2013-2014学年度襄阳四中、荆州中学、龙泉中学高三10月联考生物卷参考答案

第一篇：2013-2014学年度襄阳四中、荆州中学、龙泉中学高三10月联考生物卷参考答案

2013～2014学年度襄阳四中、荆州中学、龙泉中学高三10月联考

生物参考答案

一、单选题(共28小题，共42分，其中

第二篇：2013-2014学襄阳四中、荆州中学、龙泉中学高三10月联考语文答案

2013～2014学襄阳四中、荆州中学、龙泉中学高三10月联考

语文参考答案

1．D（A．fēi/fěibì/bǐqiǎng/qiǎng；B．yùn/yùntuān/chuányì/ài；C．piào/piāobiã/piēliàng/liàng；D．móu/miùmân/mãndāng/dàng）2．A（B通牒；C真知灼见；D穷兵黩武）3．C（“不只”：不但，不仅。“不止”：表示超出某个数量或范围。“如鱼得水”：形容遇到的人跟自己很投合或所处的环境对自己很适合。“为虎添翼”：比喻帮助坏人，增加恶人的势力。“如虎添翼”：形容强大的得到援助后更加强大，也形容凶恶的得到援助后更加凶恶。“为虎作伥”：比喻做恶人的帮凶，帮助恶人做坏事。“刮目相看”：用新的眼光来看待。“另眼相看”：用另一种眼光看待，多指看待某个人（或某种人）不同于一般。“拭目以待”：形容殷切期望或密切关注事态的动向及结果。“静观其变”：冷静地观察事情的进展变化。）

4．C（A主语与宾语搭配不当。“大国的崛起过程”与“时代”不能搭配。B“迅速”与“闪”语意重复。D有歧义，停顿不同意思不同。）5．B（“义绝”是“关羽”）

6．B（原文是“是不是能够将所有的文化遗产都要商品化，都要产业化，都要能够产生出经济价值，这是需要商榷的”。）

7．D（A强加因果；B无中生有，原文无“代表着先进的民族文化”之意；C未然变已然，原文

第三篇：2012-2013年学下学期襄阳四中、龙泉中学、荆州中学期中联考高一生物答案

2012~2013年学下学期襄阳四中、龙泉中学、荆州中学期中联考

高一生物试题答案

一、选择题（共50分。其中1-25题每题1分，26-30题每题2分，31-35题每题3分）

1-5.CBDDD6-10.BBCDB11-15.BBABD16-20.DABCC

21-25.CBACD26-30.ACCBD31-35.DBDBC

二、非选择题

36、（每空1分共8分）

1.磷酸（基团）；2.脱氧核糖；3.腺嘌呤脱氧核苷酸；

4.胞嘧啶；5.胸腺嘧啶； 6.碱基对/鸟嘌呤-胞嘧啶碱基对；

7.氢键；8.一条脱氧核苷酸链。

37、（每空2分共14分）

（1）次级卵母细胞；②；aB。

（2）联会和分离。（答联会、交叉互换和分离也给分）

（3）100；DNA半保留复制；可能。

38、（每空2分共18分）

Ⅰ、（1）XaY；XAXa

（2）X；XXY。

（3）用显微镜观察例外果蝇的性染色体组成。（其他合理答案可给分）Ⅱ、（1）不同。

（2）实验步骤：做若干组有角雌牛和无角雄牛的杂交。

预测结果①后代全部有角；

②后代雄牛全无角，雌牛全有角。

（其它合理答案也可得分）

第四篇：2014年上半年荆州中学、龙泉中学、宜昌一中、襄阳四中联考高二英语试题

2013～2014学下学期荆州中学、龙泉中学

宜昌一中、襄阳四中

期中联考

高二英语试题

命题人：王金莉(龙泉中学)审题人：李 辉(襄阳四中)

本试题卷共8页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

★ 祝考试顺利 ★

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。

3．完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用黑色墨水签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What are they talking about?

A.A matchbox.B.A fire.C.A building.2.Where does the man usually go on weekend nights?

A.To the cinema.B.To a restaurant.C.To a bar.3.What is wrong with the printer?

A.It runs out of ink.B.It's broken.C.It's jammed.4.What are the two speakers doing?

