GRE作文好句子摘录

第一篇：GRE作文好句子摘录

GRE作文好句子摘录

是非问题句子:

1.Whereas other societies look to the past for guidance, we cast our nets forward.2.It is the belief in a brighter future that gives us optimism.3.The job of the parents is to give the children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of their way.4.When half the population goes to college, one cannot expect the colleges to maintain the same standards as in countries where only the elite attend.5.Just as not every Japanese is hardworking and deferential to superiors, not every Chinese is devoted to family, not every American is ambitious or patriotic—or even unsophisticated.6.No one could seriously think that anyone who grows up poor, lives in a bad neighborhood, and attends an inferior school has an opportunity equal to that of someone more favored.7.Current wisdom says that if you want a successful product, you need first to perform detailed market analysis, making sure that there are plenty of people who need the new product and that you entry into the market will be able to gain a significant share of that market.8.The evidence suggests that, on balance, people today tend to concern themselves with only practical matters that are related to their life.9.At first glance, it would seem that increased bureaucracy creates obstacles between the citizens and those who govern, thereby separating the two groups.Closer examination reveals, however, that in many ways government bureaucracy actually bridges the gap, and that new technologies now allow for ways around the gap.10.There is no doubt that hard work contributes to success, yet a person can work awfully hard and still achieve very little.逻辑问题句子:

1.The mere fact that ticket sales in recent years for screenplay-based movies have exceeded those for book-based movies is insufficient evidence to conclude that writing screenplays now provides greater financial opportunity for writers.2.The argument fails to rule out the possibility that a writer engages in both types of writing as well as other types.3.The argument simply equates success with movie ticket sales, which is unwarranted.4.Moreover, the author provides no evidence that the realism of color photography is the reason for its predominance.5.This assumption presents a false dilemma, since the two media are not necessarily mutually exclusive alternatives.6.The argument ignores the factors—such as initiative, creativity, technical skills, and business judgment—that may be more important than the choice of medium in determining success in photography.7.While this may be true in some cases, it is equally possible that only companies with products that are already best-sellers can afford the higher ad rates that popular shows demand.8.The author’s conclusion that switching to incineration would be more salutary for public health would be seriously undermined.9.Consequently, unless the author can demonstrate that the city will incur expenses that are not covered by the increased revenues from these projects, the author’s concern about these issues is unfounded.10.The author’s proposal is inconsistent with the author’s conclusion about the consequences of adopting an ethics code.The author’s proposal is inconsistent with the author’s conclusion about the consequences of a dopting an ethics code.The author’s

第二篇：GRE作文遣词造句

各位GRE-作文版的版友们，大家好，我是Gter-GRE综合版的版主：Saavedro。在这里我想谈谈关于如何在相对短的时间内最大最有效的提升自己的GRE-AW写作语言屈驾和运用的能力。鉴于最近很多版友们（包括GRE版和TOEFL版）都在问这个问题，可见这个问题的关注度越来越高，很多人一直苦于找不到好的方法而处于事半功倍的囧境，苦苦练习了2个月才发现自己的写作语言能力还是没有什么本质性的进步。最后AW考试的时候，才只有3分，3.5分等等，殊不知正是因为练习方法不当才导致了这样结果的发生。我相信收到GRE成绩单的同学都可以清楚的看到ETS对于各个分数段的评价和解释，你会发现3分作文的评语很明显的强调了：语言上错误很多，包括用词的不精确，语法的错误，句子的语病等等。也就是说3分同学的文章先不说思路和构架如何如何的有问题，光是语言的缺陷就已经足够把这篇文章打入到低分群体中了。

