第一篇:英文材料缩写表
ABBREVIATIONS
ABV = Above
AR = Air retarder ALUM Aluminium AVR Air and vapour retarder
AFC Air fan coil unit AC Alternating current ANOD Anodized AFF Above Finished Floor AFL Access flooring ARCH Architect or architectural AT Ashtray A/PL Acoustical plaster ASPH Asphalt A/B Anchor bolt AIFB ASPH PVG
BE = B/PL BSMT BRZ BD
CB = CEIL CEM CEM/PL CT
CI CLR CONC CPT CPT/T
DPC = DL DML
DG
DSHWR DWG
ELEC =(ELEV)
LEV ECB EOS Asphalt impregnated fibreboard Asphalt Paving Baked Enamel
Base Plate
Basement
Bronze Board Catch basin
Ceiling Cement Cement plaster Ceramic tile(ie ceramic tile(1))Cast iron Clear Concrete Carpet(ie.carpet(1)Carpet tile(ie carpet tile(1))Dampproof course Dead load Demolition Door grille Dishwasher Drawing Electric Elevation(above datum)Elevation(view)Elevator call button Edge of Slab ADH Adhesive ACT Acoustic tile AP Acoustic panels BLK = Block BH Borehole BM Bench Mark
BMU Brick masonry units CLR/ANOD = Clear anodized CJ Control joint
CMU Concrete masonry unit CER Ceramic CO Clean out COL Column COLR Colour CONVR Convector CG Corner Guard DC = Direct current DF Drinking fountain DMP Demountable partition DWL Dowel EXP = Expansion EXP'D Exposed
EXP/AG Exposed aggregate EXP/STR Exposed structure EPX Epoxy
EXT Exterior EQ Equal
EXTR Extruded EXIST
Existing
FIN = Finish FR = Fire rated FA Fire alarm FL Floor
FEC Fire extinguisher cabinet FHR Fire hose rack
FHC Fire hose cabinet FL/DR Floor drain
FG Fixed glass FTG Footing
GALV = Galvanized
GRAN = Granite GA Gauge GYP Gypsum
GL Glass(ie glass type(1))GFS Garage floor sealer
GMU Glass masonry unit
HD = Hard or hardened HVAC = Heating ventilating and air conditioning
HD/CONC Hardened concrete(ie hardened HB Hose bib
concrete(type 1))HM Hollow metal
HDW Hardware
INSUL = Insulation(ie type(1)INVT = Invert
JAN = Janitor JT = Joint
KAL = Kalemein KD = Knock down
KP Kick plate
LAM = Laminate(d)LL = Live Load LAP Lay-in acoustic panels LSSJ Long Span Steel Joist LINO Linoleum LBR Lumber L Lath
MH = Maintenance hole MET/L = Metal lath
MR Marble MET/L/PLAS Metal lath and plaster
M Masonry MO Masonry opening
MC Medicine cabinet MET/LIN/CEIL Metal linear ceiling
MET Metal MIN Minimum
MET/ACT Metal acoustical tile MISC/ST Miscellaneous steel
MISC Miscellaneous
NAT = Natural NS = Non-slip
NOM Nominal NR Non-rated
NIC Not in Contract
OPNG Opening OHD Overhead Door
OWSJ Open Web Steel Joist
PT = Paint PTD Paper Towel Dispenser PTDD Paper Towel Dispenser/Disposal PTN Partition PERF/MET Perforated Metal PLAS Plaster PLAM Plastic Laminate PL Plate PPT Prime(r)Painted
QT = Quarry tile
RWL = Rainwater Leader RSF Rubber Sheet Floor REINF Reinforced
SND = Sanitary napkin dispenser
1)SFP Sprayed fire protection SNDU Sanitary napkin disposal Unit S/CONC Sealed Concrete SH Shower SL Slab SS Solid surface
