电子商务毕业论文摘要目录

第一篇：电子商务毕业论文摘要目录

摘要

当前，世界经济正在开始新一轮的增长，经济全球化趋势不断增强，以信息技术产业为先导的新经济方兴未艾，虽然对新经济的提法还没有统一的意见，如有电子经济、网络经济、信息经济、知识经济等说，但是各界已经一致认为近期的重点是建立在互联网基础上的电子商务新经济。电子商务对传统的商务活动带来了巨大的冲击，它突出的标志就是增加贸易机会，降低贸易成本，简化贸易流程，提高贸易效率。电子商务极大地改变了商务模式。带动了经济结构的变革。在发达国家，电子商务发展空前繁荣，通过互联网进行交易已成潮流。

近年来，随着Internet的蓬勃发展，电子商务在迅速崛起。电子商务对传统的商务活动带来了巨大的冲击，它突出的标志就是利用Internet增加贸易机会，降低贸易成本，简化贸易流程，减少交易时间，提高贸易效率。电子商务极大地改变了商务模式。带动了经济结构的变革。在发达国家，电子商务发展空前繁荣，通过互联网进行交易已成潮流。特别在美国和西欧的一些国家一直受到极大的重视。美国商务部认为，电子商务将是21世纪经济增长的唯一推动力。而在中国电子商务越来越多的人们开始注意那么中国的电子商务的未来将何去何从。

关键字：世界经济电子商务互联网知识经济

I

目录

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………1

第1章中国电子商务发展的历程以及与世界各国差距…………………………………1

1．1我国电子商务发展历程………………………………………………………………………1

1．2我国电子商务的发展与世界各国的差距……………………………………………………1

第2章我国未来发展电子商务的难度………………………………………………………3

2．1我国的电子商务发展主要难度是诚信问题…………………………………………………3

2．2信息不对称对电子商务的影响………………………………………………………………3

第3章如何解决在我国电子商务未来发展中的问题……………………………………4

3．1如何解决我国的电子商务发展主要难度是诚信问题………………………………………4

3．2.如何解决信息不对称对电子商务的影响……………………………………………………6

3.2.1 要建立强大的信息管理系统……………………………………………………………………6

3.2.2 加强信息交流…………………………………………………………………………………7

3.2.3 政府制约………………………………………………………………………………………7

第4章我国电子商务未来的发展目标………………………………………………………8

4．1 加强对电子商务发展的宏观规划和指导……………………………………………………8

4．2 加强安全技术的研究和电子商务标准的制订………………………………………………8

4．3 进一步加强网络基础设施建设………………………………………………………………9

第5章电子商务环境完善……………………………………………………………………10

5.1电子虚拟市场发展…………………………………………………………………………10

5.2电子商务应用与发展………………………………………………………………………11

5.3电子商务环境发展…………………………………………………………………………11 结束语……………………………………………………………………………………………13 致谢………………………………………………………………………………………………14 参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………15

II

第二篇：毕业论文目录和摘要

河北大学2012届本科生毕业论文(设计)

Positive and Negative Transfer of Chinese as A Mother Tongue in

English Vocabulary Learning

ABSTRACT

To learners whose mother tongue is Chinese, they are often affected by their mother tongue while learning English.This kind of influence includes the positive transfer and negative transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue.The transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue can be reflected in many aspects in the learning of English.This paper mainly focuses on the transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in the English vocabulary learning.In the first chapter, definitions and terms of positive transfer and negative transfer are illustrated.In the second chapter, it analyses the positive transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary learning.It mainly focuses on spelling, word formation and cultural aspects.In the third chapter, it mainly talks about the negative transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary learning with examples and explanations.In this chapter, this paper illustrates the spelling, lexical meanings, part of speech, tenses and cultural aspects to make this chapter clear and easily understood.At the end of this paper, it concludes that it is better for learners to make good use of the positive transfer of their mother tongue and avoid the negative transfer in the English vocabulary learning.Key words: positive transfernegative transferEnglish vocabularylearning