这是成绩单上ETS给予3分文章的评语：Displays some competence in analytical writing, although the writing is flawed in at least one of the following ways: limited analysis or development, weak organization, weak control of sentence structures and language usage, with errors that often result in vagueness or lack of clarity.因此如何更有效地提升遣词造句以适应和达到GRE写作的要求就成为了当前迫在眉睫的重要任务了，同时也是刚刚准备AW的同学最关注的事了。不可否认他们对于GRE写作的理解可能还仅仅停留在语言这个层面上，当然平心而论，大部分刚开始接触GRE写作的同学更多的问题还不是思路问题，摆在他们面前的第一座大山就是这个语言问题即：如何在相对短的时间内，从四六级和TOEFL写作的水平提升到GRE-AW的学术英语写作呢？在我调查了大部分同学刚开始练习AW写作的时候，他们告诉我，平均第一篇ISSUE都要写2小时左右，才能写出一篇大约在450-550字之间的文章，而他们最大的困难还不是思路问题，是语言表达的问题。其实这个也不难以理解。像GRE这样最后要达到：45分钟写出至少650字的英文学术论文的难度，的确是其他类型的考试无法类比的。国内的四六级英语考试是30分钟写150字左右的生活或者日常应用类型的话题。TOEFL，IELTS是30分钟写300字左右的独立话题作文，话题也是一般社会大众现象或者是学习生活类型的话题。即使是专四专八英语考试的作文题目也没有达到GRE这种即学术又抽象化的题目上，而且字数也同样是300字左右，也没有像GRE这样的写作如此“变态”。然后我们说归说，抱怨归抱怨，可是问题依然存在，所以明智的人应该想如何破解这个难题，如何击破和突破这个GRE-AW的第一道语言层次上的障碍。

事实上据我调查来看，很多准备GRE考试的朋友们在开始的初期时，思维都是如此运作的：写作时80%以上用在语言支配和组织上，不到20%的精力用在文章的组织和分析上。他们告诉我说，语言上实在困难的令我难以为继。但是我想说的是这很正常，几乎任何人开始准备的时候都是这种状态，并没有什么奇怪的。那么考前应该达到什么水平才可以比较稳的去参加考试呢？我想是把上面两种状态调过来：80%用在思路思想和文章结构的安排上，20%的精力用在语言组织遣词造句和其他部分上。如果你后期模考的时候你的思维和精力是这样分配的，那么恭喜你，你的语言表达已经完全不是你写作的障碍了。语言关过了，你攻克GRE的信心也就会与日俱增了。说到这里，也许有人问了：这怎么可能呢，这不是达到汉语母语写作的境界了吗？怎么可能在短短2-3个月内做到呢？ 可我想说的是：你只说对了一半，虽然我们毕竟是中国人，母语是汉语，但是如果有方法能令你在相对短的时间内把

自己的能力无限逼近于母语的境界呢？答案是肯定的。首先提升自己就要先明白自己的问题在哪里？要分别从哪几个角度提升自己？很多人在提升前根本就没有想过这些，只是一味的仿效别人去做，不停的写，这只是为了使自己活动心理上的满足，可对于自己的实力提升却只有微末之功，因为他从来没有分析过自己的问题到底在哪里，何能谈及如何改成和提高呢？因此认识到问题的关键也就等于为解决了问题打下了良好的基础。下面我来说说具体的操作方法吧：

