第一篇:寒夜客来茶当酒——咏梅诗赏析
寒夜客来茶当酒
——咏梅诗赏析
寒夜客来茶当酒,竹炉汤沸火初红;寻常一样窗前月,才有梅花便不同。——杜耒《寒夜》
咏梅的诗词有好多,最著名的有陆游的“无意苦争春,一任群芳妒,零落成泥碾作尘,只有香如故。”印象中李清照的较多:“雪里已知春信至,寒梅点缀琼枝腻。......莫辞醉,此花不与群花比。”“年年雪里,常插梅花醉,挪尽梅花无好意,赢得满衣清泪!今年海角天涯,萧萧两鬓生华。看取晚来风势,故应难看梅花。”咏梅,一般取其傲和苦寒,是一种苦境。
初看到这首诗,觉得是咏茶,也觉得是在写梅花的。慢慢品味,呵呵却觉得更恰当的诗写友情。寒夜朔风,拥被难眠,突有故人到访,披衣而起,倒屐相迎。然厨无余肴,柜无陈酿,铲雪融水,发火煮茶。舍外雪压寒枝悄然自坠,竹炉里松炭星火四溅有声,釜中茶汤鱼眼乍现,此时风宁月朗,更有数点疏梅映窗,又是另一种境界。
其实月也寻常,梅也寻常,只是有朋远来心绪不寻常罢了。呵呵,想想远方朝思暮想的人寒夜而来,是何种心情?这不关乎寒舍,不关乎陈酿香茗、红泥火炉、也不关乎明月 1
寒梅暗香浮动,只关乎情感与心的交流。相由心生,想你的时候,只愿是薄草间的一只流荧,夜夜为你提着凝血的灯,只盼在你黑色夜空下有了亮光;只愿是细枝粗干,勾花点蕊的梅花,春去花落飘无痕。
晚来天欲雪,能饮一杯无?
第二篇:琴、棋、书、画、诗、酒、花、茶
善琴者通达从容,善棋者筹谋睿智,善书者至情至性,善画者至善至美,善诗者韵至心声,善酒者情逢知己,善茶者陶冶情操,善花者品性怡然。-之一-琴,弦底松风诉古今。红尘里,难觅一知音。-棋,颠倒苍生亦是奇。黑白子,何必论高低。-书,沉醉东风月下读。柴门闭,莫管客来无。-画,纤手松烟染素纱。盈盈写,茅舍两三家。-诗,漱玉含芳锦绣辞。堪吟咏,佳句费寻思。-酒,与尔同销万古愁。杯斟满,莫教泪空流。-花,驿外桥边萼绿华。随风起,辛苦向天涯。--之二-琴,一曲长弹发自心。音传出,何处有知音?-棋,百战千回制敌奇。施谋略,方寸决雄雌。-书,写下人之过往初。磨研墨,笔动似游鱼。-画,世代丹青有大家。虫鱼鸟,竹菊岁寒花。-诗,豪放情柔各自思。皆言志,风骨汉时碑。-酒,一杯魂消可忘忧。刘郎醉,美名博千秋。-花,四季常开竟芳华。千般秀,堪比女娇姱。-之三-琴,笑傲江湖任我心。逍遥唱,山水是知音。-棋,黑白分明乱里奇。闲花坠,落子莫迟疑。-书,铁马金戈剑气舒。回旋处,拾翠步摇珠。-画,漠漠烟云老树鸦。炊烟袅,菊绕竹篱家。-诗,妩媚豪情醉舞时。飞花影,绽笑杏花枝。-茶,绿意萦心暂忘忧。芬芳冽,千里望清秋。-花,难觅归鸿暮霭霞。蒹葭白,绮梦飞天涯。-之四-琴,弦韵凝丝雅致心。舒耳乐,泛意酬知音。-棋,闲争棋子战劲敌。马换炮,盾甲酿战机。-书,泼墨挥毫洒丽珠。境意出,隽永雅鸿儒。-画,笔移山川乾坤大。妙笔下,更生灵秀花。-诗,仄韵律声赋藻辞。灵言志,更显巧心思。-酒,豪饮一壶太白酒。江湖路,笑傲天涯走。-茶,赏月中秋共饼夸
第三篇:琴、棋、书、画、诗、酒、花、茶
琴、棋、书、画、诗、酒、花、茶
善琴者通达从容,善棋者筹谋睿智,善书者至情至性,善画者至善至美,善诗者韵至心声,善酒者情逢知己,善茶者陶冶情操,善花者品性怡然。-
-------之六-琴,高山流水久不闻。伯牙韵,相知识知音。-棋,身陷局中竟惘迷。惊回首,盘外解危机。-书,闭户挑灯证书橱。韦编断,勤学作大儒。-画,锦绣河山藏笔下。墨彩间,风情传万家。-诗,写尽愁多小卷湿。无相寄,心寸两能知。-酒,巨饮千杯诗百首。论英雄,煮酒说曹刘。-茶,晓汲清昏到日斜。千愁遣,岂必醉流霞。
第四篇:黄庭坚咏茶诗的禅茶意境赏析
黄庭坚咏茶诗的禅茶意境赏析
摘 要:北宋著名诗人黄庭坚是一位深受禅宗思想影响的佛学爱好者,同时也是宋代品茶赏茗风尚的代表人物。在其流传于世的咏荼诗中,有不少篇章都渗透着禅茶审荚的意境,将宋代禅茶文化的特色展现无遗。
关键词:黄庭坚;味荼诗;禅茶一味;懦释兼修
禅茶的说法,来源很久。从最初,茶作为僧人日常修心养性生活中不可或缺的调剂饮品:到在佛事实践过程中,佛教徒逐渐在禅宗精义与茶道之间找到越来越多的思想内涵方面的共通之处:禅茶就是在这样的基础上产生了。茶清静纯洁的品质内涵与妙香流溢的佛法禅机相映生辉,茶的自然屑性被赋予宗教理想精神:再加上禅宗道场赵州古佛的“吃茶去“公案,和禅宗高僧圆悟克勤的“禅茶一味”之说,吃茶已然成为成为禅宗修行者修身养性。开启智慧的常缘之法。
北宋文人多喜参禅,其广泛性甚至引发了文人居士阶层的出现。而出生于禅宗圣地江西的黄庭坚更是深受濡染,他曾自称是”是僧有发,似俗无空,作梦中梦,悟身外身”。同时黄庭坚的老家江西修水恰恰又是宋代非常出名的“双井茶”的产地,这种尚茶爱茶的氛围不能不成为黄庭坚艺术世界的重要构成部分。禅、茶两种包含丰富内涵的文化集中在一个才华横溢的诗人身上,必然谱写出溢满茶香禅味的美妙佳句。
一、一盏一叶有禅思