A.Chatting.B.Discussing.C.Bargaining.5.Why did the man go to the Fragrant Hills last weekend?

A.To see red leaves.B.To do morning exercise.C.To get together with friends.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。

6.Why is the woman so worried about her daughter?

A.She met an outlaw.B.She didn't show up at school.C.She ran away from home.英语试卷 第1页

7.What did the man say to comfort the woman?

A.He is not angry with her.B.The girl can look after herself.C.She shouldn't feel shame so much.8.What does the man suggest doing?

A.Calling the police.B.Contacting her classmates.C.Turning to the neighbors.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。

9.What does the professor think of the few unserious teachers?

A.Irresponsible.B.Shameless.C.Unfair.10.What can we learn about the professor's students?

A.They always cheat.B.They seldom cheat.C.They never cheat.11.What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A.How to pass the exams.B.How strict a teacher should be.C.Why the students cheat in exams.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.When do the speakers usually meet?

A.On Mondays.B.On Tuesdays.C.On Wednesdays.13.What does the man think of Professor Grayson?

A.Nice.B.Boring.C.Humorous.14.What is the man's major?

A.Maths.B.Economics.C.English literature.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Why does Elizabeth look worried today?

A.She needs money baldy.B.She didn't get the visa.C.She lost her wallet.16.What does she plan to do?

A.Go to the police station.B.Leave the country soon.C.Go to China Daily.17.What will the man do for her?

A.Call his uncle.B.Put an advertisement.C.Treat the woman to breakfast.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What did Michelle Obama ask ITV to do?

A.Advance the release date of the drama.B.Send some DVDs with the latest story.C.Change the sad ending of the play.19.How did the ITV feel when the first lady's office got in touch with them?

A.Overexcited.B.Embarrassed.C.Surprised.20.What did the ITV hope the Obamas to do?

A.Invite the stars to dinner.B.Keep a secret.C.Enjoy the drama.英语试卷 第 2页

第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节：多项选择（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Though willing to help those in need, many Chinese now hesitate to help a fallen elderly person, because not all such kindnesses are received with___________.A.ambitionB.appreciationC.sympathyD.qualification

22.Many senior high school students' weekend ______ includes sleeping late, surfing the Internet and having a get-together with friends.A.drillB.draftC.regulationD.routine

23.Nowadays sending text messages or writing micro-blogs allows us to exchange thoughts, but bits and pieces of online connection can't ______ for a face-to-face conversation.A.adjustB.exchangeC.substituteD.witness

24.Under the great pressure of the public, Zhang Yimou, the director of Hero and House of Flying Daggers, had to _______ on Sunday that he has two sons and a daughter with his second wife, Chen Ting.A.acknowledgeB.adaptC.adjustD.adopt

25.However _____ certain natural resources may be, they are bound to run out one day if not well taken care of.A.abundantB.absurdC.autonomousD.available

26.If Wen Zhang is only interested in the beautiful appearance of Yao Di, that shows what a______ person he is, who is not worth cherishing at all.A.fellowB.shadowC.narrowD.shallow

27.As with holding sand in the hand, the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too _____, and the best way to keep it is to give it wings.A.remotelyB.looselyC.tightlyD.narrowly

28.The sales of the cell phone Nubiaz5mini have increased _____ online recently because the first lady of China Peng Liyuan used one of the same style to take photos of the footballers in Germany.A.slightlyB.sharplyC.approximatelyD.annually

29.Don't expect to pass the driving test at your first attempt.______, you have been learning to drive for only a couple of days.A.After allB.Or ratherC.On the contraryD.In other words 30.Global warming is an increasingly huge concern for the world, which has led to many rivers and lakes

