第一篇：英语阅读理解教学心得体会
英语阅读理解教学心得体会
红石学校
郑红梅
我们知道初中英语阅读理解在中考中占有相当重的比例，不难看出这是社会发展的必然，也是新时代对中学生提出的要求。新教材的不断改进，英语教师应以新的教学方法去培养学生的阅读理解能力。根据几年的英语教学实践，我认为初中英语阅读教学应从以下几点做起。
一、设计兴趣情境理解课文内容
“兴趣是最好的老师”兴趣是学生学好英语的一项重要保证。为了更好地完成英语阅读教学中每一课的教学任务，在教学之前，我尝试着围绕课文内容设计与之密切相关的能引起学生学习兴趣的练习题，让学生以这些练习题为引导，教师以轻松明快的节奏创设出快速度通读课文的教学情境，引发学生对英语阅读的学习兴趣，这其间选择重点内容让学生进一步理解，以利于获得更好的学习英语课文的信息，对下一步的英语阅读教学任务作好铺垫。教学中也可使用的现代化教学设备如：投影片、多媒体计算机等，充分发挥了它们拥有的效能，吸引了同学们的注意力，调节了课堂上枯燥、乏味的气氛，学习英语的兴趣会越发浓厚起来，他们的英语阅读能力得到了较大的提高。
二、强化英语阅读教学中语言的训练
英语语言素材积累的不够，在交际中会造成尴尬的局面。那么怎样解决英语语言素材积累的不够的遗憾呢？这就需要中学生从阅读中进行积累，也要求英语教师进行强化英语阅读教学中语言的训练，语言积累多了交际能力也就提高了。在阅读中，我引导学生以前面的练习题为教学语境去理解词语的意思，由原来的逐词阅读变为句子阅读，近而抓住课文的主要语句，串讲课文并要求学生复述，使学生在学习中获得实际运用语言的本领。
三、培养学生的自学能力
自学能力对初中学生来讲不是不可拥有的能力，教学中，我鼓励学生用不同的自学方法进行尝试性自学，用适合学生自己特点的自学方法去掌握阅读的方法同时，使用自己的语言及同学们容易理解的方式来对阅读材料进行讲解。这样一段时间下来，学生的阅读理解能力得到了提高，自学能力有了相应的进步，当然语言表达能力也在加强。
四、运用互动教学方式提高学生英语阅读能力
首先，教师要大家默读一段课文，然后结合这段课文，向大家明确地示范如何抓住课文的主题做总结，如何围绕课文的中心意思提出问题，指出需要注意的词组和句型，以及如何预测下文的内容。在教师示范之后，学生就下一段课文来练习使用这些理解策略。教师安排学生轮流做“小老师”，在大家默读完一段课文后，这个“小老师”要象教师那样带着大家讨论和分析课文的内容，包括就课文内容提出合适的问题要大家回答，总结此段课文的主要内容，澄清难词、难句的意思，以及预测下文内容等。其他学习者以各种形式参与到讨论中来，包括：（1）对其他学生的总结做详细的解释或评价；（2）回答问题并就课文内容提出其它问题；（3）评价别人对课文内容所做的预测；（4）就自己不清楚的内容请教别人，要求他们给予明确的解释；（5）帮助他人解除对课文的误解，等等。所有这些都是在学习。
五、阅读中渗透作文教学
大纲指出：“在英语作文教学中要引导学生把从阅读中学到的基本功应用到自己的作文中去。”这就是说，从阅读中学作文，学生理清了课文的思路，训练就要深化。从缩写到仿写，从仿写到创作举一到反三，从课内向课外延伸，从而完成了知识的迁移。这样枯燥的麻烦的学生恐惧的作文训练，就融在了阅读的学习之中。
第二篇：英语阅读理解
阅读理解。Arthur Miller(1915-2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“ Great American Dream”.However, he experienced severefinancial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s.Millers' s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the Americansystem, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth.Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business thereis no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to whatto do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of February10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.阿瑟·米勒（1915-2005）是举世公认的最伟大的剧作家之一20世纪。米勒的父亲已经从奥地利匈牙利移居美国，绘制像许多其他的“伟大的美国梦”。不过，他经历了严重的当他的家族企业是毁在了大萧条时期的经济困难早l930s。?米勒最著名的发挥，推销员之死，是美国强大的攻击系统凭借其积极的做生意的方式及其对金钱和社会的坚持地位，价值的指标。在威利·洛曼，剧中的主人公，我们看到谁拥有一个男人钻进他的身价麻烦。威利被“烧毁”，并在企业的残酷世界里没有空间感悟：如果他不能做的工作，那么他是没有好他的雇主，瓦格纳公司，他必须去。威利痛苦地意识到了这一点，并在无所适从做他的缺乏成功。他不肯面对事实，他已经失败，杀死自己到底。?当它在1949年首次上演，该剧是迎接热情的评论，和它赢得了托尼奖最佳戏剧，纽约戏剧批评家奖，并普利策戏剧奖。这是第一次发挥赢得所有这三个重要奖项。?米勒在他的家在罗克斯伯里，康涅狄格死于心脏衰竭，对日晚10,2005，在百老汇推销员之死的首场演出56周年。1.Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA?______ A.He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B.He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”.C.He hoped to make his son a dramatist.D.His family business failed.2.The play Death of a Salesman _______.A.exposes the cruelty of the American business world B.discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C.talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D.focuses on the skills in doing business 3.What can we learn about Willy Loman? A.ded as a hero by his colleagues.4.What is the text mainly about?______ A.Arthur Miller and his family..The awards Arthur Miller won.C.The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.D.Arthur Miller and his best-known play.答案：BACD阅读理解。
