第一篇:初中英语简单句基本知识
初中英语简单句基本知识
现在的学生在句子的知识方面认识不够,对句子主要成分、简单句基本句型等难以理解。本文从句子的主要成分及能作该成分的词类进行讲解,并讲解了简单句的基本句型,期望学生们能从中获得知识,形成句子的概念,从而进一步提高组句能力,行文能力。
一、句子的主要成分
1.句子的主语,可作主语的词主要有名词、人称代词主格、动名词、不定式、名词性、物主代词。
2.句子的谓语,主要是动词。
3.句子的宾语,可作宾语的词和可作主语的词一样(但主格不能做宾语)。
4.句子的定语,作定语的词以形容词为主,部分名词也可以作定语。作定语的词主要置于名词前起修饰限定的作用。形容词性物主代词也可作定语。
5.句子的状语,主要是表示时间的时间状语,如: usually,often,always,now,just now,in a year,two weeks ago等,表示地点的地点状语,如:there,here,in the hospital,on the earth,on the desk,behind the door,in front of the classroom,表示方式的状语。
6.句子的补语,主要是宾语补足语(举例说明即可)。
7.句子的表语,主要是形容词和名词,不定式、动名词、人称代词宾格、反身代词也可以构成“系表”结构中的表语。
二、英语简单句的基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型
a.主系表Iamastudent.Sheistall.主语系动词表语主语系动词表语
Mary often falls ill in winter.(Mary是名词,在句中作主语;often是时间状语;falls在本句中是系动词,其后接形容词ill作表语;in winter是表示时间的短语,在句中作时间状语。)
It is me.它就是我。(it是人称代词,在句中作主语;is系动词;me是人称代词宾格,在句中作表语。)
英语句子中能作系动词的以be为主,其它的还有fall,feel,taste,smell,sound,look,turn,get,become等。
b.主谓(谓语是不及物动词)
I work in a factory.我在一个工厂工作。(本句中I是主语;work是行为动词,作谓语;in a factory是地点状语,它不受work作用,故它不作work的宾语。)
He often reads in the library.他常常在图书馆阅读。(本句中He是主语;reads是行为动词,作谓语;in the library是地点状语,它不受reads作用,故它不作reads的宾语; often常常,是时间状语。)
c.主谓宾(谓语是及物动词)
He often reads English in the library.他常常在图书馆读英语。(本句与上一句相比就会发现:本句中的reads后多了一词English,它就是及物动词reads作用的宾语。)
d.主谓宾宾(间接宾语直接宾语)这类谓语动词一般都是及物动词,以tell,give,ask,show为主。
Mary gives me a book.马丽给我一本书。(Mary,名词,在句子中做主语; gives,及物动词,在句中做谓语;me,人称代词宾格,在句中做宾语;a book名词,在句中做宾语。)Gao Fei tells Li Ming a story.高飞告诉讲了个故事给李明听。(Gao Fei,名词,在句子中
做主语; tells,及物动词,在句中做谓语;Li Ming,名词,在句中做宾语;a story名词,在句中做宾语。)
e.主谓宾补(补,就是宾语补足语)这类谓语动词主要是make.Rainy days make me sad.(本句中make是谓语,me是make的宾语,sad起补充说明的作用,所以是宾语补足语)
简单句的基本句型就是这五种,同学们应该结合实际学习的英语句子找出句子中每个词的词类,并分析其在句子中所作的主要成分;弄清词类的同时把握该句子属于哪种简单句的基本句型
第二篇:初中英语简单句的句型
英语(English)是一种西日耳曼语,最早被中世纪的英国使用,并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言,那么接下来给大家分享一些关于初中英语简单句的句型,希望对大家有所帮助。
初中英语简单句的句型
一、简单句的九大基本句型
1.“主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)
这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析:“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。
The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。
2.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)
这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例:I study English.分析:“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
3.“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)
这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。
例:Our teacher taught us English.分析:“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)“英语”(直接宾语)。
4.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型)
这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例: He asked her to go there.分析:“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语—补充说明宾语应做什么)。
5.“主语 + have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)
这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语,即有形或无形的资源)”。
例: You have a nice watch.你有一块漂亮的手表
分析:“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表,即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。
6.“There + be + 主语+ …”(即“存在”句型)
这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。
例:There is a bird in the tree.在树上有一只鸟。
分析:“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。
7.“主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)
这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。
例: I am a teacher.我是一名老师
分析:“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。
She felt very tired.她感觉到很累。
He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。
You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白,病了吗?
