第一篇:新课标英语初三英语第四单元词组总结
新课标英语初三英语第四单元词组总结
Unit 4Whatwouldyoudo?
Ⅰ.What if ….如果…将会怎么样Let sb down让某人失望come out出版get along/on with sb 与某人相处plenty of许多的大量的by accident 偶然地意外地
in a public place在公共场合without permission 未经允许
permit doing sth 允许做某事permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事come up with想出not….in the least = not at all 一点也不give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物give up 放弃give in 屈服give away分发送给give out分发用完give off 发出
give back归还give it to charity 把它给慈善机构
put on 穿上上演put down放下put off 延迟推迟put away收拾utout 扑灭 put up 举起张贴
hundreds(thousands)(millions)(billions)of 成百上千的two hundred二百many hundreds 好几百several thousands 好几千one of + pl + V(s)…之一medical research 医疗研究
take away 拿走take back带回take down 放下take off 起飞脱掉take place 发生take on 呈现take …to..把…带到…takeataxi打车
it takes(took)sb some time to do sth 花费多长时间做某事be nervous about对…感觉紧张 be(get)(feel)
nervous doing sth 感觉做某事紧张worry about 担心be(get)worried(about)担心be late for …迟到come late to..来晚get to the class late 上课迟
what(how)(where)(which)to do 做什么(疑问词加不定式结构)
find it 找到(it 作形式宾语)find out 找出
ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事ask sb not to do 让某人别做某事
ask for sth 需要,请求ask sb for sth向某人请求
would rather do sth than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁
愿而不愿wear a shirt and tie 穿衬衫打领带
(be)(come)a little late 来得有点儿晚take there 带到那儿
not a little = very much 非常多bring here 带到这儿
nothing else 没有别的什么what else 别的什么
enjoy doing 喜欢做某事enjoy oneself玩得愉快
help sb/sth out 帮助某人/某物摆脱困境
couldn’t / can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
lots of = a lot of许多的大量的a lot = very much 非常
get pimples 得丘疹look terrible 看起来很糟糕
take a long walk 散步很长时间help sb relax 帮助某人放松
take a big exam参加大考试too tired to do well 太累而做不好
be sleepless失眠的look friendly 看起来很友好
give sb some advice给某人一些建议
some pieces of advice = some advice一些建议
some good pieces of advice 一些好建议
accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议ask for advice 寻求建议
follow one’s advice 采取某人的建议
advise sb against sth 建议某人提防某事advise sb of sth建议某人某事
advice on what to do 关于如何做的建议
can be a lot of trouble 可能会很麻烦be confident of sth 对某事自信
confident that 自信…be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
I’m afraid so恐怕是这样I’m afraid not so恐怕不是这样
be afraid of sth害怕某事have / hole a meeting 开会
all night 整晚all day整天
all the time = the whole of the time 总是
another few apples = few more apples 再来几个苹果
ask sb to be in a movie 让某人出演电影wait for sb/ sth 等待某人/某事
can’t wait to do sth 等不及做某事
introduce oneself to sb 向某人介绍自己i
nvite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
thanks for your invitation 感谢你的邀请
thanks for inviting me to come to the party 对你邀请我来参加晚会表示感
谢at one’s house 在某人的家里bother doing sth 烦恼做某事
bother with /about sth烦恼某事enjoy the company of 喜欢…的陪伴
have a small circle of very good friends 有一个小的好朋友圈
a good listener一个好的听者right away 立刻right now 立即此刻
think it over 仔细思考think about考虑think of 想起
be friendly(kind)to sb 对某人友好come top 得第一be
terrified of sth(doing sth)对某事恐惧the rest of 其余的cut oneself 伤到某人自己be covered with由..覆盖
cover….with 用…覆盖be filled with=be full of 充满
press sth hard 使劲按rain hard 雨下得很大
rain heavily 雨下得很大hardly ever 几乎不
fall downstairs 摔下楼梯would hurry to do sth 着急做某事
get the medical help 得到医疗救助the burned area 烧着的区域
cold running water 冷的流水feel some pain 感觉有些疼痛
offer sb sth提供某人某物offer sth to sb 提供某物给某人
offer sth for sth 提供某物为某事offer to do sth 提供做某事
know of / about 了解be known as 作为…而出名
be known for 因..而出名be known to 对..来说是出名的have a first – aid进行一次急救on a nearby shelf在附近的架子上
a lot of experience 许多经历at the party在晚会上
refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事the dangers of smoking 吸烟的危险
hide sth from sb 藏起某物远离某人tell sb(not)to do告诉某人做某事
tell a lie 撒谎tell a story 讲故事
tell sb sth 告诉某人某事go alone 独自走a deep cut 一个深的切口
take a deep breath 深呼吸feel lonely感觉孤独
on the lonely island 在荒芜人的岛上be helpful to 对..是有帮助的treat a small burn 治疗一个小的烧伤be dangerous to do sth 做某事
是危险的a survey on sth关于..的调查
do research into the cause of the accident 调查引起事故的起因
for /help/cut/hurt/enjoy/by/dress/teach oneself为某人自己/随便吃些
东西/切到某人自己/伤到某人自己/玩得愉快/被某人自己/某人自己穿衣服/自
学knowledge of ….关于…的知识catch/keep up with 跟上赶上
rest on依靠resthome疗养院rest room洗手间
go downstairs 下楼burn to the ground把….烧光burn down 烧光
have a pain in my head 头疼treat ….as …(regard…as …)把…当作…
treat sb to sth 招待某人吃什么point to 指向远处
point at 指向近处point out 指出succeed in(doing)sth
(做)某事成功in the present case 在目前这种状况下
Ⅱ.1.Whatyou do if youa lot of money?/ willhave /
2.Please add more ideas()the questions and share your answers
()other students.3.If Ia million dollars, I.(我会把
它给慈善机构)
Unit 4
give …… to charity把……捐给慈善事业medical research医学研究
put …… in the bank把……存入银行be late for迟到
worry about担心;焦虑talk to sb和某人谈话
what if如果……将会怎么样take a long walk长时间散步
take a big exam参加大型get nervous变得紧张
give a speech做演讲do …… better……做得更好
have a cold感冒without permission未经允许in the slightest一点也;根本plenty of很多的;足够的let …… down使……失望或沮丧
right away立刻;马上
think about考虑;想
make speeches做演讲
how many ……多少……at first起初;首先in fact事实上think of想出;思考come out出版;发表by accident偶然come up with(针对问题等)提出;想出
stay with sb和某人呆在一起
give advice on……就……提出意见或建议
ask one’s permission征求某人同意
introduce …… to ……向……介绍……
get along with与……相处
like …… rather than ……喜欢……胜过……
would rather do …… than do ……宁愿干……而不愿干……have a small circle of ……有一个小的……圈子an English speech contest一次演讲比赛
come top in the school exams在全校中名列前茅
Unit 5
belong to属于
hair band发带use up用完;用光;耗尽escape from…… 从……逃出
play the guitar弹吉它
much too太……
catch a bus赶乘公共汽车
have fun玩得开心get in the window从窗户进入get on the plane上飞机too much太多
in an ocean of paper在纸(试卷)的海洋中have a math test on algebra有一场几何
have sb’s name on ……在……上有某人的名字Unit 6
on display展览;陈列
keep / stay healthy保持健康
to be honest老实说;说实在的for example例如
not at all根本不;全然不
stay away from与……保持距离
be bad for对……有害的;有坏处的be in agreement意见一致barbecued meat烧烤肉even if尽管;即使take care of照顾;照料have a good balance(饮食)均衡
第二篇:人教版初三英语第四单元总结词组(写写帮推荐)
如果。。将会怎么样 好几百万人
晚会迟到
医学研究
给慈善捐钱
存钱
在聚会上
两百万英镑
为。而担心
为。而焦急
起疙瘩
参加考试
享受晚会
看起来友好
太。以至于不能 害怕做某事
对。有信心
对。有信心
未经允许
一点也不
一点也不
容易相处
采取某人建议
让某人失望
宁愿做。也不愿意做 请求我的允许
发表演讲
充足的雨水
立刻马上
一个好朋友的小圈子
邀请某人做某事 介绍自己
帮助某人做某事 公众场合做一个好的倾听者 剩余部分
代表班级
提出 想出(主意,想法)对。有兴趣
摔倒楼下
住在楼上
了解知道
对。。恐惧
醉酒
what if 帮助某人放松 millions of people 像年轻人一样精力be late for the party 充沛 medical research 提供某人某事 give money to charity 拒绝某人做某事 put money in the bank 偶然的 at the party 烫伤自己 two millions of poundsbe worrieplestake a big examenjoy parties look frid about be anxious about get pimendly too…tobe afraid of be confident of have confidence in without permission not …at all not… in the slightest easy to get along with take one’s advice let sb down would rather do than do ask for my permission give a speechplenty of rain right away a small circle of good friends invite sb to do sth introduce oneself help with in public be a good listener the rest of represent class come up with be interested in fall downstairs live upstairs have a good knowledge of be terrified of get drink
第三篇:初三英语词组总结
Module1
1.have a meeting开会2.listen up 注意听3.get out of从……内出来;离开
4.reply to sth./sb.答复某事/某人5.on the edge of 处于……的边缘
6.at the bottom of 在……的底部7.write down 写下,记下
8.tell sb.about sth.告诉某人某事9.do some reviews about… 对…做评论
10.do an interview with sb.采访某人
11.How/What about sth./sb./ doing sth.某人/某物/做某事怎么样?
