意欣赏真实生活的戏剧表演。
19.drop(1)拜访。drop by
I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening.我想知道你能否在明晚过来。
(1)载人一程。
I'm going home, but I can drop you at the supermarket.我要回家，但我可以载你到超市。
(2)忘掉，放弃。drop it
We can drop it this time.But don't do it again.这次我们可以算了，但下次不要再犯。
I have to drop it this time.我这次不得不放弃。20.drunk driving
酒后驾驶。在四级听力中出现，一般都是作为traffic accident(交通事故)的主要原因之一。
I think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.我认为这是我们必须重视酒后驾驶的危险性的时候了。21.expect
愿意“期待，期望”。
Nobody expects you to be a superstar.没有人指望你会成为超级明星。
引申意思为“等待，预期”。
The lecture was much more difficult to follow than I had expected.这个演讲比我预期的要难懂多了。
Mr.Smith is expecting you at 3 o'clock.史密斯先生等待着你三点钟到来。22.extremely
使用频率非常高，不亚于very，这个东西extremely expensive。
The speech the blind girl gave this evening was extremely moving.17
今晚那个盲人女孩的演讲非常感人。23.film(1)电影。最常见用语。
(2)胶卷。
ran out of film 胶卷用完;a roll of film 一卷胶卷;develop the film冲洗胶卷，说成wash就完蛋了。
(3)拍摄。
film the river bank 拍摄河岸景致 24.gains and losses
得与失。
Think about the gains and losses before you make the decision.在你做出决定之前，一定要好好想想得与失
25.give(1)give sb a ride 请某人搭便车
Could you give me a ride to school tomorrow?
你明天能载我一程去学校吗?(2)give sb a hand 帮助某人
Can you give me a hand, Mike?
麦克，你能帮我一下吗?(3)give sb a ring 打电话给某人
I need to give Mum a ring and tell her I will not be back for dinner.我要给妈妈打电话告诉她不回去吃晚饭了。26.go(1)go broke 破产;身无分文
(2)go for a ride 乘车外出
My sister wanted to go for a ride around town.我的姐姐想乘车去镇上转一转。
(3)go Dutch 各付各的
(4)go ahead 向前进;继续下去
Go ahead, please.请继续向前进。
(5)go on forever 永远继续下去
Mrs.Lung's briefing seems to go on forever.郎女士的演说似乎没完没了。
(6)go against 不顺心
Oh, yes, but not a thing to go against me.哦，是啊，没有什么不顺心的事情发生在我身上。
(7)go over 复习，温习
I've have to go over my notes for tomorrow's midterm.我不得不为明天的期中考试复习笔记。
五、能加分的英语四级写作词汇
1.认为，主张
argue, maintain, hold, believe
2.考虑
take…sth.into consideration, consider, ponder, meditate, contemplate, think over, reflect on/ upon, meditate on the matter(思考这问题), ponder over
3.下结论，断定
come into conclusion, arrive at the conclusion, draw the conclusion, conclude, decide, assert(宣称)
4.获得
acquire, obtain, attain, reap 5.赢得，取得
earn, gain, procure 6.支持，赞成approve of, in favor of, uphold, stand by one's side, agree with, give one's assent 7.提倡
advocate, recommend 8.反对
opposite, object to
9.抵制
resist 10.意义深远的，重大的far-reaching, profound, significant, eventful(变故多的,重要的)11.重要的，有决定性的vital, crucial, critical, decisive 12.充分运用
optimize, make best use of, make full use of, 13.使用
employ, utilize(vt.)14.应用
apply 15.后来，然后
afterwards, later on, later, after all 16.高兴的，心情好的be in a good mood, happy, cheerful, joyful, Joyous, pleased, delighted 17.当前，目前
nowadays, at present, currently, presently 18.表达
voice, convey, express, deliver, communicate 19.描绘，描述，描写
depict, describe, picture 20.勤奋的，勤勉的 diligent, studious(慎重的), industrious, assiduous 21.认真的，谨慎的 conscientious, cautious 22.冷静的，清醒的so（转载自扬格外语考试网http://waiyu.kaoshibaike.com，请保留此标记。）ber, reasonable, sensible, rational 23.聪明的，有才智的intelligent，bright，wise，brilliant 24.疲惫不堪的exhausted，fatigued，run－down，worn－out，weary 25.适应
be adapted to，be accustomed to，be adjusted to 26.阻碍，阻止
hinder(后面的), curb(路边), hamper, restrain, prevent, ward off, avoid 27.好处，优点
advantage，merit，benefit 28.坏处，缺点
disadvantage, defect, flaw, drawback, deficiency 29.参加
participate in, attend, take part in, go in for, engage in 30.集中精力于
focus on, center on, concentrate on 31.专心于
set one's mind on 32.抽出时间做
set aside, put aside, spare 33.依赖，依靠
rely on, lean on 34.沮丧的，失意的 frustrated, discouraged, depressed, down-hearted, disheartened, low-spirited 35.努力做，尽力做
attempt to, make efforts to, endeavor(尽力)to, manage to do 36.进步，成就，成绩
advancement, achievement, accomplishment, feat, fulfillment，progress(v)37.志气，抱负，渴望
aspiration, ambition, yearning, thirst, long for, aspire after/ aspire to sth./ aspire to do sth.38.禁止
ban, disallow(不接受), prohibit, forbid, ban sth./ ban sb.from doing 39.除……之外
apart from, in addition to, along with 40.开展，实施，做
practice, carry on, conduct, perform, implement(Bring into effect, put in practice.)
第二篇：英语四级写作常用短语
英语四级写作常用短语汇总
a series of 一系列一连串 above all 首先尤其是
*He loves music，and above all classical music．他喜欢音乐，尤其是古典音乐。
*Never waste anything，but above all never waste time．任何东西都不可浪费，尤其不可浪费时间。after all 毕竟究竟
*After all，he is your father．他毕竟是你的父亲。
*Don't get discouraged by setbacks；we are new to the work after all．别因挫折而灰心，这工作对我们来说毕竟还是新的。
*Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had too much homework，but he went after all．虽然鲍勃因有太多的家庭作业而认为不能参加聚会，但他终于还是去了。ahead of 在……之前
*Directly ahead of us is the royal palace.我们正前方就是皇宫.* London is about five hours ahead of New York.伦敦时间比纽约早五小时左右.ahead of time 提前
They finished the work ahead of time.他们提前完成了工作。all at once 突然,同时
*All at once she decided she wasn't going．She didn't explain why．她突然决定不去了，她没有讲明理由。*All at once we heard a shot and the soldier fell to the ground．突然我们听到枪声，接着士兵就倒下去了。*She couldn't tell them more about the accident．Everything just seemed to have happened all at once．她不可能向他们讲述更多的事情，一切都似乎是同时发生的。all but 几乎 除了….都
*The shipwrecked people were rescued all but one．船只失事，遇难者除一人以外全部得救。*He was all but bankrupt and couldn't help us．他几乎破产了，不能帮助我们。*The girl was all but run over by the car．那女孩差点被那辆小汽车压过去。all of a sudden突然
*All of a sudden a man burst out of the building，and made off down the road．突然，一个人从大楼里冲出来，沿着大路逃跑
*All of a sudden the lights went out.突然灯灭了。all over 遍及
*The game is all over.比赛已全部结束。
*I looked all over for my ball pen.我到处寻找我的圆珠笔。all the time 一直，始终
*Conditions are changing all the time.情况在不断地变化着。all the same 仍然照样的 一样的
*It's all the same to me whether he comes or not．他来不来对我都无所谓。*A heavy snow was falling，but we got there in time all the same．当时正下大雪，但我们还是准时到了那里。He's a bit naughty, but I like him all the same.他有点顽皮, 可是我还是喜欢他。as regards 关于至于
*As regards attending the meeting，I haven't decided yet．关于那个会议，我还没有决定是否参加。*He was always secretive as regards his family．关于他的家庭情况，他总是守口如瓶。anything but 决不，根本不
*The task was anything but easy．这工作决不容易。
*Many large cities are anything but beautiful．许多大城市一点也不美。*She will do anything but that．她决不做那件事。as a matter of fact实际上事实上
*As a matter of fact，I have never heard of him． 事实上，我从没有听说过他。*He has，as a matter of fact，no real convictions．他实际上并没有真正的信念。apart from 除……之外
*Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.他除了脸部和双手受伤以外, 两条腿也断了.*Apart from these two books，he has written some plays and film scripts，除了这两本书外，他还写了一些剧本和电影脚本。as a rule 通常照例
*As a rule，he gets up at five o'clock and does morning exercises in the park．他通常5点起床，在公园里做早操。
*When does he come as a rule？通常他什么时候来？
*As a rule, we get up about six o'clock.我们通常六点左右起床。as a result(of)因此由于