______ these years.A.drying upB.drying outC.putting outD.putting up 第二节：完型填空（共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

with the problems of growing up and communicating with my mother.Whenever I got angry, we would end up inwith each other, unwilling to share our real feelings.Several days ago, I ran away from home to the anger and pain bottled up for many hours, well into the night, before I finally decided to home.Walking through the front door, I saw all the pain and anger on my mother's face.For days after that, we said the filled with tension, so we needed a talk and agreed to have breakfast together in a local café the next morning.It turned out to be apoint of our relationship.On our way to the table I my mother holding two notebooks, “are they for?” I asked.“Sometimes it is easier to down our feelings than to talk about them,” She explained.She then me a notebook and kept one for herself.The “ ” were that she would pick a topic, and we would write down ourabout it, however long or short.Our first was: “Why I am so angry?” I wrote a half After finishing writing notebooks and read what the other had reading mum's words, I began to cry and so did she.Amazingly enough, when we finished discussing them, all the anger inside me was to expressing our

different ideas.No matter how we feel, our notebooks are a safe place to express it.31.A.conductingB.doingC.dealingD.putting 32.A.companionB.conflictC.connectionD.conservation 33.A.absorbB.releaseC.abolishD.prevent 34.A.insideB.withoutC.besideD.beyond 35.A.stayB.leaveC.returnD.move 36.A.mostB.worstC.leastD.best 37.A.desperatelyB.narrowlyC.hopefullyD.importantly 38.A.startingB.fallingC.freezingD.turning 39.A.noticedB.feltC.scannedD.glanced 40.A.WhereB.WhatC.WhenD.Why 41.A.setB.handC.expressD.discuss 42.A.askedB.leftC.handedD.opened 43.A.lessonsB.ordersC.rulesD.reasons 44.A.adviceB.decisionC.worriesD.feelings 45.A.testB.letterC.topicD.game 46.A.filledB.hurriedC.madeD.stayed 47.A.mentionedB.trustedC.exchangedD.combined 48.A.ApartB.InC.OnD.With49.A.recycledB.relaxedC.recognizedD.removed 50.A.approachB.meansC.methodD.way

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The gentle giants of our oceans are whale sharks.It's the biggest shark and can reach as long as 41.5 feet, and these amazing creatures are also the biggest fish of any kind.Whale sharks have a lifespan of 70 years on average, and they spend their days gently swimming in the warm and tropical oceans.Their teeth are the size of match heads, and while their jaws could be powerful, they have never tended to attack humans.Their teeth play no role in eating, as plankton(浮游生物)does not need to be chewed.They are to be found in numbers in the warmer oceans and they prefer the deep waters of the open oceans.Several times a year they gather together in certain spots where plankton is plentiful.Those areas are all within a 30°north or south latitude(纬度)from equator.Sadly, whale sharks are targeted by commercial fisheries at those spots.How easy it is for the fishermen to catch those beautiful creatures who can only swim at 3.5 miles per hour!Whale sharks have suffered so great a loss that they are now listed as one of the endangered species.Measures have been taken to protect the whale shark from extinction.The Philippines and India have banned the fishing, selling, importing and exporting of whale sharks for commercial purposes.However, the law does not seem to be effective because the hunting and killing are still going on today, especially in the Philippines.Each whale shark can bring in around $21,000.In parts of Asia they are known as the “money shark”.The mighty dollar wins again at great cost to our habitat.We will not know what we have lost until we have lost it forever.51.Which of the following about whale sharks is NOT true?

A.They usually live a life of 70 years on average.B.They depend on their teeth to harvest their food.C.They like to live in the deep waters of the warmer oceans.D.They gather together some times a year for plankton.52.Which of the following do whale sharks feed on?

A.Big fish.B.Seals.C.Plankton.D.Smaller sharks of the same kind.53.So many whale sharks have been caught mainly because______.A.they swim at a slow speed

B.they mean profit in the eyes of those fishermen C.they often gather together in great numbers D.they never tend to attack humans

54.We can learn from the passage that ______.A.whale sharks are not the biggest sharks but the biggest fish B.whale sharks will be extinct even if they are protected C.Asia has nothing to do with the decreasing of whale sharks D.we should take steps to protect whale sharks

B

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman.A man goes shopping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in advance.He knows what he wants, and his aim is men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock(有现货的), the business of trying it on follows at once.All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants.In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else.No good salesman brings out a substitute impolitely;he does so with skill: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, Sir, but would you like to try it on for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”

Now how does a woman buy clothes? In almost every aspect she does so in the opposite way.Her shopping is not often based on need.She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round”.She is always open to persuasion;indeed she is influenced by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her.She will try on any number of things.What she wants is to find something that everyone thinks suits her.Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes.They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain.Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend hours going from one shop to another, to and fro.It is a tiring process, but apparently an enjoyable one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.55.The underlined sentence “the price is a secondary consideration” in the second paragraph means when a man is shopping ______.A.he buys things of good quality even if they are very dear

B.he cares about whether the thing is what he needs first and then the price C.he buys whatever he likes without considering its value D.he buys things without considering its price

56.What does a man do when he can not get exactly what he wants?

