第一篇：英语作文短对话
短对话
1． 时间数字题常见的提问形式有：
How much/ many...?
How far/ long...?
What time...?
When...?
When will...?
How long will the man do?
2． 人物身份题常见的提问形式有：
Who is the man/ woman?
What is the man’s/ woman’s job/ profession/ occupation?
What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
Who is the man/ woman most probably speaking to?
考题中常涉及的职业或人物身份关系及相关信息词有：
老师和学生（teacher and student）：grade, mark, score, term, course, assignment, pass, fail, scholarship, tuition, campus, dormitory, lab, experiment, etc.医生和病人（doctor and patient）：fever, cough, cold, headache, injection, prescription, diagnose, temperature, medicine, blood pressure, heart disease, flu, surgery, etc.侍者和顾客（waiter/ waitress and customer）：menu, order, reserve, steak, ham, salad, soup, coffee, juice, hamburger, sandwiches, buffet, bar, brandy, whisky, dessert, tip, etc.司机和乘客（driver and passenger）：taxi, fare, get off, change, tip, destination, etc.老板和秘书（boss and secretary）：typing, operating, copy, files, document, report, telephone, appointment, timetable, arrangement, etc.3． 地点方向题常见的提问形式有：
Where does the conversation probably take place?
Where is the woman going?
Where are the two speakers?
常考的地点及相关词有：
学校（school）：required course, elective course, quiz, professor, thesis, make-up, credits, master, dormitory, department, lecture, essay, bookshelf, application form, entrance
旅馆（hotel）：receptionbook, reservation, tip, check in, single room, double room
饭店（restaurant）、酒吧（bar）：menu, bill, drink, dessert, soup, steak, beer, appetizer, barbecue, cheese, cream, roast, beer, drink, wine, cafeteria, dining, saloon, pub, snack, bar, recipe
商店（department store）：supermarket, dress, color, style, fashion, price, bargain, reasonable 医疗（medical treatment）：doctor, nurse, patient, surgery, operation, medicine, dose, pill, temperature, headache, sore throat, bad cold, fever, cough, stomachache, heart disease, cancer 火车（railway）、汽车（motor）、飞机（airplane）等交通设施：platform, traffic jam, airport, arrival time, departure, ticket agent, take off, board, land, flight, airlines, freight, passport, visa
4． 转折题常用but, though, however
5． 请求或建议的常用句式有：
Will/ Would/ Can/ Could you...? Would you mind...? I wonder if...? Shall we...? Why not...? You’d better...?
What/ How about...?
请求与建议常见的提问方式有： What did the man/ woman suggest? What did the man/ woman want?
What did the man ask the woman to do? What did the man offer the woman? What is the man’s/ woman’s advice?
6． 观点态度题常见的提问方式有： How does the man/ woman feel about...? What does the man/ woman think of...? What does the man/ woman say about...? What does the man/ woman mean?
7． 行为方式题常见的提问方式有： What is the man/ woman going to do?
What will the man/ woman most probably do? What did the man/ woman do...? What is the man/ woman doing? How did the man/ woman get there? How did the man/ woman know it?
How did the man/ woman respond to...?
8． 推理题常见的提问方式有： What does the man/ woman imply?
What can be inferred from the conversation?
What do we learn about the man/ woman/ conversation?
