外语类英语专业笔译课件7

第一篇：外语类英语专业笔译课件7

外语类英语专业笔译课件7.txt举得起放得下叫举重，举得起放不下叫负重。头要有勇气，抬头要有底气。学习要加，骄傲要减，机会要乘，懒惰要除。人生三难题：思，相思，单相思。本文由chiidu贡献

ppt文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。Translation Techniques(2)

Division, Paraphrase, Repetition

Teaching Plan

Teaching Contents: Translation skills Teaching Aims: To know more translation techniques and then put them into practice Teaching Focus: division, paraphrase, repetition Teaching Methods: Student-centered(group work, then class work).分译法

英汉两种语言的表达方式在很多地方大相径庭。英语常常用一个词或短语表达一层意思，而汉语一般用包含动词的小句表达一层意思。英语里状语大多在动词后面，后置定语用的很多，有关系代词、关系副词、分词和像that那样可以引导多种从句的连词，因而一句话里常常是一个从句（或短语）套一个从句（或短语），一连套许多从句（或短语），可仍然层次分明，逻辑清楚，而汉语则往往用若干小句表达一句话的意思。

树状 VS.竹状竹状

分译法

从句法上看，在翻译时，我们可以把英语的一句话中的一个词、一个短语或一个从句译成汉语中的几个词或几个短句，同时可以把这句话中的主语、谓语、定语、状语等成分译成汉语中的不同成分。这种译法称之为分译法（Division）。分译法不仅可用于拆译长句，也可用于拆译短语，甚至可以拆译单词。

分译法

▲单词分译，就是将句中的某一个单词分译开来。

这类分译又可以分为五类： 1.单词词义分译

2.单词搭配分译 2.单词搭配分译 3.灵活对等分译 3.灵活对等分译 4.突出语言重点 4.突出语言重点 5.修辞需要词语分译 5.修辞需要词语分译

分译法

1.单词词义分译单词词义分译

英语有些单词的语义呈综合型，即一个词内集合了几个语义成分。译成汉语时，不易找到合适的对等词，很难将其词义一下全部表达出来。这种情况下，汉译可采用分析型，即“扩展”型的方法分析原语，将其语义成分分布到几个不同的词语上，例如：

分译法

1)She inspected the table for dust with her finger.她用手指抹抹桌子，看看有没有灰尘抹抹桌子灰尘。她用手指抹抹桌子，看看有没有灰尘。2)She twirled mechanically a ribbon of her cap around one of her fingers.老是把帽子上的一条缎带在一个手指上绕过来，把帽子上的一条缎带在一个手指上绕过来她老是把帽子上的一条缎带在一个手指上绕过来，过去。绕过去。3)That little pink-faced chit Amelia with not half any sense, has ten thousand pounds and an establishment secure.爱米丽亚那粉红脸儿的小不点儿，爱米丽亚那粉红脸儿的小不点儿，还没有我一半懂一应俱全。倒有一万镑财产，住宅家具奴仆一应俱全事，倒有一万镑财产，住宅家具奴仆一应俱全。分译法

2.单词搭配分译单词搭配分译

英语中有些词语间的搭配关系，汉译时要打破原文的结构，按照汉语习惯，将有关词语

分别译出。例如： 1)She treated that lady with every demonstration of cool respect.她对于那位夫人不冷不热，不错规矩。她对于那位夫人不冷不热，不错规矩。2)She had such a kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart of her own.她心地善良，待人和气，性格温柔，举止高雅，她心地善良，待人和气，性格温柔，举止高雅，为人大方。为人大方。

分译法

1)The town boasts a beautiful lake.镇上有个美丽的湖，人人以此为自豪。（主谓搭配分译）2）His wealth enables him to do everything.他有钱，什么事都能干。（主谓搭配分译）3）But his armies had outrun their supplies.但是他的军队前进太快，给养供应不上。（动宾搭配分译）

分译法

4）His announcement got a mixed reaction.他的声明引起了反应，不过有好有坏。（定语与中心词的搭配分译）5）I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch.我抚摸着白桦光滑的树表，久久爱不释手。(状语与中心词的搭配分译)6）They relentlessly tear at the flowers they see.他们见花就摘，毫不爱惜。(状语与中心词的搭配分译)

分译法

3.灵活对等分译灵活对等分译

英语中有些单词，如果按其在句中的位置机械地译成汉语，往往容易造成意义不够明确，遇到这类情况，应采用灵活对等分译，不拘泥于形式对应，尽量使译文读者对译文的反应等值于原文读者对原文的反应。例如： Our little romantic friend formed visions of the future for herself.我们的小朋友一脑袋幻想，憧憬着美丽的未来。

如果逐字译成“我们浪漫的小朋友憧憬着未来”，并不能算错，但意思却不甚明了，因为“浪漫”一词在汉语里含意较多。此处为“想入非非”，所以分译成“一脑袋幻想”较为明确。既突出了人物性格，又避免了翻译腔。

分译法

4.突出语言重点突出语言重点

有时逐字翻译虽然也能使语句通顺，但都不如分译更能传达句内所含的语义重点。例如： „there was in the old library at Queen’s Crawley a considerable provision of works of light literature of the last century, both in the French and English languages„ 在女王的克劳莱大厦的书房里，有不少18世纪的文学作品，有英文的，也有法文的，都是些轻松的读物„„

分译法

5.修辞需要词语分译修辞需要词语分译

有时将单词分译是为达到某种修辞效果，如： 1)And in their disputes she always returned to this point, “Get me a situation — we hate each other, and I am ready to go.”

从此以后他们每拌一次嘴，她就回到老题目，说道： “给我找个事情，我愿意走，反正咱们你恨我我嫌你。”

2)Not that the parting speech caused Amelia philosophize, or that it aimed her in any way with a calmness, the result of argument, „

倒并不是（平克顿小姐的）临别赠言使爱米丽亚想的通丢的开，因此心平气和，镇静下来„„

重复法

重复法在英译汉中的应用汉语有个明显的特点，也是英语所少见的，就是同义词语的重复。这种重复在汉语修辞上称为反复，为的是突出某个意思，强调某种感情，以加强读者的印象。但是在许多情况下，并非出自修辞需要修辞需要，而修辞需要是语言本身所固有语言本身所固有的。在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原语言本身所固有文，不得不重复某些词语，否则就不能忠实地表达原文意思。这种反复使用某些词语的翻译方法就叫重复法。一般说来，重复法有三个作用：一是为了明确，重复法有三个作用：重复法有三个作用一是为了明确，二是为了强调，三是为了生动。二是为了强调，三是为了生动。

重复法

（一）为了明确

1．名词的重复．

（1）重复作宾语的名词）（2）重复作表语的名词（3）重复英语前置词短语中所省略的名词

2.动词的重复 3.代词的重复 3.代词的重复

重复法

（一）为了明确

1．名词的重复（1）重复作宾语的名词

1)We should learn how to analyze and solve problems.我们应学会如何分析问题、解决问题。2)I had experienced oxygen and / or engine trouble.我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障。

重复法

（2）重复作表语的名词

1)Every single woman I ever know is a puzzle to me, as, I have no doubt, she is to herself.我所认识的每一个女人对我来说都是一个谜，而且我毫不怀疑，她自己对她本人也是一个谜。2)This has been our position — but not theirs.这一直是我们的立场――而不是他们的立场。3)Peter is your enemy as much as he is mine.彼德既是你的敌人，又是我的敌人。

重复法

（3）重复英语前置词短语中所省略的名词,重复使用前置词是英文的一大特点，并常常将第二个，第三个前置词前的名词省略，翻译成汉语时则往往要把此名词重复，以代替英语中的前置词。1)Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐惧的根源。2)A government of and by and for exploiting class cannot possibly survive.一个为剥削阶级所占有，由剥削阶级所组成并为剥削阶级服务的政府是不可能存在下去的。

重复法

2.动词的重复 2.动词的重复英语句子常用一个动词连接几个宾语或表语，在英语句子常用一个动词连接几个宾语或表语，译文中往往要重复这个动词。译文中往往要重复这个动词。

1)People forget your face first, then your name.人们首先忘记你的容貌，接着又忘记你的名字。2)This requires care and, for difficult problems, great experience.这就需要细心，而且对许多难题来说，还需要丰富的经验。

重复法

3)They talked of the things they longed for — of meat and of hot soup and of the richness of butter.他们谈到了他们所渴望的那些东西――谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营养。4)He no longer dreamed of storms, nor of great occurrences,nor of great fish, nor fights, nor contests of strength.他不再梦见风涛，不再梦见惊人的遭遇，也不再梦见大鱼、搏斗和角力。

重复法

3.代词的重复代词的重复

英文用代词替代前文所述的人或物，因此代词在英文句子里出现频繁。汉语则不然，往往要重复名词，代词的使用不像英文那么多。中文句子里的代词用多了，反倒意思搞不清，这也是个有趣的现像，例如She said she would spend her money.这个句子，倘若译成“她说她要花她的钱”，读者就会引起误会，很可能以为她要去花另一个人的钱，所以译文应为“她说她要花自己的钱”。因此，英语中用代词的地方，翻译时往往可按汉语习惯重复其所代替的名词。

重复法

1）Ignoring a problem does not solve it.对于一个问题置之不理，并不能解决问题。2)But there are clues, and they seem to bear out my earlier suspicion.但是有蛛丝马迹可寻的，这些蛛丝马迹似乎都足以证实我最初的揣测。3)When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.她抬起眼晴的时候，眼睛显得很大，很特别，很动人。4）He hated failure;he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, and despised it in others.他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且藐视别人的失败。

重复法

英语中强势关系代词或强势关系副词 whoever, whenever, wherever等等，翻译时常使用重复法处等等，等等理。5）Whoever works hard will be respected.谁工作努力，谁就会受到尊重。6）Wherever severe oppression existed, there would be revolution.哪里有残酷的压迫，哪里就有革命。7）Come over to see me whenever you are free.你什么时候有空，就什么时候来找我。

重复法

为了使译文明确具体，除了上面谈到的一些重复手段外，还有一种情况：英语原文没有重复，汉译时英语原文没有重复，英语原文没有重复采用一种在内容上而不是在形式上的重复手段。采用一种在内容上而不是在形式上的重复手段。8）He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more men.他想给他们增加些援助，增添些武器，增派些人员。9）He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator.他既精于飞行，又善于导航。

重复法

（二）为了强调

英语句子中往往重复关键的词，以使读者留下深刻的印象，英译汉时往往可以采用同样的重复手段。（1）英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时可英语原文中有词的重复，以保持同样的重复（2）英文原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时可英文原文中有词的重复，以用同义词重复之

重复法

（1）如果英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时如果英语原文中有词的重复，可以保持同样的重复 1)Work while you work, play while you play.该工作时就工作，该玩时就玩。

2)It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society.生于社会，不能脱离社会。

3)Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles.一年又一年，一个世纪又一个世纪，月亮盈亏变化，周而复始。

重复法

（2）英文原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时可以英文原文中有词的重复，用同义词重复之 1)Easy come, easy go.来得容易去得快。2)No pains, no gains.不劳无获。3)During their stay in Beijing, they visited some old friends of theirs, visited Beijing University and visited the Great Wall.他们在北京逗留期间，拜访了几个老朋友，参观了北京大学，游览了长城。

重复法

（三）为了生动

出于译文行文上的考虑，有时虽然英文原文中没有词的重复，但译者在推敲、校正和润饰译文行文的过程中，有意识地采取一些重复手段，使译文更加生动。1.运用两个四字词组 1.运用两个四字词组 2.运用词的重迭 2.运用词的重迭 3.运用四字对偶词组 3.运用四字对偶词组

重复法

1．运用两个四字词组

经常出现四字词组是汉语的一大特点。四字词组比较精练，念起来顺口，有节奏感，如运用恰当，可使文字生动活泼，增强修辞效果。为了使译文符合忠实、通顺的标准，译者有时可酌情运用两个同义或近义的四字词组，这也是一种重复。重复的词组或词语，不仅能给译文增添神采,还会使读者倍感亲切。

重复法

1）He showed himself calm in an emergency situation.他在情况危急时，态度从容，镇定自若。

2)The questions were evidently unexpected to the slowwitted spokesman, who instantly found himself tongue-tied.这些问题显然使得这位头脑迟钝的发言人感到意外，他立刻显得张口结舌，哑口无言。

3)Instead we continued to embellish the cover story, walking blindly into his trap.而事实不然，我们却仍然对那个掩盖真相的假情况添油加醋，大肆渲染，从而盲人骑瞎马地陷入了他布置的圈套。

重复法

2．运用词的重迭

1)The toasts were flat.祝酒辞平平淡淡。2)I wasn’t evasive in my reply.我的回答并不躲躲闪闪。3)A slanting sunlight dappled the grass.斜阳把草地照得斑斑驳驳。4)The farm buildings and the wheel-house were all dim and bluish.农场房屋和水车护架都模模糊糊，呈现着浅蓝色。

重复法

3．运用四字对偶词组

汉语中有不少对偶词组，汉语中有不少对偶词组，在这个四字中前后两对字形成对偶，往往具有相同或类似的含义，字形成对偶，往往具有相同或类似的含义，所以也是一种重复。也是一种重复。英译汉时我们可酌情采用此类四字对偶词组，使译文显得生动活泼。字对偶词组，使译文显得生动活泼。

重复法

rumors calm grotesque prosperous 流言蜚语镇定自若奇形怪状繁荣昌盛重复法

gratitude ingratitude vivid careless in chaos street gossip eternal glory to great contributions

感恩戴德忘恩负义生动活泼粗心大意乌烟瘴气街谈巷议永垂不朽丰功伟绩重复法

1)The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair.据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合理的。2)She is an awful fool of a woman.她是一个非常愚昧无知的女人。3)She told him of John’s fancy.她把约翰的胡思乱想告诉了他。

释义法

1）We should never warm snakes in our bosoms.我们决不能姑息坏人。

2)Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.不过过早乐观（真正的困难还在后头呢）。

3)His newly employed woman servant was extremely lazy and ate a lot, no more than a white elephant.他新雇来的女佣人懒得出奇，饭量倒是不小，真是一个无用而又累赘的东西。

4)It’s hard to get along with a man blowing hot and cold.同反复无常的人没法相处。

5)By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband.释义法

6）我不敢肯定我能赢得这个荣誉，这还是未到手的东西。

I’m not sure whether I can win the honor.It’s a birth in the bush.7)这是他们两人之间的事情，你去插一脚干嘛。

That’s a business of their own.Why should you get involved in it?

