第一篇：电大本科英语作文整理
（4）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage on the topic My Home.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below.1． 描述你家的位置
2． 各个房间的功能
3． 表达你对你们家居条件的态度
参考范文：
My Home
1.My home is a newly-built house in the north of the city.We have three rooms in addition to the kitchen and bathroom.我的家是一个新建的房子在城市的北边。我们有除了厨房和卫生间有3间房间。
2.The first room is the main room or living room.It is for having meals, relaxing, reading, watching television and so on.It is the busiest room in the house.The second room is my daughter’s bedroom.She sleeps and dresses there.The third room belongs to my wife and me.It seems quite spacious because we have little furniture.We sleep, prepare lessons and generally relax there.第一个房间是一个主要生活间或者说是客厅。这是用来吃饭、休息、读书、看电视或者其他一些活动的地方。这是房子里最忙的房间。第二个房间是我女儿的卧室。她在里面睡觉、换衣服。第三个房间属于我的妻子和我。它看起来相当宽敞因为家具很少。我们在里面准备课程、普遍都在里面休息。
3.I think my home is cozy and I like my home.我觉得我的家很舒适，我喜欢我的家。
（5）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to a new friend, telling him/her about your ambitions and dreams.You should write at least 80 words and base your letter on the Chinese outline below.1.童年的梦想
2.目前的情况对未来的希望
参考范文：
5th January 2010
Dear Mary,Thank you for telling me about yourself.I’d like to let you know more about me too.亲爱的Mary，谢谢你告诉我关于你的事情。我也想让你更了解我。
1.As a child, I wanted to be a detective.I thought a detective was really great because he could solve criminal cases to do justice.从小，我就想变成一个侦探。我觉得一个侦探非常棒，因为他能公平的解决刑事案件。
2.But my dream never came true.I’m now a librarian, dealing with books every day.The work is nothing thrilling, but I like it.但是我的梦想总不会实现。我现在是一位图书管理员，每天都对着书本。工作上没有令人兴奋的，但我喜欢它。
3.Since there are more and more electronic materials, I hope that we will have an e-library built soon.自从有越来越多的电子科技，我希望我们很快的有一个电子图书馆。
Looking forward to hearing from you again.期待再收到你的来信。
Best wishes,Ian
（6）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic My Ideal Job.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below.1.你理想的工作是什么
2.你的理由
3.如何实现你的理想
参考范文：
My Ideal Job
Everybody has his dream for his career in the future.He or she might want to be a teacher, a doctor, a scientist, a sportsman and so on.每个人都会梦想自己将来的事业。他或她可能想成为一位教师，一位医生，一位科学家，一位运动员或者其他。
1.To tell you the truth, my ideal job is in business.The idea came into being when I was a child.实话告诉你，我理想的工作是经商。当我还是个孩子时有了这个想法。
2.With the development of market economy, there are many prosperous opportunities in
business.I like reading stories about some successful businessmen such as Bill Gates, Li Jiacheng, etc.I believe I will be a man like them some day.随着市场经济的发展，在经商中有很多繁荣的机遇。我喜欢阅读一些关于成功的名人故事，比如比尔·盖茨，李嘉诚等等。我相信我在将来的某一天也会成为像他们一样的男人。
3.Now, I am majoring in Computering.I must study hard to get myself qualified for my future job.现在，我主修计算员。我必须努力学习让自己能胜任未来的工作。
（7）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic My Favorite Means of Transportation.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below.1.哪一种是你最喜欢的交通方式
2.阐述你的理由
3.做出结论
参考范文：
My Favorite Means of Transportation
1.In a modern society, there are many means of transportation, such as subway, taxi, bus and so on.But my favorite means of transportation is by bike.在现代社会中，有许多的交通方式，就像地铁、出租车、公交车等。但是我最喜欢的交通方式是骑自行车。
2.First, riding a bike is good for keeping healthy.I spend one hour riding a bike to my office on my working day, and I think it is a good form of physical exercise.Secondly, it is money-saving.Recently, the private car drivers always complain the price of gas is higher and higher, but if you ride a bike, it will cost you nothing.Thirdly, it is beneficial for protecting the environment, so it is a “green” form of transportation.第一，骑车能保持健康的身体。在我工作日我会花一个小时的时间骑车到我的办公室，我觉得这是一个很好的体育运动方式。第二，这很节约钱。最近，私人汽车司机总是抱怨的天然气的价格越来越高，但如果你骑车，这花费不了你什么。第三，它有利于保护环境，因此,它是一个“绿色”的大众运输系统 3.Therefore, although it has some disadvantages, I like riding a bike best.因此,尽管它有一些缺点,我还是最喜欢骑自行车。
（8）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic: My Favorite TV Program.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below.1．你最喜欢的电视节目是什么
2．你喜欢它的理由
3．做出结论
参考范文：
My Favorite TV Program
1.CCTV today offers a great variety of programs to meet different needs and tastes.For example, the weather forecast, serials, films, sports and so on.My favorite TV program, however, is the news.现在CCTV提供各种各样的节目以满足不同的需求和品位。比如说，天气预报，连续剧，电影，运动等。我最喜欢的电视节目是新闻。
2.There are several points that are worth mentioning.For one thing, it covers news about important events both at home and abroad.Besides, the news it provides is timely and reliable.Finally, it broadcasts in the evening during the so-called “golden time”.It saves me much time reading through newspapers for current affairs.有几处是值得提一下的。首先，它涵盖了国内国外的重要事件消息。另外，它提供的消息及时、可靠。最后，它在晚上的“黄金时间”播出。它为我节省了很多看报纸来知晓事件的时间。
3.In short, watching the news on CCTV has become part of my daily life.总之，在CCTV看新闻已经成为我的一部分日常生活。
（9）《期末复习指导》模拟试题1
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic My Hobbies.You should write at least 80 words and could base your writing by using the hints given below.利用所给提示写一篇短文，说明你的业余爱好以及它们的益处。
因…而得到好处在我的业余时间养花骑车保持身心平衡
benefit from / in my spare time / raising flowers / cycling / maintaining a mental and physical balance
参考范文：
My Hobbies
Hobbies are activities from which one can benefit a lot.In my spare time, I like painting, singing, raising flowers and cycling.My hobbies help me relax after periods of hard work.Moreover, I can make many friends who share the same hobbies with me.My hobbies make me maintain a mental and physical balance.As you can see, hobbies can be relaxing, challenging, interesting, enjoyable or educational.So everyone should have one or two hobbies.一个好的业余爱好会使我们受益匪浅。在我的业余时间，我喜欢画画，唱歌，养花和骑车。我的爱好帮助我在艰苦的工作时间中得到放松。而且，我可以结识和我分享相同爱好的朋友。我的爱好是我保持身心平衡。正如你所看到的,业余爱好可以舒适地、具有挑战性的,有趣的,愉快的还是教育的。所以每个人都应该有一个或两个爱好。
（10）《期末复习指导》模拟试题2
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic Living in a Big City.You should write at least 80 words and could base your writing by using the hints given below.利用所给提示写一篇短文，说明居住在大城市中的优缺点。
城市生活是具有吸引力的,有这么多优点和方便超市或购物中心
city life is attractive with all its advantages and conveniences / supermarkets or shopping malls /外出进餐城市的不断扩张流入
dine out / expansion of the city / flowing into
参考范文：
Living in a Big City
In the eyes of many people, city life is attractive with all its advantages and conveniences.People can buy almost all kinds of things at supermarkets or shopping malls, dine out in good restaurants;and more important, they can have more educational opportunities.However, with the expansion of the city, more and more people are flowing into the big city.Now the traffic is heavier and heavier.The pollution problem is getting more and more serious.The living condition is worse and worse.Most people love the advantages of the city life, but a big city also has its disadvantages.在很多人的眼里，城市生活是具有吸引力的,有这么多优点和方便。人们几乎可以在超市和商场买到各种各样的东西，在外面的餐馆吃饭；最重要的是，他们可以拥有更多的受教育机会。然而,随着城市的不断扩张，越来越多的人涌进这个大城市。现在交通越来越沉重。污染问题越来越严重。生活条件越来越差。大多数人都喜欢城市生活的优势,但是一个很大的城市也有它的劣势。
第二篇：电大本科英语II作文
作文
１、My ideal job(我理想的工作)
I have been dreamed to be a teacher since I was a kid.Everyday when I arrived at school, my lovely teacher would give me a warm hug with a big shining smile.It made me felt like a flower which had been taken good care by the gardener and I felt comfortable.Not only me, but also the other kids had the same feeling, and this feeling helped us grow happy and healthy.So I thought, teacher was such a job that full of significance.I do should be a teacher.I have studied so hard since then, and I believe the solid basis of the job is build on it.I will stick to my faith and work even harder.I believe my dream will come ture sooner or later.2,Talking About Myself(自我介绍)
My name is Holly.I’m 37years old.I’m from Ningxia.I’m a math teacher in a primary school.My school is far away from my home.So I usually take the bus to work.There are three people in my family.They are my wife, my daughter and I.My wife is a doctor in a big hospital and my daughter is a ten-year-old pupil.In my spare time, I like reading books, watching TV, playing table tennis and so on.I used to fishing in the weekends, but I don’t now,because I have to attend class in the TV University.3,My Family（我的家庭）
There are five persons in my family, my parents, my wife, my daughter and I.My father used to be a senior engineer.His responsibility was designing new machines.My mother would work in a factory.They are retired now.My father is very serious about everything in life and pays attention to the details.My mother is patient and hardworking.I take after my parents.They have influence upon me to make me a good teacher.My wife is a nurse and she is very busy everyday.My daughter is a pupil.She is pretty and lovely and looks like her mother.4,My Family Life（我的家庭生活）
Like most ordinary Chinese families, my family life is busy and meaningful.My family members often get up at about six o’clock in the mornings.My wife deals with my little kid, while I’m cooking the breakfast.I drive my daughter to her school and then to my work.My wife takes the subway to her hospital.Around 4:30 p.m., I pick up my daughter and do some grocery shopping.My wife is good at cooking.So when we arrive home, a delicious meal is waiting for us.During the eating, we chat about interesting things from our daily life and discuss current affairs.We go tobed at 10 p.m.5,Changes in My Life（我生活中的变化）
There have been many changes in my life.With the development of the economy, my life is better off.For clothing, I have spare money to buy sorts of pretty clothes.But in the past, there were fewer clothes in my wardrobe.For food, I usually had traditional Chinese food for every meal, rice, noodles or a steamed bun with one or two light dishes such as preserved pickles.Nowadays, Ican afford any delicious food, including western foods.For housing, I have moved from a cramped and gloomy room to a big and bright flat.For getting around, I rode an old bike on my way to work a year ago.At present, I drive my private car to travel.I believe my life will be better and better in the future.6,My Home（我的家）
I am living on the 10th floor of a tower building with my wife and daughter.It is a newly-built block of flats with 22 stories altogether in the north of the city.We have three bedrooms, one big living-room, one kitchen and two bathrooms.The size is about 127 square meters.When we moved in three years ago.I painted the doors myself, but I had the window frames painted.We are satisfied with the decorations except the cupboards in the kitchen, so I need to build them again.The neighborhood is nice too.I think my home is cozy and I like my home.7,My Hobbies（我的业余爱好）
Hobbies are activities from which one can benefit a lot.In my spare time, I like painting, singing, raising flowers and cycling.My hobbies help me relax after periods of hard work.Moreover, I can make many friends who share the same hobbies with me.My hobbies help me maintain a mental and physical balance.As you can see, hobbies can be relaxing, challenging, interesting, enjoyable or educational.So everyone should have one or two hobbies, then the life is meaningful and amusing.8,My Favorite Sport（我喜爱的运动）
My favorite sport is swimming.There are three reasons why I like the sport best.First, it is good for keeping fit.It benefits the heart, the lungs(肺)and the limbs(四肢).Thanks to the sport, I lost my weight and am graceful in form.Second, it is easy to find a place to swim.In the country, I can swim in lakes and rivers.In the city, there are many swimming pools spotted among the residential areas.Third, it can be done in any weather.It is very cool swimming in hot summer.In cold weather, swimming is especially refreshing.Swimming is a very popular sport.I hope you can enjoy it too.9,Health and Eating Habit（健康与饮食习惯）
An eating habit is closely related to health.In order to keep fit, we should pay more attention to our eating habits.My suggestions for a good eating habit are as follows.First, don’t eat too much or too little for each meal.Eating too much will cause overweight and eating too little, malnutrition(营养不良).Second, don’t eat between meals.Sometimes we like eating biscuits and chips before the mealtime, as a result, we lose our appetite(胃口)for lunch or dinner.Third, eat more vegetables and fruits everyday.In my opinion, a good eating habit leads to a healthy life.10,How to Keep Healthy（如何保持身体健康)