12.how to do sth.怎么做某事13.a boy called Tom 一个名叫
14.suggest doing sth.建议做某事15.go through 走过,穿过
16.in front of在……的前面in the front of 在……的前部
17.in five minutes 五分钟后, 在五分钟内18.too…..to…… 太……而不能
19.look down 往下看,俯视look across 眺望20.arrive at/in 到达
21.faster and faster越来越快22.be afraid of 害怕……
23.more and more people 越来越多人24.in the future 在将来
25.all kinds of 各种各样26.look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事
27.thousands of成千上万的28.as…as possible/ one can 尽可能……
29.be able to do sth.能/.会做某事30.because of +名/代/动名词 由于/因为
Module2
1.as far as就……来说,至于2.not …any more 不再……
3.millions of数百万的4.run away 逃跑;潜逃5.for a time 暂时,一度
6.grow up成长,长大成人7.talk about谈论8.think about考虑
9.sound like 听起来像……10.look for 寻找
11.be known as… 作为……而闻名/知名be known/famous for 以…而闻名/出名
12.at the end of在……末尾/尽头13.get lost迷路
14.be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊奇be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊奇to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是
15.be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事be pleased with sth./sb对某事/某人感到高兴/满意
16.be/have to do with sb./sth.和某人/某事有关17.all over the world 全世界
18.in the 19th century 在19世纪19.try to do sth.努力/设法去做某事
20.prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer sth./doing sth.to sth./doing sth.与某物/做某事相比,更喜欢某物/做某事
prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁可做某事也不要做某事
21.in fact事实上22.sothing else 别的一些东西
Module3
1.allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事2.stand for代表,象征
3.encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人去做某事4.set up 建立,创立(公司,机构等)
5.first of all 首先6.have no choose to do/to do sth.没有机会做某事
7.so …that 如此……以致8.get to sb.让某人感到烦恼
9.be mad with sb.生某人的气10.invite sb.to do sth/某地 邀请某人去做某事/某地
11.make sure 确信,确保,务必
12.compare…to 把……比作……compare…with… 把……与……相比
13.find out 找出,弄清楚,查出14.take up 占据,占用(时间,空间等)
15.advise sb to do sth.劝告某人做某事
16.ten—year –old 十岁大的a ten—year –old boy 一个十岁大的男孩
17.less than不到,少于more than 超过,多于
18.It’s +形+(for sb.)+to do sth.做某事(对某人来说)是……
Module4
1.ask a favour(of sb.)请求(某人)帮助2.at the age of 在……岁时
3.see to 负责,注意4.look through 浏览5.at a time 一次
6.at the beginning of 在……的开始7.rather than而不是8.one day 某天
9.would like to do sth./feel like doing sth.想要做某事10.take photos 拍照片
11.from now on 从现在起from then on 从那时起
12.be used for sth./doing sth.be used to do sth.被用来做某事
be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事be used as 被用作……
13.a couple of months 几个月
14.turn off关掉turm on 打开turn up 调高(音量)turn down 调低
15.lend sth.to sb.借某物给某人borrow sth.from sb.向某人借某物
16.look after/ take care of 关心17.leave sth.in/ at+地方 把某物留在某地
18.on one’s way to在往……的路上19.go to sleep 去睡觉
20.be made of由……制成/构成(制出的成品能看出原材料)
be made from 由……制成/构成(制出的成品不能看出原材料)
be made in +地方在某地制造be made by +执行者由某人制造
21.in the 19th century在十九世纪22.as a result 结果是
23.in a way在某种程度上/意义上24.so that以便,以致
25.It is said that… 据说
Module 5
1.pay attention to 集中注意力于……2.as well 也3.work out 设法弄懂,计算出
4.try out 试图,试验,5.above all首先6.drop in 顺便走访
7.as……as 同……一样8.Hang on a minute.等一下
9.go off on one’sown=leave on one’s own单独离开10.kind of有点儿
11.hurry up 赶快12.be familiar to sb.对某人来说熟悉
13.do experiments 做实验14.be different from 与……不同
15.learn about 了解
16.(人)fill…with… 把……装满……(物)be filled with /be full of 装满/充满……
17.fast enough 足够快18.as well as除……之外还有/并且,不但,而且/已及
19.as long as 只要20.from…to… 从……到21.in the southeast of在……的东南部
Module6
1.throw away 扔掉,抛掉(某物)2.instead ofsth./doing sth.代替,而不是
3.do harm to 对……造成伤害4.make a difference to 对……产生影响/很重要
5.get an email from sb.收到某人的电子邮件6.be careful about … 认真,谨慎对待……
7.thousands of成千上万的8.in fact 事实上9.raise money筹款
10.help(to)do sth.帮助做某事11.ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事
12.both…and… 两者都……/…和…都13.neither…nor… 两者都不……/既不…也不…
14.care about 关心15.as long as possible 尽可能长久
16.change…into… 把……变成17.take part in 参加(会议,活动等)
18.be off to 动身去19.try one’s best to do sth.尽力去做某事
20.hear of 听说21.be good for对……有好处
22.worry about为……担心23.keep sth.+adj.使某物保持……状态
24.travel by plane 乘飞机去旅游25.look around 四周围看看
26.in the 1960s 在二十世纪六十年代27.put up 张贴,挂起
28.be made up of 组成,构成29.a number of 许多(谓用复)the number of ……的数量(谓用单)
Module7
1.have a look at 看……一眼2.be similar to 同…..相似be the same as与……相同
3.give sb.a hand帮助某人would like a hand to do 想要帮忙某事.4.write(a letter)to sb.写信给某人5.in the centre of 在……的中心
6.by the way 顺便问一下,顺便说
7.on one’s way to… 在某人去……的路上
on one’sway back from…在某人从……回来的路上
8.at the moment 在那时,此刻9.on the first day 在第一天
10.at different times of the day 在一天的不同时间11.arrive at/in get to reach 到达
12.keep doing sth.坚持做某事,连续不断做某事keep sb.doing sth.使某人连续不断做某事
13.any other country任何一个其他国家14.get back 回来,取回
15.as soon as 一……就16.at once 立刻
Module8
1.on the left/right 在左边/右边2.be/get in trouble 陷入困境/有麻烦
3.except to do sth.盼望做某事except sb.to do sth.盼望某人做某事
4.pick up 捡起5.even though/if 即使6.congratulations to sb.祝贺某人
7.get on 发展,进步get on(well)with 与……相处(得好)
8.be in with a chance 有…..可能,有机会9.be for from 离……远
10.manage to do sth.想方设法去做某事11.work on 从事
12.thanks to 由于……,多亏……13.agree to do sth.同意做某事
14.at the end of this month 在今个月月底15.in the past在过去
16.show sb.around 带领某人参观17.walk past 经过,走过
18.much lighter 轻得多19.think of 考虑,想到
Module9
1.over there 那边2.have a word with 和某人说几句话
3.win the heart of赢得……的心4.ever since 从……开始
5.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事6.go over to speak to sb.走过去和某人说话
7.be in deep trouble 有大麻烦8.make a mess 搞得乱七八糟
9.return to … 回到……10.translate…into 把……译成……
11.more than/over 超过12.hold a birthday party 举行生日聚会
13.leave one on one’s own/leave one byoneself 把某人单独留下
14.all the time 一直,总是15.be able to do sth.能/会做某事
Module10
1.give up doing sth.放弃做某事2.a place of interest 旅游胜地
3.do some cooking 做饭4.a bit tired 有点疲劳5.want sb.to do 想要某人做某事
6.strong enough 足够强壮7.need to do sth.需要做某事
8.take a lot of exercise 进行大量的锻炼9.do weight training做举重训练
10.bump into 碰到11.look like 看起来
12.be different to do sth.难做某事13.know about 了解
14.decide to do sth.决定做某事15.hard work 艰苦的工作work hard 努力工作
16.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事17.persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人去做某事
18.spend...on… 在某方面花(时间/金钱)做某事
spend …(in)doing sth.花(时间/金钱)做某事
