GRE新写作

第一篇：GRE新写作

GRE新写作

GRE新写作2012全面突破备考必读

一.Analytical Writing Section简介

逻辑写作是 General GRE Test考试的三个必考部分之一，它的前身是ETS设计的写作单项考试AWA(Analytical Writing Assessment)。ETS从02年10月份开始，正式将写作单项考试并入GRE考试，取代原有的GRE逻辑部分(Analytical Section)。它用于评价考生的逻辑思维和英文写作能力。即分析问题，阐述立场，论证观点的能力和独立的完成一篇中心明确逻辑严谨的英文文章的能力。在这里请注意：逻辑写作不测试学生所掌握的具体知识，以确保对于有不同教育背景的考生的公平性。

新GRE写作要求考生在30分钟+30 分钟内分别完成两篇文章，它是美国所有作文考试中时间最长而质量要求最高的一类作文考试。此外，GRE作文不仅是普林斯顿的教授给个分就算，它还要我们花 钱将其寄到我们申请的学校，然后由这帮决定我们命运的委员会的委员们严格把关，看你是否在科研文章的写作方面具备一定的水准，因为你们将来的老板对写作的 要求是比较高的，所以这自然是构成了你能不能得到奖学金的重要标准之一。当然大家也不要怕，GRE写作的题目是全世界公开的，有点像我们的开卷考试，只要 花一定的精力准备，再加上临危不惧的心态，一般的中国考生基本都能考到4.5分以上，所以请大家在准备GRE写作的第一天开始就要具备这种必胜的心态。

从形式上讲：

逻辑写作考试包括两个不同的部分：

1.Issue task(30min)，要求作者根据所给题目，完成一篇表明立场的逻辑立论文。

2.Argument task(30min)，要求考生分析所给题目，完成一篇驳论文，指出并且有力的驳斥题目中的主要逻辑错误。

从特点上讲：

1.GRE写作考试有题库：

为了达到公平，ETS公布了它考试的所有写作题库，那么为了达到能和native speaker一起竞争，考生应该在考前对所有题目都进行预习(节约考试时的审题时间)，并通过100-150个提纲的写作了解GRE写作的一般结构，通 过30-50篇写作来练习自己的写作思路和表达。对题库中的题目越熟练，对考试越有利。

2.GRE写作考试的评阅是计件工作制的：

每个评卷人对你文章的评阅非常快，不可能对每个细节都很仔细地去看。考生应该迎合评卷人的评卷思路，用最规范的结构和最清晰的表达来体现自己的思路：首段要鲜明地提出观点，中间段落层次要拉开，每段的开始应该就是该段的topic sentence。

3.GRE写作的评分是整体评分(holistic scoring)：

首先，从ETS公布的各分数段评分标准看，其评分主要注重以下三个方面：①、逻辑分析能力(要求insightful)；②、文章的组织(要求 well-organized)；③、语言能力(要求standard written English;concise;varied structure等)。

但是ETS也强调，评分是整体的，而不是各个角度分别评分。这就说明，虽然中国考生的语言能力偏弱，但是只要 能在其他两个角度上给评卷人非常impressive的感觉，一样可以拿到6分。因此，在短期内尽力提高语言能力的同时(语言能力的培养不是一天两天可以 完成的)，我们在复习时应该尽可能地对题目进行深入的分析，学习高分作文的文章结构，通过这两个方面的突破来迅速提高作文整体的分数。

4.GRE写作两个部分在总分中的权重是一样的：

由于AA的写作不牵涉自己观点的展开，只须指出作者逻辑上的漏洞，因此在经过训练以后，写起来并不困难；而AI的写作需要自己展开自己设立的观点，不但 需要逻辑上的洞察能力，还需要论证观点的能力，语言组织的能力，因此对于中国考生来讲比较困难，难以短期内有较大提高。但是这两个部分在总分中的权重是一 样的，因此考生的策略应该是尽量提高AI部分的写作能力而力保AA部分满分(或高分)。因为如果AA部分满分的话，AI部分只需争取在4分以上就可以保证 整体作文分数在5分以上。

