11月15日离子鉴别培优训练

第一篇：11月15日离子鉴别培优训练

五题全对,….大爷给你跪了

• 1.下列各组物质，只用组内溶液相互混合的方法就能鉴别的是（）•A、KOH、Na2SO4、CuSO4、MgCl2

•B、K2CO3、BaCl2、Na2CO3、HCl

•C、Na2SO4、BaCl2、KNO3、NaCl

• D、NaNO3、AgNO3、KNO3、NaCl

• 2.下列各组物质的溶液，不另加试剂就能一一鉴别的是

• A．NaOHHClCuSO4MgSO4

• B．KNO3H2SO4NaOHBaCl2

• C．MgSO4NaClFeCl3NaOH

• D．Na2CO3K2SO4BaCl2HCl

• 3.下列四组溶液，只提供无色酚酞试液不能鉴别的是()。• A.Na2CO3、Na2SO4、H2SO4、NaOH

• B.NaOH、Ca(OH)

2、HCl、Na2CO3

• C.HCl、H2SO4、Na2CO3、KNO3

• D.Na2SO4、Ba(OH)

2、H2SO4、HCl

• 4.下列各组物质的溶液，不另加任何试剂就能一一区别开的是(• A.NaOHCuCl2HCl

•B.Na2CO3HClCaCl2

• C.KNO3MgCl2KOH

• D.NaClKClAgNO3

• 5.下列四组溶液，不用其他试剂和试纸就能区别开来的一组是(• A、HCl、Na2CO3、BaCl2、Na2SO4

•B、H2SO4、Na2CO3、Na2SO4、H2O

• C、NaCl、HCl、NaOH、Na2SO4

• D、HCl、NaOH、NaCl、H2O))

第二篇：分子原子离子_培优试题

分子、原子、离子 培优试题

一、构成物质的粒子

1、在下列四个化学式中，是由原子直接构成物质的是()A.CO2 B.Hg C.H2O2 D.Fe3O4

2、能够保持氧气的化学性质的微观粒子是()A.氧气 B.氧原子 C.氧分子 D.氧离子

3、下列粒子(微粒)中不能直接构成物质的是()A.原子 B.分子 C.离子 D.电子 4、20世纪20年代，就有人预言可能存在由4个氧原子构成的氧分子(O4)，但一直没有得到证实。最近，意大利的科学家使用普通氧分子和带正电的氧离子制造出了这种新型氧分子，并用质谱仪探测到了它的存在。下列叙述中正确的是()A.O4是一种新型的化合物 B.一个O4分子中含有2个O2分子 C.O4和O2的性质完全相同 D.O4和O2混合后形成的是混合物

5、榴莲被誉为“果中之王”。切开榴莲时可闻到特殊香味，这说明()A．分子质量很小 B．分子体积很小 C．分子在不断运动 D．分子间有间隔

6、航天员专用的小分子团水具有饮用量少、在人体内储留时间长、排放量少等特点。航天员一次饮用125mL小分子团水，可维持人体6h正常需水量。下列关于小分子团水的说法中正确的是()A.水分子的化学性质被改变了 B.小分子团水中水分子间没有间隙

C.小分子团水中水分子停止了运动 D.小分子团水的部分物理性质与普通水有所不同

7、根据下列微粒的结构示意图(圆圈内“+”号和数字表示带正电的质子的数目，弧线上数字代表各电子层带负电的电子的数目），其中属于阳离子的是（）

8、分子是构成物质的一种粒子。下列有关水分子的叙述正确的是（）A．受热时水分子的体积逐渐变大 B．降温时水分子的化学性质发生改变

C．反应时构成水分子的原子种类发生改变 D．电解水生成氢气和氧气说明水分子是可分的

9、在下列四种物质中，是由分子直接构成物质的是()A.红磷 B.Hg C.H2O2 D.Fe3O4 10、2011年3月，日本福岛发生了核泄漏事故，核电站泄漏出来的放射性物质中含有铯—137，过量摄入铯—137会使人的造血系统和神经系统受到损伤。已知铯—137的质子数为55，中子数为82，下列有关铯—137的说法正确的是（）A.铯—137原子的核外电子数为82 B.铯—137的相对原子质量为137 g C.铯—137原子的核电荷数为55 D.铯—137属于非金属元素