SC Special coating(SC-1=Special Coating Type 1)
TEL = Telephone
TELB Telephone booth PLYWD POL PVC P/TERR PREFAB PM PS PROJ QTZ RB RFT RSF SF(?)ST STRUCT SUSP
SLD SP S/ST TP = Plywood Polished
Polyvinylchloride Precast concrete Precast terrazzo Prefabricated Pressed metal Pressed steel Projection = Quartz = Resilient Base Rubber Floor Tile
Resilient sheet flooring = Special flooring
(SF-1=Special Flooring Type Steel
Structural Suspend Sliding door
Spandrel Stainless Steel Toilet partition
P/CONC TTRL Time temperature rise label TPH Toilet paper holder
TERR Terrazzo T&G Tongue and groove
TB Thermal break TR Transom
TMBR Timber TRAV Travertine
TMU Tile masonry unit TT Traffic topping(ie type 1)
TXF Textured Finish TKBD Tack Board
U/C = Undercut UR = Urinal
U/S Underside
VAN = Vanity VR Vapour Retarder VERT Vertical
WDU = Waste Disposal Unit WC Water Closet WP Waterproofing(ie waterproofing Type(1))W/S Weather-stripping
WB White Board Wa Washroom Accessories
ZN Zinc
VCT VWC VOL WM WD WI WWT WWF WPB Vinyl composition tile Vinyl wall covering Volume = Wire Mesh Wood
Wrought Iron
Window Washing Track Welded Wire Fabric Wall Protection Board =
第二篇:常用英文缩写
一些常用的英文缩写:
1.AAA :1).American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
2).American Advertising Association 美国广告协会
3).American Arbitration Association 美国商务仲裁协会
2.AAL:American Airlines 美国航空公司
3.A.B.C.C.:Association of British Chambers of Commerce 英国商会联合会
4.ABS:American Bureau of Shipping 美国船运局
5.AC:Air Canada 加拿大航空公司
6.ACC:American Chamber of Commerce 美国商会(又简称Amcham)
7.A.E.A:American Economic Association 美国经济协会
8.AF:Air France 法国航空公司
9.AFEB:authorized foreign exchange bank 指定外汇银行
10.AFRASEC:Afro-Asian Organization for Economic Cooperation 亚非经济合作组织
11.AGM:annual general meeting(公司股东)大会
12.AID:Agency for International Development(美国)国际开发署
13.AMA:American Management Association 美国管理协会
14.ASA:American Standards Association 美国标准协会
15.Amex:American Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所
16.ADB:Asian Development Bank 亚洲开发银行
17.APEC: Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织(2001年10月将在中国上海召开部长级会议和非正式首脑
第三篇:英文缩写
GM(General Manager)总经理VP(Vice President)副总裁 FVP(First Vice President)第一副总裁AVP(Assistant Vice President)副总裁助理CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官COO(Chief Operations Officer)首席运营官CFO(Chief Financial Officer)首席财务官CTO(Chief Technology Officer)首席技术官HRD(Human Resource Director)人力资源总监OD(Operations Director)运营总监MD(Marketing Director)市场总监OM(Operations Manager)运作经理PM(Production Manager生产经理、Product Manager产品经理、Project Manager项目经理)注:这里面变化比较多,要结合谈话时的背景来判断究竟是指哪种身份)BM(Branch Manager)部门经理DM(District Manager)区域经理RM(Regional Manager)区域经理President 总裁Vice-President 副总裁Assistant VP 副总裁助理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监General Manager 总经理Branch Manager 部门经理Product Manager 产品经理Project Manager 项目经理Regional Manager 区域经理Production Manager 生产经理Transportation Manager 运输经理Applications Programmer 应用软件程序员Computer Operator 电脑操作员Computer