提升写作语言表达能力不外乎有两个层面：词汇+句子，这也就是我们平时所说的遣词造句的能力。笔者认为这是提升写作语言表达能力的关键所在。但是我们受到传统国内英语教育的影响，总听说词汇和写作能力的提升不是一朝一夕的功夫，需要长年累月的积累才能发生质的变化。所以很多人听之闻之，慢慢的也就真的害怕起来了。但是以我自己来说，我认为上面那句话说对了一半。词汇和写作表达的能力提升绝对不是一朝一夕的功夫，但是也绝非需要长年累月才可以去应对GRE啊。当然大家现在写作遇到的首要问题可能就是在规定的限时内无法写出满意的语言来，要么字数少的可怜，要么整篇文章语言表达问题严重使之完全不能托起自己在ISSUE或者ARGUMENT上的逻辑思维表达。这是致命性的问题，也是最棘手的问题了。刚才说过了，要想解决这个矛盾的话，首先要突破来自异国语言表达的禁锢，如果不能突破和根除这种禁锢的话，你将永远不能去做到和题目直接的交心，不能做到和ETS的考官们面对面的“讨论”这个GRE-AW的写作话题。因此我分词汇和句型两个部分来分别说下如何做到在只有2-3个月的时间内使自己的写作语言能力比起以前来得到大幅度本质性的提升，从而轻松应对GRE写作。请你相信我，只要你肯按照我下面说的付出努力并且坚持2个月以上，那么你的写作能力一定会有质的飞跃，载体语言能力上去了，题目思想结构等等经过事先提纲的反复修改也基本已经臻至完美。这个时候你不冲击高分，高分也会来冲击你！！

词汇部分：

先来看看ETS官方评语针对低分作文语言方面缺陷的说明吧：weak control of sentence structures and language usage, with errors that often result in vagueness or lack of clarity.由此可见低分作文一个很重要的flaw就是由于遣词造句能力不佳直接导致语言上的失误，评分人根本无法理解作者写作的本意，严重影响了文章语言表达的clarity.首先要认识到写作词汇和阅读词汇的不同点，很多人盲目的认为英语的词汇在听说读写上都是一样的，也就是说自己对于他们掌握的程度可以划上等号。但实际上呢？绝对不是这样的。阅读和听力中你能够认识的和听出来的词汇叫做被动词汇（passive words），而在写作和口语中能够写出来和说出来的叫做主动词汇(active words)。两种词汇的最大区别就在于前者是你不会使用的，只能依靠被动的接受而能有所反应的词汇。但是后者是你必须能正确应用的词汇，也就是不仅要知道单词的拼写，发音，意思，就是连词汇的用法和搭配也必须要

知道的一清二楚，否则你无法正确运用的。我们看上面的定义就知道我们同学之所以写作词汇能力差就是我们大家的主动词汇无论从质还有量上都太少了，而通过机械般的背单词，被动词汇倒是提升了不少。可是你不要忘记真正衡量你英语水平的一项重要标准就是：一个人掌握主动词汇的质量与他掌握一门语言的能力成正比例。现在大家看到了，写作要求我们的就是主动词汇的能力的提升。现在确定了我们词汇要进步提升的目标了就好办多了。接下来就是要具体说说提升的方法了。在谈这个方法前，我们先要说说GRE-AW写作到底要我们有多少主动词汇才够？其实这个问题很难回答，以前寄托作文版的一位老前辈名叫：星夜无夏。以她的观点来说：有了四级的4500词汇就已经能够应付GRE写作了。平心而论我觉得这话说的也不无道理，因为我们看看那些ETS公布的范文和诸如其他类似文体的美文用词也仅仅就在四六级的6000核心词汇内。但是我想大家应该明白一个道理，用词简单要表达复杂逻辑和学术话题的话的确难度不小，这需要语言上非常高且精妙的能力技巧。很显然，作为汉语为母语的我们，我们平时用汉语写这种话题的时候也不敢保证用词都会那么的基础，那么的简单。因此掌握一定的高级词汇是很有必要的，也是十分迫切的。那么有多少才够呢？我给各位的建议是最好有6000以上的词汇，也就是国内大学英语六级的词汇的水平。请注意我这里说的词汇水平不是说阅读中能认识，听力中能听懂。而是写作中能够正确的使用出来，这里面包括该词汇的常用用法和固定常用搭配等等。而我在准备AW的时候自己的写作主动词汇量大概在8000这个等级上。因为除了四六级词汇外，我还练习了部分TOEFL层次甚至GRE红宝书中的常用写作词汇。当我已经达到了8000主动词汇写作表达的时候，写作中再也没有来自词汇的羁绊，自己的思想和对于题目的观点看法便如滔滔江水一样，由脑海中倾泻而出，45分钟后即成一篇不少于650字的ISSUE文章了，那种感觉是如此的美妙绝伦，是我以前从来没有感受到过的。