重点词汇：
apartment n.公寓住宅，单元住宅ask for an leave for 请假 attend v.参加，出席bookstore n.书店 case n.案件cheat v.作弊 citizen n.公民client n.委托人 colleague n.同事consultant n.顾问 dramatic adj.巨大的，戏剧性的draw from 从中得出 easy-going adj.随和的，易相处entrance n.入口 fare n.车费figure out 弄明白，搞清楚 fill in a form 填单子final exam 期末考试
furniture n.家具
get off 下车in a hurry匆忙indifferent adj.漠不关心in that case 那样的话inflammation n.炎症light-blue adj.浅蓝色manufacture v.生产，制作open an account 开账户on sale 减价出售park v.停靠，停泊plumber n.管道工prescription n.处方regular-priced adj.正常价格run out 用完settlement n.解决方式，裁决Students’ Union 学生会Summer vacation 暑假tablet n.片剂thesis n.论文toll n.费用weather forecast 天气预报vacatoiner n.度假者hurry up 快点，加速 imply v.暗示
in charge 负责，掌管 intern n.实习生
in the long run 长远角度 letter of appication 申请信 next to 旁边，紧靠
mind one’s business 管闲事 on discount 折扣价格 opposite adj.相反的 part-time job 兼职 post a letter 寄信 quit smoking 戒烟 rent v.出租
schoolmate n.校友 spare time 业余时间 supermarket n.超市 sympathize v.同情 take place 发生
thorough check-up 全面检查 working experience 工作经验withdraw v.提取
第二篇：2009年12月英语四级短对话解析
2009年12月英语四级短对话解析
今年的四级短对话总体上说难度与往年持平，只要听到了听力关键词汇基本就能选出答案。在我们昂立的短对话教学当中提出过一个原则叫做“第二人说话”原则，这次的考试也充分验证了这一原则，除了第一题以外只要听到第二人说话就能选出答案。
此外，这次短对话中的关键词汇也是我们在课堂上全部提及的。比如说12题中的recommend推荐，15题中的disappointed失望的, promotion升职，responsibility责任，16题中的work out锻炼身体，gym健身房，out of shape身材走形，terrific极好的，pay off取得成功、得到好结果，18题中的lay off失业，resign辞职，只要学生在考试之前复习过这些核心词汇，那选对答案基本没有问题的。以16题为例，女的说从一月份开始她就在健身房锻炼了，她的身材有一点走形。但是男的说她现在看起来很棒，看来她的努力是有回报的，与答案中C“她的锻炼产生了好的结果”相对应。而且这是一道推测内涵题，对于听到的内容要做同义替换，不能听到什么选什么，可以排除A B和D.在四级短对话中还有一个我们上课常提到的原则叫做“but”原则，这次的11、14和15题都使用了这个原则，只要听到了but后面的话就能选出答案。以14题为例，原文中说到女的想了解关于巴尔的摩的情况，而据她所知这个男的以前是住在那儿的，所以她就问这个男的，但是这个男的回答他当时住在巴尔的摩的时候非常小，暗含的意思是他也不太记得清楚，或者是差不多都忘了，与答案中B他可能不能提供什么有用的信息向对应。这也再次提醒了考生在听短对话的时候要充分抓住听力技巧，一旦出现了转折就要集中精力，因为答案就蕴含其中。
这次的短对话也考到了我们上课所总结的场景词汇，特别是工作场景、购物场景和学习场景，其中工作场景是15和18题，学习场景是17题，购物场景是12题。总结场景词汇是为了让学生更好地抓住对话核心，及时定位对话内容，提高选择正确率，所以对明年六月的四级考生来说考试之前反复背诵听力场景词汇仍然是非常重要的。
2009年12月大学英语四级考试听力长对话解析
孙焕奂
本次大学英语四级考试听力部分的长对话难度适中，与09年6月份考题相比而言，难度略有下降。话题内容都是考生所熟悉的选课，即校园场景，以及四级“屡考不止”的“压力疼痛”问题。
第一篇长对话解析：
对话发生在一个咨询计算机编程(computer programming)课程报名信息的学生和课程咨询老师之间。这位学生白天工作，只能上夜课(evening course)，而且周四晚上没空。咨询老师建议在上computer programming course之前先上数据处理(data processing course)作为一个预备课程，原文为data processing is a course you have to take before you can take computer programming，在昂立四六级教材的模拟题里，这句话为“data processing a pre-requisite course you have to take…”。可见真题已经降低了难度，把考生可能听不懂的pre-requisite(先决条件，前提)删除了。课程时间为每周一晚七点钟，每次将近三个小时，晚7：00到9：45，课程时长为十二个星期，起止时间为九月的第一个星期到圣诞节前的12月21日。以上信息相信昂立的学生都会很熟悉，最后学生问道去登记注册课程时需要携带什么东西，即“Is there anything that I should bring with me?”，对方告知携带check book(支票簿)即可。这篇长对话的场景是广大考生亲身经历的，难度应该不大。