8)别人家里鸡零狗离的事你都知道得这么全,真是个顺风耳。

You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families.You are really well informed.9)她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。She volunteered to the teaching post in this primary school.本TXT由“文库宝”下载:http:///wenkubao

第二篇：大学英语专业汉译英第二学期笔译课件

一． Process of Translation Process: Preparation → Working → Checking Preparation:

Read the original text several times → master the general meaning in the original text → pay attention to its detailed description or statement.Working:

Including understanding and expression(first understanding → then expression)Checking:

Translators should concentrate themselves on the versions including every used words, complement the lost contents and correct the wrong or unproper versions and check whether the version is smooth and correct or not …

二． Syntactic handling in Chinese – English translation The dominent content in Chinese sentences is the main idea, not subject,----emphasis on “parataxis”.1.Determine the subject There are five following principles:

1)Necessarily Accord with English Language Usage and Cultural Custom Nations of Using English 热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作，建立发展贸易关系。

----Customers from various regions are warmly welcome to establish and develop business contacts.2)Necessarily Accord with the Westerners’ Thinking Mode 她从来没有想到他是个不诚实的人。

----It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man.3)Subject Should Be a Prominent Part in a Sentence 到去年年底，我们已同有关国家签订了100多项目建设合同和协议。

----By the end of last year, contracts and agreements

were signed with countries conceming for the construction of more than 100 projects.4)Subject Must Accord with the Logical Retion in a Sentence 我们浙江还在吸引外资企业进行老企业改造、房地产开发等方面制定了一系列优惠政策。

----Our zhejiang Province has also formulated a series of preferential policies to absorb foreign capitals in such fields as technical renovation of old enterprises, and real estate development.我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。

----We have won one victory after another for our cacuse.5)Subject Must Accord with the Need of the Context 中国的妇女今天社会地位和平等权利来之不易。

----Women did not gain their social status and their rights easily.2．Choice of Predicate

1)State of Predicate Doesn’t Change without Person

快点过来吧！

Come here quickly!

安静下来！

Quiet down!

2)Chinese Predicate Verbs Don’t Show the Time Sequence, They Can Show the Time Sequence Only the Added Words Showing Different Time Conception

本公司全体同仁竭诚为世界服务。

----This corporation will whole-heartedly serve various circles.该机（录放机）是市场紧俏商品，既是音响又是精美的高档家具。

----This product has sold well since it entered the market, not only as an exquisite sounder, but also as a piece of high-grade furniture.3)In Chinese, Nouns, Adjectives, Numerals and Preposition-phrases May Be Directly Used as Predicates 他今年23岁。

----He is twenty-three this year.鲁迅，浙江绍兴市。

----Lu Xun was from Shaoxing, Zhejiang.北京的秋天最美。

----Autumn is the most beautiful season in Beijing.总经理今天不在公司。

----The chief manager is not in company today.4)In Chinese, an Expression May Be a Predicate

他们正在谈论的那位女教师品格正直。

----The woman teacher they are now talking about is upright.南京这个地方，我认为比西安好。

----I think Nanjing is better than Xian.5)Chinese and English Have Five Patterns(1)Subject ＋

Predicate ＋

Precticative(2)Subject ＋ Predicate

(3)Subject ＋ Predicate ＋ Object(4)Subject ＋ Predicate ＋ Object ＋

Object Complement(5)Subject ＋ Predicate ＋ Indirect Object ＋

Direct Object

6)Chinese Predicate Verbs Are Most Used as Active Way

那项工作已经完成了。

----The task has already been finished.在记者招待会上，人们问了他许多问题。

----He was asked a lot of questions at the press conference.7)The Chosen Predicate Must Be in Keeping with its Subject in Persons and numerals

乡镇企业的繁荣是我国农村改革的必然产物。

----The prosperity of township enterpribes is the inevitable outcome of the economic reform in the rural areas.当前，我国的职业教育和成人教育正在加快发

展。

----Vocational education and adult education are being pushed on energetically in our country.Chapter 1 E-C Lexical Comparison and Translation Translation includes “understanding and conveyance”.It is very difficult to well master “the hard nut to crack”----polysemant, which brings about a very difficulty to translation and conveyance.Section 1

一、Choice of the Meaning of a Word in the Light of the Explanation in the Dictionary.E.G.1.经济问题在主席讲话中占了很大的部分。The economy featured very largely in the President speech.2.海南岛的主要特色就是它的气候和风景。The main features of Hainan Island is its climate and scenery.featre(n.v.)

特色，特性，特征，面部器官，相貌，专题报道，占突出地位；

3.今天我非常高兴地宣布，我们的准备工作已经完成，协议开始生效。

Today I am delighted to announce that our joint preparations are complete and the agreement comes into effect.announce 把„„公诸于世，宣布，宣告，通报„„的到达（出席），预示，预兆，当„„播音员，当报幕员，二、三、Choice of the Appropriate Meaning of a Word According to the Context

The meaning to a word is closely related with the context.The same word, when used in different contexts or fields of discourse(business, law, medicine, education, politics, industry, agriculture, etc.)has different meanings.So a British Linguist, Firth said “Each word is a new word in a new context.”

“加强”的译法： E.G.1．加强了政治互信，扩大了共同利益，为亚洲经济发展增加了新的动力。

All countries have enhanced political mutual trust and expanded common interests, adding a new boost to Asia’s economic development.2．我们加强在交通、能源、电信、贸易、投资、旅游、环境、人力资源、农业等领域合作。

We should set up infrastructure building.4．我们应该加强医疗卫生体系建设，提高人民群众健康水平是各成员面临的共同任务。

We should face the task of improving the medical system and people’s health.5．我们应该加强禽流感、艾滋病等重大传染病的防控合作。

We need to intensify cooperation on the prevention and control of avian flu HIV / AIDS and other major communicable diseases.6．中国的发展主要依靠自己的努力，同时，也需要加强对外合作，特别是同邻居的合作。

China will mainly count on itself, but it also needs better cooperation with the outside, particularly with its neighbors.7．我们应该致力于加强与周边国家的伙伴关系。

We should further commit ourselves to cementing partnership with our neighbors.“建设”的译法 E.G.1．国家建设

national reconstruction

2．国防建设

the building of national defense 3．城乡建设

urban and rural development 4．社会主义现代化建设

socialist modernization drive 5．加强文化建设

strengthen cultural development efforts 6．加强廉政建设

strengthen efforts to ensure clean government 7．加强制度建设

improve the regulatory system 8，加强军队思想政治建设

strengthen ideological and political work among servicemen 9．加强青少年思想道德建设

cultivate ideals and ethics among young people 10．加强国防和军队建设

strengthen(modernize)national defense and build up

the armed services(forces)11．基础设施建设成就显著

the infrastructure improved remarkably 12．交通建设空前发展

transport developed on an unprecedented scale 13．民主政治建设不断加强

Democracy has been improved steadily.14．国家创新体系建设积极推进

Significant progress was made in establishing China’s innovation system.“意见”的译法

1.两位领导就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。

The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations

and issues of common concern.2．他们对这项计划提出了修改意见。

They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.3．党员应该虚心听取群众的意见。

Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.4.大家对这一做法很有意见。

Everyone complaint against such a practice.5．他们在会上闹起了意见。

They had a dispute at the meeting.6．你应该听从医生的意见。

You should follow the doctor’s advice.7.他们就此问题取得了一致的意见。

They reached a consensus on the issue.四、Choice of the Appropriate Meaning of a Word According to Collocations Some words have the same basic meaning, but differ in collocation.That is, they have different collocative meanings.One problem with collocation in translation is that, very

often, what is good collocation in English may not be so when translated into Chinese, or vice versa, for example, it is perfectly all right in English to say “a handsome car”, but “英俊的车子”would be totally unacceptable to the Chinese readers.Thus in C – E translation a translator must ensure that the version is idiomatic or collocatively acceptable in Chinese.“水平”的译法

1．生活水平

living standard 2．文化水平

cultural level 3．领导水平

one’s art of leadership 4．水平贸易

horizontal trade 5．水平仪

spirit level

“正式”的译法

1．正式列入记录

be officially placed on record 2.正式成员

a regular(full)member 3.正式开幕

formality opened 4．正式党员

full member of the Party 5．正式访问

official(or formal)visit 6.正式会谈

formal talks 7.正式声明

official statement

四、Choice of the Meaning of a Word Conforming to the Logic Without Considering of Literal Meaning.1．坚持以人为本

always be people-oriented / Human factors come first 2.绿色通道

landscaped roadways 3.偷税漏税

tax evasion 4．优先安置

hiring preference 5.人才市场

human resources pool 6.招商

trade and investment promotion 7.奖励工资制度

a bonus wages system 8．标准汇率

Definitive Conversion Rate 9.开始谈正题

get down to business 10．马马虎虎

after a fashion 11．擅自使用

make free with 12．崭露头角

come to the front 13．充分发挥自己的才能

to fulfill oneself 14．博得全场喝彩

bring down the gallery 15．近水楼台

a favourable position 16．举足轻重

hold the balance

Section 2 Diction in Translation We should try to help Chinese students recognize the difference between Chinese and English by means of the comparative study and know the knows but the whys.一、Chioce of the Meaning of a Word According to Semantic Scope E.G.1.根据你的建议，我们应该办大厂了。

We should go in for(run)industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.2.他们在教室打扫卫生。

They are ghiving the classroom a good(general / spring / through)clean(ing).3.如果你那样做，就大错特错了。

If you do it like that, you’ll be completely(gravely / seriously)mistaken(be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error / all wet.)

Section 3

Diversity in Translation Some sentences, expressions, idioms and words which appear repeatedly without changing their meanings are vividly translated by using language with rich and varied and appropriate form.That is diversity in translation.一、Diversity in translating Chinese words “积极”的译法 E.G.1.积极利用国外资源

make effective use of overseas resources 2．积极推进大型煤矿建设

vigorously carry forward the renovation of large coal mines 3.积极推进社会公益类科研院所改革

push forward the reform of non-profit research institutes 4．积极推进改革，扩大对外开放

press ahead with reforms and open wider to the outside world 5．积极探索管理国有资产的有效形式

energetically explore effective ways to manage state assets

6．积极地财政政策

proactive fiscal policy 7．积极支持他的事业

unfailing support of his cause “化”的译法 E.G.1．广泛使用农业信息化

to apply IT extensively to agricultural development 2.促进政府管理信息化

to promote IT for gevernment administration 3.推动社会信息化

to promote IT for social development 4．科研成果市场化,产业化

gear scientific and

technological achievement in production 5．中国经济逐步市场化

continue the gradual marketization of the Chinese economy

二、Diversity in Translating Chinese Idioms “全神贯注”的译法 E.G.to the

market and apply them

1．他全神贯注地阅读英文小说。

He has concentrated his attention on reading English novel.2.约翰正在全神贯注地研究市场经济。

John has been absorbed in the market economy.3.我们小组正在全神贯注地讨论这道数学难题。

Our group members have been engrossed in discussing this mathematical question.4.我们正在全神贯注地听校长报告。

We are preoccupied with listening to the president’s report.5．她在全神贯注地思考问题。

She is thinking of a problem with rapt attention.6．他全神贯注地听着。

He was all ears.7．下棋需要全神贯注。

Chess requires great concentration.“无动于衷”的译法 E.G.1.玛丽对任何事情都是无动于衷。

Mary has been aloof and indifferent in any matters.2．他听了这消息无动于衷。

He heard the news quite unmoved.3．他表面上显得无动于衷。

In appearance, he looks untouched.4．杰克在需要帮助的人面前总是显得无动于衷。

Jack is always unconcerned about the people who need to help.5．他对我的忠告无动于衷。

He turned a deaf ear to my advice.“大惊小怪”的译法 E.G.1.谁告诉你们了？你们这样大惊小怪的。

Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing? 2.还是随便一点吧，不必大惊小怪的。

Anything will do, don’t fuss.3．奶奶病着呢，别大惊小怪的。

Our grandma is ill,don’t kick up such a shindy.4．大家听了说：“我当是谁呢，这样大惊小怪的，没必要吧。”

When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was some one who mattered, but this isn’t worth making such a fuss about.”