Operations Supervisor 电脑操作主管Hardware Engineer 硬件工程师Computer Technician 电脑技术MIS Manager 管理信息系统部经理Developmental Engineer 开发工程师Operations Analyst 操作分析Director of Information Services 信息服务主管LAN Administrator 局域网管理员Systems Analyst 系统分Manager of Network Administration 网络管理经理Systems Engineer 系统工程师Product Support Manager 产品支持经理Systems Programmer 系统程序员VP Sales 销售副总裁VP Marketing 市场副总裁Senior Account Manager 高级客户经理Telemarketing Director 电话销售总监Sales Administrator 销售主管Telemarketer 电话销售员Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理Tele-Interviewer 电话调查员Regional Account
Manager 地区客户经理Salesperson 销售员Sales Representative 销售代表Merchandising Manager 采购经理Sales Manager 销售经理Marketing Consultant 市场顾问Sales Executive 销售执行者Marketing Assistant 市场助理Sales Assistant 销售助理Marketing and Sales Director 市场与销售总监Retail Buyer 零售采购员Market Research Analyst 市场调查分析员Manufacturer’s Representative 厂家代Purchasing Agent 采购代理Assistant Account Executive 客户管理助理Marketing Manager 市场经理Advertising Manager 广告经理Marketing Intern 市场实习Advertising Coordinator 广告协调员Marketing Director 市场总监Advertising Assistant 广告助理Account Manager 客户经理Account Representative 客户代
表 Accounting Payable Clerk 应付帐款文员Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Manager 会计经理Accounts Receivable Clerk 应收帐款文员Accounting Clerk 会计文员Certified Public Accountant 注册会计师Senior Accountant 高级会计Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官Audit Manager 审计经理Collections Officer 收款负责人Auditor 审计师Junior Accountant 初级会计Loan Administrator 贷款管理员
Management Accountant 管理会计Billing Clerk 票据文员Billing Supervisor 票据管理员Bookkeeper 档案管理Staff Auditor 审计员Bookkeeping Clerk 档案管理助理Budget Analyst 预算分析Tax Accountant 税务会计Credit Analyst 信用分析Credit Manager 信用管理经理Vice-President of Administration and Finance 财务行政副总裁Financial Analyst 财务分析Vice-President of Finance 财务副总裁Financial Consultant 财务顾问Financial Manager 财务经理Financial Planner 财务计划员VP HR 人力资源副总裁Assistant VP HR 人力资源副总裁助理HR Director 人力资源总监Compensation &Benefit Manager 薪酬福利经理Staffing Manager 招聘经理Training Manager 培训经理Benefits Coordinator 员工福利协调员Employer Relations Representative 员工关系代表Payroller 工资专员Training Coordinator 培训协调Training Specialist 培训专员HR Supervisor(Training)培训主管Vice-President of Administration 行政副总裁Administrative Director 行政总监Office Manager 办公室经理File Clerk 档案管理员Administration Assistant 行政助理Receptionist 接待员General Office Clerk 办公室文员Secretary 秘书Order Entry Clerk 订单输入文员Operator 接线员Typist 打字员
公司部门:总公司 Head Office分公司 Branch Office营业部 Business Office人事部 Personnel Department人力资源部 Human Resources Department总务部 General Affairs Department财务部 General Accounting Department销售部 Sales Department国际部 International Department广告部 Advertising Department企划部 Planning Department研发部 Research and Development