11、随着日本福岛核电站放射性碘泄漏，碘这种元素被人们所认知。下图是元素周期表中提供的碘元素的部分信息及碘原子的结构示意图。下列说法错误．．的是（）A.碘的相对原子质量为126.9，原子核内质子数为53 B.碘原子核外共有53个电子，最外层有7个电子

C．碘元素属于非金属元素，能形成碘分子I2 D.碘原子核内的中子数也为53

12、原子序数为94的钚（Pu）是一种核原料，该元素一种原子的质子数和中子数之和为239，下列关于该原子的说法不正确的是（）

A、中子数为145 B、核外电子数为94 C、质子数为94 D、核电荷数为239

13、从下列粒子的结构示意图得出的结论中，错误的是()

A．①④属于同种元素

B．②③④属于离子

C．⑤易失去电子成为阳离子

D．①⑤的结构不稳定

14、下列有关镁和氯两种元素的说法错误的是（）

A、镁离子的符号是Mg2+

B、氯元素的原子序数为17 C、镁是金属元素、氯是非金属元素 D、镁元素和氯元素形成的物质是MgCl

15、（2008·南昌）下列四种粒子的结构示意图中，属于稀有气体元素的原子是

（）

16、下图是钠与氯气(Cl2)反应生成氯化钠的模拟图。下列说法不正确的是()

A.钠原子最外层电子数为1，容易失去这1个电子 B.氯原子最外层电子数为7，容易得到1个电子

C.最外层电子的得与失在化学反应中起着重要作用 D.氯化钠由氯化钠分子直接构成的

17、下列描述错误的是()

A.化学变化中原子是最小的粒子 B.化学反应的本质是分子的破裂，原子的重新组合 C.分子是由原子构成的 D.分子可以再分，而原子不可再分

18、学好化学，必须要熟悉物质的组成与分类。下列各图示表示化合物的是（）

19、生活中的下列现象，用分子的相关知识解释不正确的是()A.湿衣服晾在太阳底下干得快，说明分子运动速率与温度有关 B.成熟的菠萝蜜会散发出浓浓的香味，说明分子在不断地运动 C.水沸腾时，掀起壶盖，说明分子大小随温度升高而增大 D.液化石油气须加压后贮存在钢瓶中，说明分子之间有间隙

20、下列粒子在化学反应中容易得到电子的是()A.B.C.D.21.绝大多数原子的原子核中含有

（）

A．质子、中子、电子

B．质子、电子

C．中子、电子

D．质子、中子

21、下图中的①、②是氟元素、钙元素在元素周期表中的信息，A.B.C.D是四种粒子的结构示意图。

请你回答：

(1)氟元素的相对原子质量为，钙元素的原子序数为 ；(2)X= ；(3)B原子的最外电子数是，容易（得到或失去）电子，然后变成(填序号)；(4)A粒子的化学性质与B.C.D中哪一种粒子的化学性质相似(填序号)；(5)达到相对稳定结构的是(填序号)；

22、图A是两种元素在元素周期表中的信息，图B是氟原子的原子结构示意图。

(1)图A方框的横线上填的是，图B方框的横线上的数学是。(2)钠元素属于(填“金属”或“非金属”)元素。

23、下表为元素周期表中某一周期元素的原子结构示意图。请回答下列问题：

(1)表中磷原子的核电荷数x=___________。

(2)表中具有相对稳定结构的元素是_____ _。

(3)在化学反应中，每个铝原子失去________个电子形成铝离子。

(4)属于金属元素的是，非金属元素是（写元素符号）。(5)上述元素在周期表中处于同一周期的原因是____ ___。

24、根据下列装置图，按要求回答有关问

题：

（1）写出图中带有标号仪器的名称：a。

（2）实验室用过氧化氢溶液和二氧化锰制取并收集氧气应选用的装置为（填序号），检验氧气已经收集满的方法是。

（3）实验室用加热氯酸钾和二氧化锰混合物的方法制取并收集较干燥的氧气时，应选用的装置是（填序号），反应的文字表达式为 ；（4）若实验室用加热高锰酸钾的方法制取并用排水法收集氧气时，发现收集到的氧气带有紫红色，这主要是因为。

