it句型用法小结

第一篇：it句型用法小结

It句型的用法小结

[ 2008-4-15 9:08:00 | By: 蚂蚁 ]

在学习中，同学生们对“It ”的基本句型结构经常混淆不清，下面进行简单分析。

一、It引起的几个易混淆的时间句型 1，It + be + 时间 + since-clause

这个句型表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间，意为“自从......以来已多久了”，主句多用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时，如果表示过去的情况，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时，或主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。例如：

It is three years since his father passed away.(从现在算起)It was 10 years since they married.(从过去算起)

It had been fifteen years since she left Shanghai.(从过去算起)30 years has passed since we joined the Party.(从现在算起)2，It + be + 时间 + before-clause

这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语(如：long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes)，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才......”。

主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多长时间就......”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was 时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be 时，before从句常用一般现在时。例如：

It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。

It was long before the police arrived.过了很久警察才来。

It will be hours before he makes a decision.要过好几个小时他才会作出决定。It will not be hours before meet again.要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的。3，It + be + 时间 + when-clause

这个句型中, it 指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be，when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：

It was already 8 o'clock when we got home.It was the next morning when we finished our work.It will be midnight when they get there.4，It + be + 时间 + that-clause 这个句型是个强调句型。例如：

It was two years ago that he made an important invention.(原句是：He made an important invention two years ago.)

It was at 5 o'clock that he practised playing the violin in the morning.(原句是：He practised playing the violin at 5 o'clock in the morning.)比较：It was 5 o'clock when he started in the morning.(5 o'clock前没有介词，这是个定语从句)5，It + be + time + that从句

这个句型属虚拟语气结构，不管主句中用的是 is 或 was，that从句都须用动词的过去式或should + 动词原型(但不及用过去式普通)，在time之前有时可加上high或about 以加强语气。例如：

It is time(that)we handed in our exercises.(= It is time that we should hand in our exercises.)

It is high time(that)she wrote a letter to her boyfriend.6，It / This / That + the first(second , third …)time + that从句 这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历，关键是注意time前有序数词，主句是 is 时，从句要用现在完成时；如果主句用一般过去时was，则从句须相应地用过去完成时。例如：

This is the first time(that)these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.It was the fifth time(that)I had paid a friendly visit to Africa.二、It代替从句作形式主语的常见句型

1，it 代替连词 that 引导的从句作形式主语。1)it + be + 过去分词 + that 从句

It's said that Tom has come back from abroad.据说汤姆已经从国外回来了。It was reported that dozens of children died in the accident.据报导，数十名儿童在事故中死亡。

可用于该句型的过去分词还有：known , thought , told , believed , hoped , announced ,expected , decided , suggested等，该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合句或者含有不定式作主补的简单句。如：

It's said that Tom has come back from abroad.→People say that Tom has come back from abroad.→He is said to have come back from abroad.2)It + be + 名词词组 + that 从句

It's a pity that he can't swim for his age.真遗憾，就他的年龄来讲，他竟不会游泳。

It's a wonder that you could finish such a hard task in such a short time.真奇怪，你竟能在如此短的时间内完成艰巨的任务。

可用于该句型的名词词组还有：an honour , a good thing , a fact , a surprise , good news等。

3)It + be /seem + 形容词 + that 从句

It is likely that they will beat us tonight.今晚很可能他们会赢我们。

It doesn't seem that she will give us a hand.她帮我们的可能性似乎不太大。可用于此句型的形容词还有；wonderful , true , good , right , wrong ,(un)important ,useless , surprising , clear , possible , unusual , lucky , certain 等。

4)It + seem / appear / happen + that 从句

It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.看来他非常喜欢流行歌曲。It appears that Tom might change his mind.看来汤姆会改变主意。It happened that I went out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。

注意，句型4可转换成含不定式的简单句。如上述句子可转换为：

He seems to enjoy pop music very much./ Tom appears to change his mind./ I happened to go out that day.2.it 代替连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作形式主语。

1)It is known(not decided , not made clear , found out , discussed , being discussed , being considered , a question , uncertain等)+ 连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。如：

It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.我们将什么时候举行运动会还是一个问题。

It is uncertain whether he can attend this conference or not.他能否来开会还不能确定。

2)It doesn't matter(doesn't matter too much , doesn't make too much difference等)+ 连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。如：

It doesn't matter whether we go together or separately.我们一起去还是分开去都可以。

It doesn't matter too much to me what you do or where you go.你做什么或去什么地方，对我都无关紧要。

例题解析

例1，Was it in this palace _______ the last emperor died ? A.that B.in which C.in where D.which

答：案A。解析：测试it 用在强调结构中，为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），常用强调It is(was)+ 被强调成分 + that(或who)…。被强调部分指人时用 that 或 who，在其它情况下（包括强调时间或地点状语）用that。

例2，I don't think ______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this B.that C.its D.it

答案：D。解析：测试 it 用作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。当宾语有自己的补足语时，用it作形式宾语，真正宾语放在补足语之后。常用这种句型的动词有think , make , find , feel , consider 等。

例3，Is _______ necessary to tell his father everything?