8.比较句型
这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。
1)相等比较: …as + 形容词/副词原级 + as…;
…as + 形容词+名词 + as…
例:He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。
例:He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多
2)劣等比较: …less + 形容词/副词原级 + than …
例:He is less careful than she.他没她细心。
3)优等比较:…+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than…;
…the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two…
例:She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。
例: He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。
4)最高级:the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ {of(among)+ 人或物}
{in + 场所}
例: He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。
9.“it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”(即评价句型)
这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句)
例:It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
分析:本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。
英语写作小技巧
一、代入法
这是进行英语写作时最常用的方法。同学们在掌握一定的词汇和短语之后,结合一定的语法知识,按照句子的结构特点,直接用英语代人相应的句式即可。如:
1.他从不承认自己的失败。
He never admits his failure.2.那项比赛吸引了大批观众。
The match attracted a large crowd.3.他把蛋糕分成4块。
He divided the cake into four pieces.二、还原法
即把疑问句、强调句、倒装句等还原成基本结构。这是避免写错句子的一种有效的办法。如:
1.这是开往格拉斯哥的火车吗?
Is this the train for Glasgow?
还原为陈述句:This is the train for Glasgow.2.他是因为爱我的钱才同我结了婚。
It was because he loved my money that he married me.还原为非强调句:Because he loved my money, he married me.3.光速很快,我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.还原为正常语序:Light travels so fast that we can hardly imagine its speed.三、分解法
把一个句子分成两个或两个以上的句子。这样既能把意思表达得更明了,又能减少写错句子的几率。如:
1.我们要干就要干好。
If we do a thing, we should do it well.2.从各地来的学生中有许多是北方人。
There are students here from all over the country.Many of them are from the North.四、合并法
就是把两个或两个以上的简单句用一个复合句或较复杂的简单句表达出来。这种方法最能体现学生的英语表达能力,同时也最能提高文章的可读性。如:
1.我们迷路了,这使我们的旅行变成了一次冒险。
Our trip turned into an adventure when we got lost.2.天气转晴了,这是我们没有想到的。
The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.3.狼是高度群体化的动物,它们的成功依赖于合作。
Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon their cooperation.五、删减法
就是在写英语句子时,把相应汉语句子里的某些词、短语或重复的成分删掉或省略。如:
1.这部打字机真是价廉物美。
This typewriter is very cheap and fine indeed.注:汉语表达中的“价”和“物”在英语中均无需译出。
2.个子不高不是人生中的严重缺陷。
Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life.注:汉语说“个子不高”,其实就是“不高”。也就是说,其中的“个子”在英语中无需译出。
六、移位法
由于英语和汉语在表达习惯上存在差异,根据表达的需要,某些成分需要前置或后移。如:
1.他发现赚点外快很容易。
He found it easy to earn extra money.注:it在此为形式宾语,真正的宾语是句末的不定式to earn extra money。
2.告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。
The man who told me this refused to tell me his name.注:who told me this为修饰the man的定语从句,应置于其后。
3.直到我遇到你以后,我才真正体会到幸福。
It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.注:not...until...为英语中的固定句式,其意为“直到……才……”。
七、分析法
指根据要表示的汉语意思,通过进行语法分析和句式判断,然后写出准确地道的英语句子。如:
1.从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。
Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.注:分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,由于the matter与see之间为被动关系,故see要用过去分词seen。
2.我没有见过他,所以说不出他的模样。
Not having met him, I cannot tell you what he is like.注:如果分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,且与逻辑主语是主动关系,则用现在分词的完成式。
八、意译法
有的同学在写句子时,一遇见生词或不熟悉的表达,就以为是“山穷水尽”了。其实,此时我们可以设法绕开难点,在保持原意的基础上,用不同的表达方式写出来。如:
1.汤姆一直在扰乱别的孩子,我就把他撵了出去。
Tom was upsetting the other children, so I showed him the door.2.有志者事竟成。
Where there is a will, there is a way.3.你可以同我们一起去或是呆在家中,悉听尊便。
You can go with us or stay at home, whichever you choose.
