第一单元语法小结2

第一篇：第一单元语法小结2

1、delay耽搁，拖延，推迟

例句：He delayed telling her the news, waiting for the right moment.Report it to the police without delay.There’s no time for delay.Thousands of commuters were delayed for over an hour.2、persuade说服，劝说 名词：persuasion 例句：I persuaded him to see a doctor.I persuaded him into seeing a doctor.I tried to persuade him to see a doctor.I advised him to see a doctor.She had persuaded herself that life was not worth living.3、note笔记，记录；注意，留意

例句：take(make)a note of sth/ take(make)notes of sth记录某事 Please make a note of the notes.note sth down=write sth down记下、写下

Please note that the office will be closed on Monday.4、dentist牙科医生

例句：at the dentist’s牙科诊所 an appointment at the dentist’s

5、care保重，小心，当心

例句：She chose her words with care.Bye!Take care!再见！多保重！

Take care that you don’t drink too much!He is old enough to take care of himself.care about关注、在意、担忧

She cares deeply about environmental issues.care for想要、喜欢、照顾

Would you care for another drink? He cared for her more than she realized.6、discourage使灰心, 使气馁, 阻止，劝阻 例句：discourage sb from doing sth

His parents discourage him from smoking.The weather discouraged many people from attending.Learners can feel very discouraged if an exercise is too difficult.沮丧的

a discouraging result令人泄气、沮丧的结果

7、anxious焦虑的、渴望的、担心的 副词：anxiously 名词：anxiety 例句：be anxious about sth/for sb He seemed anxious about the meeting.Parents are naturally anxious for their children.be anxious for sth渴望某物

There are plenty of graduates anxious for work.be anxious for sb to do sth渴望，非常希望 He was anxious not to be misunderstood.7、puzzle使困惑，使迷惑不解

例句：What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone.puzzle over苦苦思索，仔细琢磨

Karen puzzled over the question all evening.puzzle out琢磨出…答案

He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.8、puzzled困惑的、迷惑不解的

例句：She had a puzzled look on her face.He looked puzzled so I repeated the question.9、absorb吸收，吸引

例句：Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.She seemed totally absorbed in her book.an absorbing book

10、attitude态度，看法

例句：have a good/bad/positive/negative attitude towards sth/ sb If you want to pass your exams you’d better change your attitude.11、consistent一致的；连续的 例句：be consistent in We must be consistent in applying the rules.a pattern of consistent growth in economy be consistent with与…相一致、相符合

The results are consistent with our earlier research.12、hesitate犹豫

例句：He t hesitated before replaying.Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any problems.without hesitation

She answered the question without any hesitation.13、respond回答，响应，作出反应responsibility 例句：Has she responded to your letter? The government has responded to pressure and dropped the proposal.The disease failed to respond to drugs

14、responsible负责任的

例句：We should give the job to a responsible person.She is my child, and I am responsible for her.Bad weather is responsible for the poor crop.Mr.March held a responsible position.15、regardless of不管，不顾

例句：Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.They decorated the house regardless of cost.She is determined to do regardless of all consequences

第二篇：必修4第一单元语法

1.Either you or one of ytour students ____ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A.are B isC.have D.be

2.Professor James will give us a lecture onthe Western culture, but when and where ____ yet.A.hasn’t been decidedB.haven’t decided

C.isn’t being decidedD.aren’t decided

3._Did you go to the show last night?

—Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area ___ invited.A.wereB.have beenC.has been D.was

4.The basketball coach, as well as his team, ___ interviewed shortly after bookthe match for their outstanding performance.A.wereB.was C.isD.are

5.Most of what has been said about the Smiths ____ also true ofthe Johnsons.A.areB.is C.being D.to be

6.One-third of the country ___ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people.A.is;are B is;is C.are;are D.are;is

About 60 percent of the students ____ from the south;the rest of them ___ from the north and foreign countries.A.are;is B.are;are C.is;are D.is;is

8.At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ___ that iti will bring a lot of jobs to the area.A.isB.are C.will be D.was

9.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1997.A.is B.are C.has been D..have been

10.—Why does the lake smell terrible ?

