外研版初二英语上册知识点总结

第一篇：外研版初二英语上册知识点总结

外研版初二英语上册知识点总结

MODULE1

1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。

2、如有now ,look!,listen, at the moment....用现在进行时，结构是be(am, is, are)+v-ing

3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next....用一般将来时，结构：will + v原

be going to +v原（没有动词用be）

4、如有yesterday,......ago , last....just now.....用一般过去时动词加ed give sb.Sth.=give sth.to sb.给某人某物

every day每天，write down 写下，记下write it(them)down

everyday每天的，日常的, how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样

each other 互相.thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢

回答That's all right.=You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Not at all.Why don't you+V原...=why not+...V原 为什么不

help sb.with sth.在某方面帮助别人

help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事

with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物 watch sb.do sth.看到某人做了某事，（现在没有做，做过）

watch sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（正在做）see, hear类似

remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事，未做事

remember doing sth.相起记得做过某事

forget to do sth.忘记要做某事

forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 welcome back欢迎回来，new term新学期 this term这学期 ，next term 下学学期, last term上学期，give you some advice给你一些建议, why not 为什么不，make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误, correct spelling正确的拼写，what else?=what other things? 还有什么 a piece of advice 一条建议，follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议, send sth to sb.=send sb.sth.寄给某人

send for派人去请/取

send up发射.all the time一直

enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快 lots of =a lot of =many(可数)much(不可数)许多 ，, spend : sb.spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事

sb.spend some time(in)doing sth.某人花费时间做某事

Sb.spend some money on sth.某人花费钱买某物

Sb.spend some money(in)buying sth.某人花费钱买某物

Cost: sth.cost sb.some money 某物花去某人钱

pay:

sb.pay some money for sth.某人支付钱

Take: It takes(took)sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间

ask for 请求，要求，ask sb.for sth.向某人要某物

ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事

a piece of一块

enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ing

place sth.in =put sth.in 把某物放在…里面

else常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格为else's.take a deep breath深呼吸，catchhold one's breath屏住呼吸, out of breath上气不接下气，wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事, the number of …的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单, a number of =many,大量，许多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式。a large number of，a small number of , invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事

find+ it+ adj+to do sth.发现做某事怎么样

try to do sth.尽力做事

try doing sth.尝试做某事

try not to do sth.尽力不做某事

try one's best尽某人最大的努力, a group of 一组，一群，borrow sth from sb.从某人处借入某物, lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物

keep借一段时间 practice doing sth.,练习做做某事

come from=be from来自, look for 寻找，look after=care for=take care of照顾 look up 向上看，查阅，look like看起来像, look at 看着，look on sb.as把某人看作，look forward to doing sth.盼望，期待做某事

look over检查，翻阅 , look out当心，向外看 ，look through仔细查看, be ready for =get ready for=prepare for为…，be ready准备好 , be(get)ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事 translate…into… 将…译成…，take a message捎个信，leave a message留个信，be good for 对…有好处，be good at =do well in擅长于…

be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅长…

Think of

想起，think about想出，think over仔细考虑，else修饰不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody, nobody和who, what,when,where时放后，四说，1,speak说语言，2.say说内容，3,talk与谁说，4,tell告诉，讲述，四看，1,watch观看电视，比赛和表演，2,see看人，电影，医生，风景，3,read看书，报，4,look就看。

看场电影要用see，读书看报用read 电视、戏剧、比赛，凡是表演用watch,observe细观察，一时注意用notice.make+宾语+补足语（形容词）使某人某物怎么样。

.make+宾语+do 让某人做某事

make+宾语+过去分词

使某人被怎么样；make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，hear of听说，hear from收到某人的来信，be bad for对…有害，it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.写性格，品质 kind, good nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。

It is+adj+for sb +to do sth.对物的评价difficult,easy hard,dangerous,important,等 write to… 给…写信，next to 在…旁边，do some concerts办音乐会，speak to sb.和某人讲话，say hello to sb.给某人问好，say bye to sb.向某人说再见，show sb.around somewhere带某人参观某地，learn sth from sb.向某人学习choose the correct answers选择正确答案，correct the mistakes改错, match …with…把…和…搭配起来

建议：1.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?

2.How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?

3.You should /can do sth.4.Remember to do sth.5.Don't forget to do sth.6.can you do sth ?

7.Let's do sth.8.It'sa good idea to do

9.would you like to do ?

10.Shall we do

11.You'd better(not)do sth.回答：That's a good idea.Thanks a lot.Great, OK.That's right.All right.Good idea.Sure.MODULE

2现在完成时：

1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或结果，常与recently, ever, never,already,yet ,just,before still连用；

2.表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for+时间段或since+时间点连用。

结构：have(has)+过去分词，get into=enter进入，what's the price of …=how much is …问价格 dream about梦到，dream of 梦见，around the world=all over the world全世界，stay with sb.与某人呆一起 stay in bed呆在床上 ，stay at home呆在家里, take off 脱下，起飞，land on/in /at 着路, all over China,全中国，take a seat =have a seat请坐 , come ture实现，fly to =go to...by plane(by air),坐飞机 drive to =go to …by car开车，walk to =go to…on foot步行去

sell out 卖光，at the end 在结束时，at the end of在…尽头/结尾 , have been to去过（现在不在那儿），have gone to 去了（现在不在说话地）everyday English日常英语，first price一等奖，The most exciting experience最激动人心的经历，before long不久，long before=soon=a little later很久以前，no problem没问题，have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困难，work out a problem解决一个问题，invite sb to do sth,邀请某人做某事

invite sb to some place邀请某人去某地, one day,某一天，（过去或将来）

some day某一天（将来）, 连系动词，一是be(am, is ,are ,was ,were,)一感觉feel，一保持keep，三变become,get turn，四起来taste ,smell , look, sound，后跟形容词作表语。

不定代词：somebody, some one某人，anybody,anyone任何人nobody,no one，没人everyone,everybody每个人,something某物 ,anything任何物,nothing没事,everything一切事物，修饰他们的形容词放后。

different kinds of =all kinds of 不同种类的，各种各样的，by the end of 到…末为止，不迟于

give a concert=give concerts举办音乐会，in the end =finally，最后，终于，take a photo=take photos照相，店

cook sth for sb.=cook sb.sth.为某人做饭buy,make such+a /an +adj+单数名词=so +adj+a/an+单数名词(名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so,little属特殊，“小”用such,少用so.)

交通工具的乘坐，take the(a)+交通工具to , =go...by+交通工具=go...on /in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽车只能用in，其余的可用in ,on);

walk to some where=go to...on foot;

fly to somewhere.=go....by plane ride to somewhere=go...by bike，drive to somewhere=go to by car, a kind of一种 ，be kind to sb对某人友善

.since then从那时起，take off 脱下，起飞，请假，reckon=consider =regard =think考虑，认为, be reckoned(to be),被以为

reckon....as...相当于 regard...as...把当成 in the photo,在照片里

go abroad,出国

be abroad,在国外

travel abroad,到国外旅行

sell out,卖光

sell to , 卖给某人

sell well卖得好 , 四个也：also,肯定，行前be 后；too肯定，句末；either,否定，句末；as well,肯定，句末。

go to sleep,去睡觉

the price of,....的价格，形容价格用high,low。sell sth at a high price,以高价出售，sell sth at a low price,以低价出售。yet ,用于完成时态的否定句和疑问句中；have a wonderful time 玩得高兴, would like to do sth=want to do sth,想要做某事

would like sb.to do sth=wat sb to do sth想要某人做某事 MODULE3 already早已，用于完成时的肯定,； yet,用于完成时的否定和疑问； just,用于完成时

just now=a moment ago用于过去时，arrive at(小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get to ,到达

bring,从外往里拿，take ,从里往外拿，carry无方向，fetch往返拿，more than ,=over,多于

less than,少于

alone,个体单独，独自；

lonely,孤独，寂寞，也表示荒凉，most of....的大多数，a visit to 对...的参观，on a visit to....,参观...for a visit 参观，pay a visit to ,拜访

as...as....和....一样

not as...as..=not so...as 不如, so...that如此...以致于....如果that后是否定,就可以用too...to转换,如果是肯定就用,形容+enough(for sb)to do sth.be famous for 因...面著名(原因)，be famous as以...身份或产地而著名 prefer doing sth.to doing sth.=like doing sth better than doing sth更喜欢做某事, prefer to 更喜欢...prefer to do sth rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事, return from a visit to 从...访问返回，be named after 以...的名字命名, be proud of 以....自豪，be up to sb.由某人决定, up to 从事于,忙于，space station在太空站, show sth to sb.=show sb sth把某物给某人看，on business出差,因...公事, 在...的上面

over,在..上面,正上方,中间有段空间,反义为under on 在...上面,贴着物表,反义beneath，above在..上方,高出,反义below in the sky=in the air在天空中，by air=by plane坐飞机, in the last three years在过去三年里,用于现在完成时, none 用于三个以上的全否定，反义为all；neither两个都不，反义为both, the lastest news,最新消息，share sth.with sb.与分享某物