Chapter 2 General Skills of Lexical Translation Section 1

Reciprocity Translation We will tend to find the same words and expressions from the source-language as words, expressions or idioms in the meaning from the original language, to express the equivalent meaning in translation.1.“false friend”

That is to say, “false friend” look alike, acutually it is different each other.Translators should be good at dinguishing them to avoid making mistakes in translation.Read the tables 2.1 – 4，P.35 –36.2.Reciprocity’s Expression

Translators should avoid “false friend” showing in translation.However, there exist a lot of reciprocity expressions, of which word’s reciprocity proportion is much high, while the reciprocity proportion of idioms, proverbs and expressions is relatively rare, even if there is great difference between English and Chinese.Reciprocity Words: E.G.桌子（n.）desk / table

房间

(n.)room

展览（v.）exhibit

开放（v.）open

改革（n.）reform

发展（v.）develop

创新（v.）renovate

不断地（adv.）successively

所以（conj.）so Idioms and Proverbs: E.G.逢山开路，遇水搭桥

cut paths through mountains and build bridges across rivers

有福同享，有难同当

share joys and sorrows(share weal and woe)

浑水摸鱼

fish in troubled water

破釜沉舟

burn one’s boat

视而不见

turn a blind eye to

称心如意

be after one’s own heart

谈虎色变

turn pale at the mention of the tiger

天翻地覆

heaven and earth turning

upside down

甜言蜜语

sweet words and honeyed phrases

听天由命

submit to the will of heaven

外强中干

outwardly strong but inwardly weak

外柔内刚

soft outside but hard inside

万事大吉

everything is just fine

万般无奈

have no alternative

适者生存

survival of the fittest

骑虎难下

He who rides a tiger is a fraid to dismount

水能载舟也能覆舟

The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up.光阴似箭

Time flies.时者金也

Time is money.树大招风

Tall trees eatch much wind.克己恕人

Forgive others but not yourself.仁者无敌于天下

No one in the world can challenge the benignant man.欲速则不达

More hast, less speed.小巫见大巫

The moon is not seen when the sun shines.三思而后行

Look before you loap.真金不怕火炼

Pure gold does not fear furnace.自信是成功的第一秘诀

Self-trust is the first secret of success.勤劳是快乐之父

Labor is often the father of pleasure.最忙的人有最多的时间

Busiest men find the most time.Section 2

Addition Translation Addition means supplying necessary words which are lack in the original text in translation due to different laws between English and Chinese in using diction and making sentences.Addition includes two aspects: grammatical need and semantic and rhetoric need, making the version grammatically correct, semantically clear, rhetorically sound, logically acceptabe.1.Grammatical Need

There is a obvious different in morphology, syntax and

grammar between English and Chinese.E.G.: There are inflections in English, while there are no inflections in Chinese.There are a lot of used connectives, prepositions and relative pronouns, etc., while in Chinese a sentence elements run through together by internal relations, not surely using connectives or prepositions and relative pronouns, or using them rarely.1)Addition of Articles

(1)我省第二季度的进出口贸易n总额有了较大幅度的增长。

There has been a big increase in the total volume of imports and exports in our province.(2)他在越秀外语学院任教英语。

He works as an English teacher at Zhejiang Yuexiu Foreign Language College.(3)今天作“国际互联网络系统”报告的人是位电脑软件工程师。

Today the report on “Internet System” is made by a computer software engineer.(4)全民族的思想道德素质，科学文化素质和健康素质明显提高，形成比较完整的现代国民教育体

系，科学和文化创新体系，全民健身和医疗卫生体系。

The idedogical and ethical standards, the scientific and cultural qualities, and the health of the whole people will be enhanced notably, which has formed a sound modern national educational system, scientific, technological and cultural innovation systems as well as nationwide fitness and medical and health systems.2)Addition of Prepositions

(1)我们为你们取得的每一个胜利感到欢欣鼓舞。

We rejoice at every victory you win.(2)岁月不待人。

Time and tide wait for no man.(3)正当聚精会神看书的时候，一不速之客来访。

While absorbed in reading, she was called on by an unexpected visitor.(4)自80年代以来，国际互联网迅速普及和广泛应用绝不是偶然的，它是“信息爆炸”时代的必然产物。

That the “Internet” has been rapidly popularized and widely used has been by no means accidental

since eighties.It is the inevitable product in the era of “information explosion”.3)Addition of Pronouns

(1)安居乐业是老百姓的共同愿望。

It is the common desire of the people to live and work in peace and contentment.(2)活到老，学到老。

One is never too old to learn.(3)一个星期没有洗澡，一身臭汗。

I am smelling of seven-day----old sweat.(4)等完成任务再相见。

Let’s meet after we complete the task.(5)推动农产品生产、加工和销售的有机结合。

We should push to integrate the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products.(6)他用手蒙住脸，好像是为了不想见她。

He covered his face with his hands as if not to want to see her.(7)他把全部身心都倾注到为所在的社区服务中去了。

He has devoted himself entirely to the service of his community.(8)即使没有花，花瓶本身就很美。

The vase itself is beautiful even without flowers.4)Addition of Pronouns as an Object

(1)交出试卷之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。

Before handing in your examination paper, you should read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected.(2)他越是掩盖他的错误，就越会暴露。

The more he tried to hide his mistakes, the more he revenled them.5)Addition of Verbs

(1)他们意气风发。

They are in high spirits.(2)他们喜形于色。

They became with joy.(3)我对他敬而远之。

I stood aloof from him.(4)这篇文章浅显易懂。

This article is easy to read and understand.6)Addition of Connectives

(1)发展体育运动，增强人民体质。

Promote physical culture and build up the people’s health.(2)我们的工作一不为名，二不为利。

We worked neither for fame nor for personal gain.(3)我要在这里待到我工作结束时为止。

I shall stay here until I’ve completed my work.2.Addition for Semantic and Rhetorical Need 1)Addition of Semantic Meaning Implying in the Original

(1)要在不到10年中实现小康目标，任务是很艰难的，因为中国人口多，底子薄，各地发展不平衡„„

Given China’s huge population, low economic starting level and uneven development in different parts of the country, a relatively comfortable standard of living will not be easy to reach before the next decade…

(2)„„思悠悠，恨悠悠，恨到归时方始休，月明人倚楼。„„

My thought stretches endlessly，My grief wretches endlessly，So thus my husband comes to me，Alone on moon----lit balcony.…

(3)哼！你别看我耳朵聋，----可我的心并不聋啊！

Hem!Although my ears are dull of hearing, my mind is not dull of apprehesion.2)Addition of Generalization Words

(1)不管刮风下雨还是酷热严寒，都不能阻止这个工程的进展。

Wind or rain, extremely hot or bitter cold----these

can’t stop the project making good progress.(2)别忘了是你娘一把屎一把尿地把你拉扯大的。

Don’t forget it is your mother who has taken great pains to bring you up.3)Addition of Explanatory Words

(1)他们俩组建了一个“丁克”家庭。

They form a Dink family----double income, no kids.(2)我们努力实现中国四个现代化。

We strive to realize the four modernizations----of industry, agriculture, defense, science and technology.Section 3

Omission

Omission means deleting not indispensabe and self-evident elements in sentences from the original so that the version becomes presice and clear.1.Omission of Words Conveying a Category.Some Chinese words “task” “situation” “work” etc, which usually have concrete meanings,are translated naturally, but some category words without concrete meanings may be omitted.E.G.1)改革开放扭转了经济停滞不前的局面。

Reform and opening-up reserved the stagnation of national economy.2）他担任了鲁迅作品的翻译任务。

He has taken up / undertaken the translation of Luxun’s works.3）出口物质不得超过限定范围。

The export is not permitted to exceed its limit.4）中国在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和环境保护活动。

China is carrying out nationwide pollution control and environmental protection.5）会议中，双方集中讨论了保护知识产权的问题。

During the meeting, their discussion centered around the protection of intellectural properties rights.6）今年上半年进出口计划的执行情况，也是很好的。

Our import-export in the first half of this year has gone very well.2.Omission of the Repeated Words E.G.1）出现问题也容易纠正和改正。

When problems emerge, the can be easily put right.2）中国共产党必须始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。

Our Party must always represent the development trend of China’s advanced productive forces;the orientation of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people in China.3.Omission of the Modifiers Flashy and without substance E.G.1）我们需要从其他国家进口先进工艺设备。

We need to import advanced industrial equipment.2）我们要大力发扬求真务实，勇于创新的精神。

We must carry forward and promote the spirit of practicality, truth-seeking and courage in innovation.3）鼓励国内外投资者到中西部投资。

Encourage both Chinese and overseas investments in the central and western regions.4.Adjust Syntactic Structure and Omit Some Words E.G.1）„„我们进行改革开放的方向是正确的，信念是坚定的，步骤是稳定的，方式是渐进的，取得的成就是巨大的。

… That we are going in the right direction, firm in conviction, steady in our steps and gradual in our approach when carrying out the reform and opening up and that we have achieved tremendous success.2）新世纪赋予我们美好的期待和希望，新世纪激励我们付出更多才智去建设人类更美好的家园。

The new century has raised high hopes in our hearts, inspiring us to devote more talent and wisdom to the building of a better home.Section 4

Combination

In Chinese-English translation, now that synonyms are used togetherto convey the same meaning, translators can combined together to be translated----combination.Repetition of different words with the same meanins----synonym’s repetition, which is very

universal in Chinese.Chinese is particular about balance and seeks symmetry especially in translation of “four-character expressions” E.G.花言巧语

fine words

精疲力竭

exhausted

吞吞吐吐

stumbling

破釜沉舟

burn one’s toat

生动活泼

lively

光辉灿烂

brilliant

丰功伟绩

great achievements

心灰意懒

to feel disheartened

干净整洁

clean and tidy

互敬互爱

to respect each other and love each other

断章取义

to quote out of context 植树造林

afforestation

风调雨顺

good weather for the crops

Section 5

Conversion Conversion means that some words from the original sentence are converted into other words

according to the version’s normal way in translation, which is a basic translation.In conversion, Chinese nouns, verbs, adjectives can be used as subject, predicate, object and predicative.Generally speaking, conversion can not violate the original meaning and be conducive for the smooth version.1.Conversion of Chinese Verbs

Using verbs in Chinese is very frequent, sometimes several verbs are used together in a sentence;while in English, a verb is used in a sentence in which it is served as predicate.Therefore in translation it is very difficult to avoid the conversion of the Chinese verbs.E.G.1）学习语言很艰苦，成为一名有名的语言学家需要很长的时间。

The study of language is very hard, and it takes long time to become a famous linguist.33

2）我一直得到你的帮助，心里着实感激不尽。

I am very grateful to you for all the help you’ve given me.3）这首老歌使我想起了自己的孩提时代。

The old song is suggestive of my childhood.2.Conversion of Chinese Nouns E.G.1）他的目标是要成为一个成功的小说家。

He aims to be a successful novelist.2）我们培养的学生都应该是德、智、体全面发展。

All the students who we train should develop morally, intellectually and physically.3）如果旅馆都满客了，我们可以给你提供住处。

We can house you if the hotels are full.3.Conversion of Chinese Adjectives or Adverbs E.G.1）我们感到解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。

We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.2）那消息很快传遍全世界。

The news quickly spread throughout the world.3）我们政府对留学国外的学生很关心。

Our government shows great concern for the Chinese students abroad.4）他们热烈欢迎这位著名的科学家。