二.ETS的评分标准以及作文分数的计算

参照ETS 评过分的范文，我们不难发现：无论是ISSUE还是ARGUMENT在评分标准上都有共同之处，即：第一，观点要有深度，论证要有说服力；第二，组织要有 条理，表达清晰准确；第三，语言流利，句式复杂，词汇丰富。这三条分别说的是行文的“思想性”、“结构性”和“表达性”，众多高分作文的考生大凡都在这三 个方面做得很好，我们理所当然也要从这里入手，采取“各个击破”的方法解剖GRE作文的本质，从而得到一个理想分数。GRE写作的记分方式是这样的，两篇 作文总分都是六分，计算公式为你的得分=(Issue的得分+Argument的得分)/2，最终的计分是以0.5分为一个格。

三.把握备考原则

我们的应考原则是“保住Issue，力争Argument”。

逻辑写作总的来看，Issue难度高于Argument。对于考生来说，Issue比Argument要求考生拥有更扎实的写作功底和更严密的逻辑思 维。同时，ETS对于Issue的模板化和plagiarisms更加敏感。总之，获得Issue高分需要较多的努力。相比之下，Argument内容相 对单一(出错的逻辑类型比较少)，题目中给了考生更多的提示信息，因此提高Argument成绩容易一些。

要获得满意的写作分数，应保证Issue在4.0以上，Argument在5.0以上，这样总分才能在4.5以上。

四.制定应考计划：

在制定一份行之有效的复习计划之前，我们应注意以下几个方面：

(一)练习的数量：

Issue题库涉及社会，文化，科技，历史，政治，艺术，教育，法律，伦理等诸多方面。不同类型的题目有较大的差别，但是在同一类型的题目中却包含了许 多命题的方向非常接近的题目，比如说： “While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation.”和“The best preparation for life or a career is not learning to be competitive, but learning to be cooperative.”都是说竞争意识与合作意识对于社会或个人的利弊；再比如说：“History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.” 和“The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives.” 和 “The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history.”都是讨论“研究历史的价值”。这些题目，本质上是一致的，考生完全可以用一篇文章来应对这一类题目。这对于获得高分有至关重要的作用。

当然，练习这么多的文章需要考生付出相当大的代价。大部分考生都没有这么充裕的时间。一般来说，针对不同类型的Issue题目，要练习50篇左右。

我们再来说说Argument。Argument题库内容虽然很大，但就题目中出错的逻辑类型来说，就显得较为单一了，比如：第2题---由于 Brookville采用了景观限制措施，我们Deerhaven Ares也应采用。第16题---邻省Lucria开设了彩票业务，我们Impecunia也应效仿。第18题---改良了道路并维持55mph的速度限制，我们 Prunty County也应保持55mph的速度限制。

再如：第8题---Mesa Food的食品在一个小地区获得了成功，我们在全国范围内推广其产品的销售。第19题---Ad Lib在Megalopolis推销摇滚乐队的演出门票很成功，因此在全国的巡回演出中也应使用Ad Lib来做门票销售代理。这5道题目都有共同的逻辑错误，“在另外一个地点发生的情况，在本地也必然发生“。考生可以用完全一致的驳斥方法，来驳斥。这一 点，我们在以后几讲中将详细的介绍给大家。

另外，Argument题目中大都提供了相当丰富的背景信息，所以考生总不至于无话可说。总 而言之，Argument的难度要比Issue低一些，只要考生把各种逻辑错误熟练的掌握，并能清楚明白的表述出来，成绩一般不会低于4分。Argument题库中的逻辑错误，修文粗略的统计了一下，大概有8、9种，如果考生想要在Argument部分拿到4.5以上的成绩，那么针对每种错误 类型练习至少要练习3篇，总数在30左右就可以了。