A.He usually does not buy anything.B.He buys a similar thing because of the color he wants.C.So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.D.At least two of his requirements must be met before he buys.57.What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes?

A.They welcome suggestions from almost anyone.B.Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.C.Women buy things without giving the matter proper thought.D.They try to buy clothes for more than its real value.58.What is the main difference between men and women shoppers?

A.Men do not try clothes on in a shop while women do.B.Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C.Men go shopping based on need, but women often not.D.Women buy more clothes than men.C

A word has suddenly become wildly popular in China—“Tuhao”—which loosely translated means “nouveau riche”(暴发户).It's connected with everything from the new People's Daily building, to expensive celebrity weddings full of bling, and the new gold-colored iPhone.In Chinese “tu” means earth and “hao” means rich.To say someone is Tuhao is to imply they come from a poor peasant background, and have become rich quickly—but don't quite have the proper manners to go along with it.It's almost like the term “nouveau riche”, says Professor Steve Tsang at the School of Contemporary Chinese Studies in Nottingham—but has even more negative meanings, suggesting a certain vulgarity(粗俗).“Tuhao” is actually an old word—dating back perhaps as far as the Southern Dynasty 1,500 years ago —but it has always meant something rather different.During the communist revolution, it was widely used to refer to landholders who would bully(欺侮)those beneath them.This new usage of the term took off in last September after a widely-shared joke about a rich, but unhappy man, who goes to a Buddhist monk for advice, expecting to be told to live a happier life.The monk replies with the phrase: “Tuhao, let's be friends!”

Chinese Internet users are highly creative in their use of language, and are constantly inventing, and re-inventing words.But in this case, its popularity seems to be down to the fact that it briefly expresses China's changing society so well—59.Which of the following may NOT be considered “Tuhao”?

A.A vulgar nouveau riche.B.A bully landholder.C.A quick-rich peasant without proper manners.D.A Buddhist monk.A.what the new usage of the word is B.how the word becomes popular again

C.why the unhappy man went to the Buddhist monk D.what advice the monk gave the unhappy man

61.What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in the last paragraph most similar to?

A.understandB.undertakeC.undervalueD.underline62.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Tuhao is nouveau riche.B.Tuhao has a long history.C.Tuhao is a newly-invented Chinese word.D.Tuhao is a word popular again in China.D

Having a dental fear（牙科恐惧症）is a common problem.Learning to overcome your fear of the dentist is possible with a little determination and guidance.It is worthwhile to overcome the issue as healthy teeth might help you be healthy physically and spiritually.Admission

Admitting you have a fear is the first step in overcoming dental fear.When you acknowledge your fear, you can start the process.Dentistry has come a long way over the years.The anesthetics(麻醉)are improved, the techniques are of higher quality and dental offices have a better understanding of these issues you are concerned about and all these can help you overcome it.Research

Speak to family and friends about your fear.Be open and honest about your issues and get feedback from them regarding their dental experiences.You can contact your local Dental Society and express your concerns.Another good approach is to simply call dental offices and get useful information from the front office staff.First visit

Most dental offices schedule your first visit by a dental assistant.This gives you a chance to ease into the situation.Do not hesitate to express your fear and hesitation.Pay attention to what the assistant says.It can be very useful and it can gently guide you to a new attitude towards dentists.Relaxation techniques

There are many things you can do to relax yourself.Slow, steady, deep breathes are keys to relax properly.Another aid in relaxation is to bring your iPod to play some relaxing music while you are in the dental chair.Music is a wonderful tool to use and is a helpful distraction.Facing your fear and making the first dental appointment are necessary for your health.Ignoring your dental health because of your fear will only worsen the issues and cause you to have serious dental problems.63.We can learn from the first paragraph that ______.A.few people might have the dental fear B.it's impossible to overcome the dental fear C.it's meaningful to overcome the dental fear

D.it's not necessary to pay attention to dental health

64.You can start the process of overcoming dental fear after______.A.making an appointment with a good dentist B.admitting your dental fear

C.learning something about dental health D.asking advice from other people

65.What should you do when you first visit a dentist?