They give this famous scientist a warm welcome.5）独立思考对学习是绝对必要的。

Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.6）她急切地希望看到她的老师。

She has a strong desire to see her teacher.Section 6

Translation by Changing Embodying Way There is a great difference in cultures between Chinese and English, which surely embodies

these languages, we sometimes have to convert embodying way in translation due to their cultural and customary differences in order to accord with the custom of the target language.Substitution----substitution is a means of representing the given information in a new context, and also means changing a word in the word-meaning, and changing a sentence pattern syntactically, and avoids repetition and is a means of connecting the context.1.Substitution of Nouns

E.G.1）最令人讨厌的习惯或许就是随地吐痰。

Probably the single most upsetting habit is that of spitting.2）甲：请问，我能要一杯清咖啡加糖吗？

乙：也给我一杯清咖啡加糖。

A: Can I have a cup of black coffee with sugar, please.B: Give the same, please.3）这是我厂的关键车间，设备比较齐全的。这些机械设备的上方，我们还装配了冷却通风设备，供暖设备以及通讯设备。

This is the key workshop in our factory.Here we have comparativety complete equipment, cooling-fan installations, heating devices and communications facilities are also equipped over those machineries.2.Substitution of Verbs E.G.1）我同你一样不知道。

I dont know any more than you do.2）我希望周五做完作业，不过如果你忙的话，星期六完成也行。

I’d like finishing your homework by Friday, but Saturday will do if you are busy.3）彼得加入我们的小组，我不知道戴维是不是会加入我们组。

Peter is joining our group, I am not sure whether David will do so or not.4）我答应了给他买票，我一定要买到票。

I promised to get a ticket for him and I will do so.Section 7

Translation of Appraisal Some words contain the meaning of appraisal,and the words can be categoried into “commendatary sense, derogagatory sense, and neutral sense” according to the words feeling color.Appraisal is surely translated into the version with some feeling color, and pay attention to different feeling colors in words in differently cultural background.E.G.1）他热衷于个人名利。

He is always hankering after personal fame and gains.2）他热衷于足球。

He is fond of playing football.3）我们应该把无业人员培训成生产者。

We should train the unemployeesrain into producers.4）我们应该加强合作。

We should enhance our mutual cooperation.5）中国的经济是一个大问题。

China’s economy is a great question.38

第三篇：第二学期笔译课件

一．Process of Translation Process: Preparation → Working → Checking Preparation:

Read the original text several times → master the general meaning in the original text →

pay attention to its detailed description or statement.Working:

Including understanding and expression(first understanding → then expression)Checking:

The dominent content in Chinese sentences is the main idea, not subject,----emphasis on “parataxis”.1.Determine the subject There are five following principles: 1)Necessarily Accord with English Language Usage and Cultural Custom Nations of Using English 热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作，建立发展贸易关系。

----It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man.3)Subject Should Be a Prominent Part in a Sentence 到去年年底，我们已同有关国家签订了100多项目建设合同和协议。

----By the end of last year, contracts and agreements were signed with countries conceming for the construction of more than 100 projects.4)Subject Must Accord with the Logical Retion in a Sentence 我们浙江还在吸引外资企业进行老企业改造、房地产开发等方面制定了一系列优惠政策。

----We have won one victory after another for our cacuse.5)Subject Must Accord with the Need of the Context 中国的妇女今天社会地位和平等权利来之不易。

----Women did not gain their social status and their rights easily.2．Choice of Predicate

1)State of Predicate Doesn’t Change without Person

快点过来吧！

Come here quickly!

安静下来！

Quiet down!

2)Chinese Predicate Verbs Don’t Show the Time Sequence, They Can Show the Time

Sequence Only the Added Words Showing Different Time Conception 本公司全体同仁竭诚为世界服务。

----This corporation will whole-heartedly serve various circles.该机（录放机）是市场紧俏商品，既是音响又是精美的高档家具。

----He is twenty-three this year.鲁迅，浙江绍兴市。

----Lu Xun was from Shaoxing, Zhejiang.北京的秋天最美。

----Autumn is the most beautiful season in Beijing.总经理今天不在公司。

----The chief manager is not in company today.4)In Chinese, an Expression May Be a Predicate

他们正在谈论的那位女教师品格正直。

----The woman teacher they are now talking about is upright.南京这个地方，我认为比西安好。

----I think Nanjing is better than Xian.5)Chinese and English Have Five Patterns(1)Subject ＋

Predicate ＋

Precticative(2)Subject ＋ Predicate

(3)Subject ＋ Predicate ＋ Object(4)Subject ＋ Predicate ＋ Object ＋

Object Complement(5)Subject ＋ Predicate ＋ Indirect Object ＋

Direct Object

6)Chinese Predicate Verbs Are Most Used as Active Way

那项工作已经完成了。

----The task has already been finished.在记者招待会上，人们问了他许多问题。

----He was asked a lot of questions at the press conference.7)The Chosen Predicate Must Be in Keeping with its Subject in Persons and numerals

乡镇企业的繁荣是我国农村改革的必然产物。

----The prosperity of township enterpribes is the inevitable outcome of the economic reform in the rural areas.当前，我国的职业教育和成人教育正在加快发展。

----Vocational education and adult education are being pushed on energetically in our country.Chapter 1

C-E Lexical Comparison and Translation Translation includes “understanding and conveyance”.It is very difficult to well master “the hard nut to crack”----polysemant, which brings about a certain difficulty to translation and conveyance.Section 1

一、Choice of the Meaning of a Word in the Light of the Explanation in the Dictionary.Generally speaking, a dictionary would spread out many explanations of a word.A translator should quickly choose an exaxt, appropriate explanation from all explanations if being able to apply a dictionary flexibly.When looking up a word from a dictionary, a translator should judge by the main idea of a sentence and by narration around a sentence and then determine whether the explanation stand to reason or not.E.G.1.经济问题在主席讲话中占了很大的部分。

The economy featured very largely in the President speech.2.海南岛的主要特色就是它的气候和风景。

The main features of Hainan Island is its climate and scenery.featre(n.v.)

特色，特性，特征，事物的特点，自然景色，面部器官，相貌，专题报道，占突出地位；

3.今天我非常高兴地宣布，我们的准备工作已经完成，协议开始生效。

Today I am delighted to announce that our joint preparations are complete and the agreement comes into effect.announce 把„„公诸于世，宣布，宣告，通报„„的到达（出席），预示，预兆，当„„播音员，当报幕员，二、Choice of the Appropriate Meaning of a Word According to the Context

All countries have enhanced political mutual trust and expanded common interests, adding a new boost to Asia’s economic development.enhance v.增强，增大，使更好，加强，提供（质量）

2．我们加强在交通、能源、电信、贸易、投资、旅游、环境、人力资源、农业等领域合作。

We have conducted cooperation in such areas as transportation, energy, telecommunications, trade, investment, tourism, environment, haman resources and agriculture, etc.conduct v.管理（方式），处理（方式），经营（方式），实施（方式）3．我们应该加强基础设施建设。

We should set up infrastructure building.set up

设立，竖立，架起，升起，装配，开业，加强

4．我们应该加强医疗卫生体系建设，提高人民群众健康水平是各成员面临的共同任务。

We should face the task of improving the medical system and people’s health.improve

v.加强改善，改进，提高，（耕种，盖房，修路等）提高（地产价）5．我们应该加强禽流感、艾滋病等重大传染病的防控合作。

We need to intensify cooperation on the prevention and control of avian flu HIV / AIDS and other major communicable diseases.intensify v.加强，增强，强化，加强对„„防护力量

6．中国的发展主要依靠自己的努力，同时，也需要加强对外合作，特别是同邻居的合作。

China will mainly count on itself, but it also needs better cooperation with the outside, particularly with its neighbors.better adj.更好的，更令人满意的，更有效的，更有益的 7．我们应该致力于加强与周边国家的伙伴关系。

We should further commit ourselves to cementing partnership with our neighbors.cement v.巩固，加强，团结，粘合，胶合

“建设”的译法 E.G.1.国家建设

national reconstruction 2．国防建设

the building of national defense build:创立，创建，创业，建设发展，营造 3．城乡建设

urban and rural development 4社会主义现代化建设

socialist modernization drive Drive:冲击，运动

5加强文化建设

strengthen cultural development efforts 6加强廉政建设

strengthen efforts to ensure clean government 7加强制度建设

improve the regulatory system 8 加强军队思想政治建设

strengthen ideological and political work among servicemen 9．加强青少年思想道德建设

cultivate ideals and ethics among young people 10．加强国防和军队建设

strengthen(modernize)national defense and build up the armed services(forces)build up:逐步建设，逐步建立，增强 11．基础设施建设成就显著

the infrastructure improved remarkably improve:改进，改善，12．交通建设空前发展

transport developed on an unprecedented scale 13．民主政治建设不断加强

Democracy has been improved steadily.Improve:改善，改进

14．国家创新体系建设积极推进

Significant progress was made in establishing China’s innovation system.establish:建立，建造，创立，确立

“意见”的译法

1.两位领导就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。

The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern.2．他们对这项计划提出了修改意见。

They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.3．党员应该虚心听取群众的意见。

Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.Opinions:见解，观点，舆论，评价

4.大家对这一做法很有意见。

Everyone complaint against such a practice.5．他们在会上闹起了意见。

They had a dispute at the meeting.6．你应该听从医生的意见。

You should follow the doctor’s advice.7.他们就此问题取得了一致的意见。

They reached a consensus on the issue.t

三、Choice of the Appropriate Meaning of a Word According to Collocations Some words have the same basic meaning, but differ in collocation.That is, they have different collocative meanings.One problem with collocation in translation is: what is a good collocation in English may not be so when the collocation is translated into Chinese, or vice versa, for example, it is perfectly all right in English to say “a handsome car”, but “英俊的车子”would be totally unacceptable to the Chinese readers.Thus in C – E translation a translator must ensure that the version is idiomatic or collocatively acceptable in Chinese.“水平”的译法

1．生活水平

living standard 2．文化水平

cultural level 3．领导水平

one’s art of leadership 4．水平贸易

horizontal trade 5．水平仪

spirit level

“正式”的译法

1．正式列入记录

be officially placed on record 2.正式成员

a regular(full)member 3.正式开幕

formality opened 4．正式党员

full member of the Party 5．正式访问

official(or formal)visit 6.正式会谈

formal talks 7.正式声明

official statement

四、Choice of the Meaning of a Word Conforming to the Logic Without Considering of Literal Meaning.1．坚持以人为本

always be people-oriented / Human factors come first 2.绿色通道

landscaped roadways(landscaped:美化好的环境，景观)3.偷税漏税

tax evasion 4．优先安置

hiring preference(hiring:借，租用，preference:偏爱，优先选择)5.人才市场

human resources pool 6.招商

trade and investment promotion

7.奖励工资制度

a bonus wages system 8．标准汇率

DefinitiveConversionRate

（Standard Rate）

9.开始谈正题

get down to business 10．马马虎虎

after a fashion 11．擅自使用

make free with 12．崭露头角

come to the front 13．充分发挥自己的才能

to fulfill oneself(fulfill:使满意，使完整，使完备，完成)14．博得全场喝彩

bring down the gallery 15．近水楼台

a favourable position 16．举足轻重

hold the balance

Section 2

Diction in Translation We should try to help Chinese students recognize the difference between Chinese and English by means of the comparative study and know the knows but the whys.一、Chioce of the Meaning of a Word According to Semantic Scope E.G.1.根据你的建议，我们应该办大厂了。

We should go in for(run)industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.2.他们在教室打扫卫生。

They are giving the classroom a good(general / spring / through)clean(ing).3.如果你那样做，就大错特错了。

If you do it like that, you’ll be completely(gravely / seriously)mistaken(be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error / all wet.)