摘要

对于母语是汉语的英语初学者来说，母语对他们在英语的学习中有很大的影响。这种影响大体可以分为两种，一种是汉语作为母语对英语学习的正面影响，一种是负面影响，也即汉语对英语学习的正迁移和负迁移。母语对第二种语言学习过程中的迁移表现在很多方面。本文章主要探讨汉语作为母语迁移对英语词汇学习的正负迁移。本文第一章讨论了正负迁移的概念。第二章探讨了汉语作为母语对英语词汇学习的正迁移现象，从读音、构词法和文化几个方面进行了论述。第三章探讨了汉语作为母语对英语词汇学习的负迁移现象。主要从读音、词汇意义、词性、时态和文化等方面进行阐述。文章最后进行了总结，建议初学者在学习英语词汇的时候要尽量多利用母语汉语对英语的正迁移来学习，尽量避免其对英语词汇学习的负面影响。

关键字：正迁移 负迁移 英语词汇 学习

Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………………….1

Definitions …………………………………………………………………...1

1.1 Positive transfer……………………………………………......1

1.2 Negative transfer………………………………………………………….2 Ⅱ Positive transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary

learning …………………………..………………………………………..2

2.1 In spelling………………………………………...........2

2.2 In word formation ………………………………………………………..3

2.21 In terms of affix …………………………………………………………3

2.22 In terms of compounds………………………………………………….4

2.3 In cultural aspects………………………………………………………...4 Ⅲ Negative transfer of Chinese as a mother tongue in English vocabulary

learning ……………………………………………………………………5

3.1 In spelling………………………………………………………………...5

3.2 In lexical meanings……………………………………………………….5

3.21 In connotative meanings ………………………………………………..5

3.22 In collocative meanings…………………………………………………6

3.3 In parts of speech ………………………………………………………...6

3.4 In tenses ………………………………………………………………….7

3.5 In cultural aspects ………………………………………………………..7 Conclusion…………………………………………………...……………….8

Bibliography……………………………………………………………...…..9

Acknowledgements…….…………………………………………………...10

第三篇：毕业论文摘要、目录

瓷器首饰的设计研究

摘要：本文力图通过对目前世界首饰设计发展趋势的分析，希望研究出能够代表中国特色文化的瓷器首饰。

经济的发展，科技的进步，生活水平的提高，人们对首饰的要求也跟着提高，等等一系列原因导致珠宝首饰传统意义上的“ 保值 ”功能退居次要位置，代之而来的是审美、时尚、享受和健康。

尽管如此，全球化，统一化使得各国的生活方式和民族文化相互融合并逐渐趋于一致，最终导致了民族界限越来越小，民族特色首饰越来越少。面对这种情况，作为设计人员的我们唯一能做的就是宣传爱国意识，传播爱国情怀。而瓷器首饰本身就有很强烈的民族特征，在加上青花的效果和 “龙”图纹的衬托，使得瓷器首饰的民族特征更加强烈，更加有利于宣传爱国情怀的宣传和表达。

虽然目前整个首饰行业发展已经迈入稳定状态。但我相信瓷器首饰的出现将给首饰界带来另一个无限的发展空间。

瓷器首饰它是当下最流行的“绿色产品”。它危害低,环保、节能、健康。它是你我最佳的选择。

关键词：瓷器首饰；时尚；中国文化；爱国情怀

中图分类号：TB472

The Research on the Design of Porcelain Jewelry

Abstract: This paper tries to discuss eyewear design from the perspective of fun spirit by analyzing the present world development trend of eyewear design.We are familiar with eyewear as a product.Now，It is not only the use of correcting short-sightedness and astigmatism, but increasingly becoming a fashion carrier embodied the fun spirit as.For the consumers, the purchase of motivation is on fashion, on personality, on decoration.China's optical industry developed fast in recent years but the whole development of the industry has not been standardized, mature.China is the world's major production base of eyewear, the world's first production, but also can not be the forefront of the field.The lack of design capabilities, blindly follow the example is an important reason.China has a long history, which are rich in spiritual wealth is unique to us.In particular, the Chinese elements is more and more popular today, the using of the Chinese elements in eyewear design creativity is a practical sense.The interpretation of Chinese elements, of course, can not remain in superficial level.This paper wants to interpret the Chinese elements with fun spirit in eyewear design, make It has new content, in line with modern consumer and aesthetic needs.Keywords: Porcelain Jewelry ；Eyewear design ；Chinese elements