A.Avoid telling your fear and hesitation.B.Avoid showing any attitude towards the dentists.C.Ask someone to accompany you.D.Listen carefully to the assistant's advice.66.In the last paragraph the author wants to express that ______.A.dental fear can be overcome easily

B.one must be brave enough to face the dental fearC.it's quite difficult to be honest

D.fear is a natural thing that everyone might have

E

Modern Japan is proud of many technological wonders: robot dogs that run and bark, creative household appliances that make everyday life easier, and computers that make complex problems almost childishly simple.But when it comes to which invention is the best, the Japanese may not be thinking with their heads or their hearts, but their stomachs.They considered instant noodles the best invention of the 20th century.As for life-changing technology, karaoke came in at No.2.The non-scientific survey by the Fuji Research Institute attached to Tokyo University asked 2,000 adults to rate the greatest inventions of the 20th century in three categories: manufactured goods, culture and technology.Participants were asked to take into consideration worldwide acceptance of the various inventions.An astonishing number of 692 placed instant noodles, a Japanese “invention” in 1958, at the top of the list.Instant noodles went into commercial production in 1971, and almost 50 billion cups are now consumed each year worldwide.In 1996, a giant billboard of a steaming cup of noodles was set up above Times Square in New York City, a proud declaration of the place that instant noodles had earned in world cuisine(烹饪).Headphone stereo sets, TV video games, CDs and cameras were ranked behind instant noodles and “Pocket Monsters”, Pikachu and his popular little friends came in at No.8 and automobile-related technology came in at No.9—automobiles themselves, invented overseas, were not ranked at all.Sushi, perhaps the original fast food in Japan, finished the top list.While the Fuji Institute's survey may not have been so scientific, it does suggest one thing: technology may rule the world, but at least in Tokyo, it begins and ends with the taste buds(味蕾).67.Instant noodles were considered the best invention of the 20th century in terms of A.acceptanceB.practicalityC.technologyD.trade 68.The underlined part “off-key howling”.A.automobilesB.karaokeC.PikachuD.Pocket Monsters 69.According to the survey, which was ranked the last on the list of the best inventions?

A.Automobile-related technology.B.Cameras.C.CDs.D.Sushi.70.What's the best title for the passage?

A.Japanese Inventions

B.The Life-changing Technology C.Instant Noodles, the Best Invention D.Wonders of Japan

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分50分）

第一节：完成句子（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。

their own faults.(reflect)

很多人热衷于评价别人的得失，而他们中很少有人反思自己的过错。

72.that Malaysian Defence Minister Hishammuddin Hussein considered getting up to 26 countries involved in searching for the missing plane MH370 a great achievement.(amaze)

令我们震惊的是马来西亚国防部长希沙姆丁竟然认为得到多达26个国家参与搜救失联飞机MH370是一个伟大的成就。

73.It is highly recommended that everyone at home and abroad _________________________authentic WuHan Hot Noodles with Sesame Paste.(access)

强烈建议海内外的人都有机会尝尝正宗的武汉热干面。

My Love From The Star so well-received in China, especially among the youth?(What)

究竟是什么让韩剧《来自星星的你》在中国尤其是年轻人中间炙手可热？

75.If they _________________________that much money to the charity organization, the old couple would enjoy their life after retirement in comfort now.(donate)

如果那对老夫妻没有捐那么大笔钱给慈善机构，他们现在就可以舒舒服服地享受退休生活了。76.Not only ____________________________________ the fast rhythm of city life, but also she is becoming more and more outgoing.(adapt)

她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。

77.With the May Day all those travel agencies are busy making

preparations for another peak travel period.（draw）

随着五一长假的临近，各个旅行社都在忙着准备迎接又一旅游高峰期。

78.The volunteers went to the orphanage to accompany the abandoned children at the New Year's eve,____________________ that all the rooms were empty.(find)

