Happy Life at a Tavern英语听力

第一篇：Happy Life at a Tavern英语听力

Happy Life at a Tavern

We dined at an excellent inn at Chapelhouse, where Dr.Johnson expatiated on the felicity of England in its taverns and inns, and triumphed over the French for not having, in any perfection, the tavern life.“There is no private house,” said he, “in which people can enjoy themselves so well as at a capital tavern.Let there be ever so great plenty of good things, ever so much grandeur, ever so much elegance, ever so much desire that everybody should be easy, in the nature of things it cannot be: there must always be some degree of care and anxiety.The master of the house is anxious to entertain his guests;the guests are anxious to be agreeable to him;and no man but a very impudent dog indeed can as freely command what is in another's house as if it were his own.Whereas at a tavern there is a general freedom from anxiety.You are sure you are welcome;the more noise you make, the more trouble you give, the more good things you call for, the welcomer you are.No servants will attend you with the alacrity which waiters do, who are excited with the prospect of an immediate reward in proportion as they please.No, sir;there is nothing which has as yet been contrived by man, by which so much happiness is produced as by a good tavern or inn.我们在查普尔壕斯一家极好的小客栈里吃饭，约翰逊博土在那儿详细叙述了英格兰的小客栈和小旅馆的妙处，并得意洋洋地指出法国人没有任何这等完美的小客栈生活。”任何私人住宅，“他说，”都不能使人们象在一家顶好的小客栈里那样舒适愉快。尽管那里好东西应有尽有，尽管屋宇是那样的宏伟，陈设是那样的雅致，尽管主人一心一意要让每个人都感到自由自在，而实标上这是不可能实现的．相反，那里总是有着某种程度的顾虑和急切的心情．屋主人要小心地招待客人，客人要留神地迎合主人．除了非常无礼的鲁莽家伙，决没有人在别人的屋于里会象在自己家里那样可以随心所欲，颐指气使。然而在小客栈里就根本没有这种顾虑了．在这里，你肯定是受欢迎的，你嗓门越大，你越添麻烦，你要的好东西越多，你就越受欢迎。没有一个仆人会象受到小费刺激的店倌那样殷勤地侍候你，因为店倌的侍候越中意，你给小费越慷慨。投有的，先生，在人类迄今所创造的一切事物中，投有什么能象一家优美的乡村小客栈或者小旅馆那样给人们提供那么多的乐趣。