When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car.Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation(住所).I suggested that they should stay at 'bed and breakfast' houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family.My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.“We didn't stay at bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we found that mostfamilies were away on holiday.” I thought this was strange.Finally I understood what had happened.My friends spoke little English, and they thought 'VACANCIES' meant 'holidays', because the Spanish word for 'holidays' is 'vacaciones'.So they did not go to house where the sign outside said 'VACANCLES', which in English means there are free rooms.Then my friends went to house where the sign said 'NO VACANCLES', because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday.But they found that these houses were all full.As a result, they stayed at hotels!We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs.In Spanish, the word 'DIVERSION' means fun.In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road.When my friends saw the word 'DIVERSION' on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun.Instead, the road ended in a large hold.English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages.Once in Paris, when someone offered me some more coffee, I said “Thank you” in French.I meant that I would like some more.However, to my surprise, the coffee pot was taken away!Later I found out that “Thank you” in French means “No, thank you.”当我住在西班牙，我的一些西班牙朋友决定去英国的车程。在他们离开之前，他们问我的意见如何找到住宿（住所）。我建议他们应该留在“床和早餐”的房子，因为这种住宿给外国游客的好机会讲英语的家庭。我的朋友听了我的意见，但他们带回来一些有趣的故事。“我们没有停留在床和早餐的房子，”他们说，“因为我们发现，大多数家庭外出度假。“我认为这是奇怪的。我终于明白发生了什么事。我的朋友说话一点英语，他们认为'空缺'的意思'假期'，因为西班牙语单词对于“假期”是“ vacaciones ”。因此，他们没有去房子里的符号表示外“ VACANCLES '，这在英文的意思是有免费的客房。然后我的朋友去房子里的牌子上写着“ NO VACANCLES '，因为他们认为这意味着人们谁拥有房子并没有外出度假。但他们发现，这些房子都是全部爆满。因此，他们住在酒店！我们笑了一下，并约在阅读其他标志犯了错误我的朋友。在西班牙语，单词“引水”是指fun.In英语，这意味着工人是修复道路，你必须采取不同的road.When我的朋友看到这个词上一个路标“引水”，他们认为他们将不得不fun.Instead，道路在一个大抱结束。英国人也有问题，当他们学习外语。一次在巴黎，当有人给我一些更多的咖啡，我说法语“谢谢”。我的意思是我想多一些。然而，出乎我的意料，咖啡壶被抢走了！后来我发现在法语中的意思是“谢谢你” “不，谢谢你。”
1.My Spanish friends wanted advice about _____.[ ] A.learning English
B.finding places to stay in England
C.driving their car on English roads
D.going to England by car 2.'NO VACANCIES' in English means _____.[ ] A.no free rooms
B.free rooms
C.not away on holiday
D.holidays 3.When someone offered me more coffee and I said “Thank you” in French, I _____.[ ] A.didn't really want any more coffee
B.wanted them to take the coffee pot away C.really wanted some more coffee
D.wanted to express my politeness 4.I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I _____.[ ] A.hadn't finished drinking my coffee B.was expecting another cup of coffee C.meant that I didn't want any more D.was never misunderstood 答案：BACB
An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to（归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service.A.spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.Professor john Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecture at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures-which are open to students from all departments—were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it.One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He added.University applications rose 7% last year.But there were rises above average in several subjects.Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in caters in the pubic sector（部门）, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A.recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”
在学生申请学习经济学，大学增加被归因于（归因于）全球经济危机唤醒公众对知识的渴求对金融系统是如何工作的。申请学位课程开始今年秋季分别增长15 ％今年一月，根据UCAS，大学及院校招生事务处。A.发言人皇家经济学会说应用在A级从事经济学研究也上升。约翰比思教授，社会的总裁和圣安德鲁斯大学的领导讲课，说他的第一年的讲座，这是开放给学生来自各个部门，都绘制的400人群，而不是通常的250。?“有大量的学生谁不是经济学专业的学生，谁愿意了解一些有关它的。有一件事我今年做的是与我的教学的方式，一句都没有做传统的当代事件。“他补充说。大学申请去年同期上涨了7 ％。但有几个学科上升到高于平均水平。护士看到了一个15 ％的涨幅，在迎合在耻骨界人士的新的兴趣（部门），这被看作是在经济危机更安全。答：最近的研究表明，几乎三分之二的家长认为学校应该做更多的讲授财务问题的学生，几乎一半的人说他们的孩子曾问他们发生了什么事，虽然父母的少数觉得他们不理解自己不够好来解释。扎克霍金，儿童信托基金的负责人说： “这可能是从低迷到出现一个好处将是这一代人的经济更聪明，更有能力通过经济不稳定时期来管理他们的钱。”
