英语技巧： 进行演讲

第一篇：英语技巧： 进行演讲

英语技巧： 进行演讲

在开始演讲前，首先欢迎听众并介绍自己：

“早上好，欢迎参加此次关于...的演讲(Good morning, and welcome to this presentation on …)”

“我叫（姓名），我是（公司名）的（销售经理）。(My name is(first name, surname), and I’m the(sales manager)at(company name).)”

“首先，欢迎大家参加此次演讲。(First of all, I’d like to welcome you to our presentation.)”

如果在演讲过程中欢迎提问题，或者希望在结束之后提问题，则说：

“如果在我演讲的过程中有任何问题，请随时提问。(If anyone has any questions while I’m giving the presentation, please feel free to ask.)”

或者： “如果有问题，我将在演讲结束时进行回答。(If you have questions, I’d be pleased to answer them at the end of the presentation.)”

当您开始时，应当简短地告诉听众演讲的主要内容及其顺序：

“我将从了解（当前形势以及自去年以来的改进）开始。(I’d like to start by looking at(the current situation and how it has improved from last year).)”

“让我们从了解（销售数据）开始。(Let’s begin by having a look at(the sales figures).)” “我将从（展示我们今年的成绩）开始。(I’m going to begin by(showing you what we achieved this year).)”

“然后，我将简要地谈一下（我们仍面临的挑战）。(“Then I’ll briefly talk about(the challenges which still face us).)”

“然后，我会讲一下（如何应对这些挑战）。(After that, I’m going to consider(how we might tackle those challenges).)”

“接下来，...(Next, …)”

“最后，...(And finally, …)”

每当完成一部分演讲时就告诉听众，这样他们就知道已完成了多少：

“好的，我们已了解了（当前形势)。（OK, so we’ve had a look at(the current situation).）现在转到下一要点。(Now let’s turn to the next point.)”

“是的，我们已讲过了（我们仍面临的问题）。(Right, we’ve covered(the problems which still face us).)下面，我们来了解一下...（Next, I’d like to look at …）”

“我已讲了有关（去年发生的事）。(Well, I’ve told you about(what happened last year).)现在，我们来看一下...(Now let’s look at …)”

下面是一些有用短语，可以列出您想讲述的要点：

“首先，...(Firstly, …)”

“第二，...(Secondly, …)”

“接下来，...(Next, …)”

“一方面，...另一方面，...(On the one hand, … On the other hand, …)”

询问是否有人要提问：

“有什么问题吗？(Does anyone have any questions?)”

或者仅说： “有问题吗？(Any questions?)”

“有人对此有评论吗？(Would anyone like to comment on that?)”

“有人对最后的评论有不同观点吗？(Does anyone disagree with that last comment?)”

感谢他们提问：

“谢谢您问这个问题！(Thank you for asking that!)”

“很高兴您提到这个问题！(I’m glad you raised that!)”

但如果有人提问，而您不想在此时回答，则说：

“如果您不介意的话，我想在稍后回答该问题。(“I’d like to come to that point a bit later on, if you don’t mind.)”

“这是个很有趣的问题，我们在接下来的演讲中会谈到它。(That’s an interesting point, and we’ll come to it a bit later in the presentation.)”

“实际上我现在不想回答它。(I’d actually rather not answer that now.)我可以稍后回答吗？(Could I deal with it a bit later?)”

如果您觉得到了休息时间了，可以说：

“好的，现在让我们休息（十分钟/十五分钟）。(OK, let’s have a(ten-minute/fifteen-minute)break now.)”

“现在让我们休息一下，十五分钟之后再重新开始。(Let’s break for coffee now and meet again in a quarter of an hour.)”

当您转换主题时，可以说：

“现在我开始讲（欧洲的当前形势）。(Now I’d like to move on to(what’s been happening in Europe).)”

“现在让我们转到（美国的形势）。(Let me now turn to(the situation in the United States).)” “现在我们来讨论一下（今年将发布的产品）。(I’d like now to discuss(the products we’ll be launching this year).)”

如果您想更详细地讲述某个要点，可以说：

“那么让我们来更详细地考虑一下该问题。(So let’s think about that in more detail.)” “让我们审视一下最后一点。(Let’s examine that last point.)”

“那么这真正意味着什么？(So what does that really mean?)”

“现在，这对我们意味着什么呢？(Now, what does that mean for us?)”

“那么，这将如何影响（我们本季度的成绩）？(So how will that affect(our output this quarter)?)”

要给出示例，您可以说：

“例如，...(For example, …)”

“比如，...(For instance, …)”

“给大家举个例子，...(To give you an example of this, …)”

“一个恰当的例子是...(A good example of this is …)”

“为了解释最后一点，我给大家看一下...(To illustrate that last point, I’d like to show you …)”

在演讲的结束部分，可以归纳要点并总结陈词：

“让我们总结一下好吗？(So let’s sum up, shall we?)”

“那么，我们可以从该问题总结出什么呢？(So, what conclusions can we draw from all this?)” “我来概括地总结一下。(I’d like to briefly recap.)我今天已讲述的是...(What I hope I’ve shown you today is …)”

“让我简要总结一下今天讲述的内容。(Let me summarise briefly the points we’ve covered today.)”

“我来总结一下要点，...(To sum up the main points, …)”

“那么，我再重复一遍今天下午讨论的内容。(So, let me just remind you once again what we’ve discussed this afternoon.)”

最后，您可以说：

“非常感谢大家参加今天的演讲！(Right, well thank you all very much for coming!)”

“今天的演讲到此结束了，非常感谢您的参加！(We’ve come to the end of the presentation, so thanks very much for being here today!)”

