定语从句专题

第一篇：定语从句专题

北 京 四 中

定语从句

阎婕

一、什么是定语从句

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。在定语从句中，被修饰的这一名词或代词叫做先行词。在定语从句中的引导词叫做关系词。关系词又分关系代词和关系副词。定语从句是由一个句子作定语，修饰主句中的名词，代词（不管他们是句中的主语，宾语还是表语）或整个主句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出，放在被修饰词后。

二、关系词有哪些

关系词的作用：

1）连接主从句；

2）代表先行词；

3）在定语从句中充当一个成分（主语，宾语，介词宾语，定语，状语或表语）

1.关系代词：which（指sth.），that（指sb.或sth.），who（指sb.作主语或宾语），whom（指sb.作宾语），whose（指sb.或sth.，作定语）

2.关系副词：when（指时间），where（指地点），why（指原因）

关系词的使用：

关系代词：

Who：修饰人，在从句中作主语

Those who are against the plan please put up their hands.The boy who is reading newspapers to us is our monitor.Whom：修饰人，在句中作宾语, 在口语和非正式文体中可省略

The student who(whom)the teacher is talking to is my brother.The student to whom the teacher is talking is my brother.Do you still remember the person whom I introduced to you when I was in Beijing last year? Whose：修饰人，也可修饰物，表示所属关系，在从句中作定语，在修饰物时可以与of which搭配

The girl whose composition was read just now studies very well.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.I live in a room whose window faces south.Please pass me the book whose cover is blue.Please pass me the book the cover of which / of which the cover is blue.Which：修饰物, 有时也可修饰整个主句, 在从句中作主语或宾语, 还可作介词宾语Last week, we visited a factory which produces very good bicycles.I once worked in the factory which my students are going to visit next week.We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.The scientist discovered a new element, which made him famous.That：可修饰人也可修饰物, 在句中作主语或宾语, 因此修饰人时可代替who 或whom, 修饰物时可代替which, 但that 不能直接作介词宾语

Who is the person that is speaking now?

They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.This is the very book that I’ve been longing for.关系副词：

When: 修饰表时间的名词, 如time, hour, day, month, date, year等, 在从句中作时间状语Do you still remember the day when you first came to school?

The first time that I came to school was in 1982.I can’t remember the exact time when(that)I went to visit the Great Hall of the People.是不是所有表示时间的名词作先行词就用when作关系副词呢？

不是的！要具体分析该名词在从句中的成分，如：

The day which / that I can’t forget was my first day at school.I can’t forget the day when I first met him.Where: 修饰表示地点的名词,在从句中作地点状语

It’s the room where I used to live in my childhood.The factory where we worked last year is now being rebuilt.是不是所有表示地点的名词作先行词就用where作关系副词呢？

不是的！要具体分析该名词在从句中的成分，如：

You father once worked in the factory which we visited yesterday, didn’t he?

I often think of the days which I spent together with my classmates.Why: 表原因, 在句中作原因状语从句, 只修饰先行词reason

Do you know the reason why he is absent today?

三、关系代词和关系副词有何区别

主要是它们在从句中所起的作用不同。关系代词在从句中一般作主语或宾语。而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。分清楚这一关系并在做题时想着这个原则，就不会出原则性的错误了。

四、定语从句解题步骤——重点

1.找对先行词。

2.确定先行词在定语从句中的位置，也就是在定语从句中担任何成份。这一点可以帮助我们划分使用关系代词还是关系副词。

eg：This is the place that/which I visited years ago.This is the place where I lived years ago.分析：这两句的先行词都是the place，由于第一句中的先行词在定语从句中作visit的宾语，所以选择关系代词，如果作宾语时关系代词可省略。而第二句的先行词则在定语从句中作状语，因为live是不及物动词，因此选择关系副词where。

3.区别各关系代词的使用。

五、关系代词中的which和that如何区分

在先行词为物情况下，一般情况两者可通用，但也有不可互换的情况。

以下几种情况只用that：

1.先行词all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词

He did all that he can to help me.There is nothing that can be done in this situation.Everything(that)we saw was of great interest to us.I’ve read all the books(that)you gave me.2.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, 等修饰。

3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

The Summer Palace is the most beautiful park that I’ve been to.The first thing that I should do after returning to China is to see my old parents.This is the best novel(that)I have ever read.This is the first composition(that)he has written in English.4.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, the next 修饰时。

That white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the very book that I want to have.The last place that we visited was the chemical works.Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn?