MODULE4 get on /along with sb,与...相处，get on well with sb.与...相处融洽

hear about ,hear of 听说，in fact实际上, the Hope Schools,希望学校

look after=take care of =care for,照顾 drop out of school,缀学

take part in, 参加 pay for ,支付,付钱

how long ,多长时间

how soon,多久

get on badly with ,与...相处不好

hear from sb.收到某人的信,电子邮件等

on the farm ,在农场上 in the last+一段时间,in th past +一段时间in the recent+ 一段时间,这三个用于现在完成时

because of因为......，sell sth.to sb.=sell sb.sth.,把某物卖给某人 buy sth from...buy sth for sb..给某人买东西

get an education接受教育, take part in=join参加，in good/bad health身体健康/不健康, care about关心,在乎，take care 当心, how often隔多久一次，stop doing sth.停止做某事, stop to do sth.停下来去做别的事，dress /undressr+人, put on/wear/take off+衣，drop out 退出,离队, drop in 顺便来访，drop out of school 退学

point at 指着，point to 指向,put on one's clothes穿上衣服

with the help of sb.=wiht sb's help 在别人的帮助下without the help of sb.无人帮助的情况

at home and abroad在国内外

非延续性动词变为延续动词：

buy--have open--be open join--be in

borrow--keep die---be dead leave--be away

come here---be here go there--be there begin--be on finish--be over

make friends--be friends get ready--be ready buy--get /have

arrive/get to /reach/come--be in be at /stay, put on--have on /wear get up--be up 可延续性动词不可以与for 或since 连用，非延续性动词的否定式也可以和for /since连用.other其他的，另外的，别的；

another另一个人或事物；

the other两个中的另一个；

the others其余的，剩下的人或事物； others其他的，另外的，别的人或物

MODULE 5 on earth ,究竟，到底，可用在when ,what ,who,where,how ,which,why 等之后，相当于in the world,用在否定句中相当于not...at all；

a fan of ,...的迷

give a concert =give concerts,举行音乐会 be famous for ,因..而著名(后+人或物某方面的特点,特长)be famous as ,作为...而闻名(后+身份职业)

at the age of =when sb.was...years old, 在...岁的时候

not only....but also..不仅..而且(就近原则)上

classical music,古典音乐 belong to ,属于

sth belong to sb.物属于人

across ,从一定范围内的一边到另一边,表面进行through,从中间通过或穿过,里面进行;over上方通过,不接触表面;hear of 听说，be born出生，go through穿过，I'm not sure我不确定，I'm sure肯定, make sb.+adj使某人怎么样，make sb.do sth.使某人做某事, take sb.around带人四处走走，a piece of music一首乐曲, in addition to 除...以外,buy him a guitar=buy a guitar for him给某人买吉他, go on with sth.继续做某事，go on doing sth.继续做某事, die of 患..而死,常接hunger, cold, illness,cancer内部原因, die from由于..,而死,常接a wound ,an accident,carelessness外部原因, learn to do sth学做某事，learn from sb.向某人学习, Learn...by heart熟记,背诵，learn one's lesson from...从...中吸取教训, 反意疑问句: 1.先断“定”,判断是否定或肯定.如有not ,never, few, little, hardly, no ,nobody,seldom,nothing等词,则是否定,后面该用肯定.2.后找“动”,观察前面的动词,若含有或情态动词直接用,若为实义动词原形,用do,三单用does,过去式用did, had better用had 3.换代,主语定代词,三单用he ,she ,it ,复用they we;somebody,nobody 类似的用

they,和thing一起的用

4.肯定祈使句，反问句部分可用will you /won't you ？否定祈使句，用will you ？

5.Let's...用shall we?

let us....用will you?, 6.在think,believe,suppose+从句结构中，疑问句部分与从句保持一致，同时主句的否定转移到从句中;但第二，三人称与主句保持一致：I don't think you have done it ,have you? /He doesn't think you have done it ,does he?即：当主句人称是一，从句是二时，看二；当主句是三时，就看三。7.回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定

,No+否定 give sb.sth=give sth.to sb.给某人某物,give in投降, give up doing sth 放弃，give out 分发, give a way to 对...让步，on the earth在地球上, both....and既....又.....就近原则

neither....nor既不....又不,就近原则 either...or要么....要么.there be, not only...but also就近原则， may be可能是.maybe=perhaps大概,也许

In addition to..除...以外(还有)=besides，but 除..之外，常与否定意义词连用,当but前有do时but后接原形，except,除....之外(不包括)on holiday度假，of course=,sure当然 all types of呼种 ，part time job,一份兼职工作 on one's own独自 ，be led by由....带领

MODULE 6

过去进行时

用法：1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或正存在的状态，一般常和at that time,at 点yesterday,then,last night,this time yesterday ,the whole morning,when I arrived 等特定的过去时间连用。

2.表示一个过去动作发生时或发生之后,另一个动作正在进行或两个延续性过去的动作同时进行,常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用。结构：was /were +V-ing

go on 继续，go on doing sth继续做某事(同一件事), go on to do sth 继续做某事(另一件事)，go on with sth继续做同一件事,但中间暂停过，How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近况如何?

by the river,在河边

at this time yesterday昨天 的这个时候，in a tree=in the tree ,在树上(外来物)on a tree =on the tree,在树上,(树本身的)

smile at sb.朝着某人微笑, laugh at sb.嘲笑某人

fall into ,掉进,跌入

fall off 掉下来，fall behind ,落后,跟不上 fall in love with,爱上

be careful,小心 by mistake由于出错

at taht /this time在那/这时

have nothing to do 没事可做, nothing strange没什么奇怪的，take sth.out of....把...从...拿出来，happen to do sth.碰巧做某事

感官动词see ,hear ,watch,feel ,notice,smell,taste后+名词或代词+动词原形(表示动作已经发生)后+名词或代词+Ving(表示动作正在进行)under th hedge在树篱下面，go down下去, think about 考虑，think of想起，认为 , think over仔细考虑，think out,想出

think hard,努力想，努力思考

What happened to sb.?某人发生了什么事？ be on 上演，go off熄灭，停，英语中当几个单数人称同时作主语时，先后顺序是“二、三、一” not...until直到....才......(主句中常用非延续性动词)till/until直到......为止(主句中常用延续性动词)something wrong with...,出了毛病,lie in bed 躺在床上, jump out of从...跳出来 ,on one's way to someplace,在某人去某地的路上 on one's way home在某人回家的路上,from....to,从...到....(动词+Ving)when,while ,as的区别

当...时候

When可与持续性动词连用,表示“一段时间,”也可与短暂性动词连用,表示“时刻”.主句的动作可以与从句的动作同时发生,也可以先后发生.如果主从句都是短暂性动词时,只能用When While表示主句和从句的动作同时发生.其从句的动词必须为延续性动词,从句多用进行时态,也可用表示状态的动词的一般时态.如果主从句都是进行时,只能用While as与When同义,但as指主句的动作和从句的动作交替进行或同步发展.wear out 穿坏,穿旧,用坏，cheer up 使振奋;使兴奋, follow one's advice听从某人的建议，look into向...的里面看, stop to do sth.停下做另一件事

stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop...from doing sth.阻止....做某事，what kind哪种, a kind of一种，all kinds of =different kinds of 各种各样的, kind of =a bit=a little 有点，walk along沿着....走, by mistake 错误地，无意地，by oneself单独，独立地, by the way, 顺便说

墙的表面用on，墙的内部用in have something to do有事可做 ,have something to eat有可吃的东西 , have nothing to drink没有什么喝的东西

feel tired感到疲劳

no one,一般不与of连用，动词用单数，只指人，一般用来回答who none ,可与of连用，动词可用单数或复数，指人或物，回答how many /how much引导的问句，以及含any+n 的一般问句 Nothing，指物，动词用单数，without doing sth.没做，be tired=get tired累了，during the day 一整天，被动语态的结构是：be+及物动词的过去分词

变法：1主+谓+宾语.将宾语变作主语,将谓语变被动语态,将主语变by宾语.2.主+谓+间宾+直宾

将间接宾语变作主语,谓语变成被动语态,直接宾语不变.3主+谓+直宾+间宾+to或for 将直变主,将谓变被告,其余不变.by原主 4.主+谓+宾+宾补 宾作主,谓变被,其余不变,by原主.5.主+谓+宾+宾补(let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, notice,observe,look at ,listen

to)变为被动时，后加to 6.主+短语动词+宾语，宾作主，短变被，其余不变,by原主.7.带有be going to,be about to ,be to ,have to ,used to ,be supposed to ,be sure to 等要将to后来动词变以被动 8.被动语态的每种时态

第二篇：外研版四年级上册英语知识点总结

四年级英语复习资料

一、Numbers数字: 1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 4 four, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight, 9 nine, 10 ten, 11 eleven, twelve, 13thirteen 14 fourteen, 15 fifteen, 16 sixteen, 17 seventeen, 18 eighteen, nineteen, 20 twenty, 21 twenty-one, 22 twenty-two, 23 twenty-three, 24 twenty-four 25 twenty-five 26 twenty-six 27 twenty-seven 28 twenty-eight 29 twenty-nine thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty, 60 sixty, 70 seventy, 80 eighty, 90 ninety, 100 one hundred.二、Colour颜色: red红色，green绿色，blue蓝色，yellow黄色，purple紫色，pink粉色，white白色，orange橙色，black黑色，三、Directions方向: go straight on直着走 turn left 向左转 turn right 向右转 up↑向上 down↓向下