练习方法和工具书：

教材：以我自己的经验来看，我推荐大家用一本名为：《TOEFL-ibt 写作词汇小伴侣》作者是：戴云，张宏伟。这本书虽然是TOEFL写作用的书，但是书中收录的词汇非常全面，而且还都给分了类和科目，所以很便于进行分类性的高频词汇总结。、方法：如果你还有2个月以上的时间的话，那么就以此书中前271页的词汇和短语为目标进行训练，如果你只有1个月的时间左右的话，那么就以前100页词汇和词组训练也就可以了。训练方法同普通的背单词方法不一样。首先请你找出一支笔来，在前271页中把你认为重要的和你将来写作可能会用到的词汇和短语统统用红笔把它右边的中文释义画下来（英文词汇不要画任何东西）。每天要给自己定出进度来（例如：50页词汇），将左面的英文单词用卡片一类的东西挡住，练习看你画出的后面的中文释义和词性来想左面被挡住的词汇是什么（注意不会使用的词汇要特别查词典看用法，这里面多是动词比较复杂；名词，形容词，副词等都相对容易得多）。用这个方法将271页的词汇和短语在一周左右的时间迅速的过掉第一遍，这个时候请你不要着急，因为还不熟练。你需要适当的缩短时间，例如：5天，再重复上面的步骤。如此练习一个月左右，你会发现你再写文章的时候你脑子对于词汇的运作方式就发生变化了。以前你在写的时候遇到一个地方会苦苦的思索有什么词汇可以放到这里用。但是这个时候你会发现你的脑子里出现了4-5个这样同义或者上义的词汇或者短语，你现在需要做的工作就是选一个最好的写上。这样用一个月左右的时间把写作词汇的问题彻底解决掉。不过要注意的是此方法不到考试前的一天不能停止，一旦停止你的主动词汇量就会发生退化，因为毕竟你还不在英语语言环境中。

其中的训练原理其实很简单：因为汉语是我们的母语，英语对于我们来说是相对陌生的多的。我们对于英语的语感也远没有汉语高。因此要想提升对于英语的敏感和运用能力，在初期的时候就必须以汉语这个令我们熟悉的语言作为媒介将我们的表达和英语思维和语言连接起来。如果一味的死背英文单词记忆汉语释义的话，我们的记忆还是停留在被动词汇那个层面上，永远也无法更有效地提高甚至突破。

造句部分：

解决了词汇的问题，现在就剩下句式和造句的问题了。这个问题也相当棘手，很多人写作的文章词汇虽然没有问题，但是句式非常的单一化，而且无法做到简单句和复杂句的交错使用，使文章语言上没有层次跌宕起伏的感觉，纵然有cogent的论证和精善的思路，句式表达却平平无奇，最终没能托起作者的idea，遗憾终生~~~

这就好比武侠小说中所言：天下极品武学都要依赖上乘的内力催动，方能发挥出无穷的力量。故内功根基不深厚，纵有再多的上乘武学秘籍，也是徒劳无功耳。

练习方法和工具书：

教材：推荐一本书和一部资料：《GRE北美官方范文》（北美范文），带有中英文双解的ISSUE和ARGUMENT的题库（XDF黄皮系列书和网上的资料也可）。注意：北美范文这本书在整个GRE-AW备考中要慎重使用。现在中国考生GRE-AW分数偏低，除了语言不过关以外，再有就是抄袭和雷同兼死板八股化十分严重。而这种现象的出现和这本书可以说有着莫大的关联。因此笔者建议北美范文这本书还是要买的，但是只能用来练习语言表达能力，千万不能用于思路开拓和作文破题审题写作模式等等方面。而真正这方面的东西，还有赖于大家自己积极的发挥主观能动性吧，ETS总喜欢原创且新颖的东西。不过要为北美范文澄清的是：它对于语言表达能力培养提升还是大有裨益的，笔者当时写作造句能力提升60%就有赖于对于这本书使用。