第三篇:初中英语简单句和并列句练习题打印
简单句部分
1.A library with 5000 books ____ to the school as a gift.A.is offeredB.has offered C.are offeredD.have offered
2.The United States ____ a western country.The Philipines ____ in the Pacific Ocean.A.is;areB.are;isC.is;isD.are;are 3.Every means ____ been tried to save the boy.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is
4.Mrs Brown as well as her two sisters ____ interested in light C.forD.still 6.I must be off now, _____ I’ll be late for the meeting.A.butB.and C.forD.or
7.______ should one help each other._____ he should learn from others.A.Both;andB.Neither;nor C.Not only;butD.Either;or 8.They can’t drive a car._____ can I.A.NorB.So music.A.haveB.hasC.areD.is
5.A number of the students in our school ____ sent to work in Tibet.A.areB.isC.haveD.has
6.The professor and writer ____ coming to make a report on Chinese literature.A.isB.areC.hasD.have
7.Many a boy and many a girl ____ made such a funny experiment.A.hareB.areC.hasD.is
8.Li Ming ____ his brothers and sisters has a hobby of collecting stamps.A.andB.orC.norD.as well as 9.Two hours ____ enough for us.A.areB.haveC.isD.has
10.On the table ____ two dictionaries, one open, the other closed.A.liesB.laysC.laidD.lie
并列句部分
1.---I don’t like chicken ____ fish.---I don’t like chicken, ____ I like fish very much.A.and;andB.and;butC.or;butD.or;and 2.The bell is ringing _____ the lesson is over.A.butB.or C.andD.yet
3.I’m reading a newspaper ______ Mr Zhang is writing a letter.A.soB.while C.whenD.or
4.We have won many victories,______ more difficulties are still ahead of us.A.butB.therefore C.soD.for
5.You have talked much,_____ you haven’t come to the point.A.soB.but
C.ButD.and
9._____ you do it _____ I do it.Anyhow it must be done.A.Neither;norB.Either;or C.Both;andD.Not only;but also 10.He is ill in bed,______ we should take care of him.A.soB.but C.eitherD.nor
1-5英语简单句、并列句练习题
()1.I help him___ he helps me.We help each other.A.butB.andC.orD.though()2 ___ he ___ I am a doctor.A.Both;andB.Either;norC.Neither;norD.Neither;and
()3 Some of us would like to act the story ___ it isn't finished yet.A.butB.andC.thoughD.so()4 One more week, ___ we will finish the task.A.orB.so thatC.andD.if
()5 “The ground must be just right ___ too wet ___ too dry.A.either;orB.both;andC.between;andD.neither;
nor
()6 Sam was ill yesterday, so he________his homework.A.didn'tB.not didC.didn't doD.didn't did()7 Sorry, there's only one seat left.___ you___ she can have it.A.neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Not;but()8 He _________coffee at all.He _________ tea.A.doesn't like, prefersB.likes, doesn't prefer C.would like, not prefersD.prefers, is not food of()9 We _________ happy about the price of meat.A.don'tB.are notC.won'tD.weren't being
()10 I ______ trouble finding the place.A.didn't have manyB.haven't a great deal of C.didn't have muchD.hadn't a lot of()11 _______ of us likes the film.A.BothB.AllC.NeitherD.Some
()12 Which sentence is right?
A.I don't think that he is not right.B.I think he is not right.C.I don't think that he is right.D.I think he was not right.()13 They are ___ young ___ carry the box onto the table.D.very;to
()14 They ________ lunch at home every day.A.have notB.didn't haveC.don't haveD.6.Hurry up,__________we'll miss the train.A.andB.butC.forD.or 7.I wrote a letter,__________I forgot to mail it.A.forB.butC.orD.while
8.Please__________come in or go out,don't stand there in the doorway.B.andC.forD.either A.enough;tooB.too;toC.so;toA.neither
9.Why was Edison not able to hatch chickens__________the hen could.have not any
()15--________ is your English teacher like?
--He is tall and thin.A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD./
()16--_________do you like the new play?
--It's good and interesting.A.HowB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom()17 Pay attention please, ___ of you want to attend the party?
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what()18--___ did you sleep last night?
--I stayed up too late to go to sleep.A.HowB.WhenC.WhyD.Where()19 It is getting dark.Our teacher_________.A.lets us to go homeB.lets us go homeC.let us go to homeD.let we go home()20 _________ she sings!
A.What beautifulB.How beautiful C.What beautifullyD.How beautifully
并列句专题练习
并列句单项选择练习
1.__________many times,but he still couldn't understand it.A.Having been oldB.Though he had been told C.He was toldD.Having told
2.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but__________didn't help.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it 3.__________,so Mary was very sad.A.Her mother was very illB.Her mother being ill C.Her mother's being illD.Because her mother was ill
4.-Sugar__________milk.-Only milk,please,__________I used to like sugar.A.and;andB.and;butC.or;andD.or;but 5.It must have rained last night,__________the road is wet.A.while B.or C.for D.because
A.whileB.whenC.becauseD.unless
10.The teacher came in,__________the students stood up and said,”Good morning,teacher."