Is this the same tool that you used yesterday?

That white flower is the only one(that)I really like.This is the very book(that)I want to find.The last place(that)we visited was the chemical works.5.有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词，从句应用that,而不是其他。

He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited in Germany.They talked for about half an hour of persons and things that they remembered at school.6.当主句是以who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句多用that,而不用who(whom),which。Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

Who is the man that called on you just now?

Which of the subjects that you are studying is the most difficult.?

只用which 不用that 的情况：

1.在非限定性定语从句中

The bus, which was full, was surrounded by an angry crowd.2.在介词后

This is the room in which planned our future life.Soon we go to a hill at the top of which was a temple.如果介词不前置可用that

The room which / that we live in is very clean and tidy.3.在修饰整个句子时

Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.He tried to make some excuses, which made his teacher very angry.He tried to catch the moon in the water, which was impossible.定语从句练习

单项填空：

从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

1.This is the only one of the students _____ the truth.A.that knowsB.who knows

C.who knowD.which knows

2.Do you know the girl _____?

A.whom he often talk toB.to who he often talks

C.to that he often talksD.he often talks to

3.The world _____ we live is made up of matter.A.on whichB.of which

C.at whichD.in which

4.There are no children _____ love their parents.A.that do notB.who does not

C.thatD.who

5.I’m one of the boys _____ never late for school.A.that isB.who are

C.who amD.who is

6.Abraham Lincoln, _____ led the United States _____ these years, was _____ of the greatest presidents.A.he;for;aB.whom;in;one

C.who;at;oneD.who;through;one

7.Who is the girl _____ wearing a red dress?

A.whoseB.that

C.whomD.that’s

8.The old man _____ yesterday is a scientist.A.I spokeB.I spoke to

C.whom I spokeD.that I spoke to him

9.The young man _____ is an engineer of our factory.A.that you just talkedB.whom you just talked to

C.which you just talked toD.who you just talked

10.The dictionary _____ is sold out in the bookshop.A.you needB.what you need

C.which you need itD.that you need it

11.Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?

A.whichB.where

C.in whichD.what

12.Qingdao is the most satisfactory place _____ we’re going to visit.A.whichB.where

C.thatD.in which

13.The magazine _____ Betty paid one dollar was very good.A.thatB.which

C.for whichD.to which

14.The two things _____ they felt very proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about whichB.of which

C.in whichD.for which

15.He was the man _____ Master of Game was translated.A.by whomB.by who

C.by whoseD.by him

16.This is the museum _____ we visited last week.A.whichB.where

C.whoD.in which

17.Is this museum _____ we are going to visit tomorrow?

A.whichB.that

C.whereD.the one

18.Ahead of me I saw a woman _____ I thought was my aunt.A.whoB.whom

C.of whomD.whose

19.This is the key _____.A.which you are looking forB.for which you are looking

C.for that you are lookingD.you are looking for which

20.The woman _____ is his mother.A.of whom he takes careB.of that he takes care

C.he takes care ofD.whom he takes care

答案：

1—5 ADDAB6—10 DDBBA11—15 ACCBA16—20 ADAAC

难题解析：

17题，要把一般疑问句还原成陈述句，This is museum…由于museum前少了冠词不合英语语法，所以要补充完整就是：This museum is the one we are going to visit tomorrow.因此，得出一般疑问句应该是

Is this museum the one we are going to visit tomorrow?