Nowadays, more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.Without good health, we can do nothing.For me, there are mainly three ways to keep healthy.First, it is necessary to keep a balanced diet, which is the basis of good health.We should have plenty of fruits and vegetables everyday.Secondly, it is important to do regular exercises, such as swimming, jogging and so on.Last but not least, it is essential to keep in good spirits.Relaxation and entertainment are ways to renew our spirits and release our stress.When we make healthy habits a part of our everyday life, we are bound to keep healthy.11,High School Life and College Life（我的大学生活）
High school life is quite different from college life.In high school, the students have to wear school uniform.Teachers always ask students to do many tasks in the classroom and supervise students’ behavior in detail.In college, students have to be responsible for themselves.They have more freedom in college than in high school.For example, they put on the casual clothes instead of uniform.Tutors give them lectures and assignments, and they must spend more time studying by themselves in the library.That means students must manage themselves very well.Although I often recall my high school life, I like college life more.12,My TV University Life（我的电大生活）
Our TV University is mainly engaged in long distance education.The form of study is very convenient for adult learners like me.I can learn my courses anywhere in my spare time by computer.There are many web-based courses and sources on line.Moreover, I not only use e-mail to send our homework to our tutors but also join online discussion forums.Meantime, the difficulties and puzzles can be solved in the tutorial once a week.The e-learning life is meaningful and demanding.I enjoy my TV university life.13,Living in a Big City（城市生活）
In the eyes of many people, city life is attractive with all its advantages and conveniences.People can buy almost all kinds of things at supermarkets or shopping malls, dine out in good restaurants, and more important, they can have more educational opportunities.However, with the expansion of the city, more and more people are flowing into the big city, the traffic is heavier and heavier, the pollution is more and more serious, and the living condition is worse and worse.Most people love the advantages of city life, but a big city also has its disadvantages.14,Help For Elderly People（爱护老人）
It is reported that China has stepped into an aging society.As the aging of the population quickens, the number of elderly people is becoming very large.Therefore, it is necessary to find good ways to deal with the problem.According to traditional Chinese moral values, it is the sons or daughters who should take the responsibility of caring their elderly parents.The youth should not only look after their elderly parents in material terms but also understand their loneliness and do their best to spend more time with them.But because the family plan has been carried out for many years in China, it is a common picture that a young couple has to support four elderly parents.This trend will reach its peak in coming years.The government is responsible for guaranteeing the basic living standards of the elderly and safeguard(保护)their legitimate(合法的)rights and interests and establish a multi-level old-age insurance system.15,My English Studies（我的英语学习）
I have been learning English for more than twenty years.Recalling my English studies, I would like to share some good ways and some frustrations with you.First, I am independent in English studies.Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, I try to find the patterns and rules on my own.Second, I am an active English learner.I never wait for a chance using English.I look for such a chance, and create a language environment by myself.I am willing to make mistakes and not afraid of losing face.Try your best to enjoy the pleasure of English studies, bear in mind that “frustration gets you nowhere”.(焦虑于事无补)
第三篇：最新复习资料电大本科学位英语复习资料
会计学学位英语复习资料
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个与其它三个划线部分读音不同的选项 A.grapes
B.changes
C.tables
√D.libraries
√A.enough
B.fight
C.neighbor
D.daughter √A.would
B.ground
C.about
D.out
√A.large
(g的发音)
B.gay(g的发音)
C.glory(g的发音)
D.grammar
(g的发音)A.brown
B.south
C.loudly
√D.bought
√A.thrown
B.and then
C.the results
D.their
A.and
B.are
C.for
D.Now A.arrived
B.can see
C.of the
√D.that A.instead of
√B.lie
C.in bed
D.working A.there
B.than
C.driving a car
D.easier It was not very _______ of you to sell the house.The price is increasing增长中 everyday.A.clear
B.friendly
√C.wise
D.kind
None of them spoke English _______ Sam.√A.except不同种类的 B.exception
C.except for 完整的,但有暇疵的 D.except of It was difficult to guess what her ________ to the news would be.A.comment
B.impression
C.opinion
√D.reaction 反应,反作用 Mr.Wang is an engineer工程师 _______ profession专业.A.at
B.on
C.by
√D.with
The boy __________ the dog with a thick stick粗手杖 but the dog did not yield服从.A.came with
√?B.won over在…上越过
C.won at
√林D.came at
They were so far away that I couldn't _______ their faces表情 clearly.A.make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑
B.make at袭击, 扑向
√C.make out辨认出
D.see through看穿, 识破
I didn't know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.A.happened发生,碰巧
B.occurred发生,出现
√林C.emerged浮现
√D.appeared出现,出席,发表
Send us a message if you _______ any difficulty.A.had
B.will have
C.have had
√D.have
Since we can't hear you at the back of the hall, you'll have to _raise提高_ your voice.(此题无选择项)
The race赛跑 was so close紧凑 that everyone was ________ at the finish.A.working out
B.winning over
C.thinking of
√D.holding his breath屏气凝神 He is given answers that only _______ his confusion混淆.A.come with产生
B.add with
C.come up发生
√D.add to 增加
Inquiries调查 _________ the condition情形 of the patients患者 may be made personally亲自 or by telephone.√A.concerning关于
B.affecting感人的 C.following跟随
D.revealing有启迪性的 This is a ____ argumen争论t.A.convinced确信
√B.convincing令人信服的 C.inconvincible难以令人信服的 D.convince 使信服
He said he _______ return返回 from Germany the next day.√A.was to
B.is going to
√林C.would go to
D.is to
Nobody knows how long and how seriously真诚地 the shakiness不稳定 in the financial财政金融 system will ___ down the economy节约措施.
A.settle
---settle down定居,专心于
B.drag
---drag down把...向下拖,使衰弱
√C.knock---knock down击倒, 拆卸, 拍卖出
D.put
---put down放下 She did not feel _____ going out, as she had a slight轻微的 headache头痛.√A.like
B.after
C.for
D.about It's a pity可惜的 _______ you missed such an interesting program.A.when
B.what
√C.that
D.which
If you don't go to school _______, you will not learn your lessons very well.A.finally最终
√B.regularly 有规律地
C.exact精确的 D.properly 适当地 He smiled and told me I would receive收到 a(n)______ $ 100 a year!
A.exactly正确地
B.addition
增加物
√C.extra额外的 D.more 更多
His plan _______ by those who heard it.A.were laughing at
√林B.was laughing at
---laugh at嘲笑
√C.was laughed at哄笑
D.was laughed
My father never gave me _______.√A.much advice忠告
B.many advices
C.a lot of advices
D.many advice
“I believe you and Sally will really impress留下印象 the teacher.” “Well, don't expect期待 ___.”
A.us of too much
√B.too much of us
C.of us too much
D.us for too much
_______ many of the customers顾客 work during the day, Billy has to collect聚集 the money from them at night.A.Although
B.Therefore
C.From
√D.Since
Please don't leave the building _______ to do so.A.because asked
B.if asking
C.when asking
√D.unless asked
________ he works hard, I didn't mind when he finishes the experiment实验.√A.So long as只要
B.As well as也,又
C.So far as 只有,就…而言as far as I know...就我所知
D.As soon as一…就…
I know that either you or your father ______ a copy.√A.has
B.are to have
C.have had
D.have
PS:
Either…or…二选一
neither…nor…既不…也不…
I know nothing about it ___ what I have read in the papers.A.beside在…旁
B.expect期待
√C.except 除…外
D.besides此外
Sunglasses太阳镜 are used to _____ people's eyes from the light of the sun.√A.protect保护
B.stop阻止
C.save保存
D.prevent防止 Get up earlier早的 _______ you can catch the train tomorrow morning.A.in order
√B.so that
..== in order to 表示目的C.such that …such that+sentence
D.if
PS: so+adj．／adv．+that clause（so后跟形容词或副词）
； such（a／an）+n．+that clause（such后跟名词）
The police did not at first
her
the crime罪行.√A.contact接触 with
B.connect连接 to
C.contact to
D.connect, with
2007年4月会计学位模拟试题(1)1.从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个与其它三个划线部分读音不同的选项
A.match
√B.fast
C.have
D.sad
A.cold B.old C.whole
√D.some 3.√ A.through B.another C.either D.though 4.A.out
√B.would C.ground D.about 5.A.neighbor B.fight √C.enough D.daughter
一、语音题（红色为正确答案）
1.从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个与其它三个划线部分读音不同的选项
√ A.bought B.brown
C.south
D.loudly 2.A.out
√B.would C.ground D.about 3.A.grammar
(g的发音)B.large
(g的发音)
√C.gay(g的发音)D.glory(g的发音)4.A.sight B.case
√C.nose D.list5.A.daughter √ B.enough C.fight D.neighbor 1
一。买
B。褐色
C。南方
D。大声地 2.一。在外
B。会
C。地面
D。大约
3.一。文法(g 的发音)
B。大的(g 的发音)
C。gay(g 的发音)
D。光荣(g 的发音)4.一。视力
B。情形
C。鼻子
D。目录 5.一。女儿
B。充足
C。打架
D。邻居
二、判断题
1.He got two pieces of informations about the new product.A.got
√B.informations
C.about
D.product 2.He cannot remember the thing whose made me very sad.A.cannot
B.thing √ C.whose
D.sad 3.It's easier for me to go there on foot than driving a car.A.easier
B.there
C.than √ D.driving a car 4.You should be working instead of lie there in bed.A.working
B.instead of √
C.lie
D.in bed 5.Now that the newspaper arrived we can see the scores of the tennis matches.A.that
√B.arrived
C.can see
D.of the
三、词汇题
1.If the train arrives _______ it should be three o'clock exactly.A.in time √
B.on time
C.from time to time
D.at times 2.Many words in the English language are French in _______
A.context
B.source √
C.origin
D.vocabulary 3.This is the problem _______ you should pay attention.√
A.to which
B.on which
C.at which
D.which 4.The _______ you are, the happier they will be.A.more kinder
B.more kind √
C.kinder
D.kind 5.We were _______ for half an hour in the traffic交通事故 and so we arrived late.A.put back延误
B.broke down破裂
√ C.held up被占（抢劫）
D.kept off不接近
6.Unless he is ________ intense love, he hardly ever looks into someone else's eyes for very long.√
A.confessing
B.refusing
C.granting
D.covering 7.The speech _____, a lively discussion started.A.being delivered
B.be delivered
C.was delivered √
D.having been delivered 8.Mr.John kept thinking hard, but failed to _______a workable plan.√
A.come up with
B.come up against
C.come up to
D.come up for 9.He never _________ to read the news but turned at once to the crossword on the last page.A.worried
B.noticed
C.pained √
D.troubled 10.All I'm trying to do is to _______ why your condition has not been improved.A.look for
√
B.find out
C.search for
D.look over 11.This is the hotel _______ I met the famous actor Chen Long.A.which
√
B.in which
C.that
D.in that 12.Not until your work is finished _______.A.you can leave
√
B.can you leave
C.you can't leave
D.can't you leave 13.They were so far away that I couldn't _______ their faces clearly.A.see through
B.make up
C.make at √
D.make out 14.I can hardly believe my eyes.This _______ man is actually a scientist who once won the Nobel Prize.A.remarkable
B.unusual
C.magnificent √
D.unremarkable 15.He said he _______ return from Germany the next day.A.is to √
B.was to
C.is going to
D.would go to 16.I ran _______ Alice, who was on her way to see how I was getting along.A.up
B.out of
C.over √
D.into 17.I know nothing about it ___ what I have read in the papers.A.besides
B.beside
C.expect
√
D.except 18.The government will have to work hard __________ the confidence of the people after the terrible event.√
A.to win back
B.to win through
C.to come up with
D.to come at 19.None of them spoke English _______ Sam.A.except of √
B.except
C.exception
D.except for 20.________ he works hard, I didn't mind when he finishes the experiment.A.As soon as
√
B.So long as
C.As well as
D.So far as 21.I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat _________.A.disapproval
B.rejection √
C.refusal
D.decline 22.“Do you think that the labor bill will be passed?”劳工案是否通过 “Oh, yes.It's _______ that it will.”
