新东方老师总结 作文替换词

第一篇：新东方老师总结 作文替换词

作文替换词

人: individual / character / folk / young adult / old adult / senior citizen / people in their late adulthood

网络: the net / the Internet / the web / the virtual world / the electronic world / the cyber world 地球: earth / the Planet earth / our Mother Planet / global village 电脑: the computer / the machine / the device

校园: the campus / the Ivory Tower / the relatively isolated place 社会: the society / the real world

中国: China / the Middle Kingdom / this ancient country 随着...的发展: As...evolves

...变的越来越重要..is becoming increasingly vital...变的越来越普遍..is becoming increasingly prevalent 人们对...越来越重视 People have a growing respect for sth.人们重视/看中/珍爱某物 place a high value on sth.增强竞争力 sharpen one's edge

使某人具有优势力 give sb.the edge；have an advantage over sb....很重要 is vital / crucial / essential;is indispensable to 起...重要作用 play a central role in 观点类: 对...有好处...pays off / it pays to../ sth.is beneficial(rewarding)对...有坏处...have a negative impact on / do harm(damage)to sth.好 top / superior students / favorable impact / positive impression 坏 poor / inferior quality / faulty goods / negative impression 促进/提高/增强/改善 give a boost to

Enhance, promote, strengthen, develop, encourage/invite, stimulate, launch, ensure，我比较强调议论文考前能够结合模板，最好自己创立一个不一样的模板，不会显得太平庸，一般比如说有对比性观点的，比如第一句话就是(Some argue/claim/insist/hold/assert that)，其他人认为比如(Others see a different picture)，这个就非常形象了，自己稍微准备一个与这个不是很一样的东西。比如说As is described如果换一个形象用法，mirrored，mirrored是镜子，用这个词就比较形象。大家在写作文的时候，希望您的用词能够尽量准确、具体、多样。然后是形象，Mirrored比较形象，而且是直接从名词变成动词的单词。比如有篇作文是讲，关于描述一场车祸的，你可以这样说“Detail”，我将详细描述这个事情。Pioneer和head，比如说政府应该带头来消除盗版产品，我举了四个单词，都是名词变动词，你如果能够让名词能够动起来的话，你的名词有一种动感。刚才举的例子是形象化，什么叫具体化呢？具体化就是，很多同学用单词的时候非常宽泛，很多同学用跳的时候，只会用jump，其实可以用其他的单词，Leap，比如说笑，很多同学只会用smile，其实可以用Grin，还有背一些比较常用的句型比较重要。He deserves it，比如说他活该，或者是他应该得到什么东西。你并不一定写作文一定要讲别人好话，某的同学获得了某个荣誉，你在恭喜他的时候，你可以说you deserves，你值得获得，或者是你应该获得。pocket，你很应该获得它。He is time—conscious，He is a big spender。花钱大手大脚的 以下是30个最经典的替换词，各位同学可以参考一下。1.individuals,characters, folks代替(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding代替good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse(有害的)代替bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive代替

eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,many,if not most)代替many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

Eg.Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that„.同理 用most, if not all ,代替most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several代替some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 代替thing 8: shared 代 common 9.reap huge fruits 代替get much benefit)10:for my part ,from my own perspective 代替 in my opinion 11:Increasing(ly),growing 代替more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing代替hardly 13..benefitial rewarding代替helpful be beneficial of 14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 代替customer 15.exceedingly, extremely 代替very 16.hardly unnecessary, hardly inevitable...代替 necessary, inevitable 17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 代替sb take interest in 18.capture one's attention代替attract one's attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect 20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear 21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 代替cause.22.There are several reasons behind sth 代替..reasons for sth 23.desire 代替want.24.pour attention into 代替pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 代替remember 26.enjoy, possess 代替have(注意process是过程的意思)27.interaction代替communication 28.frown on sth，object to, oppose代替 be against , disagree with sth 29.to name only a few, as an example代替 for example 30.next to/virtually impossible,代替nearly impossible

第二篇：考研英语写作替换词.新东方老师总结

1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill(有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换

eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。Eg.Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing 8: shared 代 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits)10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, 14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer 15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable...替换 unnecessary, avoidable 17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb.be interested in 18.capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect 20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear 21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth 23.desire 替换want.24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换remember 26.enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)27.interaction替换communication 28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth 29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance 30.next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible

写作词汇杂谈

存

在come to be;come into existence;come to birth;come into being 考虑consider;take into consideration;take into account 考虑到in consideration of 用尽力气exhaust one’s strength;use up one’s strength 开动initiate;set going 准备…brace for;prepare for 在于lie in;rest on;rest with 主动take the initiative 不算exclusive of;not counting;leaving out 应该得到deserve;have right to;is worthy of 避免avoid;shun;get around;circumvent 幻想fantasy;play of the mind 以此标准来算by this criterion;by this standard 乍看之下at first glance 面对in the face of;in the presence of 以by means of;by virtue of;by the use of 不惜代价at all costs 每况愈下from bad to worse 承受错误造成的后果in reaping the harvest of his mistakes 取得同意…get the go-ahead to 不择手段unscrupulously;by hook or by crook 想法与作法beliefs and practices 内情ins and outs;turns and twists 关键时刻the critical moment 虽然although;notwithstanding;albeit;though 根

据according to;on the basis of;on the ground of(that);in the light of;in line with;in accordance with 逃避问题evade the question 增大enlarge;extend;aggrandize 澄清clarify;make clear 赔偿compensate for;give…as compensation for 实现carry out;implement;realize;make…come true 假定suppose;assume;postulate;hypothesize 极端的radical;extreme 极端的措施drastic measures 剩下的the rest;the remainder;what is left 换言之in other words;put another way 结果result;aftermath;consequence 优点advantage;strength;strong point;merit;benefit 简言之put simply;in short;in brief;in a nutshell 举

例

而

言for instance;for example;to illustrate;let us cite 特别是an illustration;to cite a concrete case 特

别

是especially;more than others;particularly;in particular 既然…now that…;seeing that…

迹象inkling;hint;clue;a slight suggestion 缺

点disadvantage;demerit;shortcoming;drawback;weakness 除去do away with;eliminate;remove;get rid of 缺少for lack of;for a deficiency of 毕竟after all;all in all 范围scope;field;realm 潜力potential;行为conduct;behavior;doings 隔绝isolate;insulate 分辨出identify;recognize 不易懂的elusive;hard to understand 展开unfold 回馈feedback 主导的人

物a dominant figure;a controlling man;the most influential person 观点viewpoint;point of view;perspective;standpoint 正在进行中is underway 只是一种姿态is merely a gesture 立场position;stand;stance 意向inclination;leaning;intention 特权privilege;a special right 来自stem from;come from 一件事的不同说法alternative statements of fact 交织intertwine;interweave 好奇心the eager desire to know;curiosity 尊敬respect;esteem;think highly of 顽固的headstrong;obstinate;stubborn 暗淡的gloomy;dark;dim 巨大的huge;gigantic;colossal;vast;enormous;tremendous 探索explore;fathom 执行carry out;execute;do 现代modern times;modern age;contemporary age 偏见prejudice;bias;partiality;predilection 混乱chaos;commotion;confusion;disturbance;tumult 无弹性(僵硬)rigid 无缺点的flawless;airtight 无药可救incurable 无法避免的unavoidable;inevitable 细密的计划elaborate plan 取消cancel;annul;abolish 解药a cure for…;a remedy for;谜puzzle;riddle;enigma

第三篇：常用替换词总结

常用替换词总结 ★写作替换词库 一． 事物的特征

1.Important: essential, significant(=be of great significance), vital, crucial, profound, indispensable, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary，decisive 2.Big: gigantic, massive, enormous, immense, tremendous, titanic, giant, vast, huge 3.Many: numerous, innumerable, infinite, countless, a great number of, an ocean of, a host of 4.Many kinds of: various kinds of, all sorts of, diverse kinds of, a variety of, a wide range of 5.Good: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, incredible, unbelievable, magnificent, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesome, positive, favorable(有利的), rosy（美好的），promising(有希望的), pleasurable(令人愉快的)，wholesome(健康的，有益的)6.Bad: awful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral 7.Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable, intellectual, intelligent, excellent, bright, smart 8.Happy: delightful, glad, overjoyed, pleased, joyful, 9.Beautiful: charming, attractive, gorgeous, pretty, sweet, adorable, eye-catching, handsome, hot, cute, good-looking, lovable，10.Fast：swift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty 11.Easy: simple, effortless, uncomplicated, undemanding, a piece of cake(informal), 12.Clear: obvious, apparent, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident 13.Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate, perplexing, puzzling 14.Dangerous: breakneck, hazardous, insecure, risky, unsafe, vulnerable 二.问题

1.表示“问题的产生”：create(cause, lead to, result in, be responsible for, give rise to)a problem 2.表示“…成为一个问题（威胁）”：pose a problem(threat)to sb., present sb.with a problem(threat)3.表示“严重的问题”：a serious(severe, grave)problem 4.表示“处理问题”：deal(address, tackle, combat)the problem 5.表示“解决问题”：solve(resolve, overcome)the problem 6.表示“使问题减轻”：ease(reduce, alleviate)the problem