Section 3

make effective use of overseas resources 2．积极推进大型煤矿建设

vigorously carry forward the renovation of large coal mines 3.积极推进社会公益类科研院所改革

push forward the reform of non-profit research institutes 4．积极推进改革，扩大对外开放

press ahead with reforms and open wider to the outside world 5．积极探索管理国有资产的有效形式

energetically explore effective ways to manage state assets 6．积极的财政政策

proactive fiscal policy 7．积极支持他的事业

unfailing support of his cause “化”的译法 E.G.1．广泛使用农业信息化

to apply IT extensively to agricultural development 2.促进政府管理信息化

to promote IT for gevernment administration 3.推动社会信息化

to promote IT for social development 4．科研成果市场化,产业化

gear scientific and technological achievement to the market and apply them in production(gear:使适应，调适，使处在良好的运转状态)5．中国经济逐步市场化

continue the gradual marketization of the Chinese economy

二、Diversity in Translating Chinese Idioms “全神贯注”的译法 E.G.1．他全神贯注地阅读英文小说。

He has concentrated his attention on reading English novel.2.约翰正在全神贯注地研究市场经济。

John has been absorbed in the market economy.3.我们小组正在全神贯注地讨论这道数学难题。

Our group members have been engrossed in discussing this mathematical question.4.我们正在全神贯注地听校长报告。

We are preoccupied with listening to the president’s report.5．她在全神贯注地思考问题。

She is thinking of a problem with rapt attention.6．他全神贯注地听着。

He was all ears.7．下棋需要全神贯注。

Chess requires great concentration.“无动于衷”的译法 E.G.1.玛丽对任何事情都是无动于衷。

Mary has been aloof and indifferent in any matters.2．他听了这消息无动于衷。

He heard the news quite unmoved.3．他表面上显得无动于衷。

In appearance, he looks untouched.4．杰克在需要帮助的人面前总是显得无动于衷。

Jack is always unconcerned about the people who need to help.5．他对我的忠告无动于衷。

He turned a deaf ear to my advice.“大惊小怪”的译法 E.G.1.谁告诉你们了？你们这样大惊小怪的。

Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing? 2.还是随便一点吧，不必大惊小怪的。

Anything will do, don’t fuss.3．奶奶病着呢，别大惊小怪的。

Our grandma is ill,don’t kick up such a shindy.4．大家听了说：“我当是谁呢，这样大惊小怪的，没必要吧。”

When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered, but this isn’t worth making such a fuss about.”

Chapter 2 General Skills of Lexical Translation Section 1

Reciprocity Translation We will tend to find the same words and expressions or idioms in the versions as words, expressions or idioms in the meaning in the original language in translation to express the equivalent meaning ,which is called equality translation.1.“false friend”

That is to say, “false friend” look alike, acutually it is mutually different.Translators should be good at dsguishing them to avoid making mistakes in translation.Read the tables 2.1 – 4，P.35 –36.2.Reciprocity’s Expression

房间

(n.)room

展览（v.）exhibit

开放（v.）open

改革（n.）reform

发展（v.）develop

创新（v.）renovate

不断地（adv.）successively

所以（conj.）so Idioms and Proverbs: E.G.逢山开路，遇水搭桥

cut paths through mountains and build bridges across rivers 有福同享，有难同当

share joys and sorrows(share weal and woe)浑水摸鱼

fish in troubled water 破釜沉舟

burn one’s boat 视而不见

turn a blind eye to 称心如意

be after one’s own heart 谈虎色变

turn pale at the mention of

the tiger 天翻地覆

heaven and earth turning

upside down 甜言蜜语

sweet words and honeyed

phrases 听天由命

submit to the will of heaven 外强中干

outwardly strong but inwardly

weak 外柔内刚

soft outside but hard inside 万事大吉

everything is just fine 万般无奈

have no alternative 适者生存

survival of the fittest 骑虎难下

He who rides a tiger is a fraid to

dismount 水能载舟也能覆舟 The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up.光阴似箭

Time flies.时者金也

Time is money.树大招风

Tall trees catch much wind.克己恕人

Forgive others but not yourself.任重道远

a weighty mission;to have a

bumpy and rocky road ahead

欲速则不达

More hast, less speed.小巫见大巫

The moon is not seen when

the sun shines.以权谋私

to abuse one’s power for

personal gains

真金不怕火Pure gold does not fear

furnace.自信是成功的第一秘诀

Self-trust is the first secret of success.勤劳是快乐之父

Labor is often the father of pleasure.最忙的人有最多的时间

Busiest men find the most time.Section 2

There is an obvious different in morphology, syntax and grammar between English and Chinese.E.G.: There are inflections in English, while there are no inflections in

Chinese.There are a lot of used connectives, prepositions and relative pronouns, etc., in English, while in Chinese a sentence element runs through together by internal relations, not surely using connectives or prepositions and relative pronouns, or using them rarely.1)Addition of Articles

(1)我省第二季度的进出口贸易总额有了较大幅度的增长。

There has been a big increase in the total volume of imports and exports in our province.(2)他在越秀外语学院任教英语。

He works as an English teacher at Zhejiang Yuexiu Foreign Language College.(3)今天作“国际互联网络系统”报告的人是位电脑软件工程师。

Today the report on “Internet System” is made by a computer software engineer.(4)全民族的思想道德素质，科学文化素质和健康素质明显提高，形成比较完

整的现代国民教育体系，科学和文化创新体系，全民健身和医疗卫生体系。

The ideological and ethical standards，the scientific and cultural qualities, and the health of the whole people will be enhanced notably, which has formed a sound modern national educational system, scientific, technological and cultural innovation systems as well as nationwide fitness and medical and health systems.2)Addition of Prepositions

(1)我们为你们取得的每一个胜利感到欢欣鼓舞。

We rejoice at every victory you win.(2)岁月不待人。

Time and tide wait for no man.(3)正当聚精会神看书的时候，一不速之客来访。

While absorbed in reading, she was called on by an unexpected visitor.(4)自80年代以来，国际互联网迅速普及

和广泛应用绝不是偶然的，它是“信息爆炸”时代的必然产物。

That the “Internet” has been rapidly popularized and widely used has been by no means accidental since eighties.It is the inevitable product in the era of “information explosion”.3)Addition of Pronouns

(1)安居乐业是老百姓的共同愿望。

It is the common desire of the people to live and work in peace and contentment.(2)活到老，学到老。

One is never too old to learn.(3)一个星期没有洗澡，一身臭汗。

I am smelling of seven-day----old sweat.(4)等完成任务再相见。

Let’s meet after we complete the task.(5)推动农产品生产、加工和销售的有机结合。

We should push to integrate the production, processing and marketing of

agricultural products.(6)他用手蒙住脸，好像是为了不想见她。

He covered his face with his hands as if not to want to see her.(7)他把全部身心都倾注到为所在的社区服务中去了。

He has devoted himself entirely to the service of his community.(8)即使没有花，花瓶本身就很美。

The vase itself is beautiful even without flowers.4)Addition of Pronouns as an Object

(1)交出试卷之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。

Before handing in your examination paper, you should read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected.(2)他越是掩盖他的错误，就越会暴露。

The more he tried to hide his mistakes, the more he revealed them.5)Addition of Verbs

(1)他们意气风发。

They are in high spirits.(2)他们喜形于色。

They became with joy.(3)我对他敬而远之。

I stood aloof from him.(4)这篇文章浅显易懂。

This article is easy to read and understand.6)Addition of Connectives

(1)发展体育运动，增强人民体质。

Promote physical culture and build up the people’s health.(2)我们的工作一不为名，二不为利。

We worked neither for fame nor for personal gain.(3)我要在这里待到我工作结束时为止。

I shall stay here until I’ve completed my work.2.Addition for Semantic and Rhetorical Need 1)Addition of Semantic Meaning Implying in the Original

(1)要在不到10年中实现小康目标，任务是很艰难的，因为中国人口多，底子薄，各地发展不平衡„„

(2)公园里有专门的英语角，老老少少会定期聚在一起操练。

In public parks there are special English corners where English learners, old and young gather at regular time to practise their spoken English.(3)哼！你别看我耳朵聋，----可我的心并不聋啊！

Hem!Although my ears are dull of hearing, my mind is not dull of apprehension.2)Addition of Generalization Words

(1)不管刮风下雨还是酷热严寒，都不能阻止这个工程的进展。

Wind or rain, extremely hot or bitter cold----these can’t stop the project making good progress.(2)别忘了是你娘一把屎一把尿地把你拉扯大的。

Don’t forget it is your mother who has taken great pains to bring you up.3)Addition of Explanatory Words

(1)他们俩组建了一个“丁克”家庭。

They form a Dink family----double income, no kids.(2)我们努力实现中国四个现代化。

We strive to realize the four modernizations----of industry, agriculture, defense, science and technology.Section 3

Omission Omission means deleting unnecessary and self-evident elements in sentences from the original so that the version becomes presice and clear.1.Omission of Words Conveying a

Category.Some Chinese words;“task” “situation” “work” etc, which usually have concrete meanings translated naturally, but some categories of words without concrete meanings may be omitted.E.G.1)改革开放扭转了经济停滞不前的局面。

Reform and opening-up reserved the stagnation of national economy.2）他担任了鲁迅作品的翻译任务。

He has taken up / undertaken the translation of Luxun’s works.3）出口物质不得超过限定范围。

The export is not permitted to exceed its limit.4）中国在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和环境保护活动。

China is carrying out nationwide pollution control and environmental protection.5）会议中，双方集中讨论了保护知识产权的问题。

During the talk, their discussion centered around the protection of intellectural properties rights.6）今年上半年进出口计划的执行情况，也是很好的。

Our import-export in the first half of this year has gone very well.2.Omission of the Repeated Words E.G.1）出现问题也容易纠正和改正。

When problems emerge, they can be easily put right.2）中国共产党必须始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。

Our Party must always represent the development trend of China’s advanced productive forces;the orientation of China’s advanced culture, and the

fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people in China.3.Omission of the Flashy Modifiers without substance E.G.1）我们需要从其他国家进口先进工艺设备。

We need to import advanced industrial equipment.2）我们要大力发扬求真务实，勇于创新的精神。

We must carry forward and promote the spirit of practicality, truth-seeking and courage in innovation.3）鼓励国内外投资者到中西部投资。

…… that we are going in the right direction, firm in conviction, steady in our steps and gradual in our approach when carrying out the reform and opening up and that we have achieved tremendous success.2）新世纪赋予我们美好的期待和希望，新世纪激励我们付出更多才智去建设人类更美好的家园。

The new century has raised high hopes in our hearts, inspiring us to devote more talent and wisdom to the building of a better home.Section 4

Combination In Chinese-English translation, now that synonyms being used together convey the same meaning, translators can combine them together to be translated

----combination.Repetition of different words with the same meanings----synonym’s repetition, which is very universal in Chinese, Chinese is particular about balance and seeks symmetry especially in translation of “four-character expressions”.E.G.花言巧语

fine words

精疲力竭

exhausted

吞吞吐吐

stumbling

破釜沉舟

burn one’s boat

生动活泼

lively

光辉灿烂

brilliant

丰功伟绩

great achievements

心灰意冷

to feel disheartened

干净整洁

clean and tidy

互敬互爱

to respect each other and

love each other

断章取义

to quote out of context

植树造林

afforestation

风调雨顺

good weather for the crops

Section 5

Conversion Conversion means that some words from the original sentences are converted into other words according to the version’s normal way in translation, which is a basic translation.In conversion, Chinese nouns, verbs, adjectives can be used as subject, predicate, object and predicative.Generally speaking, conversion can not violate the original meaning and be conducive for the smooth version.1.Conversion of Chinese Verbs

Using verbs in Chinese is very frequent, sometimes several verbs are used together in a sentence;while in English, a verb is used in a sentence in which it is served as predicate.Therefore in translation it is very difficult to avoid the conversion of Chinese verbs.E.G.1）学习语言很艰苦，成为一名有名的语

言学家需要很长的时间。

The study of language is very hard, and it takes long time to become a famous linguist.2）我一直得到你的帮助，心里着实感激不尽。

I am very grateful to you for all the help you’ve given me.3）这首老歌使我想起了自己的孩提时代。

The old song is suggestive of my childhood.2.Conversion of Chinese Nouns E.G.1）他的目标是要成为一个成功的小说家。

He aims to be a successful novelist.2）我们培养的学生都应该是德、智、体全面发展。

All the students who we train should develop morally, intellectually and physically.3）如果旅馆都满客了，我们可以给你提供住处。

We can house you if the hotels are full.3.Conversion of Chinese Adjectives or Adverbs E.G.1）我们感到解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。

We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.2）那消息很快传遍全世界。

The news quickly spread throughout the world.3）我们政府对留学国外的学生很关心。

Our government shows great concern for the Chinese students abroad.4）他们热烈欢迎这位著名的科学家。

They give this famous scientist a warm welcome.5）独立思考对学习是绝对必要的。

Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.6）她急切地希望看到她的老师。

She has a strong desire to see her teacher.Section 6

Translation by Changing

ExpressionWay There is a great difference in cultures between Chinese and English, which surely embodies these two languages, we sometimes have to convert embodying way in translation due to their cultural and customary differences in order to accord with the custom of target language.Substitution----substitution is a means of representing the given information in a new context, and also means changing a word in the word-meaning, and changing a sentence pattern syntactically, and avoids repetition and it is a means of connecting context.1.Substitution of Nouns

E.G.1）最令人讨厌的习惯或许就是随地吐痰。

Probably the most upsetting habit is that of spitting.2）甲：请问，我能要一杯清咖啡加糖吗？

乙：也给我一杯清咖啡加糖。

I do not know any more than you do.2）我希望周五做完作业，不过如果你忙的话，星期六完成也行。

I’d like finishing your homework by Friday, but Saturday will do if you are busy.3）彼得加入我们的小组，我不知道戴维是不是会加入我们组。