“如果没有其他问题，我们今天的演讲就到此结束。(Well, if there are no more questions, we’ll finish for today.)谢谢您！(Thank you!)”

第二篇：英语即兴演讲技巧

Host: Last February, Chun Shu, a Chinese writer in her early twenties, appeared on the cover of Time magazine.She was referred to by the U.S.Editor as “...one of a group of post-eighties writers in China.” Which also includes Guo Jingming, Zhang Yueran and Han Ham All these writers recount their personal feelings and express their individuality in their works, and they have a large group of readers and supporters.However, there is some concern that the cynical attitude towards life that they express might have a negative effect on young readers.Do you also fear it will have such negative effects? Thanks.Thank you for your question.Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.My topic of today's speech is “Make our Voice Heard.” Today I would like to argue in two park.First, I would like to argue why people are afraid that literatures will set a negative effect on our lives.And second part I will share some of my thoughts with you.开宗明义。演讲人首先明确的告知听众演讲的主题，使用brief introduction sentence to get attention。在临场的匆忙之中仍然想出来一个很好的题目Make Our Voice Heard，并且将自己的论述分为两部分，有条不紊，令人感叹。

Why those people are afraid of these kind of literature? I'm afraid that they are afraid of that teenagers are liked to imitate others.And teenager is just a crucial point for us to shape our personality, our view of life, and our value of the world.They're afraid of that we follow the bad example and lead a bad life in the future.And that's why my parents, my family, and even the government would like to propose where thought those kind of literature as cynical ones.本段讨论人们对此类文学作品表示忧虑的原因：担心青少年模仿。思路很清晰。也正是在正文中cover the main points。但大概由于临场的因素，出现了一些浯法方面的错误，如：I'm afraid of that…，they are afraid of that…，虽然不影响理解，仍然是个遗憾。

演讲人将《麦田守望者》与郭敬明的作品相比较，为下文打下铺垫。用文学名著作为论证的材料，很有说服力。

But I would like to share some of my thoughts with you.Before I read the book of Mr.Guo Jingming's novel, I read another fiction called the Catcher the Rye.In that book, I also read sex, violence, murder, and rebellion.But that book was regarded as one of the masterpiece in American history and awarded the Pulitzer Prize.I could not see any difference between Mr.Guo Jingming's novel and The Cateber in the Rye, because they expressed the attitude as our teenagers and adolescents we feel about the world.Now let me give you my three reasons, why we can read this kind of a book and f am not afraid of tile fears of the side effect.First, those literatures are not all bad.They have some positive points.They advocate friendship, love, loyalty, and so on.One of my roommates even cried after reading those books, He said that it is the first.., it was the first time in his life that he felt that a friendship was that precious, because the stories depicted in his novel, reflect him of the old times he spent in his high school.And he bought four books of Mr.Guo Jingming's Never Flowers in Never Dream(Meng Li Hua Luo Zhi Duo Shao)and sent them to his friends.And his friends wrote a long letter to him.I think this is what we lack today, the communication between friends.But the literature seems to bridge the gap.本段从三个方面指出此类作品不会产生负面影响的原因。首先指出第一个作品本身亦有其可取之处。并以其宦友的亲身经历为例作出了令人信服的论证。这样就使演讲personalized，so that audience can relate more easily to personal topics—they probably have similar experiences．

And the second reason is that we are not living in a world where everything is depicted as good.We are living in a world of good and evil, evil and holy.So, to that extent, if I am confined in a world where everything is depicted as good, I will feel quite perplexed when I am facing the real world.Does the real world really resemble what I read in the novel? We need something positive, also we need something cynical.And the third reason is that our generation, I believe, have the sense of self-discipline.We can make our own decision.For our parents, for our families and for the government, they should resume, assume the responsibility to remind us that what is good, what is bad, what is cynical Make our voice be heard.This is my answer and I am not afraid of tile side effects of those literature.Thank you very much.本段谈论演讲人的第二个观点：世界亦非完美无暇，文学就应该反应真实的世界。

最后一点原因：当代年轻人可以自律。至此就分别从文学作品、社会、个人三个方面透彻地阐释了演讲人的观点。也正是通过从不同角度的分析，使听众接受演讲人的观点。这一段中也出现了较为明显的问题。

Host: And, the topic for your speech will be...In spite of the fact that there is cutthroat competition within the film industry in China, there continues to be a steep increase in the number of applicants for places at Chinese art institutes.According to a Beiiing-based newspaper, more than ten thousand applicants waited in line on a single day to register to apply for the Beijing Film Academy.How do you perceive this struggle for stardom?

Thank you for the difficult question.Well, to be honest with you, I'm not really familiar with the struggle for stardom thing in China.But in the city where I come from, there is this also as cutthroat as the one in Beijing here competition going on, and perhaps I can share with you the experience we have there.Let me tell you something.In the city where I come from, there is this famous singing competition going on every week.And what they do is that pick the best one, and the best one goes to the next week and it goes on and on until one day that person is eliminated.开场白中difficult的使用充分显示了演讲人的机智。因为这与普通的接题方式Thank you for the question不同。演讲者是香港人，虽然她对主持人所问的内地的情况不甚了解，是一大劣势，但她却巧妙的地使用but转而谈到香港的情况；also的使用使演讲的主题不变。同时听众理解到演讲者要从另外一个角度解释同一个问题。这种角度的变换使演讲者的劣势变成了优势。听众既为其率真而打动，又为其智慧而折服。