方法：练习ISSUE部分的范文文章即可。以此书的开始的前30篇ISSUE文章为纲要进行训练。首先在你的计算机中GRE写作资料中建立一个文件夹，名为：北美范文汉译英练习。

具体操作方法为每天至少练习2篇ISSUE文章的汉译英练习，每篇文章独立一个txt文档文件。打开你的北美范文，然后翻到后面中文翻译的地方，看一句中文，然后做汉译英的翻

译练习，将你翻译的结果打字到文档文件里保存，当一个段落或者一篇文章翻译完后，仔细对照原文。这时候你会发现你翻译的和英文原文有很大的不同，这里面包括词汇和句式的差异等等。这时候你要注意，原文中使用好的词汇和表达方式你都要统统的以其所在分句的形式抄在一个本子上（中英文都要抄上），然后每天没事的时候就看着你抄写的中文再次回想对应的英文是什么，就这样每天坚持翻译两篇文章，然后看抄写下的中文回想和记忆对应的英文部分，两周后就会翻译完这30篇文章。这个时候就要停下来不要再翻译新的文章。你要做的是再次从第一篇到第三十篇文章做汉译英的翻译练习。随着你的词汇和句式能力的提升，你会发现你这次的翻译结果还是和原文有所不同，但是与前者不同的是你发现它的语言和你的语言比起来比你容易得多，无论是词汇还有句式上，这就说明你进步了。你比它好的地方你自己要保留，而你不如它的地方还要用上述办法改进。就这样坚持1-2个月，你的造句的能力也会发生质的飞跃。你会发现无论你想表达什么，你都能在最短的时间内在做到词汇和句式兼顾下，高效率，低错误的写完你想要写的文章，通过英语语言完美的诠释你的思想和观点。注意：如果你只想高效率的练习造句能力的话也可以使用国内考研英语阅读的长难句进行汉译英的翻译，那个虽然更为痛苦些，但是效果却更加出众。笔者当时使用的是《北美范文》和《杨鹏GRE&&GMAT难句》作为写作汉译英的材料练习写作语言表达能力的，却只练习了不到2个月便突然于一次写作时发现自己的英文表达已经完全脱胎换骨，在表达GRE-ISSUE的时候，文字上竟然能体验到游戏自如一般的感受，真是妙极，爽极！！其中的训练原理同词汇基本一致，都是要通过汉语母语来牵动英语和我们的思维连接上。在这里笔者想说的，也是想请大家记住的是提升输出性英语表达的最好办法就是做与之相对应的汉译英练习。因为英译汉实际提升的只是你汉语的表达能力，真正能在相对短时间内且有效提升英语表达能力的方法唯有：汉译英练习！！这个练习你不做不知道，一做吓一跳！！当然当你一开始练习的时候就不能停下一直要坚持2个月左右才会出先奇效，所以还是那句老话：贵在坚持！！如果说听写是提升听力的唯一途径，那么汉译英就是有效提升英语写作语言表达的唯一方式了。

洋洋洒洒的说了这么多，笔者只是想告诉各位G友们：只要方法正确，再配以你坚忍不拔的毅力，那么结果就一定会是辉煌的。笔者的AW部分是5.0分（估计ISSUE比ARGUMENT部分要高）。而以当初笔者的英语基础之差我相信当世亦是十分罕有的。曾经有人对笔者说四级都没过怎么考GRE啊？？？就是打死我，我也不行啊！！笔者对于这样的人总是愿意纠正他这个思想认识上的错误。如果你们要比谁的英语基础差，笔者相信笔者绝对居于此类“超弱势群体”的超弱势前列。笔者在此不说具体的分数，我只说用大学英语四级来说事没有丝毫的意义，笔者2005年参加北京高考英语部分的分数不但没有及格，而且距离90分这个及格线也是相差甚远，大一基础英语上下学期都是挂科。但是笔者大二下学期为了考GRE考TOEFL，为了飞跃梦想而疯狂拼命的学习英语。这才能以一年多前的那种英语基础到今天能拿下GRE这个被世界上号称最难得英语考试来。所以请你不要抱怨什么，只需要从今天开始努力做你应该做的就可以了。笔者还是那句话：方法+坚持=成功奇迹出现！！