Classification: TB472

目次

摘要·······································································································································Ⅰ 目次·······································································································································Ⅲ 1绪论······································································································································1

1.1研究背景··························································································································1

1.2研究目的与意义··············································································································2 2瓷器概述······························································································································4

2.1瓷器的定义······················································································································4

2.2瓷器的发展及其现状······································································································5

2.3瓷器产品的分析··············································································································6 3首饰设计概述······················································································································8

3.1首饰的定义及其分类······································································································8

3.1.1首饰的定义··················································································································8

3.1.1首饰的分类··················································································································8

3.2首饰设计的基本方法······································································································9

3.2.1点线面在首饰中的体现······························································································9

3.2.2色彩在首饰设计中的运用························································································10

3.2.3现代首饰的主要特征和形式美的法则···································································· 11

3.3首饰设计元素的选择····································································································12

3.4首饰设计造型的演化····································································································13

3.5首饰设计图案的选择·································································································14

3.6套件首饰设计············································································································15

3.7现有首饰分析············································································································15 4瓷器首饰的设计················································································································16

4.1瓷器饰品的现状及其发展前景····················································································16

4.2瓷器首饰的特点············································································································18

4.2.1瓷器首饰具有强烈的民族性····················································································18

4.2.2瓷器首饰是新型的“绿色首饰” ············································································183

4.2.3瓷器首饰具有的材质优势························································································19

4.2.4瓷器首饰具有无可替代的色彩优势········································································19

4.2.5瓷器首饰具有形式多样性························································································20

4.2.6瓷器首饰具有独特装饰效果····················································································20

4.3瓷器首饰的加工工艺····································································································21 5瓷器首饰的设计理念及其运用························································································22

5.1碗造型及印章的寓意····································································································22

5.2青花图案与现代亮丽的黄颜色分析对比····································································23

5.3龙文化的寓意················································································································24 6设计实践部分····················································································································26

6.1产品构想························································································································26

6.1.1背景调查····················································································································26

6.1.2目标人群分析············································································································26

6.1.3材料选定····················································································································27

6.1.4产品定位····················································································································27

6.2设计初稿························································································································28

6.3产品分析························································································································28

6.4佩戴展示························································································································29

6.5设计效果图····················································································································30

6.6设计版面························································································································31 7结论····································································································································32 参考文献·······························································································································33 学位论文数据集···················································································································344

第四篇：毕业论文摘要及目录

郑州航空工业管理学院

毕 业 论 文（设 计）

届专业班级

题目：许平南高速运管中心宿舍楼工程施工招标文件姓名：张树军学号：指导教师：职称：

二ОО 八 年六 月二 日

内 容 提 要

本项目是为建设单位找到一个比较好的施工单位来完成本项目的土建工程。本项目许平南高速营运管理中心宿舍楼工程。位于叶县洪庄杨乡张集行政村北500米营运管理中心院内。本工程工期紧,要在11月份投入使用。施工现场狭小，现场少积水。施工要防噪音。此招标文件采用的是工程量招标方式，这种方式是国际上通用的招标方式，甲方提供了工程量的数值，投标单位就针对招标人提出的量进行报价。所以甲方承担了工程量的风险，所以在给定量时应尽量准确。本招标文件包括了工程概况、招标文件、投标文件的编制和递交、评标、合同授予以及合同格式、主要条款和各种附表，为投标单位提供了很详尽的参考资料。

关键词

清单招标;清单;招标文件;合同

Title: Xu Ping South high-speed operation management center dormitory construction tender documents

Name:Science: instructor: :Office holder:

Abstract

This project is found a quite good construction for the construction unit to come the cost project the civil engineering.This project permits the Ping Nan high speed transport business administrative center dormitory project.Is located north the Ye County Hong Yang township Zhang ji administrative village in 500 meter transport business administrative center courtyard.This project time limit for a project is tight, must in November operational.The job location is narrow and small, scene few poundings.The construction must guard against the noise.This tender document uses is the resilience tender way, this way was on the international general tender way, the party of the first part provides the resilience value, the bid unit has aimed at the quantity which the tender person proposed to carry on the quoted price.Therefore the party of the first part has undertaken the resilience risk, therefore in gives time the quota should be as far as possible accurate.This tender document has included the project survey, the tender document, the bid document establishment and the submit, the evaluation of tenders, the contract awards as well as the contract form, the main provision and each kind of attached list, has provided the very exhaustive reference for the bid unit.Key words

Detailed list bidding;Bill of quantity;Tender document;Contract

目录

第一章 投标人须知及前附表..............1

前附表.............2

一 总则............3

二 工程概况...............4

三 招标文件...............4

四 投标文件的编制.........5

五 投标文件的递交.........8

六 评标机构...............9

七 开标............9

八 评标、定标.............10

九 授予合同...............14

第二章 合同格式及合同主要条款........16

专 用 条 款...............17

一 合同条款及付款方式............17

二 质量............17

三 工期............17

四 材料设备的采购.........17

五 竣工验收..............18

六 竣工结算...............18

七 争议............18

八 其他............18

第三章技术要求与规范.........20

一施工及验收规范........21

二主要质量检验评定标准.........21

第四章投标文件格式及表格............22

一投标函................23

二投标函附表............24

三法定代表人资格证明...........25

四授权委托书............26

五项目经理简历表........27

六企业近3年来所承建工程情况一览表.....28

七投标担保书............29

八银行履约保函..........30

九房屋建筑工程质量保修书.......31

十工程量清单报价表.............33

附 工程量清单报价表.............34

投标总价表............35

工程项目总价表........36

单项工程费汇总表.............37

单位工程费汇总表.............38

分部分项工程量清单计价表.....39

措施项目清单计价表...........40

其他项目清单计价表...........41零星工作项目计价表...........42

分部分项工程量清单综合单价分析表...........43

措施项目费分析表.............44

主要材料、设备价格表.........45

第五章施工图纸（另附）..............46

第六章工程量清单.............47

致谢...........59

参考文献...........60 附录外文翻译

工程量计算书（另附）

第五篇：毕业论文摘要目录格式

南华大学计算机科学与技术学院毕业设计（论文）

目录

摘要...............ii Abstract..........iii

引言(可有可无).............1

第一章 绪论................2

1.1 课题的研究背景和意义...........2

1.1.1 智能仪表人机界面设计问题..........2

1.1.2 软件自动生成技术...........2

1.1.3 课题的研究意义.............4

1.2 智能仪表人机界面开发技术的现状........5

1.3 计算机辅助工程的应用和发展............6

第二章 智能仪表的计算机辅助工程概念......7

2.1 计算机辅助工程概念.............7

2.2 软件自动化技术..........9

2.3 基于计算机辅助工程的智能仪表总体框架........10

2.3.1 智能仪表的概念............10

2.3.2 系统工程方法..............12

2.3.3 适合计算机辅助工程的智能仪表总体框架...........13

2.4 智能仪表人机界面的计算机辅助工程技术的提出.........14

第三章 基于计算机辅助工程的智能仪表人机界面系统的设计........15

参考文献...........18

谢辞...............19

附录...............20

i

论文中文题目（黑体三号）

摘要：{宋体加粗，小四号}××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××{楷体小四号}

关键词：{宋体加粗，小四号}※※※；※※※；※※※{楷体小四号}

论文英文题目（黑体三号）

Abstract: { Times New Roman加粗，小四号}）eXe is a tool of network courseware creation for e-learning with very strong function, with its abundant instruction devices, we can easily develop some multimedia network coursewares suitable for all kinds of subjects, which have a very good generality in accordance with SCORM.（Times New Roman 小四号）

Key words: { Times New Roman加粗，小四号}×××;×××;×××（Times New Roman 小四号）