And there's this little five year old boy, and he has won five consecutive championships, and then, of course, there were interviews and the news coverage, and everything.And when the general public read the newspaper.They frown at it.They said, “what a silly idea, to think about becoming a star.” And when Andy Lau--I'm sure all of you blow him, tile famous singer and actor--when he read the newspaper, he said, “Wow, that's great!But ask the boy to work hard.It's not easy.” 这里演讲人以演唱比赛为切人点，以小男孩的参舞，点出了香港人对当明星十分热衷。以此呼应主持人提问。并且演讲人Support points with specifics．以典型的例子支持论点。明星刘德华在内 地有很高的知名度，他的勤奋也是众所周知，以他的话为例，让人十分信服。本段对general public和Andy Lau不同态度的对 比，可以引起听众的思考。对比之中必有抑扬，也让听众对下段演讲人过渡到自己的观点有了思 想上的准备

Ladies and gentlemen, I think if we use the word “struggle”, isn't it a bit too negative? I think better word for it is “strive.” Being a star is also profession.It is also a job that you need to work hard at.Success does not come easy.Well, if we take a look at famous actors and actresses such as lackie Chart, Chow Yun Fat, Andy Lau, Tony Lun, they are all in their mid-forties, and even fifties.Yet, what do they have in common? When they first became..., when they first started their careers as a star, or as an actor, they were described as “Cinema Poison,” meaning nobody would see their films.But did they give up? No, they didn't, they didn't give up.They have been working hard all the way.And now they are famous.All over the world.All over Asia.And are they proud of themselves? Well, I suppose so.But still they work very hard.Look at Andy Lau.He's still striving for the best all the time.Every year are awards.本段中演讲人明确地提出了自己的观点。并且在临场仍然明确地区分struggle和strive，显示出演讲人深厚的语言功底。演讲人接着由例子过渡到谈话主题：当明星是一种职业，巧妙地把struggle的主题过渡到strive，进而谈到Being a star is also a profession．把不熟悉的主题struggle过渡到谈明星的成功这个比较熟悉的话题。这种演讲技巧十分重要，因为在短暂的几十秒钟内谈论一个十分陌生的话题，实在有难度，但是这位演讲者的巧妙过渡，既没有跑题，又谈了熟悉的话题，因此这种技巧值得学习。同时，本段列举众多内地观众十分熟悉地明星成名经历作为brief examples，做论据，支持自己的观点，使论据可靠而有力。这两句话Al lover the world．All over Asia．若能调换顺序，就更加顺畅。Ladies and gentlemen, I think there's nothing wrong if you want to be a star.It's a profession.It's a job that everybody can work for it if you really want it.But there are qualities that you need to possess if you want to be a star.Of Course you have to be hard-working, like Andy Lau, like Chow Yun Fat.They're all very hard-working.And there is also something very, important.It is you have to have a genuine interest in this film industry.This genuine interest is very important.Because a lot of people are interested in the money, instead of the job.They just look at the statistics, like just now I was waiting in my room and I was reading this news article, there's a chart telling the people how many...well, how much those stars in China are making, l/Veil, if you are only attracted by those statistics, by the figures, the money, well, then, I do not think you can be a star.There are people who have a genuine interest in becoming a singer, like there are people who have been taking acting classes, who have been acting in secondary schools, in college like that.They have a genuine interest.Yet, then go for it.本段讨论了成为明星的第三个素质：感兴趣[genuine Interest]，并且列举了生活中的一些实例[people only interested in money rather than film industry)来论证自己的观点。这样在立论的同时也驳斥了为金钱而当明星的错误观点。有立有废，论证严谨

Ladies and gentlemen, well, I think the competition is also good.When there's a competition, we can ensure the quality.When there's no competition, well, we have to have whatever is given to us.When there's competition, we can pick what we want.Isn't that something good? Ladies and gentlemen, it is what I think for that struggle for stardom.Thank you very much.结论部分是one—sentence review of the points she presented in her talk．由“为当明星而打拼”引申到一般意义上的竞争，既紧扣主题，又加以升华。以一个反问句Isn't it something good?结尾，进一步强化了演讲人的观点。这样的结尾达到了short and to the point的效果。通过Ladies and gentlemen提示听众演讲接近尾声，重提主持人的问题，以告知听众她一直围绕这个主题展开演讲，给听众一个完整的结尾。

本篇是获得第10届“21世纪·外教社杯”全国英语演讲比赛季军的香港选手张阿旭的即兴演讲。演讲充分显示了演讲人的机敏、临场应变能力和扎实的语言功底。通篇逻辑十分的清晰，而且演讲人娓娓道来，丝毫没有演讲的做作，却又极富感染力。在即兴演讲这一部分，本篇演讲人明显高人一筹。据演讲者本人介绍，这与她所在的学校要求学生做很多即兴的presentationn 即兴演讲（impromptu speech），顾名思义，就是指临场的、毫无准备的演讲。在前面所提到的两大比赛中，即兴演讲所占时间为1~3分钟，分值所占比重为30%~40%，在比赛中的地位十分重要。如果参赛选手想要取得优秀的成绩，那么就一定要在该部分取得高分。

即兴演讲对于使用母语演讲的人来说都非常困难，更何况是使用非母语演讲的选手？这部分非常具有挑战性，主要考察选手多方面能力：思维能力、逻辑能力和语言能力。思维能力是指选手在毫无准备的情况下对某一问题的分析能力，对问题理解的深度和宽度等；逻辑能力主要指选手是否有全局观，是否能合理搭筑整个演讲的框架，所阐述观点的层次性是否清晰；而语言能力则是指选手即席用英语进行交流沟通的能力，可检验选手的英语语言熟练度和准确度如何。那么如何应对即兴演讲呢？ 在定题演讲部分，我们讨论了衡量一篇演讲好坏的普遍原则。这些原则对所有类型的演讲都适用，即兴演讲也不例外。在做即兴演讲时，也要从以下四个方面着手：内容、结构、语言以及台上演讲风格等。

内容 在讨论即兴演讲的内容之前，先了解几个在近几年大赛即兴演讲中出现的题目。

Is marking western holidays a sign of a modern China or of traditions sacrificed to commercial interests Do you think university education should be more open-minded?