(二)。练习的质量---(从实力化角度提高GRE写作水平)：

1.大量阅读

A.读文章

本书给出的GRE写作范文，是最好的备考素材，同时GRE阅读部分的文章也是我们有针对性地阅读的一个素材库，要扎扎实实地提高英语写作水平，就必须要 以扎扎实实的阅读量为前提之一，必须体会地道的、漂亮的语言是怎么写出来的，通过对范文的语言内容和逻辑的理解来学习写作中词汇的使用、句型的使用。在阅 读中，你有机会把语言与语言所包含的内容、思维方式联系起来。范文中的一个词或者词组、句式，由于处在具体的语言环境中，你就能体会到它的确切内涵和外 延，以及用法，通过不断的积累这些好词好句的用法，你的写作用词和炼句的能力就稳步的提高。因此，对于考生来说，不要死记范文，应该怎么利用范文呢？从宏 观角度说：要从范文中提炼文章的结构和逻辑层级，也就是论证体系。从微观角度说，要从范文中提炼语言点(词、短语、句式)。

B.读历史、哲学、政治等相关书籍，储备GRE写作必须的知识量

GRE写作之所以有其独特的魅力，是因为他所考的题目特点涉及大量的哲学观点、宗教、政治、艺术、社会问题、历史现象，而且要求考生要有理有据的进行 insightful分析和论证，如何做到insightful, 你就必须对一些哲学观点有所了解，这样你自然能够分析的透彻、论证的很有说服力，同时对相关话题在知识储备上有所铺垫，否则将无从说起，无话可说。例如 GRE的Issue部分有这样一道真题：“Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture.Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are.” 典礼和仪式有助于确立一种文化，否则人们的社会或群体的角色归属感削弱。怎么去理解ritual, 西方社会都有哪些对人影响和大的rituals，rituals和归属感为什么有联系，如何联系在一起的，这个话题如果不对宗教有所了解，肯定感觉无从下 手。

其次，GRE写作，有其是Issue写作对于论据的要求是非常高的，因此你的名人事例的储备，相关知识量的积累是非常重要的，历史 长河中的大量的事例是你最有说服力的例证，这一环节也正是GRE考生最为头疼的一部分，举不出支持自己的观点的例子，因此让自己的文章显得只有苍白的论 证，缺乏说服力。因此要多读历史，积累例子，有其关注那些重要的哲学家、科学家、艺术家、政治领袖、商业领袖他们的生平事迹、主要贡献。例如Issue里 的这样一道真题：“Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society.”真正影响深远的思想家和具有高度创造力的艺术家们总是与他们的时代和社会步伐不一致。这个题目你如果没有必备的那些思想家和艺术家的例 子，文章必然缺乏说服力。因此读历史积累写作素材，具体说就是论据素材是拿GRE作文高分的一个重要环节。

2.研习题库、写提纲、练习

Argument部分，首先要熟悉每一个题目，因为题目就是从这题库中抽取，对于每一个题目找出主要的逻辑错误，也就是Argument题目的提纲，同 时每一个逻辑错误准备一套语言套路去说，本书的Argument部分对每个逻辑错误都给出了详细的解析，同时提供了详细的攻击框架和漂亮的论证语言。写完 每一个题目的提纲后，写10-15篇完整的文章(语言能力弱的话，可以增加写作量)，找partner帮你改，知道错误以后重写。

Issue部分，写提纲对于这一部分的备考是至关重要的，也是最占用时间、最核心的一个环节，每一个题目的提纲力求详细，不用去写开头段和结尾段，就写正 文各段你的各个分支观点，也就是正文部分的论证过程，除了论证以外，写完后想想可以用些什么论据，把支持论证的论据也写上。这里，再次强调的是，一定要较 为详细的写Issue提纲，否则，在考场如果遇到没有思考过的题目，很容易乱了阵脚，临场去想，导致失败。此外，题目必须考前按题材分类去写提纲，看懂，知道对立面和大致写作思路，往往论据在同类的很多题目中通用；写完提纲后，再写20-40篇完整的文章(语言能力弱的话，尽量多写)。2012年4月19日13:05:03