第二篇：定语从句

2

定语从句

（重庆）24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

（浙江）13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform A.itB.thatC.whatD.which（北京）27.Many countries are now setting up national parks________ animals and plants can

be protected.A.when B.which C.whoseD.where

________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why 3（浙江）5.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom 4（新课标II）I wouldbe staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

（江苏）32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

（天津）6.We have launched another man-made is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what（四川）9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

（上海）38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what（陕西）16.__is often the case with the children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As 10（山东）35.Finally he reached a lonely island ___ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom11（山东）31.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where12（辽宁）34.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which case B.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case 13（江西）33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

（湖南）21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

（福建）27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

（安徽）29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.18.【2012浙江卷】17.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A.which B.who C.where D.whom

19.【2012浙江卷】9.We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A.why B.when C.to whom D.on which

20.【2012江苏卷】22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_______ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what 21.【2012重庆卷】29.Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

22.【2012四川卷】13.In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.A.in whomB.in themC.of whomD.of them

23.【2012陕西卷】14.It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what 24.【2012北京卷】26.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when25.【2012全国II】8.That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

1-5 DBDCB6-10BDAD C11-15 AACB A16-20 DDBBB21-25DCCBB

第三篇：定语从句

高一必修2 Unit1：Cultural relics知识点及课后测试（含答案）

一、非限制性定语从句：

1.让学生在课文中把含有定语从句的句子全部划出来，标上序号。

2.提醒学生从句子的意义和形式方面进行对比，发现两种定语从句的不同点。3.同桌之间交换意见，对两种定语从句的不同点形成初步印象。

4.教师引导学生对这些结论进行归纳分析，结合例句梳理两种定语从句的不同用法。限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句

与主句语意关系紧凑，定语从句不与主句语意关系松散，定语从句拿掉其 能删除 他部分仍可成立 表意

功能 修饰先行词 修饰先行词或整个句子 无逗号与主句分开 有逗号与主句分开

使用时可以用that引导 使用时不能用that引导 形式 关系词做宾语可省 关系词做宾语不可省

as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句 as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.as 和which引导非限制性定语从句的不同：

(1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首、句中和句尾，而which只能放在句末。As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.（2）as有实际意义，可翻译成“正如，正像”而which并无实际意义。常见的搭配有： as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样 as is known to all 众所周知

as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样 as is often the case 情况常常如此 as is hoped 正如希望的

Food prices finally went down, as people had expected.（3）当定于从句是否定句或表示否定时，只能用which He came here very late, which was unexpected.Mr.Smith usually praises his student Rose in public, which she doesn’t like at all.as 引导限制性定语从句（1）常用于下列句式

such+名词+as… 像……一样,像……之类 the same+名词+as… 和……同样的

Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.他所推荐的人是可靠的。I’d like to use the same tool as is used here.我想使用和这里一样的工具。注意：下面两句意思的差别

这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。（不是同一本）这就是我上周读的那本书。（同一本）

二、课文知识点

1.cultural relics 文化遗产

Many unearthed cultural relics were exhibited at the museum.博物馆展出了许多出土文物。2.rare and valuable 珍贵稀有 It is rare to find such a genius nowadays.这样的天才现在很少见。

3.in search of 寻找，寻求 = in search for He's sailed the seven seas in search of adventure.他闯荡七大洋去历险.He went to the south in search for a better future.他为了寻找更好的前途到南方去。4.in the fancy style 以别致的风格 in … style/ in the style of ……以……风格

These clothes are too fancy for me, I prefer plainer ones.这些衣服对我来说有些花哨，我还是喜欢素净些的。5.popular She is popular at school.她在学校里很受人喜欢。

This dance is popular with young people.这种舞很受青年人喜爱。

6.…a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。

decorate with 以...装饰

7.be designed for …为……而设计 by design 故意地

My brother designs to be an engineer.我弟弟立志要当工程师。

This room was originally designed to be my study.这间屋子原预定做我的书房。

His parents designed him for the army, but he preferred the navy.他父母打算要他当陆军，但是他却喜欢当海军。8.belong to 属于

We belong to the same generation.我们属于同代人。9.in return 作为回报/报答/交换

in turn 依次地，轮流的；转而，反过来

10.a troop of 一群He is surrounded by a troop of friends.他被一群朋友围住了。11.become part of… 变成……的一部分 It is part of the way we act.它是我们行为表现的一部分。12.serve as 作为，用作，充当，起作用