19.agree with sb.同意某人20.in order to dosth.为了做某事
21.put on 增加,穿上22.had better(not)do sth.最好(别)做某事
Module11
1.along with 与……一起2.thanks to 由于,多亏3.add to 向……增加
4.look up 查找,查阅5.come toward sb.朝某人走过去
6.come up 发生,出现,举行,进行7.present the prizes颁奖
8.be close to靠近……, 离……近9.have a better life 过更好的生活
10.close down 关闭11.protect…from… 保护……不受……侵害
12.be free from不受……影响,没有……的13.a great number of大量的,许多的14.because of 由于,因为15.at the end of the school term 在学期末
16.work hard to do sth.努力去做某事17.at the same time 在同一时间
18.move to +地方搬迁到某地
19.more and more people 越来越多人
less and less water 越来越小水more and more difficult 越来越困难
Module 12
1.make progress 取得进步2.a pair of trousers 一条裤子
3.fill in 填写4.check in登记入住,(在机场)办理登记手续
5.the whole class 整个班6.give a warm welcome to sb.热烈欢迎某人
7.fly to 坐飞机去……8.do an English course 上英语课
9.watch sb.do sth.观看某人做某事10.at the beginning of 在……的开始
11.plenty of 相当多的,大量的14.by the end of 到…..末为止;到……结束时
15.take place 发生(通常指经过安排的发生
第四篇:九年级英语第二单元词组总结
第二单元词组归纳
1.过去常常used to/be used to doing习惯于做/be used to do =be used for doing 被用于做2 对了。That’sright.3.be interested in对……感兴趣4 wait a minute.稍等5 on the swim team 在游泳队6 people sure change.人的确在变7 alone 单独强调数量lonely 孤独强调感情8 in front of 在……前面 in the front of在……前部(内部)9 be afraid of something/doing /be afraid to do sth./be terrified of 害怕10 do about 对……采取某种办法11.with the bedroom light on /off 让卧室的灯开着/关着12 with the door closed/open让门关着 13 in the dark在黑暗中 14 play the piano 弹钢琴15 play soccer踢足球16 walk to school/go to school on foot步行上学 17 all the time 一直18 so much +不可数名词/so many+可数名词复数 19 all day 一整天20 spend ….doing/on something花费时间 21 it takes sb.some time to do something 做某事话费某人多长时间22 pay for 付款、;赔偿/cost 物作主语23 不再no longer /not ….any longer时间上不再延长 /no more /not…any more 次数上不在增多24 in the past /last few years 再过去的几年中(用于现在完成时)25 in the past 在过去(用于过去时)26mind doing/one’s doing介意(某人)做27 move to 搬到……28 it seems that …..似乎29 change one’s life 改变某人的生活30 afford to do something能够做…… 31 take care of /look after 照顾32 as …as one can /possible 尽可能33 get into trouble with sb.与某人发生冲突34 be patient with sb./of sth.对……有耐心 35 give up doing 放弃做……(代词放中间)36 make a decision 下决心37 to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是 /in surprise吃惊地38 even though 尽管/even if 39 take pride in /be proud of以……自豪 41 pay attention to +名词/代词/ving 注意……42 one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数……之一43 waste one’s time浪费某人时间44be able to能;会 45 change one’s mind 改变主意46 join sb.加入到某人当中47make sb.Stressed out 使某人感到有压力 48 I used to be afraid of the dark.49--Did you use to be short ?—yes, I did /no, I didn’t
I didn’t used to be afraid of the tests.51 I go to sleep with the bedroom light on
My biggest problem is that I’m too busy.53 I really miss the old days.54 my life has changed a lot in the last few years.55 It seems that yu mei has changed a lot.56 It’s necessary for Martin to talk with his mother.It is +形容词+for sb.To do sth.57 How I’ve changed!
he is a 15-year-old boy.the boy is 15years old.他是一个15 岁的男孩。
第五篇:常用英语词组
1、a number of, the number of a number of +可数名词,谓语用复数,意为许多,大量的……
the number of +可数名词,谓语用单数,意为……的数目
2、able, capable, competent able为常用词,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知识与时间等,搭配是be able to do s.th。如:A cat is able to see in the dark.(猫在黑暗中能看见东西。)
capable 指满足一般要求的能力,搭配是be capable of +doing。
competent 指“胜任”,“合格”,或受过专业技术等训练的,但不是超群的能力。如:A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases.(医生应该能治多种病。)
3、above all;after all;at all;in all above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入语,起强调作用。如:
But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告诉我该做什么。
after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”,在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如:
After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.毕竟,两周后就是你的生日。
He is,after all,a small child.他毕竟还是个小孩子。
He failed after all.他终于失败了。
at all用于否定句时,意为“丝毫;根本”,用于疑问句时意为“究竟;到底”,用于条件句时,常译为“当真;实在”。用于肯定句中,表示说话人的某种情绪或情感(如怀疑或惊奇等),意为“竟然”等。如:
He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜欢你。
Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做这件事?
If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做这件事,就得做好。
I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然来了,我很惊讶。
in all意为“总共”,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。如:
There are 25,000 Inuit in all.(=In all,there are 25,000 Inuit.)这儿共有25,000因努伊特人。
4、aboard, abroad, board,broad
aboard 在船(或飞机,车)上。如:I never went aboard a ship.abroad 副词,在国外或海外。如:He often goes abroad.board 为动词,上(船,飞机,车)。如:The passengers are boarding the plane now.broad 为形容词,宽广的。如:He has very broad shoulders.5、accept, receive
accept 接受,receive“接到”,“收到”。
如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it.(昨天我收到了一个请柬,但并没有接受邀请。)
6、accident, incident, event
accident事故。如:a traffic accident(交通事故)
incident“附带事件”,在政治上特指引起国际争端或战争的事件,事变。
event “事件”,指特别重要的事件,通常是由以前的努力而产生的结果,也指国家和社会的事件。
7-accurate, correct, exact,precise
accurate准确的,精确的。如:Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.(火车站的钟应该是准确的。)
correct“正确的”,指符合一定的标准或准则,含有“无错误的”意味。它的反义词是incorrect, wrong.exact“精确的”,“恰好的”,比“大体上正确”更进一步,表“丝毫不差”。它的反义词是inexact。
precise强调“精确”,“精密”。
8、accuse, charge, sue
accuse 指责,指控,常与of 搭配。如:His boss accused him of carelessness.charge 常与with搭配。如:The police
charged the driver with reckless driving.sue 常与for 搭配。如:Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house.9、acquire, require, inquire
acquire取得,获得,学到。如:acquire knowledge(获得知识)
inquire打听,询问。如:inquire a person’s name(问一个人的姓名)
require需要。如:We require more help.(我们需要更多的帮助。)
10、adopt, adapt
adopt(1)收养。如:Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl.(他们自己没有孩子,所以决定收养一个小女孩。)(2)采纳,采用,通过。如:He adopted our suggestion.(他采纳了我们的建议。)adopt与adapt词形相近,后者的意思是“使适合”,“改编”等。
11、advantage, benefit, profit
advantage 常指一种使某人处于比其他人相对有利的地位,机会或时机。如:He had the advantage of good education.(受过良好的教育对他十分有利。)
profit 多指报偿或报偿性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year?(你去年赚钱了吗?)
benefit 指物质利益或精神方面的好处。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我个人从这家企业中并不获益。)
12、1affect, effect
affect影响(动词)。如Smoking affects health.effect效果,影响(名词)。如:Government policy will not have any effect on us.