*As a result he remained unknown and lived away from his family for more than 20 years．结果，他隐姓埋名，远离家人达20多年。
*He refused to have medical attention in the early stages of his complaint，and as a result he became seriously ill．他在得病初期拒绝接受治疗，结果病情严重恶化。*He was late as a result of the snow.由于大雪他迟到了。as far as….be concerned 就…..而言
As far as we're concerned you can go whenever you want.就我们而言, 你什么时候走都行。
as far as 至于…..，直到……, 到……程度 They walked as far as the lake.他们一直走到湖边。2.尽„;就„
I'll help you as far as I can.as for 至于关于就„而言
*As for that man，he is not qualified for the job at all．至于那人，他干这项工作根本不称职。
*He likes summer，but as for me，I like winter much better．他喜欢夏天，但是对我来说，我则更喜欢冬天。
as follows 如此/下
*The regulations are as follows．规定如下。as if 好像，似乎，仿佛
She treats him as if he were a stranger.她待他如陌生人。
as good as 和------几乎一样 It was as good as new.这几乎像新的一样。
as usual 像平常一样，像往常一样，照例 As usual, she had bread and egg for breakfast.她照例吃面包和鸡蛋作早餐。
*On Sundays he gats(gots)up early as usual．星期天他照常起得很早。
*I would go home，as usual，for Christmas．跟往常一样，我将回家过圣诞节。as to 至于，关于
*As to Jack，I believe he wouldn't have said anything like that．至于杰克，我相信他不会那么说的。
*As to your final grade，that depends on your final examination．至于你的总成绩，那要根据你的期末考试而定。
all right 令人满意的 良好的 正确的
She was ill for a month, but she's all right now.她病了一个月, 但现在好了。Your answer is all right.你的回答正确。
as well 同样，也，还
*I am going to Paris and my brother is going as well．我要到巴黎去，我弟弟也去。* I'm coming to London and my sister's coming as well.我要来伦敦, 我妹妹也会来。as well as 和；同；既……又
*He went to the party as well as his sister．他和他妹妹都出席了晚会。*He was kind as well as sensible．他既懂道理又善良。aside from 除……之外
*Aside from his meagre salary，he has no other resources to fall back on依靠．除了那一点微薄的薪水，他没有别的可靠财源。
*Aside from being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill．除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼以外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。
*It is aside from our present aims to devote too much time to this question．若在这个问题上花费过多的时间，那就偏离了我们当前的目标。at a loss 茫然，不知所措，亏本地
*He was at a loss what to do．他不知所措。
*They sold the goods at a loss.他们亏本出售了货物。at a time 一次，每次
*They learn 30 words and a passage at a time．他们一次学30个单词和一篇短文。*Take three pills at a time.每次服三粒。
at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不
*I don't agree with you at all．我完全不同意你的看法。
*There was nothing to worry about at all．完全没有什么可担心的。at all costs 不惜一切代价
*He will attain his goal at all costs．他将不惜一切代价达到目的。*We will save his life at all costs.我们将不惜任何代价挽救他生命。at all events 不管怎么，无论如何
*At all events I'll go to see her someday．有朝一日，我无论如何会去看她的。
*It may rain tomorrow，but we are going home at all events．明天可能下雨，但无论如何我们还是要回家。at all times 随时，总是
at any rate 无论怎么样，无论如何，至少
*At any rate we'll leave when it stops raining．无论如何，雨停了我们就要动身
*At any rate, the medical supplies will reach you within a week.无论如何, 医疗用品将于一星期内运到你那里。
at best至多充其量
*At best we can do only half as much as last year.我们至多只能做到去年的一半。at first 最初起初
*At first I didn't know what had happened.起先我不知道发生了什么事。at first sight 咋一看，初看起来
*At first sight，the problem seemed insoluble．乍看起来，这问题似乎无法解决。*He fell in love with her at first sight．他对她一见钟情。at hand 在手边，在附近
*The Midautumn Festival is at hand．中秋节快要到了。
*He wished more than ever to have his father at hand．他比任何时候都希望父亲就在他跟前。
*It is very convenient to have a dictionary at hand when reading． 阅读时手头有一本词典是很方便的。*He lives close at hand．他住得很近。at heart 在内心里 本质上实际上
*His manners are cold，but he is at heart a kind man．他的言谈举止有些冷淡，但实际上他心地善良。*She has your interests at heart．她常把你的利益放在心上。*She did not at heart want to do it．她心里并不想做那件事。at home 在家乡 在家内
*He was very famous at home and abroad．他在国内外都很有名。
*Americans abroad are protected by the government like Americans at home．海外的美国人如同在国内一样，受到政府的保护。at intervals 不时不时地 每隔…….*The music came from the building at intervals．音乐声从楼里不时传来。at large 大多数，未被捕获的
*The criminal is still at large．那个罪犯依然逍遥法外。
*The escaped criminal is still at large.逃走的罪犯仍然逍遥法外。at least 至少；起码
*I had not seen him for at least a week．我至少有一周没看见他了。at last 最后，终于
*At last they climbed over the mountain．他们终于翻过了这座大山。*At last they reached Shanghai.他们终于到达了上海。at length 最后，终于
*He succeeded at length．他终于成功了。
*At length there was a step forward in the negotiations．谈判终于有了进展。*He came at length．他终于来了。at most 至多不超过
at no time 从不决不，在任何时候都不 At no time should you give up studying.在任何时候你都不应放弃学习。by accident 偶然
*Columbus discovered America by accident．哥伦布偶然发现了新大陆。*I met her by accident in the street．我在街上偶然碰到了她。at one time 曾经一度同时
*This kind of wine was very popular at one time，but now it is considered too strong．这种酒曾经很受欢迎，但是现在被认为度数太高了。
*At one time we met frequently．曾经有一个时期我们经常会面。at present 目前现在
*At present he is a professor of physics．他现在是物理学教授。*We don't need any more at present．现在我们不再需要什么了。at sb’s disposal 任…….处理 at the cost of 以…..为代价
*He saved the lives of his friends at the cost of his own．他牺牲自己而挽救了朋友的生命。at the mercy of 任凭…..摆布
*She was at the mercy of her cruel husband.她任凭残酷的丈夫摆布。*A sailor is at the mercy of the weather.水手受到天气的摆布。at the moment 此刻目前
*I know the address well enough，but I can't think of it at the moment．我清楚地记得这个地址，可是这会儿怎么也想不起来了。
*I am very busy at the moment.我此刻很忙。at this rate 照此速度，这样的话
*At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday.照这种情形看来, 我们就无法度假了。at times有时间或
*At times I saw her walking alone by the lake．我有时看到她独自在湖边散步。*At times I make mistakes when I speak English．我说英语有时有错。back and forth来回地反复地
*She walked back and forth on the path．她在小径上来回走着。
*The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹来, 树来回轻摆。before long 不久以后，很快
*The book will be published before long．这本书不久就要出版了。*I hope to hear from you before long．我希望不久就能收到你的信。beside the point 离题的不相干的 Beyond question 毫无疑问 By air通过航空途径
By all means 尽一切办法，务必 by and by 不久，迟早
*The boy said he would do his homework by and by．这男孩说他一会儿就做作业。by chance偶然地，意外地
*The apple fell by chance on Bobby's head．苹果碰巧掉在鲍比的头上。*I met Tom by chance yesterday.昨天我偶然遇见汤姆。by far最…..显然地
*He is by far the best student in this class．他显然是这个班里最优秀的学生。*This book is by far the best.这本书显然是最好的。by hand用手的，手工做的，亲自的
*The peasants use tractors to pull the plough and milk their cows by hand．农民用拖拉机耕田，用手挤奶。*The letter should be delivered by hand．此信必须由专人送去。by itself 自动地独自地
*The machine works by itself.机器自行运转。
*The farmhouse stands by itself in the fields.农舍孤零零地坐落在田间。by means of 利用，依靠
*They succeeded by means of perseverance．他们依靠坚持而成功。
*The thief entered the house by means of a ladder．小偷用一个梯子进了房间。*They succeeded by means of perseverance.他们依靠坚忍不拔而获得成功。by mistake 错误地无意地
*I took his book by mistake．我错拿了他的书。
*He put salt into his tea by mistake.他把盐误放进茶里。by no means 决不，并没有
*Our government adheres to the principle that we will by no means be the first to use nuclear weapons．我国政府坚持在任何情况下决不首先使用核武器的原则。