第二篇长对话解析：
这篇对话的思路为典型的“一人提问，一人作答”的形式，对话进度比较容易把握。对话内容讨论工作中的压力问题，从宏观角度讲，仍然属于职场类。关于职场类长对话，近年真题中考察过求职面试，工作调动，过渡性退休和已退休人员的生活等话题。关于四六级中的“压力疼痛”问题，昂立的课堂和讲座上我们已经多次强调过四六级的出题思路是-------认为“压力和疼痛总是好的”，这个所谓的“潜规则”正是25题“What does the man say about the element of stress in his job?”的答案，即(D)It can be a good thing.相信听过昂立课的学生应该印象颇深。
整篇对话的主要观点为：被采访人(the interviewee)是一位financial trader, 原文的措辞为 “trading in financial markets”，他的工作以压力大闻名(have reputation for being stressful)。压力主要来源于无法人为控制各种局面(out of control of a situation)以及被各种局面控制(a situation controlling you)的感觉。他主要通过做一些创造性的事情，如去健身房，自己做饭来放松自我以减压。虽然处于高压之下，他曾经考虑过辞职，但是他仍然认为压力对人有益，原文措辞为：“However, I do think that an element of stress is a good thing”，对应刚才提到的25题，可以使用我们的“视听基本一致”做题技巧来解答。
2009年12月英语四级篇章解析
本次四级听力篇章从内容难度上来讲，比今年6月的更高。第一篇文章属于天文类，讲的是除地球以外的星球上形成生命的可能性。第二篇的主要内容是，通过医患之间的信息交流发现纸质的打印出的信息相比口语传递的信息更加可靠。第三篇讲的则是商务工作中对员工的激励机制。下面我们分别来解析一下这三篇文章。
Passage 1
第一篇文章的主要内容是是，曾经科学家们认为其他星球上存在生命的可能性不大，但是现在科学家在渐渐地定位那些有可能会形成生命的地方。文章举了一个例子，就是木星的一个卫星，叫Europa。因为科学家通过probes，探测镜，发现这个星球的表层之下有一个海洋，甚至还有证据表明这个星球的表层下存在火山喷发释放的热量，而水和热量是生命形成的重要因素。除此之外，科学家还发现这个星球还存在氧气，氮等化学物质，也是生命形成的要素。文章的最后提到了一个大家普遍误解的原理，即光并非是形成生命的要素，因为在没有光的几英里深的岩洞内，也发现了生命的原体—细菌。第一题问的是科学家曾经(once)相信什么事实?那么根据我们的理解，应该是他们认为外太空不可能存在生命。这个答案出现在文章的第二句，符合我们对passage技巧一：答案在开头30秒。且附近出现了连接词until recently，意思为曾经如何，过去一直认为如何。因此答案就是B，原文是Until recently, scientists believed that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream.意为过去科学家一直认为其他星球上存在生命只是个美好的愿望。第二题诗细节题，问科学家在europa这个星球上找到什么，那么应该是Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface.意为航空观测镜发现了星球表面下有个大的海洋。选C，基本跟原文一模一样。最后一个问题答案出现在篇章结束三十秒左右，且在But这个词的附近，原文为Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential.But now, places have been found on earth that are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the surface.And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there.意为科学家一直以为光是很重要的，但是现在他们发现完全黑暗的地方—比如几英里深的洞里，也有生命，即细菌，最后一题应选A。
Passage 2