黄庭坚所在的江西是南宗禅的圣地,而其出生地江西修水,位于洪州境内,是洪州禅的主要传播地区。洪州禅的根本特点是“触类是道而任心”,即“平常心是道”。也就是参习者所须体悟之道来自于与日常生活直接相联系的现实之心,这一现实之心即真即妄,又非真非妄。这种引导参禅者将禅与个人的日常生活、行为、意念、感情融合成一体的方法,将禅法与茶事联系在了一起。黄庭坚对茶和茶事都是比较熟悉的,他在(寄新茶与南禅师)中说到“筠焙熟香茶,能医病眼花。因甘野夫食,聊寄法王家。石钵收云液,铜鉼煮露华。一瓯资舌本。吾欲问三车”。作者先提到茶的提神明目的功效。并以谦逊的语气,表达出对佛门以及高僧的尊敬和仰慕之情,只有以茶趣的清雅才能配得上佛门的幽远:第三联的歌咏中,写“石钵”和“铜鉼”这种简单质朴的禅门器皿盛有的清茶,却堪称仙界玉露,令人回味。而“一瓯资舌本,吾欲问三车”无疑是借品茶来叩问掸机佛性,将饮茶与问道巧妙地融合为了一体,这其中“三车”是典型的佛门术语,以三车喻三乘。谓以羊车喻声闻乘(小乘),以鹿车喻缘觉乘(中乘)以牛车喻菩萨乘(大乘)。这种在日常生活中时时处处体验禅意,一举一动不忘修身的生活态度也是当时的上层社会士大夫们的生活常态和情趣,正如司马光所谓“近来朝野客,无座不谈禅”。
再来看看这首((今岁官茶极妙而难为赏音者戏作两诗用前韵)其二):“乳花翻碗正眉开,时苦渴羌冲热来。知味者谁心已许,维摩虽默语如雷。”茶色可以赏静赏悦情,茶汤可以解渴清心,更要紧的是茶味可以沁人脾胃,点神净思,恰如知已的精神交流,不着多语,便可醍醐灌顶,心领神会。在这里,黄庭坚略带戏谑地用到了一个佛教典故:“时维摩诘默默无言,文殊师利叹日:‘善哉,善哉,乃至无有文字,语言,是真人不二法门,”((维摩诘经二))。禅宗参悟讲究的是顿悟,直指人心,不立文字,不求言语惊人。不求行为出脱,只要求内心深处的与佛法真义的相知音,这恰如品茶,甘苦自知,冷暖有觉,只可意会不可言传。黄庭坚已经习惯于把饮茶的惬意妙感同习禅的灵思巧悟自然联系在一起,构成自己日常生活情趣的一个重要组成成分,这样一来,所有的茶事都可成为佛事,一壶一盏,一叶一水皆可人禅。
二、清茗涤荡得禅心
禅与诗都重视内心体验。重视妙悟、启示和象喻。追求言外之意,在思维方式和表达方法上有许多共通之处,而这种精神层次上的融会贯通再借助高雅清幽的茶事体验进行表达,便形成了从容深邃的安寂清空的境界。
惠山泉是宋代文人广为传颂的烹茗佳源,曾获得过不少赞颂,被称为“人间第二泉”o,而在黄庭坚笔下,呈现的是“锡谷寒泉椭石俱,并得新诗虿尾书。急呼烹鼎供茗事,晴江急雨看跳珠。
是功与世涤膻腴,令我屡空常晏如。安得左幡清颍尾。风炉煮茗卧西湖”。((谢黄从善司业寄惠山泉))佳泉烹茗,不仅解得苦读疲累,更可涤得肺腑肝肠,使一颗世俗困顿÷之心暂能洗却红尘污垢,求取真全。全篇并未直接强调对佛教经义的引申和体悟,但文中时时渗透出来的“清心”。“别世”,“忘怀”等理念,哪一个不是饱含了对包括禅宗在内的佛学义理的精髓的吸收呢?这种体悟或许也和当时士人所受的思想影响一样,不免混杂了道家的出世清修意念,但其中超尘况我的境界则更多是“苦、静、凡、放”的掸茶思想的忠实体现。
不过如果在禅茶文化中仅仅是体验到超然物外,不问世事的“养性”,这显然不符合宋代文人,尤其是北宋文人的心志,事实上,宋代诗学创作在思考的时候。探讨对象往往从纯粹的审美感悟体验到在诗歌中沉淀自己的思索,最后还扩展到诗人应该具备的胸襟怀抱。只有这种意境最终得以构成的时候,用禅家的话头来比况,这才可以“截断众流”“究竟了义”。
在这里可为佐证的是<奉同六舅尚书咏茶碾煎烹之一):“要及新茶碾一杯,不应传宝到云来。碎身粉骨方馀味,莫厌声喧万壑雷,”以及<谢人惠茶):“一规苍玉琢蜿蜒,藉有佳人锦缎鲜。莫笑持归淮海去,为君重试大明泉。”前者在吟咏冲泡茶汤的过程中,吐露丁对茶饼“碎身粉骨”方“得余味”现象所蕴含的人生道理的慨叹,后者则抛却往日咏茶诗歌的日常闲情调侃,用“苍玉„锦缎”作比,接着借用“淮海”的象征意味,寄寓了作者内心忽然掀起的高慨之情,而“为君重试大明泉,里不经意间流露的适意与慷慨旷达。则一改旧绪,充盈着胸怀万物的阔大心境。
掸茶之所以广为后世士人所喜爱所接受融会,是因为这种结合了静修与清饮的范式,不仅给人们提供了感悟生命内涵的思想方法。,还形成一种高度雅化的生活方式。宋代文人在忙碌纷杂的官场生活之余,可以随时借啜饮投身于掸宗的修习,自然能够放松心境,体会良多。
三、禅儒并化茶香里
作为饱读诗书,学富五车的大文学家,黄庭坚受到的教育自然还是以正统儒家思想为主,所以他的大部分诗歌创作还是寄托于非禅宗的文学典故。但有趣的是,他在咏茶诗中却常常喜欢巧妙地把掸家故事的佛法精神与儒门文典的文士情怀融合在一起。
(赠郑交)算是黄庭坚比较著名的一首咏茶诗了:“高居大士是龙象,草堂丈人非熊罴。不逢坏衲乞香饭,唯见白头垂钓丝,鸳鸯终日爱水镜,菡萏晚风雕舞衣。开径老禅来煮茗,还寻密竹迳中归。”此首诗歌将禅宗塞象和儒家典故融合在一起,“大士,是佛教中称呼得道高人的词语,而“龙象”一词更是寓意负荷大法者,然而作者的对句中则是著名的周文王梦熊典故,而白头钓翁形象更是中国古典诗歌中寄托仕隐忧思的常用意象。衲衣香饭的佛教情味,并不妨碍体味垂钓滩头的文士襟怀,整首诗歌既充满着对有高深造诣的禅师的深深敬意,也贯通着儒士自身优雅潇洒的审美追求,读经读史,通过科举进入仕途,这是文士阶层实现政治理想抱负的必由之路,在(以双井茶送孔常父)中,黄庭坚花费大量篇幅清晰地层现了宋代文人居士的勤勉治学和丰富文化积累:“校经同省并门居,无日不闻公读书。故持茗碗浇舌本,要听六经如贯珠”;儒家六经要义的领悟和贯通是成为饱学之士的必要修养,沁人心脾的清茶就是赠给友人作为读经闲暇调剂的最佳饮品。不过汤茶还可以“作魔应午寝”,从而能够“慰公渴梦吞江湖”。“作魔”即是佛家常用语,常借指参佛者因修行自持不够,而受到外在或者内心不良影响,进入了背离正法之道的精神状态。在此诗里,“作魔”却是被拿来作为文士梦中意象,从而形成生动的比喻煮象,整个诗歌儒释典故的转换使用没有丝毫的违和感,显然与现实中文士儒释兼修的多元知识储备是分不开的。