*I am by no means interested in the work．我对这件工作一点也不感兴趣。*He will by no means lend you the money．他决不会把钱借给你的。by oneself 单独地独自地
*She felt very sad and lonely by herself．她独自一人感到忧伤寂寞。*He painted the door by himself．他自己把门漆好了。
*The little boy went out by himself.小男孩独自一人出去了。by reason of 由于,因为
*He escaped punishment by reason of his youth.他因为年轻, 得以免除惩罚。by the way 顺便说说
*By the way，what was she doing when you saw her this morning？顺便问一下，你今天上午看见她时她在干什么？
*By the way，have you seen Harry recently？顺便问一下，你最近见到哈利了吗？
*By the way, do you have any idea where the post office is? 顺便问一下, 你知道邮局在哪儿吗? by virtue of 由于因为凭借
*He rose high in society by virtue of his talent and learning．他因其才华和学识而飞黄腾达。*He was promoted by virtue of his abilities．他凭他的能力而获得了提升。
*They won the day，but only by virtue of hard fighting．他们完全是靠艰苦奋斗才获胜的。by way of 经由，通过……方法
*She went to Canada by way of Shanghai．她经过上海去加拿大。*He said something by way of greeting．他说了几句话表示欢迎。
*I offered her a pair of shoes by way of thanks．我送她一双鞋以表谢意。due to 由于，因为，归功于
*The accident was due to careless driving．这场车祸是粗心驾驶造成的。
*What would you say inflation is mainly due to？你认为通货膨胀的主要原因是什么？ *He arrived late due to the storm．他由于暴风雨而来迟了。*Her absence was due to the storm.由于风雨交加她没来。
*His success was largely due to his hard work．他的成功在很大程度上归功于他的辛勤劳动。each other 互相
even if/though 虽然即使
*I won't mind even if he doesn't come．即使他不来，我也不介意。*I won't lose heart even if I don't succeed．即使是失败，我也不灰心。ever so非常极其
*I like it ever so much．我非常喜欢它。
*She's got ever so many books．她有好多书。*The trees are ever so green.树非常绿。every now and then 时常有时
*I meet him every now and then on the street．我时常在街上碰见他。*She comes to visit us every now and then.她时常来看望我们。every other 每隔一个的
*We have English lessons every other day．我们每隔一天上一次英语课。*I go there every other week．每隔一周我去那儿一趟。*You should write on every other line.你应该隔行写。except for 除了…..外
*Your composition is good，except for some spelling mistakes．你的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。The composition is quite good except for the spelling.这篇文章除了拼写以外, 其他都不错。face to face 面对面地
*They sat face to face with each other without a word．他们面对面坐在一起无话可谈。*They will debate face to face.他们将当面进行辩论。far from 远非远离
*Shanghai is not far from here.上海离这儿不远。
The railway station is far from here．火车站离这里很远。
*The present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made．虽然取得了某些进展，但现在的形势距离称心如意还差得远。
*His explanation was far from satis factory．他的解释一点儿也不令人满意。for ever 永远
*He has decided to give up smoking for ever．他决定永远戒烟。*His name should also live for ever．他的名字亦将永垂不朽。for good 永远地，永久地
*He left the city for good.他永远地离开了那个城市。for the better好转
*The doctor felt that having a few days' rest would be for the better．医生认为休息几天较好。*The world situation is changing for the better．世界形势日趋好转。
*His state of health has changed for the better recently．近来他的健康状况好转了。for the moment 暂时目前
*Stop arguing for the moment.暂停争论。for the present 暂时目前
*They are wearied and have to suspend the work for the present．他们累了，得暂时停止工作。*I'm rather busy for the present．我眼下相当忙。
*For the present we had better wait and see．目前我们最好还是等等再说。*Let's stop doing it for the present.我们暂时停一下工作。for the sake of 为了，为了……的利益
*We must be patient for the sake of peace．为了和平，我们必须有耐心。
*For the sake of settling the matter they agreed to compromise．为了解决这个问题，他们同意妥协。for the time being暂时，目前，眼下
*We really need a new car but for the time being we'll have to continue using the old one ．我们的确需要一部新车，但目前我们还得继续用这部旧车。
*I have no time to spare for the time being．暂时我抽不出时间来。*He is getting better for the time being．眼下他身体好些了。*Let's share the room for the time being.我们暂时合住一个房间吧!from time to time 有时，偶尔
*I see him at the library from time to time．我有时在图书馆见到他。*He called at our home from time to time．他有时到我们家玩。
*From time to time we invite experts to give lectures in our department ．我们经常请专家来我们系讲课。*He went fishing from time to time.他不时去钓鱼。
hand in hand 手拉手地，联合地，密切关系
*They strolled hand in hand in the street．他们携手漫步街头。
*Theory should go hand in hand with practice．理论应当与实践相结合。
*Doctors and nurses work hand in hand to save lives．医生和护士密切合作挽救生命。head on 迎面地，正面地
*The ship struck the rocks head on．那只船迎头撞上了礁石。*The two cars crashed head on．两车迎面撞上。
heart and soul全心全意地，忠心地
soul心灵灵魂精神
*We should serve the people heart and soul．我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。
*When I played the piano，my heart and soul is in it．当我弹钢琴时，我全身心地投入了。*John plays tennis badly，but with heart and soul．约翰网球打得不好，但他打得很认真。*She wants a puppy with all her heart and soul．她极想要一条小狗。
*They were heart and soul against the new rules．他们竭力反对那些新规则。how about……
你认为„怎样(„为名词或动名词)in a hurry 匆忙，急忙
*He was in a hurry to leave．他匆 匆忙忙地离开了。
*The composition was written in a hurry；I have to go over it again.那篇作文是匆匆忙忙写出来的，我得再看一遍。
*Nothing is ever done in a hurry．匆匆忙忙是办不成事的。in case of 假如，万一，如果发生 in a moment 立刻，一会儿
I’ll come in a moment.我马上就出来。
in a sense从某种意义上说；就某种意义来说
*What you say is true in a sense．你所说的在某种意义上是对的。
*In a sense，arithmetic is a language．从某种意义上说，算术是一种语言。in a way 在某种程度上
*Your composition is well done in a way．你的作文在某种程度上写得很成功。
*I like Jane in a way，but she doesn't like me．我在某种程度上喜欢简，但是她不喜欢我。in a word 简言之，总之
in accordance with 与…一致，按照
*This is in accordance with reason．这是合乎情理的。
*His words are not in accordance with common sense．他的话不符合常识。*He did not act in accordance with the orders．他没有遵照命令办事。
*This is done in accordance with the instructions of the principal.这是依照校长指示做的。in addition 另外，加之 in addition to 除…之外(还)*In addition to English，he has to study a second foreign language．除英语外，他还得学门第2外语。*In addition to a large collection of scientific works in Chinese，our library contains many scientific books in foreign languages．我们图书馆除了藏有大批中文科技书籍之外，还有许多外文科技书籍。in advance 预先，事先 *Please pay five yuan in advance.请预付人民币5元。
*She received one month's salary in advance.她预支了一个月的工 资。*He registered for the examination well in advance．他早就报名应试了。
*The factory fulfilled the state production plan one month in advance．这个工厂提前一个月完成国家生 产计划。
in all 总共，合计
*There were in all a hundred persons present.共计有10O人参加。*There are twenty in all．总计20 个。in any case/event 无论如何,不管怎么样
*In any event I'll call you before I make a final decision．不管怎样，我在作出最后决定前会打电话给 你的。
*In any case，you must get here no later than five o'clock，无论如何，你务必5点钟前到达这里。in brief 简而言之，简单地说
*It's a long letter，but in brief，he says“No．” 这是封长信，但简单地 说，他就是“不同意。” *He gave in brief the story of the storm.他扼要地谈了风暴的情况。in charge of 对…..有责任；负责…..;管理……..in common
*We have everything in common.我 们什么都是共用的。*We have a kitchen in common.我们 的厨房是共用的。
in consequence(of)因此，由于，由于…..的原因，由于….的缘故
*In consequence of the deep snow，school will not open today．由于雪很深，学校今天停课。