第二篇：英语听力材料

1.Why does Pamela want to have plastic surgery? A.To become a movie actress.B.To become an anchorwoman.C.To become a fashion model.D.To find a white-collar job.2.What surgery has Pamela already had? A.Enlarging her breasts.B.Removing wrinkles from her neck.C.Making her face thinner.D.Making her nose tip more pointed.3.What did Pamela think about beauty and character? A.Beauty is as important as a noble character.B.Beauty is more important than a noble character.C.Beauty is less important than a noble character.D.Beauty and a noble character are less important than ability.4.How do Pamela's parents and boyfriend react to her plastic surgery? A.Her boyfriend is against it while parents are for it.B.Her boyfriend is for it while her parents' opinion is unknown.C.Both her parents and boyfriend are for it.D.Both her parents and boyfriend are against it.5.How long would her new looks last, according to Dr.Carson? A.One to two years.B.Three to five years.C.Nearly a decade.D.Unpredictable.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A.A new beauty queen at the pageant.B.Beauty queen stripped of crown for lying.C.Failure to win the beauty queen title.D.Honesty is the best policy.7.How old was Laura Anness when she last participated in the pageant? A.15.B.24.C.27.D.None of the above.8.Where does Laura Anness actually live? A.Saltah, Cornwall.B.Saltah, Devon.C.Plymouth, Devon.D.Plymouth, Cornwall.9.What did Laura Anness say to explain her lying? A.She developed the habit of lying as a child.B.She did not really lie.C.She wanted to get the 2,000 pound prize.D.She wanted to realize her dream.10.What has Laura Anness lost in the end? A.The 2,000 pound prize.B.A work contract.C.The opportunity to compete at a higher-level contest.D.All of the above.1.What is the main idea of the dialog? A.More attention to one's skin than one's figure.B.Benefits from skincare.C.Seeking expert advice on skincare.D.Seeking expert advice on beauty contests.2.What problem does the woman have? A.She has smallpox.B.She has oily skin.C.She has a lot of wrinkles.D.She has crow's feet around her eyes.3.What does the man advise the woman to do? A.Wash her face with lukewarm water.B.Pat her face dry with a clean towel.C.Pat a cream onto her face.D.All of the above.4.What is the use of the cream? A.To wipe out dirt and oil.B.To remove wrinkles.C.To tighten the skin.D.All of the above.5.What does the man suggest finally? A.To get a facelift every four to six months.B.To get a facelift every four to six years.C.To get a facial every four to six months.D.To get a facial every four to six weeks.1.Why was the door to the balcony wide open? A.The weather was hot.B.It was too moist inside.C.It was too dry inside.D.The scene outside was beautiful.2.Why was the speaker unable to close the windows? A.The window was deformed.B.The wind was too strong.C.He was scared stiff by the loud thunder.D.He was frightened by the lightning.3.How did the speaker manage to close the window? A.He asked his wife to close it together.B.He used a mop to close it.C.He waited until the wind was less strong.D.He waited until the hail was over.4.What did the speaker do after seeing the lightning? A.He closed the window.B.He turned off the TV.C.He turned off the lights.D.He pulled out the electrical plugs.5.What is the sequence of the events? A.Sun—wind—thunder and lightning—sun—hail.B.Sun—hail—thunder and lightning—wind—sun.C.Sun—wind—thunder and lightning—hail—sun.D.Sun—wind—hail—thunder and lightning—sun.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.How many people in the nation has the drought affected since April 8? A.25.95 million.B.18.44 million.C.8.07 million.D.20.88 million.7.What does the Minister of Water Resources think has caused the dry spell? A.Only lower rainfall.B.Only higher temperatures.C.Both lower rainfall and higher temperatures.D.Lower rainfall, higher temperatures and over-farming.8.What measures were the local governments urged to take to provide drinking water in drought-hit areas? A.Artificial precipitation.B.Digging of wells.C.Finding new water sources.D.All of the above.9.How much money has the Central Government allocated for rural drinking water security and small water projects? A.7.5 billion yuan.B.6.4 billion yuan.C.1.1 billion yuan.D.13.9 billion yuan.10.What is the passage mainly about? A.The victory over the drought.B.The disasters caused by the drought.C.The drought and coping measures.D.The drought and its causes.1.What happened to 200 supercarriers in the past 20 years? A.They survived severe storms.B.They lost their ways at sea.C.They were lost with a few survivors.D.They were lost with no survivors.2.What does the woman find surprising? A.Modern technology cannot save supercarriers.B.Modern technology has saved many supercarriers.C.Communications and emergency services have improved fast.D.Communications and emergency services have improved slowly.3.Which of the following is true of the helicopter? A.It was blown into the sea.B.It sank with the supercarrier.C.It saved a few people on the supercarrier.D.It saved the supercarrier.4.What happened to the oil-drilling rig off Canada's coast? A.The workers escaped.B.A lot of people died.C.The rig was overturned.D.The rig exploded.5.What is the main idea of the dialog? A.Tsunami—the most destructive disaster at sea.B.Rogue waves—the most powerful sea waves.C.Mysteries of sea disasters.D.The fate of different super-carriers.1.What may workaholics do? A.They bring work home.B.They keep working until after midnight.C.They bend over their work on weekends.D.All of the above.2.Which of the following does the speaker recommend doing? A.Concentrating on one thing a week.B.Concentrating on one thing a day.C.Concentrating on one thing at a time.D.Doing just a few things at a time.3.What should one do first according to the passage? A.What is important.B.What one understands.C.What is easy.D.What is difficult.4.What does the speaker say about working at home? A.One should not bring too much work home.B.One can work in the living room if one has a home office.C.One should not bring confidential files home.D.One should work only within the usual working hours.5.