Department(R&D)秘书室 Secretarial Pool
销售相关名词:KA:Key Accounts(原:主要客户)大卖场,大型连锁DM:DeliverMessageDirectMail 宣传单张POP:Point of the purchase(原:据点上的购买)店头广告PDCA:Plan,Do,Check,Action 计划、实施、检核、措施为管理循环的简称4PS:Product,Price,Place,Promotion 行销组合4p(产品价格通路促销)4CS:Consumer needs,Costs,Convienience,Communication行销组合4c(顾客需求顾客接受的成本便利性沟通)MINI:Mininum 小SWOT:trength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat(优势弱势机会问题)为内外环境分析的一个工具USP:Unique Special Point 独特点FAB:Feature,Advantage,Benefit 产品特性,利益,功效推销法POD:Product Of Difference 产品的卖点SP:Sales Promotion 促销AD:Advertisement 广告NP:News Paper 报纸杂志PR:Public Relation 公共关系Store Check:Store Audit(偏于量的终端调查)终端调查,铺市率调查(可见度)FGD:Focus Group Discuss 座谈会(市调一种)Outdoor: 户外GRP: Gross Rating Point(媒介用语)毛评点;总收视点3A:Avalible,Able,Adsire买得到,买得起,乐得买A&U:Attitude and Usage 消费态度和行为(市场调查)TG:端架SKU:单品CPM:每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨(Complaint per Million)CRM:客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management)JIT: 即时管理(Just In Time)KM:知识管理(Knowledge Management)LTC:最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)LUC:最小单位成本(Least Unit Cost)SO:订单(Sales Order)
销售中的 4P:产品(Product)、价格(Price)、通路(Place)、促销(Promotion)
销售中的4C:消费者(Consumer)、成本(Cost)、方便(Convenience)、Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理
Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Manager(Non-Profit and Charities)非盈利性慈善机构管理Cashier 出纳员Buyer 采购员Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Marketing Representative 销售代表Simultaneous Interpreter同传
公司英文标识
总公司 Head Office分公司 Branch Office 营业部 Business Office人事部 Personnel Department人力资源部Human Resources Department 总务部 General Affairs Department财务部 General Accounting Department 销售部 Sales Department 促销部 Sales Promotion Department 国际部 International Department 出口部 Export Department进口部 Import Department 公共关系 Public Relations Department 广告部 Advertising Department 企划部 Planning Department 产品开发部 Product Development Department 研发部 Research and Development Department(R&D)
艺术类词汇:
服装设计师 Fashion Designer电影摄制助理 Film Production Assistant画面设计师 Graphic Designer 装饰设计师 Interior Designer制片协调员 Production Coordinator男演员/女演员 Actor/Actress
艺术总监 Art Director舞蹈教练 Choreographer喜剧演员 Comedian舞蹈家 Dancer摄影师 Photographer服务行业词汇:
办案员 Case Worker城市规划者 Urban Planner临床医学家 Therapist社会工作者 Social Worker心理学家 Psychologist客户服务经理 Customer Service Manager客户服务代表 Customer Service
Representative健康俱乐部经理 Health Club Manager厨师 Chef美容师 Cosmetologist发型师 Hairstylist 教育词汇:校长 Principal外语教师 Foreign Language Teacher
银行词汇:
工商银行 ICBC: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China中国银行 BOC: Bank of China
建设银行 CCB: China Construction Bank农业银行 ABOC: Agriculture Bank of China
交通银行 BOCM: Bank of Communication招商银行 CMB: China Merchant Bank