*In consequence of your bad behaviour I'm forced to dismiss you．由于你行为不轨，我只好解雇你。in debt 欠款，负债
in detail 详细地，详尽地
*There isn't time to explain in detail．没有时间详细阐述。
*The teacher explained the text in detail．老师详细解释了课文。in difficulty 处于困境中 in effect 实际上，事实上
*The two methods are in effect identical．这两种方法实际上是一样的。in general 一般来说，大体上
*In general，your suggestion is good．你的建议总的来说是好的。
*The weather in Florida is warm in general．佛罗里达的天气通常是温暖的。*In general，the bus is here by 9 a．m．通常公共汽车是9点前到达这里。in favor of 支持；赞成…….*Are you in favour of the proposal？你赞成这个建议吗？ *The students were in favour of reform．学生们都赞成改革。
*Everyone in the class voted in favour of the dancing party．班里的每个人都投票赞成开舞会。in front of 在…..的前面；面对…….*A large tree stands in front of his house．他的房前长有一棵大树。in half 分成两半
*The party is likely to split in half．这个党有可能分裂成两派。*The cake was cut in half．饼子被切成了两半。in hand 在手头的，在控制中的 We have the necessary tools in hand.我们手边有各式工具可使用。We have the problem in hand.问题已在我们掌握中。in honor of 为纪念，为庆祝
*We celebrate Mother's Day in honour of our mothers．我们庆祝母亲节是对母亲表示敬意。
*The city dedicated a monument in honour of the general．该市为对这位将军表示敬意建造了一个纪念碑。*A great banquet was held in honour of our distinguished guests．我们为贵宾举行了一次盛大的宴会。in itself 本质上，就其本身而言 in line with 符合，与…..一致
*In line with the customs of the school，the students had a holiday between Christmas and New Year's Day．根据学校的惯例，在圣诞节和新年期间学生放假。
*Students often work in factories in line with the Party's policy of combining education with productive labour．根据党的教育与生产劳动相结合的方针，学生们常常去工厂劳动。in memory of 纪念……
*They are going to erect a monument in memory of the men who laid down their lives in defense of their country．他们将树碑纪念为保卫祖国而献身的人们。
*A monument has been erected in memory of their beloved teacher．为了纪念他们敬爱的老师，他们已经树起了一块纪念碑。in no case 决不
in no time 立即地，很快地
*With a pair of scissors，she can turn out a beautiful design in no time．用一把剪刀，她可以立即剪出一个美丽的花样来。
*Take this medicine，and it will cure you in no time．吃了这种药，你的病马上就会好的。*They finished the work in no time at all．他们立刻完成了这项工作。in no way 决不
*Your plan is in no way different from ours．你们的计划与我们的计划并没有什么不同。*He is in no way superior to me in knowledge．他在知识方面并不比我强。*She is in no way to blame．她完全不应该受责备。in order按顺序，按次序
*Put these words in alphabetical order.把这些字按字母表顺序排列起来.*He put his papers in order before he left the office．离开办公室前，他把文件整理好。in other words 换言之，换句话说 in part 在某种程度上，部分地
*His success is in part owing to luck．他的成功在某种程度上是由于走运。
*It is in part your own fault that you have failed．你的失败有一部分是你自己的过错造成的。in particular 特殊地，特别地
*I remember one of them in particular．我特别记住了他们之中的一位。
*I am interested in stories in general，and in detective stories in particular．我总的来说对小说感兴趣，尤其是对侦探小说感兴趣。
*Are you doing anything in particular tonight？你今晚有什么特别的事要做吗？
*There are so many books here．Why do you like that one in particular？这里有这么多书，你为什么特别喜欢那一本？
in person 亲自，本人
*Will you apply for the position by letter or in person？你申请那个工作是亲自去还是写信去？
*I can't attend the meeting in person，but I'll send someone to speak for me．我不能亲自出席会议，但是我将派人替我发言。
*You had better go and speak to him in person．你最好亲自去跟他谈。in place 在合适的位置 适当的suitable *She likes to have everything in place．她喜欢把什么事都安排得井井有条。*We don't think your suggestion is quite in place．我们认为你的建议不很恰当。in place of 代替取代
in practice 在实践中，实际上
*They have rich experience in practice．他们有丰富的实践经验。
*Your idea sounds good but will it work in practice？你的主意很好，但它能实现吗？ in proportion to 与…..成比例；相称
*Each man's pay will be in proportion to his work．每个人的报酬将与其工作成比例。
*His expenditure(花费，支出)is not in proportion to his income．他的支出与收入不平衡。*The house is tall in proportion to its width．按照宽度来说这房子是很高的。in quantity 大量
in question 正在谈论的/考虑的
*Where is the man in question？ 刚刚谈到的这个人在哪儿？
*Here are the two students in question．这就是我们所谈到的两个学生。*The book in question was published in 1990．该书是1990年出版的。in public 公开地，当众地
*Don't quarrel with each other in public，will you？不要在大庭广众之下吵架，好不好？ *He is nervous in public．他在公开场合很紧张。
*He doesn't like to speak in public．他不愿当众讲话。in regard to 关于，至于，就……而言 in relation to 关于，涉及 in return 作为报答/回报
in return for 作为对……报答 in short 简而言之，总之
*In short，he is a promising young man and has a bright future．总之，他是一个有希望、有前途的青年。*In short，we must be prepared．总之，我们要有所准备。
*In short，finishing the job is not so easy as you may think．总之，完成这工作不是你想象的那么容易。in sight 看得见，出现，在望
*There was not a ship in sight．看不到一只船。
*A ship came in sight from the horizon．天际出现了一条船。*Peace is now in sight．现在和平有望。
*With success in sight they all felt jubilant．成功在望，他们都欢天喜地。in spite of 尽管，不管，虽然有…..*In spite of the bad storm John delivered his papers on time．虽然天下暴雨，约翰仍按时投递报纸。
*In spite of the rainy weather，the streets were full of people on May Day．五一节那天，尽管下雨，街上还是挤满了人。
*He succeeded in the end in spite of the immense difficulties．尽管困难重重，他最终还是成功了。in step 齐步，一致
in tears 流着泪，含着泪
in the course of 在…….期间/过程中 in the distance 在远处
*A small house can be seen in the distance．远处可以看到一幢小房子 in the end 最后，终于
*They reached the top of the mountain in the end．他们最后爬到了山顶。*He succeeded in the end．最后他成功了。in the event of 如果….发生，万一…….in the face of 纵然(纵然：即使)；面对 in the first place 首先
*You cannot go swimming．In the first place，the water is too cold；and in the second place，there is no enough time before dinner．你不能去游泳。第一，水太冷；第二，晚饭前没有足够的时间。*In the first place，students should study hard．首先，学生应该努力读书。in the future 在未来，在将来 in the least 一点(不)，丝毫(不)*Mike was not upset in the least by the storm．暴风雨一点也没有使迈克感到焦虑不安。in(the)light of 鉴于，由于，根据 in the way 妨碍，阻挡
*Fred tried to get to the door，but the table was in the way．弗雷德试图走近大门，可是桌子挡住了去路。*I will visit you on Sunday，if there is nothing in the way．如果没有什么妨碍的话，我将在星期日去拜访你。*They are very busy now，so let's take our leave quickly，otherwise we'll be in the way．他们眼下正忙着，我们还是快走吧，要不就碍事了。in the world 在世界上 in the world/on earth 究竟，到底
*Who in the world is that fellow？那人究竟是谁？
*Where in the world did you find that necklace？你究竟是在哪儿发现这根项链的？
*He didn't understand what on earth the teacher meant．他不能理解老师究竟说了些什么。in time 及时
*We got to the station just in time to catch the train．我们及时赶到火车站乘上火车。
*You can rest assured that we'll finish the work in time．你放心吧，我们一定按时完成任务。*The doctor came in time to save his life．医生及时前来挽救他的生命。in touch 在……附近，联系，接触 in turn 依次，轮流
*Each man in turn got up and spoke．每个人依次站起来发言。*I'll see you all in turn．我将一个一个地去看望你们大家。in vain 徒劳地，无效地
*He passed his life in vain．他虚度了一生。
*All the doctor's efforts were in vain and the man soon died．医生所有的努力都无效，那个人很快就死了。instead of 代替，取代，而不是
*Shall we have fish instead of meat today？我们今天吃鱼不吃肉好吗？ *I will go instead of you．我将代替你去。
*Let's play cards instead of watching television.咱们玩纸牌吧, 别看电视了.* We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.我们有时候吃大米, 不吃土豆.* Instead of Graham, it was Peter who moved in.搬进来的不是格雷厄姆, 而是彼得.just now 眼下，刚才