四、Months月份：

January一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June六月July七月

August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December十二月

五、缩写与完整形式：

I’m=I am，he’s=he is，she’s=she is，it’s=it is you’re=you are，we’re=we are，they’re=they are there’s=there is，there’re=there are haven’t=have not，can’t=can not，don’t=do not, isn’t=is not，aren’t=are not，六、单复数：

I→we，you→you，she/he/it→they man→men

people→people

picture→pictures point→points

friend→friends

house→houses vegetable→vegetables

thing→things

party→parties

child→children

soup→soup

七、现在分词：

（去e加ing）write→writing,take→taking，make→making, ride→riding，（双写加ing）swim→swimming

run→running，get→getting，(直接加ing)

play→playing

listen→listening，read→reading，look→looking，row→rowing，drink→drinking

want→wanting，cook→cooking

jump→jumping，wash→washing，draw→drawing，talk→talking，visit→visiting，count→counting，do→doing，watch→watching

turn→turning，八、重点短语句子

1、Here’s a dog.这有一只小狗.It’s lost.它迷路了 Excuse me.Where’s No.2 Park Street ,please? turn left 左转

turn right右转

go straight on直着走

Thank you very mush！十分感谢

You are welcome！不客气

behind the door 在门后面 up the hill上山

down the hill下山

near the house房屋附近

at the station 在车站

2、Look at these pictures.看这些图片。

write a letter 写一封信

do homework做家庭作业

3、Let’s get on the bus.We can see lots of interesting things.让我们上公交车吧.我们能看到许多有趣的事情 in the park在公园

on the lake在湖上

under the tree在树下

I’m hungry.我饿了。

It’s next to a supermarket.它在一家超市的旁边。This is my friend, Lingling.这是我的朋友，玲玲。

4、Do you want some rice? 你想要一些米饭吗？

Chinese fast food!中国快餐

Here you are.给你。How mush is it? 多少钱？ It’s six yuan for ten.6元十个

make dumplings 做饺子

5、Can you run fast?你能跑得快吗？I’m afraid I can’t.我恐怕不能

jump high 跳高

jump far跳远

ride fast骑得快

I’m the winner.我是冠军。

6、Come here!过来

It’s very dark.太黑了

Can I come in? 我能进来吗？ Yes,of course.当然

7、There is a horse in this photo.照片里有一个小马

8、I’m from the UK.我来自英国

9、sports day 运动日

10、Happy New Year!新年快乐

Spring Festival春节

Merry Christmas！圣诞快乐

九、正在进行时

What are you doing? 你正在干什么？ I’m ……我正在……

She’s writing a letter.I’m doing my homework.She’s talking to her friend.He’s playing with a toy train.He’s reading a book.He’s taking pictures.I’m listening to music.I’m watching TV.I’m playing football.I’m playing basketball.I’m playing table tennis.I’m running.I’m jumping.I’m swimming.They’re doing taijiquan.They’re rowing a dragon boat.They’re playing chess.They’re drinking soya milk.I’m making dumplings.I’m cooking vegetables.I’m making cakes.I’m making some soup.I’m making some noodles.十、一般将来时（be going to 打算，将要）What are you going to do? 你打算做什么？ We’re going to go to Hainan.我们打算去海南。We’re going to visit …...我们准备去参观……

We’re going to go to the zoo.我们打算去动物园。We’re going to have a Sports Day.我们打算过一个运动日

Are you going to run on Sports Day?

十二、重点问答

1、Where is the train?火车在哪里？ It’s at the strain.它在车站

2、Do you want some rice？你想吃一些米饭吗？ Yes, please./ No, thank you.是的，给我一些吧/不，谢谢你

3、Can you run fast? 你能跑得快吗？

Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.是的，我能。/ 不，我不能。

4、Can I have some sweets? 我可以吃些糖吗？ Yes，you can./Here you are.是的，你可以。/给你。Sorry, you can’t.对不起，不可以。

十三、问候与介绍：

Good morning/afternoon/evening/night!早上/下午/晚上/晚安！

This is Cheng Dong.He’s my brother.这是陈东，他是我兄弟。How are you? 你好吗？ I’m fine,thanks./thank you 我很好，谢谢

Nice to meet you.见到你很高兴。

Nice to meet you，too.见到你也很高兴。

What’s your name? 你叫什么名字。My name’s Helen.我的名字叫海伦

十四、.复习巩固特殊疑问句：(1)What do you want to eat?(2)What are you doing ?(3)What are they doing ?(4)Where is it？

十五、做题技巧

1、肯定句变否定句：在be动词后加not,其余顺序不

变

2、一般疑问句：把be动词或can放句首，其余顺序

不变，句末加问号

3、特殊疑问句的提问：根据划线部分判断用what（什

么）还是where（哪里），加be动词，加主语 We’re going to go by plane.我们准备乘飞机去。We’re going to get up at five o’clock.我们打算五点钟起床 I’m going to go to Hong Kong.我打算去香港。I’m going to swim in the sea.我打算在海里游泳。---Where are you from? 你来自哪里？

---I’m from China.我来自中国。

I’m going to visit my grandpa.我准备去探望我的祖父。I’m going to run the 100 metres.我准备参加100米赛跑 I’m going to go to thirty-five birthday parties this year.今年我将要参加35个生日聚会。

They’re going to go to Beijing.他们打算去北京。She’s going to Chengdu.她打算去成都。You’re going to run the 200 metres.你打算去参加200米赛跑。

Come on！加油，赶快！Good luck!祝你好运！

Happy birthday to you!祝你生日快乐！

十一、there be句型（there be+名词+状语）There is a horse in this photo.There are some nice photos.There are twelve boys on the bike.There are three chickens in the photo.

第三篇：最新外研版英语七年级上册知识点总结

最新外研版英语七年级上册知识点总结

Module1

Classmates

1.be from = come from 来自

I am from China.= I come from China.我来自中国。

Where are you from? = Where do you come from? 你来自哪儿？

2.---What’s your name?

---What’s his name?

---What’s her name?

---My name is Tom./ I’m Tom.---His name is Daming.---Her name is Lingling.3.---How old are you?

---How old is he / she?

---I’m 15 years old.---He / she is 14 years old.4.---What class are you in?

---What class is he in?

---I am in Class 1, Grade 7.---He is in Class 1, Grade 7.5.Good to see you.= Nice to see you.= Glad to see you.见到你很高兴。

6.What about „= How about „ 怎么样（询问）What / How about your school life? 7.the capital of„ „的首都

Beijing is the capital of China.8.a very big city 一个非常大的城市

Shanghai is a very big city.9.first name = given name 名字

last name = family name 姓

10.welcome to sp.欢迎来到某地

Welcome to China.11.I’m from China.I’m Chinese.I can speak Chinese.I’m from England.I’m English.I can speak English.12.I am from China, too.I can also speak English.I don’t like the book , either.13.Is everyone here today? 今天大家到齐了吗？

14.Chinese: 中国人，中国的 I am Chinese.中国人

I am a Chinese girl.中国的English: 英国人，英国的 I am English.英国人

I am an English girl.英国的作文1 About myself.My name is Tom./ I’m Tom.I’m a student in No.3 Middle School.I am 15 years old.I’m from China and I am Chinese.I can speak English , too.I am in Class 1, Grade 7.I like sports./ I like doing sports.My favourite sport is basketball./ Playing basketball is my favourite sport.范文2

My friend

This is my friend.His name is Tom.He is from America.Now he is in Beijing.He is 13 years old.He’s in No.14 Middle School.He is in Class One, Grade One.We’re in the same class.His father is a teacher.He teaches English.His mother is a teacher , too.His parents are in the same school.But his parents aren’t in our school.Module2

My family Vocabulary:

A family: father—mother dad(daddy)—mum(mom)/ mummy parent –parents

uncle —aunt brother—sister son—daughter husband—wife man--woman

boy — girl grandfather-– grandmother grandpa –-grandma grandparent – grandparents cousin B job: a driver, a farmer, a worker, a manager, a teacher, a student, a doctor, a nurse，a singer, a writer, an actor, an actress, a policeman, policewoman，C place: at a bus station, in a hospital, in a hotel, at a theatre, on a farm, at school，in the shop, in a factory 1.I have an elder brother.哥哥

She has a younger / little sister.妹妹

2.This is a photo of my family.一张我的全家福

My family is a big one.家庭

This is Jim’s family tree.家谱

My family are watching TV now.家人

3.on the left 在左边

on the right 在右边

on the left / right of 在…的左边 / 右边

4.next to 在…旁边，紧挨着 = beside = near

5.in front of 在…前面（相对独立）

in the front of 在„„前部（在…内部）

There is a tree in front of the house.There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.6.at the bus station 在公共汽车站

at school 在学校

at the same hospital 在同一所医院

at a police station 在警局

7.(be)in hospital（生病）住院

in the hospital 在医院

Tom is ill in hospital because he is ill.Tom’s father works in the hospital.8.in the photo 照片上

There is a big house in the photo.9.a manager of a theater = a theater manager 一个剧院经理

10.a manager of a hotel = a hotel manager 一个旅馆经理

11.a bus driver 一位公共汽车司机

a farm worker 一位农场工人 a shop worker 一名店员

an English teacher 一位英语老师

12.man – woman(men – women)a woman doctor – women doctors 女医生

a man teacher – men teachers 男老师

There are three men teachers in the office.13.Is this / that your family? → Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.Are these / those your parents? → Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.14.Who is this?