第二篇：新GRE写作精华句型及

新GRE写作精华句型及模板

要想在短期内快速提高GRE写作成绩，记一些作文模板无疑是最快捷，高效的一种方法，下面是GRE作文中开头，正文，结尾的一些经典GRE写作模板。希望对考生备考有所帮助。

Argument句型

开头

In this analysis, the arguer claims that … should … To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer cites the example of … where … In addition, the arguer assumes that … This argument is unconvincing for several critical flaws.正文：

For instance … since … what’s more … etc.and how well it represented the public opinions..The sample of the survey is not representative.(样本太小)

the sample is too small to...(光数字没比例)

the ratio of four to six

there is only figures but no proportion of the survey 还是ratio?

Insufficient Sample

If the [respondents] only stand for a tiny proportion of the whole [group], we should not be so sure about the conclusion that [the whole group…]

The arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization.It was only carried out in Sun City, but the arguer applies its result to all the company’s markets while doesn’t show us whether Sun City is a representative market of the whole markets.有的病人会对抗生素过敏

the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization.Even if the maintenance of the airline has been improved as a result of sending its mechanics to the Seminar, which is, of course, an unwarranted assumption, it does not follow that就算怎样，也不怎样 The survey is based on two isolated examples.The arguer should survey more hospitals of both types.循环假设

The arguer commits a fallacy of begging the question in assuming that …结尾：

other possible causes of the …

To conclude, this argument is not persuasive as it stands.以上即是一些经典的GRE写作模板，考生备考时可以借鉴，希望考生能加强记忆这些模板，在GRE作文部分定会有质的飞跃。

关注更多GRE备考方法，请登录新东方在线官方网站：http:///gre/

第三篇：新GRE写作共享

新GRE写作范文共享

下面为大家搜集总结了一篇优秀的新GRE写作范文，供大家参考，希望对考生有所帮助。

GRE写作题目：

Much of the information that people assume is‘factual’actually turns out to be inaccurate.Thus，any piece of information referred to as a‘fact’should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future.大多数人们认为是事实的信息结果实际上都是不准确的。因此，任何据称是事实的信息都应该被质疑，因为它在将来很可能会被证明为是错误的。

新GRE写作范文：

Should we be doubtful to all the information at hands because the rightness of which is uncertain? The speaker claims so，I concede that people often commit various fallacies in the course of cognizing things，however I fundamentally take exception of the arguer's assertion to mistrust every fact we might encounter.And I will substantially discuss my views thereinafter.To begin with，the speaker seems to implicate that a fact would be proven false in the future under numerous circumstance.Nevertheless I prefer to arguer that facts never change.No matter how did the Medieval Church and Inquisition persecute Bruno，the fact never changes that the earth is far from being the center of the universe as the religious sovereigns had assumed or hoped for，while just a minor particle in it.Equally，no matter how Edison had tried to incite the public fear and distrust to the alternative current electricity，the fact never changes that Teals’ electrical system is vastly superior to his direct current electrical one，and would be accepted and applied in larger range.However，what do change are the human's objective interpretations to facts.One compelling argument to this point is that，due to the limitation of human’s knowledge and comprehensive capability，they tend to make insufficient or even false understanding to the certain fact.An apt illustration is the changes of cognition to disease.While at the ancient time，our progenitors believed the a man becoming a patient for the reason that he had conduct crimes or offended some ghosts or spirits，the contemporary people have well know that the varies of pathogens are the basic causes to our diseases，and the defects of our immune system and so forth are also the factors as well.Another argument for the change of comprehension to fact is that different people always observe and interpret from different perspectives.Though the Relativity theory is not well compliable with the Quantum mechanism，no one call the greatness of both Einstein and Bohr，because their theories are based on distinct views，the former from the macrocosm and the later from the microcosm.Notwithstanding the foregoing reasons for that human tend to make fallacies during the cause of comprehending and cognizing facts，these reasons should never be the excuses to doubt every conclusion we might draw from facts.Based on certain rational inference and proper knowledge fundament，the conclusions we make might well be justifiable，if not completely right，to certain degree.What we need to do is to promote the enterprise of pursuing the better answer and try to use the result we have get to application，instead of wasting our time to undue doubt and suspicion.Though the medical scientists have not fully understood the mechanism of how the does the implanted organ interact with the wounded body，they are not refrain from using the implanting skill to save patients，of course the precondition or which is that this technology is much well established than the fundamental theory.To sum up，while I advocate the speaker's opinion that it is inevitable for human to comprehend facts inaccurately，for the reason of the limitation of the abilities，I essentially disagree with his assertion that facts will continually alter themselves，as well as his recommendation to discredit any piece of fact.In the final analysis，I would arguer once more that facts never change and although the misunderstanding to them is inevitable，we should not defer ourselves from the pursuit to fully comprehending them.