*Mr．Johnson isn't here just now．Will you please phone back later？约翰逊先生现在不在这儿。你过一会儿回电话好吗？
*He came in just now；he is probably upstairs．他刚才进来过，现在可能在楼上。little by little 渐渐地，逐渐地
*He learned to cook little by little．他慢慢学会了做菜。*He has become rich little by little．他渐渐富裕起来了。
*John hadn't been able to quit smoking suddenly；he had to control his smoking desire little by little．约翰不能立即把烟戒掉，他得慢慢地控制烟瘾。lots of 许多的..., 大量的...many a 许多(的)*Many a student likes to read this magazine．很多学生喜欢读这本杂志。
*Many a day was spent preparing the new textbooks．好多天时间花在编写新的教科书上。more or less 或多或少，多少有点，大约
*The road runs more or less parallel to the Bell Street．这条路基本上是和贝尔大街平行的。
*By September we knew more or less what our income would be for the whole year．到9月份，我们就大概知道了我们全年的收入是多少。
*It's a mile，more or less，from his home to school．从他家到学校大约有一英里远 next door 隔壁，隔壁的
* The manager's office is just next door.经理办公室就在隔壁.*Next door to us there's a couple from the USA.我们隔壁住着来自美国的一对夫妇.no doubt 无疑地
*No doubt I will succeed in the end.我确信我最终会成功。
*No doubt Susan was the smartest girl in her class．无疑苏珊是她班上最聪明的学生。no less than 不少于…..;不亚于…..;与…..一样
*There was no less than thirty dollars in the drawer．抽屉里少说也有30美元。*This boy is no less clever than that one．这个男孩与那个男孩一样聪明。no longer 不再
*He is no longer living here．他已不住在这里了。*Now this great stretch of lowland no longer faces the menace of flood．现在，这一大片洼地已不再受洪水的威胁了。
no more 不再；死去，不复存在
*His voice is heard no more．他的声音再也听不见了。*Time lost will return no more．失去的时间不会再来。
*The barren hills are no more；all around there are fruit trees．荒山不见了，到处都是果树。*The ancient city Troy is no more．古城特洛伊已不存在了。*The great leader is no more．这位伟大的领袖已去世了。no more than 至多，不多于，只有
*There was no more than thirty dollars in the drawer．抽屉里只有30美元。
*She was no more than an ordinary worker but she has invented a lot of new machines．她只不过是一个普通的工人，然而她却发明了许多新机器。none other than 不是别人而正是…….The new arrival is none other than the President.刚来的不是别人正是总统。on one’s guard 警惕，小心
You have to be on your guard in this situation.在这种情况下你要小心。nothing but 只有，只不过
*Nothing but a miracle can save her life.只有奇迹才能挽救她的生命。*It，s nothing but an ordinary watch．这只是块普通的表。
*He had nothing but a cup of tea this morning．他早上只喝了杯茶。now and then 时而，偶尔
*Now and then he goes to a ball game．他偶尔去看看球赛。
*Now and then Larry and his wife go out to dinner at an expensive firstrate restaurant．拉里和他妻子偶尔去豪华饭店吃饭。
*Every now and then she would glance up at the clock．她不时抬头看看钟。off and on 断断续续地
*It rained off and on all day．雨断断续续地下了一整天。
*He wrote to a girl in London off and on for several years．他与伦敦的一位姑娘断断续续地通了几年信。*We don't go to the theatre regularly，just off and on．我们不常去看戏，只是偶尔看看罢了。off duty 下班，下班的
*He is off duty today．他今天不值班。
*It seems that all the taxis in New York are off duty whenever it rains．雨天，纽约所有的出租车似乎都休息了。
*He usually comes off duty at 5 p.m.他通常下午五点下班。on a large/small scale 大规模地/ 小规模地 They are preparing for war on a large scale.他们正在大规模地备战。on account of 因为，由于
*The picnic was held indoors on account of the rain．由于天下雨，野餐在室内进行。
*Flights were delayed two hours on account of the thick fog．由于大雾，班机推迟了两小时。*Bill cannot come to the meeting on account of illness.比尔因病不能到会。on an/the average平均，通常
*On an average Don's mother has to ask him three times before he helps wash dishes．通常唐的母亲叫他3遍他才帮助洗盘子。
*On the average the machine turns out one bottle every two seconds．这台机器平均每两秒钟生产1只瓶子。on behalf of 代表，为了…….的利益
*John accepted the championship award on behalf of the team．约翰代表球队领取冠军奖。
*He rendered many valuable services on behalf of justice and freedom．他为正义和自由做了许多有意义的事情。*They worked hard all their lives on behalf of the poor．他们毕生为穷人的利益而辛劳。on board 在船上、车上
*A ship was leaving the harbor，and we saw the people on board waving．船缓缓地离开港口，我们看见船上的人在挥手。
*Jack wasn't on board the ship when it sailed．启航时，杰克不在船上。on business 为了生意，为了公事
*Are you here on business or for pleasure？你来这儿是有事还是消遣呢？
*The secretary told the visitor that the manager was out on business．秘书告诉来访者说经理出差去了。on condition that 假如，在……条件下
*I will lend you the money on condition that you pay it back in one month．假如你在一个月内能还我钱，我就借给你。
*You can go there on condition that you don't come back late for dinner．你可以去那儿，条件是回来吃饭不能太晚。
on duty 上班，值班
*Don't talk with him． He's on duty now．不要跟他说话，他正在值班。*Policemen are not allowed to smoke while on duty．警察上班时不许吸烟。*I usually go on duty at 8 a.m.我通常上午八点上班。on foot 步行，在进行中
*Sally's bicycle broke and she had to return home on foot．萨莉的自行车坏了，她只好步行回家。*It is a new scheme on foot.这是项正在实行的新计划。on guard 警惕，警戒
*The police warned people to be on guard for pickpockets during the Christmas rush．警察警告人们在圣诞购物高潮时谨防小偷。
*Be always on guard against complacency．要时时警惕自满情绪。on hand 在场，在手头
There weren't enough snacks on hand for the party.现有宴会的点心不够用。
We have plenty of money on hand to pay for the snacks.我们手边有很多钱可以买零嘴。
We have nobody on hand to repair your car.我们现在没有人能修你的车。on occasion(s)有时，偶尔
*I meet him on occasion at the club or in the theatre．我在俱乐部或戏院里有时能遇到他。*On occasion we feel like celebrating and have a party．我们有时喜欢来个聚会庆贺一番。on one’s own 独立，独自
*You are allowed to drive a car on your own．允许你独自开车。*I'm all on my own today．今天只是我一个人。
*Why are you sitting all on your own？你为什么独自一个人坐在那里？ on purpose 故意地，有目的地
*Jimmy hit his little brother in the eye，but he didn't do it on purpose．杰米打了他弟弟的眼睛，但他不是故意的。
*She did not forget her coat； she left it in the locker on purpose．她并未忘记要带外衣，她是故意放在锁柜里的。
*She broke the dish on purpose just to show her anger．她故意打破那个盘子以发泄她的愤怒。on sale 出售的，廉价出售的
*These shoes are very cheap，as they are on sale．这些鞋子非常便宜，正在削价出售。
*The bookstore is to close down，and many books are on sale as waste paper．书店要关闭，所以许多书象废纸一样在廉价出售。
on schedule 按时间表，准时
*If my train is on schedule，I will be home by nine o'clock．若火车准点，我9点以前可以到家。*The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。on second thoughts 进一步考虑后，经重新考虑后
*On second thoughts they decided to leave London．经仔细考虑，他们决定离开伦敦。on the contrary 相反地，正相反
*He is not selfish；on the contrary，he is very noble and generous．他并不自私，恰恰相反，他是一个非常高尚而又慷慨的人。
*The teacher thought that the children went to the zoo； on the contrary，they went to the bakery． 老师以为孩子们去了动物园，恰恰相反，他们却去了面包房。on the ground of 根据，以……为理由
*On the ground of sufficient evidence he charged the young man with murder．他以充分的证据指控那个年轻人犯有谋杀罪。
*He has expressed his desire to retire on the ground of failing health．他以体力不支为由表示希望退休。on(the)one hand 在一方面 on the other hand 另一方面
on the point of 正要……的时候，正要……，在…..之际
*The baby was on the point of crying when her mother came home．婴儿正要哭时，这时妈妈回家了。
*We were on the point of calling you when your telegram arrived．我们正要给你打电话时，你的电报来了。on the road 在旅途中
*My letter will soon reach him； it is on the road．我的信正在路上，他很快就能收到。
*Jane was very sick for several weeks，but now she is on the road to recovery．简前几个星期病得很厉害，现在正在恢复中。