A.almost surelysurely
adv.的确地, 安全地
√
B.very likelyte
adj.很可能的, 合适的, 可靠的, 有希望的adv.或许, 很可能
C.near positiveh肯定的 D.quite certainly 的确
23.Send us a message if you _______ any difficulty.（重复）√
A.have
B.had
C.will have
D.have had 24.It was difficult to guess what her ________ to the news would be.√
A.reaction反应
B.comment意见
C.impression感想
D.opinion意见，看法
25.Could I borrow that book when you've finished _______ it?
A.to read
B.not to read
C.in reading √
D.reading 26.I will repair this new TV set without charging免费 because it is under _______.A.initial最初
B.trial考验
√
C.guarantee保证期
D.maximum最大量
27.They have never heard any
.顾客投诉
A.a customer complaint
B.the customer's complaints √
C.customer's complaint
D.the customers' complaints 28.He is given answers that only
his confusion混淆.（重复）√ A.add to增加
B.come with伴随…发生
C.add with
D.come up上升，发生
29.many of the customers work during the day, Billy has to collect收集 the money from them at night.√
A.Since
B.Although
C.Therefore
D.From 30.I'll call to see you this evening _______ I can stay only a few minutes.A.which
B.however然而
C.even
√
D.though虽然
二、判断题
1.Every one of the students had to do their own experiment试验, and then于是 professor Brown judged判断
the results结果.√ A.their
（his?）
B.own
C.and then
D.the results 2.The problem is how we can operate the new machine on such a short time.A.how
B.operate
√ C.on(in?)
D.a 3.He cannot remember the thing whose made me very sad.A.cannot
B.thing
√ C.whose(which?)
D.sad 4.Now that the newspaper arrived we can see the scores of the tennis matches.A.that
√ B.arrived 到达
C.can see
D.of the 5.Only after he comes to consciousness意识 you can make the final decision结果.A.Only
B.to
√ C.you can（can you?）
D.make
三、词汇题
1.We were _______ for half an hour in the traffic交通事故 and so we arrived late.（重复P4）
A.put back延误
B.broke down破裂
√ C.held up被占（抢劫）
D.kept off不接近
2.I didn't know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.（重复P1）
A.happened发生,碰巧
B.occurred发生,出现
√林C.emerged浮现
√D.appeared出现,出席,发表
7.The speech演讲 _____, a lively discussion started活跃的讨论开始了.（重复P4）
A.being delivered送递
B.be delivered
C.was delivered √
D.having been delivered
4.Some of your suggestions意见 have been adopted采用 but others have been _______ as they are not workable有效.A.turned away防止
√B.turned down拒绝
C.turned back挡住
D.turned out驱逐
5.The police did not at first
her
the crime罪行.√ A.connect with 连接
B.contact with和…一致
C.connect关连 to
D.contact接触 to
6.He is given answers that only
his confusion.（重复）√
A.add to
B.come with
C.add with
D.come up 7.The United Nations Conference商会 on Global Environment全球环境, which took place earlier this year in Vienna维也纳, was a very ________ meeting.√
A.productive多产
B.communicative畅谈
C.aggressive侵略性的 D.protective保护的
8.You ______ drive on the right靠右行驶 in the U.S.A.A.will be
B.must √C.have to
D.shall 9.Nobody knows how long and how seriously认真地 the shakiness震动 in the financial system will _________ down the economy经济.（重复P1，答案不同）
A.put放下
B.settle专心 √C.drag使衰弱
D.knock击倒
10.It was a long drive to get to the beach海滩 and we three took the wheel轮子
.A.over turn在旋转之上
B.with turn藉由旋转 √ C.in turn依次
D.on turn在旋转上
11.Send us a message if you _______ any difficulty.（重复）√
A.have
B.had
C.will have
D.have had 12“I'm leaving now.” “Make sure _______ the door.”
A.to have locked
B.after locking
√C.you have locked
D.for you to lock
13.He didn't live up to实践 ____________ had been expected期待 of him √ A.what
B.which
C.that
D.all 14.The escaped prisoner逃亡的囚犯 waited until _____ of night before leaving his hiding遮盖 place.√A.dark黑暗
B.deep深处
C.depth深刻
D.dead 15.Sunglasses are used to _____ people's eyes from the light of the sun.A.prevent防止
√ B.protect保护
C.stop停止
D.save解救
16.If you don't go to school _______, you will not learn your lessons very well.（重复）
A.finally最终
√B.regularly 有规律地
C.exact精确的 D.properly 适当地
17.Life insurance人寿保险, _______ available可利用的 only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained获得 for old people.A.before在…之前
B.after在…之后
C.former从前
D.previously以前
18.I ran _______ Alice, who was on her way to see how I was getting along.（重复）
A.up
B.out of
C.over √ D.into 19.I felt that I was not yet _______ to travel旅行.A.strongly enough
B.enough strongly √
C.strong enough
D.enough strong 20.Without even thinking about _______ he was doing, he stopped the car.A.whether B.where C.that √
D.what 21.The government will have to work hard __________ the confidence of the people after the terrible event.（重复P5）
√
A.to win back B.to win through C.to come up with D.to come at 22.It seems very difficult _______.A.to stop the child to cry
B.restraining the child to cry √
C.to keep the child from crying使孩子不哭泣
D.holding the child's crying 23.“I believe you and Sally will really impress the teacher.” “Well, don't expect期待 _______.”
A.us for too much
B.us of too much
√ C.too much of us
D.of us too much
（重复P2）
24._______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.既然我的头已经清醒的,我脑也正在开始好多了工作。
A.For
B.Since √C.Now D.Despite 25.He lived to be ninety-eight, the _______ man in Bulgaria保加利亚.√
A.healthiest最健康的 B.healthful有益健康的 C.health 健康
D.healthily健康地
26.It was not very _______ of you to sell the house.The price is increasing everyday.重复P1
A.kind
B.clear C.friendly √ D.wise 27.The noise噪音 of the traffic交易 _________ Paul保罗 from his work.A.prevented防止
√ B.distracted心烦意乱的 C.annoyed使苦恼
D.upset使不适
28.Mary was going to a wedding婚宴 so she brushed刷（发）_______ well.√ A.her hair
B.her hairs
C.the hair
D.the hairs 29.She did not feel _______ going out, as she had a slight headache轻微头痛.（重复P2）
A.about √ B.like
C.after
D.for 30.None of them spoke English _______ Sam.（重复）
A.except of
√B.except
C.exception
D.except for 1.二、判断题
1.学生的每一必须做他们的自己实验, 然後教授布朗判断了结果。一。他们的 B。自己的 C。然後 D。结果 2.问题是我们在如此的一个短时间能操作新的机器方式。一。如何 B。操作 C。在 D。一 3.他不能够记得使我很忧愁的事物。
一。不能够 B。事物 C。谁的 D。忧愁的 4.现在报纸到达我们能看见网球比赛的得分。
一。那 B。到达 C。能看见 D。那 5.只有在他到达 意识你之後能下最后的决定。
A.唯一的 B。到 C。你能 D。制造
三、词汇题
1.我们是 _______半个小时在交通方面而且因此我们晚到达。
一。延误 B。故障 C。支撑 D。避开
2.我不 知道该做什么, 但是然后一个主意突然 ________对我。
一。出现 B。发生 C。发生 D。出现 3.演讲 _____,活泼的讨论开始。
一。被递送 B。被递送 C。被递送 D。有被递送
4.一些你的提议有被采用但是其他人是 _______如同他们不是能工作。
一。拒绝进入 B。把～关小 C。折回 D。把～关掉 5.警察没有起先 她 罪行。
一。连接, 由于 B。连络由于 C。连接到 D。连络到 6.他被给答案那唯一的 _______他的混乱。
一。增加到 B。来由于 C。增加由于 D。发生
7.全球的环境上的联合国会议, 今年稍早在维也纳发生, 是一非常 ________会议。
一。能生产的 B。畅谈的 C。攻击性的 D。给予保护的 8.你 ______在 U.S.A.中的在权利之上的推进力
一。将会是 B。必须 C。必须 D。将
9.没有人知道多久和如何严重的震动在财政的系统中意志 _________下经济置于地面。
一。放 B。长椅 C。累赘 D。敲
10.到达海滩是长的推进力，而且我们三个带了轮子。
一。在旋转之上 B。藉由旋转 C。依次 D。在旋转上 11.送我们一个信息是否你 _______任何的困难。
一。有 B。有 C。将会有 D。有有 12“我现在正在离开”。“确定 _______门。” 一。有锁 B。在锁定之後 C。你有锁 D。因为你到锁 13.他不 符合 ____________已经他被预期。
一。什么 B。哪一 C。那 D。所有的
14.被逃脱的囚犯等候直到 _____夜晚在离开他的藏地方之前。
一。黑暗 B。深的 C。深度 D。死
15.太阳眼镜习惯於 _____来自太阳的光人们的眼睛。
一。避免 B。保护 C。停止 D。救援
16.是否你不 去上学 _______,你将不学习你的课很好。
一。适当地B。最后 C。有规则地 D。正确
17.人寿保险, _______ 可得的唯一对年轻的, 健康的人,现在能被为老人们获得。
一。在 B。在 C。先前的 D。先前
18.我跑 _______爱丽丝, 是在前往看见我如何正在相处的途中。
一。向上的 B。在外 C。结束 D。进入 19.我感觉我是不仍然 _______ 旅行。
一。强烈地充足 B。足够强烈地 C。强壮的充足 D。强壮的充足 20.没有甚至思考大约 _______他正在做,他停止了汽车。
一。是否 B。哪里 C。那 D。什么
21.The 政府将会必须努力地工作 __________在可怕的事件後面的人信心。
一。赢回 B。赢得过 C。发现 D。来在 22.它像是非常困难 _______.一。停止孩子到哭声 B。抑制孩子到哭声 C。使孩子不哭泣 D。捉住孩子的叫喊 23.“我真的相信你和莎莉意志印象老师”。“嗯,不预期 _______.” 一。我们为太多 B。我们太多 C。太多我们 D。我们太多 24._______我的头已经 清除的,我脑也正在开始好多了工作。A.为 B.自 C.现在 D.不在乎
25.他居住是九十八,那 _______在保加利亚里面的男人。
一。最健康的 B。有益健康的 C。健康 D。健康地 26.它是不非常 _______ 你卖房子。价格每天正在增加。
一。类型 B。清楚的 C。友好的 D。明智的 27.交通的噪音 _________来自他的工作保罗。
一。避免 B。分心C。使 D。加深框语 28.玛丽正在这麽去一个婚礼她刷 _______好的。
一。她的头发 B。她的头发 C。头发 D。头发
29.她不 感觉 ______________外出 ,如同她有了一个纤细的头痛一样。
一。大约 B。同类 C。在 D。为 30.他们没有人说了英国语 _______Sam。
一。除 B。除了 C。例外 D。除了为之外
阅读理解
While plant植物 and animal动物 species种类 are disappearing消失 at a rapidly迅速
increasing增长 rate比率 throughout the world, scientists科学家 note记录 some success stories成功故事.For example, the number of elephants象 killed illegally不法地 in Africa has fallen sharply急剧下降.89 thousand were killed in 1983.46thousand were killed one year later.This happened because African countries国家 agreed to establish建立 export limits出口限制 on
ivory象牙 from elephants.Ivory is the hard white material物质 that forms an elephant's two long teeth, or tusks长牙.Countries that import进口 ivory are refusing谢绝 to accept ivory shipments装船 that do not have legal export documents合法的出口公文.The Convention大会 on International Trade in Endangered Species in a treaty条约 signed by 91 nations国家 led to the program for saving endangered计划拯救的 elephants in Africa.Successful成功 efforts成就 also同样 have been made in protecting Africa's endangered濒临灭绝的 mountain山 gorillas大猩猩.Almost差不多 400 of the gorillas survive幸存 in a volcano火山 area范围 on the border边境 of Rwanda卢旺达, Uganda乌干达 and Zaire扎伊尔.The mountain gorilla population人口(数量)has remained剩余 about the same for 15 years.This happened partly部分, because Rwanda developed发展 an important business重要商业 that depends依赖 on protecting保护 the gorillas.Visitors游客 there can pay to get close to watch the gorillas in the animals'
traditional传统的 home area区域.Another successful program is to take endangered animals out of their natural homes.The animals are put into zoos or other protected areas where they can reproduce in safety.The goal目标 of many of these programs is to produce引起 enough animals to put back into the wild野性.1.What is the best title for this passage?