71.Professor John Beath’s lectures are.A.given in a traditional way B.connected with the present situation C.open to both students and their parents D.warmly received by economics 72.Incomes in the public sector are more attractive because of their.A.greater stability B.higher pay C.fewer applications D.better reputation 73.in the opinion of most parents.A.eccentrics should be the focus of school teaching B.more students should be admitted to universities C.the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened.D.children should solve financial problems themselves 74.According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters.A.wiser in money management B.have access to better equipment C.confide about their future careers D.get jobs in Child Trust Funds 75.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.Universities have received more applications.B.Economics is attracting an increasing numbers students C.college students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty D.parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.答案 71.B 72.A 73.C 74.A 75.B
第三篇：英语阅读理解（定稿）
In the early 1990s,the word”Internet”was strange to most people.But today,Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world.Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类）
Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster.We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world.We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute.Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet.We can use search engines to find the information we need.Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at.We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games,visiting chat rooms or surfing（浏览）websites.There are some games for free.We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now.We can also listen to music and see films.Now ,there is a lot of service on the Internet such as online banking ,job finding and ticket buying.We can also do shopping and find nearly all kinds of goods.Sometimes we can find something that is quite good but very cheap.26.How many main advantages of the Internet are talked about in the passage?
A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.27.What fact doesn‟t the passage provide?
A.We can find almost anything we want to know on the Internet.B.Some games on the Internet are free.C.We can buy most things we need on the Internet.D.Goods on the Internet are more expensive than those in real shops.28.Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?
A.Online Shopping
B.Exchanging Information on the Internet
C.The Advantages of the Internet
D.Surfing the Websites on the Internet
You want to know about my staying inAmerica,right?Well,to tell you the truth,it is
really an eye-opening experience study here.In China,I had English classes five times a week since fifth grade.However,I didn‟t
know how different textbook English could be from everyday English until I came to
Hotchkiss School,Conmecticut.When I first studied English,I was told to say, “I am fine.”when people say “How are
you ?”But in the US,I found that people say, “I am good.”or “Ilm tired.”
One day ,someone greeted me with “What‟s up ?”It ,made me confused.I thought for
a moment and then smiled because I didn‟t know what to say.Sincethen,I have discovered more and more differences between Chinese and US
cultures.China ,girls try every possible way to get their skin paler,or “whiter.”