第三篇：GRE科技类作文（范文模版）

科技类

第一篇

题目132：Some people believe that our ever-increasing use of technology significantly reduces our opportunities for human interaction.Other people believe that technology provides us with new and better ways to communicate and connect with one another.Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.There are two different attitudes toward current technology,one comes to that our opportunities of communication have been decreasing by technology while the other holds that it provides us with new and better ways to interact.I have an agreement with the former.Granted that it is a shortened distance that we have with new technology,it does reduce our opportunities for the truly communication and knowing for real lives our friends have.Firstly,we have to realize positive sides of the development of technology.With the overwhelming spread of computer and cellphone in the world,it is significantly convenient for us to keep in touch with friends or family.We are enjoying the facilitation equipped with the high technology on the planet where are becoming more and more smaller taken for us.Secondly,it is no longer being a state of intense anguish for people who are far away from their hometown since cellphone gives them a chance to communicate with family and we can not imagine that previously.In terms of that reason,we have a new way to connect with others.However,does it provide a better way for communication?As we all know that we have less face-to-face communication in the meanwhile getting convenience.As a consequence,we cannot acquire the comprehensive information for lacking eyeball-to-eyeball conversation.As it does in the case of social network.People can update their mode and tell their friends what happens in a day.Nonetheless,for a nature of honour and disgrace,people hardly disclose everything and often select beauty and things that worth to show off.Never learn people by browsing their personal home page.The technology can not tell you the whole real lives of our friends.If you really want to know someone,you have to pay a visit,talk,laugh and share happiness and sorrow.In sum,technology shorten our distance for communication while it never meant to learn a comprehension of our relatives and friends by a technological communication.

第四篇：GRE作文题库

GRE作文题库

一、是非问题（Issue）题库

Pool of Issue Topics

This page contains the issue topics for the Analytical Writing section of the GRE revised General Test.When you take the test, you will be presented with one Issue topic from this pool.Each Issue topic consists of an issue statement or statements followed by specific task instructions that tell you how to respond to the issue.The wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly form what is presented here.Also, because there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very important t read your test topic and its specific task instructions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.1.As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting you position, you should

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consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape you position.2.To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape you position.3.Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade(劝阻)students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim.In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.4.Scandals are useful because the focus our attention on problems in

ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim.In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.5.Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive.Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation’s cultural traditions are preserved and generated.Write a response in which you discuss extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.6.A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position, describe

specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.7.Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts can flourish and be available to all people.Others believe that government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts.Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.8.Claim: In any field-business, politics, education, government-those in power should step down after five years.Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise in revitalization through new leadership.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.

第五篇：GRE作文例子

伽利略的所有试验中，最著名的该算是“质量相异者同时落地”，这个试验推翻了亚里士多德的关于落体速度与其质量成正比的理论。但事实上，并没有纪录表明伽利略真的做了这个著名试验。

Galileo was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution.A biography by Galileo's pupil Vincenzo Viviani stated that Galileo had dropped balls of the same material, but different masses, from the Leaning Tower of Pisa to demonstrate that their time of descent was independent of their mass.This was contrary to what Aristotle had taught: that heavy objects fall faster than lighter ones, in direct proportion to weight.While this story has been retold in popular accounts, there is no account by Galileo himself of such an experiment, and it is generally accepted by historians that it was at most a thought experiment which did not actually take place.Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist who established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.He published his theory with compelling evidence for evolution in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species.Journey of the Beagle贝格尔号旅程