B
2.The number of elephants killed illegally in Africa has decreased减少 greatly in that _A___.3.In Africa, the number of elephants killed illegally in 1983 and 1984 was__C__.4.The number of mountain gorillas has remained about the same for many years partly部分 because of ___C（A）___.5.The phrase短语 “the wild”荒野 in Paragraph 5 refers to __C___.
A.89 000
B.13 500
√C.135 000=89000+46000
D.153 000
Culture shock文化冲击 might可以 be called an occupational disease职业病 of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad移民国外.Like most ailments疾病, it has its own
symptoms症状 and cure治愈.文化冲击可被称为有突然被在移民国外的人们一种职业的疾病。像最大多数的小病,它有它的自己症状和治疗。
Culture shock is precipitated突如其来的 by the anxiety忧虑 that results from losing all our familiar signs熟悉的标记 and symbols符号 of social社会intercourse交流.Those signs or
cues include the thousand and one ways众我方法 in which we orient适宜 ourselves to the
situation情形 of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases购买, when to accept and when to refuse invitations邀请,when to take statements陈述 seriously真诚 and when not.These cues提示, which may be words, gestures,facial expressions面部表情, customs, or norms, are acquired习惯 by all of us in the course在..期间 of growing up成长 and are as much同样多 a part of our
culture文明 as the language we speak or the beliefs信仰 we accept接受.All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.完全缺乏熟悉的社会交往的标志和特征导致的忧虑加速了我们对文化的不适应症。这些标志和记号包括了我们对日常生活环境适应的众多方法： 当到摇动手和该说什么当我们遇见别人, 当该如何示意 , 该如何进行购买，何时该接受和何时该拒绝邀请, 何时该真诚的陈述和何时不那么做。这些提示, 可能是字，手势 , 面部表情，关税或基准, 在成长期间,和同样地被我们全部获得是很多我们的文化一个部份如语言我们说或我们接受的信念。我们全部都为我们的思想和我们的和平数以百计这些开端上的效率靠, 我们不
继续有意识的觉察水平的大部分。
Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed.He or she is like a fish out of water.No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be，a series of props have been knocked from under you followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety.People react to the frustration in much the same way.现在当一个个人进入这些熟悉的开端奇怪的文化 , 所有的或大部分是离开的时候。他或她由水像一条鱼。无论友善你可能是多麽的气量大的或充满,一系列的 支柱从在被挫折和焦虑的感觉跟随的你之下有被敲击。在多相同的方法中人们对～产生反应挫折。
First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort.“The ways of the host country are bad because they make me feel bad.” When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.Another phase of culture shock is regression.The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance.To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified.首先他们拒绝引起不便之处的环境。“因为他们使我感觉坏 , 所以东道主很坏”。当在奇怪的土地中的外国人聚在一起埋怨有东道主国和它的民族事时候, 你能确定他们正在蒙受文化冲击。文化冲击的另外一个时期是衰退。家环境突然承担巨大的重要。对外国人每件事物无理性的变成赞美。
All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered.It usually takes trip home to bring one back to reality.所有的困难和问题被忘记并且只有好的事物回家被记得。它通常带旅行回家对真实把一带来回来。
1.According to the passage, culture shock ___A___.
2.The second month of a year is named February probably because ___C____.A.the god Februa has two faces.因Februa是个双面神
B.it is named after a Roman god who does spring cleaning它由一个做春天清洁的罗马人命名
C.it is time to consider spring cleaning这时是考虑春天清洁的时候了
D.“February” means “two”“ in Latin二月是拉丁文”二”的意思
3.Regarding关于 the origin of the name of the second month of a year, the author作者 is A.A.not very sure不是很确信
B.completely ignorant完全无知
C.very certain非常确定
D.suspicious 可疑
4.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A
A.It is frequently频繁 rainy and stormy暴风 in March in most of North America.北美三月的天气大多数下雨和暴风
B.Every year there are exactly 365 days and twenty-four hours.每年都确切地有365日和24小时
C.People all over the world celebrate cleaning in February.全世界都在2月庆贺清洁
D.God Mars often appear in pictures with snow, lightning and thunder.战神时常以雪闪电雷出现 5.Which of the following statements might be the topic sentence of this passage? A.The months are all named after Roman gods.月份全以罗马神命名
B.The English names of the months of the year are from Latin.英文月份名称来自拉丁文
C.In every year there are exactly 365 days and six hours.每年有365日+6小时
D.The name February comes from a Roman celebration.二月命名来自罗马庆典
B
Yesterday was(1 Jim's birthday).He got a lot of presents(2from)
his friends and family.All the gifts were wrapped _(3with)colored paper.(4)of(5)(6)large, but others were very small.Some(7)heavy, and others were light.One square package was blue, there was a book in it.Another one was long and narrow;it had an umbrella in it.Jim's sister gave him a big,(8)package.He thought it(9)a ball, but it(10).When he(11)the yellow paper that covered it, he saw that it was a globe of the world.After that his brother gave him(12)_gift.It was a big box(13)
green paper.Jim opened it and found another box(14)red paper.He removed the paper and saw a third box;this one was blue in color.Everyone laughed(15)Jim opened the boxes.There were six of them!In the last one he found a small white envelope.There was a piece of paper in the envelope which(16):” Go to the big bed-room.Look(17)the closet near the high window.You will see three suitcases: a
black one, a brown one and a gray one.Your birthday present is in one of these.“
Jim(18)the large bedroom.He went to the closet and began(19)the suitcases.He had to open all of them(20)he saw his brother's present.He was very happy.It was just what Jim wanted----a portable typewriter.
Rote-learning(死记硬背), spoon-fed education匙喂教育, produces导致 a brand烙印 of kids that don't know what to do when entering university进入大学.They are disciplined into following, not leading.他们被训练跟从,而不是领导.Yet the future depends on creativity and imagination.然而未来依赖创造和想像力.The world needs creators, makers and shakers of the new centuries,世界需要创造者,创造和揉合出新的世纪 not the followers of the past centuries.而不是追随过去的世纪.As the numbers increase at college and university level, more students from the lower ends are likely to be thrown into a system designed to choose only learners that have proved excellent in listening to teachers.,如学院和大学平数字增加,更多来自下端的较多学生对进入被设计体系,只会听老师的话,选择能证明的学习者为优良的一个系统之内可能被丢弃
There are three ways to learn: looking, listening and doing.学习只有三个途径:看,听,做
Students and teachers today are a product of learning by listening.学生和老师是今天听的产物.The computer may not be liked by traditional teachers电脑可能不被传统老师喜欢, who use rote-learning to put information谁喜欢死记硬背, which will be out of date in a few years没几年就会落后, into the heads of the students.With computer learning you learn by looking, listening and doing;you use three methods of learning, not just one.Therefore因此, you can learn faster.The changing speed of information is frightening.信息正令人吃惊地变更.What we learn now will be out of date in the near future.我们所学在不久的将来被废弃.So what students are learning now at school may be replaced by the time they finish university.中学时代所学可能在大学时已被取代.We have to learn by choice what to forget我们不得不选择学习忘记.Rote-learning for exams is one thing, but wouldn't it be better to learn how to learn?但它不会是比较好地学习如何学习的吗? The students at university today could possibly be doing a job in the not too distant future which has not yet been invented.今日的大学生可能可以做一项工作是今天尚未出现的.149.According to the author, the future doesn't need _____ D_______.A)creativity创造 B)imagination 想像C)creators创作 D)followers追随者
150.In the author's view作者观点, how can students learn well? D
A)Carefully listen to the teacher in class.小心听老师课堂中的说话
B)Take down every single word said by the teacher.记下老师说的每个词 C)Learn all the notes by heart.学习所有的笔记
D)Combine listening with looking and doing.听看做结合151.What does the author mean by ”The changing speed of information is frightening“?
林 D
A)We don't have enough time to adjust ourselves to the speed of information.我们没有充足的时间调整我们自己到数据的速度
B)What we learned today may not be useful tomorrow.我们今天所学的不是明天所用的 C)The pace of life is too fast.生活的速度太快
D)The world is changing every minute.世界每分钟都正在变更
152.What does the last sentence of the passage tell us?