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.Bad habits of workaholics.B.Tips for workaholics.C.Good habits of a devoted worker.D.Cultivation of a devoted worker.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.Why does the speaker mention “football”? A.It is more popular than basketball.B.It is less popular than basketball.C.It is an example of the importance of teamwork.D.It is an example of the importance of physical strength.7.Which of the following is the reason that team spirit is being increasingly valued in modern society? A.Today's society is a self-sufficient one.B.Today's society is no longer a self-sufficient one.C.Individualism is increasingly valued throughout the world.D.Team sports have become increasingly popular in modern society.8.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the product of cooperative efforts? A.A pot of flowers.B.A loaf of bread.C.An article of clothes.D.A transportation means.9.Why kind of people do companies today especially want to employ according to the dialog? A.Skilled workers.B.Computer experts.C.Good Football players.D.Good team players.10.According to the passage, why should we learn to cooperate with each other? A.To meet the needs of personal development.B.To meet the needs of the complex society.C.Both A and B.D.Neither A nor B.1.What does the man mean by saying “No one has a good enough memory to be a successful liar”? A.With a good memory you will be a successful liar.B.If the listener has a bad memory, you will succeed in lying.C.If you lie, you will forget what you said and be found out.D.If you remember your lie well, nobody can see through it.2.Why did the man call the woman into his office? A.To praise her good appearance.B.To give her money.C.To reprimand her for being late.D.To reprimand her for telling a lie.3.What is the woman? A.A secretary.B.An assistant manager.C.The office manager.D.The accountant.4.What does the man say he has noticed over the past year? A.The woman has grown lazier.B.The woman has become more interested in money.C.The woman has grown prettier.D.The woman has improved her work.5.What does the dialog say about the training courses? A.The woman has paid a lot to attend them.B.The man has paid a lot to attend them.C.They have improved the woman's work.D.They have turned out to be a failure.1.What did the Mexican fisherman say when advised to stay out longer and catch more fish? A.He was tired.B.He could not find more fish.C.He had caught enough fish for his family's immediate use.D.He had caught enough fish for his family's long-term consumption.2.Which of the following is the sequence of actions the American suggests for the Mexican? A.Selling to the factory—owning a factory—owing a fleet of boats B.Owing a fleet of boats—selling to the factory—owning a factory C.Owing a fleet of boats—owning a factory—selling to the factory D.Selling to the factory—owing a fleet of boats—owning a factory 3.What did the American suggest the Mexican could finally do to make millions of dollars? A.Expand his fleet.B.Expand his factory.C.Sell more fish to the middleman.D.Sell his company's stock to the public.4.What did the American advise the Mexican to do after the latter had made millions of dollars? A.Lead a leisurely life.B.Lead a colorful life in Mexico City.C.Lead a profitable life in Los Angeles.D.Follow an MBA program.5.What does the Mexican's final answer imply? A.Playing with one's children is more fun than drinking wine.B.Drinking wine is more fun than playing the guitar.C.It is not worthwhile to work hard to expand one's business.D.It is a good idea to work hard to make plenty of money.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.What is the speaker's attitude towards frequent job-hopping? A.Highly positive.B.Slightly positive.C.Neutral.D.Negative.7.According to some people, how may people benefit from moving from job to job every few years? A.They may have more opportunities to move upward in responsibility.B.They may keep their skills up to date.C.Both A and B.D.Neither A nor B.8.According to the speaker, what may happen to people who stick to one job at one company? A.They may have opportunities for promotion.B.They may lose opportunities for promotion.C.They will be looked down upon by colleagues.D.They may be considered professionally incompetent.9.According to the speaker, what is the second disadvantage for people who change their jobs too often? A.They may be considered dishonest.B.They may be considered professionally incompetent.C.They may be considered not clever enough.D.They may be considered too ambitious.10.What does the speaker finally say about people who change their jobs too often? A.They may have a good team spirit.B.They are unlikely to be self-centered.C.Both A.and B.D.Neither A.nor B.1.How soon can they move into the new office? A.Before July 1st.B.After July 1st.C.Before August 1st.D.After August 1st.2.When will the new company probably start operating? A.Before mid-July.B.After mid-July.C.Before mid-August.D.After mid-August.3.What experience did the woman have? A.She always bought new equipment.B.She assisted her former boss in marketing.C.She was in charge of finance only.D.She did marketing and finance on her own.4.What will the woman do first on Monday morning? A.Buy new equipment.B.Call the art people.C.Hand in her marketing plan.D.Write a marketing plan.5.What has the man done about recruiting people? A.He has employed some R & D experts.B.He has found some candidates for the company's R & D section.C.He has employed some art people.D.He has found some candidates for the company's art work.1.Those who concealed their anger or quickly became irritable were 50 percent more likely than the average person to have an early heart attack.A.True B.False 2.The study by Patricia Carson and her colleagues involved over 1,000 subjects who were followed for an average of 36 years.A.True B.False 3.The questionnaire collected information on how the subjects reacted to pressure or stress.A.True B.False 4.By age 76, nearly two thirds of those who were classified as most angry had developed cardiovascular disease at an average age of 56.A.True B.False 5.Carson concludes that the most important thing angry young men can do is to go to a quiet room to calm themselves down.A.True B.False