Are we becoming too susceptible to advertising?

Which qualities do you look for in a boyfriend?

If you were one representative of Peoples Congress, what advice would you give the government?

题目还有很多，这里就不一一列举了。通过这几个题目，大致可以看出即兴演讲的题目涉及方方面面，从经济、政治、教育、文化、人生到国际问题，包罗万象。这也是即兴演讲具有极强挑战性的原因之一。题目的范围之大之广对参赛选手提出了很高的要求。要求演讲者平时养成读书看报的习惯，关注周围发生的焦点问题和国际时事，积累各个领域的素材，以便谈论起某一个话题时言之有物，有的放矢；要求演讲者平时养成思考的习惯，多听不同的声音，从不同角度看问题，看问题有想法、有深度。这些都是赛前的准备工作，应多积累、丰富自己的知识内容，强化自己的观点。

那么在比赛当中，又该怎样具体应对呢？

正如前面所讲的，好的内容包括好的主题以及有说服力的材料做支持。在即兴演讲中，更要注意这两点。

1．强有力的材料做支持

正如前面讨论过的那样，论据的类型最基本可分为三种：实例、统计数字以及引用别人的言语。对于即兴演讲来说，现场能够找到恰当的统计数字是非常困难的。因此在即兴演讲时，引用别人的言语和用实例来证明是最常见的两种方式。那么应该选择哪种类型的例子来做论据呢？在比赛现场上进行即兴演讲时，最切实可行的、最容易做到的就是用自己或自己周围发生的例子来说明你的观点，信手拈来，不用绞尽脑汁，演讲起来最自如，最自信；这样做无形之中也强化了自己的可信度，比较容易打动听众。如在“21世纪(爱立信杯”2003年第8届全国英语演讲比赛中获得第二名的南京大学学生王媛在即兴演讲中是这样说的，“If indeed I had a chance to choose for my life again, I think the time setting I would choose is in the late 1970s and the early 1980s.That was when the Chinese government began to adopt the policy of reform and openness.And the place setting I would choose is in some places in the western part of China.Why? Let me share with you my reasons.Well, when I firstly saw this, errr, heard this topic, I think it reminded me of an experience a few years ago.I still clearly remember that, uhh, at that time, some fellow students and I went to visit a primary school in a very poor village and we were working as tutors there.There, all the classrooms were in a very old building and many windows and doors were broken, so, when it was raining, all the children had to move to a corner in order not to get wet.Inside the classroom, five to six children were sharing one desk normally shared by two and many of the desks and chairs were broken, too.And immediately after we began to teach them English, it became very clear to us that many of these students were very diligent and were very willing to work hard.But later on, as we talked among ourselves, we got to know that they, many of them, could not finish their schooling just because of poverty.I think that this experience enabled us to see that we belong to a few group of, a group of few people that are fortunately enough to receive a college education.”

这段演讲是她真情实感的流露，表达起来自如，而且自信，也容易和听众进行真正的交流。

在选择使用论据时，尤其是在竞赛当中，需要特别注意以下两个原则。

（1）演讲的支持材料要切题。

所选择的支持材料要为你的中心观点或主题服务，不能偏离这一点，不能跑题。记得一个学生在参加比赛时，抽到的即兴演讲题目是，“中国成为世界贸易组织的成员对于我们国家有什么主要影响？”她在演讲中讲了一个很长的故事，一个年轻人在海边拾贝壳，碰到了一个老人，以及和这个老人之间展开的对话。这个故事占了整个演讲的三分之二，然后很牵强地把这个故事和她抽到的题目联系在一起。尽管她的故事叙述得很流利，但在整个即兴演讲结束后，听众仍然不知她对这个问题的回答是什么？很显然，演讲者在赛前准备了几个故事，准备在即兴演讲时使用。的确，在赛前要做充分的准备，准备各个领域的数据、例子、权威专家的话等，做好充分的调研，以便在比赛中游刃有余。但切记你所选择的支持材料一定要与主题相关，为主题服务，能够帮助听众更加深入地了解你的观点，决不能哗众取宠。不切题的即兴演讲绝不会得高分。

（2）演讲的支持材料要贴近听众。

演讲的支持材料最好是听众熟悉的，贴近听众，不仅有利于听众理解、接受和吸收你的信息，而且容易产生共鸣。笔者作为辅导教师参加过多次的全国英语演讲比赛，在比赛中发现了一个很奇怪的现象。有很多学生举例子或引用别人的话时，往往愿意用国外的例子或国外名人说的话来支持他们的论点。学生也许有些许担心，“如果用土生土长的例子，外国评委可能会不知道，不了解背景，会影响他们对整个演讲的评判。”然而在一次比赛中，一位来自美国的演讲专家在做点评时说到，“不用担心我们会不了解，或听不懂。问题是作为一个外国人，我们在这里希望听到有关你们国家的人、事、思想、文化，而不是我们国家的名人如林肯、克林顿，他们说了什么，干了什么。”他一语道破了问题的关键，演讲者所说的要和你的听众拉近距离，讲一些本地发生的事情，发生的事情对听众产生了什么样的影响，用当地的文化、理念来解释你的观点，这样更容易在听众中产生共鸣。但并不是说就一定不能用国外的例子或观点。要全方位地选择论据，选择恰当的材料为你的观点服务。