（不是很确定）林D
C A)Rote-learning is completely harmful.死记硬背十分有害
B)Students may have to do jobs which have not yet been invented.学生可能必须做仍未被创造出来的工作
C)It's better to learn how to learn than learn what to forget.比学习该忘记什么更好的,是学习该如何学习
D)Students must look into the future.学生必须预见未来
153.The author's attitude towards rote-learning is ____ B_____.A)approving满意 B)disapproving不赞成
C)confident确信 D)opposite to what the words say相对而言的Text 3 Since the late 1960s a growing number of women have expressed a strong dissatisfaction不满 with any marriage arrangement wherein the husband and his career are the primary considerations in the marriage.自从 1960 年代後期以後愈来愈多的女人有用～表达一个强烈不满婚姻需主要考虑安排丈夫和他的事业.By the end of the 1970s, for example, considerably相当于 less than half of the women in the United States still believed that they would put their husbands and children ahead of their own careers事业.只有少于一半的美国妇女愿意将丈夫和孩子放在事业之前.More and more American women have come to believe that they should be equal partners rather than junior partners in their marriages.越来越多美国妇女相信他们是与婚姻处在对等的地位.This stage of marriage, 婚姻的这个阶段性,although not typical典型 of most American marriages at present, 虽然现在不是大多数美国婚姻生活的典型, will grow most rapidly in the future.有迅速增长的趋势.In an equal partnership marriage对等的合伙婚姻中, the wife pursues a full-time job or career which has equal importance to her husband's.妻子全职工作,与她的丈夫同等重要.The long-standing长期存在 division of labor劳动分工 between husband and wife comes to an end.长期存在的劳动分工在丈夫和妻子之间结束.The husband is no longer the main主要 provider供给 of family income收入, 丈夫不再是家庭收入的主要供给者, and the wife no longer has the main responsibilities职责 for household duties and raising children.而妻子的主要职责不再是家庭和养育孩子.Husband and wife share all these duties equally.夫妻平等地分担这些责任.Power over family decisions is also shared equally.家庭的决定力量也被相等地分享.The rapid change in women's attitudes toward marriage in the 1970s reflected rapid change in the larger society.The Women's Liberation Movement appeared in the late 1960s, demanding an end to all forms of sexual discrimination against females.女权运动在1960年代后期出现 An Equal Rights Amendment(修正案)to the U.S.Constitution was proposed which would make any form of discrimination歧视 on the basis of sex illegal, and though it has failed to be ratified, it continues to have millions of supporters.一部平等修正案提议修定美国宪法差别以性别歧视是违法的,虽然它有未能被批准,它继续有数以百万计的支持者.154.Since the late 1960s more women have been dissatisfied 不满 with the marriage婚姻生活 where in _林B____(D).A)they are unhappy B)they are in the inferior position她们地位次等
C)only the husband work to earn the living只有丈夫工作谋生 D)the wife only take care of the household妻子照顾家庭
155.What is the long-standing division of labor劳动分工 between husband and wife in America? 林D A)Husband-leader, wife-helper.丈夫-领导者,妻子-助手 B)Husband and wife share the housework.夫妻分担家务 C)Husband and wife have equal partnership.夫妻地位对等
D)Husband plays a superior role while wife plays an inferior role.丈夫扮演上手角色,妻子扮演下等角色
156.Which statement is NOT true about the new type of marriage新型婚姻生活? 林C A)Husband and wife share all their duties equally.夫妻平等分享责任 B)Wife can also make the decisions in the family.妻子也有决定权
C)Wife earns the living while husband does housework.妻子谋生,丈夫做家务 D)Husband is also responsible for raising children.丈夫也要养育孩子
157.The women's attitudes toward marriage contribute to妇女对婚姻的态度有利于 __林D___.A)the Women's Liberation Movement女权运动
B)the prohibition of any form of sexual discrimination任何形式的性别歧视的禁令 C)the changing roles of husband and wife in the marriage变更婚姻中夫妻角色 D)all of the above以上所有
158.Which of the following can be the title for this passage? 林A（不是很确定）D A)The Changing Patterns of Americans' Marriage改变美国人的婚姻模式 B)An Ideal Marriage理想婚姻
C)The Women's Liberation Movement女权运动
D)The Equal Right Between Husband and Wife夫妻平等
It was an early morning in summer．In the streets，sleepy—eyed睡眼腥松的 people were moving quickly，heading towards their 1 jobs.This was the beginning of another 2 ordinary 普通的 day in New York City.3But this day was to be different．
Waiting 4above在..之上
the crowded拥挤的 streets，on top of a 5building 110 stories high，was Philippe Petit．This daring大胆的 Frenchman was about to正打算walk tightrope(绷索)between the two towers of the World Trade Center．
Philippe took his first 7step(take a step属固定搭配，意为“迈步”)with great care小心翼翼地．The wire held．Now he was 8sure he could do it, 9with only a balancing pole平衡杆，Philippe walked his way across，a 10distance 距离of 131
feet．
Soon the rush-hour高峰时期crowds 人群 began to notice．What a 12wonder奇迹
!There，1350 feet above the street，a 13 tiny 微小的 figure角色 was walking on air.Philippe made seven 14 trips 来回，back and forth(来回)．He wasn’t satisfied满意 with just 15walking ．At times，he would turn，sit down，and 16even连贯
go on his knees跪着．Once he had the astonishing 17 courage 勇气 to lie down on the thin thread细丝．And thousands of 18 terrified受惊吓的watchers stared盯着看 with their hearts beating fast．
After the forty—five—minute 19show表演.Philippe was taken to the police
station．He was asked 20why he did it．Philippe shrugged(耸肩)and said，“When I see two high buildings，I walk．”
1．A．jobs
B．homes
C．buses
D．offices
2．A．working
B．hot
C．same
D．ordinary
3．A．And
B．So
C．But
D．Thus
4．A．for
B．in
C．by
D．above
5．A．roof
B．position
C．wall
D．building
6．A．throw
B．walk
C．climb
D．fix
7．A．act
B．landing
C．step
D．trip
8．A．sure
B．uncertain C．glad
D．nervous
9．A．Through
B．Against
C.With
D．On
10．A．distance
B．height
C.space
D．rope
11．A．street
B．crowds
C.passengers D．city
12．A．height
B．pleasure
C．wonder
D．danger
13．A．great
B．strange
C．public
D．tiny
14．A．experiments B．circles
C．trips
D．movements
15．A．walking
B．staying
C．ac“ng
D．showing
16．A．almost
B．even
C．often
D．rather
17．A．spirit
B．result
C．strength
D．courage
18．A．patient
B．terrified C．pleased
D．enjoyable
19．A．show
B．trick
C．try
D．program
20．A．how
B．why
C．whether
D．when 1．A 推理：并非所有的人都是进office工作，jobs可泛指任何工作场所。
2．D 从下句的意思分析出，这一天非同寻常，可见本句day的定语应该是“普通的”
3．C 表转折关系。
4．D
5．D 4、5两空应同时看：两个地点状语都表明“在高处”。从下文也可看出，在绷索上行走的那个人是站在110层高楼顶上。
6．B 从“在两个塔之间的绷索”这个状语可以想象，此人将在上面“行走”。
7．C take a step属固定搭配，意为“迈步”。
8．A 从The wire held可看出，由于绳索牢固，他对表演走绷索“有把握”。
9．C with指使用某种工具。
10.A 此处指两个楼之间的距离。
11．B 句意为：“上班高峰期的人们开始注意到这个人在走绷索。”
12．C 高空行走，真是“奇迹”。
13.D 从下面看1350英尺高处的人很小，只能用“tiny”。
14.C trips指“几个来回”。
15．A walking与下文的turn，sit down以及go on his knees形成对比。
16．B 据场面高空表演动作的难易程度推断。
17．D 做这些高难动作, 要有很大的“勇气”。
18．B
19.A 此人是在绷索上“表演”。
20.B 警察对此人在这样的高空“玩命”大惑不解，故问Why he did it? 另一套答案1A.jobs 2D.ordinary 3C.But 4D.above 5D.building 6B.walk 7C.step 8A.sure 9C.With 10A.distance 11B.crowds 12C.wonder 13D.tiny 14C.trips 15A.walking 16B.even 17D.courage 18B.terrified 19A.show 20B.why 当进入大学的时候 , 机械性的背诵-学问(死记硬背), 匙喂的教育, 生产不
知道该做什么的小孩商标。他们被进入跟随之内训练, 不领先。仍然未来仰赖创造力和想像。世界需要新的世纪创作者，制造者和摇荡机而不是过去世纪的从者。如数字增加在来自下端的学院和大学同高的,较多的学生对进入被设计只在听老师的话方面选择有证明的学习者为优良的一个系统之内被丢是有可能的。
有三个方法可以学习: 看,听而且做。
学生和老师今天是藉由听学习的产品。计算机不可能被传统的老师喜欢, 使用学习机械性的背诵放数据, 将会在几年之内是过时的,进入那头学生之内。藉由计算机学习你藉由看学习,听而且做;你使用三个学习的方法而不是正直的。因此,你能比较快速地学习。
那变更数据的速度正在惊吓。我们所现在学习的将会在不久的将来内是过时的。如此学生正在现在在学校学习什么可能被替换在～的时候之前他们完成大学。我们必须藉着选择该忘记什么学习。机械性的背诵-学
问为考试是一件事物，但是它不会是比较好学习该如何学习的吗? 学生在大学今天可以可能地在那不仍未被发明的太远未来中做一种工作。
对作家的 1.According,未来不
需要 ____________.2.In 作家的视野,学生如何能学习得好? 3.What 作家方法被 ” 那变更数据的速度正在惊吓“? 4.What 通道的最後一个句子告诉我们吗? 5.The 作家的态度对於机械性的背诵-学问是 _________.Computer technology技术 enabled激活 the researchers研究员 to obtain获得 precise精确的
measurements测量法 of the volume体积 of the front and side sections部分 of the brain脑, which relate涉及 to intellect(智能)and emotion情感, and deter-mine决定 the human人类 character特征.(The rear section of the brain脑的后部, which controls控制 functions作用 like eating and breathing呼吸, does not contract使缩短 with age, and one can continue延续 living without intellectua l智力 or emotional faculties(功能).计算机技术使了研究员能够获得脑的前面和边区段的体积精确的测量, 与有关智力和情绪, 而且制止-我的人类个性。脑的后面区段, 控制功能相似的吃而且呼吸,由于年龄不缩短，而且一能继续生活没有有知识者或情绪的才能。
Contraction收缩 of front and side parts-as cells die off-was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and-seventy-year-olds.前面和边部份的收缩-当细胞相继死去-在他们的在一些课题中被观察三十多岁, 但是它仍然不对～感到显然的一些六十-和-七十岁的。
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age-using the head.Matsuzawa 从他的测试得出结论,对正常地与～有关使用年龄的头收缩的简单药物。
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors.White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.调查结果在脑的收缩很快在国家中的人们中开始的一般术语中展现比较在城镇中。很危险的那些最少, Matsuzawa 说,是律师,被大学教授和医生跟随。然而,白色的衣领工人在政府办公室中做常式工作是, 如有可能的有收缩智力如农场工人，公共汽车司机和商场店员。
Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking.Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need.”The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain, “ he says.”Think hard and engage in conversation.Don ' t rely on pocket calculators.“ Matsuzawa's 调查结果展现思考能阻止脑收缩。血一定适当地在头中流通供应新鲜的氧脑细胞需要。”对维持好的血循环的最好方法是穿越动脑筋,“他说。”努力地想而且专注交谈。不依赖计算器。“
46.The team of doctors wanted to find out ______A___.[ A ] why certain people age sooner than others为什麽某些人变老比其他人更快 [ B ] how to make people live longer如何使人更长寿
[ C ] the size of certain people ' s brains某些人的智力大小 [ D ] which people are most intelligent人是最聪明的
47.On what are their research findings based? 在他们的研究调查结果被建立什么之上？C [A] A survey of farmers in northern Japan.在日本北部的农民调查。[ B ] Tests performed on a thousand old people.测试在一千个老人。
[ C ] The study of brain volumes of different people.不同的人们脑体积的研究 [ D] The latest development of computer technology.计算机技术的最新发展。
48.The doctor ' s tests show that ___D______.医生的测试展现
[ A ] our brains shrink as we grow older当我们变得比较年长，我们的智力收缩 [B] the front section of the brain does not shrink脑的前面区段不收缩
[ C ] sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds六十岁的有三十岁的智力好
[ D ] some people ' s brains have contracted more than other people ' s一些人们智力有收缩超过其他人
49.The word ”subjects“ in paragraph 5 means____C_____.[ A ] something to be considered某事被尊重
[ B ] branches of knowledge学科 studied有计划的
[ C ] persons chosen to be studied in an experiment选择的人在实验方面学习[ D ] any member of a state except the supreme ruler最高统治者以外的其他成员
50.According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others? 哪些像是变老比其他人更慢?
A
[A] Lawyers.律师
[B] Farmers.农民
[C] Clerks.店员 [D] Shop assistants.购物助手 2007年4月会计学位模拟试题(1)2.Being a man has always been dangerous.There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year old people there are twice as many women as men.But the great universal(普遍性)of male mortality is being changed.Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do.This means that for the first time there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate.More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed.Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby surviving depended on its weight.A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death.Today it makes almost no difference.Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more force of evolution has gone.There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children.Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children.Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average.Most of us have roughly the same number of children.Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have disappeared.India shows what is happening.The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples.The grand mediocrity of today-everyone being the same in survival and number of children-means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in middle-class compared to the tribe.For us, this means that evolution is over;the biological Utopia has arrived.Strangely, it has involved little physical change.No other species fills so many places in nature.But in the past 100 000 years-even the past 100 years-our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not.We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us.Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution;they ”look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.“ No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness.But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.1.According to the author, what was the danger a man had to face? 2.The sentence ”There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide“ perhaps means _____.3.The example of India interprets that ______.4.The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because_____.5.What is the main idea of the passage?