1.At the beginning the man wants to have his hair styled.A.True B.False 2.The woman beautician tries to offer the man the complete service.A.True B.False 3.The man asks for a mirror because he suspects too much hair has been cut off.A.True B.False 4.Finally the man has short, yellow hair.A.True B.False 5.Now that the man has a fashionable hair style, he will go to the job interview with confidence.A.True B.False

1.Skiing is close to nature though crowds tend to make too much noise.A.True B.False 2.Every year forty or fifty skiers break their legs.A.True B.False 3.The woman thinks it is possible and necessary to be prepared for an avalanche.A.True B.False 4.Guides set off explosives to start avalanches, thus making the snow stable.A.True B.False 5.An avalanche beacon is an electronic device that sends a signal if a skier is buried by an avalanche.A.True B.False

1.The office manager offers to show the woman around.A.True B.False 2.The man promises to remove the stack of files from the woman's desk.A.True B.False 3.If the woman needs supplies, she can just let the man know.A.True B.False 4.Although the woman is a newcomer in the office, she is ready to call customers.A.True B.False 5.The woman has to press zero for an outside telephone line.A.True B.False

1.The man switched jobs owing mainly to layoff and company bankruptcy.A.True B.False 2.Now the man is doing a job more or less the same as he did before.A.True B.False 3.It was easy for the man to adjust to the new job amid technological advances and the Internet revolution.A.True B.False 4.According to the man, to keep up with the dramatic changes, one must constantly gather all kinds of information.A.True B.False 5.The man says that a job-seeker should concentrate on work-related classes and should not try to learn about other subjects.A.True B.False

第三篇：英语听力稿

2017年汉阳区中考英语模拟试题(二)听力录音稿

第一节（共4小题，每小题1分，满分4分）

听下面4个问题。每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间作答和阅读下一小题。每个问题仅读一遍。

Text1.What is it in that old box? Text2.Who will come to give us a talk? Text3.How are you going to Washington DC？ Text4.When will the performance start?

第二节（共8题，每小题1分，满分8分）

听下面8段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

Text5.W：May I help you sir? M：Yes.I’d like to try on some sports jackets.I prefer something like the one I wearing.Text6.M: Well, I’d better go home now.It’s been great see you again.W: Oh, it was nice to see you, too.Text7.M: The plane will take off at 9:30.W: So we still have half an hour.Text8.W: John, why don’t you sit down and take a rest?

M: I will be right there after washing the dishes.Text9.M: I heard you got full marks in the exam.Congratulations.W: I’m sure you also did well.Text10.M: Thanks a lot for offering to return these books to the library for me.W: Four books? And I have four of my own to take back, too.Text11.W: Do you mind if I turn the television off?

M: Well, I’m in the middle of watching a program.Text12.M: Can you tell me what the word means?

W: Don’t you have a dictionary?

第三节

听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白听两遍。听下面一段材料，回答13至15题。

M: Hello, Alice!I’m in the park now.I wonder if I could talk to you about our evening party.W: Of course, Jim!Please go ahead.M: When do you think id the best time for the party? W: How about Friday evening? I will be free then.M: Sounds good.However, I might have something else to do then.W: Is Saturday evening OK? It is a great time, too.M: Good.Shall I come to your house to talk about the party tonight? W: Sorry, I’ll be in the office the whole night.So let’s meet there, shall we? M: No problem.听下面一段对话，回答16至18题。

W: Hi, Tony.It’s only 7:10.There is still fifty minutes left for the class.Why are you in a hurry? M: We must arrive at school twenty minutes earlier.That’s one of our school rules.W: Anything else? M: We must wear school uniforms.We aren’t allowed to choose our own clothes.W: Are you allowed to listen to music in the classroom.M: No.But we can listen to music outside the classroom.W: What about reading storybooks? M: We can only do that after class.听下面一段对话，回答19至21题。

M: Wow, so many nice stamps!You must enjoy collecting them, Annie.W: Oh, they aren’t mine.All of them belong to my cousin Tony.M: Tony? Do you mean the boy who used to be lazy? W: Yes, Bill.Now he is working hard at everything.M: Amazing!W: People sure change.M: That’s true.By the way, are you allowed to collect stamps at home? W: No, my parents think I should pay more attention to my studies.Even if any friend came to my house, they would be mad.M: How strict they are!W: Yeah, but they think they are doing good to me.M: I think they might need to change their ideas about teenagers.W: Yes, you’re right.We are not children now.Sometimes they should think about our ideas.听下面一段对话，回答22至25题。

Are you doing anything for Earth Day this year? I think it’s a really good idea.It shows people how they can help the environment.This year we are all going to the Jiufeng Area to do pickup.That means collecting all the trash that people drop, like Coke cans and sweet wrappers and other things like that.We’ll start at 8 am and then pick up litter until about 1 pm.Then we’ll have a huge picnic.It’ll be great.You are supposed to take food and there are places to cook hamburgers and hot dogs and other things.Then we’ll do pickup again until about 3 pm.We’ll have to be very careful to tidy up well after the picnic!

第四篇：英语听力

学生场景

freshman大一学生sophomore大学二年级生, 有二年经验的junior student大三学生senior student大四学生，高年级学生

undergraduate student 本科生graduate student / postgraduate student 研究生

master‘s degree硕士学位bachelor’s degree学士学位

doctor student / doctor candidate 博士研究生 post doctor student博士后

alumni / alumnus（男）毕业生

老师场景

professor教授teaching fellow 讲师assistant

tutor / mentor / director / supervisor 导师president校长faculty全体教职员工

dean 系主任department 系staff全体员工(商店、企业)