*Conscientious study put the student on the road to success．勤奋学习使那学生即将获得成功。on the side 此外，额外
*His job at the hospital did not pay much，so he found another on the side．他在医院工作的报酬不多，所以他另外找了一份兼职。
*If we get good profits from the farm, maybe we could start a little business on the side.要是农场的赢利多, 也许我们还可以另外做一些生意。on the spot 在场
*The police were on the spot within a few minutes of hearing about the crime．警察在接到犯罪消息的几分钟内就赶到了现场。
*The news of important events is often broadcast on the spot over television．重要事件的新闻总是通过电视立即广播。
on the whole 一般来说，大体上
*On the whole，children begin walking when they are about one year old．一般来说，小孩1岁左右开始走路。
*On the whole，men are stronger than women．一般来说，男人比女人强壮。
*On the whole our stay there was quite enjoyable．总的说来，我们待在那里是很开心的。on time 准时
*They forecast the weather accurately and on time．他们预报天气既精确又准时。
*If the train is on time，I should reach home before dark．如果火车不误点，我应该在天黑前到家。once again 再一次
once(and)for all 永远地，最后一次地 John's back home once and for all.约翰回到家, 再也不走了。once in a while 有时，偶尔
*We go for a picnic in the park once in a while．我们有时去公园里野餐。*Once in a while the puppy would run away．小狗有时也会溜出去。once more 再一次
*He asked the question once more．他再次提出这个问题。*He said he would try once more．他说他将再试一次。once upon a time 从前
*Once upon a time there dwelt a fisherman on the lakeside．从前湖边住着一个渔民。*Once upon a time there lived a king who had an ugly daughter．从前有一位国王，他有一个丑陋的女儿。one another 相互，彼此
*They gave presents to one another at Christmas．圣诞节他们互赠礼品。
*We help one another with the extra work in the summer.我们互相帮助做夏季的额外工作.or else 否则，要不然
*Do what I tell you，or else you'll be sorry．照我的话做，否则你要后悔的。*Hurry up or else you'll be late.快点, 否则你要迟到了。
*They told me to leave at once, or else.他们要我马上离开, 否则(对我不利)。*You will stay away from my girlfriend, or else.离我女朋友远点, 否则要你好看。or so 大约
*I'll return in a week or so．我大约一星期后回来。
*There will be thirty or so people at the party．约有30人左右参加聚会。other than 除了
*He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.他除了向我要东西, 从不跟我说话.* She has no close friends other than him.她除了他以外没有好朋友.*He has visited every country in Asia other than Japan．除了日本以外，他访问了所有的亚洲国家。out of 从……中
*Choose one out of these paintings．从这些画中选一幅。
*He picked the girl out of the crowd．他从人群中把这女孩挑了出来。out of breath 喘不过气来
I'm out of breath after running up the stairs.奔上楼梯我气喘吁吁。out of control 失去控制
The plane got out of control and crashed into the sea.飞机失控, 坠入大海。out of date 陈旧的，过时的
*The furniture is out of date．这家俱过时了。*Your methods have long gone out of date；you will have to modernize or risk failure．你的这些方法早已陈旧，你应当用现代化的方法，否则有失败的危险。
*He was out of favor in Paris and went to London．他在巴黎不受欢迎就到伦敦去了。*Your idea has gone out of date.你的观念已经过时了。out of doors 在户外
It's cold out of doors.外面很冷。out of order 次序混乱的，出故障的
*The room was out of order．整个房间乱七八糟。
*I checked the papers that were to be printed and noticed that one or two were out of order．我检查要印的文件，发现有一两处次序混乱。
out of place 位置不对的，不适当的
*Your books are out of place．你的书放错了位置。
*It was out of place for Russsell to laugh at the old lady．拉赛尔取笑这位老太是不对的。*His remarks were a bit out of place.他的话有点不恰当。
out of practice 久而不练的，荒疏的
She has been out of practice on the piano for a whole year.她已整整一年没有练钢琴了。out of sight 看不见的，在视野外的，十全十美的，好极的 *The plane was soon out of sight．飞机很快就看不见了。
*That birthday gift was really out of sight.那件生日礼物实在是太棒了。*His new sports car is really out of sight.他的新跑车实在太棒了。out of sight and out of mind 眼不见，心不烦 out of the question 不可能的
*To get there before seven is out of the question．7点以前赶到那儿是不可能的。*What you say is out of the question．你说的那事是办不到的。
*An expensive holiday abroad was out of the question on his salary．按他的工资水平，要花很多钱去国外度假是不可能的。
out of touch 不联系，不接触
*Fred has got out of touch with people in his hometown．弗雷德与他家乡人失去了联系。over and over(again)一再地，再三地
*I've warned you over and over again not to do that.我一再地警告你不要去做。prior to 在…..之前，居先
prior优先的，在前的
*He called on me prior to his departure．他临行前来看了我。quite a few 相当多，许多
*We didn't expect many to be present but quite a few people came to the meeting．我们并未指望有多少人出席，但还是很多人来参加了会议。
*Quite a few of the students were late.不少学生迟到了。
rather than 不是….(而是)，不愿，不要;与其说倒不如说
*I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.我想喝冷饮, 不想喝咖啡.regardless of 不顾，不管
*Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。right away 立即，马上
*I'm sorry I forgot to bring your medicine down；I'll go upstairs and get it right away．很抱歉我忘记把药给你拿下来了，我马上上楼给你拿来。
*She says that dinner will be ready right away．她说晚饭马上就准备好了。side by side 在一起，肩并肩
*The two boys played side by side all afternoon．这两个男孩整个下午一直在一起玩。
*We must stand side by side in our days of trouble．在困难的日子里，我们一定要并肩站在一起。so far 迄今为止，到目前为止
*So far no further news had been obtained．至今没有得到进一步的消息。*The weather has been hot so far this summer．今年夏天天气一直很热。sooner or later 迟早，早晚
*You will repent it sooner or later．你迟早会后悔的。
*Although people would like to live forever，everyone has to die sooner or later．虽然人们都想永远活下去，但是每个人最终都是要死的。step by step逐步地
*Step by step I'll learn to do the work．我将逐步地学会干这项工作。
*A foreign language can't be learned rapidly；it must be learned step by step．学外语不能急，只能按部就班地学。
*His health is improving step by step.他的健康状况正在逐步好转。such as 例如，诸如
*Metals are such things as iron，gold and silver．金属是诸如铁、金和银这类的东西。thanks to 由于，多亏
*Thanks to your help，we succeeded．由于你的帮助，我们成功了。that is to say 换句话说，也就是说
*He runs after her；that is to say，he has fallen in love with her．他追求她，也就是说，他爱上了她。to the point 切中要害，切题
*His speech was very long and not to the point．他的演讲冗长而且不切题。under control 处于控制之下
*They have got flood waters under control．他们已使泛滥的洪水受到了控制。*I noticed that my legs are not well under control．我发觉我的两条腿不听使唤。under the circumstances 在这种情况下 up to date 最近的，最新的
*Your skirt is quite up to date．你的裙子款式是最时新的。
*Mother，you must get more up to date with modern styles！You can't wear those things．妈妈，你应该接受些时髦的东西，不能穿那些玩艺儿了。up to 直到…..;从事于，策划
*He hasn't seen any elephant up to the present day．他到现在也没有见过大象。
*Some people believe those men are spies，but no one knows what they are up to．有人认为那些人是间谍，但是没有人知道他们想干什么。
what if…..? 如果…..将会怎么样呢？，*I don't like to have you go boating in such weather．What if a storm should come up？我不想让你在这样的天气里去划船，要是刮起了大风暴怎么办？
*What if he doesn't come？We can not do without him．如果他不来怎么办？没有他，我们就无法干。what about……?
…….怎么样？ with respect to 至于，关于
*I have something to say with respect to our business．关于我们的业务，我想说几句。with regard to 至于，关于
without question 无疑的，的确的，毫无疑问的 with the exception of 除…..之外
*They passed the examination withthe exception of two．除了两人外，他们考试都通过了。word for word 逐字的，一字不差的
*Please tell me what the teacher said，word for word．请把老师的原话告诉我。
Friday, May 07, 2010
原海旺/原培旺于乔谢
本word内容参考于网络资源，经本人归纳之。
Monday, May 24, 2010
第三篇：英语常用词汇及短语