13、afford, provide, supply
都有“提供,供给”的意思。
afford一般只用于抽象事物。
provide 和supply意思相同,两个词都和with连用,构成provide /supply somebody with something的结构。
14、ago, before ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。
before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。
例如,I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分钟之前看到的他。
He told me that he had seen the film before.他告诉我他以前看过这场电影。
15、agree on;agree to;agree with agree on作“就……取得一致意见”解。例如:
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
上月,就建一座新汽车厂之事达成了协议。
agree to有两层含义和用法:
其一是to作为动词不定式符号,其后跟动词原形,作“同意(答应)做某事”解。
例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me. 父亲答应给我买支新钢笔。
其二是to作为介词,之后跟表示“计划/条件/建议等一类的名词或代词”。例如:
They have a greed to our plan.他们已同意我们的计划。
agree with作“同意某人的意见”解,其后可跟表示人的名词或代词,也可跟表示“意见”或“说的话”的名词或从句。例如:
He agreed with my opinions. 他同意了我的意见。
We agreed with what he said at the meeting. 我们同意他在会上讲的话。
16、alive, living, live
alive 指虽有死的可能,但仍活着,一般只作表语。
living可用于人或物,作定语时可前可后。live只做前置定语,用于动物和个别事物前。
17、almost, nearly 一般说来,almost比nearly 表示的意思更接近“开始”、“完成”(目标)等。
在all, every, always 前,两者都可用。如:He is almost(nearly)smoking.(他几
乎每天抽烟。)
almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 连用,而nearly却不能。如:Almost no one believed her.(几乎没人相信他。)
18、alone, lonely
alone只表“独自”的客观状态,没有感情色彩,只作表语;lonely表“孤独”,:“寂寞”,能作定语和表语。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely.(剩下她一人时她就感到寂寞。)
alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone须置于被修饰词之后,only往往置于被修饰词前。如:He alone(Only he)can remember the story.(只有他才能记起这段经历。)
19、altogether, all together altogether总计,总共。如:Altogether there are six of us.(我们总计六人。)
all together 全都在一起。如:We played the game all together.(我们大家都一起来玩游戏吧。)
20、although;though;as
三者均可表示“尽管;虽然”,引导让步状语从句。although用法较正式,语气较强;though较常用;as则主要用于倒装句。它们的用法有如下几点值得注意:
状语从句由although, though或as引导,主句之前不可有but, and, so, however等并列连词,但可有yet或still等副词。although与though常可互换。例如:
Although/Though he believes it, yet he will not act. 他虽然相信它,但却不肯有所行动。
as表示“尽管;虽然”,只能用于倒装句,即:将表语、状语或谓语动词放在as之前。though也可这么用。例如:
Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. 他虽然年纪不大,却懂得很多。
注意:如果表语是单数名词,要省略a。例如:
Child as/though he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 虽然他是个孩子,但他会说两门外语。
though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although却不能。例如:
They said they would come;they did not, though. 他们说他们会来,可是他们
并没有来。
although只用来陈述“事实”,不能表示“假设”。因此可以说even though“即使”以及as though“好像(=as if)”,不能说even although或as although。例如:
I believe you are on duty—even though you’re in plain clothes. 尽管你穿着便衣,我相信你是在值勤。[外语
@
21、among, between
among 在……中间(三者或三者以上之间)。如:Our house is hidden among trees.between在两者之间。如:It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a Chinese.
22、answer, reply, respond
用作动词,都可表“回答”,“答复”。
answer是常用词,后可接letter(回信),question(回答问题),doorbell(开门),telephone(接电话),advertisement(应征广告)等。
reply较正式,一般只作不及物动词,可
与to连用。如:He has replied to my letter.(他回答了我信中提的问题。)
respond作“回答”解,用得较少,也同to 搭配。如:He quickly responded to the question.(他很快就回答了问题。)
另外,respond还可表“对……反应”,“响应”。
23、approve, prove
approve(1)赞成,同意。如:I don’t approve of wasting time.(我不赞成浪费时间。)(2)批准,通过。如:The minister approved the building plan.部长批准了建筑计划。
prove和approve词形相似,prove是“证明”,“表明是”等。
24、arise/rise/raise/ arouse
arise是一个不及物动词,意思是“起源于(和from连用)和“出现”。
rise是一个不及物动词,意思是“上升”,该词是不及物动词:rise, rose, risen raise是一个及物动词,意思是“举起”。
arouse的意思是“引起,导致”。Black smoke rose from the chimney.He is too weak to raise that heavy box.Accidents usually arise from carelessness.A crisis has arisen in their marrige.Matt’s behavior was arousing the interest of the neighbors.
25、as(so)far as;as(so)long as as(so)far as的意思是“就……而言(所知)”,as(so)far as sth.is concerned是其中一种具体用法,意为“就某事而言”;as(so)long as意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。如:
As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.
就我所知,一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。
There is nothing that we can’t do so / as long as we keep on trying to do it.
只要我们不断地努力去做,就没有什么事干不成。
As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.
就中国的旅游业而言,需要做的工作还很多。
26、as though;even though;though as though(=as if),意为“好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如:
He spoke as though(as if)he had been here before.他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。
It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。
even though(=even if),意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。though也引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;even though有退一步设想的意味,与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实,even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。例如:
He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it.即使他知道这个秘密,他也不肯说出来。
He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他虽然知道这个秘密,但他不会说出来。
27、assure, ensure, insure
assure的意思是“使(某人)确信”,一般用作:assure sb.of /that…,后面不能直接跟that从句。
ensure的意思是“保证”,后面可以接双宾语,也可以接that从句。
insure的意思是“给…上保险”。例如:
He assured me that it was true.We can’t ensure you a good post.My house is insured against fire.
28、at the beginning;in the
beginning
at the beginning 在……初;在……开始的时候。常与of连用。例如: Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term. 学生们在开学初制定学习计划。in the beginning 相当于at first,表示“起初、开始”时,含“起初是这种情况,而后来却不是这种情况”之意,不与of连用。例如: In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics. 起初我们有些人对物理不感兴趣。
29、at the time;at that time;at one time;at a time
at the time通常用于过去时句子中,指某件事情发生的“当时”、“那时”。例如:
Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time. 当时,许多人都看到了这件奇怪的事情的发生。
有时,at the time的后面可接“of...”短语。这时,它表示“在(某事态)发生的时候”或“在……的时代”。例如:
Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in 1989﹖
1989年旧金山发生地震时,你在那里吗?
at that time 则通常指前文明确提到的某个时期、时候。通常其后不带“of...”短语。例如:
In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and Sichuan.At that time(=At the 17th century)the land along the Changjiang River was becoming very crowded.
at one time=during a period of time in the past意为“过去有一段时期”,“曾经”。例如:
They used to be good friends at one time. 他们曾经是好朋友。
at a time则意为“一次”,表示一个时间单位。它常与表示数量的词语连用,表示频率。例如:
Don’t speak all at once.One at a time, please. 不要同时一起说。一次只一个人说。
Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time. 这些药每天服三次,每次服三粒
31、await, wait
await是及物动词。如:I await your further instructions.wait“等”、“等候”,是不及物动词,后常接介词for。如:I will wait for you at the school gate.