A.it B.that C.what D.he 答案：A。解析：测试 it 用作形式主语，代替由不定式（或不定式复合结构）、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。

例4，Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder , but ______ didn't help.A.he B.which C.she D.it

答案：D。解析：测试 it 用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。

第二篇：There be句型用法口诀

There be句型用法口诀

There be句型有特点，主语放在be后边。

主语单三用is，复数主语要用are。

变否定，很简单，be后要把not添。

变问句也不难，把be提到there前。

肯定句中用some，否定疑问any换。

动词do用法口诀

实动表示“做、干”，现在时态看“单三”。

简略答语可用do，代替“上述”免重复。

Don’t do sth..构否定，Do sb.do疑问型。

助动词用法口诀

新添助动词很重要，时态人称一肩挑，句型转换打头阵，谓语还原要记牢。

have/has用法口诀

动词have表示“有”，位置就在主语后。

“三单”主语用has，其他人称have留。

一般问句两法变：

一是把它提向前，或者句首do来添。

否定句子也一样，就看not怎么放。

第三篇：There be句型基本用法

-----------.------名--姓--封---级--班---学--中--五密十--九--第--市--津--天----------

七年级英语兴趣班讲义

（三）There be句型基本用法

一.基本句型：

There be 句型最基本的用法是用来表示某地有某物, 表示一种存在现象。肯定式：

There + be + 主语 + 地点(时间)状语

例：There is a picture of her family on the wall.在墙上有一张她家的全家福。

There are five lamps in the room.屋子里有五盏台灯。

There are forty students in our class this year.今年我们班一共有四十名学生。

否定式：

There be not(any, much)+ 主语+地点

例: There isn’t any money left in my pocket.我口袋里一分钱都没有了。

There aren’t many books in the library of our school.我们学校的图书馆里没有太多藏书。

There is not much water in my cup.Would you fill it up?

我杯子里没有多少水了, 你能帮我加点么?

一般疑问句：

Be + there +(any)+ 主语„?

例: Are there any pictures on the wall in your room?

你屋子里墙上挂照片了么?

Is there a lamp on your table?

你桌子上有台灯么?

Is there anything I can do for you?

我可以为你做点什么?

特殊疑问句：

疑问词(+名词)+ be + there + 状语?

例: How many months are there in a year?

一年有多少个月?

What’s there in your pocket?

你口袋里有什么?

反意疑问句：

反意疑问句应与there be对应，而不是依据句子主语。

例: There is a red book on your desk, isn’t there?

你桌子上有一本红色的书, 不是么?

There isn’t anyone in the classroom, is there?

教室里已经没有人了, 不是么?

二.There be句型应该注意的一些问题： 就近一致。

There be 句型中的be动词用单数或是复数应该遵循就近原则，即be动词与距离其后最近的名词数保持一致。

例: There is a teacher and many students on the playground.There are many students and a teacher on the playground.操场上有一名老师和很多学生。

如上面的两句话, 第一句话距离there be 最近的是a teacher, 因此be 动词要用单数形式;而第二句话中距离there be 最近的是复数形式的 many students, 因此我们相应地用be 动词的复数形式are。

再如: There is a blue pen, two red pencils and three black ball pens there.There are two red pencils, three black ball pens and a blue pen there.那儿有一个蓝色钢笔, 两个红色铅笔和三根黑色圆珠笔。

there be 与have 的区别。

“There be„”句式和have均可表示“有”的意思，但用法有别。“There be„”表示“在某处有„„”，表示“存在”；而have却表示“某人/某物有„„”，表示“拥有”。

例: There is going to be a concert this evening.今晚这里有场音乐会。

We have nothing to do this evening.我们今晚无事可做。三。的用法方位词 1.at

at表示地点：

（1）：用于门牌号码前。如： He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.at指时间表示：

（1）时间的一点、时刻等。如：

They come home at noon（at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn）.（2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如： He goes home at Christmas（at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night）.2.in in 在（某范围或空间）内；在（某段时间）内；穿戴着；用（某种语言、工具等）

a country in Africa 非洲的一个国家

They often have sports in the afternoon.他们常在下午进行体育活动。in the 21st century 在二十一世纪 the man in the hat 戴帽子的男子