第二篇比第一篇稍微简单一些。讲述医生发现用纸记录下的东西比口语交流的信息更加准确和稳定。问题源自一位医生在对一个孩子的家庭口述交待了出院后的注意事项之后，发现这些亲属们竟然记不清到底医生讲了些什么，于是医生决定在以后交待注意事项的时候要把这些内容全印成纸质的东西，因为纸质的东西比口语更可靠。第一题问孩子的亲属在为什么而争论，原文为the family asked her to settle an argument they’d been having over exactly what advice she had given，意为亲属们就医生到底讲过什么建议争论不休，问医生如何解决。应该选B，B中的instructions就是advice。第二题问这个Myer医生怎么样确定病人完全明白了自己的建议，原文为She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do，也就是正确答案D，tell her 对应到答案中的repeat，即再讲一遍。最后一问又是典型的篇章问题考法。答案出现在结尾处，问题是作者对于人类口语交流(human speech)总结了什么。原文为human speech lacks the stability and permanence of the printed word，也基本跟正确选项A一模一样。
Passage 3
第三篇主要讲公司对员工的激励机制并非是人们通常以为的工资或者工作环境。而是工作中的挑战。第一题问的恰好就是主题，到底什么可以真正激励员工好好工作呢。原文Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility.连接词in contrast附近出现了答案，意为起到激励作用的东西包括工作的挑战性和趣味性，以及工作中需承担的责任即最终获得的认可。所以第一题选B，即挑战性的工作。第二题问到作者对电脑信息时代总结了什么。原文为However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.我们发现，连接词however后出现了答案。意为，尽管电脑和机器人技术不断发展，还是存在那些无聊的，重复的，机械性的工作需要人力完成，对应到正确答案A中的tedious即无聊，以及manually即手工做的。第三题问了一个细节题，超市如何激励员工努力工作?在文中激励超市员工工作是个example，但是问题本身针对的是总结性的答案。即出现在for example前的总结句：Give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a part of a team.But后强调的team就是正确答案D。最后一题问的是为什么金钱诱惑刺激不了工作热情，答案出现在结尾30秒处，即Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets which automatically only concern a few people.意为团队精神更能激起工作热情，因为金钱利益最终只会与团队中的个别人相关。答案为B。
2009年12月英语四级听力复合式听写解析——厉瑾
总体来看，2009年12月四级复合式听写的难度略大于6月的考试。下面我将从话题、词汇、句子这三方面为大家逐一解析。
此次复合式听写的话题比较专业，介绍了三类写作题材。原文中就充斥了许多长难词，致使许多学生预读时就一头雾水。尤其是全文的首句：in the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways.考生在预读过程中往往会纠结在humanities这个词上。在这里这个词解释为“人文学科”更合适。如果这句话看懂了，那么接下来理解全文就很容易。如果将这个词直白地解释为“人性”，那么对文章的整体把握就会有很大出入。
这次复合式听写考到的八个单词分别是：classified, background, album, appreciation, context, implies, image, instruction。其中大多都是名词，且基本都是常用词汇，拼写也都符合一般的发音规律。尤其是appreciation，instruction这两个单词的拼写都是我们在昂立的课堂上反复强调过的。
最后的三个句子分别是：
1.Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often mixed with critical writing.;
2.for example, explaining the technique used to shoot a film.;
3.Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing.正如我们在昂立课堂上强调的，在复合式听写的句子中经常会有原文原词出现。其中descriptive writing，humanities，literature，authors，informational writing都在原文中可以直接找到。另外，如果考生在考场上能抓住三个句子的主谓宾，例如第一句写成Descriptive writing is mixed with critical writing那么既保留了句子的大意，而且也能规避如particularly这样的长难词。
第三篇：英语五分钟四人短对话剧本[最终版]
1：who is your favorite detective you know from TV or books?
2: I think it must be Sherlock Holmes.4:wow,I like him,too.3:how well do you know about him?