3.How do the American office men and women dress themselves when they go to work? In certain kinds of businesses the men wear only suits of a conservative nature with white shirts and dark ties;in others, men wear blazers and quiet-pattern sport Jackets.In some institutions women know instinctively to wear skirts(there are no rules posted saying they should not wear pants).In some other types of Jobs women wear pantsfreely, and in certain other jobs that demand physical activity pants are almost a necessity.In conservative business such as banks, insurance companies, and company headquarters, men and women should have one fashion and one only;to dress in good taste.Good taste does not need a major investment in designers' originals;good taste means dressing in an understated rather than overstated manner.The importance of grooming cannot be overemphasized.Without it, there is no successful fashion.It would be helpful if everyone were to go over their grooming check list in front of a full-length mirror before leaving home each morning.Career people can keep a full set of toiletries and make-up stored somewhere at the office.A woman going to an evening party should dress in the morning in one of her ”basic dresses“-the kind that can change into a different look with an added scarf or jewelry.She can metamorphose herself into another person with freshly cleaned teeth, combed hair, a new face, a different and dressier pair of shoes, and some sparkling jewelry.In addition to a razor and toothbrush, men should keep a change of shirt in their office so that they can go off in the evening looking refreshed.If the occasion is formal they too must store their black-tie paraphernalia and their dressy black shoes in their office.1.According to the text, some women have to work in pants because _______.2.”dress in good taste“(in Paragraph 3)may refer to_______.3.”The importance of grooming cannot be overemphasized"(in Paragraph 4)may most probably mean _______.4.It is suggested in the text that before leaving home for work _______.5.Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
international city, we can put students in touch with many religious groups in this area.Finally, with excellent air, rail and road links to the rest of Britain, Europe and the world, getting here is easy.1.The University of London is situated at a city ____________.2.The University of London is famous for_______.3.Whenever international students have any difficulty in life, they can go to______ for help.4.The university assures the first year students that __________.5.The main purpose of this passage is to___________.
Unless he does something wrong, or he will not be criticized.His father’s behavior is very rude when he loses his temper.If he had done it earlier, he could have caught the train.I will have been studying here for nearly three years in July next year.No matter how many times she has showed the tourists around the city, she would not be sick of talking about her city.At the end of the 18th century, Britain became the world’s factory quickly.The headmaster awarded the excellent students the honor title.She is eager to be awarded prizes.She think her success is the result of efforts.How many chapters should be read for homework according to the teacher?
1、她被迫等了一个多小时（make）。
2、我建议你们早点动身去机场（suggest）。
3、一旦你显出害怕的样子，他就会向你进攻（show,attack）.4、你弄到这些足球票费了好大劲吧？
5、一辈子不犯错误的人是没有的。（lifetime）.She was made to wait for more than an hour.I suggest you leave for the airport earlier.Once you show scare, he will attack you.Did you make great effort to get these football tickets? There is nobody doesn’t make mistakes in a lifetime.1、从他的语音说明他是外国人。
.Bacteria are too small to be seen.2.细菌太小，肉眼看不见。
.Britain quickly became the world’s factory at the end of the 18 century.3.在十八世纪末，英国迅速成为世界的工厂
.We’ve been waiting two hours when he arrived.4.他到达时，我们已经在那里等了2个小时。
.She wonders if it is cheaper to make a telephone call after 5 pm.5.她想知道是否下午5点后打电话更会省钱。
.The period of validity of these tickets are only 7 days.6.这些票的有效期只有7天。
.The headmaster awarded the excellent students the honor title.7.校长授予优秀学生予荣誉称号。You would have seen her if you arrived yesterday.8.假如你昨天到达，你就能见到她。
9.I’d like to know how to explain the importance of the space communication.9.我想知道如何解释空间通讯的重要性。
10.He was applying for a clerk.10.他在申请一份职员工作。
11.The fruits were so heavy that they bent the branches.11.沉甸甸的果实压弯了树枝。
12.It was Newton who found that objects attract each other.
12.是牛顿发现物体之间是互相吸引的。
13.Our army won that battle.13.我们的军队在那场战斗中获得胜利。
14.The hotel can hold 500 people.14.这家旅馆能容纳500人。
15.Jane was so proud of her city that she was never bored of guiding the tourists to look around.15.JANE为自己的城市自豪，当她当游客参观时从不感到厌烦。
16.Nothing can interrupt him when he is working.16.当他工作时，没有什么事件能打扰他。
17.Although there is not enough time for the tough task, we still tried out best to accomplish it.17.尽管任务重时间紧，我们仍然努力去完成。1.His accent tells that he’s a foreigner.2.Bacteria are too small to be seen.3.重复
4.We had been waiting for two hours when he arrived.5.She wonders if it is cheaper to make a telephone call after 5 pm.6.The period of validity of these tickets are only 7 days.7.重复
8.If you had arrived yesterday, you could have seen her.9.I’d like to know how to explain the importance of the space communication.10.He is applying for a job of clerk.11.The fruits were so heavy that they bent the branches.12.It was Newton who found that objects attract each other.13.Our army won in that battle.14.The hotel can hold 500 people.15.Jane is so proud of her city that she is never sick of showing the tourists around.16.Nothing can interrupt him when he is working.17.Although there is not enough time for the tough task, we still try out best to accomplish it.我们完全意识到局势的严重性(aware)。他们近期新建的机场距离城市20公里。如果 我见到她 我会叫她等一下
我恳求他们不要在她面前提起我的名字。我们就牛奶的供应与农场主计价还价。
当你在学校附近，尽管周围没有小孩，你也必须减慢你的速度。
喷气式飞机直到
Although the task is very tough, we still try our best to finish it.我们就供应牛奶与农场主讨价还价(bargain)。
We bargained the creamery accommodation problem with the farmers.这家旅馆可供500人住宿(accommodate)。
This hotel can accommodate five hundred persons.我们完全意识到局势的严重性(aware)。
We have been aware of the ponderance of the situation completely.他被禁止入城(ban)。
He was banned to enter the city.到他来的时候，我们已经等了他两个小时了。
We have been waiting for two hours when he arrived.1.他心跳得如此之快，以至于他几乎喘不过气来(beat)。His heart beats so fast that he could hardly breathe.2.无论卡门（Carmen）带领人们参观多少次，她似乎从不厌烦谈论她的城市。
No matter how many times Carmen shows people around her city, she never seems to get tired of talking about it.3.他工作时，什么也不能分散他的心思(abstract)。Nothing can abstract his mind while he works.4.他的口音说明他是个外国人(betray)。
His accent betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner.5.到他来的时候，我们已经等了他两个小时了。
We had been waiting for him for two hours by the time he came.1.他心跳得如此之快，以至于他几乎喘不过气来(beat)。His heart beats so fast that he could hardly breathe.2.无论卡门（Carmen）带领人们参观多少次，她似乎从不厌烦谈论她的城市。