Peter is joining our group, I am not sure whether David will do so or not.4）我答应了给他买票，我一定要买到票。

I promised to get a ticket for him and I will do so.Section 7

Translation of Appraisal Some words contain the meaning of appraisal, words can be categorized into “commendatary sense, derogatory sense, and neutral sense” according to the words feeling color.Appraisal is surely translated into the version with some

feeling color, and pay attention to different feeling colors in words in differently cultural background.E.G.1）他热衷于个人名利。

He is always hankering after personal fame and gains.2）他热衷于足球。

He is fond of playing football.3）我们应该把无业人员培训成生产者。

We should train the unemployees into producers.4）我们应该加强合作。

We should enhance our mutual cooperation.5）中国的经济是一个大问题。

China’s economy is a great question.Classroom Exercises: 1.在2011年，浙江人均收入约18000元，上海人均收入约19800元。

2.中国有许多风俗习惯，在西方人看来，这些习惯是颇为费解的。

3.你既然答应来参加晚会，就应该来参加晚会。

Chapter 3

Translation of Noun’s Abstract and Concrete Translation of ideas abstract and Concrete Nouns Abstract translation means translating the concrete or the conparative concrete nouns into the abstract or the comparative abstract nouns.Generally, nouns in Chinese tend to use concrete ideas, namely, Chinese prefers to use concrete or specific words and employs a “down-to-earth”style”, expressing abstract ideas often by intaphores similes, allegories or other devices for making a thing plain, while in English, this method of abstracct diction is found in the frequent use of abstract nouns.E.G.----雨无情地下个不停，我感到厌倦。

I was fed up with the relentless determination of the rain.----管理体制需要改革，这已越来越清楚了。

The singns of the time point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration.Section 1

Translation of Noun’s Abstract Ideas 1.Examples for Translation of Noun’s Abstract

1）两袖清风

clean hands

2）半斤八两

six of one and half a dozzen of the other

3）沧海一粟

a drop in the ocean

4）空中楼阁

castle in the air

5）远见卓识

far-sightedness

6）君子协定

a gentleman’s agreement

7）暴雨如注

rain cats and dogs

8）一贫如洗

as poor as a church mouse

9）试金石

touchstone 2.Examples for Translation of Idiom’s Abstract

1）沸沸扬扬

bubbling and gurgling

2）当机立断

decide quickly

3）措手不及

be caught unprepared / be caught unawares

4）初露锋芒

display one’s talent for the first time

5）倾家荡产

lose a family fortune / be reduced to poverty and ruin

6）穷山恶水

barren mountains and unruly rivers / barren hills and untamed rivers

7）声势浩大

great in strength and impotus / powerful and dynamic

8）手舞足蹈

dance for joy The abore-mentioned idioms have concrete image 3.Examples for Translation of the Abstract Nouns or Idioms in the Sentence E.G.1）他老是磨磨蹭蹭，马马虎虎，脾气又是惊人的好，我们都拿他没办法。2）他们的乐观主义精神令我们大为感动。3）目前公司的经营情况已经有所好转。

4）我国社会主义工业化建设及其成就，正在日益促进他们这种积极性。5）我们要敢于同各种无纪律，无效率的现象作斗争。6）会谈中，双方集中讨论了保护知识产权方面的问题。

1)With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humer, we were sorely perplexed.2)Their optimism moved us greatly.3)At present, the business in our company is turning for the better.4)Their enthusiasm is being constantly heightened by China’s socialist industrialization and its achievement.5)We should dare to combat indiscipline and inefficiency.6)During the talks, their discussion has been centered around protection of intellectual property rights.Section 2

Translation of Noun’s Abstract Ideas Examples for Translation of Noun’s Concrete Ideas

1）轻松的事情

a piece of cake

2）粗茶淡饭

bread and cheese

3）他出身在富贵之家

He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.4）收音机的声音

the squeaking of the radio

5）公共汽车声

the thumping of the bus

6）鸟鸣和这溪水的流水声，在春风里轻轻地回荡。

The bird-song and the babbling of the streams danced lightly in the spring breeze.Classroom Exercises: 1.目前，我国的经济情况已经有所好转。

2.会议中，两个公司集中讨论了共同利益方面的问题。3.杰克是一个很难处理的人。

Chapter 4

Translation of Verbs Section 1

Stative Translation of Dynamic Verbs Verbs have their dynamic and static characteristics, the former conveys a motion an action, and a change, while the static verbs convey a state, sense perception or a recognition.In translation, some dynamic verbs maybe translated into static verbs, when translating verbs in Chinese, translators put them into English by using nouns, adjectives, prepositions and adverbs, etc.E.G.我叫学生们立即回到教室。

----I want students back to the classroom at once.我们坚决反对美国制裁伊朗。

----We are determined to be against American government punishing Iron.33

1.Chinese Verbs Converted into English Nouns

1）希望你们考虑一下我们的意见。

2）他们不顾一切困难和挫折，坚持战斗。

3）这份报告虽然很长，但不切要领，我看不懂。

4）我们知道，掌握一门外语是不容易的。

1)I would very much appreciate it if you could take our suggestion into comideration.2)They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.3)Although the report is very long, it is beside the point and beyond my comprehension.4)We know that the mastery of a foreign language is not easy.2.Chinese Verbs Are Translated into English Prepositions or Preposition-phrases

English prepositions with the richmeanings have the flexible collocation with the different meanings.1）他带着好几个项目来中国投资。

2）他顶着斜雨风行走。

3）这本杂志在出版和编辑的全过程都力求完美。

1)He comes to China to invest with a few of projects.2)He walked against a slanting rain.3)The whole magazine is produced and edited in the pursuit of excellence.3.Chinese Verbs Translated into English-adverbs It means that a dynamic is changed into static verb, which the motion sentences in the original change into static sentences.1）这学期的所有课程都已经结束了。

2）这个协议作废了。

1)All courses of this term has been over.2)This agreement is off.4.Chinese Verbs Are Translated into

1）我们非常满意目前的生活。

2）他总是嫉妒别人的成就。

3）很多人都熟悉绍兴这个城市。

4）他正埋头写那本书。

1)We are very content with our life at present.2)He is always envious of the achievements other made.3)Shaoxing city is familiar to many people.4)He was engaged on that book

.34

第四篇：湖北省第二十三届外语翻译大赛笔译决赛试题 - 英语专业

湖北省第二十三届外语翻译大赛

英语专业组笔译决赛试题

考生姓名：注册手机号：_______________.客观题答案涂写在答题卡上，主观题答案填写在试卷上

I.Each of the Chinese phrases below is followed by three possible English translations marked A, B and C respectively, tick off the best choice and write the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10%)1.清谈馆 [ ]

A.talking workshop

B.talking shop

C.talk work 2.鱼尾纹 [ ]

A.wrinkles

B.fish-tail marks

C.crow’s feet 3.启动基金 [ ]

A.start-up fund

B.first-off fund

C.active fund 4.流动人口 [ ]

A.unsettling population

B.floating population

C.transit population 5.性价比 [ ]

A.price-performance ratio

B.value evaluation

C.function vs price 6.炫富 [ ]

A.presenting wealth

B.flattering wealth

C.flaunting wealth 7.汇丰银行 [ ]

A.HSBC Bank

B.HCBC Bank

C.HIBC Bank 8.突飞猛进 [ ]

A.leaps and bounds

B.jump start

C.skyrocket 9.《离骚》 [ ]

A.The Wrath

B.The Complaint

C.The Lament

10.一阵风 [ ]

A.a fit of wind

B.a gust of wind

C.a flash of wind

/ 6 II.Each of the English phrases or sentences below is followed by three possible Chinese translations marked A, B and C respectively, tick off the best choice and write the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10%)11.tailor-made

[ ]

A.尾单 B.手工制作 C.量身定制 12.a wet blanket

[ ]

A.扫兴的人 B.受潮的毯子 C.复杂的局面 13.stop and frisk

[ ]

A.静止转前行 B.拦截搜身 C.止步不前 14.public weigh-ins

[ ]

A.公开称重 B.公共重量 C.集体称重 15.conference takeaways

[ ]

A.会议要点 B.会议外卖 C.会议纪念品 16.stick it out

[ ]

A.击打出局 B.一锤定音 C.坚持到底 17.anti-dumping duty

[ ]

A.反遗弃职责 B.反倾销关税 C.反倾轧政策 18.end-to-end logistics

[ ]

A.点到点链接 B.目的性后勤 C.端到端物流 19.brain drain

[ ]

A.大脑疲劳 B.人才流失 C.思维障碍 20.preferential price

[ ]

A.优惠价格 B.优先价格 C.预售价格

III.Each of the Chinese sentences below is followed by three possible English translations marked A, B and C respectively, tick off the best choice and write the corresponding letter in the brackets.(20%)

21.我的学生贷款怎么还没办下来呢？ [ ] A.Why is my student loan still in the middle of procedure? B.Why is it that my student loan is not finished? C.How come my student loan hasn’t come through?

/ 6 22.如果中国这个幅员辽阔、人口众多的国家陷入混乱，那么，这不仅会给中国人民，也会给世界人民带来灾难。[ ]

A.If China which has a vast territory and a large population falls into chaos, it will bring disaster both to the Chinese people and to the rest of the world.B.If China with a vast territory and a large population falls into chaos, it will bring disaster both to the Chinese people and to the rest of the world.C.If China, which has a vast territory and a large population, falls into chaos, it will bring disaster both to the Chinese people and to the rest of the world.23.备忘录的实施，减少了中国大陆与香港在经济交流中出现的体制性障碍。[ ]

A.The implementation of the Memorandum has reduced the structural barriers occurring in the economic exchanges between Mainland China and Hong Kong.B.The implementation of the Memorandum has reduced the structural barriers occurred in the economic exchanges between Mainland China and Hong Kong.C.The implementation of the Memorandum has reduced the occurred structural barriers in the economic exchanges between Mainland China and Hong Kong.24.然而，如果我们对自行用药的风险缺乏意识，就可能导致健康问题。[ ] A.However, if lacking awareness of the risks of self-medication, it may lead to health problems.B.However, the lack of awareness of the risks of self-medication may lead to health problems.C.However, if we lack awareness of the risks of self-medicine, it may lead to health problems.25.中国老龄林专家丛教授上周到访了这个热带泻湖风景区。[ ] A.The Chinese famous old-growth forest expert, Professor Cong, visited the tropical Lagoon Resort last week.B.The famous Chinese old-growth forest expert, Professor Cong, visited the tropical Lagoon Resort last week.C.The famous old-growth forest Chinese expert, Professor Cong, visited the tropical Lagoon Resort last week.3 / 6 26.十二月份公布的统计数据显示，大量外来人口正无序涌入北京。[ ] A.The statistics issued in December suggested that a large number of non-natives were swarming into Beijing in a disorderly manner.B.The statistics published in December suggested that a large number of non-natives were disorderly swarming into Beijing.C.The statistics released in December suggested that a large number of non-natives were swarming into Beijing in a disorder manner.27.气候变化谈判必须基于人权的立场。[ ]

A.We should apply a human rights-based approach to climate change negotiations.B.We should apply a human right-based approach to climate change negotiations.C.We should apply human right-based approach in climate change negotiations.28.几项行业测试报告表明，软饮料如果直接暴露在光和热下，问题将更严重。[ ]

A.Several industrial test reports indicate that if the soft drinks expose directly under light and heat, the problem is worse.B.Several industrial tests indicate that if the soft drinks are exposed directly under light and heat, the problem will be worse.C.Several industrial test reports indicate that if the soft drinks are exposed directly to light and heat, the problem will be worse.29.领导们达成共识，将推动互惠互利、持久全面的合作与发展。[ ] A.The leaders reached the consensus to promote co-operation and development which are mutually beneficial, sustainable, and all-around.B.The leaders agreed to promote mutually beneficial, sustainable, and comprehensive co-operation and development.C.The leaders agreed to promote co-operation and development that is mutually beneficial, sustainable, and all-around.30.伊利举办名为“昭君回故里，伊利献真情”的促销活动，向武汉中小学生赠送了一百万只雪糕。[ ]

/ 6 A.Yili launched a promotion campaign with the tag-line “Love from Yili”, distributing 1 million free popsicles to the primary and high school students in Wuhan.B.Through a campaign named as “Zhaojun’s Homecoming, Yili’s True Love”, Yili distributed 1 million popsicles for free to the primary and high school students in Wuhan.C.Through a campaign with the theme of “Zhaojun’s Homecoming, Yili’s True Love”, Yili distributed 1 million free popsicles to the primary and high school students in Wuhan.IV.Translate the following passage into Chinese(30%): Sen.Kaine may have awakened Wednesday to poor reviews after the first and only vice-presidential debate, but his acerbic performance in Farmville, Va., revealed that the Clinton campaign’s strategy for these debates extends far beyond the stage.Armed with pre-planned Web videos, television ads and tweets, the campaign has used key debate moments this week and last as a cudgel against the Republican ticket, showing a level of discipline and organization largely absent from Donald Trump and Indiana Gov.Pence’s campaign.Both Hillary Clinton and her running mate showed up on their respective debate nights well rehearsed.At moments, they seemed over-rehearsed.At one point Tuesday, Pence shot back at Kaine: “Did you work on that one a long time? Because that had a lot of really creative lines in it.”