I alsosurprised by how hard-working.US students are.In China,schoolwork is
almost everything ,so we study hard and that‟ it.But here,a “good”student gets good
grades,does a lot for the public and plays sports or music.The kids here are so talented ,I am starting to be sorry that I gave up playing the piano
at an early age and that I have never thought about sports.61.According to the writer,textbook English is _________everyday English.A.quite different fromB.the same asC.more difficult than
62.What does the word “tan ”in the sixth paragraph mean in Chinese?
A晒黑B晒白C 能量
63.A good US student spends his/her time ________.A.only in doing homework
B.only on sports or music
C.on studies ,sports or music and public work
64.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.The writer is now in US.B.American girls love to have white skin.C.US students are talented and hard-working.65.Which is the best title for the passage?
A.My Own Travel in the US
B.My Studying in the US
C.My Opinion about the US
People often say that the Englishman‟s home is his castle.They mean that the home is very important and personal to him.Most people in Britain live in houses ratherthan flats,and many people own their homes.This means that they can make them individual（个体的）;they can paint them,and change them in any way they like.Most house have a garden,even if it is a very small one,and the garden is usually loved.The house and the garden are the private（私人的）space of the individual.People usually like to mark their space.Are you sitting now in your home or on a train?have you marked the space around yourself as your?If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you.If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.Once I was travelling on a train to London.I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us.The man on the space on my side of the table at all.I was angry.Maybe he thought that he owned the whole table.I had read a book about non-verbal communication,so I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his briefcase!When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped(瞪出)out of his head.I had invaded(侵犯)his space!A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them.He immediately moved his case to his side ofthe table.Of course,it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me!
If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don‟t have any private space.Hotel rooms look much the same in every country in the world.All day long ,you share public spaces with o ther pople.You see the local people in their private spaces and.Local people can create their private spaces by talking about things you don‟t know about.And you even feel that they like you to be outside one of the difficulties of being a traveler!But if you understand it then it helps you.Haven‟t you enjoyed being part of a group and “owning”a bit of space?
41.The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because______.A.he had no place to sitB.someone had invaded his “space”
C.too many people shared a section with him
D.some other people talked about things he didn‟t know about
42.“… ‟”in paragraph 4 means that_______.A.you are alone outside the house
B.you feel lonely because you travel on your own
C.you are alone and therefore you go outside to have some fun
D.you feel lonely and you don‟t belong to that place or that group of people
43.In Paragraph 4 ,the pronoun “（所指）“___________”.A.public spacesB.private spacesC.local peopleD.other countries
44.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.British people dislike marking their space.B.You always feel at home in another country.C.Most British people prefer living in houses to flats.D.You can‟t mark your private space in a foreign country.45.Tha main purpose of the passage is to tell readers to _______.A.own private spaces by living in houses
B.have one corner of their own in public places
C.realize the importance of “space”in communication
D.create their private spaces by talking with local people
When I was a foreign teacher in China,every day I taught English to my students and they taught me about China.One day the topic turned to saying “I love you”.I was shocked to learn that not one of my students had saidthis to their mothers,nor had their mothers said it to them.“Does your mom love you?” “Of course ,”they answered.“How do you know ?”was my logical question.They responded that their mons cooked and always toldthem what they were doing wrong to showtheir caring.I was stunned.So mon‟s cooking and criticzing read out as “I love you ”.“Then how do you say „I love you ‟to her?”They agreed that getting good gradws,followed by god jobs would be how they showed their love.I come from a culture where most people are expressive enough,so I repeated these queries in classes over time.Gradually,I began to get different response.Some of them had exchanged those sentiments with their moms.One of my favorite stories of change came from a girl.When she came home from university,her mother met her at the door and hugged（拥抱）her.This had never happened before,but her mom said, “Now that you have gone I have more time to myself.I noticed that in some places mothers and children hug each other and I decided it was a good idea and that I would begin hugging you.”