Who is this boy?

Who are the boy and the girl? They are my friends.15.问职业：

What is your mother? = What does your mother do? = What is your mother’s job?

What be + 名词（主语）？

What do / does + 主语 +do? What be one’s job? 16.介绍家庭常用的句型。

1)This is a photo of my family.2)I have a big / small family.3)There are ____ people in my family.They are _____ and I.4)This is „ and this is „.5)My father / mother is a ________ in a ________.6)I love my family very much./ I have a happy family.范文：

My family

I have a big and happy family.There are six people in my family.They are my grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, my brother and me.This is my grandfather Henry.He is 65 years old.And Maria is my grandmother.She is 63 years old this year.These are my parents.My father is George, He is 37 years old.He is a doctor.My mother’s name is Sandra.She is 34 years old.My little brother is Tom.He is an eight-year-old boy.My name is Lily and I am 12 years old.I am a student.I love my family.Module3 My school Vocabulary:

A: in the dining hall(have meals), in the library(read books), in the office(work)，on the playground(do sports), in the sports hall(play table tennis)

on the blackboard, in the classroom, in the computer room(play computer)

at the school gate, in the science lab, on the desk，a map, a television, a dictionary, a teaching building, a classroom building, a science building, an office building, some furniture

B: in, on, near = next to = beside, at / in front of, in the front of, on the left / right of, in the middle of, between„and

C: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety, hundred 1.a lot of furniture, a piece of furniture :一件家俱

There is lots of furniture in my room.Furniture是不可数名词

2.a map of China, a map of the world, a map of England, a map of America 3.There is a map of the world on the wall.There are 4 windows in the wall.4.There are many apples on the tree.There is a bird in the tree.5.There is a tree in front of the house.The driver is sitting in the front of the bus.6.This is the classroom building with 24 classrooms.这座教学楼有24间教室。

7.The building is for science.这座楼是科技楼。

8.What is your classroom like?

→ It’s very big.What is your brother like?

→ He is friendly.What is the weather like today? → It’s sunny.9.The gym is next to the office.= Next to the office is the gym.10.go to school 上学

leave school 毕业

主语 + be +方位

方位 + be + 主语

There be句型总结：

1.there be 句型表示 在某地或某时 有某物或某人。

There be + 某物 / 某人 + 地点/ 时间

There are 50 students / 50 desks in the classroom.There will be a party tomorrow.2.there be句型就近原则：be动词由其后接的最近的名词来决定其单复数。

1)There is a book and some boxes on the desk.2)There are some boxes and a book on the desk.3)There is some water in the cup.3.there be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：

① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who's+介词短语?”；当主语是物时;用“What's + 介

词短语?”。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：

There are many books over there.→What's over there?

There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用”Where is / are+主语”。例如：

There is a computer on the desk.→ Where is the computer?

There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?

③ 对数量提问：

How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语 ？

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？ 例如：

There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year? There is some money in my wallet.→How much money is there in your wallet? 4.there be 句型的时态：be有一般现在时，一般过去时，将来时和完成时。

There are more and more high buildings in the city.There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。

There is going to be a meeting tonight.= There will be a meeting tonight.There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。

描述学校常用的句型：

1.Welcome to my school.2.Let me tell you something about my school.3.This is a map of my school.4.There is / are „„ in my school.5.It is + 方位.6.I think my school is very big and beautiful.7.We all like it very much.范文：

My school

My school is very big.There is a library and some offices.The library is in front of the offices.There are some science labs, too.They are next to the offices.There is a teaching building and a sports hall.The teaching building is next to the offices and there are nineteen classrooms in the teaching building.The sports hall is next to the teaching building.There is a dining hall behind the teaching building and there are some computer rooms behind the offices.I love my school very much.Module4

Healthy food

一、Vocabulary

Fruit: apple, orange, banana, pear, strawberry, blueberry Meat: beef, pork, chicken, fish.Vegetables: beans, tomatoes, potatoes, carrots, Drink: tea, water, milk, juice, cola, coffee, Candy: chocolate, sugar Others: rice, noodles, ice cream, hamburger, bread，表示数量：a bottle of milk, a cup of tea, a glass of water, a box of chocolate, a basket of eggs, a bowl of rice, a plate of fish, a piece of bread, a kilo of meat, a kind of fruit, many kinds if fruits 形容词(adj.): delicious, sour, sweet, hot, fresh, big, small，二、单词与句型：

1.Is your food and drink healthy? 饮食

Let’s go for a drink.一杯饮料

Milk and water are healthy drinks.饮料（种类）

I drink a glass of milk every day.V.（动词）喝

2.Do you have any fruit?

水果（总称）不可数名词

There are many kinds of fruits in the supermarket.水果（种类）

3.I have too much homework to do.I have too many books.4.We have got some tomatoes and potatoes.5.healthy food, unhealthy drink, be/ keep /stay healthy, be in good health, our health, 6.some bread, a piece of bread, 7.I like eating fish.n.（名词）鱼肉

The boy caught a fish.There are a lot of fish in the river.n.鱼 Let’s go fishing.V.（动词）钓鱼

8.Eating vegetables is good for our health.吃蔬菜对我们的健康有益。

Drinking cola isn’t good for us.= Drinking cola is bad for us.对„„有害

I am good at speaking English.擅长

9.This film is a bit boring.a bit + adj.a bit tired / happy 10.He plays football very well.adv.(副词)

He is very well now.adj.(形容词)健康的This is a good book.adj.(形容词)11.go shopping for sth.= go to buy sth.去买某物

12.have/ has got（某人）拥有

We have got a new school.Tom has got a sister.13.too many + 可数名词复数

too much + 不可数名词

太多的14.get fat 发胖

15.fruit and vegetables 果蔬

16.what kind of 哪种

a kind of 一种

many kinds of = all kinds of各种各样的17.get sth.for sb.为某人买

Please get a book for me, Daming.大明，请为我买本书。

18.have a good breakfast 吃一顿丰盛的早餐

19.have something for breakfast 早餐吃

We have noodles for breakfast.20.be good for 对„„有好处

be bad for 对„„有害处

21.a lot of = lots of = many / much 大量的，许多的22.chicken soup 鸡汤

23.It is important for us to learn English well.It’s time to go home now.24.I don’t like cola or coffee.25.There is some milk in the glass.(肯定句)

Would you like some tea?(委婉语气)Have you got any brothers?（一般疑问句）

How about some orange juice?(征示意见)

She hasn’t got any brothers.(否定句)

三、谈论食物常用句型：

1.Fruit and vegetables are healthy food.5.I like orange juice.2.My favourite food / food is _________.6.I like eating hamburgers.3.Eating rice is good for us.7.I have 食物 for breakfast /lunch/dinner.4.Drinking cola is bad for us.8.It is / They are healthy /sweet /delicious.四、范文

Healthy food

We should have some healthy food and drink every day.I’m Kitty.I have some bread and milk for breakfast.For lunch, I have some rice with meat and vegetables.After lunch, I often eat an egg.I have some noodles and fruit for supper.They are all healthy food.There are some healthy food and drink in our fridge.My favourite food is fish.It’s good for my teeth.And my favourite drink is juice.They are healthy and they are good for our health.I never eat chocolate and cola.They are not healthy food.They are bad for me.Module 5

My school life

一、Vocabulary

1.Subject:Chinese, maths, English, history, art, PE, IT, science, music，politics, biology, physics, chemistry，2.Activity: get up, wash one’s face, brush one’s teeth, have breakfast, have lunch，have dinner, go to school, start work, start lesson, have a break, have lessons, go home, watch TV, play computer games，do one’s homework, go to bed，3.Time: in 2014 / 2015

in spring / summer / autumn / winter on Monday / Tuesday

in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, at 7:00, On Monday morning / afternoon / evening, on weekdays, on weekend，4.adj.(形容词): easy – difficult

interesting – boring

二、单词及句型：

1.like v.喜欢

like doing sth.I like playing basketball after class.2.difficult – easy English isn’t easy.It is difficult.3.because – so

Tom can’t go to school, because he is ill.Tom is ill, so he can’t go to school.4.interesting – interested

The film is very interesting.It is an interesting film.I am interested in the film.5.talk to sb.对„„交谈

talk with sb.跟„„交谈

talk about sb./ sth.谈论„„

6.begin – start 开始

end – finish 结束

Begin with: 以„„开始

The students begin their party with an English song.7.work: His father works in a factory.work v.工作

I have much work to do.work n.总称(不可数名词)job: He finds a good job in the city.n.工作（可数名词）

8.break have a break = have a rest 休息

9.look, see, watch, read

1)Look at the blackboard, please.(看„)

2)What can you see?(看见/ 看到)3)Let’s watch TV.（观看）

4)Let’s read English books.(阅读、看书)

10.--What’s the time? = What time is it? 几点了？

--It is + 8 o’clock.（点钟）11.--What day is it today? 今天星期几？

--It is Monday./ Today is Monday.12.– What are our lessons on Monday? / What lesson do we have on Monday?