_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

/ 6 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

V.Translate the following passage into English(30%): 建设现代制造业基地和服务业中心需要一批具有强大竞争力的支柱产业支撑。要对支柱产业的发展方向准确进行定位，精心组织制定产业发展规划，加强对产业发展的宏观指导。根据产业发展的规律和国内外经济环境的新变化，立足于武汉的比较优势，从抢占产业发展制高点和二、三产业联动发展的角度，按照总量较大、优势明显的原则，选择光电子信息产业、汽车及装备制造业、钢铁及新材料产业、生物技术及新医药产业、环保产业、旅游业作为支柱产业。_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

/ 6

第五篇：湖北省翻译大赛历年英语专业初赛试题(笔译)

湖北省第十七届外语翻译大赛英语专业笔译组初赛试题

正题满分共100分。加试题满分10分。如果正题得分达到85分，加试题有效，一、选出最佳译文，每题一分。共80分。

01）The house cost him an arm and a leg.（A）这套房子花了他很多钱。（B）这套房子让他赚了不少钱。（C）这套房子差点让他丧命。

（D）这套房子让他的胳膊和腿都受了伤。02）Tom was given the axe.（A）汤姆得到一把斧头。（B）汤姆获得赏识。（C）汤姆被解雇了。（D）汤姆挨了狠揍。

03）We live out of cans.（A）只要活着就总有可能。（B）我们从不吃罐头食品。（C）我们靠罐头食品过活。（D）我们生活毫无希望。

04）He went to bed with the chickens.（A）他睡得很迟。

（B）他的作息时间和鸡一样。（C）他和小鸡一起睡觉。（D）他很早上床睡觉。

05）It's time to put on the feedbag.（A）上班时间到啦！（B）吃药的时间到了！（C）吃饭时间到啦！（D）睡觉时间到啦！

06）Please give me a bottle of Adam' s ale.（A）请给我一瓶水。（B）请给我一瓶墨水。（C）请给我一杯茶。（D）请给我一瓶酒。

07）It's your baby, not mine.（A）那是你的任务，不是我的。（B）那是你的责任，而不是我的。（C）那是你的作品，可别说是我。（D）那是你的最爱，我可没有份。08）Her re-election is in the bag.（A）她正为改选四处拉票。（B）她在改选中败下阵来。

（C）她在进行暗箱操作，争取再次当选。（D）她在改选中已稳操胜券。

09）He is a ball of fire.（A）他极富感染力。（B）他精神萎靡。（C）他精力充沛。（D）他乐于助人。

10）The story happened before the Flood.（A）故事在洪水之前就已经发生。（B）故事发生在远古时代。

（C）故事发生的时候正好发洪水。（D）事已至此，无法挽救。

11）I don't know the ABC of computers.（A）我对电脑很在行。（B）我对电脑一窍不通。

（C）我看不懂电脑的英文说明。（D）不我太了解电脑的复杂结构

12）His parents are going bananas at him.（A）他爸妈快被他气疯了。（B）他爸妈对他言听计从。（C）他爸妈对他严加管教。（D）他爸妈正给她买水果呢。13）Don't pass the baby to me.（A）不要伤害我的孩子。（B）不要把责任推卸给我。（C）不要为难我了。

（D）别让我来给你收拾残局。

14）She employed a tender foot to help her.（A）她请了个干活快的人帮她。（B）她请了一个新手帮她。（C）她请了一个律师帮她。

（D）她请了一个有经验的人帮她。15）玛丽是个马屁精。

（A）Mary is a ladder holder.（B）Mary is an apple polisher.（C）Mary is a knowing card.（D）Mary is a baby-kisser.16）Don't make yourself in the shit.（A）你别惹是生非。（B）你不要贪得无厌。（C）不要自讨没趣。（D）不要自认倒霉。

17）Mike is a lady killer.（A）麦克专门谋杀女性。（B）迈克有恋母情结。（C）迈克不喜欢女人。（D）迈克是个师奶杀手。18）Ok, let’s talk turkey.（A）好吧，让我们谈谈事后赔偿的问题。（B）好吧，让我们开诚布公地谈谈。（C）好吧，让我们谈谈怎样吃火鸡。（D）好吧，让我们谈谈土耳其问题。19）He led a dog's life.（A）他过着衣食无忧的生活。（B）他过着放荡的生活。（C）他过着受人摆布的生活。（D）他过着穷困潦倒的生活。

20）This music in the film is easy on the ear.（A）电影里的音乐通俗易懂。（B）电影里的音乐很难听。（C）电影里的音乐很动听。（D）电影里的音乐很古典。

21）We held a back-street meeting.（A）我们并未大肆渲染此事。

（B）我们举行会议的地点比较隐蔽。（C）我们这次会议没有让外人参加。（D）我们开了一个秘密会议。22）That boy never says uncle.（A）那个孩子从不叫叔叔。

（B）那个孩子说话时从来不提他的舅舅。（C）那个孩子的嘴特硬。

（D）那个孩子不爱和舅舅说话。

23）I will put my back into this program.（A）我将对这个项目全力以赴。（B）我对这个项目很有信心。（C）我不参与这个项目的研究。（D）我对这个项目不报希望。

24）Meg is the apple of her father's eye.（A）梅格将爸爸的眼睛比作苹果。（B）梅格是她爸爸的掌上明珠。

（C）美格吃的苹果和他父亲眼睛般大小。（D）梅格是她爸爸的亲生女儿。25）This is an apple of love.（A）这个苹果用来示爱。（B）这是一个西红柿。（C）这是一个爱情果。（D）这是一个火龙果。

26）The fat is in the fire.（A）事情搞定了。

（B）事情很难说。（C）事情搞砸了。（D）肥肉掉火里了。

27）She's a knowing card.（A）她是个精明鬼。（B）她是个糊涂虫。（C）她是个吝啬鬼。（D）她打牌爱出老千。

28）Everyone has been under the gun.（A）每个人都被迫干活。

（B）每个人都顶着巨大的压力。

（C）每个人都打过仗。（D）每人都扛过枪。

29）He lived from hand to mouth.（A）他住的地方只能容纳一个人。（B）他从头到脚一身名牌。（C）他过着勉强糊口的生活。（D）他浑身上下充满活力。30）玛丽在殡仪馆工作。

（A）Mary is funeral home.（B）Mary is in funeral parlor.（C）Mary is at mortuary house.（D）Mary is an undertaker.31)This novel can't be less interesting.（A）这部小说不可能没意思。（B）这部小说无聊极了。

（C）这部小说不见得有什么意思。（D）这部小说非常有趣。

32）I have the deed to the house.（A）我有这套房子的房契。（B）我有这套房子的钥匙。（C）我在这套房子住过。

（D）我参与过这幢房子的修建。33）You must hold your horses.（A）你一定要镇静。

（B）你一定要改变自己。（C）你一定要终止行动。（D）你肯定不应轻易表态。

34）Tom is good at winning girl's ears.（A）汤姆很能够博得女人的好感。（B）汤姆喜欢做女子的针线活。（C）汤姆擅长欺骗女孩子。（D）汤姆最会说女人爱听的话。

35）Nobody can say I put on airs.（A）谁也不能说我这个人专讲空话。（B）谁也不能说我这个人泄露秘密。（C）谁也不能说我这个人摆架子。（D）谁也不能说我这个人喜怒无常。

36）These transactions are aboveboard.（A）这些交易是超越了权限。（B）这些交易是光明磊落的。

（C）这些交易没有经过董事会的同意。（D）这些交易没有通过第三方。37）I won't buy your story.（A）我不会买你的帐。（B）我不信你那一套。

（C）我不敢肯定你的小说能卖钱。（D）我不买你写的小说。

38）Has the cat got your tongue?（A）你为什么生气？（B）你为什么哭？

（C）你怎么这么唠叨了?（D）你的舌头让猫给咬掉了？ 39）Old Green is a real card.（A）老格林是不见兔子不撒鹰。（B）老格林喜欢玩牌。（C）老格林真是个活宝。（D）老格林对人非常诚恳。

40）Jim is the black sheep of our class.（A）吉姆是我们班的一匹黑马。（B）吉姆是我们班最聪明的学生。（C）吉姆是我们班最愚蠢的学生。（D）吉姆是我们班的害群之马。

41）David carried the ball in the firm.（A）大卫负责公司里最机密的工作。（B）大卫负责公司里最困难的工作。（C）大卫负责公司里最轻松的工作。（D）大卫负责公司里最主要的工作。42）I have a crush on you.（A）我挨揍是你造成的。（B）我要把你碾碎。（C）我要抽你。（D）我迷恋你。

43）Can you find your feet?（A）你能找到回去的路吗？（B）你能适应环境吗？

（C）你了解自己的地位吗？（D）你能找到自己的脚印吗？

44）Cut out your banana oil.（A）别这么啰嗦了。

（B）节约使用你的香蕉水吧。（C）脾气别那么坏。

（D）收起你的花言巧语。

45）Can we get around this issue?（A）我们能报道这个问题吗？（B）我们能避开这个话题吗？（C）我们能上交这个问题吗？（D）我们能讨论这个话题吗？

46）This kind of dress sells like hot cakes.（A）这种蛋糕裙很好卖。（B）这款裙子销量不好。（C）这款裙子很畅销。（D）卖这裙子就像卖蛋糕。47）Where is the john?（A）洗手间在哪里？（B）约翰在哪里？（C）熟人来了吗？（D）蒋家人在哪里？

48）He was born to the purple.（A）他出身时身体不好。（B）他出身皇族。（C）他出身贫苦。（D）他出身名校。49）Is he a Jonah?

（A）他也愿意帮助人吗？

（B）他是个像约拿一样的人吗？（C）他是带来厄运的人吗？（D）他也是叫约拿吗？ 50）You can't beat that.（A）你不能抽打它。（B）你不能打败它。

（C）再没有比这个更好的了。（D）你不可以与其抗衡。51）Why don't you belt up?（A）你怎么不系安全带呢？（B）你干吗口是心非？（C）你干吗还不住口呢？（D）你怎么不用皮带抽打。

52）The black dog is over Jim now.（A）吉姆被一只黑狗压着。（B）吉姆现在意气消沉。（C）吉姆现在心理阴暗。（D）吉姆信迷信中了邪。

53）He is a blue nose.（A）他是个伪君子。（B）他是个严谨的人。（C）他是个马屁精。（D）他很高傲。

54）Nick was run off his legs.（A）尼克破产了。（B）尼克中奖了。（C）尼克腿摔断了。

（D）已经再没有人支持尼克了。

55）The escaped prisoner is still at large.（A）在逃犯数量仍在增加。（B）那个逃犯罪行仍然很大。（C）那个逃犯仍逍遥法外。（D）那个逃犯胆子仍然很大。

56）Those pretty girls are easy on the eye.（A）那些靓女真调皮。（B）那些宝贝真不好惹。（C）那些美女很容易见到。

（D）那些漂亮的女孩子真是赏心悦目。57）The book is as good as a play.（A）这本书可以改编成剧本。（B）这本书非常有趣。（C）这本书就像一出戏。

（D）这本书的情节与剧本有得一比。58）He will help you, as likely as not.（A）他是否会帮助你，这很难说。（B）他可能会帮助你。（C）他不可能帮助你。（D）他会尽力帮助你的。59）She has been canned.（A）她受伤了。（B）她被解雇了。（C）她被骗了。（D）她遭人诬陷。

60）These youths are full of animal spirits.（A）这些年轻人充满动物精神。（B）这些年轻人非常狂暴。（C）这些年轻人思想混乱。（D）这些年轻人充满活力。

61）I don’t know you from Adam.（A）亚当没有介绍我认识你。（B）我根本就不认识你。

（C）我认识你不是亚当介绍的。（D）我从来就不认识亚当。

62）I will trust you when pigs fly.（A）我绝不会相信你。

（B）我无论如何都会信任你的。（C）我以后或许会相信你。（D）我绝对相信你。

63）Colin is absent in Shanghai.（A）科林去上海了，没在这儿。（B）科林失踪的地点不是在上海。（C）科林在上海失踪了。（D）科林现在不在上海。64）Sam is a baby kisser.（A）山姆是个圆滑的政客。