上课、选课、听讲座、听报告场景

take/sign up the course选课drop the course 退课

register注册pick up = learncancel取消full报满lecture讲座seminar讨论班

elective course / elective course /optional course选修课

requirement / required course /compulsory必修课

credit学分introductory course初级课程advanced course高级课程

math数学computer course计算机psychology course心理学

physics物理学economics经济学computer science计算机科学

sociology社会学geology地质学chemistry化学

biology生物学biochemistry生物化学science理科

art文科engineering 工科

homework / assignment / projectbook report读书报告presentation课堂发言

reading list书单turn in / hand in hand 上交deadline最后期限

due到期extension延期

essay小论文thesis中论文dissertation大论文

term paper学期报告proposal开题报告

考试场景

Exam

mid-term exam期中考试

finalexam 期末考试

quiz测验

pop quiz不提前通知的考试

grade / score 分数

pass及格

passing grade及格分

failing grade失败

make up exam补考

cheat作弊

图书馆场景

shelf书架stack书库copier复印机

reference room参考书阅览室periodical room期刊阅览室study lounge 自习室reading room阅览室librarian图书管理员

catalogue书目index索引volume卷，宗 library card借书卡writing permission书面许可 book reservation 借书check out外借

overdue

超

期

renew续借fine罚款return还书 put on reserve被限制在馆内阅读magazine杂志journal期刊periodical期刊quarterly季刊current issue现刊back issue过刊author作者subject题目title名字key words关键字

常用地点英语

1.餐馆场景

restaurant餐馆dining hall食堂cafeteria自助餐厅

bar酒吧inn小旅馆，小客栈motel汽车旅馆 fast food快餐店snack food小吃snack bar快餐店

pizza hut必胜客sandwich三明治hamburger汉堡burger king汉堡王French restaurant法式餐厅Italian restaurant意式餐厅

食品：

buffet自助餐salad沙拉soup汤eat soup喝汤soup spoon汤匙sauce汁，酱dessert甜点main dish主菜pudding布丁dressing调味汁doughnut面包圈French bread法式面包a loaf 一条面包toast土司jam果酱apple pie苹果酱

potato chips土豆fish and chipsFrench fries炸薯条yoghourt酸奶steak牛排

soft drink软饮料soda water苏打水orange Juice橘汁mineral water矿泉水lemon juice柠檬wine酒liquor烈酒beer啤酒a cup of beer一杯啤酒

动作：

menu菜单

order dishes点菜 bring me the menu看菜单 recommendation推荐，招牌菜

付账：

pick up the bill买单 I will pick up the table.Let me treat you.Let me foot the bill.It's on me.I will buy the bill.AA制

Let's go fifty-fifty.separate checks split the bill tip小费

Let's go Dutch.各人付自己的帐 2.医院场景 医生：

内科医生physician外科医生surgeon牙科医生dentist

医院的部门名称：

候诊室waiting room急诊室emergency department小诊所clinic 医疗中心health center校医院infirmary

常见的生病症状：

症状symptom感冒catch a cold病愈get over发烧 fever温度temperature咳嗽cough

流鼻涕running nose肚子痛stomachache头痛headache

过敏be allergic to心脏病heart attack骨折fracture脚踝ankle流血bleeding

常见的设施：

体检check up / physical examination 体育锻炼physical education

常见的药品：

阿斯匹林aspirin药品medicine剂量dosage吃药 take the pill药方 prescription打针 injection抓药fill the prescription一天三次 take the pills three times a day

3.机场与车站场景、旅游场景 机场场景

机场airport起飞take off降落land盘旋circle 行李luggage登机门boarding gate / departure gate登机牌boarding pass离港departure起飞时间departure time

机场费airport fare办理登记手续check in

行李柜台baggage counter头等舱first-class经济舱economy class 商务舱business class准点到达arrive on schedule 晚点（到达）behind schedule延误，取消cancel 预定航班make a reservation 旅游场景

旅游trip，tour

假期vacation

预定饭店make a hotel reservation 去度假leave for a vacation 旅行社travel agency 观光go sightseeing 避暑胜地summer resort 夏威夷Hawaii

悉尼歌剧院Sydney opera house

带某人四处逛逛I will show you around 饭店接待hotel accommodation

4.银行场景、邮局场景 银行场景 银行bank

户头account开户open an account 支票帐户check account 支票check

旅游支票traveler's check 帐单bill

付账pay the bill 兑现支票cash a check 取钱draw 透支overdraw

出纳员teller活期存款 current deposit定期存款fixed deposit

邮局场景

邮局post office平信regular mail挂号信registered mail邮票stamp邮资postage电报telegram加急电报urgentcable超重overweight快递EMS（Express Mail Service）

联合包裹快递服务UPS（United Parcel Service）

5.租房子、住宾馆场景 宾馆场景

宾馆hotel小旅馆，小客栈inn汽车旅馆motel订房间book / make a reservation 订满booked up / occupied客房服务room service 单人间single room双人间double room 浴室bathroom前台front desk / reception 行李搬运工porter叫早服务wake up call