No matter how many times Carmen shows people around her city, she never seems to get tired of talking about it.3.他工作时，什么也不能分散他的心思(abstract)。Nothing can abstract his mind while he works.4.他的口音说明他是个外国人(betray)。
His accent betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner.5.到他来的时候，我们已经等了他两个小时了。
We had been waiting for him for two hours by the time he came.
第四篇：电大本科
电大本科《美学概论》39个问与答
1、．怎样理解美学的基本问题？
答：美学的基本问题是人的感性的活生生的整体形象如何生成、维护和发展的问题。它涉及四个具体方面：理性与感性；静态与动态；局部与整体；概念与形象。
2．怎样理解美学的特点和方法论要求？
答：美学的特点在于，它是一门理论性与批评性、体验性与阐释性、学科性与跨学科性结合的人文学科。由此规定了美学的方法论要求是：在马克思主义原理指导下寻求理论思辨与文本批评的结合、审美体验与理性阐释的交汇、学科研究与跨学科研究的汇通。
3．试举例论述理论思辨与文本批评结合的方法。
理论思辨与文本批评结合是美学研究的方法之一，它是由美学既是一门理论学科，又必须要密切关注具体现象的特点决定的。理论思辨指凭借概念、判断和推理进行抽象思考，文本批评则是指对于个别的审美现象的具体分析过程。
美学研究一方面要求运用理论思辨的方法去分析丰富多样的个别审美现象，从具体到抽象、从个别到一般，把握住具有普遍意义的特点和规律来。另一方面也要求对于个别的审美现象，尤其是艺术作品，要自觉运
用一定的一般理论去把握、分析，由抽象回归具体，从一般回到个别，从而揭示出特定对象的特殊意义。在美学中，理论思辨和文本批评是相互结合的。我们在学习美学时，也要结合着美学理论的学习和对具体审美文本的鉴赏，来提高美学理论素养和文本批评的能力。不能重此轻彼。
例如当我们对王羲之的书法作品《兰亭集序》进行美学分析时，既要凭借中国古典美学理论来把握住作品中蕴藏的中国书法美学的普遍特性，又要注意挖掘出它在艺术上的独创性和独特意味。这就应从文本分析入手，通过作品独特的点线造型和气韵流动分析其中深厚的审美意味和人格风貌。
4．试举例论述审美体验与理性阐释交汇的方法。
美学的对象是充满感性特征的，但美学研究又要求对其予以理性阐释，这就提出了审美体验与理性阐释相交汇的方法论要求。
审美体验是特殊的生活经验，它是指对于具体审美现象的深入而又独特的感性直觉方式，是经验中显出深意、富于直觉和具有特殊感染力的形态。美学的对象充满着感性特征，因此美学研究中应当运用这种审美体验方式。理性阐释是指对于具体审美现象的富于理智的分析方式，它要求研究者尽力克制一己的情感，运用理智能力去抽象思考。
学习美学，要将审美体验和理性阐释两者交汇在一起，共同服务于对审美现象的认识。如此，才符合美学学科的特性。例如，“夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏”的诗句，就是审美体验与理性阐释结合的经典范例。看落日西下，本是一种寻常的生活经验，然而诗人此时关于落日的经验却因独特的、深沉的情感激荡而及其富于直觉性和感染性，这里融聚了深切的个性感悟。同时，对这一审美现象进行理性阐释时，我们能清楚地分析出其中蕴涵的深层意义，那种对即将逝去的生命的辉煌的无限留恋，以及冷静地面对将要到来的生命黄昏的理性态度。
5．试举例论述学科研究与跨学科汇通（互动借鉴）的方法。
学科研究，是指基于对美学学科的已有理解而展开的内部研究。体现了美学作为独立的学科而不同于其他学科的学科特性。但是，由于美学所研究的是人的感性的活生生的整体形象，又必定要借鉴其他学科的资源，因而又体现出一种跨学科特性。
从这个角度提出了美学的学科研究与跨学科研究汇通的方法论要求。只有用这种两相结合的方法，才能既保持独特的问题领域，又以一种积极的姿态向其他学科领域开放，引进和借鉴其他学科的知识，为理解对象提供多方面的理论资源和阐释渠道。
例如在阅读和鉴赏小说作品时，首先要注意运用美学学科知识中关于语言艺术的审美特征去把握作品在语言、文体、性格刻画、环境描写、意境营造等方面的艺术表现和审美成就，同时还可以运用其他学科如社会学、政治学、经济学、法律学、人口学等知识去阅读，两者汇通，相互激发，可以获得丰富的、全新的审美感受。
6．怎样理解美学的基本问题？
答：美学的基本问题是人的感性的活生生的整体形象如何生成、维护和发展的问题。它涉及四个具体方面：理性与感性；静态与动态；局部与整体；概念与形象。
7．怎样理解美学的特点和方法论要求？
答：美学的特点在于，它是一门理论性与批评性、体验性与阐释性、学科性与跨学科性结合的人文学科。由此规定了美学的方法论要求是：在马克思主义原理指导下寻求理论思辨与文本批评的结合、审美体验与理性阐释的交汇、学科研究与跨学科研究的汇通。
8．试举例论述理论思辨与文本批评结合的方法。
理论思辨与文本批评结合是美学研究的方法之一，它是由美学既是一门理论学科，又必须要密切关注具体现象的特点决定的。理论思辨指凭借概念、判断和推理进行抽象思考，文本批评则是指对于个别的审美现象的具体分析过程。
美学研究一方面要求运用理论思辨的方法去分析丰富多样的个别审美现象，从具体到抽象、从个别到一般，把握住具有普遍意义的特点和规律来。另一方面也要求对于个别的审美现象，尤其是艺术作品，要自觉运用一定的一般理论去把握、分析，由抽象回归具体，从一般回到个别，从而揭示出特定对象的特殊意义。
在美学中，理论思辨和文本批评是相互结合的。我们在学习美学时，也要结合着美学理论的学习和对具体审美文本的鉴赏，来提高美学理论素养和文本批评的能力。不能重此轻彼。
例如当我们对王羲之的书法作品《兰亭集序》进行美学分析时，既要凭借中国古典美学理论来把握住作品中蕴藏的中国书法美学的普遍特性，又要注意挖掘出它在艺术上的独创性和独特意味。这就应从文本分析入手，通过作品独特的点线造型和气韵流动分析其中深厚的审美意味和人格风貌。
9．试举例论述审美体验与理性阐释交汇的方法。
美学的对象是充满感性特征的，但美学研究又要求对其予以理性阐释，这就提出了审美体验与理性阐释相交汇的方法论要求。
审美体验是特殊的生活经验，它是指对于具体审美现象的深入而又独特的感性直觉方式，是经验中显出深意、富于直觉和具有特殊感染力的形态。美学的对象充满着感性特征，因此美学研究中应当运用这种审美体验方式。理性阐释是指对于具体审美现象的富于理智的分析方式，它要求研究者尽力克制一己的情感，运用理智能力去抽象思考。
学习美学，要将审美体验和理性阐释两者交汇在一起，共同服务于对审美现象的认识。如此，才符合美学学科的特性。例如，“夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏”的诗句，就是审美体验与理性阐释结合的经典范例。
看落日西下，本是一种寻常的生活经验，然而诗人此时关于落日的经验却因独特的、深沉的情感激荡而及其富于直觉性和感染性，这里融聚了深切的个性感悟。同时，对这一审美现象进行理性阐释时，我们能清楚地分析出其中蕴涵的深层意义，那种对即将逝去的生命的辉煌的无限留恋，以及冷静地面对将要到来的生命黄昏的理性态度。
10．试举例论述学科研究与跨学科汇通（互动借鉴）的方法。
学科研究，是指基于对美学学科的已有理解而展开的内部研究。体现了美学作为独立的学科而不同于其他学科的学科特性。但是，由于美学所研究的是人的感性的活生生的整体形象，又必定要借鉴其他学科的资源，因而又体现出一种跨学科特性。
从这个角度提出了美学的学科研究与跨学科研究汇通的方法论要求。只有用这种两相结合的方法，才能既保持独特的问题领域，又以一种积极的姿态向其他学科领域开放，引进和借鉴其他学科的知识，为理解对象提供多方面的理论资源和阐释渠道。
例如在阅读和鉴赏小说作品时，首先要注意运用美学学科知识中关于语言艺术的审美特征去把握作品在语言、文体、性格刻画、环境描写、意境营造等方面的艺术表现和审美成就，同时还可以运用其他学科如社会学、政治学、经济学、法律学、人口学等知识去阅读，两者汇通，相互激发，可以获得丰富的、全新的审美感受。
11．什么是美的符号性
美的符号性是美的基本特征之一。它是指美具有物质化形态的特性。这种特性具体表现在三方面：美以符号形式向人类传达其内在意义；人类通过符号表达人生的美；人类还通过符号构建一个相互沟通的美的世界。
12．什么是美的无功利性
美的无功利性是美的基本特征之一。它是指美的事物与人直接的实际利益考虑相脱离的特性。这种特性包含两个基本方面：一方面客观对象不直接唤起主体的实际利益需要，另一方面主体对客体不做实际的功利评价。
13．什么是技术美
技术美是美的形态的一种，指技术活动的美。它是技术活动中那种能体现人的开拓和创造本性并具有生命活力的活的形象。技术美有三层主要含义：一是指技术对象的直观形式使人类得到感官愉悦，二是指技术对象是对人的自由活动的肯定，三是指技术创造了更为广阔的审美世界。
14．什么是荒诞
荒诞是西方现代审美范畴之一，指呈现在极其不和谐的形式中并引起人的复杂感受的现代情绪。表现荒诞是为了征服荒诞。
15．人是社会美的中心，自然美是与人无关，这种说法是否正确，为什么？
答：错。这种说法只承认了人在社会美中的中心地位，而否定了自然美的实质也在于它在人类符号实践中所体现出来的价值。即自然正是在人类的符号实践中成为独立的审美对象，获得了美的属性，成为人的自由的生命活力的符号。自然美与人紧密相关，无法割裂。
16．“丑得如此精美”是否正确，为什么？
答：对。因为艺术的“化丑为美”是艺术家征服丑的过程，其中一种重要的征服策略就是运用艺术符号的形式创造力量。艺术家的活动是利用自然和现实提供的材料创造具有表现性的艺术符号，而艺术符号具有奇特的建构力量，经过这种创造性的建构，征服现实中的丑，可以使现实中的“丑”的东西获得美的形式，正是在这一意义上，“丑得如此精美”成立。七．怎样理解语言论美学如何对待美的本质问题？
语言论美学的核心是追问语言问题，在美的本质的问题上，它认为传统美学的理性与感性问题不再是美学的中心问题，而是新的语言与意义的问题。语言论美学的本质观是：宣布美的本质是伪问题，认定美学的唯一问题是清理语言。
17．美的感染力体现在哪些方面？
美的感染性是指美具有一种使人感动的特性，具体体现在三个方面：主体与客体之间的交感、人与物之间的动感和主体的精神性快感。交感是指主客体之间发生的一种双向感动过程。动感是人与世界、心灵与事物之间的动态作用过程。精神性快感不同于生物本能的满足，它指一种精神的愉悦和升华，属于精神的解放和自由。
18．自然在人类符号实践中获得美的属性经历了哪几个阶段？
答：自然在人类符号实践中获得美的属性，经历了如下阶段：
第一阶段，史前阶段，自然作为人类异己的符号，不存在美与丑的问题。
第二阶段，动物自然首先成为人类对话的伙伴，成为人的审美对象。
第三阶段，山水自然作为人类的自由的生命活力的符号，成为独立的审美对象，从而完全获得美的属性。
第四阶段，高科技对象，宏观如太空，极地，海底世界等，微观如纳米世界等。
第五阶段，自然界的特殊现象，如海啸，地震，火山爆发，泥石流，雪崩等。
第六阶段，人体美，人体美是自然美发展的最高阶段，因为它成为自然美与社会美的连接枢纽。
19．社会风俗美有哪些特征？
社会风俗美是指风俗在历史的流变中扬弃了其现实功利性和直接的伦理意义，从而成为一种审美符号。社会风俗美的三个显著的特征是：丰富的差异性；作为特定地域人民生存根本灵魂的古朴性；顺乎人的自然需求的自然性。
20．文化语境和艺术活动的关系怎样？
答：艺术体验和艺术创造，都必定发生在一定的文化语境中。文化语境为艺术活动提供了基本的价值规范，为艺术活动制定了基本的审美惯例。另一方面艺术活动又不是消极地屈从于文化语境，而是积极推动基本价值的变革和发展。
21．技术对审美活动的积极影响表现在哪些方面？
答：技术是人类永远发明、创造、延伸的符号，它对人类审美活动的积极影响体现在：技术对象的感官形式给人类感官带来愉悦，丰富人的直观感受；技术作为人的自由活动的结果，服务于人类，成为人的文化精神的象征，开阔了人类的审美视野；技术扩大和丰富了自然美与社会美的内容，给艺术提供了挑战与契机。
22．论述美的形象性特征。
答：美的形象性是美的基本特征之一，它是指美通过符号形式而创造具体可感画面的特性。从客体方面理解，美总是在符号形式中呈现为具体可感、丰富活泼的生动形象；从主体方面来说，美依赖于主体对形象的直觉。这主客体的交互作用造就了生动感人的美。
首先，美必须呈现为形象。形象是事物的形、色、声、味、态诸方面的统一体，是具体可感的生动存在方式。人的丰富情绪通过形象而获得实在的质感。形象是美的呈现方式，离开了形象，美无影无踪，无从谈起。
第二，美的形象不依赖概念和推理，而依赖于人对对象的直觉。美的形象在主体和对象交互影响、召唤和应答中诞生和呈现。
第三，美的形象极富生命节奏和韵律，它往往是不停流动和变易，呈现生机勃勃的活力。第四，美的形象以音乐为最高境界。按照中国人的审美观念，宇宙和心灵深处的深层音响显现为形象中内涵的节奏和韵律的跃动，而这正是音乐的审美特征。
例如诗句“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花”，落红作为大自然生生不息的活力丰沛的象征性形象，是可见可触可闻的实实在在的具体形象，而且这个美的形象不是通过层层逻辑推理得来的，而是人在与落红这个自然物交互影响和应答中直接察觉到的。鲜花而为落红，落红而为春泥，体现着自然生命的流变和内在韵律。
再比如“梁祝化蝶”，这个感动了难以数计的中国人的美的形象，有过诗歌、舞蹈、绘画等艺术表现形式，而常听常新、百听不厌，每一次欣赏都能激起心灵深处的感动的，还是音乐作品——小提琴协奏曲《梁祝》。正是因为音乐中所表现的情感运动的节奏、韵律暗合并显现了人心底的情感节律和生命活动，成为至高无上的动人形象。
23．论述艺术美的本质。
答：艺术美的基本特征体现在艺术符号的形式与意蕴、艺术创作中的创造与规范、艺术接受中的个体与社会的统一三个方面。
首先，艺术作品是形式与意蕴的统一。这是艺术美的首要特征。艺术符号是有意蕴的，但它必须通过一定形式表现出来，二者是有机融合的整体，而不是简单相加或彼此分离。如徐悲鸿的《奔马图》，风驰电掣、生动逼真的奔马形象表现出深沉的爱国情思和热切期望祖国进步发达的精神意蕴，二者水乳交融，不可剥离。
第二，艺术创作又是创造和规范的统一。创造性是艺术的重要特征，作为艺术家生命的个性表现，艺术美既必须接受艺术创作规范的制约，又应充分体现艺术家的独特创造精神，它应是对传统规范的挑战，这两方面的辨证统一方能形成艺术美。徐悲鸿的奔马之所以成为艺术美的经典形象，就在于表现出了鲜明的在继承传统基础上可贵而卓有成效的创造性，成为独一无二的“这一个”。
第三，在艺术接受中观众的审美观照既有个体差异，而个体的审美愉悦又具有可普遍传达性，符合一定社会标准，在个体差异和社会标准之间保持动态统一。
24．司空图《二十四诗品?典雅》写道：“玉壶买春，赏雨茆屋，坐中佳士，左右修竹。白云初晴，幽鸟相逐，眠琴绿荫，上有飞瀑。落华屋檐，人淡如菊。书之岁华，其曰可读。”试论这段以诗品诗的话语的美学含义。答：这段诗论，以典雅的语言，列举了一系列典雅的形象，生动论述了诗的艺术风格，形象地呈现了作为中国古典美学重要范畴的“典雅”的含义。
它包含了以下三层含义：艺术形式上的朴素性。艺术意境上气韵的生动性；审美趣味上的超俗性。
茅屋、修竹、白云、飞鸟、浓绿的树阴、自在的瀑布、檐下落花、恬淡的人儿，这些自然的景观无一不是按照自身的生命节奏自由自在地呈现着、运动着，无言而生动，自然天成，平易却尽显高古超凡的风韵。