—Because large quantities of water ____.A.have polluted B.is being polluted

C.has been pollutedD.have been polluted

11.E-mail, as wel as letters, ____an important part in daily communication.A.are playing B.is playing C.have played D.play

12.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials , the rest of which ___ saved for other purposes.A.is B.are C.was D.were

13.The famous farmer and scientist ___ oru evening party tonight.A.is going to B.are going to C.is coming in D.are to come

14.The rest of his life ___ spent in poverty.When he died, only half of his relatives and friends ___ able to attend his funeral.A.was;were B.was;was C.were;wereD.were;was

15.No one in the class but Tom and I ____ the truth.A.know B.knows C.have knownD.are to know

答案：1-5BAABB6-10ABACD11-15BDAAB

第三篇：as语法小结

AS的用法小结

as可以作连词、介词及关系代词和副词。现将其用法小结如下:

（一）、as作连词的用法:

1.作“在-------期间，当----的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与when、while的用法区别。

①下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。

1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边----一边.如:

The girl sings as she goes to school.He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest.2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着-----的发展.如:

As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful.As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything.3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.如:I watched her as she read the book.I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.2.As =Since 作“既然”、“由于”解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如: As he’s been ill for ages, I will help him.As / Since you’re not feeling well, you

may stay at home.As he wasn’t ready , we went without him.3.As =in the way that作“像”、“按照„„的方式”解,引导方式状语从句。如:Do as I told you.Remember, you must do everything as I do.5.表示虽然,尽管 等,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,模式为:

adj./adv./ n.+as +主语+谓语+主句。如: Young as he is, he knows much.Tired as they were, they walked on.6.表示也------一样。She is a doctor, as was her husband.（二）、as作关系代词,引导定语从句,表示正如,这一点.如:

He is very careful, as we all know.As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China.另外,当先行词被the same, such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如:Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly.I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday.（三）、as作介词的用法.1.表示好像。如:He dressed as a policeman.2.表示作为当作。如：I found a job as a

guide.4.as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为“作为”;少数情况可引起宾语补足语。如:

As a Party member, I’ll take the lead in everything.(状语)

She works as a model.(状语)

She has me as one of her best friends.(引起宾语补足语)

aS用法小结（高中英语总结）1．作介词，表示“作为； 当作”。如： As a party member, I must be strict with myself．

He works in the school as a teacher of math．2．作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“像；按照”。如：

You must do everything as I asked you to．3．作连词，引导时间状语从句。意为“当„„的时候”。如： She sings as she walks．

He came just as I reached the door．4．作连词，引导原因状语从句。如： You must hurry up as there is little time left．

（四）、作副词的用法 1 表示与------等同。如：This dress is twice as expensive as that one.像，如等。如：As before, he remained unmoved.总之，通过以上的分析，我们对as的词性和用法有了比较全面的理解和把握，才能在实际的运用中做到心中有数，应付裕如。

5．引导让步状语从句，常用于倒装结构。如：

Hard as he worked, he didn’t pass this examination．

Child as he is, he knows a lot．

6．用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。如：

As we all know, the earth is round．She has been late again, as was expected．

一、as作连词的用法

1.as...as的用法

as...as意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：as+ adj./ adv.+as。例如：

(1)This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。

(2)Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。

其否定式为not as/so +adj./ adv.+as。例如：

This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。

若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。例如：

Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍。

几个关于as...as的常见句型：

(1)as...as possible

Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。

(2)as...as usual/before

She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。

(3)as long as...(引导条件状语从句)

It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。

(4)as far as

He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。

(5)as well as

She cooks as well as her mother does.她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。

一些带有as...as结构的常见短语归纳：

as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌

as easy as ABC像ABC一样容易

as deep as a well像井一样深

as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻

as soft as butter像黄油一样软

as rich as a Jew像犹太人一样富裕

2.as用作连词引导时间状语从句

as与when，while都是引导时间状语从句的从属连词，含义都是“当……的时候”。但它们有区别：用when时，从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生；用while时，从句的动作为一过程，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生；用as时，主句和从句的动作同时发生，具有延续的含义。例如：