租房场景

房租rent房东landlord

房客renter / tenant契约lease / agreement 水电费utilities门厅hall 家具furniture风景画poster

橱柜cabinet书架book case / shelf 淋浴管道shower pipe修理fix / repair

坏了break down裂缝leak

管道pipe修理公司roofing company

修理工作repair job修理工maintenance man / repairman管道工plumber电工electrician

6.电话场景、工作场景 电话场景

接线员operator

长途电话long distance call 越洋电话overseas call

对方付费电话collect call

占线The line is busy / engaged.把电话接通put sb.through

让某人重打一次give sb.credit for the call 关机power off

不在服务区not at the service

先别挂Please hold on / hold for a moment.挂电话hang up 投币电话pay phone

打入的电话incoming calls 打出的电话outgoing calls

工作场景

老板boss秘书secretary 前台reception雇员employee 雇主employer面试interview 面试管interviewer面试者interviewee

部门主管head of departmentCEOChief Executive Officer 提升promotion顶头上司immediate boss

加薪give a raise经验experience经历experiences文凭credential辞职quit/resign退休retire失业lay off

面试场景

申请工作apply for the job 申请application 全职full-time 兼职part-time

首席执行官

求职者job applicator

简历resume

职位position / post

参加面试have / take a interview

第五篇：英语听力训练方法

一、听说训练中应注意几个问题

一般英语学习者，在全面提高英语的前提下，要提高听、说能力，应首先注意以下三点：

1．注意区分和模仿正确的语音、语调

在英语里有不少读音相近，但意思却截然不同的词汇，象cure(治愈)和 kill(杀死)，menu(菜单)和manure(肥料)等。设想如果有一个医生想说:“I'll cure you.”(我要治好你的病。)却因发音不好，说成:“I'll kill you.”(我要杀死你。)那病人会吓成什么样子。又比如，有人对你说：“ I am thirty.My wife is thirty, too.”而你听到的却是：“I am dirty.My wife is dirty, too.”你一定会莫名其妙。实际上，所差之处就是一个音素。因此，我们从一开始就要注意区分和模仿正确的语音，语调。在这个基础上提高听、说，才能收到良好效果。

2．创造一定的听、说环境

听、说是一种语言交流，没有一个外语环境或一定的听、说条件，只靠单枪匹马很难收效。当然，现代科学为我们提供了录音机这一工具，我们可以把课文，对话和中外成品磁带录制下来反复听和模仿。还可以把自己的口头作文和复述录下来，仔细审听，发现问题，及时纠正。但是，在自然条件下，听与说是不能分的。一个人听的过程实际是另一个人说的过程。如果有条件的话，最好能把自学的伙伴组织起来，定期开展会话活动，或利用社会上，公园中提供的“外语角”等条件，既练了说，又练了听，在实际的语言环境中练习，才能取得长足的进步。

3．要有不怕听错，说错，不断苦练的精神

练习听、说的学习者，特别是成年人，往往必听错、说错，不敢主支张口练习。然而，语言是一种习惯，没有反复的操练和实践难以产生熟练的技巧。会话重在达意，只要达到交流思想的目的，这种听、说实践就应该说是基本成功的。出了错，注意总结经验，自学改正就是了。

二、听力训练的四个阶段

⑴入门阶段：

这个阶段适合初学者。在学完字母及一些简单句型和词汇后即可开始。一般可以进行三个听力练习：

1）句型练习：做这项练习时，可以把句型、词汇及语法三项结合起来。这方面有不少国内外出版的句型练习教科书及录音带，如：《英语九百句》（English 900）和《情景对话》(Situational Dialogues)，邓炎昌编的《英语会话五十题》和邓荣成编译的《实用英语问答》等。这些课本编排比较科学，由浅入深，循序渐进，照顾到生活常用词汇和句型，耐用做到了关键句型反复出现。配合课本录制的磁带质量也很好，几乎都包括速度较慢的跟读和重复练习。

2）浅显易懂的英语小故事：听小故事也是这一阶段听力训练的重要步骤。如《罗宾汉的故事》(GRIMM'S TALES)，<<伊索寓言>>(AESOP'SFABLES)等。<<新概念英语>>第一二册等的也可采用。听故事旨在听懂大意，锻炼把前后内容连贯起来的能力，而不在于模仿语音，语调和熟记句型。听故事还可以扩大词汇，把学到的英语书面符号同声音结合起来。

3）中外录制的教科书课文：中外出版的一些英语教科书如:许国璋主编的《英语》统编教材一到四册，周珊凤，张祥保主编的《大学英语》，英国朗曼公司出版的《基础英语》（ESSENTIAL ENGLISH）及美国麦希尔公司出版的>今日英语>(ENGLISH FOR TODAY)等，内容丰富，课文有相当的长度和难度。如果学习时配合听课文录音，或先听后读或学了之后再听，都可以达到从声音入手反复熟悉课文的目的，既学了课文，又练了听力。最后，在入门阶段，尽管掌握的英语不多，还是应该努力把听和说结合起来，积极利用学过的内容，组织自学伙伴，开展对话。有条件的话，争取能听听中外籍人士用英语介绍生活、学习或英美情况的小报告，即使只能勉强听懂一部分也应尝试。