它们尽性而为，充满内在活力，在平淡中流露出难以抗拒的审美意蕴。同时，这些典雅的事物形象与低俗浅陋的事物决然对立，呈现出一种规范雅致、与势利绝缘的清高风韵，表现了超凡脱俗的精神境界。
这三方面的美学意义，构成了“典雅”这一美学范畴突出而集中地体现出的中国古典文化的审美理想。
25．什么是审美直觉
答：审美直觉是审美心理活动中最显著、最基本的现象。它是一种特殊的感受方式，是主体对事物感性形式的直接的、整体的、动情的观照。
26．什么是审美通感
答：审美通感又称审美统觉或审美联觉，它是指在主体的审美知觉中各种感觉的通串、渗透和挪移构成的协同运动，是审美知觉的整体性的表现。
27．什么是艺术物化
答：物化是指把无形的体验转化为可感的形象。艺术物化是指在艺术创造活动中，艺术主体把心灵中的审美体验创造性地转化为生动感人的艺术形象。
28．什么是审美认同
答：审美认同是指在审美体验中，主体把自我置于他人的情境中进行体认。审美认同是艺术功能实现的主要方式。
29．美感和快感都是令人愉快的感觉，它们之间没有什么实质性的区别，这种说法对吗，为什么？
答：错。因为快感是满足了本能欲望所得到的快乐感，是人和动物均具有的。而美感则是人无功利地直观对象而获得的精神上的满足和愉悦感，体现了人类世界对自然事物的超越.因而美感不仅有生物学的渊源，同时有社会学的依据，只有人具有美感，动物则不具备。故美感和快感有明显的区别：
A、层次不同：快感是生理本能平台上的满足，美感是精神人性空间里的愉悦。
B、对象不同：快感对象是客体的内容和实体，美感对象是客体的形式和境界。
C、获取不同：快感取决于对对象的占有消耗，美感得宜于对对象的观照呵护。
D、性质不同：快感进行时具有唯我性排他性，美感展开时具有社会性共享性。
E、意义不同：快感有助于维护生存身心健康，美感有助于自我实现人性提升。
F、存在不同：快感的存在是单次性瞬间性的，美感的存在是弥散性积淀性的。
30．理解因素渗透在美感经验的每一个环节上，与多种心理因素交织在一起。
答：对。因为美感虽然是非概念的直觉，却同时具有着理性因素，是直觉中的理解。在整个美感心理运动过程中，理解活动与直觉、情感、想象等多种心理因素交织在一起，渗透于美感经验诸环节中。它具有前提性和融会性，作为审美心理运动的指向，提升直觉，组织想象，规范情感，在审美活动中起着积极的作用。
31．日常心理与审美心理有什么区别？有什么联系？
答：日常心理与审美心理既有区别又有联系。其区别在于日常心理是人对客观对象做出的实用功利和逻辑认知的反应，审美心理是人对客观对象作出的美感的反应。其联系在于审美心理是日常心理的超越和升华，是主体从功利态度、认知态度向审美态度的转化。审美态度的确立将日常心理转化为审美心理，主体就采取无功利和非概念的姿态对事物进行审美观照。这种无功利和非概念的审美活动，是一种自由的精神活动，也就是美感。
32． 西方美学史上关于美感起源的观点有哪些？
答：西方美学史上对于美感起源的探索大致有如下几种观点：第一种，以柏拉图为代表，认为美感是“神赐的迷狂”；第二种，夏夫兹博里认为美感是人的“内在感官”对事物的感觉；第三种，亚里士多德的观点是，认为美感是对美的事物的模仿或反应，或来自于对客观对象的感觉，或是客观事物的美在感官中的反映（人像照镜子一样在对象上看到了自己的生活）；第四种，认为美感是人的生命力量的表现或投射。
33． 为什么说审美活动离不开直觉？
答：直觉是审美活动的基础，审美活动自始至终都离不开直觉。第一，审美直觉是美感心理的门户。这是因为感受是一切心理活动的起点。人是开放的存在物，感官就是主体向世界敞开的门户。通过感觉，人与世界展开了物质、能量和信息的交换；而且作为特殊感受方式的审美直觉也是美感心理的起点，例如对自然的直接感受是自然美感产生的感性基础。第二，审美直觉是审美意象诞生的前提和基础。审美直觉是对事物感性形式的观照，这种过程就是主体情感与对象形式的同构。情感赋予形式以生命，形式使情感得以对象化，情感与形式的契合就是审
美意象产生的前提。第三，审美直觉指向意义。有直接的感受，才有强烈的情感，审美感觉、知觉、通感都在对事物形式的观照中贯注了情感，也强化了情感。情感驱动着想象，想象所建构的符号宇宙象征着人类的价值与意义。
34． 审美移情有哪几种类型？
答：审美移情有四种具体类型：一是统觉移情，即主体赋予对象以自己的生命，对象在主体的统一感受之中成为活的形象；二是经验移情，即主体把对象拟人化，把自己的感受经验投射在对象上，使难以言传的感受呈现为可感的形象；三是气氛移情，即主体将自己的一种整体气氛的感受渗透在客观景象中，从而铺展情感流动的空间；四是表现移情，即主体把自己的价值理想寄托于客观事物。四种移情现象都是把生命与世界统一，把情感与景象相联。
35． 审美体验有哪些特征？
答：审美体验具有原构性、历构性、超构性和预构性的特征。原构性，是指审美体验具有原始建构的性质，这种原构性赋予美感以强度。历构性，是指审美体验具有历史建构的性质。体验的历史建构包括两个方面：一是个人生活经验对精神的建构，二是社会经验对精神的建构。审美体验的历构性使美感获得了深度。超构性，是指审美体验具有超越现实、超越个体而进行意义建构的性质。审美体验的超构性使美感获得了高度。预构性，是指审美体验具有预先建构未来形象的性质。审美体验的预构性使美感通往了人的远景。
36． 什么是美的感受能力？
答：美的感受能力，是指主体直接把握世界和人自身的美的敏锐能力。它是审美素养的核心，培养美的感受能力是美育的基础。
37． 什么是美感活动中主体和对象的互动关系。
答：美感是人对美的事物的自由感受，在审美活动中，主体不是作为被动的接受者消极地等待来自对象的感动，对象也不是机械的存在物被动地等待主体的反映，在美感活动中，主体具有强烈意向，对象具有丰富生命，二者
互相呼唤和应答，同时又互相建构和塑造，由此形成了动态的审美体验过程。这种互动关系体现在以下三方面：第一，主体与对象互相呼唤和应答。主体期待对象，对象诱惑主体，二者之间展开呼唤与应答的交流活动，在这种积极的、能动的交流中生成了美感。例如中国古典美学家运用“物感”来描述对象对主体的积极影响，运用“感物”来描述主体对对象的能动作用。自然之气变化无穷，这生动变化的事物摇撼感动人的性情，而人对事物的感受和评价，渗透着主体精神的感觉，则积极回应并浸染事物。
第二，主体与对象互相建构和塑造。对象改变了主体，主体也改变了对象。对象对主体的改变，是指对象刺激主体，引发主体感觉的运动，激活主体情感。对象的不同存在方式和呈现形态建构并塑造了主体的不同美感心理。主体对对象的改变，是指主体通过感觉赋予对象以情感生命，使对象成为活的形象。“我见青山多妩媚，料青山见我亦如是”，这诗句就生动地体现了人对自然对象的这种充满人情味的积极交流和塑造。
第三，主体和对象的互动推进了审美体验过程。随着审美体验过程的推进，对象展示出它的丰富形态，主体表现出他的复杂情感。这种情形在艺术创造活动中得到了最充分的体现。
38． 什么是审美情感在美感活动中的地位和作用。
答：美感活动是多种心理的综合协同运动，审美情感对于美感心理是关键的、决定性的要素。它的地位与作用具体表现在三个方面：它是美感心理的动力和中介，是艺术创造的驱动力。
第一，审美情感是美感心理的动力。情感是人的感性力量的表现，它作为一种活跃的心理因素，驱动着审美欲望的现实化，审美期待的具体化，并通往审美理解。例如林黛玉葬花是希望“质本洁来还洁去，不教污淖染渠沟”，清高孤傲的黛玉自爱自怜的情感驱动她格外地怜惜和观照性质高洁却在风雨中飘零的落花，落花这一活的形象就是审美欲望的现实化。同时，落花这一形象具体而可感，这也是在主体情感推动下使审美期待借助想象而具体化。并且，在强烈的情感运动中，使审美活动达到一种深层的感动和理解，领悟到难以言传的生命意义。
第二，审美情感是美感心理的中介。美感心理是以情感为中介的诸种心理要素的协同作用，同时审美活动所创造的形象也是由情感赋予它们以亲和力。“丁香空结雨中愁”，人们对这一形象的审美，就调动了嗅觉、视觉、听觉和体觉等多种感觉器官，由愁怨的情感使诸种感觉协同起来，集中在“雨中丁香”这一形象上面。同时，“丁香”和“雨”这两种事物也不是机械地并置，而是由情感赋予它们以亲和力，共同表现一种淡淡的哀愁。
第三，审美情感是艺术创造的动力。艺术是人类情感的符号表现形式，情感是艺术表现的对象，同时又是艺术创造的动力因素。真诚的情感是艺术创作的根本，是艺术存在的理由。
39． 什么是艺术创作过程论述审美体验与艺术的关系。
答：艺术创造过程一般分为互相关联、渐层推进的三个主要环节：兴发阶段、构思阶段和物化阶段。审美体验既是艺术创造活动的起点，又是贯穿整个过程的创造性动力因素。
第一，审美体验是艺术兴发的根本动力。艺术兴发不是什么神秘力量的作用，而是审美体验酝酿而导致的精神爆发效应。“为什么我的眼中常含泪水？因为我对这土地爱得深沉”，诗人艾青的诗句生动地表明是对祖国眷念的情感体验、深沉的忧患意识的长期积聚和酝酿，激活了诗人诗歌创作的欲望和激情。
第二，审美体验是艺术构思的内在逻辑。艺术构思是主体在丰富体验的基础上，把客观物象变为审美意象的过程。俄国作家阿?托尔斯泰在《苦难的历程》，第二部题记中说其作品“在清水里泡三次、在血水里浴三次、在碱水里煮三次”，这种深刻的丰富体验给艺术构思所带来的不仅是丰富的材料，最重要的是赋予艺术构思以内在的逻辑。这种艺术创造的特定逻辑就是审美体验的逻辑，或者说情感的逻辑、想象的逻辑，它们在根本上都是人的生命活动的内在律动。
第三，审美体验是艺术物化的终极根据。艺术物化，是指艺术主体把心灵中的审美体验创造性地转化为生动可感的艺术形象的过程。《红楼梦》“满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪”，是曹雪芹“十年辛苦不寻常”，把人生的凄凉和辛酸、历史的没落与哀宛，化为贾史王薛四大家族的苍茫命运和众多的人物形象。那是主体的审美体验在心灵中生成的审美意象的物化，它们的最后根据就在审美体验之中。
第五篇：电大本科英语2计分作业
电大本科英语2计分作业
一、单选题
1、Sam, this is my friend, Jane.A.I’m Jack
B.Glad to meet you, Jane
C.Glad to meet you, Sam D.Very well, thank you
2、Mary said to me, “If I had seen your bag, I ________ it to you.”
A.will return B.would have returned
C.could return D.must return
3、Does this patient’s record need ___________ now? No, you can finish it later.A.complete B.C.D.B.to complete C.completing
D.completed
4、Can you help me clear up the mess? A.Tell me who made it B.No trouble at all C.Yes, that’ll be all right D.No problem
5、These new processes _____________.A.should be controlled
B.should control C.should be controlling D.should controlled
6、What’s the fare to the museum?
A.Five hours B.Five o’clock
C.Five miles D.Five dollars
7、Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village ________ he belonged.A.which B.to which
C.to where D.at which
8、What’s the best way to get to the Empire Hotel from here?
A.It’s five blocks away
B.Walking through the wood
C.It’s a twenty-minute walk D.Half an hour if we drive fast
9、How was the journey to London? A.It went very well
B.It was a nine-hour plane journey C.I flew there D.I was very well
10、We are going to have our office _________ to make room for a new engineer.A.to rearrange B.rearrange C.rearranged
D.rearranging
11、Robert is said __________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A.to have been studying
B.to study C.to be studying D.to be studied
12、Could I talk to Prof.Lee? A.Yes, speaking
B.Oh, it’s you
C.I’m waiting for you
D.I am the operator here
13、I’ve got a bad cold today.A.Thank you for telling me B.Oh, dear!I hope you get better soon
C.It isn’t serious
D.It’ll be better soon
14、Could you tell me ________? A.how long you live here B.how long have you lived here C.how long you have lived here
D.how long did you live here
15、If the weather had been good, the children ________ out for a walk.A.had gone B.would go C.could have gone
D.went
16、That dinner was the most expensive meal we _____________.A.would have B.have had C.have ever had D.had ever had
17、I _____ reading the book by the end of this week.A.shall finish B.shall have finish C.shall has finished D.shall have finished
18、John Walters claimed that this lack of information ___________ in negative feelings towards the media.A.have resulted B.had resulted
C.resulted D.results
19、He _________ his father for both of them love walking in the countryside.A.looks B.is like
C.looks like D.like 20、What do you do? A.I’m a teacher
B.I live in a small town C.I come from a small town D.I like teaching
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