The room can serve as a study.这间房子可作书房用。

13.a small reception hall for important visitors 接待重要来宾的小型会客室。

14.Later，Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。have sth done 请/让别人做某事，使得，蒙受某种损失 We had the machine repaired.我们请人把机器修好了。

15.In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。(I was never allowed to do things the way /that/ in which I wanted.我从来不允许按照自己的想法去做事情。)16.Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is missing.可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。I am considering going abroad.我正在考虑出国。I consider it a great honor.我认为这是极大的荣幸。

We consider that the driver is not to blame.我们认为这不是司机的过错。

We consider it(to be)true.=(We consider that it is true.)我们认为这是真实的。a couple of words missing 缺的两三个字 There is a page missing.缺少一页。

Police are combing the woods for the missing children.警察搜遍树林以寻找失踪的孩子.17.be at war 处于战争状态,交战

18.remove some furture and small art objects 把一些家具和小件艺术品搬走 He removed the mud from his shoes.他去掉鞋上的泥。

This old table is a valuable piece of furniture.这张旧桌子是一件很珍贵的家具。19.in less than two days 在不到两天的时间里

20.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for… 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上了运往……的火车。There is no doubt that she will keep her word.毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的.There is no doubt that Taiwan belongs to China.这是毫无疑问的,台湾属于中国。There is no doubt that she is capable of the job.她能胜任这个工作,这是毫无疑问的.21.After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。

it remains to be seen 尚待分晓

The fact remains to be proved.事实尚待证明

remain in呆在家里 remain out呆在外面, 留在户外 These matters remain in doubt.这些事情仍然值得怀疑

He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his way.他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。

Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。22.By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old one.通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片，他们建造的新琥珀屋样子和旧的看起来非常像。23.One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels.一天，他正在一家二手家具商店查找，突然他在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见一个神奇的东西。

24.without doubt 无疑地，确实地

He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught.他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的.25.the UN peace-keeping force 联合国维和部队

26.The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and receiving it.那位老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆开搬走了。take apart 拆卸，拆开

Take apart the pieces before putting the toys away.玩具拿开前先将它拆成一件件的。

27.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在审讯中，法官必须确定哪些目击者可信哪些不可信。28.rather than胜于，而不是 Tom rather than Jack is to blame.该受责备的是汤姆，而不是杰克。I prefer to read rather than sit idle.我宁愿读书而不愿闲坐着。We aim at quality rather than quantity.我们的目的是重质不重量。第4/8页

29.by the light of the moom 借助于月光 30.for oneself 亲自，独自地

One should not live for oneself alone.一个人不应只是为自已活着。

31.To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed 使我感到惊奇的是矿口被封闭了。…….32.I think highly of those who are searching for the Ambe Room.我认为那些在找寻琥珀屋的人们很了不起。

33.Nor do I think they should give it to any government.我也不认为他们会把它交给任何政府。34.do with 处理，忍受，对付 I can't do with his insolence.我忍受不了他那傲慢无礼的态度 What do they do with the coin? 他们是怎样处理这枚硬币的? 35.take notes of 记录，把……记下来

Please take notes of the important while you read.请边读边把重要的事情记下来。

36.Read the information that is provided for the visitors.阅读一下为参观者提供的信息。They provide us with food.他们供给我们食物。

We provided food for the hungry children.我们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。

It's wise to save some money and provide for the future.“积蓄点钱,为将来使用作些准备是明智的。” He has a wife and seven children to provide for.他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子。

37.It will not only give you a chance of practising your English but also of developing an interest in local history at the same time.它不仅给你了练习英语的机会而且在同时也给你了培养对当地历史感兴趣的机会。38.for fun 为了消遣，为了开心 He plays violin just for fun.他拉小提琴只是为了自娱自乐。【练习】 一）填写单词