第四篇：新gre写作：句式整理

新gre写作：句式整理

新gre写作：句式整理

一、是非问题分析论证句式

1.Whereas other societies look to the past for guidance，we cast our nets forward(面向未来)

2.It is the belief in a brighter future that gives us optimism.3.Even these days，when not all progress seems positive，the belief remains that for every problem there is a rational solution.4.The job of the parents is to give the children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of their way.5.What deference people in authority do command is based on their actual powers rather than on their age，wisdom，or dignity.6.In a society that changes as fast as ours，experience simply does not have the value that it does in traditional societies

7.It has taken a long time to convince the public that free enterprise does not mean that a company should be free to pollute the air，foul the rivers，and destroy the forests.8.The assembly line reduced workers to cogs of machinery and made their jobs unutterably boring，but it produced goods fast.9.Food is prepackaged and shopping is impersonal，but the efficiency of the operation produces lower prices and less shopping time.11.In America，there are no such expressions such as in china where ―the fat pig gets slaughtered，‖ or in Japan，where ―the nail that sticks out gets hammered down.‖

12.This freedom from the group has enabled the American to become ―Economic Man‖—one directed almost purely by profit motive，mobile and unencumbered(不受阻碍的)by family or community obligations.13.Equipped with the money，one can acquire the taste，style，and ideas that mark each class and launch a quick ascent of the social ladder.14.Actually，persons in status societies who are secure in their niches(适当的位置)are allowed more eccentricity than Americans，who rely heavily on signals that other people like them.15.When half the population goes to college，one cannot expect the colleges to maintain the same standards as in countries where only the elite attend.16.Just as not every Japanese is hardworking and deferential to superiors(长者、上司)，not every Chinese is devoted to family，not every American is ambitious or patriotic – or even unsophisticated.17.No one could seriously think that anyone who grows up poor，lives in a bad neighborhood，and attends an inferior school has an opportunity equal to that of someone more favored.18.Americans may not have achieved equality，but at least they aspire to it，which is more than many other nations can claim.19.In many countries，when jobs become available for young people in distant cities，when television begins to dominate home life，when ready – made foods appear in the markets，the culture appears more ―American‖ – although the resemblance could be entirely superficial.20.When the demand for something is greater than its supply，producers and suppliers will sense the possibility of making a profit – the excess of revenues over expenses is the profit.21.As the case illustrates，competition takes four general forms： pure competition，monopoly，monopolistic competition，and oligopoly(少数制造商对市场的控制).22.The classic example of pure competition occurs with a commodity，like wheat or corn，that has so many producers that no one of them can control its selling price.23.A monopoly occurs when one company alone offers a particular food or service and therefore controls the market and price for it.24.Private restaurants serve gourmet food for $70 per person;incentives boosted agricultural production 25 percent and industrial output 80 percent in just three years;farmers are encouraged to raise as much as they can on their own plots，and some become almost rich in the process.(注意本句中分号的使用)