Movements

The term labor movement or labor movement is a broad term for the development of a collective organization of working people, to campaign in their own interest for better treatment from their employers and governments, in particular through the implementation of specific laws governing labour relations.Martin Luther King, Jr.(January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African American civil rights movement.His main legacy is securing progress on civil rights in the United States.Because of this work, he has become a human rights icon.In 1964, King became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to end racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means.“I Have a Dream” is the famous name given to the sixteen minute public speech by Martin Luther King, Jr., in which he called for racial equality and an end to discrimination.伊斯兰教妇女The study of women in Islam investigates the role status of women within the religion of Islam.The complex relationship between women and Islam is defined by both Islamic texts and the history and culture of the Muslim world.Sharia(Islamic law)provides for differences between women's and men's roles, rights, and obligations.Majority Muslim countries give women varying degrees of rights with regards to marriage, divorce, civil rights, legal status, dress code, and education based on different

interpretations.Scholars and other commentators vary as to whether they are just and whether they are a correct interpretation of religious imperatives.Conservatives argue that differences between men and women are due to different status and), p.278 while liberal Muslims, Muslim

feminists, and others argue in favor of other interpretations.Some women have achieved high political office in Muslim majority states.Sartorial hijab（头盖）, and the veil（面纱）in particular, has often been viewed by Westerners as a sign of oppression of Muslim women.婚礼Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions, countries, and social classes.Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of wedding vows by the couple, presentation of a gift(offering, ring(s), symbolic item, flowers, money), and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or leader.Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is followed by a wedding reception.Chinese wedding customs

Main articles: Chinese marriage and Southern Chinese wedding

Traditional Chinese marriage is a ceremonial ritual within Chinese societies that involve a

marriage established by pre-arrangement between families.Within Chinese culture, romantic love was allowed, and monogamy was the norm for most ordinary citizens.A band of musicians with gongs and flute-like instruments accompanies the bride parade to groom's home.Similar music is also played at the wedding banquet.Depending on the region that the bride hails from, Chinese weddings will have different traditions such as Tea Ceremony or the use of a wedding emcee.Also in modern times, Chinese couples will often go to photo studios to take “glamour shots” posing in multiple gowns and various backgrounds.Most regional Chinese wedding rituals follow the main Chinese wedding traditions, although some rituals are particular to the peoples of the southern China region.In most southern Chinese wedding, the bride price is based on the groom's economic status.The idea of “selling the daughter” or bride isn't a phrase that is used often therefore the price of the bride isn't too

demanding.Most of the time the bride price is in the form of gold jewelry, fine fabric, or money, even a roast pig which symbolizes the bride to be a virgin.Wedding presents are given by the elderly couples or couples that are older than the newlyweds and tea is served by the younger family members.A number of cultures have adopted the traditional Western custom of the white wedding, in which a bride wears a white dress and veil.This tradition was popularized through the wedding of Queen Victoria.Some say Victoria's choice of a white gown may have simply been a sign of

extravagance, but may have also been influenced by the values she held which emphasized sexual purity.Within the modern 'white wedding' tradition, a white dress and veil are unusual choices for a woman's second or subsequent wedding.The notion that a white gown might symbolize sexual purity has been long abandoned, and is criticized by etiquette writers like Judith Martin as distasteful.The use of a wedding ring has long been part of religious weddings in Europe and America, but the origin of the tradition is unclear.Historians like Vicky Howard point out that belief in the

“ancient” quality of the practice are most likely a modern invention.“Double ring” ceremonies are also a modern practice, a groom's wedding band not appearing in the United States until the early 20th Century.The wedding is often followed by a reception, in which the rituals may include toasting the newlyweds, their first dance as spouses, and the cutting of a wedding cake.