7.表示“使问题变得更加严重”：make the problem worse, aggravate the problem, complicate the problem 三.数量（图表作文必用）

1.增加：increase/ raise/ rise/ go up/ accelerate 2.减少：decrease/ grow down/ drop/decelerate 3.波动：fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave 4.稳定：remain stable/stabilize/level off 5.表示数据变化的单词或者词组：  rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的  dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的  significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的

 sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的  steep/steeply 急剧升降的

 steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的  gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的  slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的  slight/slightly 轻微的  stable/stably 稳定的 6.数字：number, figure, statistics 7.比例：proportion 8.百分比：percentage 四．引导结构

1.科学研究表明：According to a research,…/ A scientific research indicates…

2.数据表明：According to statistics,…, Statistics show(indicate, suggest)that…

3.引导事实：It is a well-known fact that…, It is widely believed that…, It is a widely-held belief that…, It is true that…, There is no denying the fact that…

4.比如，例如：like, such as, for example, for instance, take sth.for example, …is a perfect example, …is an illustrating example.五．议论文常用表达

1.表达个人观点（think）: assume, argue, emphasize.insist, that, believe, deem, reckon, maintain, suppose, conceive, consider, perceive，insist, to my knowledge, when it comes to me, for my part, as for me, in my point of view, in the eyes of me, the way I see it，hold the(opinion/ belief/ position/stand point/idea)personally, from my personal perspective, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle 2.重视：give weight to, give stress to, attach importance to 3.强调：place weight on, put emphasis on 4.赞同：approve of, vote for, stand by 5.反对：disapprove of, object to, be opposed to 6.努力：make every effort to do, many effort should be made to do, spare no effort to do 7.决心：be determined to do, make up one’s mind to do, be convinced to do 8.结论：sb.may come to a conclusion that…, sb.may arrive at a conclusion that…, sb.may reach a conclusion that…

9.坚持：adhere to, insist on, persist in 10．打算：mean to do, intend to do, attempt to do 11.认识到：be aware of, be conscious of, realize

六.常用连词篇：（介词，副词）

Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, secondarily, what is more, furthermore Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally Too: as well(句末), in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also And: plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else So(adv.): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why

Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that But: however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that Only: just, merely, barely, solely, rarely Without: excluding Very: extremely, exceedingly, absolutely, completely Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly

七.常用动词篇

Show: convey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate, substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example(reason, explanation)of, bear out, point out, point toward… Know: realize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive, recognize, see, understand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with, Get: acquire, attain, acquire, achieve, obtain, gain Suggest: have a proposal in, Increase: magnify, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance Impress: affect, inspire, engrave on Influence: impact, affect, guide, sway, Stop: halt, cease, conclude, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate… Make: create, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture;fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require… Give: present, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supply Break：separate, burst, crack, destroy, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, shatter, smash, snap Destroy: ruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermine… Happen: occur, come about, come to pass, develop, result, take place

第四篇：新东方老师总结,英语写作中高级同义词替换

英语写作中高级同义词替换

连词篇：（介词，副词）

Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset… Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, secondarily, what is more, furthermore(further more)…

Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally…

Too: as well(句末)也, in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also…

And: plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with… Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else…

So(adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why

Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that… But: however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that… Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely… Without: excluding, Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually…

Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly … 形容词/副词

Important: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing role, indispensable, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessary…

-附加-傻句替换：I think that A is more important than B.(这是经典大傻句！以下句中的'important'可随意替换同义词）1.A is important to B.2.A plays an/a important role to B.3.A is of(greatenormoussignificantawesome)to B.4.B can not(livedevelopedgrowsurviveachieve)without A.5.A means(a lota great dealmuch)to B.6.The importance of A(to B)can never be(exaggerateddeniedignoreddoubted).7.A is everything/the whole world to B.8.B is fundamental on A.9.A matters/counts to B.10.Nothing is more crucial to B than A.11.A is to B what the(foundation is to a skyscraperwater is to fishthe heart is to a human)Big: gigantic, massive, colossal, enormous, immense, gargantuan, tremendous, titanic, giant, vast, large, huge, monster, bulky,->many: numerous, myriad, infinite,->forever(adv): infinity, eternal, timeless, everlasting，undying, endless, changeless, perpetually…

Small: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）

Good: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent, charming, stunning, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesome Bad: awful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral…

Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable, intellectual, intelligent, excellent, bright, smart Happy: delightful, delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed, pleased, jubilant, merry, joyful, Beautiful: charming, charismatic, attractive, gorgeous, pretty, endearing, sweet, adorable, eye-catching, handsome, hot, cute, good-looking, lovable, engaging… Fast：swift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty, nippy, like lightning, +hurry(v): hustle, rush, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot.Easy: simple, effortless, no trouble, painless, plain sailing, uncomplicated, undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake(informal), child’s play(informal),… Clear: obvious, apparent, blatant, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced, recognizable, transparent, intelligible, lucid, plain, understandable, uninvolved, simple, …

Direct: bald, basic, frank, naked, plain, sincere, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, outspoken….Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate, involved, knotty, perplexing, puzzling, thorny…

Angry: annoyed, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad(informal), livid(informal), berserk, outraged, resentful...Dangerous: perilous, breakneck, chancy(informal), hazardous, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerable 动词

Think(that): hold the(opinion/ belief/ position/stand point/idea)that, assume, believe, deem, reckon, argue, maintain, suppose, conceive, insist, be convinced, to my knowledge, personally, from my personal perspective, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle, consider, conceive, perspective...Show: convey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate, substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example(reason, explanation)of, bear out, point out, point toward… Know: realize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive, recognize, see, understand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with, Get: acquire, attain, acquire, achieve, obtain, gain “学习” 不用learn Suggest: have a proposal in, Increase: magnify, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance, advance… Impress: affect, inspire, engrave on, imprint of, Influence: impact, affect, guide, sway, Stop: halt, cease, conclude, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate…

Make: create, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture;fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require…

Give: present, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supply Break：separate, burst, crack, destroy, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, shatter, smash, snap Destroy: ruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermine…

Happen: occur, come about, come to pass, develop, result, take place, transpire 名词

Problem: issue, question, case, trouble, difficulty, dilemma.Meeting: conference, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention, gathering session, assignation, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy… Study: learning, application, lessons, reading, research, school work, examination, analysis, consideration, contemplation, inspection, investigation, knowledge,scholarship…

Advantage: benefit, dominance, precedence, profit, superiority, merit…

Disadvantage: shortcoming, weakness, inconvenience, drawback, deficiency, flaw, handicap(also v.妨碍), downside, limitation.

第五篇：雅思听力高频替换词总结

雅思听力高频替换词汇总

数字类：

two: double = couple of = twice = two times three = triple 2 weeks = a fortnight = 14 days 1 months = 4 weeks = 30 days 3 months = a season 25% = a quarter 15 minutes = a quarter 少于 40%的比例 = a small proportion 多于 60%的比例 = a large proportion 50% = half the second = the next = the coming 表述数量（繁多）的短语替换

a wide/ large/ great/ massive range of = a variety of = various = large quantities of = a large/great number of = a large amount of = lots of = all sorts of = all kinds of = massive all over = throughout遍布

part = area = portion = component = proportion部分 some = a part of = certain = a few = several一些 range = distance = radius = part = area范围

时间：

现在 now = at present(time)= currently = at this moment(= this year/ month/ week)(=existing)过去 in the past = once = … ago = before(= last year/ month/ week)(= the old …)(=used to …)

未来 in the future = will = be going to = in the coming(year/month/week)(= the next year/month/week)(=haven’t done yet, but …)

校园内：

student = pupil小学生；= undergraduate本科生； = postgraduate研究生 teacher = tutor = lecturer = professor = director = conductor = guider = coach 老师，指导者

school = faculty院系 course = major学习专业 subject = module学习科目

class = lecture = tutorial = workshop = session = seminar课程

aid = help = conduct = guide = offer hand(= give/ provide advice and guidance = suggest)帮助；指导

assignment = paper;= essay;= coursework;= homework;= report;= project;= proposal;= dissertation作业类 deadline = due date截止日期

references = bibliography = reading list参考材料

research = exploration = survey = study = investigation = observation = discovery = experiment研究，实验

data = figure = information = statistical evidence数据 internet = online = website = web网络 evaluate = assess = test = estimate评估

test = quiz = exercise = examination = exam测验

商业、公司中：

plan = strategy策略 = schedule = arrangement = project = programme = blueprint计划

employee = worker = staff雇员

coworker = workmate = colleague = people in the same department = people who work with you同事

employer = boss = management = manager = director = interviewer雇主，管 理者

weekday = week工作日

company = firm = cooperate = organisation = business = group = institute公 司，企业，机构

sales = retail销售（retailing零售业）shop = store = department store商店

money = finance = fund = grant = capital = asset钱，资金

cost = fee = overheads = expense = spending = expenditure费用，成本 revenue收入 profit利润