（5）实验室用分解过氧化氢溶液的方法制取氧气。常温下，在试管中分别加入下列物质，把带火星的木条伸入试管，不能使木条复燃的是。A.5mL5%的过氧化氢溶液

B.5mL5%的过氧化氢溶液和少量二氧化锰 C.5mL5%的过氧化氢溶液和少量硫酸铜溶液 D.5mL5%的过氧化氢溶液和少量红砖粉末

第三篇：中考化学物质鉴别专题训练

九年级化学导学案20课时物质鉴别 做题原则：(1)加试剂鉴别：

方法：向待鉴别的物质中加入试剂后，能产生不同现象从而可以鉴别出各种物质。例：1.能一次区分出氯化钠、碳酸钠、氯化钡三种溶液的一种溶剂是（）

A.石蕊试液B.氢氧化钠溶液C.稀硫酸

D.盐酸

例2.用两种方法区分两瓶无色溶液分别是氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙？

例3.有两瓶无色溶液，它们是碳酸钠和氯化钠，如何区分？

(2)不加任何试剂鉴别：

方法：先找出里面有颜色的物质，然后把它加到剩余的物质中，根据明显的实验现象（沉淀、气体)鉴别出第二种物质，以此类推。

例4 不用任何其它试剂，能鉴别出 ①MgSO4②KCl③CuSO4④NaOH，顺序为

例5 下列各组物质的溶液，不用其它试剂就可以将它们区别开的是（）A.HClNaOHNa2CO3Na2SO4

B.HCl

Cu(NO3)

2NaOHNaNO3C.NaOHMgSO4Na2CO3H2SO4D.BaCl2

Na2SO4

Ca(NO3)2

CaCl2

课堂练习：

1、只用一种试剂就能将Na2CO3NH4Cl、NaCl 三种溶液区分开来的是（）

A、澄清石灰水B、CaCl2溶液C、NaOH溶液D、稀盐酸

2、只用一种试剂就可将Ba(OH)

2、稀硫酸、KOH三种溶液鉴别出来的是（）

A、K2CO3溶液B、NaCl溶液C、石蕊试液D、酚酞试液

3、欲鉴别石灰水、稀盐酸、蒸馏水三瓶失去标签的无色液体，提供的试剂有：①纯

碱溶液 ②紫色石蕊 ③酚酞试液。只用一种试剂可将它们鉴别出来的是（）A、只有①B、只有②C、①或②D、①或②或③

4、利用无色酚酞可以鉴别的一组溶液是（）A、BaCl2、H2SO4、HClB、NaOH、KOH、HClB、K2CO3、Na2CO3、HClD、NaCl、NaOH、HCl5、只用一种试剂就能将(NH4)2SO4、NH4Cl、NaCl、Na2SO4四种溶液区分开来，这种试剂是（）

A、AgNO3溶液B、BaCl2溶液C、NaOH溶液D、Ba(OH)2 溶液

6、用一种试剂区别硫酸铜、氯化镁、氯化铁、氯化钠四种物质，这种试剂是（）A、硝酸银B、氢氧化钠C、氯化钡D、盐酸

7、要鉴别NaCl、MgCl2、酚酞 三瓶无色溶液，可选用下列试剂中的（）A、AgNO3溶液B、HCl溶液C、石蕊试液D、NaOH溶液

8、下列各组稀溶液中,利用组内物质相互反应，就能加以鉴别的是（）A、Na2CO3、H2SO4、HCl、KNO3B、CuSO4、KOH、NaCl、NaOHC、Na2SO4、Na2CO3、BaCl2、HNO3D、NaNO3、MgCl2、KCl、Ba(OH)

29、不用其它任何试剂鉴别下列5种物质的溶液：① NaOH ② MgSO4 ③Ba(NO3)2④ Cu(NO3)2 ⑤ KNO3，被鉴别出来的正确顺序是（）A、⑤④③②①B、④③①②⑤C、④①②③⑤D、②③①④⑤

10、现有①NaOH ②Al2(SO4)3 ③Ba(NO3)2 ④FeCl3 ⑤NaCl 五种溶液，不用其它试剂，要用最简便的方法，被鉴别出来的物质顺序是（）A、①②③④⑤B、④①②③⑤C、②③①④⑤D、④⑤②③①