32、award, prize, reward
award, reward作动词。award意为“授予(奖品,奖金等)”,后面可跟双宾语;reward意为“报酬”,“酬谢”,只能跟人或以人的行为作宾语。
award, prize, reward作名词时,award
常指奖金,奖品;prize多指在竞赛、竞争中获胜所赢得的奖;reward则指为某项劳动或行为所付的酬金。
33、because/since/as/for
这四个词都是表示原因或理由的连接词,但是as,because,since是从属连词,引导原因状语从句,for是并列连词,所引导的不是原因状语从句,而是表示理由的对等句子,是对前面所讲内容补充和说明。在语气上由强至弱依次为because→since→as→for。because引导的从句多置于句末,表示直接的原因或理由,表示产生那种结果的必然的因果关系,在回答why的提问时,必须用because作答。
如:We stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨我们呆在家里。
as与since引导的从句多置于句首,不过as表示十分明显的原因,只说明一般的因果关系,可译为“因为、由于”;而since则表示稍加分析、对方已知的原因,一般可译为“既然”。如:
As he was not feeling well,I decided to go there alone.由于他身体欠佳,我决定独自去那里。Since everyone is here,let's start.既然大家都到了,咱们就开始吧。
for引导的从句一般放在句末,其前用逗号,它所叙述的理由是间接的,即推测性理由,或是对前面叙述的事实或看法的补充说明。如:
There must be nobody in the classroom,for the light is off. 教室里一定没有人,因为灯灭了。(推测性理由)
34、beat, win beat表在比赛和战斗中打败对手,后接对手作宾语。
Win作及物动词时,其宾语为游戏、比赛、战斗、奖金等名词。如:He has won the race.(他赢得了赛跑的胜利。)
35、beside, besides beside在……旁边。如:Come and sit beside me.besides除……之外。如:I have two other umbrellas besides this one.
36、besides;except;but 三者都可以用作介词。用于肯定句中时,except/but意为“除……外(不再有)”;besides意为“除……外(还有)”。请比较:
All of them have seen the film except/but Wu Dong. 除了吴东外,他们都看过了那部影片。
All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong. 除了吴东看过那部影片外,他们也都看过了。
except后接名词、代词、-ing或不定式时,可以与but互换;except后接副词、介词短语时,一般不能为but所替换。如:
I’ll do everything except/but cook. 除了做饭,我什么事情都干。
This window is never opened except in summer. 除了在夏天,这个窗子从不打开。用在否定句中,三者可以互换。如:
There aren’t any other people to do the work except/but/besides you.
除了你,没人能做这工作。
37、be known as; be known for;be known to; be known in be known as 意为“作为……而著名”,其后的名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。如: Liu Huan is known as a singer.刘欢作为一个歌手而出名。
We’re sure you’ll be well-known as an artist.我们相信你会成为一位著名的画家。
be known for 意为“因……而著名”,其后所接内容表示某人或物的特点、特长等。如:
Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。
Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day.
盖尔多夫先生因在同一天组织两场大型的流行音乐会而出名。
be known to “为……所了解/知道”,其后接表示人的词语。“(人们都)知道”,其后接动词原形。如:
He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。
He was known to have invented many things.=It was known that he had invented many things.
人们都知道他已经发明了很多东西。
38、borrow, lend
borrow借入。如:Can I borrow your pen for a moment
lend把……借给。如:Can you lend me your bike
39、bring/take/fetch/carry
bring(vt.)带来:表示从别处把某人或某物拿到说话者处。
take(vt.)取走:表示将某物从讲话者处带走
fetch(vt.)去取:表示到某地将某物或某人拿到讲话者处。
carry(vt.)携带:表示用人力或交通工具把某物或某人,从一地带到另一地。该动词不含方向意味。
The ball went over the fence and one of the players asked a boy to fetch it.The city’s underground carries more people than the buses.You had better take an umbrella with you in case of rain.Waiter, bring me a bottle of beer please.40、cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth
reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late
。[
41、chance,opportunity,occasion
chance多指偶然的机会,意外的机会,带有侥幸的意味。如:
Evenso,itwasaluckychancethathecoulddoit.(即使如此,那也是他凭着侥幸才做到这点。opportunity主要指能够去做某事,尤其是达到自己目的,实现某种愿望的好机会。如:
Youshouldmakethemostofyouropportunitiesofseeingthecountryandlearningthelanguage.(你应该尽量利用你的机会去看看这个国家,学习它的语言。)
occasion主要指“时机”,“场合”,也含有“机会”的意思。如:
TheflagsarehungoutontheoccasionoftheNationalDay.(每逢国庆节,国旗都悬持出来了。)
42、childish,childlike
childish幼稚的。如:
Itwasverychildishofhimtolosehistemperoversomethingsounimportant.childlike孩子般天真的。如:
Whenshewonthegoldmedal,therewaschildlikesmileonherface.
43、cloth,clothing
cloth布。如:
Ineedthreeyardsofclothtomakeasuit.clothing衣服(总称)。如:You’dbettergivealltheoldclothingaway.
44、compare…with;compar…to;comparedwith/to
compare…with意为“把……与……相比”,侧重指两者间的区别。
如:
Comparethiscarwiththatone,andyouwillfi ndthedifferencesbetweenthem.
把这辆汽车与那辆汽车相比较,你就会发现它们之间的区别。
compare…to…意为“把……比作……”,着重注意两者间的相似点。如:
Thissongcomparesourcountrytoabigfamily.这首歌把我们的国家比作一个大家庭。
compare既可以单独用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作不及物动词时,以comparewith…形式出现,表示“与……相比”。如:
Livingherecan’tcomparewithlivinginShanghai.在这儿生活不能和在上海(生活)相比。
Ifyoucomparethetwowords,youcantellthedifferencebetweenthem.
如果你比较这两个单词,你就会辨别出它们之间的不同。
comparedwith…和comparedto…都可用作状语,意义基本相同,可互换。如:
Comparedto/withhim,youarelucky.与他相比,你是幸运的。
Itwasasmalltownthen,comparedto/withwhatitisnow.和现在比起来,那时它还是个小镇。
45、compose,consist,constitute compose为常用词,常用被动语态,如用主动语态,主语应用复数形式。如:Twelvemencomposeajury.(十二人组成陪审团。)
consist表一个整体由几个部分组成(只能用主动语态)。如:TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIsland.(联合王国是由大不列颠及北爱尔兰组
成。)
constitute为正式用词,与consist相反,表由哪些部分构成整体。如:Twelvemonthsconstituteayear.(一年有十二个月。)
46、considerable,considerate considerable相当多的,可观的。如:Hemetaconsiderableamountoftrouble.(他遇到了许多麻烦。)
considerate考虑周到的,体谅的。如:Itwasconsiderateofyounottotroubleus.(你真体贴人,不打扰我们。)
47、consistent,constant,continual,continuous
consistent一致的,符合的。如:Hisactionisalwaysconsistentwithhiswords.constant不断的,表示持续和惯常的重现,往往没有变化。如:
Heattributeshishealthtohisconstantexercise.continual频频的,不停的,时断时续,中间可有间歇。如:
Continualsmokingisbadforhealth.continuous不断延伸的,连续不断的,强调中间无间断。如:
Everythingintheuniverseundergoescontinuousdevelopmentandchange.
48、cost/take/spend/pay
cost(vt.)花费:指花费金钱、劳力和时间。主语通常是事或物,可跟双宾语。take(vt.)花费:指花费时间。主语通常是一件事,也可以跟双宾语。
spend(vt.)花费:指花费时间和金钱,主语总是人。可以形成spend…onsth./indoingsth.结构。
pay(vt.&vi.)付钱,后面可以跟双宾语,也可以当不及物动词使用,形成payforsth.结构。比较:
Electricitywillcostmorethanitdidlastyear.Itwilltakemetwodaystofinishthework.Inthepastfewyearsthefactoryspentalotofmoneyimprovingitsworkingconditions.Dick’sunclehastopayforhiseducationashisfatherhascomedownintheworld.