⑵初级阶段

这一阶段仍属基础学习阶段。主要任务是扩大、加深和巩固入门阶段所学成果，可以从以下几方面进行训练:

1)继续听句型练习和小故事：这一阶段要注意通过时间较长，难度较大，语言现象较复杂的听力材料来继续解决语音，词汇和语法这三方面的问题。如果仍沿用入门阶段的句型练习材料，就要加大单位时间听力材料的数量，并争取在回答或重复时提高自己的准确度。总之，应在材料难度及反应速度方面下功夫。在听小故事方面可听《如此故事》（WHATA STORY）一类的成品录音带。其特点是在录制故事时，有意识地安排了好几个人插话，提问，以中断某人叙述的方式来进行一些意见交流，这也可算作情景对话，得同简单的问答式对话大不相同，它更接近真实生活，也更自然。

2）选听各种报告录音，扩大听的内容：为了扩大词汇，并逐步适应不同口音和年龄的讲话，这一阶段可选听一些浅易的英美历史、地理、风俗人情的报告。英美人士访华印象的讲话也是很好的内容。这些讲话一般以半小时左右为宜，既增长知识又提高听力。

3）开始收听北京电台对外广播：电台的英语涉及政治、经济、文化等各方面内容，语言比较规范，播音员语音、语调又是楷模，因此听英语广播是学习英语的极好途径。北京电台（Radio Beijing）收听方便，每日内容更新，多数是有关我国各方面发展的消息。由于学习者熟悉这些内容，这就降低了听力难度，所以对听力刚刚入门的人来说是比较合适的。在这一阶段，听的重点应是北京电台对外的新闻广播、国际形势分析及一些文化评论。听时要摸索新闻广播的一般规律，注意培养听新闻的一些基本技巧和方法。如果一开始感到困难，可以采取以下两个辅助办法，即在听广播之前阅读《北京周报》（BEIJING REVIEW），《中国日报》(CHINA DAILY)或《新华电讯稿》(XIN-HUA NEWS BULLETIN)有关文章。这样，在内容和词汇有一定准备的情况下，听英语广播就会容易得多。另外，可以把新闻和评论录制下来，反复精听，逐句推敲。这也是抽调听力的一个很好训练方法。在这一阶段，仍应进行听说配合的训练，做口头作文，写报告等等，并开展力能及的讨论。

⑶中级阶段

本阶段应从机械训练转向实践，从课本进入社会。解决听外台的能力作为这一阶段的一项主要任务。可进行以下训练。

1）听美国之音(VOA)慢速广播(VOA SPECIAL ENGLISH PROGRAM)或英国广播公司(BBC)英语广播(BBC ENGLISH BY RADIO):这两个节目速度较慢，在词汇选择上也有适当控制，因此作为训练听外台的起步练习是很合适的。开始时可根据自己熟悉的工英国或美国音来选听BBC或VOA，然后逐步向另一台过渡。在听这两种特殊节目毫无困难之后，就可转向正常速度的英美电台广播。电台广播和报刊杂志的内容是紧密联系在一起的。因此，在进行这一训练的同时，应阅读一些英文报刊杂志。

2）视听结合，训练听懂电影，戏剧的能力:看外语电影可以纳入这一阶段的训练。听电影，戏剧中的台词，实际是相当难的，作为起步，可以先看一些翻译成英语的国产电影，如《闪闪的红星》甚至幻灯片《高玉宝》等。然后选看熟悉的影片，如《列宁在一九一八》，《战争下和平》等。最后可尝试听一些语言规范，内容健康的原版英美电影，如《冰海沉船》《百万英磅》《简。爱》《孤星血泪》《雾都孤儿》《红菱艳》以及中央电视台的《星期日英语》(ENGLISH ON SUNDAY)节目中经常播放的一些英美电影对话，不能要求每句话，每个字都听懂，应以是否正确把握住了故事情节和重要的细节为标准。

3）继续前两阶段的某些听力训练:听力训练是长期的，经常的任务因此，各人可以根据自己的薄弱环节，在向新内容发展的同时，坚持进行某些前两阶段采用过的听力练习形式，但难度和词汇量有所加强，要多听英美文化和政治经济方面的报告，以及访华学者就当今大家感兴趣和国际问题，青年问题等所作的一小时左右的报告。