A.whileB.andC.butD.for
11.__________on the mirror,and you'll find little drops of water on the glass.A.BlowingB.To blowC.BlowD.If you blow 12.-I don't like singing__________dancing,what about you.-I don't like dancing,__________I like singing songs.A.and;andB.and;butC.or;butD.or;and
13.Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths and__________,it is our duty to master it.A.altogetherB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.however 14.One more word,__________I'll knock you flat.A.soB.andC.butD.therefore
15.The car is quite old;__________,there is nothing wrong with it.A.butB.yetC.howeverD.therefore
16.I liked this play very much,__________my mother said it was uninteresting.A.andB.forC.soD.but
17.-My shirt is torn.-__________me a needle and thread,and I'll mend it for you.A.If you bringB.If you had broughtC.Should you bringD.Bring
18.__________to the top of the hill,and you can see the whole of the town.A.To getB.GetC.GettingD.Having got
19.Spring is coming;__________gets warmer and warmer,and trees turn green.A.thatB.itC.whichD.as it
20.Jack passed all his examinations;__________pleased his parents.A.whoB.itC.whichD.all of which
参考答案及详解
1.and 2.Not only;but also 3.however 4.Neither;nor 5.while 6.or7.so 8.for 9.Either;or 10.yet 11.but 12.but;and 13.therefore 14.for15.(but)still 16.while 17.and 18.but 19.for 20.or 21.while/but22.however 23.nor 24.yet/but 25.or/otherwise 26.and 27.so/and 28.when 参考答案及详解
1.C。该句为but引导的并列句。此题若去掉but,则A、B项皆正确。2.D 3.A。该句为so引导的并列句。
4.B。根据答语“Only milk,please”可知对方是问“糖和牛奶你都要吗? ”。
5.C。从路是湿的来推测,昨晚一定下雨了。用because是错的,因为because从句是不能引起下雨的直接原因。6.D 7.B 8.D。either...or...,要么„„,要么„„9.A 10.B。and 连接两个分句,表示两个连接的动作。11.C。属于“祈使句+and+主谓结构”。12.C 13.B
14.B。名词词组+and...相当于一个条件句+and...,其句意:如果再说句话,我就会把你打倒。15.C 16.D 17.D 18.B
19.B 20.B。并列句也可以用分号来连接。
19、20题就是并列句,所以都选用it。答案
1—5 BCCCD6---10 CBABC11---15 CCBCB16---20 ABCBD 简单句部分
1-5AAADA6-10ACDCD 并列句部分
CCBAB6-10DCABA
第四篇:初中英语中简单句的九大基本句型
初中英语中简单句的九大基本句型
一、简单句的九大基本句型
1.“主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析:“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。2.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。例:I study English.分析:“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
3.“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。例:Our teacher taught us English.分析:“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)“英语”(直接宾语)。4.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。例: He asked her to go there.分析:“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语—补充说明宾语应做什么)。
5.“主语 + have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语,即有形或无形的资源)”。例: You have a nice watch.你有一块漂亮的手表 分析:“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表,即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。6.“There + be + 主语+ „”(即“存在”句型)这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。例:There is a bird in the tree.在树上有一只鸟。分析:“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。7.“主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。例: I am a teacher.我是一名老师 分析:“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。She felt very tired.她感觉到很累。
He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。
You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白,病了吗? 8.比较句型
这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。1)相等比较: „as + 形容词/副词原级 + as„;„as + 形容词+名词 + as„
例:He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。
例:He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多 2)劣等比较: „less + 形容词/副词原级 + than „ 例:He is less careful than she.他没她细心。
3)优等比较:„+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than„;„the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two„ 例:She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。
例: He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。
4)最高级:the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ {of(among)+ 人或物}{in + 场所} 例: He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。9.“it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”(即评价句型)这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句)例:It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
分析:本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。
巩固性练习
请判断下列句子的结构类型 1.He is running.2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.4.She seemed angry.5.My father bought me a beautiful present.6.Why do you keep your eyes closed? 7.Will you tell us an exciting story? 8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.10.Can you push the window open? 答案:
1.主语---动词
2.主语---动词---宾语---补语 3.主语---动词---宾语---宾语
4.主语---动词----表语 5.主语---动词---宾语---宾语
6.主语---动词---宾语---宾语 7.主语---动词---宾语---补语
8.主语---动词---宾语---补语 9.主语---动词---宾语---补语
10.主语---动词---宾语---补语
初中英语关联指代句型归纳
1.两项关连I have two books, one is Chinese;the other is English.I have five books, one is Chinese;the others are English.To say is one thing, but/and/ to do is another.One the one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also you friend.Some like to play football, others are fond of basketball.2.先后顺序