民生银行 CMBC: China Minsheng Banking Group,.Ltd光大银行 CEB: China Everbright Bank
华夏银行 Huaxia Bank中信银行 ChinaCitic Bank广东发展银行 Guangdong Development Bank深圳发展银行 Shenzhen Development Bank
上海浦东发展银行 SPDB: Shanghai Pudong Development Bank
兴业银行 CIB: China Industrial Bank Co., Ltd.MPV是指多用途汽车(multi-Purpose Vehicles),从源头上讲,MPV是从旅行轿车逐渐演变而来的,它集旅行车宽大乘员空间、轿车的舒适性、和厢式货车的功能于一身,一般为单厢式结构,即多用途车。通俗地说,就是可以坐7-8人的小客车。从严格意义上说,MPV是主要针对家庭用户的车型,那些从商用厢型车改制成的、针对团体顾客的乘用车还不能算做真正的MPV。MPV的空间要比同排量的轿车相对大些,也存在着尺寸规格之分,但不像轿车那么细。
CRV—“城市多功能休闲车”,这应该是目前对CRV的准确定义。说到复杂路面的行驶,就必须要明白CRV的四轮驱动。CRV的四轮驱动全称是双泵式实(适)时四轮驱动系统(英文:Dual Pump System REAL TIME 4WD),1995年由本田独创的黏性耦合实(适)时四轮驱动(Viscous Coupling RealTime 4WD)发展而来。准确说来CRV的四轮驱动不是传统意义上硬派越野车的四轮驱动系统,他是一辆在复杂路面比一般轿车具有更高通过性和安全性的轿车,是一辆ON ROAD车,而决不是一辆OFF ROAD越野车。所以在CRV的身上甚至没有4WD这个标志。就连CRV的悬挂系统和前轮驱动模式也决定CRV不是一辆越野车。
CUV——CUV是英文Car-Based Utility Vehicle的缩写,是以轿车底盘为设计平台,融轿车、MPV和SUV特性为一体的多用途车,也被称为Crossover。CUV最初于20世纪末起源日本,之后在北美、西欧等地区流行,开始成为崇尚既有轿车驾驶感受和操控性,又有多用途运动车的功能,喜欢SUV的粗犷外观,同时也注重燃油经济性与兼顾良好的通过性的这类汽车用户的最佳选择。
SUV的全称为:Sports Utility Vehicle,即“运动型多功能车”。SUV起源于美国,同样也是近年美国市场最畅销的车型。20世纪80年代,SUV是为迎合年青白领阶层的爱好,在皮卡底盘上发展起来的一种厢式车。SUV采用四轮驱动,一般前悬挂是轿车车型的独立螺旋弹簧悬架;后悬挂则是非独立钢板弹簧悬架,离地间隙较大;在一定程度上既有轿车的舒适性,又有越野车的越野性能。这类车既可载人,又可载货,行驶范围广,具有豪华轿车的功能。
SUV兼具城市行走、野外运动,极其符合现代年轻人追求强烈个性的心态。SUV能适应各种路况,而且性能价格比也相对较高,十分符合中国年轻一代的消费需求。SUV在中国的兴起,是中国汽车市场和汽车文化迅速发展的必然结果。
第四篇:英文缩写
i.e.: that is(即)的缩写(“We will do it by eob, i.e.5:30 pm(我们将在下班前完成,即,下午 5:30 之前)”,发音为 “eye-ee”)
pls: please(请)的缩写(“Pls advise.(请建议。)”)PTO: please turn over(请翻页)的缩写(用在页面末尾)
incl.: including(包括)的缩写(“Pls send it incl.new propsal asap.(请尽快发送,包括新的建议书。)”)
info.: information(信息)的缩写(“Thanks in advance for the info.(提前感谢提供该信息。)”)
IOU: I owe you(欠条)的缩写(“We will send an IOU(我们将发给您一张欠条)”,发音为 “I owe you”)
K: a thousand(一千)的缩写(“It will cost around 3K(将花费大约三千)”,发音为 “three-kay”)
max.: maximum(最多)的缩写(“It will cost 3K max.(最多将花费三千。)”)
min.: minimum(最少)的缩写(“It will cost 3K min.(最少将花费三千。)”)
MD: managing director(总经理)的缩写(“He’s our MD(他是我们的总经理)”,发音为 “em-dee”)
n/a: not applicable(不适用)的缩写(“This is n/a in this context.(在此上下文中不适用。)”)
NB: please note(请注意)的缩写(用在文档的末尾,“NB: Holidays this year are cancelled.(请注意:本的假期被取消。)”)
no.: number(编号)的缩写(“Pls advise no.of deliveries.(请建议交付编号。)”)
pd: paid(已支付)的缩写(“This invoice was pd in December.(此发票在 12 月份已支付。)”)
p.w.: per week(每周)的缩写(“How many p.w.?(每周多少?)”)
RSVP: please reply(请回复)的缩写(用在邀请函中)
sae: stamped addressed envelope(已贴邮票、写好地址的信封)的缩写(“Pls send sae.(请发送已贴邮票、写好地址的信封。)”)TBA: to be announced(即将公布)的缩写(“This news TBA at next week’s AGM.(此消息即将在下周的年会上公布。)”)
TBD: to be determined(待定)的缩写(“Exact date still TBD.(准确日期仍待定。)”)
TCO: total cost of ownership(总拥有成本)的缩写(“Pls estimate TCO.(请估算总拥有成本。)”)
thx: thanks(谢谢)的缩写(“Thx for your mail.(谢谢您的邮件。)”)
USP: unique selling point(独特卖点)的缩写(“Sounds great!What’s the USP?(太好了!独特卖点是什么?)”)