（B）山姆有恋童倾向。（C）山姆欺负小孩。

（D）山姆是个婴儿杀手。

65）A cat may look at a king.（A）动物和人的差别有那么大吗？（B）一只猫和国王对视。（C）一只猫也可以看到国王。（D）小人物也有权利。

66）My husband and I led a cat and dog life.（A）我和我丈夫过着平凡幸福的日子。（B）我和我丈夫过着猫狗不如的日子。（C）我和我丈夫过着衣食无忧的生活。（D）我和我丈夫过着争争吵吵的日子。67）The boss hit the ceiling.（A）老板剥削员工。（B）老板打扫卫生。（C）老板大发雷霆。（D）老板心情郁闷。

68）She is a fox in a lamb's skin.（A）她黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。（B）她总是一意孤行。（C）她的伪装并不高明。（D）她是个口蜜腹剑的人。

69）Carrie never changes her mind at pleasure.（A）凯莉从来不会高高兴兴地改变主意。（B）凯莉从不随意改变主意。（C）凯莉高兴时从不会改变主意。（D）一不高兴凯莉就改变主意。70）He made a pass at Mary.（A）他对玛丽暗送秋波。（B）他对玛丽恶语相向。（C）他对玛丽不理不睬。（D）他向玛丽招手致意。

71）He has made a real dog's breakfast.76）Bath Festival is just around the corner.（A）他为狗准备早餐也很认真。（A）巴斯音乐节邀请的人并不太多。（B）他把事情搞得一团糟。（B）巴斯音乐节就在街头拐角附近举行。（C）他做事井井有条。（C）巴斯音乐节即将到来。（D）他做事磨磨蹭蹭。（D）巴斯音乐节地位并不重要。72）Her opinion is all my eye.77）Why is Mary like April weather?（A）她的观点我完全同意。（A）玛丽为什么会喜欢变幻无常的气候？（B）她的想法，我十分清楚。（B）为什么玛丽喜怒无常？（C）她的观点都是胡说八道。（C）为什么玛丽就像四月的天气？（D）她认为我一直在看她。（D）为什么玛丽喜欢四月的气候？ 73）Mike carried the can for his son.78）I wore my Sunday clothes.（A）麦克替他儿子办其不会的事情。（A）我穿着祈祷时的衣服。（B）迈克替他儿子值班。（B）我穿着休闲服。（C）迈克替他儿子去开会。（C）我穿着我最好的衣服。（D）迈克替他儿子背黑锅。（D）我穿着正装。74）Bill is an American China trader.79）She is in her birthday suit.（A）比尔是一个美籍华裔商人。（A）她的穿着很朴素。（B）比尔是一个从事对华贸易的美国商人。（B）她穿着生日的服装。（C）比尔是一个华籍美国商人。（C）她盛装出席了生日晚会。（D）比尔是一个从事中美贸易的商人。（D）她什么都没有穿。75）Gary spoke at length about the bridge.80）Tom asked after you.（A）最后，加里终于谈到了这座桥梁。（A）汤姆问候你。（B）加里详细地讲述了有关那座桥的事。（B）汤姆在背后打听你的消息。（C）加里讲了大桥建设的进度。（C）汤姆在后面叫你。（D）加里绘声绘色地描述那座桥的长度。（D）汤姆是在你后面提的问。

二、以下每题两分，10题，共20分。

（81）和他们在一起我们觉得最舒服，自然而然我们也愿意和这样家境相仿，门当户对的人结交。

（A）We tend to be most comfortable with them, and therefore we tend to link up with people whose families are often much like our own.（B）We enjoying staying with them, so naturally we would like to make friends with such people with similar family background and so as to be well matched for marriage.（C）We feel very cozy with them, therefore, we involuntarily are willing to associate with people well matched in family financial situation and social status.（D）We feel most comfortable with them, and naturally we are wiling to get associated with people of similar family conditions in finance and status.（82）一个忠实的朋友在众口铄金之下也能保持忠实。

（A）A loyal friend will stay loyal under enormous amounts of thoughtless abuse.（B）An Achates is always trustworthy even in circumstances where the public clamor has confounded right and wrong（C）A faithful friend can never sway from fidelity even in face of numerous slanders from all directions.（D）A devoted friend remains faithful and loyal even when faced up with overwhelming unreasonable scoldings.（83）届时必有一人代他兴起，续其王位，使横征暴敛者遍行国内华丽之地。然而该王不多日驾崩，却不因忿怒、亦不因征战。

（A）And there shall stand up in his place, one most vile, and unworthy of kingly honor: and in a few days he shall be ruined, not in rage nor in fight.（B）Then in his place one will arise who will send an oppressor through the Jewel of his kingdom;yet within a few days he was shattered, though not in anger nor in expedition（C）Then shall stand up in his estate a raiser of taxes in the glory of the kingdom: but within few days he was destroyed, neither in anger, nor in battle.（D）In his stead another one shall arise by then who will send a fierce tax collector through the glorious places in the kingdom；but the new king shall soon meet his demise, though not in ire nor in crusade.（84）我爱的人名花有主，爱我的人惨不忍睹，不是在放荡中变坏，就是在沉默中变态。

（A）The person I fancy is a already a well-known flower that has a master, the person that loves me is horrible to look at, worsening in dissipation or turning abnormal in reticence.（B）I love the person is a precious flower that has the host, the person who loves me is in a messy state, if not going bad as a profligate, is rather becoming a pervert in silence.（C）The girl I love is the one that has got a fiancé;the girl that loves me is so ghastly miserable, either deteriorating in profligacy, or becoming morbid in quietitude.（D）The woman I am fond of belongs to another man, the woman who is fond of me is not an amiable lamb, either turning sour as a dissolute relict or becoming a pervert in tedium.（85）统治缅甸的军人执政团﹐不顾上周的台风肆虐﹐全国满目疮痍﹐哀鸿遍野﹐周六仍然举行预定的新宪法公投。

（A）The army group that reigns Burma, still held on Saturday the public voting as planned earlier, totally ignoring the devastated scene everywhere in the country with swarms of victims of the disaster caused by the gale.（B）In spite of the soring effects with widespread hunger across the whole nation caused by the violent typhoon last week, the military junta that rules Myanmar still carried out on Saturday the referendum of the new constitution as scheduled.（C）The Burmese military rulers held a planned referendum on a new constitution Saturday despite the widespread devastation caused by last week's fatal cyclone.（D）Regardless the Typhoon’s devastation last week, the military junta that reigns Burma would still carry out the referendum for the new constitution set on Saturday, in spite of the tragic scenes of the national devastation, and the vast wilderness filled with sufferers.（86）她会学动物的叫声，能惟妙惟肖地模仿马嘶和狗吠。

（A）She can imitate the calling of animals to fine resemblance, especially the whinny of the horses and the bowwow of the dogs.（B）She is good at imitating animals, and can hit off horses and dogs perfectly well.（C）She is able to imitate animals’ sound, remarkably true to life, especially horses’ neighing and dogs’ barking.（D）She imitates animal calls well, especially that of horses and dogs.（87）求职者对研究员职位，临时职位和博士后项目机会都饥不择食；

（A）All the job-seekers are hankering after every opportunity for getting a researcher’s position, a provisional post and a post-doctorate project.（B）Job-hunters are now not able to be choosy about positions such as temporary posts, research fellows’ and post Ph.D.programs.（C）The applicants are grabbing any opportunity to win a position of research fellow, a post-doctoral project, and even a temporary position.（D）Ph.D.recipients often cobble together fellowships, temporary positions or postdoctoral programs.（88）欲望过多，必然穷苦不足；恬不知耻，必然贫贱卑微；疑心太重，必然受人轻视；姿态太高，必然遭人排挤。（A）If you have too much unjustified desire, you will certainly always be in poverty;if you die to shame, you will certainly in straitened and humble circumstances;if you are over suspicious, you will certainly be disdained;if you are showing too high a profile, you will certainly be banished and squeezed out.（B）Overwhelmed by too much lust one is doomed to feel poverty-stricken;bereft of a sense of shame one is doomed to be contemptible;heavily loaded with suspicion one is doomed to be disdained;with too much conceit one is doomed to be exiled.（C）Desire leads to poverty.Loss of conscience leads to humiliation.Suspicion leads to contempt.Arrogance makes you unwelcome.（D）Too much demand allures enough poverty;shamelessness leads to lowliness;too much suspicion in mind suffers contempt;too high a posture invites banishment.（89）她们都擎着黑伞以躲避灼人的阳光，但对同样灼人的路边站着恬不知耻的观客的目光，她们毫不在意，从容走过。（A）Those women hide themselves from the scorching sun under their black umbrellas, whereas they would not give a damn to the same scorching stare of those shameless onlookers standing at the roadside.（B）Every one among those women took a black umbrella to shade themselves from the scorching sunbeams, but they remain so calm and poised at such an ease before the brazen tourists’ stare and glare when they were passing by.（C）The women protected themselves from the burning sun with a black umbrella and were quite oblivious to the effrontery of the people who watched them pass by.（D）These females held umbrellas to shun away from the burning sun, but they did not give a damn to the roadside onlookers’ impudent glare fixed on them when they went past.（90）“强制安装过滤软件完全是无聊的瞎折腾。”武汉晚报的编辑这样评论。（A）“The compulsory installation of filtering software is a whole lot of useless flopping about, ” said an editorial in The Wuhan Evening News.（B）It is commented editorially in The Wuhan Evening News that “The compulsory installation of filtering software is totally bromidic foolery.（C）“The compulsory installation of filtering software is totally an action of taking good pains for nothing,” commented in an editorial carried in The Wuhan Evening News.（D）“The installing of filtering software on computers in an compulsory way is absolutely senseless futile labor,” says the editor working with Wuhan Evening News.加试题10分：每题5分。共2题。（正题得到85分及以上者，加试题得分有效。）

（1）赛后新闻发布会上，丁俊晖右手托腮、两眼直勾勾地望着天花板，显得万般无奈。

（A）At the post-game press conference, with his chin in the right hand, Ding Junhui gazed at the top ceiling seeming so helpless and desperate.（B）During the news conference after the match, chin on the right hand, eyes looking straight to the ceiling, Ding appeared to be driven to despair.（C）At the news briefing after the game, fixing his eyes on the ceiling, with his cheek supported by his right hand, Ding Junhui was apparently so bitter and frustrated.（D）At the news press conference after the match, Mr.Ding Junhui with his palm supporting his cheek, staring at the ceiling slab, seemed full of sorrow and frustration.（2）这里穷山恶水，荒凉贫寒，曾令几多城里人望而却步。

（A）The badlands here, with poor mountains and torrential rivers so dreary and poverty-stricken, let so many townspeople shrink back at the sight of such desolation.（B）With such unfavorable geographical conditions, the barren mountains and poverty-stricken desolation, this place had deterred so many city dwellers from coming to this land.（C）Here barren hills and untamed rivers, so desolate and poor, once discouraged many city people.（D）The extreme condition of poor geographical environment, desolation and poverty, had shattered many towns people’s idea of coming to settle down in this area.2010翻译大赛初赛试题（英语专业）参考答案

正题满分共100分。加试题满分10分。如果正题得分达到85分，加试题有效，一、选出最佳译文，每题一分。共80分。

01）（A）02）（C）03）（C）04）（D）05）（C）06）（A）07）（B）08）（D）09）（C）10）（B）11）（B）12）（A）13）（B）14）（B）15）（B）16）（A）17）（D）18）（B）19）（D）20）（C）21）（D）22）（C）23）（A）24）（B）25）（B）26）（C）27）（A）28）（B）29）（C）30）（D）31)（B）32）（A）33）（A）34）（D）35）（C）36）（B）37）（B）38）（D）39）（C）40）（D）41）（D）42）（D）43）（A）44）（D）45）（B）46）（C）47）（A）48）（B）49）（C）50）（C）51）（C）52）（B）53）（B）54）（C）55）（C）56）（D）57）（B）58）（B）59）（B）60）（D）61）（B）62）（A）63）（A）64）（A）65）（D）66）（D）67）（C）68）（D）69）（B）70）（A）71）（B）72）（C）73）（D）74）（B）75）（B）

76）（C）77）（B）78）（C）79）（D）80）（A）

二、以下每题两分，10题，共20分。

（81）（D）（82）（D）（83）（D）（84）（C）（85）（B）（86）（B）（87）（C）（88）（B）（89）（D）（90）（B）

加试题10分：每题5分。共2题。（正题得到85分及以上者，加试题得分有效。）

（1）（C）（2）（B）

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