(1)It was snowing when he arrived at the construction site.他到达工地时，天正在下雪。

mother was cooking.他母亲做饭时他在看电视。

(3)You will grow wiser as you grow older.你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。

3.as用作连词引导原因状语从句

as，because，since都可以表示因果关系，连接原因状语从句，含义是“因为，由于”，但它们有区别：because表示的语气最强；as一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化；since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作“既然”。例如：

(1)He will succeed because he is in earnest.他一定会成功，因为他很认真。

(2)Since you are so sure of it he”ll believe you.既然你对此如此有把握，他会相信你的。

(3)As rain has fallen, the air is cooler.因为下过雨，空气比较清爽。

4.as作连词引导让步状语从句

as与although(或though)，however(或no matter how)等都可以引导让步状语从句，含义是“虽然，尽管”，但它们有区别：although语气稍正式些，可放在句首，也可放在句中，主句中不能再用but，但可以用yet；as所表示的语气较强，引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；however引导让步状语从句时，它的后面可跟形容词或副词，也要用倒装语序。例如：

(1)Although he is quite old, he still jogs every day.他虽然年纪相当大，仍然每天慢跑。

(2)Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.这次意外虽然显得令人不可思议，却没有人受伤。

(3)However hard he may try, he will not attain his goal.无论他怎样努力也达不到目标。

二、as作关系代词的用法

关系代词as引导定语从句时，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂。

①用于the same...as结构中

This is the same book as I read last week.这本书和我上周读的那本是一样的。

②用于such...as结构中

I don”t like such books as he recommends.我不喜欢他推荐的那些书。

③用于“so +adj.+ a/an + n.(单数)+ as ”结构中

I am not so strong a man as I was.我已经没有从前那么强壮了。

2.as单独引导定语从句

as单独引导定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一个句子或短语。例如：

(1)She is late, as is often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)

(2)To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.对事实视而不见--你们好多人都是如此的愚蠢。(先行词是不定式短语)

三、as作介词的用法

as作介词，意思是“作为”，“以……身份”。例如：

He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。

四、as作副词的用法

to the same degree or amount;equally “相同地”，“同样地”。例如：

They don”t have as many airplanes.他们没有同样多的飞机。

第四篇：as语法小结（精选）

AS的用法小结

as可以作连词、介词及关系代词和副词。现将其用法小结如下:

（一）、as作连词的用法: 1.作“在-------期间，当----的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与when、while的用法区别。

①下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。

1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边----一边.如:

The girl sings as she goes to school.He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest.2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着-----的发展.如:

As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful.As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything.3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.如:I watched her as she read the book.I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.2.As =Since 作“既然”、“由于”解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如: As he’s been ill for ages, I will help him.As / Since you’re not feeling well, you may stay at home.As he wasn’t ready , we went without him.3.As =in the way that作“像”、“按照„„的方式”解,引导方式状语从句。如: Do as I told you.Remember, you must do everything as I do.5.表示虽然,尽管 等,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语

序,模式为:

adj./adv./ n.+as +主语+谓语+主句。如: Young as he is, he knows much.Tired as they were, they walked on.6.表示也------一样。She is a doctor, as was her husband.（二）、as作关系代词,引导定语从句,表示正如,这一点.如:

He is very careful, as we all know.As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China.另外,当先行词被the same, such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如:

Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly.I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday.（三）、as作介词的用法.1.表示好像。如:He dressed as a policeman.2.表示作为当作。如：I found a job as a guide.4.as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为“作为”;少数情况可引起宾语补足语。如:

As a Party member, I’ll take the lead in everything.(状语)

She works as a model.(状语)

She has me as one of her best friends.(引起宾语补足语)

（四）、作副词的用法 1 表示与------等同。如：This dress is twice as expensive as that one.像，如等。如：As before, he remained unmoved.总之，通过以上的分析，我们对as的词性和用法有了比较全面的理解和把握，才能在实际的运用中做到心中有数，应付裕如。

aS用法小结（高中英语总结）

1．作介词，表示“作为； 当作”。如：

As a party member, I must be strict with myself．

He works in the school as a teacher of math．

2．作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“像；按照”。如： You must do everything as I asked you to．