--We have English.have English = have an English lesson / class

have + 学科 = have a/an + 学科 + lesson / class 上…课

13.I am good at history.= I do well in history.be good at擅长 = do well in 在„„方面做得好

14.Maths is difficult for Betty.= Maths is difficult for Betty to study Maths.15.start work 开始工作

start lessons 开始学习

16.Mr.Li makes maths lessons interesting.李老师使数学课有趣。

Make + sb./ sth.+ 形容词

使某人/某物

17.I do my maths homework first after school.放学后我首先做我的数学作业。

18.时间的读法：

(1)顺读法： 8:10--eight ten 8:30 – eight thirty 8:40 – eight forty

(2)逆读法： 8:10 – ten past eight 8:30 – half past eight 8:40 – twenty to nine

三、谈论学校生活常用句型：

1.let me tell you something about my school day.2.I get up at 6:30 in the morning, and then I „

3.There are 4 lessons in the morning and 3 lessons in the afternoon.4.My favourite subject is English because it is interesting.5.I go home at 5:00.6.This is my school day.范文：

My school day

Let me tell you something about my school day.I usually get up at half past six.Then I have breakfast.I go to school at seven.School starts at eight o’clock.I have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon.I like P.E.and music because they are interesting.Lessons finish at 5:00 pm.After school, I often play basketball with my classmates on the playground.I go home at half past five.That’s my school day.Module 6

A trip to the zoo

一、Vocabulary:

(1)Animals: bear , elephant , giraffe , lion, monkey , panda , tiger, zebra ，(2)plant , bamboo , leaf , grass，(3)Africa , Asia , Europe , zoo , country , all over the world ，(4)形容词：dangerous , tall , cute , funny , large ，二、词组及句型：

1.1.a trip to „ 到„„的旅行

a trip to the zoo 2.welcome to sp.欢迎来到

Welcome to my school.3.many kinds of...许多种类的 There are many kinds of books in the library.4.such as...例如

I like fruits, such as apples, bananas and pears.5.different countries 不同的国家

These animals come from many different countries.6.look at....看一看

Look at the picture on the wall.7.be from = come from 来自

My friend is from Beijing.= My friend comes from Beijing.8.the black and white animal 黑白相间的动物

9.a kilo of „ 一千克

The panda eats about 30 kilos of bamboo a day.10.as well as „ 并且，还„

The zebra eats leaves as well as grass.11.the favourite of people = people’s favourite 人们最喜欢的 A panda is the favourite of people all over the world.12.all over the world 全世界

People all over the world like visiting Guilin every year.13.an African animal 一只非洲的动物

The zebra is an African animal.14.live alone 独居

The tiger usually lives alone.15.catch „ for food 捕食

The tiger catches many kinds of animals for food.16.go and see 去看看

Shall we go and see the pandas?

三、描写动物的常用句型：

1.It is big / small / fat / thin / strong.6.It is „ metres high / long.2.It is / comes from „.7.Its name is „.3.It lives in „.8.has got „ and it’s very nice.4.„ is a kind of „ animal.9.is its favourite „.5.It is lovely / cute / dangerous.10.It likes eating „/ playing with„.范文：

A visit to the zoo

Welcome to the zoo.There are two new animals in the zoo.The panda’s name is Feifei.She is from China.She likes eating bamboo.She is lovely and shy.She is two years old.The other animal is a lion.His name is Karl.He is from Africa.He likes eating meat.He is very strong and dangerous.He is three years old.You will like them.Module 7

Computers

一、重点短语及句型：

1.turn on 打开（电器、电源）

14.check the times of trains 查找火车时刻表

2.search for information 搜索信息

15.make travel plans 制订旅行计划

3.on the computer 通过电脑

16.listen to music 听音乐

4.connect „ to/with 连接…和…

17.watch movies

看电影

5.open a document 打开文件

18.check emails

查收邮件

6.click on 点击

19.send emails to sb.给某人发邮件

7.on the left of 在„的左边

20.play computer games

玩电脑游戏

8.use sth.to do sth.使用某物做„

21.Search for information

查找信息

9.save the document 保存文件

22.print the document 打印文件

10.write name for it 为它命名

23.work for a company 为一家公司工作 11.of course 当然可以

24.plan for our holiday 计划我们的假期

12.share sth.with sb.与某人分享某物

25.buy train tickets

买火车票

13.go on the Internet 上网

26.play music

播放音乐

二、范文：

Computers

Now the computer is very popular.We can get information from the Internet.We can download music, read novels and watch films.Also, we can send emails to our friends and talk with them on the Internet.The computer is very useful.But many students spend too much time in playing computer games.It’s bad for their health and study.We should use the computer to help us study.Module 8 Choosing presents

一、重点短语及句型：

1.have a birthday party for sb 为某人举行生日聚会

2.go to one’s birthday party

去参加某人的生日聚会

3.at the birthday dinner 在生日晚宴上

What do you usually do at a birthday party? 4.make a birthday cake for sb 为某人制作生日蛋糕

5.give/send birthday cards

送生日卡片

We sometimes give birthday presents.6.get birthday presents

收到生日礼物

Do you get birthday presents in China? 7.on one’s birthday 在某人生日那天

8.a box of chocolates

一盒巧克力.a cinema ticket

一张电影票

10.a concert ticket

一张音乐会入场券

11.choose a birthday present for...为„„选生日礼物

Which birthday presents do you choose for them? 你为他们选择什么生日礼物？

12.stay/keep healthy

保持健康

13.get /take /do some exercise 锻炼

14.eleven silk scarves

11条丝巾

15.sb spend +时间/钱+on sth 在某物上花费时间/钱

16.sb spend +时间/钱+(in)doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/钱

17.read magazines 阅读杂志

read books 看书

18.go to the cinema 去看电影

see a film 看电影

19.watch sports 观看体育赛事

20.go to concerts 去听音乐会

21.the CDs of one’s favourite songs 某人最喜爱歌曲的唱片

22.go to the football match

去看足球赛

23.watch football matches on TV 在电视里看足球比赛

24.at weekends = at the weekend 在周末

25.stay at home

呆在家

26.on Saturday evening 在星期六晚上

27.hear from sb.收到某人的来信

It’s great to hear from you Mike.28.watch sb.do sth.观看某做某事I always watch my little sister play football at weekends.29.go shopping 去购物

30.at once 立刻，马上

31.buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.为某人买某物

I will buy my mother some flowers tonight.= I’ll buy some flowers for my mother tonight.二、频度副词

1.usually, sometimes, always, often, 等词用来表示动作频率的，在英文中被称为“频度副词”，但程度上有别。一般来说可按频率大小排列：

Always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom(很少)> never(从不)2.频度副词的位置。

(1)在be动词之后。Boys are always good at playing ball games.(2)在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。He doesn’t often go on the Internet.I can never search for information on the Internet.(3)在实义动词之前。

My father often goes to work by car.(4)sometimes可以放在句首、句中或句末，often也可以放在句末。

Sometimes she writes to me.She writes to me often.口诀：频度副词常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词后，实义动词前。

三、描述某人喜欢做的或经常做的事情

范文(1)：

My friend

John is my good friend.He always gets up at half past six.He usually goes to school at seven o’clock.He often helps his friends.His classmates like him very much.He often listens to music at home.Sometimes he plays computer games.This Sunday is his birthday.His friends are going to give him some presents.范文(2)

My hobby

Different people have different hobbies.My hobby is collecting coins.I got my first coin on my 8th birthday from my grandpa.It was an old Chinese coin.I like it very much.I have been collecting coins for 7 years, and I have over 2,500 coins from different countries in different shapes till now.I store them in the box under the bed.My mother often said we had run out of room to store them.Collecting coins helps me learn a lot about different cultures and history.Last year, I donated some of my coins to charity for homeless children.I really think it is worth doing.A good hobby can influence people a lot.This is my hobby.What about yours?