11、下列溶液，不用外加试剂（可组内结合）鉴别出来的先后顺序是（）①氯化铁②硝酸钾③氯化镁④氢氧化钠 A、①②③④B、①④③②C、④①②③C、①③④②

学完本专题，你有什么收获

第四篇：培优专项训练八

培优专项训练八

Unit 8 主题阅读

阅读理解

A

Zhao Hua is a student from a university.He has led a group of university student volunteers since last year.They help children at a primary school with their studies and daily lives.“ When I was a small child,” Zhao said, “ I knew March 5th was a day for people to learn from Lei Feng and help others, but I didn‟t know the real meaning of the spirit of Lei Feng.Now when I see the smiling faces of the kids I have helped, I deeply understand Lei Feng.Helping others makes me happy.”Lei Feng（1940—1962）is one of the best-known soldiers in Chinese history.He lost his parents when he was very young.His neighbors brought him up.He died in an accident at the age of 22.He did manymoney to the parents of another soldier, and bought a ticket for a woman he didn‟t know without telling her his name.On March 5th,1963, Chairman Mao called on people to “ Learn from Lei Feng” and made the day“Lei Feng Day”.Today almost 50 years has passed since Lei Feng‟s death.Some people say that the spirit of Lei Feng is out.There have been many reports about the coldness(冷漠)of people towards strangers.This has made many Chinese people think deeply about themselves.Many people think we need to promote(提倡)that spirit again.The important thing is that we must be ready to help others and make it a habit.1.Which day is “Lei Feng Day”？

A.May 3 rd.B.May 5 th.C.March 3 rd.D.March 5 th.2.Who brought Lei Feng up?

A.His parents.B.Chairman Mao.C.His neighbors.D.Soldiers.3.The underlined phrase “good deeds” means _________ in Chinese.A.好人B.好事C.好梦D.好主意

4.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A.Lei Feng gave his money to another soldier‟s

parents.B.Lei Feng bought a ticket for a woman and he

told his name to her.C.Lei Feng always helped others.D.We should learn from Lei Feng.5.What‟s the best title(标题)of this passage ?A.Lei Feng‟s SpiritB.Lei Feng‟s death

C.Lei Feng‟s good neighborsD.University Student Volunteers

B

Like many people, I have no clear idea about heroes.At some point, we all wonder if we need a hero and what a hero really is.Although there are a lot of differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics(特点)which give us courage and make us want to learn from them.A hero does something worth talking about.A hero has a special story to tell and people think highly of it.But a hero is not just the person with great fame(声誉).A hero has powers(力量)larger than himself.Some people want to live like a hero, and they have to experience life with a new and further meaning.A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom they serve.What do they want to live and die for? If the answer suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes.the power to move people.He creates new possibilities.Without Gandhi, India might still be part of Britain.Without Martin Luther King, Jr., Americans might take different buses, eat in different restaurants, go for walks in different parks, and shop in different stores because of the different colours of their skin.There might be changes in society without a hero, but the speed of change would be rather slow.Thanks to heroes in history, they make the society develop so rapidly.1.According to this passage, a hero is a person who always ________.A.gives us courage

B.thinks highly of othersC.shares great fame

D.stands on the mountaintop

2.If you want to live like a hero, you should _______.A.experience a new and meaningful lifeB.listen to something worth talking aboutC.serve your own fame and try to be famous D.know where and how you want to live and die 3.The underlined word “vision” in the passage means “__________”.A.风景B.想象C.远见D.形象

4.Black people in America used to __________ before Martin Luther King, Jr..A.shop at the white‟s storesB.drive buses with the whiteC.take walks in the white‟s parksD.eat in restaurants without the white5.What can we learn from the passage?

A.We don‟t need heroes anymore at some point now.B.Heroes are all the same though different in cultures.C.People get powers from heroes to move to a new place.D.Our society has developed faster because of heroes in history.综合提升训练

（八）I.单项选择

1.This is ________interesting story and it is also ________ useful one.A.an;anB.an;theC.an;aD.a;a 2.I don‟t like this one.Please show me ________ one.A.otherC.anotherA.Germen

B.the othersD.the other oneB.Germany

D.Germans

3.There are five ________over there.C.Germanys

4.I think you can do the work ________.A.yourselfB.myselfC.himselfD.your 5.The ________of the planes made us feel sick.A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.smell 6.________ good health you have!