She is always in black． 她总是穿着一身黑。Say it in English． 用英语说吧。3.on on（某物体）上；在（某运输工具）上；在（某一天）There is a picture on the wall． 墙上有幅画。Put it down on the table． 把它放在桌子上。

She is coming on the plane／ bus ／ train ／ tube．她将乘飞机公共汽车火车地铁来。

We meet on Sundays． 我们每星期日见面。on May the first 在五月一日 4.to to 向，朝，往（某方向或某处）；到达（某处）；离，差 He's going to Paris． 他要去巴黎。the way to the station 通往车站的路

They will get to Sydney tonight．

今晚他们到达悉尼。It's five to ten．

现在是9点55分。四.in front of 和in the front of区别

前者是在一个物体的前面，而后者是在一个物体的前部。

in front of classroom（在教室这个建筑的前面（教室的外面））in the front of classroom(在这个教室的前面（里面））

(1)in front of 表示“在„„的前面”（有一定距离的前面，也可以理解在物体范围外的前面），其反义词是behind，表示“在„„的后面”。例如：

There is a river in front of the house.=There is a house behind the river.(2)二者的区别：

in the front of与in front of具有不同的含义。前者表示在某一范围之内的前部，后者表示在某一范围之外的前面。例如：

There is a big desk in the front of the classroom.在教室的前部有一张大桌子。

There is a tree in front of the classroom.在教室的前面有一棵树。

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第四篇：There_be_句型用法归纳

There be 句型用法归纳

1.定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2.结构：(1)There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语.(2)There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语.there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。（就近原则）eg.① There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。

② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。（就近原则）

③There are many students and a teacher in our classroom.我们教室里有许多学生和一位老师。（就近原则）3.There be句型与have的区别：

(1)There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。

eg.①He has two sons.他有两个儿子。

②There are two men in the office.办公室里有两个男人。4.句型转换 一：否定句

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。not a/an/any + n.(注意在改否定句的时候如肯定句中有some要改为any，一般疑问句变化也一样)例如：

There are some pictures on the wall.→There aren't any pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree.→ There isn't a bike behind the tree.二：一般疑问句

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何“改头换面”的吧：

There is some water in the bottle.→ Is there any water in the bottle? There are some cakes on the table.→Are there any cakes on the table?

三：特殊疑问句

There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：

① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who's+介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用“What's + 介词短语?”。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：

There are many books over there.→What's over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用”Where is / are+主语”。

例如：

There is a computer on the desk.→ Where is the computer? There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children? ③ 对数量提问：

How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语 ？

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？

如： There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year? There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in your purse?

第五篇：There be句型结构及其用法

There be句型结构及其用法

There be句型是一种应用十分广泛和频繁的句型。但是对there be句型的多变的特点及其特殊结构的复杂性，并不是每个考生都熟悉了解。在大学英语四级考试题中也常常遇到这一句型结构的试题。

例如： Ann never dreams of _________ for her to be sent abroad very soon．（CET-4，1998．6-43）

A）there to be a chance B）there being a chance C）there be a chance D）being a chance 该题的答案为B）。

动词 dream of 要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，更准确地讲是介词of后要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，there being a chance意为“有一个机会”；A）和C）两项均不符合句子结构的要求，所以不是答案选项，而D）项 being a chance 虽然是 V-ing 分词结构，但语义不通，故不能雪?

又如： No one had told Smith about ____ a lecture the following day．（CET-4，2001．1-66）A）there be?B）there would be C）there was?D）there being 该题的答案为D）。介词 about 后要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，there being（a lecture）意为“有（一个讲座）”，而A）、B）和C）项内容均不符合结构要求，故不能雪?再如：

It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping，singing，or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound．（CET-4，1995．1）

一、there be句型与各种情态动词连用。? 例如： There must be something wrong here． ?There might still be some vacant seats in the rear．

?There ought to be something with which to fill your stocking．

二、there be句型中的谓语动词be被be likely to be，happen to be，seem（to be），occur等代替，用来描写事物。例如：

There are likely to be more difficulties than they have been prepared for． There happened to be nobody in the room．

There doesn't seem to be much hope of our beating that team ．

三、there be 句型中的谓语动词be被一些不及物动词代替，如 live，stand，exist，remain等，用来表示“静止、存在、有”。例如：

There lives a family of five in the village． There remains nothing more to be done．