Module 9

People and places

一、重点短语及句型：

1.stand in line 排队，站成一排

2.take photos = take pictures 拍照

take a photo of...给„„拍照

3.wait for sb./ sth.等侯某人/某物

I’m waiting for the bus / Tom.4.walk on the Great Wall 爬长城

5.talk with sb on the phone

在电话里和某人说话

6.at the moment =now= right now 现在，此时

At this moment, in different places of the world, people are doing different things.7.be with sb.和某人在一起

Are they with you? 8.be on sale 在出售

9.lie in the sun 躺在阳光下

He is having lunch and lying in the sun.10.send sth.to sb.by email 通过电子邮件发送某物给某人

11.enjoy the trip a lot 非常喜欢这次旅行

We are enjoying the school trip a lot.12.it’s time to do sth.= it’s time for sth.该做某事的时间了

It’s time to have lunch.= It’s time for lunch.13.go/be on a trip to +地点

参加去某地的旅游

We are on a school trip.我们正在进行学校之旅。

14.get off / on 下/上（车）Some people are getting off buses or trains.15.leave work 下班

Some people are leaving work.16.drive home 开车回家

Some people are driving home.17.have afternoon tea 喝下午茶

Some are having afternoon tea at home.18.have a drink 喝一杯, 喝饮料

19.go to the theater 去剧院

20.watch a film = see a film 看电影

21.go home from work 下班回家

22.start lessons 开始上课

23.see friends=visit friends 看望朋友，拜访朋友

24.call home 打电话回家

call a friend 给朋友打电话

call sb.给某人打电话

25.enjoy doing sth = like / love doing sth.喜欢做某事

26.go back to...回

I will go back to my home town tomorrow.27.thank sb.for sth.因某事感谢某人

thank sb.for doing sth.因做某事感谢某人

Thank you for your post card from the Great Wall.Thank you for helping me.28.enjoy the sun 晒太阳，享受阳光

29.the homes of the movie stars 影星之家.a movie star 电影明星

31.write postcards to sb.给某人写明信片

32.have a good time =have fun =enjoy oneself 玩得开心

33.play taijiquan 打太极拳

34.play yangge 扭秧歌

35.run for a bus 追赶公共汽车

36.There are several time zones.有好几个时区。

二、写明信片描述自己正在做某事的常用句型：

1.How are you?

2.Let me tell you what we are doing now.3.I am „ and my parents are „.4.Please tell me what you are doing.5.Best wishes.6.See you soon.三、范文：描述一个公园里的活动情况

This is a picture of a park.You can see many people in the park.There are some trees, and there are some birds in them.Under the tree, there are two old men.They are drinking and talking.There are some boys in the lake.They are swimming.Near the lake, a young man is playing football.A tall boy is flying a kite.A girl is sitting on the grass.She is eating an ice cream.A woman in a hat is reading.A man is near her.He is drawing.Module 10 Spring Festival

一、重点短语及句型：

1.get / be ready for......为„„做准备 We are getting ready for Spring Festival.2.make lanterns 制作灯笼

I’m making big red lanterns.3.learn a dragon dance 学舞龙

4.clean the house 打扫屋子

5.sweep the floor 扫地

6.cook the meal 做饭

7.be busy with sth.忙于某事

8.be busy doing sth.忙于做某事

9.be at work = be working 正在工作

10.put sth.away 把某物放好；整理 11.work hard 努力工作；努力学习

12.jion sb.加入某人

13.hurry up 赶快

14.hurry to +地点 匆忙去某地

15.sweep away 扫走

sweep away bad luck 扫走霉运

16.have a look at...=look at...看一看

17.celebrate sth.庆祝某事

celebrate Spring Festival 庆祝春节

18.have a traditional family dinner 吃一顿传统的家庭团圆饭

19.watch a special programme on TV 在电视里看一个特别的节目

20.lucky money 压岁钱；红包

21.have a big family dinner 吃一顿丰盛的家庭团圆饭

22.on Christmas Day

在圣诞节

23.Merry Christmas 圣诞快乐

24.tell sb.about sth.告诉某人某事

25.help sb.with sth.= help sb.(to)do sth.在某事上帮助某人 = 帮助某人做某事

26.on the same day 在同一天

27.a kind of dumpling 一种饺子

28.get food ready 准备好食物

29.because of 因为

30.say „ to sb.对某人说„

say happy new year to sb.祝某人新年快乐

31.get presents from...从„„收到礼物

32.at Lantern Festival 在元宵节

33.a man with a long white beard 一个留有长白胡子的人

34.What’s happening? 怎么了？

35.quite busy 十分忙

二、范文：

Spring Festival

Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.We celebrate Spring Festival in January or February.We have many kinds

of traditions.A few days before Spring Festival, we do some cleaning to sweep away all bad luck.On the evening before Spring Festival we have a big family dinner and watch a special programme on TV.Parents usually give their children lucky money.We also play fireworks.It’s really wonderful.We enjoy Spring Festival a lot!

第四篇：八年级英语上册Module9Population知识点归纳总结新版外研版212

Module9 Population Unit1 The population of China is about 1.37 billion.(读作one point three seven billion或one point thirty-seven)1.China has a population of about 1.37 billion.=China has about 1.37 billion people.=There are around 1.37 billion people in China.noisy adj.noisily adv.Don’t make a noise.或Don’t make any noise.I can’t stand（忍受）the ____ in the classroom because it’s too_____.They are talking _____.7.population increase [ˈinkri:s] n.[ɪnˈkri:s] v.增加，增大，增多;增强，增进,提高（注意population与people不连用）

划线提问

What’s the population of China? =How many people does China have? =How many people are there in China? a large/big/small population 翻译：重庆的人口比北京多。

Chongqing has a larger/bigger population than Beijing.The population of Chongqing is larger/bigger than that of Beijing.Half of the population in the town are farmers.2.prepare(sth.)for…= get(sth.)ready for… note n.笔记；便笺；钞票；音符；声调，语气 vt.注意；记录；对…加注释；指出 take/write/make notes 做笔记

3.a report called the growing/increasing population 过去分词短语做定语

grow-grew-grown v.增长(大);生长;种植;长高,变老

4.We’re in the right place to talk about…正是谈论…的恰当时机。

5.cause problems/trouble/worry vt.成为…的原因;导致;引起;使遭受

cause sb sth.=cause sth.to sb.(后接双宾语)cause sb./sth.to do（宾语补足语）

Driving carelessly is likely to cause accidents.粗心大意的驾驶可能导致车祸。

His rude behavior caused him a lot of trouble.n.原因;动机;(某种行为、感情等的)理由;缘故 Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of death and disease.在可以预防的引发死亡和疾病的因素当中，吸烟排在第一位。

6.too much traffic/noise/rubbish/pollution too many cars/problems/flats/pupils pollute [pəˈlu:t] vt.污染

The air is heavily/seriously polluted.空气被严重污染了。

noise n.[U] 噪音；[C]声音

an increase in population 人口增长

The world’s population/The population of the world is still increasing.8.That makes over 131.4 million births a year.那就造成每年一亿三千一百四十万的婴儿出生。注意大数字的读法

one hundred and thirty-one point four million What makes a good League member? 优秀的团员应具备什么样品质? give birth to sb.生下某人

9.分数的读法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1的时候，分母要加s 五分之一： a/one fifth 五分之二： two fifths

四分之一： a/one fourth(a quarter)

四分之三： three fourths(three quarters)二分之一： a/one second(a half)三分之二： two thirds

分数/百分比+of+名词作主语，谓语动词取决于of后面的名词 Three quarters of the earth is covered with water.地球四分之三覆盖着水。

One percent of the strawberries in the box have gone bad.箱子里百分之一的草莓已经变质了。11.hang on a minute稍等 hang-hung-hung wait a minute= just a moment 12.at the start/beginning of…

at the end of…

13.be free to do sth.自由地做… adj.空闲的;免费的;免税的；

She is fond of shopping in her free time.I have two free tickets.Would you like one? He got the suit for free.他免费得到这套西装。14….that is,….即；就是；换句话说；更确切地说(表进一步解说)

Unit2 Arnwick was a city with 200,000 people.1.Arnwick was a city with a population of 200,000.阿恩威克是一个20万人口的城市。(注意：population

和people不连用)2.move to sp.(家)搬到……

move sth.away 把……移开、搬走 The stone is in the way.Do you mind moving it away? 那块石头挡道了。你介意把它移开吗？(mind doing介意某人干某事)moving adj.moved adj.The report in today’s newspaper was so moving that everyone was moved to tears.今天报纸上的报道感人至深，每个人都感动得流泪了。以是空间也可以是时间。

in the centre of 指一片区域的中心。

英语拼法(Br E)

美语拼法(Am E)公斤、千克kilogramme

kilogram 方案、节目programme

program

举止、行为behaviour

behavior 颜色

colour

color

特别喜爱的favourite

favorite 3.have problems in doing sth.做某事有问题 solve problems 解决问题

(1)problem是客观存在的问题，如 population/pollution/environmental/housing problem人口问题、污染问题、环境问题、住房问题 math problems 数学问题

(2)question是指疑难问题，需要解答的 ask/answer questions 提问，回答问题 quest [kwest] n.& v.They travelled in quest of gold.in quest of liberty/peace/adventure 追求自由、追求和平(安宁)、追求冒险活动 in the quest for truth/a bright future 探索真理、追求光明的未来

4.实义动词的用法：有人称、数和时态的变化，即三单和一般过去式

人做主语need sth./sb.need to do sth To stay healthy, you need to do sports regularly and keep a balanced diet.为了保持健康，你需要有规律地运动并保持均衡的饮食。

物做主语 need doing=need to be done The shoes need repairing.= The shoes need to be repaired.情态动词的用法：只用于否定或疑问句中-Need I rewrite the composition? 我需要重写这篇文章吗？