A.How aB.What aC.HowD.What

7.This plane is made ________ paper and it was made ________ my mother last night.A.of;byB.from;byC.with;forD.in;with

8.They all looked ________at the teacher and felt very ________.A.happy;happyC.happy;happily A.many

B.happily;happilyD.happily;happy C.littleD.a lot of

9.It was a dry year.We‟ve had ________ rain.B.a few

10.Could you tell me when the meeting ________? A.beginB.beginsC.will beginD.beginning

11.I don‟t know the school, but it‟s ________ to be quite a good one.A.told B.spokenC.talkedD.said A.is finished

B.was finished

12.When your homework ________, you may go home.C.will be finishedD.has finished

13.When I looked into the room, I found Philip himself ________ in bed.A.lies

B.lyingC.lay

D.lie

14.The Wangs ________here for ten years.A.is livingB.have livedC.has livedD.lives

15.They ________the station ________the train started.A.won‟t leave;until

B.not leave;untilD.left;until

C.didn‟t leave;until II．完形填空

Ever since I was little, my favourite season was winter.I loved to play in the snow and enjoyed the hot chocolate.winter never gave me the special gift of snow on my birthday.I would ask my it didn‟t snow on my birthday.She would laugh and tell me I asked too many questions.one day, she promised that she would make it snow on my next

birthday.That year, my birthday, my grandmother died.I was sad but angry because she had promised to make it snow.The day of my sixth birthday, I woke up and ran to the window, hoping to see just one snowflake(雪花).But there was no.I felt mad at my grandmother.She had broken a promise.By my sixteenth birthday, I , even though I still wished for it.During my party, I stayed with my friends and family and was truly Then I saw the white snow down all around.I was so excited that I ran around screaming and laughing.My friends all laughed me, but I didn‟t care.When I home, my grandpa said he had a gift for me.I was given me a gift.It was a small white box, which looked old.I opened it.There was a crystal snowflake(冰晶雪花)with a card that , “Happy Birthday.”

How could this be? My grandpa said it was my grandmother‟s final on my “sweet I was that my smiling grandmother angel was and had been watching over me.B.Unluckily

sixteenth”.I cried.16.A.Certainly

C.ImportantlyD.Luckily

17.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why 18.A.ButB.OrC.Then19.A.onB.afterC.before21.A.had gotC.had found

D.So D.in

20.A.seasonB.snowC.breakfastD.winter

B.had madeD.had lost

D.feared

22.A.happyB.sadC.angryD.sorry 23.A.hadB.wasC.played24.A.fell

C.disappearingD.falling25.A.withB.atC.from

D.off

D.flew

26.A.arrived atB.reached atC.got

B.standing

27.A.excitedB.surprisedC.pleasedD.sad 28.A.wroteB.saidC.explainedD.appeared 29.A.orderB.mistakeC.wishD.decision 30.A.sureB.angryC.sadD.confident III.阅读理解

Mrs.Blanches‟ husband went off on a business trip to America.He planned to leave New York for Washington.He wanted to catch the 4:00 pm plane to Washington.It was seven o‟clock in the afternoon.Mrs.Blanches received a telephone call from her husband.He told her that he was still at the New York airport.Mrs.Blanches was so surprised and asked him what happened.“What happened, honey?” asked Mrs.Blanches.“Well,” said Mr.Blanches.“I really don‟t know what happened, honey.Everything was going fine.At half past three, I got my air ticket, checked my luggage and waited in line at the gate.I walked across the runaway(飞机跑道)to the airport and on my way I saw one of my old friends.Have you

remembered him? His name is Jack Smith.Now Jack Smith is an engineer who works at the airport.I was excited that I shouted to him.I came up and wanted to shake hands with Jack.But a policeman ran to me quickly and caught me.”

“Why did he catch you?” Mrs.Blanches asked.“I don‟t know,” said Mr.Blanches.All I said was“Hi,Jack!”

“Yeah, that is why they wouldn‟t let you go,” said Mrs.Blanches.“They thought you were going to do harm to the whole plane.Only terrorists want to take control of a plane, and that is called „

31.What was Mrs.Blanches‟ husband‟s destination(目的地)? A.Washington, America.B.South America.C.New York.D.The New York airport.32.Where was Mr.Blanches when he called his wife? A.He was on the airport to Washington.B.He was still at the New York Airport.C.He was in Washington.D.He was on the railway station.33.Who was Jack Smith?