四、there be 句型中的谓语动词be被一些不及物动词代替，如 come，spring up，appear，emerge，arrive，enter，follow, 等，用来表示“突然出现”。例如： There appears to be no substitute for this stuff yet． There came a company of actors and actresses． There followed a spirited discussion after class．

五、there be句型中be用不定式，形成“（for）there to be ＋宾格词”结构，表示“有”或“存在（某种情况）”，在“（for）there to be ＋宾格词”的结构中，主语是宾格词。这种不定式结构在句中作逻辑宾语、状语和主语。

1．“there to be ＋宾格词”在句中作宾语。例如：

The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams． ? “there to be ＋宾格词”结构在句中作动词expect的宾语，句中的宾格词m ore review-ing classes作“there to be”不定式结构的逻辑主语。特别应该注意的是there后的不定式只能用“to be”的形式，因为这种不定式结构是从“there be”结构转化而来的。又如：

People don't want there to be anotherwar． Members like there to be plenty of choice．

Perhaps transportation and the means of comm unication have really made it possible for there to be an end to the big cities．

It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping，singing，or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound．

? “there to be ＋宾格词”结构在句中作介词for的宾语，句中的宾格词an ensemble of expert musicians 作“there to be”不定式结构的逻辑主语。

六、there be句型中be用V －ing分词，形成“（of）there being ＋宾格词”结构，表示“有”或“存在（某种情况）”，在“（of）there be-ing ＋宾格词”的结构中，主语是宾格词。

1．“there being ＋宾格词”在句中作宾语。例如：

Have you ever thought of there being so many work units for you to choose on the talent's meeting？（“there being ＋宾格词”作宾语）

? “there being ＋宾格词”结构在句中作介词of的宾语，句中的宾格词so m any work u-nits作“there being”V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。又如：

No one had told him anything about there being a beautiful story about the lake． John was relying on there being another opportunity．

2．“there being ＋宾格词”在句中作状语。例如：

There being no cause for alarm，she went back to her bedroom．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）

? “there being ＋宾格词”结构在句中作状语，句中的宾格词no cause作“there being” V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。又如：

There having been a strong suspicion against the ability of the director，the department asked him to resign．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）There being nothing to be done，they have to go back home．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）

There being no further business，the chairm an closed the meeting．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）

3．“there being ＋宾格词”在句中作主 语。例如： There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage．

? “there being ＋宾格词”结构在句中作主语，句中的宾格词a bus stop作“there being” V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。

七、there be 句型中 be 用 be ＋V-ed 分词，形成“there be ＋V-ed分词＋宾格词”结构，表示“有”或“存在（某种情况）”，在“there be ＋V-ed 分词＋宾格词”的结构中，主语是宾格词。例如：

There was found a lot of food in the kitchen cupboard． There are now published millions of books every year in China．

There was shown at the exhibition an electronic computer made in Shanghai．

八、“there be no ＋主语名词”的习惯用法。

1．V-ing分词在“there be no”结构中作主语，表示“不可能”、“无法”。例如： There is no denying the fact that China is still a developing country． There is no joking about such matters．

There is no telling what will happen to him next．

2．there is no point ＋V-ing分词，表示“没有必要”，“无用”，“没有意义”，“没有用处”。例如：

We are disappointed with the new officer elected in our bridge club，but thereis no point worrying about it．

3．there is no use ＋V-ing分词，表示“无用”，“没有意义”，“没有用处”。例如： There is no use advising him to give up smoking．

4．there is no good ＋V-ing分词，表示“无用”，“没有意义”，“没有用处”，“没有益处”。例如：

There is no good discussing the matter with such a fool．

九、在由“there be ＋主语名词”引起的句子中，修饰主语的情况。

1．在由“there be ＋主语名词”引起的句子中，用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式，也可以用主动形式。例如：

There is no time to lose ／to be lost．

There are still many things to take care of ／to be taken care of． 在口语中多用主动形式。但是有时候两种形式可能表示不同的意思。试比较：

There is nothing to do now．（We have nothing to do now．）There is nothing to be done now．（We can do nothing now．）There is nothing to see（nothing worth seeing）． There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all）．

2．在由“there be ＋主语名词”引起的句子中，用来修饰主语的分词或分词短语在意思上相当于一个定语从句。例如：

There were 200children studying（＝who were studying）m usic，dancing，or dram atics． Is there anything planned（＝that has been planned）for tonight？