In my family we all say “I love you”a lot.While it is true that we often say the words without having great depth of feelings at that moment,it is almost like a blessing we give each other.Those three little words carry a world of meaning ,even when said as a greeting,but most especially if they are the last words we say to or hear from those we love.52.The foreign teacher_______.A.comes from AmericaB.is a young woman
C.is expressive enoughD.knows much about China
53.Chinese people prefer to show love by________.A.saying “I love you”B.cooking
C.getting good gradesD.doing something helpful;
54.In paragraph 4,what‟s the real meaning of the mom‟s hugging?
A.She is meeting her daughter at the door.B.She loves her daughter and misses her.C.She is glad that she has more timeto herself
D.She finds it interesting to hug her daughter.55.What‟s the main idea of the passage?
A.Say “I love you”more to your family.B.Say “I love you ”a lot to Chinese people.C.Say “I love you ”as a greeting to others.D.Say “I love you ”without great depth of feelings.Every year there is a Spring Festival in China.Usually it is in January or February.It is the most important festival in China.So before it comes，everyone has to prepare things.They buy pork，beef，chicken，fruits and many other things.And they often make a special kind of food—“dumplings”.It means “come together”.On the day before the festival，parents buy new clothes for their children.Children also buy presents for their parents.On the Spring Festival Eve（除夕），all the family members come back to their hometown.This is a happy moment.Some sing and dance，some play cards and others get the dinner ready.When they enjoy the meal，they give each other the best wishes for the coming year.They all have a good time.
26.Which is the most important festival in China?
A.The Mid-Autumn Festival.B.The Spring Festival. C.Children‟sDay.
27.When is the Chinese Spring Festival usually celebrated?
A.In March or April.B.In May or June.C.In January or February.
A.ChickenB.DumplingC.Fish