A.Mr.Blanches‟ new customer.B.Mr.Blanches‟ old customer.C.Mr.Blanches‟ brother.D.Mr.Blanches‟ friend.34.What does the underlined word mean in Chinese？

A.恐怖B.逮捕C.劫机 D.别动

35.Why did the policeman catch Mrs.Blanches‟ husband?

A.Because they thought he was going to do harm to the plane.B.Because they wanted to get his help in catching terrorists.C.Because they knew that he was a terrorist.D.Because Mrs.Blanches asked them to do so.IV．词汇运用

36.Please help _______(你自己)to some fish, Tom.Don‟t be so shy.37.Man can‟t live ________(没有)water, so we must make good use of it.38.Please listen to the speaker _________(仔细地)when he speaks.39.She is such a pleasant and _________(有帮助的)girl that we all like her.40.The foreign teachers in our school are from Germany.They are ________(德国人).V.句型转换

对画线部分 提问)

_________ _________ does a football match last?

42.The old lady was so tired that she couldn‟t go any further.(改为简单句)

The old lady was _________ _________ to go any further.43.Their new house is twice as big as the old one.(改为同义句)

Their new house is twice _______ ________of the old one.44.I wonder how I can get to the nearest underground station.（改为同义句）I wonder ________ _______get to the nearest underground station.45.If you do exercise a lot, you will be healthy.（改为同义句）

The ______ exercise you do, the _______ you will be.

第五篇：离子浓度大小的比较专题训练

离子浓度大小的比拟专题训练

1．0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液和0.1mol/LNH4Cl溶液，等体积混合后，离子浓度大小正确的选项是

A.c(Na+)＞c(Cl-)＞c(OH-)＞c(H+)

B.c(Na+)＝c(Cl-)＞c(OH-)＞c(H+)

C.c(Na+)＝c(Cl-)＞c(H+)＞c(OH-)

D.c(Cl-)＞c(Na+)＞c(OH-)＞c(H+)

2．在0.1mol/L的NaHCO3溶液中，以下关系式正确的选项是.A.c(Na+)＞c(HCO3-)＞c(H+)＞c(OH-)

B.c(Na+)＋c(H+)＝c(HCO3-)＋c(OH-)＋2c(CO32-)

C.c(Na+)＝c(HCO3-)＞c(OH-)＞c(H+)

D.c(Na+)＝c(HCO3-)＋c(CO32-)＋c(H2CO3)

3．设氨水的pH＝x，某盐酸的pH＝y，x+y＝14，且x>11。将上述两溶液分别取等体积充分混合后，所得溶液中各离子浓度由大到小的顺序是

A.c(Cl-)>c(NH4+)>c(H+)>c(OH-)

B.c(NH4+)>c(Cl-)>c(H+)>c(OH-)

C.c(NH4+)>c(Cl-)>c(OH-)>c(H+)

D.c(Cl-)>c(NH4+)>c(OH-)>c(H+)

4．等体积等浓度的MOH强碱溶液和HA弱酸溶液混和后，混和液中有关离子的浓度应满足的关系是

A.c(M+)>c(OH-)>c(A-)>c(H+)

B.c(M+)>c(A-)>c(H+)>c(OH-)

C.c(M+)>c(A-)>c(OH-)>c(H+)

D.c(M+)>c(H+)

=c(OH-)+c(A-)

5．以下溶液中,阴离子浓度最大的是:

A.0.5mol/L

H2SO4溶液50mL

B.0.6mol/L

Al2(SO4)3溶液35mL

C.0.8mol/L

NaCl溶液70mL

D.0.7mol/L

Na2CO3溶液60mL

6．有五瓶溶液分别是①10毫升0.60摩/升NaOH水溶液

②20毫升0.50摩/升硫酸水溶液

③30毫升0.40摩/升HCl溶液

④40毫升0.30摩/升CH3COOH水溶液

⑤50毫升0.20摩/升蔗糖水溶液。以上各瓶溶液所含离子、分子总数的大小顺序是

A.①>②>③>④>⑤

B.②>①>③>④>⑤

C.②>③>④>①>⑤

D.⑤>④>③>②>①

7．实验测得常温下0.1mol/L某一元酸(HA)溶液的pH值等于1，0.1mol/L某一元碱(BOH)溶液里c(H+)/c(OH-)＝10-12。将此两种溶液等体积混合后，所得溶液呈的各离子的浓度由大到小排列的顺序是