First/firstly, I wish good health, second/secondly success in your study, third/thirdly good luck in everything.First stop, then look, finally cross.At first/in the beginning/ he word hard.Later/Afterwards he is not so diligent.3.修饰限制
This is the same book as I lost yesterday.This is the same book that I lost yesterday.(同一本书)Don’t trust such a man as over praise you.He/One/Those/They who should come failed to appear.A man/A person/The one/Anyone/People who saw her liked her very much.The day/time/moment will come when China is strongest in the world.4.两项连接
He can speak not only English but also French.The book is both interesting and instructive.It is neither cold nor hot.Please either come in or go out.The old worker has experience and knowledge as well.5.加和关系
Besides literature, we have grammar and writing.Apart from oxygen, there are some other gases in the air.In addition to “if”, there is many other conjunctions that can introduce conditional clauses.You seem to like tea, so do I.英语五个基本句型
1.S + Vi(主语+不及物动词)Time flies.1)S + V + adverbial(主语+不及物动词+副词)Birds sing beautifully.2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(主语+不及物动词+介词短语)He went on holiday.3)S + Vi+ Infinitive(主语+不及物动词+动词不定式)We stopped to have a rest.4)S + Vi+ Participle(主语+不及物动词+分词)I'll go swimming.2.S + Vt + O(主语+及物动词+宾语)We like English.1)S + VT + N/Pron(主语+及物动词+名词/代词)I like music.I like her.2)S + VT + infinitive(主语+及物动词+不定式)I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有:attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。
3)S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive(主语+及物动词+特殊疑问词+不定式)I don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有:ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。4)S + VT + Gerund(主语+及物动词+动名词)I enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有:admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。5)S + VT + That-clause(主语+及物动词+宾语从句)I don't think(that)he is right.常用于这句型的动词有:admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind, notice, propose, request, report, say, see,show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder。3.S+link v+ P(主语+联系动词+表语)We are Chinese.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1)表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look等。2)表转变变化的动词,become,come,fall,get, go,grow, turn, ,等。3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。4)半系动词,appear, prove,seem等。1)S + Lv + N/Pron(主语+联系动词+名词或代词)He is a boy.This is mine.2)S + Lv + Adj(主语+联系动词+形容词)She is beautiful.3)S + Lv + Adv(主语+联系动词+副词)Class is over.4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase(主语+联系动词+介词短语)He is in good health.5)S + Lv + Participle(主语+联系动词+分词)He is excited.The film is interesting.4.S + VT+ In O + D O(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)I give you help.1)S + VT + N/Pron + N(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+名词)I sent him a book.I bought May a book.2)S + VT + N/Pron + to/for-phrase(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+to/for短语)He sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有:allow, bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有:bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏),save, sing, spare等。
5.S+ VT+ O + O C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)I make you clear.1)S + VT + N/Pron + N(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+名词)We named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有: call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name,。2)S + VT + N/Pron + Adj(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+形容词)He painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有:beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。
3)S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+介词短语)She always keeps everything in good order.4)S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+动词不定式)I wish you to stay.I made him work 常用于这句型的动词有:a)不定式带to的词:advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不带to的词:feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。5)S + VT + N/Pron + Participle(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+分词)I heard my name called.I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有:catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。6)S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive He show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有:advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
7)S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause /Wh-Clause(主语+及物动词+名词或代词+宾语从句)He told me that the film was great.He asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有:assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm,advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
第五篇:日语简单句
こんにちは。(kon ni ji wa)你好。
こんばんは。(kon ban wa)晚上好。
おはようございます。(o ha you go za i mas)早上好。
お休(やす)みなさい。(o ya su mi na sai)晚安。
お元気(げんき)ですか。(o gen ki de s ka?)您还好吧,相当于英语的“How are you”,一种打招呼的方式。
いくらですか。(i ku la de s ka?)多少钱?
すみません。(su mi ma sen)
不好意思,麻烦你„。相当于英语的“Excuse me”。用于向别人开口时。
ごめんなさい。(go men na sai)对不起。
どういうことですか。(dou iu ko to de su ka?)
什么意思呢?