在“21世纪(澳门之星杯”2006年第11届全国英语演讲比赛中复旦大学的胡懿在即兴演讲（Should laws be fixed or flexible?）中是这样说的，“Well, actually, very accidentally this morning, when we were sort of ”imprisoned“ in that preparing room, actually we had a fierce debate over law.And now I would like to share some of my thoughts with you on whether we should adopt flexible laws or fixed laws.Well, first of all, I admit that there are some cases of injustice in our society.For example, last year there was a famous case of Wang Bingyu, which aroused a great controversy in society.Actually Wang Bingyu was a migrant worker, who failed for several times to get his payment from his boss.And obviously that boss treated him very badly.He didnt send him to hospital when he was ill, and he didnt treat him with very good food and also made him make, do extra work without any extra money.And out of a rage, Wang killed several of the, several people in charge, out of a great rage.And that case aroused a great controversy in society.Actually when I read the story, I did show some sympathy for that guy, because I think it was the fault of the boss in the first place.It was him that didnt pay him the payment that he deserved.So I feel sympathetic for him.”

她讲述了一个在我国曾经轰动一时的案例，台下的听众可能听说过，也可能不知道这个故事，但这毕竟是发生在听众周围的，贴近听众，这样听众便会很容易理解演讲者所要传达的信息。

在一分钟的即兴演讲中，你用具体的事例来仔细阐述观点的时间可能非常受限。在这一分钟之内，你很可能只给出主要观点的框架，那么要想真正打动听众恐怕要依赖于主题和观点到底如何。

2．好的主题与观点

在前面谈过选择题目或角度时应遵循的一些具体原则，如：题目和角度一定是你有切身感触的；应该具有创造性，是听众感兴趣的；应该具体；应真实而有意义；所选择的观点或角度一定能经得起推敲和琢磨，是全面的。除了这些基本原则外，在比赛过程中处理即兴演讲时，还应该特别强调两点：切题和严谨。

（1）切题

切题最重要。一般而言，选手拿到的题目都是以问题的形式出现的。你需要表明在这个问题上的立场和观点，决不可以含糊其词，态度闪烁不定，站在中间，既谈好处又谈弊端。如果坚持这样，那么评委和听众就会认为你是在逃避，你的观点不明确，态度不明朗，那也就很难胜出。这点在CCTV杯演讲比赛中尤其重要，因为即兴演讲是为以后的辩论做准备。例如在2005年CCTV杯演讲比赛中，一位学生抽到的题目是, “Who should be the focus of investment in sports, the general population or potential Olympic champions?”当时他的回答是不偏不倚的，很显然二者都应该被照顾到，给予资金的扶持。但问题是，在这种情况下，他必须要做出选择，而不能徘徊于两者之间。否则，评委和听众就会怀疑你的态度和出发点，演讲效果自然也就大打折扣。

（2）观点的严谨性

观点不能偏激，一定要严谨。这里的严谨有以下几层意思。

* 观点本身能够站得住脚，有充足的材料可以说明论证。

* 表达观点的语言本身要严谨，准确，尽量避免绝对化的字眼，如 “never, every, all, nothing, nobody“等，这些绝对化判断太容易遭到攻击。

* 观点需要限制和修饰。要用发展性的眼光来处理你的观点。以上面那个题目来为例，如果既有大量资金扶持运动员又能让普通群众受益，那是最好的，但这是一种理想的画面。现实往往和理想有一段距离，现阶段没有足够的资金平衡二者的利益，答案又是什么呢？你可以有自己的看法和答案，但一定要有充足的论据支持。请注意：刚才我使用了现阶段三个字。这就意味着是用发展的眼光来看到问题，不仅要看到事物的现阶段，也要看到将来发展的方向——也就是期望得到的理想状态，即两类人群都会受益。

* 承认你的观点有修正和完善的余地。你的观点可能只是你目前认识的一个方面，或者是现阶段你的一种想法，它仍然有完善的余地

第三篇：如何用英语进行演讲

如何用英语进行演讲

I.英语成功演讲应掌握的十一个原则

1． Be knowledgeable and well prepared;deliver a good message to the audience 2． Engage the audience by maintaining close eye contact with them 3． Be loud, slow and articulate 4． Be confident and relaxed 5． Be humorous

6． Be passionate and aggressive 7． Be direct 8． Be good at acting 9． Think in English 10.Forget about your pronunciation!

11.Keep improving delivery;don't underestimate your potential!

II.中国驻新西兰大使陈明明2003年8月在新西兰中国恐龙展开幕式

上的讲话

Key message: Arouse public interest

Remarks at the Opening of the Chinese Dinosaurs Exhibition At the Otago Museum in Dunedin, August 29, 2003