A．c(B+)＞c(A-)＞c(OH-)＞c(H+)

B．c(A-)＞c(B+)＞c(H+)＞c(OH-)

C．c(B+)＝c(A-)＞c(H+)＝c(OH-)

D．c(B+)＞c(A-)＞c(H+)＞c(OH-)

8．将7.8g铁粉参加200mL2mol/L的HNO3溶液中，使之充分反响放出NO气体，所得溶液中主要离子浓度的大小关系是

A．c(NO3-)＞c(Fe2+)＞c(Fe3+)＞c(H+)

B．c(NO3-)＞c(Fe3+)＞c(Fe2+)＞c(H+)

C．c(Fe2+)＞c(Fe3+)＞c(NO3-)＞c(H+)

D．c(Fe2+)＞c(NO3-)＞c(Fe3+)＞c(H+)

9．将100毫升0.1摩/升的BaCl2溶液参加到100毫升0.2摩/升的H2SO4溶液中，那么溶液中存在的离子浓度关系是

A．

c(H+)>c(Cl-)>

c(SO42-)

c(Ba2+)

B．c(Cl-)>

c(H+)>c(SO42-)

>c(Ba2+)

C．

c(H+)>c(SO42-)>c(Ba2+)>

c(Cl-)

D

．c(Cl-)>

c(H+)>c(Ba2+)>c(SO42-)

10．0.1mol/LKHSO4和0.1mol/LNa2S溶液等体积混合后，溶液能使pH试纸变蓝，那么离子浓度关系正确的选项是

A

c(SO42－)

＞

c(HS－)

＞

c(OH－)

＞

c(H＋)

B

c(Na＋)

＞

c(K＋)

＞

c(H＋)

＞

c(OH－)

C

c(Na＋)＝c(S2－)＋c(H2S)＋c(HS－)＋c(SO42－)

D

c(Na＋)＋c(K＋)＋c(H＋)＝c(SO42－)＋c(S2－)＋c(HS－)＋c(OH－)

11．用2mol/L的NaOH溶液滴定pH=5的HCN溶液100mL至中性，此时溶液中各离子浓度关系正确的选项是

A．

c(Na＋)>c(CN－)>c(OH－)>c(H＋)

B．c(CN－)>c(Na＋)>c(H＋)>

c(OH－)

C．

c(Na＋)+c(CN－)=2mol/L

D．c(Na＋)+c(OH－)=

c(CN－)+c(H＋)

12．0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液0.2L，通入448mL〔标准状况〕H2S气体，所得溶液离子浓度大小关系正确的选项是

A．

c(Na+)>c(HS-)>c(OH-)>c(H2S)>c(S2-)>c(H+)

B．c(Na+)+c(H+)=c(HS-)+c(S2-)+

c(OH-)

C．

c(Na+)

=c(H2S)+c(HS-)+c(S2-)+c(OH-)

D．

c(S2-)+c(OH-)=c(H+)+c(H2S)

13．将0.2mol/LCH3COOK与0.1

mol/L盐酸等体积混合后，溶液中以下微粒的物质的量浓度关系正确的选项是

A．c(CH3COO-)=c(Cl-)=c(H+)>c（CH3COOH)

B．c(CH3COO-)=c(Cl-)

>c（CH3COOH)

>c(H+)

C．c(CH3COO-)>c(Cl-)>c(H+)>c（CH3COOH)

D．c(CH3COO-)>c(Cl-)>c（CH3COOH)

>c(H+)

14．一元酸HA溶液中，参加一定量强碱MOH溶液后，恰好完全反响，反响后的溶液中，以下判断正确的选项是

A．c(A-)≥c(M+)

B.c(A-)≤c(M+)

C.假设MA不水解,那么c(OH-)

D.假设MA水解,那么c(OH-)>c(A-)

15．将0.2mol/L的NH4NO3溶液与0.1mol/L的NaOH溶液等体积混合，以下有关混合溶液中微粒的浓度关系正确的：

A．c(NH4+)=c(Na+)＞c(OH－)＞c(NH3·H2O)

B．c(NH4+)=c(Na+)＞c(NH3·H2O)

＞c(OH－)

C．c(NH4+)＞c(Na+)＞c(NH3·H2O)

＞c(OH－)

D．c(NH4+)+c(Na+)+c(H+)＝c(OH－)+c(NO3－)