-No, you needn’t/you don’t have to.-Yes, you must.Sorry, you have to./I’m afraid you have to.need n.A friend in need is a friend indeed.[谚]患难见真情.There’s no need of/for money.不需要钱。There’s no need to set off so early.不需要这么早动身。

5.in the city centre= in the centre of the city in the middle of… 指一条线上的中间，这条线可风味

flavour

flavor 荣誉

honour

honor 劳动

labour

labor 中心

centre

center 纤维

fibre

fiber 公尺

metre

meter 剧场 theatre

theater 组织organise

organize 实现

realise

realize 旅行

travelling

traveling grey（灰色的）gray shop（商店）store autumn(秋天)fall

railway（铁路）railroad holiday(假期)vacation film(电影)movie

cinema(电影院)movie theatre 6.a block of flats 一幢公寓大楼

flat adj.平的；单调的；不景气的；干脆的 a flat tyre 一只瘪了的轮胎 a pair of flat shoes 一双平底鞋

You’d better avoid lying flat.你最好避免平卧。adv.7.become part of…(became)8.be crowded with… 挤满…… be covered with…铺满…….be filled with….装满…..充满…….(1)The coach was crowded with passengers.(2)The fields were covered with snow and everything was white.(3)The bottle is filled with grape juice.The room is filled with smoke.9.local people/school/products 当地人，当地学校，土特产 10.close down 关闭，倒闭

11.It takes an hour to get there by bus.12.clear adj.清楚的，清晰的；清澈的；清醒的；晴朗的；v.打扫，清除 clearly adv.(1)It is clear that he told a lie.显而易见，他撒谎了。

(2)The water is so clear that we can see plenty of fish swimming at the bottom of the stream.溪水清澈见底，我们能看见许多鱼在游泳。

(3)She needs a clear head to carry out her instructions.她需要一个头脑清醒的人来执行自己的指令。(4)Don’t cross the road until it is clear.(地方)畅通的，无阻碍的

(5)On clear days, we can see most of London.(6)He is clearing the table after supper.吃过晚饭他正在收拾桌子。

(7)He opened his eyes round so that he could see the blackboard clearly.他睁圆了双眼，为了能看清楚黑板。13.public services 公共设施

a public/private school 一个公立(私立)学校 It’s rude to talk loudly on the phone in public.在公共场合下大声地打电话是很粗鲁的。

14.The police are coming.警察们马上就到了。15.in fact= actually 事实上，实际上 16.describe v.Can you describe what your son looks like? 17.the same… as… 反义词组 be different from Her hairstyle is the same as yours.=She has the same hairstyle as you.她的发型和你的一样的。

18.produce/make much rubbish 制造(产生)很多垃圾

19.make efforts to do sth.尽力做某事

=make an/every effort to do= try to do sth.20.protect… against/from… It’s a good idea to wear a hat to protect yourself

against/from the bright sunshine

21.air/water/environmental/noise pollution.大气污染，水污染，环境污染，噪音污染 22.table 一般的表格

chart 有曲线变化或柱状分布的图表

diagram [ˈdaɪəgræm](文字为主)图解或一个圆分成好多份的那种

23.health problem 健康问题 health care 健康保健

24.face n.面容；表面；脸；方面

v.面对；面向…；正视；承认

(1)A strong wind was blowing right in my face.(2)We are all trying our best because no one would like to lose face.全力以赴;丢脸(3)Are you brave enough to face the problem alone? 25.cut down 砍倒, 砍掉；减少(开支、文章字数等)(1)Cutting down too many trees is harmful to the environment.滥砍滥伐对环境危害很大。

(2)He tried to cut down on smoking and keep a balanced diet.他尽量少吸烟，保持均衡的饮食(3)The article is too long.Please cut it down to 500 words.请把它削减到500字。26.区别die of和die from

(1)die of死于疾病(心脏病，癌症，发烧等);或冻死、饿死、气死、过度悲伤、渴死、羞死

eg: die of illness(heart trouble/disease, cancer，a fever, etc)/cold/ hunger /anger /grief/thirst /shame(2)die from死于事故(地震、交通事故、闪电、中风等)、污水、劳累过度、受伤

eg: die from an accident(an earthquake, a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc)/polluted air /overwork /a wound

(3)die out绝迹，消失；绝种；绝灭；淘汰

Dinosaurs(恐龙)died out thousands of years ago.(4)die for sth.渴望…

I'm dying for a breath of fresh air.我非常渴望能呼吸到新鲜空气。She was dying to talk to Frank.她很想同弗兰克谈谈。27.as a result

He worked hard at his lessons last term.As a result, he passed the exam easily.28.daily use/life/papers daily adj.n.& adv.日常使用、日常生活、日报

The visitor centre is open daily from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm.游客中心每日上午8点至下午6点开放。29.be good for…对…有好处

be good to…=be friendly/nice to…对…好(友好)be good at…=do well in…擅长….30.冠词和数词 见书本P130-132

第五篇：外研版初二上册英语单词表

初二上册英语单词表 Module 1 translate v．翻译

n．手表

guess

v．猜，猜测

*just

adv．(引起注意、表示允许translation n．翻译 correct v．改正；纠正

adj．正确的，对的 match v．将……配对 number v.给……标号码

n．数字；号码 repeat

v．重复 grammar n．语法

pronunciation

n．语音；发音writing n．写作；文章 punctuation

n．标点符号spelling n．拼写 term n．学期 advice n．建议

write down写下，记下 mistake n．错误

notebook n．笔记本

*else／els／adj．＆adv．其他*radio

n．收音机 newspaper

n．报纸

message n．(书面或口头的信

pen friend笔友

*each pron．各个，每个other

pron．不同的人(或物

*each other互相

excellent adj．<口>好极了；极好的

orchestra n．管弦乐队 send v． 发送；寄 language n．语言

improve v．提高

basic adj．主要的；最重要的*watch v．看；注视；观察等)请，就

．

yourself

pron．你自己

enjoy yourself过得快乐 *shy adj．害羞的

conversation

n．谈话 deep adj．深的 breath n．呼吸

smile

v．＆n．微笑

*remember v．记住；想起；记着*forget v.忘记

piece

n．一张(或则、件等

*place v．放置

*count

v．数

all the time总是；一直

accent n．口音

wish n．＆v．祝愿 *borrow

v．借

*group

n．组

mark

n．分数

club n．俱乐部)信息，*start v．创办；开办；发动

together adv．一起；共同*hear

v.听见)Module 2

experience

n．经验； *ever adv．曾经

competition n．竞争，竞赛 *airport n．机场；航空港 cabin n．(飞机的)客舱 steward n．乘务员

captain n．机长；船长；

(运动队)队长

*country n．围家)

卓越的，take off 起飞 *before

adv.以前

prep．&conj．在……之前 *prolilen)n．问题，难题

wonderful adj．绝妙的；了不起的； prize n．奖品，奖金

reckon

v．考虑；认为 climb v．爬；攀登 roast 烤鸭

palace

n.宫殿

another adj.又一的；再一个(批)的 pron．又一个；再一个 seafood

n．海鲜；海产品 entertainment

n．娱乐

sound

v.听起来

brilliant

adj.<口>好极了

dream

n．梦想：；梦

v.做梦；梦想

sonic pron．某人；有人

kind n.种类

western adj.西方的 come truc成为现实

*aliroad

adv.在国外；到国外fantaslic adj.极好的anywhere

adv.&pron.任何地方chinatown n．中国城，唐人街Italian

adj．意人利(人)的；意大利语的

n．意大利人；意大利语 *delicious

adj．美味的 pizza／'pi,'tso／II．比萨饼

*sandwidl

n.三明治

more than超过，多于 *sell v．

卖

sell out卖光

musician

n.乐手；音乐家 dagger

n.匕首；短剑 seat

n．座位

beside

prep．红……旁边 taste

v．有……味道；品尝 *only

adv．仅仅；只

yet

adv.[常用在否定句中](迄今还，尚

stone n.石头 *time n．次

*name

v．说出

Module 3

Earth

n．地球 Mars

n．火星

already

adv．已经，早已*ust adv．刚刚，刚才model

n．模型*station

n.站；所；局；车站

space station太空站；宇宙空间站

panic

v．(使)感到惶恐latest

adj．最近的；最新的several

adj．儿的；数个的*month n.月

*discover

v．发现recently

adv．最近space shuttle 航人飞机*show

v.展示；给*over prep．多于花费等)

planet n．行星 solar 太阳系

*also

adv．也；同样none pron．没有一个environment n．环境air

n．空气)grow

v.生长；种植*part n．部分 galaxy n．星系 的名字

……看

某时间、数量、……

(billion num．十亿 universe n．宇宙 *light n．光线；电灯

beyond prep．在……之外 alone adj．孤单的，孤独的 entrance n．人口

cost v．(cost，cost)价钱为；花费 prefer(preferred，preferred)更喜爱 important adj．重要的 ill

adj．生病的 look after照顾

*pay V．支付；付

countryside

n．农村地区；农村；乡下

train v．培训；训练 electricity

n．电 diary n．日记 even adv．甚至 Jupiter n．木星 secret n．秘密

adj．秘密的

*real adj．真实的； 真正的 twice adv．两次

explore

v．勘探；探测 mission n．任务

n.任务

unmanned adj．不载人的Module 4 *study v．学习；研究 *teach v.教

head teacher校长

since prep．＆conj．从……get on(well)with与……相处(融洽*same adj．相同的，同一的hear about听说 poor adj．贫穷的