My wife and I are delighted to come to Dunedin for the opening of the Chinese dinosaurs exhibition, and I wish to thank you, Mr.Paul, for your kind invitation.I first visited the Otago Museum during my trip to Dunedin last year and I was greatly impressed by its rich collection, particularly the section about the geological evolution of the Otago region.And I think it is just fitting that this wonderful exhibition on Chinese dinosaurs has its New Zealand opening at the Otago Museum.Some of you may know that the journey of the Chinese dinosaurs to New Zealand was not all smooth sailing.A burglar in Newcastle, Australia not only stole a precious dinosaur, but almost killed this exhibition.People in China became concerned about whether the exhibition should continue.But I believed that this exhibition should come to New Zealand.First, I have every confidence in the security for the exhibition in New Zealand.Secondly, this exhibition will provide a rare educational opportunity, and I believe that the New Zealand public and particularly the children should have that opportunity.So we intervened and made sure that the Chinese dinosaurs continued their journey to New Zealand.And I am so glad the exhibition is opening as scheduled.Ladies and Gentlemen, When we watch these towering and awe inspiring prehistoric animals, we cannot but marvel at the nature’s incredible power of creation that brought them into being.And I think that we the human race are lucky that we came to this world in a much later stage.As we pass along the dinosaurs, we are taken on a journey to the past, a journey that will greatly enrich our understanding of the evolution of life on this planet.More importantly, when we stand face to face with these extinct creatures, we are acutely reminded of the need to protect the endangered species that are disappearing at an alarming rate and to live in harmony with nature.I am sure you will agree with me that here lies the value of this exhibition.I hope you will enjoy visiting this exciting exhibition, and I am sure it will be remembered as a very successful and memorable event in the cultural exchanges between China and New Zealand.III.中国驻新西兰大使陈明明2002年3月

在中国旅游推介会上的讲话

Remarks at China Tourism Promotion Fair, March 5, 2002 Key message: promote China’s image I am very happy to address this audience as the Chinese Ambassador to your beautiful country, New Zealand.But today, I also speak to you in another capacity, as an unpaid marketing manager for China’s national tourist agency and the Chinese airlines represented here today.For all of you who are interested in China, today’s reception presents a rare opportunity to explore this ultimate tourist destination.Now why China? What special appeal does it hold? Well, China is special in several ways.First, it has breathtaking landscape not found elsewhere.Second, the hospitality of its people is renowned.But more importantly, China has a rich and splendid historical and cultural heritage blended with its enchanting scenery, and that is truly unique.Another equally important thing about China is that it is safe.It is just like New Zealand.No terrorist threats.So when you visit China, you will have a unique cultural experience.I promise it will be an enjoyable, relaxing, rewarding and exciting trip.You will not be disappointed by what you experience in China.Or your money back.Today, I have brought with me a charming young lady from the Chinese Embassy.She is a very capable visa officer at the Embassy, and she is more than happy to facilitate your travel to China.I guarantee prompt and efficient visa service and 100% approval rate.No application will be turned down.So I think all that is left for you to do is to start planning your travel to China, now.Spring is coming back to China, the country is full of life and vitality, and it is really a good time to go.Don’t miss the opportunity, and I do hope that you will have a great visit in China.

第四篇：演讲技巧

在优酷上找“成功人士的励志演讲”

俞敏洪励志演讲------跌倒了再爬起来 《方法总比困难多》励志演讲 马云 国际经典励志演讲

陈安之成功励志演讲

李燕杰演讲

第五篇：演讲技巧

演讲技巧

演讲技巧的道与术

演讲技巧，是演讲的道中之术。中国著名青年演讲家、政商界领导者私人演讲教练柏君老师曾经评论过演讲技巧。思想的崇高、使命感、高度、深度是演讲的道，所谓演讲能量的核心地基。而演讲技巧，是在地基基础上让演讲力量拔地而起的策略性。技巧的提升，需要重复大量的训练和复习才会不断将技术性的力量提升到艺术性。所以，演讲技巧，是演讲爱好者们必须学习和锤炼的技能。

美国著名演讲家罗杰斯说，演讲技巧是一切演讲的伴侣。多了不多，少了也不少。

演讲技巧一般认为有以下几点：

1.做好演讲的准备

包括了解听众，熟悉主题和内容，搜集素材和资料，准备演讲稿，作适当的演练等。

2.选择优秀的演讲者

优秀的演讲者包括下述条件：（1）足够的权威性；（2）演讲者具有较强的语音能力和技巧：（3）演讲者的热情；（4）演讲者的理智与智慧；

（5）演讲者的仪表状态

3.运用演讲艺术

包括开场白的艺术，结尾的艺术，立论的艺术，举例的艺术，反驳的艺术，幽默的艺术，鼓动的艺术，语音的艺术，表情动作的艺术等等，通过运用各种演讲艺术，使演讲具备两种力量：逻辑的力量和艺术的力量。

4.何谓善用空间的演讲

所谓空间就是指进行演说的场所范围、演讲者所在之处以及与听众间的距离等等。演说者所在之处以位居听众注意力容易汇集的地方最为理想。例如开会的时候、主席多半位居会议桌的上方、因为该处正是最容易汇集出席者注意力的地方。

反之，如果主席位居会议桌之正中央，则会议的进行情况会变如何呢？恐怕会使出席者注意力散漫了，且有会议冗长不休的感觉？因此，让自己位居听众注意力容易汇集之处，不但能够提升听众对于演讲的关注，甚至具有增强演说者信赖度权威感的效果。

5.演讲时的姿势如何

演说时的姿势（posture）也会带给听众某种印象，例如堂堂正正的印象或者畏畏缩缩的印象。虽然个人的性格与平日的习惯对此影响颇巨，不

过一般而言仍有方便演讲的姿势，即所谓“轻松的姿势”。要让身体放松，反过来说就是不要过度紧张。过度的紧张不但会表现出笨拙僵硬的姿势，而且对于舌头的动作也会造成不良的影响。