1.By definition the capital is the political and c_______ center of a country.2.Though he recovered from his illness, he r__________ weak.3.The house b_________ to the old man was built hundreds of years ago.4.Heavily as it rained, we were still out in s________ of the missing boy.5.The school building was d_________ by a famous professor in Beijing, whose s_________ many people prefer.6.I sent her a bike as his birthday g________, and she gave me an mp3 in r_________.7.She stared at herself in the m________ and lost in thought.8.They are twins.No w________ I can not tell them apart.9.He was c_________ to be honest.In fact, the e_________he gave p______ to be false.10.We mustn't _____ to know what we don't know.Please raise your questions if any.第5/8页

二）请根据中文意思完成下列句子。1.长城是世界一大奇迹。The Great Wall is one of the _______ in the world.2.请考虑一下我的建议。Please ____________ my suggestion.3．仅几名士兵没有战死。Only a few soldiers ____________ the battle.4．我偶然在那书店里见到这本珍贵的书。

5．他的绘画受到世界上一些专家的好评。Some experts of the world _______ his paintings.6．他给我们如此多的帮助我想为他做些事作为报答。He has given us so much help that I really wanted to do something _________.7．有很多人出席了这次会议，其中三分之二都是同一个学校的。There are many people present at the meeting, two thirds of whom _________ _______ the same school.8．我们认为他说的不重要。We ___________ what he said unimportant.9．那些男孩去找吃的东西去了。________ 10． 他是个对音乐有天赋的学生。三）单项选择

1.When I left, he _____ me that I should take my recorder to his birthday party.A.remembered B.reminded C.was remained D.asked 2.______ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.A.Besides B.Beside C.Except D.Except for 3.A working party has been set up to ______ this matter.A.look up B.look for C.look into D.look through 4.The had a good preparation for the project, so they had little _____ all the work.A.troubles to finish B.trouble to finish C.difficulty in finishing D.difficulties to finish 5.That dress is such a good _____ that it will be fashionable for years.A.manner B.style C.sort D.model 6.This photo _____ me __________ my childhood.A.reminded;of B.remembered;in C.recalled;in D.remained;into 7.A year later, his friend was appointed as a sales manager, but he _____ a salesman.A.reminded B.still C.worked D.remained 8.Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____ , causing a big ____ in population.A.has been raised;rise B.has been rose;raise C.has raised;rise D.has raised;rose 9.As I felt so much better, my doctor ______ me to take a holiday by the sea.A.suggested B.advised C.considered D.insisted 10.______ decision is made, you must ______.A.Once;carry it out B.when;carry out it C.As soon as;work out it D.After;carry it on 11.I am very grateful for your assistance, and hope that one day I may be albe to do something for you ______.A in turns B.in case C.in return D.in use 12.When you are in ______ about the meaning of the word, you can look it up in a dictionary.第6/8页

A.idea B.talk C.wonder D.doubt 13.I’ve ______ invitation, but I don’t think I’ll______ it.A accepted;received B.received;receive C.taken;accept D.received;accept 四）定语从句专项 1.Do you remember the deer farm we visited two months ago? A.why B.when C.that D.how 2.Anyway, that evening, ______ I’ll tell you more about later, was really terrible.A.when B.where C.that D.which 3.John said he’d been working in the lab for an hour, ______ was true.A.that B.which C.who D.what 4.Anne always spoke highly of her colleagues in the movie, ______, of course, made the others very happy.A.who B.which C.that D.what 5.Chongqing is the city ______ she lived when she was young.A.where B.which C.when D.how 6.Do you know the reasons ______ he came back? A.how B.which C.that D.why 7.The doctor was very impolite to the patient, ______ of course, made things even worse.A.who B.whom C.which D.what 8.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he was likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why 9.I don’t like cars ______ owners park too close to me.A.which B.who C.whose D.of which 10.________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.Which B.That C.As D.Such 11.The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we expected.A.what B.which C.that D.this 12.Charlie Chaplin, ______ childhood was hard, began acting at the age of five.第7/8页

A.who B.whom C.whose D.his 13.We are talking about a subject ______ the importance hasn’t been realized.A.which B.that C.of which D.whose 14.The science of medicine, ______ progress has been very rapid, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.A.which B.that C.in which D.with which Unit1 Cultural relics答案