其他相关词汇： charge收费/ investment投资 / tax税收/ income收入/

budget预算

advertisement = commercial广告

creativity = innovation = inspiration = brainstorm创造力，灵感 consumer = customer = buyer = client顾客 risk = danger = adventure = threat风险，冒险

旅游、动植物

photo = photograph = photography = picture = image = camera照相，相片 place = area = region = spot = site = location = land = field = position地点，位 置

tourist site = attraction = interest = scenery = resort风景，景点 village = countryside = suburb = rural area/ setting乡下 town = city = urban area城市

ocean = sea = the water = undersea world = marine海洋 beach = coast = coastline = shore海岸，海滩

animal = creature = species = wildlife = living things动物

(= marine animal海洋动物;= mammal哺乳动物;= reptile爬行动物)livestock = sheep = cow = cattle家畜

marine animal = sea creature = fish & shell = seafood海洋动物 bones = skeleton骨骼

look = appearance外貌

characteristics = feature = what’s special about …特征 plant = trees = vegetation = vegetable植物 film = movie = documentary电影 computer = laptop电脑

family = with children家庭

parent / son / daughter / sister & brother = sibling / cousin savings = deposit储蓄

the masses = ordinary people = general public = public sphere大众 speech = lecture = talk = address讲座,演讲 goal = target = aim = orientation目标 choice = option = selection = alternative选择

优点

advantage = benefit = positive side = good point = strength 缺点

disadvantage = drawback = negative side = problem = weakness = barrier障 碍 = obstacle阻碍

limit = restriction = boundary = bottom line限制 environment = surrounding = atmosphere环境 entertainment = recreation = leisure娱乐

fitness club = fitness centre = gym = keep-fit studio健身房 disease = illness = health issues = health problems = medical situations疾病

medication = medicine = pills = tablets = capsules = drug药物 toxin = poison毒素

bike = bicycle自行车 = cycling骑行 media = press = print = newspaper媒体

magazine = journal = periodical = article = newspaper报刊杂志 gift = present礼物

agriculture = crops农作物 = grain粮食，谷物= corn = wheat小麦大麦 = cereal谷类

fuel = gas燃气；= coal煤； = energy能量，能源 way = method = approach = technique方法 = skill = strategy = tactic技巧

example = representative = sample = case例子

= barley

动词替换：

ask = request = require = demand要求 ask … to do = invite … to do邀请

employ = hire = pay … = recruit招聘，雇佣

use = take advantage of = utilise = employ = apply使用 book = reserve预订

buy = purchase = consumer = invest in购买 change = alter = adjust = shift改变 disturb = interrupt干扰，打断

damage = ruin = destroy = undermine = break = vandalise破坏 attack = offend攻击

classify = categorise(classification = category)分类 make = produce = generate = create产生，创造

= build = construct建立 copy = duplicate = replicate = double复制

run = operate = handle = organise = take charge of = take control of = manage 经营，管理

provide = offer = give = contribute to提供

= allocate = distribute分配，分发 divide … into = break(down)… into把…分成

increase = rise up = grow = go up = strengthen上升，增多 decrease = decline = go down = drop = fall = weaken减少

look = investigate = observe = explore = check = find out = discover = examine 发现，探索

be seen = be sighted = be observed被观察到

focus on = emphasise on = pay attention to = notice关注 register = sign up = enroll注册，登记 deal with = handle = cope with处理

prevent … from = protect … from = preserve … from = stop … from = avoid避 免，保护

come from = originated from来自，源自

get in touch = contact = catch = call = phone联系 connect with = link with = relate to = refer to和…相连 called = named = titled名为 visualise = imagine想象

adapt … to = adjust … = fit … in适应… bury = move … underground埋 renew = replace替换 renew = update更新

形容词、副词替换：

typical = representative典型的

= traditional传统的

related = associated = relevant = connected = linked相关的 basic = elementary = primary = essential = necessary基础的 easy = not difficult = simple简单的 available = usable = valid有效的，可用的 latest = newest最新的 final = last = very late最后的

personal = private = individual私人的 original = old = ancient古老的

old fashioned = outdated = out of date过时的 economical = cost-efficient经济的

fixed = stable = standard = unchanged固定的 few = not enough = lack of缺乏

extraordinary = unusual = not common = quite different = rare不寻常的，罕见 的

often = usually = frequently经常 rarely = barely几乎不

only = just = merely仅仅，只是