决窍之一是张开双脚与肩同宽，挺稳整个身躯。另一个决窍是想办法扩散并减轻施加在身体上的紧张情绪。例如将一只手稍微插入口袋中，或者手触桌边、或者手握麦克风等等。

6.演讲时的视线

在大众面前说话，亦即表示必须忍受众目睽睽的注视。当然，并非每位听众都会对你报以善意的眼光。尽管如此，你还是不可以漠视听众的眼光，避开听众的视线来说话。尤其当你走到麦克风旁边站立在大众面前的那一瞬间，来自听众的视线有时甚至会让你觉得刺痛。

克服这股视线压力的秘决，就是一面进行演讲；一面从听众当中找寻对于自己投以善意而温柔眼光的人。并且无视于那些冷淡的眼光。此外，把自己的视线投向强烈“点头”以示首肯的人，对巩固信心来进行演说也具有效果。

7.演讲时的脸部表情

演讲时的脸部表情无论好坏都会带给听众极其深刻的印象。紧张、疲劳、喜悦、焦虑、等情绪无不清楚地表露在脸上，这是很难藉由本人的意志来加以控制的。演讲的内容即使再精彩，如果表情总觉缺乏自信，老是畏畏缩缩，演讲就很容易变得欠缺说服力。

控制脸部的方法，首先“不可垂头”。人一旦“垂头”就会予人“丧气”之感，让听众觉得自己很不自信。而且若视线不能与听众接触，就难以吸引听众的注意。另一个方法是“缓慢说话”。说话速度一旦缓慢，情绪即可稳定，脸部表情也得以放松,再者，全身上下也能够为之泰然自若起来。

8.有关服饰和发型

服装也会带给观众各种印象。尤其是东方男性总是喜欢穿着灰色或者蓝色系列的服装，难免给人过于刻板无趣印象。轻松的场合不妨穿着稍微花俏一点的服装来参加。不过如果是正式的场合，一般来说仍以深色西服、男士无尾晚宴服（tuxedo)、以及燕尾服为宜。其次，发型也可塑造出各种形象来。长发和光头各自蕴含其强烈的形象，而鬓角的长短也被认为是个人喜好的表征。站出来演讲之际，你的服装、究竟带给对方何种印象？希望各位好好地思量一番。

9.声音和腔调

声音和腔调乃是与生俱来的，不可能一朝一夕之间有所改善。不过音质与措词对于整个演说影响颇巨，这倒是事实。根据某项研究报告指出声音低沉的男性比声音高亢的男性，其信赖度较高。因为声音低沉会让人有种威严沉着的感觉。尽管如此，各位还是不可能马上就改变自己的声音。

总之，重要的是让自己的声音清楚地传达给听众。即使是音质不好的人，如果能够禀持自己的主张与信念的话，依旧可以吸引听众的热切关注。说话的速度也是演讲的要素。为了营造沉着的气氛，说话稍微慢点是很重要。标准大致为5分钟三张左右的A4原稿，不过，此地要注意的是，倘若从头至尾一直以相同的速度来进行，听众会睡觉的。

10.与观众互动

演讲时要注意与观众互动，这样可以渲染场上的氛围，增强感染力！

二、演讲的特点和要求

1.演讲的特点

-针对性

-真实性

-论辩性

-鼓动性

-艺术性

◆学——学问、知识结构。

◆识——认识能力，即敏锐的观察力，丰富的想象力和联想力，较强的记忆力

◆气质——仪表、姿态、举止、风度

l 信息：演讲活动赖以进行的物质手段，联系主体和客体的纽带。– “讲”的信息（主）– “演”的信息（辅）

l 听众：演讲活动的客体，演讲不可缺少的有机组成部分。听众的作用：– 能动地接收演讲信息– 对演讲产生信息反馈

1.演讲的含义:

-广义的演讲：凡是以多数人为听众进行的讲话，都可以叫演讲。-狭义的演讲：特指在公众场合就某问题或某事件发表自己见解的一种口语形式。借助有声语言和态势语言，面对广大听众说明事理、发表意见、抒发感情，从而达到感召听众的一种口语表达方式。

2.演讲必备的条件

– 演讲者：演讲活动的主体，信息的发源地。

· 演讲者的修养： 理论修养 品德修养 学识修养 气质修养

3.演讲的种类

l 从内容分：政治演讲 学术演讲 管理演讲 交际演讲

l 从形式分：命题演讲 即兴演讲 论辩演讲

l从风格分：激昂型 深沉型 严谨型 活泼型

演讲技巧的注意事项

开场白很重要，但是不适应太长，重点是抛出问题或激发兴趣。站起来讲，时刻面对听众而不是屏幕，照顾到整个会议室。

需要观察听众对你所讲内容的反映，激发听众的兴趣，保持他们的注意力。

语音和语调都很重要，该快则快，该重则重，该停顿处则适当停顿。和听众的交互需要，但是不适合太多，特别是对于演讲的时候。

手势和小动作都不应该太多，而且肢体动作要注意和所讲内容的配合。小方法： 演讲的心态如何保持技巧

演讲是一个锻炼的过程，没有哪一个新手一下子就能演讲得非常出色，下面我介绍一些演讲的实战技巧：

1、一四二深呼吸法。

很多朋友都知道紧张时可以用深呼吸，但很多朋友都会说深呼吸没什么用，其实深呼吸是有用的，只不过我们很多人都没有用好深呼吸这个技巧，或者说不知道做深呼吸，结果导致越呼吸越紧张。给大家提供一种简单的深呼吸方法：一四二深呼吸法。

“一四二”讲是的时间，吸气用一个单位的时间，屏气用四个单位的时间，吐气再用两个单位的时间，这个深呼吸方式，就叫一四二深呼吸法，一般一个单位时间为一秒钟。用这种方式，一般都能很好的克服我们的紧张。