究其所以,茶与禅两种文化最终能够融合为一种更高层次的新的文化,其原因是多方面的,茶与禅宗“平常心是道”的宗教理念的相通,使禅味茶味,在自然平常的生活日用中融为一味,作为一个有着丰富经验的好茶者,同时也是一个潜心参禅的佛学爱好者,黄庭坚自然对禅茶有着不同于一般的感悟和体验,虽然在创作过程中,诗人未必是有意将两者合为一体,但是禅与茶对诗人长期的共同浸染,却使得诗人的多首茶诗,皆能窥得禅意,最终形成独特的审美意境。
第五篇:电影当幸福来敲门和阿甘正传的赏析比较英文版
Comparative Analysis of Forrest Gump and The Pursuit of Happyness
A number of classic movies released in 1994, including two very classic movies Forrest Gump and The Shawshank Redemption.Forrest Gump beat The Shawshank Redemption won the 67th Academy Award for Best Picture in 1995.Released in 2006, a movie called The Pursuit of Happyness , as opposed to Forrest Gump is perhaps without the former's reputation, but also bring us moving and inspirational.These two movies are extremely good movies, at least they are the sort of you would never forget it after seeing the movie.And every time after watching the film, there will be different from the previous one feeling.Life is like a box of chocolates.You never know what you're gonna get.Forrest Gump always shows us the best side of life, making us being satisfied with the good life we have now.What is happiness? It’s a bad question to ask.I don’t know, with the actor's words, “I'm the type of person, if you ask me a question, and I don't know the answer, I'm gonna tell you that I don't know.But I bet you what: I know how to find the answer, and I'll find the answer.”
Forrest Gump is the one based on the novel of the same name United States movie.However, the Pursuit of Happyness is based a true story.Protagonist of the story is that today African American investment expert Chris Gardner.Successful interpretation of a bankruptcy, his wife left home abjection salesman, how hard-working single parents fulfill obligations, to make progress to become stock market trader, and finally became known as financial investor’s inspirational story.These two movies have narrator's part and use first person viewpoint description used to connect the plot, explain the picture.In a first-person manner, it is natural to be able to show the hero's mental activity.The movie The Pursuit of Happyness and Forrest Gump after suffering through the protagonist to the brilliant achievements of the description.They are also interpreting