2: Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson lived in a Victorian lodging house at 221b Baker Street between 1881-1904, accordingto the stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.3:not bad.But weaker than me.herlockHolmes,the world's first consulting detective, was born
January 6, 1854 the descendant of country squires.He spent two years
at university before taking rooms in Montague street around the corner
from the British Museum.While at university he spent the long vacation with a friend, Victor Trevor, at Trevor's family home where Trevor Sr.,suggested Holmes make a profession out of his ability to observe.4:in addition, Sherlock Holmes stories have been translated into more than fifty languages, and made into plays, films, radio and television series, a musical comedy and so on.By 1920 Doyle was one of the most highly paid writers in the world.:well, it is actully very popular and famous.nowadays, Most people like reading detective stories better than love stories.So how about you three?
2: in fact I love love stories more.4: are you a young girl?
2: of cause not.But I think I’m too old to read detective stories now.3:So you read love stories?
2: I think I can learn a sea of love skills at least.1: but you can also learn a lot of kill skills from detective stories!
2: I think it is not very useful for me……
第四篇：英语五分钟四人短对话剧本
1：who is your favorite detective you know from TV or books?
2: I think it must be Sherlock Holmes.4:wow,I like him,too.3:how well do you know about him?
2: Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson lived in a Victorian lodging house at 221b Baker Street between 1881-1904, according to the stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.3:not bad.But weaker than me.herlockHolmes, the world's first consulting detective, was born January 6, 1854 the descendant of country squires.He spent two years at university before taking rooms in Montague street around the corner from the British Museum.While at university he spent the long vacation with a friend, Victor Trevor, at Trevor's family home where Trevor Sr., suggested Holmes make a profession out of his ability to observe.4:in addition, Sherlock Holmes stories have been translated into more than fifty languages, and made into plays, films, radio and television series, a musical comedy and so on.By 1920 Doyle was one of the most highly paid writers in the world.:well, it is actully very popular and famous.nowadays, Most people like reading detective stories better than love stories.So how about you three?
2: in fact I love love stories more.4: are you a young girl?
2: of cause not.But I think I’m too old to read detective stories now.3:So you read love stories?
2: I think I can learn a sea of love skills at least.1: but you can also learn a lot of kill skills from detective stories!
2: I think it is not very useful for me……
第五篇：四级听力短对话解题技巧
大学英语四级考试听力短对话解题技巧
大学英语四级考试中听力短对话的话题基本是衣、食、住、行等日常生活中常见的话题或与学校生活相关的话题。例如:2006年12月四级考试中的听力短对话出现了圣诞节礼物、喜爱的食物、买歌剧门票以及会说几种语言等话题。听力短对话虽然短小,但是不应忽视,如果掌握方法,这部分得高分还是很容易的。要答好这部分题目,首先要区分说话者的性别,其次是弄清说话者的观点,最后再排除干扰项,得出答案。下面我们首先来看看听力短对话的常考题型和提问方式,再根据它们的特点分析一下短对话的解题技巧。
一、短对话的题型大体上分为以下五类: 1.时间类:这类题目经常以when来提问。
例如:W: Your library books are due on December 13th.If you have not finished using them by then, you may renew them once.M: Thank you very much.I only need them for a few days.Q: When must the man return his books to the library?
2.地点及场所类:经常以where提问,比如问对话发生的地点。这类题在听力对话题中比较简单,考生只需掌握表示地点及方位的介词短语,抓住其中的关键场景特点,就能辨认出对话发生的场所。当你听到boarding一词的时候,应该马上联想到机场。
例如:M: I need to cash this check?
W: Will you step right over to the teller’s window, please?
Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place?
3.数字类:一般来说需要进行简单的换算,这类题目比较简单,是听力中的拿分题。
例如:W: Do you live in a college dormitory?
M: Yes, I do.It’s a six-man suite, but at the moment only four of us live there.Q: How many people share the suite now?