VAT: value added tax(增值税)的缩写(“Pls advise price incl.VAT(请建议包括增值税的价格)”,发音为 “vee-ay-tea”)
VIP: very important person(非常重要的人)的缩写(“They are VIPs(他们都是非常重要的人)”,发音为 “vee-eye-peas”)
vs.: against(对抗)(是 “versus”形式的缩写,“This is us vs.them.(这次由我们与他们对抗。)”)
w/:: with(与)的缩写(“He will be w/ Mr Jones.(他将与琼斯先生一起。)”)
wd: would(将/会)的缩写(“Wd you mind writing to Mr Jones?(您介意写给琼斯先生吗?)”)
w/o: without(没有)的缩写(“Will you be there w/o Mr Jones?(若琼斯先生不去,您会去吗?)”)
ytd: year to date(今年迄今为止)的缩写(“Pls give sales figs for ytd asap.(请尽快给我今年迄今为止的销售数字。)”)
24/7: non-stop-24 hours a day, 7 days a week(一天 24 小时,每周 7 天无间断)的缩写(“We’re available 24/7(我们一天 24 小时,每周 7 天运作)”,发音为 “twenty-four seven”)
第五篇:英文缩写
星期
星期一:MONDAY=MON 星期二:TUESDAY=TUS
星期三:WENSEDAY=WEN 星期四:THURSDAY=THUR
星期五:FRIDAY=FRI 星期六:SATURDAY=SAT
星期天:SUNDAY=SUN
1-12月份英文简写
一月 January简写 Jan.二月 February简写 Feb.三月 March简写 Mar.四月 April简写 Apr.五月 May简写 May
六月 June简写 Jun.七月 July简写 Jul.八月 August简写 Aug.九月September简写Sep.十月 October简写 Oct.十一月November简写 Nov.十二月December简写 Dec.月份
一月份=JAN 二月份=FEB
三月份=MAR 四月份=APR
五月份=MAY 六月份=JUN
七月份=JUL 八月份=AUG
九月份=SEP 十月份=OCT
十一月份=NOV 十二月份=DEC
常用词
VIP = very improtant person重要人物
IMP(import)进口
EXP(export)出口
MAX(maximum)最大的、的最大限度的MIN(minimum)最小的,最低限度
DOC(document)文件、的单据
INT(international)国际的EMS(express mail special)特快传递
IRC(International Red Cross)国际红十字会
UNESCO(the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural organization)联合国教科文组织
W.C(water closet)
CIA(central intelligence agence)美国中情局
FBI(feberal bureau of investigation)美国联邦调查局
FA(football association)足协
4=FOR 到永远=FOREVER
2=TO RTN=RETURN(送回)
BT=BLOOD TYPE(血型)PLS=PLEASE(请)
BD=BIRTHDAY(生日)REWARD=酬谢
REWARD 4 RETURN=送回有酬谢 ALLRG=过敏
军事术语
USMC=海军陆战队 NAVY=海军
AF=AIR FORCE(空军)ARMY=陆军
宗教类
C=CHRISTIANISM(基督教)J=JUDAISM(犹太教)
C=CATHOLICISM(天主教)B=BUDDHISM(佛教)
I=ISLAM(伊斯兰教)NR=NO REFERENCE(没有宗教信仰)
星座
水瓶座: AQUARIUS(1月21日3月20日)
白羊座: ARIES(3月21日5月21日)
双子座: GEMINI(5月22日7月23日)
狮子座: LEO(7月24日9月23日)
天秤座: LIBRA(9月24日11月22日)
人马座: SAGITTARIUS(11月23日1月20日)
1.国际性或全美性:
UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural organization)联合国教育科学文化组织(也叫国际文教组织)
例如:(The)UNESCO has made some contributions to the world.(UNESCO 对世界做出一些贡献)
NATO(North Atlantic Treaty organization)北大西洋公约组织。
例如:Could(the)NATO members stick to their commitments?(NATO 的成员能坚守承担义务吗?)