the “American Dream”, with a contemporary aesthetic perspective, examine the American sense of happiness.In contemporary social consciousness in the pursuit of happiness, the hero Chris Gardner and Forrest Gump have experienced the complex twists and turns uncanny experiences.In contrast, their search for happiness and the construction of the spiritual home of course there are many similar places.Protagonists are desperate until turn to be happy.They are attached to the pursuit of happiness, is desperate for the appearance.Forrest Gump never met in life, like Chris Garner that kind of living conditions in the workplace: Chris Garner is a clever salesman, despite his diligence, but bad batch of equipment sales.His wife under family pressure, leaving Chris, leaving him alone and his five-year-old son.Because no money to pay the rent, he and his son had been banished from the apartment.Chris found the company in a stock investment opportunity for internships, but no salary during the internship.No income, nowhere to go, they are homeless at night, slept in shelters, subway stations, public bathrooms, all open space for accommodation.No money to buy something to eat during the day, they line up to receive relief food eating barely fill its belly.Poor life frustrating, but for his son's future, for his own faith, always firmly believed that as long as work hard enough today, happiness will come tomorrow!Chris eventually became a successful investment specialist.Chris eventually became a successful investment professionals.Chris Garner more intelligent than Forrest Gump, but his life seems to be more difficult than Forrest Gump's.Just like Forrest Gump, Chris have been running most of the time, Chris garner ran to recover a lost instrument, ran to see customers, ran off taxi driver fare ran to shelter in line.People on the road, which does not run? They ran out of their own lives.You got a dream, you got to protect it.People can't do something themselves, they wanna tell you you can't do it.If you want something, go get it.Period.Life is filled with so much uncertainty.We should be calm, optimistic, and positive to face the life.Perhaps your destiny is not very luck now, but who knows what will happen in the future, just be happy and don’t worry.