49、crack,crash
crack(使)破裂,砸开。如:
Icancrackit,butIcan’tbreakit.(我能把它弄裂,但不能把它弄破。)
crash摔坏,坠毁。如:
Theplanecrashedshortlyafterthetake-off.(飞机起飞不久就坠毁了。)
50、cure,treat
cure治愈,医治。如:
Themedicinewillcureofyourdisease.(这药能治好你的病。)
cure表示治好,treat只表示“给……治病”。[外语@教
外语
51、current,present
均可表“现在”,“目前”。
current强调在现阶段正在流行,通用,但不一定是最新的。如:currentEnglish(当代英语)present为常用词,指现在正在通用的,在时间上比current的范围更窄。如:What’syourpresentaddress?(你现住址是哪里)
52、custom,habit
均可表习惯。
custom为正式用词,多指社团或人们的习惯行为方式。
habit为常用词,多指个人因多次重复而形成做某事的趋势或意愿。如:
Hehasthebadhabitofbitinghisnails.(他有咬手指的坏习惯。)
53、damage;destroy;ruin
这三个词都有“破坏;损坏”的意思,区别如下:
damage意为“损坏、破坏”。它可用于表示损坏或破坏具体的物品,一般暗示损坏后价值或效益会降低,这种损坏是部分性的,通常指损坏的程度不那么严重,还可以修复再用。也可用于表示损坏抽象的东西,有时该词也用于借喻。如:
Thecarwasnotdamagedbadlyintheaccident,butfivepeoplewereseriouslyhurt.
汽车在事故中损坏不严重,但却有五个人受了重伤。
Herheartwasslightlydamagedasaresultofherlongillness.长期生病使她的心脏受到轻度损伤。
Whattheysaidanddiddamagedtherelationsbetweenthetwocountries.
他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系。
Smokinghasdamagedhishealthbadly.吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。
damage还可用作可数或不可数名词。如:
Theearthquakedidalotofdamagestothecity.这场地震给这座城市带来了巨大的破坏。
destroy意为“破坏;摧毁;消灭;毁灭”,通常指程度非常严重的“毁坏”,一般情况下不可以修复再用。另外,它既可表示毁坏具体的物品,也可表示毁坏抽象的东西。如:
Thebigfiredestroyedthewholehouse.这场大火把整座房子都烧毁了。
TheNaziwantedtodestroypeople'shopes,butintheendwhatwasdestroyedwastheNazi'sdreambythepowerofpeople.纳粹想摧毁人民的希望,最终是纳粹的梦想被人民的力量所摧毁。
ruin多用于借喻之中,有时泛指一般性的破坏,指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。如:
Mynewcoatisruined.我的外套不能再穿了。
Therainwillruinthecrops.这雨会把庄稼毁掉的。
Iwasruinedbythatlawcase;I'maruinedman我被那场官司毁了,我破产了。
54、dependent,independent dependent依赖的,依靠的(on,upon)。如:Successisdependentonyourhardwork.Independent不依靠的,独立的(of)。如:Johnwasindependentofhisparentswhenhewasstillachild.
55、discover,invent discover发现。如:Acoalminehasbeendiscoveredinthatarea.invent发明,创造。如:Akindoftoothbrushhasbeeninventedtorelievetoothache.
56、doubt/suspect doubt意为怀疑某事是不可能或不真实的,肯定句中常跟whether或if引出的宾语从句,否定句和疑问句常跟that引出的宾语从句。翻译成“不相信”比较恰当。而suspect意为怀疑或认为某件事是真的。常跟that引起的宾语从句。翻译成“猜想…是真的”比较恰当。试比较:
Idoubtwhetherheisagenius.我看他未必是个天才。
Doyoudoubtthatheisagenius? 你怀疑他是个天才吗? Isuspectthatheisagenius.我猜想他是个天才。
57、effective,efficient
均可表示“有效的”。
effective常用以指物,强调能产生某种预期的效果。如:
effectivemedicine,effectivemethod等。
efficient“效率高的”,“有能力的”,用以指人或物,着重有效地利用时间、精力并取得预期效果。如:
TheGermantelephonesystemishighlyefficient.(德国的电话系统效率很高。)
58、economic,economical
economic经济(学)的。如:theeconomicdoctrinesofRicardo(李嘉图的经济学说)
economical节约的,节俭的。如:Heiseconomicalofmoneyandtime.
59、electric,electrical,electronic 三词都与电有关
electric着重于发电的,电动的或导电的。如:electricgenerator(发电机);electriclight(电灯)
electrical多指本身不产生电,但是与电有关的。如:electricalengineering(电机工程);anelectricaltranscription(广播唱片)
electronic电子的,电子操作的。如:electronicengineering(电子工程学)
60、emergence,emergency
emergence是emerge的名词形式。Emergency意为“紧急情况”,“突然事件”。[外语
61、everyday, every day
everyday每日的,日常的(作定语)。如:This morning exercise has become my everyday routine.every day每天(作状语)。如:She gets up early every day.62、endure, bear, stand,tolerate, withstand 都表忍受,忍耐。
bear忍受,容忍,指忍受使人悲痛、烦恼或痛苦的事情。如:It is hard to bear to be laughed at.(被人取笑是难以忍受的。)
endure忍耐,书面语,指长时间经受痛苦而不屈服。如:It takes patience to endure hardships.忍受苦难需要耐力。)
stand忍受,与bear同义,但较口语化。如:She can’t stand having nothing to do.(没事干,她受不了。)
tolerate容忍,容许,指自我克制的态度,对于令人反感的事没有任何抗议。如:I can’t tolerate him if he goes on like that.(他如果继续这样下去的话,我决不会容忍他。)
withstand经受,承受,指顶住外来的压力和攻势。如:They have withstood all test.(他们经受了一切考验。)
63、error, mistake, fault,shortcoming
均表“缺点”,“错误”。
error是通用词,指任何错误,“犯错误”可以说commit /make an error。
mistake指判断或理解方面,或指因考虑不周而造成的错误,搭配是make a mistake。
fault表示“过失”,可与error通用,现多用来指缺点,特指缺乏某要素因而不完美。如:There is a fault in this machine.(这台机器有一处毛病。)构成短语 find fault with挑剔,找毛病。
shortcoming 缺点,可指人或事物的本质上不足之处(常用复数)。如:In spite of his shortcomings, I still like him.(尽管他缺点多,我仍然喜欢他。)
64、especially, particularly,specially
均可表“特别地”。
especially一般表示某事物在意义、程度、重要性性超过其他事物。如:I love Italy, especially in summer.(我喜欢意大利,尤其在夏天。)
particularly往往着重说明与同类事物不同的个别事物。如:The visitors admired his paintings, but particularly the portrait of his daughter.(来访者赞赏他所有的绘画,特别是他女儿的画像。)
specially 多表示“专门地”,“为特别目的的地”,如表“不寻常”,“过分”等,可与especially通用。如:I made chocolate cake specially for you.(我特地为你做了巧克力蛋糕。)
65、fast, quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
66、fit/suit 两者都是及物动词,表示“适合”。他们的区别在于,前者指的是尺寸大小的适合;而后者表示的是样式、风格、程度的适合。例如:
This straw hat does not fit me;it’s too big.Her blue coat suits her fair skin.67、formally, formerly formally正式地。如:We were required to dress formally for the party.formerly从前。如:Formerly he worked in a factory, but now he is a teacher.68、gaze, stare, glance, glimpse
都与“看”有关。
gaze“凝视”,强调由于惊奇、兴趣,目不转睛地注视。
Stare强调由于好奇、害怕或无意地睁大眼睛盯着看看。
glare“怒视”,是凶狠地含有威胁地盯着看。
glimpse“一瞥”,是短暂而急促地看,含有意地匆匆地看一眼,现多用作名词。
[注意]一般表示“看”的单词大多同at搭配构成短,但glimpse却有catch(have)a glimpse of这一搭配。
69、hanged, hung hang, hanged, hanged吊死。如:He hanged himself when he failed.Hang, hung, hung悬挂。如:His pictures were hung in the museum.70、hard, hardly hard努力地。如:Take it easy.You’ve been working too hard.hardly几乎不,简直不。如:The children can hardly wait to hear the news.71、home, house
home家。如:East or west, home is best.House房子,住宅。如:Our new house is quite near the station.72、equal, equivalent,identical, same
皆含相同,相等之意。
equal相同的,相等的,特指“数量,价值等”相同。如:Their ages are equal.equivalent相等的,特指“价值,效力,意义”等相同的。如:This sentence is equivalent to that.identical相同的,相等的,侧重于某一细节上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasions.identical相同的,相等的,侧重于某一细节上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasion.(她在两种场合穿同样的衣服。)
same相同的,表示在质量、类型、外表
或意义上相同,而实际上有差异。如:He is of about the same age as you.73、for a moment, for the
moment
for a moment片刻,一会儿,for the moment暂时,一时Thinking for a moment, he agreed.74、imaginable, imaginary,imaginative
都是与想象有关的形容词。
imaginable可以想象得到的。如:This is the only solution imaginable.(这是惟一想得出的解决办法。)
imaginary假想的,虚构的。如:an imaginary character in a story(故事里的虚构人物)
imaginative富于想象力力的。如:an imaginative artist(想像力丰定的艺术家)
75、in the way; in a way; in no
way; on the way
in the way意为“挡道;妨碍(某人)”。如:
Tell the boy not to stand in the way.叫那个男孩别挡道碍事。
in a way意为“用某种方法(做某事)”。名词way前面常有形容词或this/that修饰。如:
He worked out the problem in a simple way.他用简单的方法算出了这道题。In this way over several days the artist and his mouse became good friends.