29.What‟s the meaning of the food “dumplings” for Chinese people in the Spring Festival?
A.Look up.B.Help yourself.C.Come together.
30.The family
A.give each other the best wishes
B.buy each other presents
C.sing，dance and play cards
第四篇：小学英语阅读理解教学之我见
小学英语阅读理解教学之我见
摘要： 一线教师在新课程的指引下，一直在努力追求“有效、高效”的课堂，然而从我们的常态课来看，我们可以发现，两者相差很远。在文中，笔者从常态的小学英语阅读教学以及各级以阅读教学为主题的教研活动中发现，阅读课教学在小学英语课程中的问题尤为突出。阅读的各个方面都渗透着新课程标准对学生阅读理解能力的要求，例如阅读的选材和难度，词汇要求，语篇结构还有题目的设置等。然而就大多数的小学生的能力都比较低，无论是判断能力，还是推理能力，亦或是总结能力。对于英语教师来说，怎样有效地进行英语阅读阅读理解教学十分棘手。所以，分析小学生英语阅读阅读理解的现状有利于提高学生的阅读效率，还能培养学生的阅读能力。
关键词：阅读教学 自主感悟，阅读理解
一、阅读理解的涵义及其影响因素
可能影响到学生阅读理解水平的因素：第一，学生的特征。它具体包括很多因素，总的来说有学生的动机和性别以及其知识水平，如背景知识、词汇知识和元认知知识。其中，个体的词汇和元认知知识会严重影响到学生的阅读水平。第二，文本特征。在作者看来，一篇好文章除了要紧凑，还要连贯性好。因为紧凑性强和连贯性好的文章才可以真正激起学生的背景知识，有利于学生对文章进行理解。第三，社会背景。它具体包括学生进行阅读时所处在的环境相关，例如社会和历史背景，教室环境，教师对哲学的信仰还有学生的文化背景等都会在一定程度上影响到学生的阅读理解能力。
二、引导学生对阅读理解的方法
（一）初步阅读文本
课前的充分预习可以提高学习效率。因此，要努力培养课前预习的好习惯，进行初步感悟。笔者之所以能在长期的英语教学中坚持下来，其中一个好办法就是坚持让学生做好课前预习的准备，规定学生备好自己的预习阅读文本，在讲新课之前预习好，记录下与文本内容相关的知识点、资料或者预习过程中的收获和疑惑，这样可以为讲新课时的深入学习做好准备。同样事实也证明了，在阅读教学方面，如果学生在课前能够做好充分的预习工作，对文本的内容了解得比较透彻，那么他在课堂上就会表现得很活跃，附有很强的阅读理解能力。
举个例子来说，当阅读这样一篇文章时：Excuse me.You are sitting in my seat.这是一个来源于生活中的小故事，主要讲述的是，一个叫“金”的小男孩在第一次乘坐火车远行的时候，当面临被陌生人抢了座位时如何进行维权。全
文上下都以对话的形式表达，并且角色的变化以对白的转换来表现出来。例如，从一开始“金”和他哥哥“林”离别时对话演变到火车上和陌生人之间的对话。
除了对话形式明显以外，该阅读材料的描述性文字比较多，笔者建议在学生之前，首先应该先激活他们的背景知识，这样可以引导学生有目的地进行阅读。其次，由于词汇的分布比较分散，并且贯穿于全文之中，这样要求教师指导学生把对话文本处理成情景，这样有助于学习词汇，有利于提高学生对文本的理解能力。第三，基于该阅读材料以对话形式来表达，因此学生对对话文本中的信息进行处理并且提炼出从中的问题，有利于学生总结出文章的主旨。第四，由于该阅读材料的对话贯穿全文，所以学生要在理解主旨的同时，结构文章的对话从而获得细节性的信息。最后，该文本的描述性语言比较多对话比较多，于是学生要结合他们所学的词汇和阅读所得到的信息，反复巩固，以此方式来处理文本并回归文本，从而为以读促写做好充分的准备。
（二）解读文本的大意
对于论说性的段落，阅读的时候应该抓住段落的主题句。凡是论说性的文章，一般来说，一段会有一个中心思想，它贯穿了全段。关键是抓主题句。一般情况下，主题句都会出现在以下三个地方：第一，由于材料作者在段落开头先用一句话概括了本段的内容，于是主题句可能会出现在段落的开头。第二，可能出现在具有画龙点睛作用的段尾。第三，可能是能够统领全段的处于段落中间的一句话。因此，在阅读的过程中，应该通过有效的途径来增强寻找中心句的意识并提高其能力。
然而对于描绘性的段落，就需要用到形象思维。作者在描绘性段落之中主要是为了刻画一个人物形象或描绘一个物体。阅读叙述性段落的时候，就要把握叙述的要素。叙述性段落主要用于记载和述说人物的活动以及事件的经过，清楚交代人物和事件的基本情况。于是，学生在阅读的时候，就要把握好时间、地点、人物、时间和原因以及后果等要素，尽量把自己置身于不断变化的生活场景之中。然而很多情况下，不是每一段都有其明确的主题句的，因此对于这种没有主题句的段落，就需要学生自己来概括了。