25.All these changes in China’s economic life have brought changes in China’s social and cultural life as well，many of which unwanted.二、逻辑问题分析论证句式The argument fails to rule out the possibility that a writer engage in both types of writing as well as other types.2.The mere fact that ticket sales in recent years for screenplay-based movies have exceeded those for book-based movies is insufficient evidence to conclude that writing screenplays now provides greater financial opportunity for writers.3It is possible that fees paid by movie studios for screenplays will decrease in the future relative to those for book rights.4.In any event，the advertisement provides no justification for the mutually exclusive choice that it imposes on the writer.5.The argument simply equates success with movie ticket sales，which is unwarranted.6.The author assumes that physical capabilities are the only attributes necessary to operate a motor vehicle.7.Moreover，the author provides no evidence that the realism of color photography is the reason for its predominance.8.This assumption presents a false dilemma，since the two media are not necessarily mutually exclusive alternatives.9.Common sense tells us that a photographer can succeed by working in both media.11.The major problem with the argument is that the stated similarities between Company A and B are insufficient to support the conclusion that Company A will suffer a fate similar to Company B’s.10.Consequently，the mere fact that Company A holds a large share of the video – game hardware and software market does not support the claim that Company A will also fail.11.Thus，the author unfairly assumes that highly – rated public television programs are necessarily widely viewed，or popular.12.While this may be true in some cases，it is equally possible that only companies with products that are already best – sellers can afford the higher ad rates that popular shows demand.13.Admittedly，the vice president’s reasoning linking employee benefits with company profits seems reasonable on the surface.14.One can infer from the survey’s results that a full one – third of the respondents may have viewed the current benefits package unfavorably.15.Lacking more specific information about how these other employees responded，it is impossible to assess the reliability of the survey’s results or to make an informed recommendation.16.It is unlikely that the brief one – week periods under comparison are representative of longer time periods.17.If so，even though 3 percent more accidents occurred after the change，the author’s argument that changing the speed limit increases danger for drivers would be seriously weakened.18.In addition，while it is true that many voters change their minds several times before voting，and that some remain undecided until entering the voting booth，this is not true of everyone.Moreover，the author fails to consider and rule out other factors that might account for proportional decreases in spending on food.20.Without knowing the extent and nature of the damage resulting from the bad publicity or the reason for the violation，we cannot accept the author’s conclusion.The author’s proposal is inconsistent with the author’s conclusion about the consequences of adopting an ethics code.22.To begin with，the author fails to consider health threats posed by incinerating trash.23.The author’s conclusion that switching to incineration would be more salutary for public health would be seriously undermined.24.However，this is not necessarily the case.25.The author’s implicit claim that incinerators are economically advantageous to landfills is poorly supported.26.Consequently，unless the author can demonstrate that the city will incur expenses that are not covered by the increased revenues from these projects，the author’s concern about these issues is unfounded.27.First of all，while asserting that real incomes are rising，the author provides no evidence to support this assertion.为了提高自己的新gre写作水平而努力的，非常期望这些能够帮助大家提高在2011新gre写作表达能力，备考好新gre考试。

第五篇：新GRE写作例子使用原则

新GRE写作例子使用原则

相关性很重要，不要提供不相关的信息，和大家众所周知又对你论证不是非常必要的内容。举个不恰当的例子，说爱因斯坦和相对论的时候，不需要说爱因斯坦的其他理论;说莱特兄弟发明飞机的时候，没有必要说他们当时在哪个州。这些看似比较显而易见，但是如果自己比较随意，就会有很多不相关的信息传递出去。

不能只提供例子，不提供对例子的分析，哪怕只有一句话。例子出现的时刻，应该是分析到了一定程度，水到渠成了自然出现。然后例子之后，最好再加1-2句为什么这个例子能支撑我的观点，或者是，我们能从这个例子看出什么，或者是，这个例子为什么很重要。这样就显得饱满。

上述就是有关新GRE作文例子使用的问题解答，此外，例子其实不能展得太开。一个观点段，大概只有6-8句话。那么例子差不多也就2句话。有些例子可能只有一句话，或者只有一个such as blablabla.一定要精练，才能真正的助力GRE作文高分。