都是练习题和真题里反复出现的高频词，好好背下来啦—— in advance 事先；提前 on purpose 故意
adjust to(使)适应于，把...调节到 apply for 申请，请求
assign to 指派，选派 attempt at 企图，努力
attribute to 把...归因于，归咎于 belong to属于
benefit from 受益，获益 burst out + V-ing 爆发，突然发作 catch up with 赶上
combine with 结合，联合，化合
concentrate on 集中，专心 cope with 对付，应付 count on 倚靠，指望
deal with 处理，论述，涉及
dedicate to 奉献，把...用在 depend on/upon 依靠，信赖，取决于 differ from 不同
engage in 使从事于，使忙于
equip with 装备，配备
exchange for 交换，调换，兑换
figure out 计算出；领会到 find out 查明，发现
focus on(使)聚焦，(使)集中 hear of/about 听到
hear from 收到...的(来信)can/could not help +V-ing 禁不住，忍不住 hinder from 阻止，妨碍 involve in 卷入，陷入；牵涉，包含
leave behind 留下，忘记带 major in 主修，专攻
object to 反对，不赞成 persist in 坚持不懈，执意；持续
plunge into 纵身投入，跳入；猛冲； point out 指出
remind sb.of sth.使想起 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
resort to 求助；诉诸于，采取，凭借 respond to 响应，回答 result in 导致，结果是 select from 挑选，选择
separate from(使)分离；(使)分开 settle down 定居；解决，调停
share with 分与，分派，分配，分享，共用 specialize in 擅长于，专门研究，专攻 suffer from 忍受，遭受；使痛苦，患病； switch off 切断，(用开关)关掉 switch on 接通，(用开关)开起 affect v.影响，传染，感动 effort n.努力 effect n.结果，影响
effective adj.有效的；卓有成效 apply v.申请
application n.申请书 applicant n.申请人 aware adj.意识到的，知道的
unaware adj.没有意识到的（反义词）appreciate v.欣赏，感谢，正确评价 appreciation n.欣赏，感谢
benefit n.益处，好处 v.有益于，受益 campus n.（大学）校园
candidate n.候选人，报考者，申请者 capable adj.有能力的，能干的 career n.职业，生涯，经历 case n.案例，情况，事实，病例
challenge n.挑战，艰巨任务 v.挑战，要求试 common adj.共同的 character n.性格
chase v./n.追逐，追求，寻觅 contract v.收缩，缩小 n.合同，契约 cheat v./n.欺骗，作弊，骗子，欺骗行为 check v./n.检查，核对 n.支票 circumstance n.情况，形势，境遇 complain v.抱怨，申诉 complaint n.抱怨，申诉，疾病
compete v.竞争，比赛 competition n.比赛，竞争
competitive adj.竞争激烈的；充满竞争的
convenient adj.方便的，舒适的 convenience n.便利，方便，公共厕所
create v.创造，产生 credit n.信贷，信任 v.信任
crisis n.危机，决定性时刻，转折点（pl.crises）critical adj.决定性的，批判的，危急的 criticize/-ise v.批评，评论，指责 cultivate v.栽培，培养，耕作 culture n.文化，教养 curiosity n.好奇心 custom n.习惯，风俗 customer n.顾客
direction n.方向，方位 disappear v.不见，消失 disaster n.灾难，大祸 discourage v.使气馁，阻碍 emotion n.情感，激情，情绪
emphasis v./n.强调，重点
encourage v.鼓励，激励
enforce v.实施，生效，强迫，执行，加强 enlarge v.扩大，扩展，详述 ensure v.保证，担保，确定 enable v.是能够，使有能力 enrich v.使丰富 强烈建议：
备考期间，这些词组，不是你应该会背的，而是应该熟练应用的，so take some time and try to use them!be absent from...缺席，不在 be absorbed in全神贯注于……近： be lost in； be concentrated on； be focused on
take...into account(＝consideration)把……考虑进去 ahead of time提前
confess to a crime承认罪行 have confidence in对……有信心 be confident of有信心 confidential机密的take...into consideration(=take...into account)考虑到，把……考虑进去 considerate(＝thoughtful of the needs)体贴的，考虑他人需要的，considerable相当大的，值得考虑的contrast...with...把……与……相对(对照)in contrast to/with和……形成对比 by contrast对比之下
take sth.under control(被)控制住 out of control无法控制
be convenient to/for对……方便
cope with(＝deal with，try to find a solution to)应付，处理 at all costs不惜任何代价 at the cost of以……为代价
emerge from(＝appear，become known)出现，暴露(问题，意见等)end up with以……而结束
engage in或be engaged in忙于，从事 be equipped with装备有，装有
except(＝but)除了
except for(＝apart from)除……以外 be good for对……有好处；对……有作用
be good at擅长于； be good to对……好
take...for granted(＝assume to be true)把……认为理所当然的 be in the habit of习惯于
get(fall)into the habit of养成了……的习惯 live from hand to mouth勉强度日，现挣现吃 at heart(＝in reality)内心里，实际上 in one's heart(of hearts)内心深处，事实上 by heart(＝by memory)熟记，背(诵)with all one's heart全心全意地，真心实意
be ignorant of(＝lacking knowledge)对……不了解，不知道 make(leave)an impression on sb.＝give sb.an impression给……留下印象 make the most(use)of充分利用 gift talent by nature天生的，生来 in nature本质上 natural
name after用……的名字命名 none other than不是别人，正是…… nothing but只有，不过……而已
it occurs to sb.that...某人想到……
all at once(＝suddenly，now)立即，马上 once in a while(＝occasionally)偶尔 in order井井有条，处于良好状态；
out of order(＝in bad condition)出毛病，发生故障
participate in(＝take part in)参加 be patient with对……耐心
perform on the piano(＝play the piano)演奏钢琴 persist in坚持，固执
in person亲自，当面
come to the point谈主要问题
there is no point in doing sth.没必要做某事 point at(＝indicate，direct attention)指着 point out(＝indicate，show)指出，指明 popular with/among大众所喜爱的，拥戴
resort to诉诸于……，求助于……
resort to force诉诸于武力
respond to对……反应，响应，对(药)有效 in response to(＝as an answer to)回答，反应
be responsible for对……负责，是造成……原因 result in(＝cause)导致 with the result that其结果是 in return(for)作为报答；以报答(for)get rid of摆脱，去掉，除去 be in the right正确的；
in the wrong错误的
give rise to(＝lead to)引起，导致
at the risk of(＝with danger of)冒……的风险
for the sake of(＝for the good or advantage of)为了……起见 be satisfied with满意 on a large scale大规模地
on schedule 按时，准时
ahead of schedule提前；in advance预先； behind schedule落后于计划进度，晚于规定时间
in search of寻找；
in honor of为了表示对……敬意； in memory of为了纪念……； in pursuit of追求……；
on behalf of代表……的利益； in favor of赞成……； in season 旺季
in secret秘密地； in private私下
share sth.with与……分享，分担，分摊，共用 be sorry about/for懊悔的，后悔的，难过的 specialize in专门研究，专攻 in spite of(＝despite)尽管
stick to粘着，坚持
stick to one's friend忠于朋友
stick at(＝continue to work hard at)继续勤奋地致力于……； stick at one's books勤奋读书
be strict with对……严格要求 be/go on strike罢工
suffer from患……病；受……苦痛 be suitable for(＝fit)适合……的 be surprised at对……惊奇； take...by surprise使……惊奇； to one's surprise使某人惊奇 in good taste大方，得体；(反意)in bad taste小家子气
in terms of(＝with regard to；respectively)按照，根据，在……方面 think of(＝have the idea of)想到；(＝consider)考虑；(＝remember)想起 on second thoughts经再三考虑之后 at the thought of一想到……
for the time being(＝temporarily)暂时 in time(for)及时 on time准时 at no time无论何时也不…… in on time(＝very quickly)立即，马上 at times(＝occasionally)间或，时常
at all times(＝always)始终，总是 be in use(＝be used)被使用；
be out of use(＝be on longer used)不再被使用
be used to＋V-ing习惯于 used to＋动词原形(过去常常做)
in vain(＝uselessly)徒劳
be in the way(＝obstructive)碍事，阻碍 by way of(＝by going through)经由，取道 by the way(＝in addition)顺带地(转移话题)in no way无论怎样也不…… in a way从某种程度上说
against one's will违心地，违背意愿地 in a word总之； in other words换言之； have a word with sb.谈一谈； have words with sb.争吵； hav the last word有决定权
第四篇：大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型集锦
大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型集锦
a stack of 一堆，一摞，一叠 a wealth of 很多的
abrupt 突然的；意料之外的 absorb 吸收；吸引...的注意 academic performance 学习成绩 accuse 谴责，指控 accusation 指控，控告 advance 前进；增加 alert 警报
alternative 替代品；另类的 appear 看上去好像，似乎 Aristotle 亚里士多德 assembly 集会，集合
at hand 手头上的；需要马上处理的 at the expense of 以...为代价 attentively 专注地；热切地 attribute to 把...归因于 bacon 腊肉 bake 烘，烤
bake...into 纳入，合并
be entitled to 有权；有...的资格 be tied up with=be busy with bear sth in mind 将…牢记心间 beverage 饮料
biased 有偏见的；结果偏倚的 billion 十亿
blade 刀刃，刀片 bless 祝福；保佑 block 一块，一段 bloom 果树的花 blossom 观赏的花 boost 提升；鼓舞
box office 票房收入；售票处 branch 分支 breeze 微风 brew 酿造
brief 短暂的；简略的 bubble 气泡，泡沫
build up from nothing=start from scratch 白手起家
bullet 子弹
bump 上下颠簸；碰撞；膨胀 burglar 窃贼 cable 电缆
calligraphy=handwriting 书法
catch oneself doing sth突然意识到自己在做...categorize 分类 ceiling 天花板