志愿者们除夕的时候去孤儿院陪那些被遗弃的孩子，结果却发现房间都是空的。

79.____________________________________for many times, he was banned from going on witnessing to the traffic accident.(contradict)

已经自相矛盾好多次了，他被禁止继续为那起交通事故作证。

80.Roosevelt won his reelection on November 17,1944, which was the fourth time that he

_________________________________as president of the United States.(appoint)罗斯福在1944年11月17日赢得了总统连任，那是他第四次当选美国总统。第二节：短文写作（共1题：满分30分）

2014年央视春晚上，一曲《时间都去哪儿了》戳中所有人的泪点。请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。

Parents' love is great.They support us for no payment and never give us up.注意： ①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；

②除诗歌外，文体不限；

③词数不少于120词。

第五篇：2012-2013年学下学期襄阳四中、龙泉中学、荆州中学期中联考高二历史答案

2012~2013年学下学期襄阳四中、龙泉中学、荆州中学期中联考

高二历史试题答案

一、选择题

1～5 BCACD6～10 ABCBA11～15 AAACA16～20 BDBCD21～25 CCBCD

二、非选择题

26.（20分）

（1）融合：中原文化和长江文化的交融；佛教与儒家融合。（2分）原因：中原文化和长江文化的交融是依赖于政治的统一；佛教与儒家融合是纯粹的民间文化运动。（4分）结果：中原文化和长江文化的交融，最终形成了中国传统文化的主流儒家文化；佛教与儒家的融合形成了理学。（4分）

（2）原因：世界大战的打击；经济危机的冲击。（4分）理由：儒家文化是一种可以与现代经济方式相结合、并给与经济发展以内在动力的精神文化形态。儒家文化不仅是历史现象，也是思考方式和生命存在形态。变革西方人的观念和生活方式的需要。（6分）

27.本题为开放性试题，按照思维层次给分。（15分）

①作为自然科学，达尔文进化论改变了人类对生命起源与发展的看法，有力地挑战了封建神学创世说。（4分）②达尔文进化论被机械引入社会科学领域，产生了社会达尔文主义，这不是科学地解释人类社会进步的理论，但在实践中产生了复杂的社会影响。一方面社会达尔文主义成为统治阶级剥削弱势群体、推行种族歧视的工具，成为西方列强进行殖民扩张的理论依据。另一方面，社会达尔文主义传播到中国后，成为中国人进行政治变革、发展实业、引进文化的理论依据。（7分）③达尔文进化论之所以产生了不同的影响，这主要取决于人们自身所处的时代与立场。反对封建神学的人、为统治秩序辩护的人、为殖民扩张辩护的人，落后国家中为民族崛起而奋斗的人，都从进化论中各取所需。（4分）

三、选做题

28.（15分）

（1）材料二：日本地理位置独特、面积小、人口少，有助于他们迅速传播和接受新文化、新思想，有利于凝聚民族向心力，对外作出一致的回应；中国地域广阔、人口众多，不利于西方新思想、新文化的传播，内地传统观念和传统势力难以改变，不利于对外迅速作出一致的回应。(6分)

材料三：中日两国人民的习惯和对外来事物的感觉方式不同(中国人对外来事物不屑一顾，日本人则有较强的适应性，乐于接受和采纳)。(4分)

（2）两段材料的观点都有一定道理，看到了造成中日差异的部分因素，但没有从政治、经济、历史文化传统、国际环境等角度全面解释中日差异的原因。(5分，言之有理即可)

29．（15分）

（1）理由：①中国可借此改变弱国地位，摆脱受世界强国联合宰割的局面；②协约国一方在人力物力上的巨大优势。（2分）方式：劳工参战。（1分）原因：日本竭力反对中国直接派兵参战；英法在战争中人员死伤惨重，兵力、劳力短缺。（2分）

（2）来源地广，人数多；主要从事战争勤务工作；报酬低，死亡率高；吃苦耐劳，不怕牺牲，表现出色。(4分)

（3）成为中欧之间文明传播的使节；为协约国赢得战争胜利作出了重要贡献；为中国赢得了战胜国的地位并为后来收回一些国家主权提供了条件。（6分）