针对文本描述性语言多对话多的特点，笔者着重对文本中暗含的信息进行了解读，寻求事情发展的线索，总结出相关的问题，对学生的快速阅读(fast reading)进行进一步的指导，从而有利于学生总结出文章的主旨。
Teacher：Before you have a fast reading, here are some questions for you.1.How old was Lin? 2.What was it like on the train? 3.Who has got the right ticket? 4.What was the young man like? 5.Who helped Lin? 6.What did the young man do in Lin’s seat do in the end? 这些问题的设计是在贯穿整个事件的基础上进行的，因此，这些问题往往被称为问题链。由于这些问题设置得难度适中，因此学生在进行快速阅读的时候，可以很快找到需要的答案。当把这些答案联系起来，故事的情节就出来了，于是这样的阅读环节可以使得学生能够成功获得文章主旨。一般情况下，笔者在进行阅读教学的过程中，都会学生的阅读策略进行指导。比如指导学生如何在文章开头找主旨或者如何在段落开头找中心句等等。然而因为该文本的描述性语言多和对话多，因此，这把问题的设计显得很有效。回答问题，有利于学生获得小故事的基本要素，这些基本要素是故事发展的基础，构建了故事发展的框架。在笔者看来，问题链会始终贯穿于疏松的对话文本中，这样使得学生不但关注阅读文本的语言形式，由于问题间具有紧凑性，于是还能随着问题间的相关性来完成整体的阅读，从而不被文本的特点所影响阅读的速度。
（三）评价激励解读文本
只有教学评价能起到作用，才能让学生焕起自主感悟动力。每个学生都是个体，会存在差异的，例如，善于表现、勇于发表自己的观点是外向型学生；而内向型的学生虽然思维敏捷、解读能力强，但往往会缺乏自信。因生活经历、阅读方式、阅读态度、阅读情感的种种不同，这使学生的阅读理解能力有着千差万别，所以因材施教对教师是很重要的。要增强内向学生的自信，在难度小的问题让解读能力差的学生回答，并及时给予积极的评价和正确的指导。而难度大的问题则交给解读能力强的学生，并让他们介绍自己解读文本的方法。教师更需要鼓励那些不善表达、性格内向的学生，让他们有更多发现自己的机会。在课堂上点燃智慧的引导、有价值的深入追问、充满激情的鼓励与评价是教师的使命，做到以上，能让学生对文本的解读走向准确、深刻。
结论
在英语阅读课中，只有对课堂的有效性进行彻底探索，以及真正落实在阅读及阅读教学过程，才能让学生成为主导力，让他们有足够的课堂阅读时间，指导他们走进文本。那如何才能学生利益更多？从老师的角度看，教师只有多视角解读文本、全方位分析教材，才真正地给学生充足的时间回归到文本之中才能充分提升学生的阅读能力，实在收获阅读技巧和策略、语言水平、文化体验，有效的阅读课堂才能达成。
参考文献
[1]《中国英语教学》（Teaching English in China）(简称TEIC)由外语教学与研究出版社和英国大使馆文化教育处(Cultural and Education Section, British Embassy)联合出版
[2]滕大春主编《外国教育通史》（第六卷），山东教育出版社，1994年版 [3]金含芬著《国外中小学教育》，中国科学技术出版社，1991年出版 [4]赵昌木：《美国教学方法改革的经验》，载《比较教育研究》，1994年第6期
[5]R.Pearden:Theory and Practice in Education.Routhedge kegan Paul Ple,London University,New york,1986
1984 [6]D.Walke and J.Soltis:Curriculum and Aims.TeachersCollege Columbia
第五篇：教学反思 - 英语阅读理解（最终版）
英语阅读教学反思
高中英语阅读教学涉及到的不仅是阅读能力的培养,也牵动着学习者的注意力、观察力、毅力及兴趣、动机、情感等众多心理素质和思想道德、艺术审美等社会文化素质。那么,在高中阅读课的教学中应如何调动学生学习的主观能动性,激发学生的主体意识,以达到培养学生能力、提高学生素质的目的呢?本文就高中英语教学如何调动学生学习的主观能动性,激发学生的主体意识,谈几点思考:
一、设计提问,激发学生的主体思维
问题设计是英语阅读教学的重要手段,是帮助学生理解、鉴赏文章的切入点。教师设计问题,要遵循循序渐近的原则,要把问题建筑在学生的注意力和兴趣之上,服务于全面提高学生素质水平的目标需要。高中英语课文大多篇幅较长。课文内容参透了丰富的审美以及科学教育内容。在这些兼顾知识性、趣味性、思想性的阅读课教学中精心设计既有启发性又能激起学生探讨兴趣的系列问题,可以启迪学生动脑,激发学生思维,培养学生主动学习的习惯。