（一）1.cultural 2.remains 3.belonging 4.search 5.designed, style6.gift, return 7.mirror 8.wonder 9.considered, evidence, proved 10.pretend

（二）1.wonders 2.consider 3.survied 4.rare 5.thought highly of 6.in trturn 7.belong to 8.consider 9.in search of 10.gift

（三）BACCB ADABA CDD 四）

1-5 CDBBA 6-10 DCACC 11-14BCCC

第四篇：定语从句归纳

定语从句（the attributive clause）

一．什么叫定语从句？

一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。二．定语从句的结构及种类

1.结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它

2.种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 三．关系词的分类及关系词

1.关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as 2.关系副词：when，where，why 四．关系词的功用

1.起连接作用，引导定语从句

2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。五．什么是先行词？

被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。六．关系词的用法

1.who 当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。The boy who is standing over there is Tom.He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom 当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose

① 当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.② 当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that

① 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.② 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that.另外，that可以省略。

I like the present(that)my father sent me.③ 当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=who

The boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which 当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that 6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that

① 当先行词为不定代词 something, anything, nothing, everything时

Is there anything that I can do for you? ② 当先行词为不定代词all时

Mr.Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被all, some, any修饰时

These are all the things that I have done today.④ 当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时

This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时 This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥ time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时 This is the last time that I’ll give you pocket money.⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。He is no longer the child that he used to be 20 years ago ⑧ 以 who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。Who is the person that is sitting on the ground ? ⑨ 当先行词包括人和物时。7.下列情况下，关系词只能选which ① 在非限制性定语从句中。

This is my favorite pen, which I bought yesterday.② 先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时 The boy is very polite, which makes his parents happy.③ 当先行词指物，用“介词+which” This is the pen with which I often write.8.as

As 引导定语从句时，有四种情况。As在句中作主语，宾语。

① as 单独引导定语从句。

As we all know(=As is known to us all), Yao Ming is a famous basketball player.② the same …as… 与…一样

I have the same idea as you.③ such… as… 和…一样

Don’t read such a book as you can’t understand.④ as…as… 和…一样

In this library, you can borrow as many books as you can.9.where

① 当先行词是指地点的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选where，where=介词+which

This is the classroom where we study.② 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，只能选that/which.This is the factory that/which makes paper

This is the factory(that/which)we visited yesterday.③ 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能用which

This is the school, which he visited.④ the one 是代词，代替前面的名词，其后的that/which 往往省略。

Is this factory the one you visited?

⑤ 当situation, job, mark, race, point 等模糊概念的名词，关系词在句中作状语时，选where

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.⑥ 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作状语，但定语从句末有介词时，选which。

This is the lab which we do experiments in.10.when ① 当先行词是指时间的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选when，when=介词+which We will never forget the days when we stayed with Mr.Smith.② 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，选that或which。Monday is the day which/that comes before Tuesday.We will never forget the days(that/which)we spent with him.③ 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能选which。

Wednesday is the day, which comes before Thursday.④ one 作替代词，代替前面表示时间的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。That was an exciting moment, one I will remember forever.⑤ time作先行词，前面有序数词或last时，只能选that。Is this the third time that you have been late for school this week? 11.why

① 当先行词是指表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词作状语，选why，why=for which.This is the reason why I didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.② 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词在句中作宾语，选that/which,也可省略。

My parents didn’t believe the reason(that/ which)I give him.七．介词+which/whom 1.介词+which/whom

① 介词的选择根据下面四种情况

a.根据定语从句中的谓语动词

Who is the person with whom you shook hands just now? b.根据定语从句中的形容词

In learning English, he had two things about which he was not sure.c.根据定语从句所修饰的先行词 This is the bike by which I go to school.d.根据句意。