（4）高级阶段

本阶段完成后，英语学习者应达到或者接近英美人的听力水平，并能应付各种情况。

1）在听外台方面，要训练听正常速度节目。要从重点听新闻，转向多听专栏评论和报道。

2）在可能条件下，争取听使用英语的学术讨论会，语言学，文学，历史，政治经济等问题的讲座和科普报告，并积极参加报告会后的讨论活动。

3)如有兴趣或需要，可进一步训练听戏剧台词和诗歌朗诵，如莎士比亚，萧伯纳，奥尼尔等名家的戏剧，或英美诗歌名篇。

4)练习听懂用英语讲授的课程，学习英语是为了掌握一种语言工具，从而更好地精通自己的专业，因此，在这一听力阶段应达到听懂用英语讲授的专业课程或报告，要练习完全用英语进行思维，把耳听，思考，理解和笔录完美地用英语统一起来，如果客观上没有这种听课条件，大量阅读专业资料，听有关专业的英语报告，并积极开展英语讨论，与同行交换看法等，也可以在很大程度上弥补这方面的不足。

三.听力训练的几个具体问题

(1)泛听和精听相结合

在听力训练中，既要能准确无误地听出某些重要的数据，年代，人名，地名及事实，又要兼顾把握大意的训练，这弱项就必须所精听与泛听结合起来，交替练习，即把精听和泛听分成各处独立的练习，听时穿插安排，也可把一个故事或报告他成精泛段落，有些部分精听，其余泛听。在精听时，要首先熟悉听力材料中的生词，对有此难句可以反复听：而泛听则首先着眼于量大，只求掌握大意，不必了解每个细节，精听遍数不限，直到完全听懂为止。

泛听的遍数，由材料难度和自己的程度来决定，得一般不要超过三遍否则就失去了泛听的意义，泛听时，不宜中间打断，要一气呵成，精听则可在句子之间或困难之处停下机器，倒带重听。兴泛不精，会养成似是而非，不求甚解的习惯，反之，则见树不见林，抓不住大意。所以这两种训练哪一种也不应偏废。

(2)听力训练应培养的能力和从上下文猜字的能力，在听力训练过程中，往往会碰到听不清或听不懂的情况，原因很多，有进是由于说话人发音不清楚或录音效果不好，有时是因为出现了生词或内容陌生的缘故，这就要靠抓字音及从上下文猜字的能力来解决问题。比如:我们初次听《薄雪花》(EDE LWEISS)这首歌时，可能对其中两处的歌产生疑问，一是“You look happy to meet me”。有人会认为是 “You look happy to me，to me ”。但若仔细多听，就会发现 meet me 连读时[t]音部分失去爆破，并不和me 相连。另一难点是“Blossom of snow，may you bloom and grow”这句歌词中，blossom 一字由于节拍关系，唱得快，[l]音听不清楚，再加上和后面的of连读，给听者造成很大困难，这时需要运用猜字的能力，从上下文进行分析，这是一首关于白色花的歌曲，后面的动词中又有bloom(开放)这个词，只有blossom(花朵)这个词才比较合适，况且只有blossom这个词包含和[sm]这两个从录音带上可以辨认的声音，这样问题迎刃而解，所以，碰到类似情况时，首先要记住能听清的声音，然后根据上，下文的内容和语法关系提供的线索来进行推测，如果可能的话，还可以根据字音查一下字典，这一能力的培养是听力训练中很关键的一个环节，对独立工作，摆脱困难至关重要。

2)排除杂音和各种干扰的能力：为国培养这一能力，要多听新闻广播，听那些看不见说话人口形的录音报告，要逐渐适应人们说话加上“well”，“eh”之类填充语

(hesitation fillers)的习惯，以及有时说了一半忽然转念另起一句话的现象，还要努力做到能把录音不清楚的一词半语，或者讲演者降低声音，很快一带而过的词句正确地补充出来。

3)要有适应英国音，美国音及一些主要方言的能力：听力训练可以采取从一种音入手，再逐步过渡到另一种音的办法。为了更快的掌握听好英国音和美国音的能力，学习者可以主动归纳或对比两种英语在发音，语调上的差别，以便更好地渡过这一关。如美国人在or，er等组合字母后面还要加上[r]音:doctor[ ](英音)，[ ](美音):把[a:]音发为[ ]音:can't[ka:nt](英音)，[k nt](美音)等发音特点。对英格兰北部，苏格兰地区有此特殊的发音和用字，以及美国黑人英语，澳大利亚，新西兰英语中的一些变异现象，如无特殊需要，一般可以不练，不学。但适当有一些了解，听一，两个样品录音也有好处。

(3)听力训练的时间安排：听力训练需要思想高度集中，故时间安排以每天精神最佳时候为宜。而且，时间不宜过长，第要连续听一小时以上。听力又是习惯成自然的技巧训练，所以每天安排一段时间。不能三天打鱼，两天晒网，更不能听一段时间后，就一扔半年，一年。

(4)听力测试方法 听力测试有各种形式，可根据本人程度及训练目的，找一些合适的附，有测试题的听力教材做些练习，考核水平