3．作连词，引导时间状语从句。意为“当„„的时候”。如：

She sings as she walks．

He came just as I reached the door．

4．作连词，引导原因状语从句。如：

You must hurry up as there is little time left．

5．引导让步状语从句，常用于倒装结构。如： Hard as he worked, he didn’t pass this examination．

Child as he is, he knows a lot．

6．用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。如： As we all know, the earth is round．

She has been late again, as was expected．

第五篇：语法小结专题

动词

1、动词分类

一类动词：去掉ます最后一个假名大都在い段上的动词；

1去掉ます后最后一个假名在え段上的动词 二类动词：○2去掉ます后，只剩一个假名的动词也叫单音节动词

○3特殊的二类动词：できます 降ります 借ります

○

浴びます 起きます

1カ变动词——きます 三类动词：○2サ变动词——します 动作性名词后可加します构成三类动词

○例如：勉強します

運動します

2、动词的て形 一类动词：

1促音变：去掉ます后最后一个假名为い、ち、り发生促音变 ○例如：会います＋て→あって

待ちます＋て→待って

帰ります＋て→帰って

2い音变：去掉ます后最后一个假名为き、ぎ发生い音变 ○例如：書きます＋て→書いて

注意 急ぎます＋て→急いで

3拨音变：去掉ます后最后一个假名为び、に、み发生拨音变 ○例如：呼びます＋て→呼んで

読みます＋て→読んで

死にます＋て→死んで

1話します＋て→話して

注意：○2行きます＋て→行って

○二类动词：去掉ます后直接加て

例如：食べます＋て→食べて

起きます＋て→起きて 三类动词：去掉ます后直接加て

例如：来ます＋て→来て

します＋て→して

勉強します＋て→勉強して

運動します＋て→運動して

3、动词的ない形

一类动词：去掉ます后有い段假名变成相应あ段假名

例如：行きます＋ない→行かない

読みます＋ない→読まない

帰ります＋ない→帰らない

呼びます＋ない→呼ばない

○注会います＋ない→会わない

い→わ 二类动词：去掉ます后直接加ない

例如：食べます＋ない→食べない

起きます＋ない→起きない 三类动词：来ます＋ない→来ない

き→こ

します＋ない→しない

4、动词的た形

た形表示过去

变化方式和て形完全一致 一类动词：

1促音变：去掉ます后最后一个假名为い、ち、り发生促音变 ○例如：会います＋て→あった

待ちます＋て→待った

帰ります＋て→帰った

2い音变：去掉ます后最后一个假名为き、ぎ发生い音变 ○例如：書きます＋て→書いた

注意 急ぎます＋て→急いだ

3拨音变：去掉ます后最后一个假名为び、に、み发生拨音变 ○例如：呼びます＋て→呼んだ

読みます＋て→読んだ

死にます＋て→死んだ

1話します＋て→話した

注意：○2行きます＋て→行った

○二类动词：去掉ます后直接加た

例如：食べます＋て→食べた

起きます＋て→起きた 三类动词：去掉ます后直接加た

例如：来ます＋て→来た

します＋て→した

勉強します＋て→勉強した

運動します＋て→運動した

5、动词的基本型

一类动词：去掉ます后由い段变成相应的う段假名

会います→会う

帰ります→帰る

待ちます→待つ 二类动词：去掉ます后直接加る

食べます→食べる

起きます→起きる

寝ます→寝る 三类动词：来ます→来る

します→する 一类形容词

特点：以假名い结尾 其前半部分为词干，い为词尾

1、ない形

い→く

おもしろい＋ない→おもしろくない

2、た形

い→かっ

おもしろい＋た→おもしろかった

3、て形

い→く

おもしろい＋て→おもしろくて 名词、二类形容词

1、ない形

だ→ではない

きれいだ＋ない→きれいではない

学生＋ない→学生ではない

2、た形

だ→だった

きれいだ＋た→きれいだった

日曜日＋ない→日曜日ではない

3、て形

だ→で

きれいだ→きれいで

留学生で

简体和敬体见教材第22课