就这样一连过了好几天,艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友。
注意:如果in a way单独使用,way前不加任何修饰语,意为“在某种程度上;在某些方面(某一点上)”。如:The article is well written in a way.从某种程度上来说,这篇文章写得不错。in no way意为“决不;一点也不”,常用来加强语气。如:
They are in no way similar to each other.他们毫无相似之处。
on the way意为“在途中”,其后常接to,表示“在去某地或做某事的路上”。如:
He lost his ticket on the way to the cinema.他在去电影院的路上把票弄丢了。
76、indifferent, different
indifferent冷漠的,不关心的,同to搭配。如:He was indifferent to his personal appearance.(他从前不注意自己的外表。)
different跟……不一样,同from搭配。如:This book is different from that one.(这本书跟那本不一样。)
77、industrial, industrious
industrial工业的,产业的。如:Italy is becoming an industrial nation.(意大利逐步成为工业国。)
industrious勤劳的,勤奋的。如:He is an industrious student.(他是个用功的学生。)
78、influence, effect
都有“影响”之意。
influence可作动词、名词,指对某人的思想行为、性格等产生影响。如:She was influenced by her middle school teachers.(她受中学时的老师影响。)
effect用作动词意为“造成”,“产生”,用作名词强调由于影响而产生特殊效果。如:The effects of the medicine are very good.(药效很好。)
79、last, latest, final, ultimate last最后的,与first相对,还可指“上一次的”。如:My seat is in the last row.latest最近的,指时间上。如:the latest news(最新消息)
final最后的,指在一系列的事物中是最后的,而且是结论性的,决定性的。如:The judgment has become final.(这已是最后的判断。)
ultimate最终的,最后的,用于正式场合,含有最高的和最有权威的结果。如:He never considered the ultimate result of his action.(他从未考虑其行为的后果。)
80、late;lately;later;latest late可作形容词或副词,意为“迟(的);晚(的)”。如:He often comes late for school.他上学常迟到。They were late for the film.他们看电影迟到了。
lately是副词,意为“最近;近来”相当于recently,常与现在完成时连用。如:I haven’t heard from him lately.我最近没收到他的来信。
later为late的比较级,意为“较迟的(地)”。另外,还可用作副词,意为“后来”。如:He goes home later than anybody.他回家比谁都晚。See you later.回头见。
latest为late的最高级,意为“最迟的(地)”;也相当于newest,意为“最新的”。如:I go to bed latest in the family.我是家里睡觉最迟的。Here is the latest news from a broad.下面是来自国外的最新消息。
81、lie, lay lie(vi.躺,说谎)和lay(放置)两者无论在意义上还是在词性上都有很大的差别。值得注意的是他们常常由于过去式、过去分词和现在分词形式的异同而引起误用。试比较:
原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie(躺)lay lain lying
lie(说
谎)lied lied lying lay(放
置)laid laid laying
例如:
Mr.Brown lay down to take a rest.He laid his hand on my shoulder.82、literal, literary, literate
literal文字上的,字面的。如:a literal interpretation of a passage(对一段文章的字面解释)
literary文学的。如:literary works(文学作品)
literary有文化的(反义词是illiterate),如:people applying for the job should be computer literate.(申请这份工作的人应会使用电脑。)
83、much, very
都可表示“很”。
much用来修饰动词意义很强的过去分词;very一般修饰形容词或已失去动作意义的过去分词。
一些只作表语的形容词,一般多用much修饰。
very much是much的加强语,因此,能用much的地方,都能用very much。
修饰形容词原级用very,修饰比较级用much。
much可修饰名词,very不能。
84、occur/happen/take
place/break out
均表示“发生”。
以上各词均是不及物动词,因此不可接宾语。但可以用作:sth.occur to sb.或者sth.happen to sb。但两者的意思有所不同,sth occur to sb.或者it occurs to sb that…的意思是“某人想到了…例如:
The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to him.Didn’t it occur to you that your husband might be late?
happen to的意思是“某人遇到/被卷入…”例如:
A traffic accident happened to Tom
last night.A strange thing happened to me on my way home yesterday.注意:英语中表示出现的词,如:appear, emerge, turn up, show up等也都是不及物动词,而在汉语中,表示上述两种意思的词有时候可以跟宾语,而英语中是不可以的。例如:
我的家乡发生了很大变化。
译文:Many changes have taken place in my hometown.on the way, in the way
on the way在前往…的路上,in the way挡路The chair is in the way.85、one another;each other
两者均表示“互相;彼此”,为代词,仅作动词或介词的宾语,不作其它成分。两者虽可换用,但each other多用于两者之间的关系,one another多用于三者或三者以上之间的情况。例如:We both see each other at the office every day.我们俩每天在办公室碰面。The six blind men couldn’t agree with one another.这六个瞎子各执己见。They hate each other/one another.他们互相憎恨。
86、out of question, out of the
question
out of question毫无疑问的,out of the question不可能的
87、persist, insist
persist坚持,后面常接介词in。如:He persisted in carrying on his work in spite of great fatigue.(他虽然疲倦极了,可仍坚持工作。)
insist坚持,后面接介词on,也可直接连用that引导的名词从句。如:He insisted on my going there with him.(He insisted that I should go there with him.)