SALT(Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty)战略武器限制公约
例如:Should every nation join(the)SALT?(每个国家都要加入 SALT?)
NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)美国航天太空总署
例句:The U.S.space programs depend on the performances of NASA.(美国的太空计画是靠N
ASA的表现而定。)
(注:以上缩写字也被人们当做一个字看待)
WHO(World Health organization)世界卫生组织
例句:Taiwan has been trying to become one of the WHO members.(台湾一直想办法成为WHO的成员之一)
FBI(Federal Bureau of Investigation)联邦调查局(负责美国境内)
CIA(Central Intelligence Agency)中央情报局(负责国外)
例句:Over the past years, Dr.and Mrs.Lee have worked for both FBI and CIA.(过去多年来李博士夫妇都为 FBI 和 CIA 工作)
FDA(Food and Drug Administration)美国食品药物管理局
例句:This new drug has to be approved by the FDA.(这新药要经 FDA 批准)
USDA(United States Department of Agriculture)美国农业部
例句:USDA supplies myriad of information on agriculture market.(有关农业市场,USDA 供应大量资料。)
IRS(Internal Revenue Service)美国税务局
例句:Employees working for IRS should be courteous toward tax payers.(IRS 员工对纳税人应该有礼貌)
NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Color People)(全国黑人权益促进会,即黑人为了增进权益的最大机构)
例句:Many African-Americans join NAACP.(许多美国黑人参加 NAACP)
NIH(National Institute of Health)
例句:Mr.Wang has worked at NIH as a researcher.(王先生在 NIH 担任研究员)
AARP(American Association of Retired People.)(美国退休人员协会)
例句:At age 50, you are eligible to be a member of AARP.(如果你 50 岁就可以成为 AARP 的会员)
AAUP(American Association of University Professors)(美国大学教授协会)
例句:The AAUP has many branches at different colleges and universities in the U.S.(AAUP 在美国各大学有很多分会)
SCORE(Services Corps of Retired Executives)(退休主管服务队)(这是美国企业界主管退休后,免费担任顾问,协助年轻人创业的团体。)
(注意:corps 单复数一样,发音与 corpse 不同,要小心。)
(注:老外在机构名称缩写字前面,有时加冠词 the, a ,an,有时不加,不过在正式文件里,通常都加。)
2.一般考试名称:
SAT(Scholastic Aptitude Test)学术能力倾向测验(就是美国为高中生想进大学而设的考试)例句:The well-known universities accept new students based on SAT scores and well-rounded personalities.(名大学接受新生根据 SAT 成绩及各方面优良的品德)
GPA(Grade Point Average)(学业成绩总平均)
例句:His GPA always stands on the top of his class.(他的 GPA 都是全班第一)
GED(General Equivalent Diploma);一般同等文凭(高中没有毕业的学生,如果参加 GED,及格后,就可取得高中毕业证书)
例句:If he passes GED test, he will earn a high school diploma.AP(advanced placement)在校高中生,如果选修 AP 课程,考试及格,将来进大学时,可不必再修。
例句:His son took some AP courses at high school.GMAT(Graduate Management Admission Test)美国为攻读企管硕士(MBA)学生而设的入学考试
例句:In order to enter a MBA program, you need a high score on GMAT.LSAT(Law School Admission Test)美国为攻读法律学生而设的入学考试
例句:He did very well in his LSAT.(他的 LSAT 考得不错)
MCAT(Medical College Admission Test)美国为进入医学院学生而设的考试
例句:Do you think he will do well in his MCAT?