山田さんは中国語(ちゅうごくご)が上手(じょうず)ですね。
(ta na ka san wa jiu go ku ko ga zyou zu de su ne)
山田的中国话说的真好。
まだまだです。(ma da ma da de s)没什么。没什么。(自谦)
どうしたの。(dou si ta no)
どうしたんですか。(dou si tan de su ka?)发生了什么事啊。
なんでもない。(nan de mo nai)没什么事。
ちょっと待ってください。(jou to ma te ku da sai,可以简单地表达为:jou to)
请稍等一下。
約束(やくそく)します。(ya ku so ko si ma s)
就这么说定了。
これでいいですか。(ko na de i i de su ka?)这样可以吗?
けっこうです。(ke kou de s)もういいです。(mou i i de s)不用了。
どうして。(dou si de)なぜ(na ze)为什么啊?
いただきます(i ta da ki ma s)那我开动了。(吃饭动筷子前)
ごちそうさまでした。(ko ji sou sa ma de si ta)
我吃饱了。(吃完后)
ありがとうございます。(a li ga to go za i ma s)
谢谢。
どういたしまして。(dou i ta si ma si de)别客气。
本当(ほんとう)ですか。(hon dou de su ka?)
真的?
うれしい。(so ne si i)我好高兴。(女性用语)
よし。いくぞ。(yo si。i ku zo)好!出发(行动)。(男性用语)
いってきます。(i te ki ma s)我走了。(离开某地对别人说的话)
いってらしゃい。(i te la si yai)您好走。(对要离开的人说的话)
いらしゃいませ。(i la si yai ma se)欢迎光临。
また、どうぞお越(こ)しください。(ma ta、dou zo o ko si ku da sai)
欢迎下次光临。
じゃ、またね。(zi ya ma ta ne)では、また。(de ha ma ta)再见(比较通用的用法)
信(しん)じられない。(sin zi la ne nai)真令人难以相信。
どうも。(dou mo)
该词意思模糊。有多谢、不好意思、对不起等多种意思,可以说是个万能词。
あ、そうだ。(a、sou da)
啊,对了。表示突然想起另一个话题或事情。(男性用语居多)
えへ?(e he?)表示轻微惊讶的感叹语。
うん、いいわよ。(on i i wa yo)恩,好的。(女性用语,心跳回忆中藤崎答应约会邀请时说的:))
ううん、そうじゃない。(on sou zi ya nai)不,不是那样的。(女性用语)
がんばってください。(gan ba te ku da sai)请加油。(日本人临别时多用此语)
がんばります。我会加油的。
ご苦労(くろう)さま。辛苦了。(用于上级对下级)
お疲(つか)れさま。
辛苦了。(用于下级对上级和平级间)
どうぞ遠慮(えんりょ)なく。请别客气。
おひさしぶりです。しばらくですね。好久不见了。
きれい。
好漂亮啊。(可用于建筑,装饰品,首饰,画,女性的相貌等等,范围很广)
ただいま。
我回来了。(日本人回家到家门口说的话)
おかえり。
您回来啦。(家里人对回家的人的应答)
いよいよぼくの本番(ほんばん)だ。总算到我正式出场了。(男性用语)
関係(かんけい)ないでしょう。这和你没关系吧?(对八卦的人常用的一句话)
電話番号(でんわばんごう)を教えてください。
请告诉我您的电话号码。
日本語(にほんご)はむずかしいことばがはなせませんが、やさしいことばがなんとかはなせます。
日语难的说不上来,简单的还能对付几句。
たいへん!不得了啦。
おじゃまします。
打搅了。到别人的处所时进门时说的话。
おじゃましました。
打搅了。离开别人的处所时讲的话。
はじめまして。初次见面请多关照。
どうぞよろしくおねがいします。请多关照。
いままでおせわになにました。いままでありがとうございます。多谢您长久以来的关照。(要离开某地或跳槽时对身边的人说的。)
お待たせいたしました。让您久等了。
別(べつ)に。
没什么。当别人问你发生了什么事时你的回答。
冗談(じょうだん)を言わないでください。请别开玩笑。
おねがいします。
拜托了。(如果是跪着时说这句话,那意思就是“求求您了”)
そのとおりです。说的对。
なるほど。(nanukodo)原来如此啊。
どうしようかな どうすればいい 我该怎么办啊?
やめなさいよ。住手。
先生(せんせい)でさえわからないだから、まして学生(がくせい)のわたしならなおさらである。
连老师都不会,况且是学生的我那就更不用提
了