2、转移注意力法。

进行口腔运动，放松面部肌肉。可以进行搓、搓脸、合口左右撅唇、转唇、双唇打响、弹唇、左右顶腮、转舌、张嘴打嘟、做鬼脸等等一系列口腔运动，来转移自己的注意来，从而来突破自己的紧张感。

3、不写发言稿，写提纲。

很多朋友会密密麻麻把完整的一篇演讲向写下来，然后再去背，到开始要演讲时，就会开始紧张，怕自己会忘稿，越是紧张就越会忘，越是忘记就越紧张。所以无忧演讲系统不建议大家写完整的发言稿，而是写提纲。把自己要讲的几个要点写在一张小纸条上，然后想想每一点自己大概要讲些什么，就可以了。这样不会忘稿，因为根本就没有发言稿，也不会不知道自己要讲什么。

4、手捏一个小东西或推墙，释放压力。

很多时候紧张无法平静下来，是因为没有地方去释放自己的这种紧张压力，所以如果上台实在要紧张，也可以尝试在手中捏一个小物品，当自己很紧张时，就用力捏它，把自己的压力全都释放掉。推墙也是同样的道理，属于一种压力的释放。

5、练习练习再练习、准备准备再准备（车上、路上）

之前有位学员跟我讲，老师我真的上台太紧张了，你教教我怎么办。我就问他“每次上台讲话前你有没有准备过呢？”他说“没有，太忙了，根本没有时间准备。”我说：“那不紧张才怪了，没有准备就上台，谁都会很紧张，所以你要做的是准备充分后再上台。”

很多学员都会说，平时公司事务忙，真的没时间去准备或练习发言内容。其实并不是真的没时间，而是不知道如何去很好的利用时间。比如前段时间我在上海做培训，每次一坐上火车，我就开始演讲练习了“全世界最优秀的伙伴们，大家下午好！„„”到了上海南站后，然后要坐地铁，一站上地铁我就又开始了“全世界最优秀的伙伴们，大家下午好！„„”，当然我不发出声，只是在心里默默的念，到了会场后，大概还有一个小时，我坐在后台休息室，我就又开始了“全世界最优秀的伙伴们，大家下午好！„„”，这就样，那一天在演讲开始之前，我就至少练过三次了。其实平时这样练习的机会很多，可能大家公众发言的时间是5-10分钟，那只要有这个空隙时间，就可以练习。

练习得多了，上台自然就不会紧张了。

6、找支持你的眼光。

当我们站在台上发言，总会有一些支持的眼光和不支持的眼光，这时如果我们感觉内心紧张，就去多看看支持我们的眼光，看着他们对自己那种支持的眼光，可想而知自己讲得不错，于是就越讲越有劲，结果真的比预想中要讲得好得多。

7、适当提高音量。

在自己公众演讲过程中，适当的提高自己说话的音量，也能在一定程度上克服自己的紧张感。

8、建立自信心锚。

在我们生活的周围，有许多东西当我们一看见，便会油然兴起各种不同的心情。像这种能刺激产生特别感觉的东西，不管它是好是坏，我们称之为心锚。

心锚有的深奥，有的浅显，它可能是一句话、几个字、一个动作或一个东西，让我们或看、或听、或想、或嗅、或尝，在一眨眼间改变我们内心里的感觉。这也就是为何一看见国旗，我们便迅速感受到强烈的国家民族情感，因为它上面的颜色及图案跟这种情感紧密地联系在一起。

我们可以为自己克服紧张建立心锚，想像自己非常的自信，让自已感觉充满了力量，然后默默对自己说“我就是最棒的！”，然后再不断地重复这个过程，起到自己只要默默对自己说一声“我就是最棒的！”自己马上立刻就会充满自信，充满力量。

9、只要有上台练习的机会，就立刻冲上舞台。

平时工作生活中，可能也会有一些在公众前讲话的机会，有时是可讲可不讲的，我们要记住：只要有练习的机会，就立刻冲上舞台！这次不是

为了讲好，而是为了在关键时刻能够讲得很好！台上一分钟，台下十年功，没有付出过十倍的努力，就不要奢望上台有好的表现。

演讲的手势

手势语言有多种复杂的含义，一般可分四类，表达演讲者的情感，使其形象化、具体化的手势为情意手势，也叫感情手势。表示抽象的意念的手势叫象征手势。模形状物，给听众一种具体、形象感觉的手势叫形象手势，也称图示式手势。指示具体对象的手势称为指示手势。

有人总结，常见的演讲手势有上举、下压和平移等几类，各类中又分单手、双手两种。每种又可以作拳式、掌式、屈肘翻腕式等。手向上、向前、向内往往表达希望、成功、肯定等积极意义的内容。手向下、向后、向外，往往表达批判、蔑视、否定等消极意义的内容。

如空中劈掌表示“坚决果断”，手指微摇表示“蔑视”活“无所谓”，双手摊开表示“无可奈何”等等。右手紧握拳头从上劈下表达愤慨、决心。讲话的手势大有讲究，但不是靠闭门造车“设计”出来的，而是在讲坛上，随着演说的内容、听众的情绪、场上的气氛，在演讲者情感的支配下，自然而然“喷射”出来的。至于选择单式手势还是复式手势，则要看内容的要求，会场的大小，听众的多少，表情达意的强弱而定。

手势语言没有固定的模式，没有规定的角度，不受先人的制约，也无需“导演”的引发。它象体操动作一样，绝不是用一个模子套出来的，它需要自己创造。

但对于初学者总会有一个模仿的过程，如听演讲、看电影时，注意揣摩，作点“积累”，这样在演讲时就可以顺手拈来了。