This is the train on which he works.② 如果关系词指人，选whom，如果关系词指物，选which。2.不定代词+of+which/whom 常用的不定代词有：both, neither, either(两者之一)，all, none, many, most, some, any Mr.Li has two sons, both of whom are college students.There are 10.000 books in this library, most of which are interesting.3.数词，分词，百分数+of+which/whom There are 50 students in our class, two thirds of whom are girls.4.the+名词+of+which=whose+名词

He has just bought a magazine, the cover of which(=whose cover)is missing.5.介词+whose+名词 This is our school teaching building, on whose top there is a red flag.八．非限制性定语从句

如果主语和定语从句之间有个逗号，它就是非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性的定语从句的关系词有：which，who, when, where, why, whom, whose.九．分隔性的定语从句

有时定语从句和先行词之间被其他词隔开，把这种从句叫分隔性的定语从句。The days are gone when China used foreign oil.= Gone are the days when China used foreign oil.十．The way 作先行词，引导定语从句的关系词有三种情况：that, in which 省略。

I don’t like the way ___D___ you do things.A.that

B.in which

C.× D.all of the above 十一.One of +the+复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，the only one of +the 复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用单数。

He is one of the teachers in our school who teach well.He is the only one of the teachers in our school who teaches well.十二.在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词。

I, who am your teacher, will help you with everything.He who breaks the school rules should be punished.Those who break the school rules should be punished.Anyone who breaks the school rules should be punished.十三.定语从句和并列句的区别

非限制性的定语从句和主语之间有一个逗号，并列句的结构式单句+并列连词（and, or.so, but）+简单句.I have many friends, all of whom are kind to me.I have many friends and all of them are kind to me.

第五篇：定语从句

定语从句

1.对坚持不懈的人来说没有什么是不可能的。（those）Nothing is impossible for those who persevere.2.众所周知，吸烟有害健康。（As）

As we all know, smoking does harm to one’s health.3.桂林是一座具有两千年历史的城市。（history）Guilin is a city wihich/that has a history of two thousand year.4.你知道他辞职的原因吗？（quit）Do you know the reason why he quitted the job? 5.你们刚才在谈论的那个人已经到我们公司了。（talk）The person(who/whom)you were talking about has arrived at our company.6.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页。（page）This is the page where/in which you can find the answer.7.那位我们去年曾照看过的老太太去世了。（take care of）The old lady who/whom we had taken care of last year passed away.8.他们在原来是一个公园的地方建了一个商场。（shopping mall）They built a shopping mall in a place which/ that used to be a park.9.他给我们讲了许多我们从来没有听说过的有趣的人和事。（hear）

He told us many interesting people and things(that)I have ever seen.10.这部小说很感人，我读过三遍了。（touching）This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.11.这是我见过的最宏伟的建筑了。（ever）

This is the most magnificent building(that)I have ever seen/ 12.我们欢迎任何对舞蹈感兴趣的人参加这次比赛。（welcome）We welcome anyone who is interested in dancing to enter the competition.13.他似乎没领会我的意思，这令我心烦。（grasp）

He seemed no to have grasped what I meant, which made me upset.14.我们再也不能回到那些年轻且无忧无虑的日子了。（days）We can never go back to those days when we were young and care-free.15.他把他所了解到的关于这个新技术的一切都写了下来。（learn）

He wrote down all/everything(that)he had learned about the new technology.16.大学毕业生经常感到很难一毕业就找到工作，他们大多数都没有任何工作经验。（find）

University graduates, most of whom don’t have any work experience, often find it hard to find a job upon graduation.17.医生告诉我他已经没有办法挽救这个病人了。（nothing）The doctor told me that there was nothing he could do to save this patient.18.鲁迅是中国最著名的作家之一，他曾学过医。（study）Lu Xun, who had studied medicine, was one of the most famous writers in China.19.这本珍贵的书在一个二手书店里被找到了，他的封面已经脱落了。（missing）

This precious book, whose cover/ the cover of which is missing, was found in a second-hand bookstore.20.他们在河上建了座木桥，用这个方法他妈呢就能到河对岸与那里的村名进行贸易了。（trade）

21.they built a wooden bridge across the river, by which means they could go to the other side of the river and trade with the villagers there.