例如在教故事类文章时,可以先对故事细节、实事等向学生进行由表及里的回答,最后提问推断归纳性的问题．通过这样的提问,推想出课文中没有写到但又与之关系密切的若干内容,能使学生加深和拓宽对课文人物刻画、主题表现的领悟,激起他们去主动思考和探索。教师设计问题时,要紧扣教材,层层推进,要具有一定的思想梯度。在提问、解答的过程中,教师要启发引导,以激活学生的思维欲望,帮助学生认知和理解。
二、授之以法,把学习的主动权交给学生
传统的看法认为教师的任务就是传授知识,按韩愈说的就是“传道授业解惑”,但是仅仅传授知识是不够的。要提高学生的素质,就要培养学生的能力。因此英语阅读教学中要突出“学”字,从让学生“学会”转到培养学生“会学”,授之以法,把学习的主动权交给学生。陶行知先生也说这样一句话:“我认为好的先生不是教书,不是教学生;乃是教学生学。”学会怎样学习,对学生来说是至关重要的。学生只有掌握了科学有效的学习方法,接受新知识才能举一反三,触类旁通,更好地做到知识的迁移,并使学生受益终身。
1.指导学生认真预习
高中阅读课文长,难度大,抽象概念内容多,形象思维内容少,语法现象较复杂。因此,对学生来说,认真预习是及其重要的。如果学生没任何准备走进课堂那么学习肯定是被动的,教师讲解什么,学生就听什么;教师演示什么,学生就看什么。这样的学习有什么主动性呢?预习看起来是学生的事情,但教师精心指导是十分关键的。教师要教给学生预习的方法,指导学生认真预习,并写出自学笔记、提出自学中遇到的疑难问题。譬如安排学生针对有关问题做些准备,要求学生课前利用工具书预习生词。这样,学生在预习的基础上进入课堂,学习就能由被动变主动,以前在课堂上是学生盲目地跟着老师跑,现在教师要适应学生的学习与发展。
2.鼓励学生踊跃参与
学生踊跃参与,最关键的是教师要充分尊重学生的人格,充分发挥教学民主,为此,教师要妥善引导,要尽最大的努力最大限度地引导学生参与到探索知识的过程中去。为此,要做到:
(1)要营造良好的参与环境,宽松、和谐、融洽、平等的学习氛围。
(2)要留下足够的参与时间和空间。教学不要“满堂灌”,也不能“满堂问”,学生能讲的,要尽量让学生讲;学生能动的,要尽量让学生动。
(3)要创造良好的参与条件,提供合适的参与机会,组织学生独立思考与集体讨论。在阅读课的教学中,教师可让学生互设情景,就他们感兴趣的话题以小组为单位全班展开讨论,以达到全员参与的目的。譬如在教学时,可以给学生这样的话题让他们各自表示不同的看法.这样的讨论可以把课堂教学推向高潮。在讨论中,同学们畅所欲言,不仅活跃了课堂气氛,同时也锻炼了同学们的思维,为阅读奠定了基础。
3.培养学生归纳理解
阅读的目的就是要获取书面信息。因而阅读时不能逐字逐句地去分析语法,而是要快速完成树材料的阅读,抓住大意,再深层次地去理解内容。在阅读时教师可指导学生根据不同题材、体裁的阅读材料采取不同的归纳形式去归纳材料内容,快速、准确地猎取文章信息,培养学生良好的阅读习惯。由于阅读材料题材与体裁的不同,因而在阅读中还可以从不同角度用各种不同的归纳方式去归纳、理解材料内容,如可以归纳动词,显示事件过程;归纳文章人物,突出重点人物等等,从而在阅读实践中不断提高自己的阅读理解能力。
三、增加语言实践量,延伸英语阅读空间
应该说,高中每单元一篇阅读课文所选的文章都是好文章,精品文章,他们内容丰富,涉及面广,课文中所反映的中外文化习俗、世界名人传记,体育竞技比赛、饮食卫生习惯等等都唤起高中生的注意和兴趣。但是,从培养阅读能力的角度来看,仅限于课文的阅读教学是远远不够的。阅读课的课堂教学内容绝不能只停留在封闭的教室、狭窄的一本书里,而是要面对更广阔的社会生活,以拓宽阅读内容视角,摆脱传统的英语阅读教材的束缚,以提高学生的能力素质。做法之一:每周选择三到五篇难易适中、兼顾知识性和趣味性的读物,打印出来发给学生课后阅读,并要求他们做相应的阅读理解题。做法之二:在高中开设英语作品选修班。首先从材料的选择上下功夫,结合学生的兴趣特点、接受能力和表达能力、广泛开拓题材范围,从新近出版的英文报刊、杂志上精选阅读材料,也可采用一些有声读物和视听读物（VCD,MTV,Videotapes,etc）。这些材料的特点是题材多样,内容丰富,且能把握时代特色,能够引起学生的兴趣,激发他们学习的主动性。
四、英语阅读教学应渗透人格教育培养具有健全人格的人是当前素质教育的目标之一。
高中英语阅读教材是一套集思想性、科学性、趣味性与实用性于一体的好教材,具有很强的思想性。阅读教学应结合教学内容,寓思想品德教育于英语阅读教学中,提高学生的政治思想素质。因此,教师要努力挖掘教材中的思想教育因素,以知识为载体,适时适度地渗透思想品德以及爱国主义教育。
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