4.人物关系及身份类:此类对话提供一个情节,能反映所涉及人的关系或身份。人物关系及身份类题型几乎每次考试都会出现,我们可以通过抓关键的特征词来判断。四级听力中常见的人物关系及身份有teacher and student, librarian and student, shop assistant and customer, doctor and patient, waiter(waitress)and customer。
5.活动类:这一类谈话内容可涉及上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种情况。
例如:M: Professor Smith asked me to go to his office after class.So it’s impossible for me to make it to the bar at ten.W: Then it seems that we’ll have to meet an hour later at the library.Q: What will the man do first after class?
二、短对话的提问方式通常包括以下六种:
1.问“是什么、要什么”等。例如:
What is the man’s answer? What does the woman want for lunch?
What kind of books does the man want to borrow?
2.问“做什么”。例如:
What will the man do first after class? What does the woman tell the man to do first?
What will happen if John fails the exam?
What does the woman want the man to do?What would the woman most probably do?
3.问“什么含义”。例如:
What does the woman mean?
What does the man mean(imply)?
What does the woman’s answer suggest?
4.问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”。例如:
What do we learn from the conversation?
What do we learn about John from the conversation?
What do we learn about the taxi driver?
5.问“对某人或某事有什么看法”。例如:
What does the man think of Miss Brown?
What does the woman think of the plan?
6.问“对话可能是在什么场所发生的”。例如:
Where does this conversation most probably take place?
Where does this conversation most likely occur?
Where are the man and the woman?
总之,短对话的提问方式通常是特殊疑问句。除了以上这些提问方式,通常还有提问时间、提问人物关系及身份、提问数字等。无论是哪种提问方式,都是和听力的对话内容和题目类型相对应的,只要我们把握了对话的重要考试&大信息就可以快速正确地选出答案。
三、短对话的四个解题技巧:
1.可以利用录音正式开始之前的几分钟——播放考试说明的时间,快速浏览选项,对所谈论的话题和相关的信息有个大概的了解。比如看到下面的选项:
A)At the airport.B)In a restaurant.C)In a booking office.D)At the hotel reception.我们就可以推断这个题目很可能问的是对话发生的地点,属于地点类题型。所以我们在听的时候就要特别注意谈话的环境和对话中出现的关于场所的词语。在平时的学习中应掌握一些常用的句型。比如向他人提出建议或请求时,往往采用委婉的方式来表达。
表示建议的常用句型:If I were you, I’ll...Why don’t you...? How about...? Maybe you’d better...Perhaps we can...表示请求的常用句型:I wonder if you...Would / Could you tell me...?I’ll appreciate it if you...2.另外我们可以边听边做速记,当遇到一时难以判断的题时,可以等听力结束后再回过头来仔细推敲,避免在某一题上花太多时间。遇到内容较复杂的谈话时,记在不同选项旁的关键词可以帮助我们很快找到正确答案。比如在解答有关数字类的题目时,速记就显得尤为重要。
3.在把握细节的基础上,我们要全面掌握整体意思,排除貌合神考试&大离的选项。在所提供的四个选项中,有三个是干扰项,干扰项的设计通常是提供一个读音与对话中某一词组十分相似的选项或提供一个在对话中出现过的词,以达到干扰效果。例如:
M: Registration always takes so long.W: What bothers me is all the people who cut in line.Q: What bothers the woman?
A)Registration.B)When the line breaks.C)How long the line is.D)People who don’t wait their turn.其中,B)、C)两项都出现了“line”一词,这是在对话中出现过的,许多考生可能被误导选B),而实际上让女士厌烦的是“people who cut in line”,因此选项D)“People who don’t wait their turn”才是正确的。
4.最后需要指出的很重要的一点是:做听力题时,要注意谈话的环境,重点听主要信息和目的,不要试图听清每一个词。听力测试的设题目的是考查我们对于对话主要内容的全面把握,而不是像听写一样,去听清每一个词。
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