88、persuade sb.to do sth.;
advise sb.to do sth.; try to persuade sb.to do sth.
persuade sb.to do sth.意为“说服某人干某事”,其结果是成功的(即成功地说服某人干某事)。如: Tom persuaded his father to give up smoking at last.汤姆终于说服他父亲戒烟了。
advise sb.to do sth.意为“劝说某人干某事”,其结果可能是劳而无功(即“说”而未“服”)。如:
She advised her parents to give up smoking, but they wouldn’t listen.她劝她的父母戒烟,但他们不愿听。
try to persuade sb.to do sth.意为“尽力说服某人干某事”,相当于advise sb.to do sth。如:
I tried to persuade him to continue his study, but I failed.我尽力劝他继续学习,但没有成功。
89、prefer…to…;prefer to… rather than…
两个动词短语均可作“喜欢……而不喜欢……”或“宁愿……而不愿……”解,其后均可接名词。例如:I prefer volleyball to basketball(=I prefer to volleyball rather than basketball).我喜欢排球而不喜欢篮球。
主要区别在于:prefer…to…之后接动词时,均用-ing形式。例如:He prefers walking to cycling.他宁愿步行而不愿骑自行车。
而prefer to…rather than…之后接动词时,均要用动词原形。例如:Liu Hulan preferred to die rather than surrender before the enemy.刘胡兰在敌人面前宁死不屈。Xiao Wu prefers to work rather than sit idle.小吴喜欢工作而不喜欢闲坐。
90、preserve, conserve, reserve preserve坚持,后面常接介词in。如:The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food for the whole voyage.(船上设有特殊冷藏设备,在整个航程中保存食物。)
conserve保存,储藏,强调采取措施精心保护某物,防止不必要的浪费,损失或变化。如:He is conserving his energy for the last twenty-meter dash.(他正在为最后20米冲刺保存实力。)
reserve留存(在资金,人力,原料等),保留(权力等)。如:Reserve enough money for your home fare.(留足你回家的路费。)
91、probable, possible, likely
probable很可能的,大概的,语气较possible强。如:It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think.(花费很可能比我们料想的要多。)
possible强调客观上可能性,但常带有“实际可能性很小”的暗示。如:It’s possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms.(他有可能接受这些条件,但希望很小。)
likely暗示从表面迹象来判断“有可能的”。如:It is likely that he will come.(他多半会来。)
92、realize/recognize/identify
realize的意思是“认识到,实现”。recognize的意思是“认出”。identify的意思是“辨认”。例如:
Does he realize his error yet?
We must work hard to realize the plan.He recognized his long lost brother at a glance.I recognized his voice through telephone though we have not seen for many years.Can you identify your own baggage among the hundreds of others?
93、respectable, respected,respectful, respective 都是形容词。
respectable可尊敬的,值得尊重的。如:His parents were poor but respectable.(他父母虽穷却令人尊敬。)
respected表示受人尊敬的,可用于对年长的人,权威性的意见等。
respectful指“充满敬意的”,是主动性的尊重他人。如:The students were very respectful towards the great man.(这些学生对这位伟人十分敬仰。)
respective表“各自分别的”,修饰名词时,名词一般用复数。如:They went back to their respective houses.(他们回了各自的家。)
94、say, speak, talk, tell
say着重所说的话,可用作及物动词,带宾语从句。
Speak着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般作不及物动词,用作及物动词,宾语只能是某种语言等少数几个名词,不能接that从句。
Talk表示通过谈话方式交换意见、思想、消息等,一般只作不及物动词。
Tell表示告诉,有时兼含“嘱咐”,“命令”等。Tell the truth说真话,tell a lie说谎,tell a story讲故事等为固定搭配。Tell是及物动词,但其后不跟that从句。
95、senseless, sensible, sensitive
senseless愚蠢的(常作定语);无知觉的(常作表语)。
Sensible懂事的,明智的。如:He is a sensible child.(他是个懂事的孩子。)
Sensitive有感觉的,敏感的。如:Eyes are very sensitive to light.(眼睛对光敏感。)
96、so,such
(1)so修饰形容词或副词;such修饰名词,例如,My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
He is such a boy.他是一个这样的孩子。
(2)so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数的可数名词,其结构是“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”.such可以修饰可数名词单复数和不可数名词,名词前可以有形容词作定语,其结构是“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”,“such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”,例如,He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一个如此聪明的孩子。It is such cold weather.这么冷的天气。(正)
It is so cold weather.(误)
They are such good students.他们是那么好的学生。(正)
They are so good students.(误)(3)如果可数名词复数前有many,few或不可数名词前有much,little修饰,用so不用such.例如,so many(如此多的);so few(如此少的)可以加可数名词复数
so much(如此多的);so little(如此少的)可以加不可数名词
97、sometime,sometimes,some time, some times sometime:某一时间,某一时刻,可指将来时,也可指过去时
sometimes:有时,不时的some time:一段时间
some times:几次,几倍
例如,We’ll have a test sometime next month.下个月的某一时间,我们要进行一次测试。
Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有时我们很忙,有时不忙。
He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段时间。
I have been to Beijing some times.我去过北京好几次。
98、sometimes, some time, sometime, some times 词形相近,但意义和用法不同。
sometimes有时。如:I sometimes play tennis.(我有时打网球。)
some times有几次。如:I have been to the Great Wall for some times.(我去长城有好几次了。)
sometime某个时候,指过去或将来的不确定时间。如:I will buy a car sometime in the future.(将来我会买车的。)
some time一段时间。如:I have been a teacher for some time.(我当老师已有些年头了。)
99、submit, surrender, yield 都有“让步,屈服”之意。
submit表示“甘心忍受”,作及物动词时,宾语为反身代词,但一般为不及物动词,后接介词to。
surrender“投降”,强调“被迫投降,压力很大”,是不及物动词,后接介词to;用作及物动词时,表因战败或被迫“交出”,“放弃”某些事物。
yield“投降”,与surrender大致同义,但是指“温和的让步”。
100、free, vacant, empty free空的,指清除了或缺少了某物,与of或from连用。如:She is free from anxiety.(她无忧无虑。)She is free of him.(她摆脱了他。)
empty空的,指里面什么东西都没有。如:The case is empty.(这是个空箱子。)
vacant空闲的,指地方没有被占用。如:One day, man can make full use of vacant space.(将来,人们会充分利用浩瀚的天空。)
empty,vacant和相同的名词连用时,含义不同。如an empty house指房子里既无家具也无人,空荡荡的。而a vacant house指房子没有被人占用,里面可有家具,也可无家具。[外语@教育网……www.xiexiebang.com]
101、pay, salary, wage
pay薪金,泛指对付出劳动给予的报酬,不分发放对象,只用单数,尤指军队的军饷。如:They are asking for equal pay for equal work.他们要求同工同酬。
Salary工资,指按月或年支付给脑力劳动者的工资。如:The family lives on his salary.(全家人靠他的工资生活。)
Wage工资,指定期支付给体力劳动者或临时工的工资,常用复数。如:He works at wages of ten dollars a week.(他每周工资10美元。)
102、sit/seat/set
sit是不及物动词,意思是“坐”,又是不规则动词,变化形式为:sit, sat, sat.seat是及物动词,意思是“使…坐”。例如:
The baby sits at the table.The baby is seated at the table.103、warn sb.of, warn sb.against
warn sb.of提醒某人注意某事,warn sb.against提醒某人不要做某事warm him against swimming in that part of the river
104、weather, climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.105、work, job
二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数a good job
106、wear, put on, dress
wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时,dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作It's cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.107、worth, worthless,worthwhile, worthy
worth值……钱,值得……的。如:This house is worth a lot of money.(这房值很多钱。)The radio program is worth listening to.(这广播节目值得听。)
worthless无价值的,无用的(可作定语和表语,无比较级)。如:These stamps are worthless.(这些邮票无价值。)Don’t read worthless books.(不要读些没用的书。)
worthwhile值得的(可作定语和表语)。如:That is a worthwhile program.(那是一个值得听的节目。)So few movies are worthwhile nowadays.(当今有价值的电影很少。)
worthy(1)有价值的,可尊敬的(常作定语)。如:The teacher was a worthy man.(那位老师是可尊敬的人。)(2)值得的(常作表语)。如:The man is worthy of praise.(这人值得称赞。)它的动词句式是be worthy to be done(be worth doing).108、zone, district, area, region,belt
zone地带,地区,区域,指某一特定的地方或区域。如:Most of China is in the temperate zone.(中国的大部分地区在温带。)
district区,行政区,指一国家或城市按行政区的划分。如:the economic development district(经济开放区)
area面积,范围,一般用语,没有明确的外围界限,也可指占地面积。如:The factory covers an area of 500 mu.(这工厂占地50亩。)
region地区,指较大范围内的区域,一般按自然条件和自身特点划分。如:an autonomous region(自治区)
belt地带,通常指狭长的地带。如:The northern part of the country is usually regarded as the wheat belt.(这国家的北部通常被看作小麦种植地带。)