champagne（法国）香槟酒
chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的机会 Chances always favor those who are fully prepared 机会总是留给有充分准备的人 chill 寒冷；寒气 chilly 寒冷的
China’s reform and opening-up 中国的改革开放
chip 剪下；剪辑；夹住，扣住 clutter 杂乱；混乱；弄乱 cognitive 认知的
collapse 倒塌；衰退；病倒；崩溃 column 专栏；圆柱 columnist 专栏作家
come into being 出现，产生，存在 come into vogue 流行起来 comforter 被子 commercial 商业的 commit 犯（罪）；致力于 commitment 承诺；忠诚 comparable 比得上的 compel 强波，使不得不 compelling 引人注目的
complement 补充物，衬托物 comprehensive 综合的 confront（+with）面对 consensus 一致同意 controversy 争议 conventional 传统的
correspond 通信；一致，相符合 council 委员会
count on 依赖，指望 counter 计算器；柜台；（棋盘游戏的）筹码 countless 无数的
cover the expenses of 支付...的费用 crack 破解（难题，密码）；破裂 cracker 薄脆饼干 anticipate 预期，预料 credit 学分
crucial 重要的；决定性的 curb 路边
curl 盘绕，缠绕 curler 卷发夹
curse 祸害；诅咒，咒骂 damp 潮湿的
dampen 抑制；使…沮丧 define 确定，界定 definitely 一定 democratic 民主的
demonstrate 证明；展示；示威 depict 描绘
depress 使沮丧，使萧条 device 装置，设备；策略 devise 遗赠；设计，发明 dialect 方言 dig 挖掘
diligent 勤奋的 diner 小餐馆
diploma 毕业/学业证书；奖状 diplomatic 外交的
1/4 direct 直接的
disguise 掩饰，假扮
display 陈列，展览；显示；炫耀 distinguished 杰出的，独特的 domesticate 驯养
dramatic 剧烈的，显著的 dried 干燥的，干涸的
dump 倾倒；抛弃，丢弃；抛售；抛卸；垃圾场；军需供应站 dustbin 垃圾桶
economic 紧急实惠的 eel 鳗鱼，鳝
eliminate 消除，排除 emission 排放 employee 雇员 employee 雇主
encounter 偶遇，邂逅；遭遇 enroll 使加入；注册，登记 entrepreneur 企业家 essence 精髓，精华
essential 必要的；本质的 estate 房地产
exceed 超过，超越 excel 擅长（+in/at）；优于，超过 excellent 极好的，优秀的
exclusive 排斥；排外的；专门的；独家新闻 excursion 远足；短途旅游 executive 总经理；行政领导；执行的（CEO）exert 发挥；运用；尽（力）；施加 exert an influence on...exploit 利用；开拓，挖掘；剥削 exposure 暴露；曝光
extend one’s sincere gratitude to 向…表达某人诚挚的感谢之情 exterior 外部的 facility 天赋，才能 fascinate 吸引 fatigue 疲劳
feasible 可行的，可能的 finance 财政，金融
first-class=leading 一流的 fleet 船队，车队，机群 flour 面粉
flow 流动（v.&n.）；流传，传播 for sale 待售的 fossil fuel 化石燃料 foster interests 培养兴趣 frontier 前沿；边界
fundamentally 根本地，基础地
generate 生育；引起，造成，导致，促进 give rise to 引起，导致 give 让步，提供
gossip 流言蜚语，谣言；闲谈 govern 治理；管理；统治；支配 grace 优雅；慈悲
grant 授予；允许，同意 grip=grasp 紧握住
guideline 指导方针，准则 timeless 永恒的
hang up 挂起（衣服）；挂断电话 harvest（庄稼）收获 hated 令人憎恨的 haul 拖拉
hinder 阻碍，妨碍；后面的 Holland 荷兰
hollow 空的；凹陷的；窟窿
humanity 人类；人性；人文学科 hut 棚屋，茅舍
identical 完全相同的，同一的 identify 确定，确认，识别 identity 身份
ignorant 愚昧无知的 illustrate 阐明；图解 illustration 插图 immense 巨大的
implicit/underlying 含蓄的，深层的 impose 强制实施，施加
in essence 本质上，大体上；其实
in terms of 就...来说；关于...；在...方面 in token of 作为...的象征 Inc（incorporation）公司 incoming 进来的 index 索引
index finger 食指 inevitable 不可避免的
infant 初学者；婴儿，幼儿，未成年 inferior（superior）次的，差的 infrastructure 基础设施；公共建设 inherit 继承
innovation 创新；新发明 install 安装
instant noodles 方便面
instant 即刻的；即食的；速溶的 integrate with 与…结合在一起
integrate 整合，合并，使一体化；整体的 integrate...into 融入
intellectual 智力的；聪明的；知识分子 interest 利益；利息
interfere（+with）干预，妨碍，打扰 interior 内部的
interpretation 阐释，说明 intervention 干预
intimate 亲密的，私人的 investigation 调查，研究
irrational consumption 非理性消费 Jesus 耶稣
join hand 携手合作 junior 大三学生
keep back 抑制；隐瞒 leaf 叶子；人生
2/4 lean toward 偏向于… leap 跳跃；腾飞 lease 租约，租契
less than 一点也不，一点也没有 limp 软的；不强壮地；（因腿受伤）跛行 literacy rate 识字率 literature 文学（作品），文献 livelihood 生计 logical 合乎逻辑的 loyal 忠诚的 lump 膨胀
luxury奢侈（的）；奢侈品 magnificent 华丽的；高贵的 maintain 维修
make time for 为...腾出时间 Mandarin 普通话 margin 边缘
matchmaking 做媒（牵线搭桥）mayor 市长
mechanic 技工，机修工；手工的 Mediterranean 地中海 merit 值得，应得；功德
migrant workers 流动工人；农民工 migrant 候鸟；移民 Millennium 千禧一代 mind-set 心态；思维模式 minimal 微小的，极少的 mobility 移动性 muscle 肌肉
mutually 相互地；彼此 nail down 确定，明确 narrative 故事，记叙文 nightmare 噩梦
Not until that time did I realize how important I am in your heart.obligation 债务；义务，责任；证券；契约；恩惠
occupation 职业，行业 ocean liner 远洋客轮 odd 奇数的；古怪的 odds 概率，可能性
on the side of 站在…的立场
One can’t make bricks without straw.巧妇难为无米之炊
outdated 过时的 outlet 出口，出路
outperform 胜过，做得比...好 outweigh 比…更重要；超出
overtake（=go beyond）赶上；超越；超车；突然袭击 pants 裤子 paper 论文 passive 被动的 paste 膏；粘贴 peasant 农民
penalty 惩罚；死刑
perceive 理解；意识的；发觉，警觉 perception 知觉，观念 perceptive 感知的 perfume 香水；香气 permanently 永远地
perspective 观点，角度；远景 phase（月亮）盈亏；阶段；时机 pinch 一小撮；掐，捏，夹 pitch 程度，强度，高度 plague 蝗/鼠灾，瘟疫 Polish 波兰（人）的 populous 人口多的 post 张贴；发布 postpone 推迟
precisely 精确地；清晰地 predator 捕食者 pregnant 怀孕
procedure 程序；进程
productive 多产的；有效率的；有创造性的 productivity 生产力 proficient 能力，水平profound 深刻的
promise 承诺；有…的可能 proportion 比例
prospect 前景，希望；景色；勘探 pull oneself together 使振作起来 pumpkin 南瓜 purple 紫色的
radical 激进的；激进分子 random 任意地，随意地 raw 生的；未经加工的 reap 收割；收获
recession（经济）萧条 recreation 娱乐 recruit 雇佣，；招聘；动员；征募 reflect on 仔细思考
regard 就...而言，关于...；认为，看作 region 地区；范围；部位 relate 讲述
relatively 相当地；相对地 remains 残留物；遗址 renewal 更新；重建 reservation 保留；预订
resort 名胜；诉诸；求助（n.）；凭借（n.）respectively 各自地，分别地，依次地 restraint 控制，抑制；安全带
retailer 零售商 proverb 谚语
retrain 再教育，再训练 retreat 撤退；隐居处 reveal 揭露
revenue 财政收入（税收）；利益
reverse 改变；推翻；反转，扭转；倒退 rosy 玫瑰色的；乐观的；愉快的
3/4 rough 粗糙的；粗鲁的；未经加工的 roughly 大致上，粗略的 run into 碰撞，撞上 rust（铁）锈
sack 麻布袋；解雇
satisfied（指人）感到满意的
satisfying=satisfactory（指物）令人感到满意的
scholar 学者
scope 视野；范围 scrape 擦伤；刮除 script 剧本；手稿 secure 保证；保护 set 布置
shed 工棚，工房，库房；流出（+tears）sheet 床单；一张；纸 shiver 颤抖，哆嗦 slope 斜面，斜坡 so-called 所谓的 solution 溶剂
sophisticated 久经世故的；精密的；尖端的 sort 整理，分类
source 源泉；根源；水源 span 持续的时间；期间 resource 资源；财力
spark a heated discussion 引起激烈的讨论 special offer 特价 split 分开，分裂 spray 喷洒
stack 堆起，摞起 staple food 主食
staple 基本的，主要的 stereotype 刻板印象 stoop 俯身，弯腰
strain 拉紧；扭伤；使过度劳累；压力 strip（+off）剥去，除去，脱去 strive 努力，奋斗 struggle 努力，奋斗
stuff 填/塞满；东西；原料；让...吃饱 stuffed toys 毛绒玩具 submit 提交
subsequent 随后的 sufficient 充分的 suggest 表明，暗示
superficial 表面的；肤浅的 surge 激增，突然上涨：（情感的）突发，涌现
sustain 延续，维持，支撑；承担；忍受 terminal 终端；致命的；晚期的；终点站 the Communist Party 共产党 therapy 治疗；疗法
There is many reasons accounting for（解释，说明）...tip 诀窍；小费；尖端 tobacco 香烟，烟草
torture 折磨，使痛苦 toss 扔，掷，抛
tremendous 巨大的；极好的 trigger（扣）扳机；触发 tube 管子
ultimately 最终；根本 uneasy 不安的 upfront 预付地
Valentine’s Day 情人节 vanish 消失，突然不见
vary from person to person 因人而异 venture 冒险（事业）verification 验证，确认
vigorous 强有力的，强健的，精力充沛的 violation 侵犯；违反
virtual（计算机）虚拟的；实际上的 virtue 优点；美德 virus 病毒
vision 视力；眼力；想象；美景 visual 视觉的，视力的 vogue 时尚（的），流行（的）voyage 航行；航程
vulnerable 易受伤害的，有弱点的 walker 助步车
whereas 然而；鉴于；反之 wire 电线，金属丝 wireless 无线电（的）
With/in regard to 就...而言，至于，关于 wrap up 拆开（包裹）
Yogi 瑜伽师（yoga 瑜伽）
4/4
第五篇：英语四级写作常用短语总结4
英语四级写作常用短语总结(4)
in sb’s/the way 妨碍（某人）的，挡（某人）道的 on the whole 总的来说，大体上
in a word 一句话，简言之，总之
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
at work 在干活，在工作；在起作用，在运转 out of work 失业
in the world 究竟，到底
动词+名词
have/gain access to 可以获得
take…into account 考虑到，顾及，体谅 take advantage of 占…的便宜，利用
pay attention to 注意
do/try one’s best 尽力，努力
get/have the best of 战胜
make the best of 充分利用
get/have the better of 战胜，在…中占上风 catch one’s breath 屏息；喘气，气喘，歇口气 take care 注意，当心
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