GRE(Graduate Record Exam)这是美国大学研究所对一般研究生的入学考试
例句:Most American graduate schools require GRE scores.(多半美国研究所需要 GRE 成绩)
TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)外国学生想进美国大学的英语能力考试(即所谓:「托福」考试)
例句:Almost all Chinese college graduates are required to take TOEFL if they come to the U.S.for advanced degrees.(几乎所有的中国大学毕业生都要参加 TOEFL,假如他们要到美国取得高学位的话。)
CLEP(College Level Exam Program)任何人只要有学识专长,都可参加这种考试,一旦及格,就可取得大学的学分。
例句:As long as you pass CLEP, You may earn college credits.(只要你通过 CLEP,就能获得大学学分。)
(注:老外一般所谓「大学」只说 College,不说 University)
ESOL(English for Speakers of Other Languages)这是美国为新来移民或外国学生所设的特
别英语课程。也叫 ESL(English as a Second Language)
例句:Many American campuses offer ESOL courses for foreign students.(许多美国校园为外国学生开设 ESOL 课程)
3.一般生活方面:
EOE(Equal Opportunity Employer)这是美国各机构招考员工时向申请工作者表明自己是「平等机会雇主」。
例句:All African-Americans hope that their employments will be based on EOE.(所有美国黑人都希望他们的工作机会均等)
DOQ(Depending on Qualifications)根据申请工作者的资历决定是否雇用。
例句:The DOQ policy is being used by our school in hiring new teachers.(聘请新教师时,本校采用 DOQ 政策。)
PR(Public Relation)公共关系
例句:The college president wants to improve its PR with the community.(大学校长想与社区增进公共关系)
CEO(Chief Executive Officer)最高行政执行长(多半指企业界或公司领导人)
例句:The CEO of this company will resign because of poor health.(这公司的 CEO 因为身体不好而辞职)
CPA(Certified Public Accountant)美国有执照的会计师
例句:Do you have a CPA to prepare your income tax?(你有 CPA 为你报税吗?)
COLA(Cost of Living Adjustment)生活费用的调整(即加薪时是按生活指数而定)例句:Our annual pay raise will be based on COLA.STD(Sexually Transmitted Disease)= VD = Venereal Disease 性病(现在 STD 较常用)例句:Many teen-agers face STD problems.(许多青少年面临 STD 问题)
SOA(Sexually oriented Advertisement)有关性方面的广告
例句:Don’t you feel we have too much SOA in the media?(你不认为在媒体上有太多的 SO
A 吗?)
GOP(Grand Old Party)美国共和党另一称呼 = Republican Party
例句:The GOP has nominated Mr.Bush as its Presidential candidate.(GOP 已提名 Bush 先生为总统候选人)
PMS(Pre-menstrual Syndrome)这是女人在月经前不舒服或心情不好所常用的缩写字 例句:Don’t bother her;she has PMS.ADHD(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)指青少年不能集中注意力,静不下来的一种
病症。
例句:Tens of thousands of youngsters are suffering from ADHD in the U.S.(在美国成千上万的青少年有 ADHD 的毛病)
RSVP(Respondez sil vous plait)这是法文,通常在请帖上使用的「敬请回音」= Please reply(或 respond)
例句:There is“RSVP”on the invitation card.BYOB(bring your own bottle)老外请客时,为了减少负担或个人爱好酒的品种,在请帖上注明「请自己带酒」。
例句:Whenever he invites guests, he asks “BYOB”。(他只要请客,就要人家自己带酒。)
AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome)爱滋病
例句:AIDS has spread all over the world.CPR(Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)心脏病急救法
例句:Everyone should learn how to do CPR.EKG(Electrocardiography)心电图检查(不是 ECG)
例句:Her physician asks her to have an EKG next week.(医生要她下周做 EKG)
IV(intravenous injection)为病人注射的点滴
例句:In the hospital emergency room, I saw a patient with an IV on his arm.(在医院大的急诊病房里,我看见一个病人在打点滴)