project

n．计划；工程 *still adv．仍然；依旧 raise v．筹集 take part参加

describe

v．描述；形容 *drop V．扔；落下

drop out of school退学 hear of听说

perhaps

adv．也许 nearly

adv．几乎 luckily adv．幸运地 point n．点；分

v．指着，指

organisation n．组织；机构 health n．健康

care

n．护理；照料 leaflet

n．传单

Module 5

blues

n．布鲁斯

classical

adj．经典的；古典的jazz

n．爵士乐 pop

n．流行音乐 rock n．摇滚乐

techno n．电子音乐)*beautiful adj．美的；美丽的 dramatic adj．有戏剧性的

*fun n．有趣的事；逗人乐的活动 lively adj．活泼的；轻快的 *sad adj．悲伤的

serious adj．严肃的；严重的 slow adj．慢的 *traditional adj．传统的 *sure adj．肯定的

German

n．德国人；德语

adj．德国的；德国人的；德语的

以来 Austrian adj．奥地利的；奥地利人的

n．奥地利人

composer n．作曲家

fan n．(体育、音乐、电影等的)狂热爱好者，迷 rap n．说唱乐 on earth究竟

own adj．自己的 artist n．艺术家

figure n．人物；名人 century

n．世纪

n．世纪

Module 6

suddenly

adv．突然 noisy adj．吵闹的 centre n．中心． *drum n．鼓 *guitar n．吉他 organ n．管风琴 trumpet

n．小号 0violin n．小提琴 elder adj．年长的(尤指家庭成员之间waltz n．华尔兹；圆舞曲

younger adj．年幼的(尤指家庭成员之间)die v．死，去世

addition n．添加l添加物

in addition to除……以外 rest

n．剩余部分 *maybe adv．也许

phone

n．电话；电话机

actually

adv．事实上；实际上instrument n．乐器 ofcourse 当然 type n．种类

*loud adj．(声音)响亮的 gospel n．福音音乐 string n．(乐器等的)弦 part-time adj．兼职的 milkman

n．送牛奶的人 recording

录音室 record

v．录(音)

n．唱片 rabbit

n．兔 *party

n．聚会*fall

v．下落；跌落hole n．洞，孔*strange adj．奇怪的*carry

v．携带；拿着；抱着Ytired adj．劳累的)*nothing

pron．没有什么；没有东西

*once

adv．一次daisy

n．雏菊chain n.项圈；链pink adj．粉色的n．粉色

*by prep．经；由*pocket n．兜，口袋across

prep．越过field

n．田地

*under prep．在hedge n．树篱go off(灯)熄灭，停storm n．暴风雨；暴风雪outside adv．在外面*jump

V．跳

scream

v．尖叫；惊呼during prep．在noon

n．中午；正午bookshop

n．书店staff n．全体职员；全体雇员

下面(电)

期间

……

…… *wear v.穿；戴 *clap

v．鼓掌

cheer

v．欢呼

perform

v．表演；施行 gold

n．金，黄金 ring n．戒指 hall

n．大厅

follow v．跟随；紧跟 stop

v．停止；停下 Module 7

feeling n.感情;心情;;感觉

smell n.味道;vt.闻;vi.嗅

delicious adj.美味的sour adj.酸的;soup n.汤;

taste n.味道;品味;味觉;vt.尝;

salty adj.有盐分的;咸味浓的lovely adj.可爱的;feel vi.;感觉;vt.感觉;angry adj.发怒的;noise n.噪音;

pass v.通过;传递;及格;n.通行证;护照;fresh adj.新鲜的matter n.U物质;vi.有关系;要紧

worried adj.担忧的sweater n.毛衣;soft adj.软的;

smart adj.漂亮的;穿着整齐的seem vi.好像;似乎;看来好像*get along with* 和某人相处polite adj.有礼貌的;warm adj.暖和的;face to face 面对面;stare vi.注视;凝视;vt.盯

rude adj.粗鲁无礼的;*shake hands* 握手

brown adj.棕色的;dark adj.黑暗的;fair adj.公平的;glasses n.眼镜

real adj.;真实的;实际的;

Module 8

bank n．银行 market

n．市场

supermarket

n．超市 pool n．水池，池塘 swimming pool游泳池 square n．广场 *left adv．向左

adj．左边的 n．左边

*right adv．向右

adj．右边的；正确的 n．右边

opposite prep．在……的对面

adj．对面的 adv．在对面 chairman

n．主席

memorial n．纪念物；纪念碑between

prep．在……之间*turn v．转向；转弯

corner n．街道拐角处；角落;*along

prep．沿着

tour n．旅行

gallery n．美术馆

painting n．油画；绘画

parliament n．议会；国叁

clear

adj．晴朗的；清晰的*boat

n．船

off prep．下(飞机、车、船等)mainly

adv．主要地，大体地 tower n．塔 live on以……为食 tourist n．游客 reason n．原因

adj．旅游的，游览的 less and less越来越少 guidebook

n．手册；指南 situation

n．情况 religious

adj．宗教的symbol n．标志

turtle n．海龟

cause n．原因；起因 Module 9 danger

n．危险 protect

v．保护 *orange

adj．橘色的n．橘子；橘色*cousin n．同类；堂兄弟；表兄弟；堂姐妹，表姐妹 *brown adj．棕色的n．棕色 reserve n．禁猎区，自然保护区mad adj．极度激动的；发狂

似的 surprising adj．使人惊讶的；出人意料的 kill v．杀死 absolutely adv．<口的确，一点不错 木hard adj．困难的away

adv．……*dirty

adj．脏的 awful

adj．极讨厌的；极不愉快的peace

n．安宁；和平find out发现 rare

adj．稀有的；珍贵的example

n．例子nature n．大自然；自然界

*nature reserve自然保护区surprised adj．惊奇的；吃惊的research

n．研究southwest

adj．＆

>(用于表示赞同 ……去

n．西南 *feed v． 喂养； desig v．设计 jewellery n．珠宝；首饰for example例如 provide v．提供 difficulty n．困难 *clean adj．清洁的，干净的pollute v．污染

Module 10 teahouse n．茶馆 main adj．主要的；最大的interest n．兴趣；爱好offer v．提议；(主动)*agree V．同意 almost adv．几乎 impossible adj．不可能的whisper V．&n．低语；耳语special adj．特别的，特殊的 take place 发生

audiem n．观众 customer n．顾客!dynasty n．王朝 lose

v． 失去；失败master n．大师 twentieth num．第二十waiter n．男服务员folk

adj．民间的 acrobatics n．杂技表演……提供食物)给予

为

掉；

enjoyable adj.让人感到快乐的 performanc n．表演 full adj．装满的；充满的 silver n．银

Module 11 *cloud n．云

railcard

n．火车优惠卡

truly

adv．真诚地；诚挚地

Module 12

*chess n．国际象棋 set n．一套，一副

*chopstick n．(常复)筷子

shower

n．阵雨

centigrade

n．摄氏温度

degree

n．度，度数(温度单位temperature

n．温度

freezing

adj.冰冻的，严寒的snowy

adj．多雪的；下雪的joke v．开玩笑；说笑话 *wet adj．湿的，湿润的 might

v．aux．可能

*windy

adj．刮大风的；多风的probably

adv．可能，或许*sunny

adj．阳光充足的 *cool

adj．凉爽的；凉快的dry

adj．干的，干燥的 *cloudy

adj．多云的 *camera

n．相机 swimsuit

n．游泳衣 northwest adj.&n.西北 umbrella

n．伞 pleasant

adj．令人愉快的；southeast

adj．＆n．东南from time to time有时 *fall

n．秋天(Am E)compared to和……相比较 possible

adj．可能的 stormy adj．有暴风雨的 shine v．照耀

n．光

depend

v．依靠 best of all最好的 purse n．(女式)钱包 soap n．肥皂)chat

v．聊天 move n．行动

hang v.悬挂；吊

hang on<非正式>(耐心immediately adv．立刻；马上accept

v．接受 wrap v．包装，裹

lucky adj．幸运的

do some cleaning打扫卫生*break

v．

打破；打碎anything pron．任何东西；任何事情

receive v．收到；接到custom

n．风俗习惯greet

v．问候；打招呼noise n．噪音；嘈杂声wedding n．婚礼

stay

n．逗留，停留 light

adj．(餐食)少量的around adv．大约

pour v．倒；倾倒 mobile adj．移动的

shout v．高声说；大声喊*throw v． 扔；抛 *shoulder n．肩；肩膀*catch v． 抓住，接住body

n．身体，躯干wash up洗(餐具))等待

舒适的 smoke v．吸烟 *passport n．护照 litter n．垃圾

pavement n．人行横道 waste 垃圾箱