中考英语复习《被动语态》精品教学案

第一篇：中考英语复习《被动语态》精品教学案

中考英语复习被动语态

[知识概要]

一、语态概述

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)

The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught

一般过去时：was／were＋taught

一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught

现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught

过去进行时：have／has been＋taught

现在完成时：have／has been＋taught

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

三、被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are madeby themin the factory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

五、含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：

We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.You ought to take it away.It ought to be taken away.They should do it at once.It should be done at once [历年考点例析]

一、考查要点：

主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时以及一般现在时带有情态动词的被动语态的用法。例如：

1.Today Chinese _____by more and more people around the world.A.was spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.speak

（北京市大纲卷）

2.-What should we do first if we want to develop our village？

-A lot of new roads _____，I think.A.have to build B.must build C.have built D.must be built

（湖北黄冈）

（Key：1.B 2.D）

简析：被动语态的句子是由“助动词be＋动词的过去分词”这一形式构成的。过去分词永远不变，所有的变化即人称、数、时态的变化，都体现在助动词be的变化上。

二、特殊情况：

（一）在没有必要指出动作的执行者时，“by＋动作的执行者”可以省略。

1.I won’t leave my office until my work.A.finish B.will finish C.are finished D.is finished

（江苏南通）

简析：D.动作的执行者很明确，可以省略。

（二）不知道动作的执行者是谁，使用被动语态比较适宜。

2.Dad，the phone is ringing.I guess either you or Mum_____on the phone.A.is wanted B.are wanted C.wants D.want

（江苏宿迁）

简析：A.不清楚动作的执行者，用被动语态。

（三）用于被动语态的短语动词不可丢掉动词后面的介词或副词。

3.Students can’t take magazines out of the reading-room.（改为被动语态）

Magazines can’t _____ the reading-room by students.（重庆市）

简析：填be taken out of.take out of为短语动词，变为被动语态后，不要漏掉out of.（四）带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，常有两种方法：把主动语态的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前通常加介词to或for；或把主动语态的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变。

4.My uncle sent me a Christmas present last year.（改为被动语态）

A Christmas present _____ to me by my uncle last year.（重庆市）

简析：填was sent.三、补充说明：

（一）一般将来时的被动语态

1.The village is building a school.I hope it _____ before August this year.A.finishes B.will finish C.is finished D.will be finished

（江西省大纲卷）

简析：D.一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will/shall＋be＋及物动词的过去分词。

（二）现在完成时的被动语态

2.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _____ Goodwill Ambassadors（亲善大使）for Shanghai.A.has been named B.have been named

C.has named D.have named

（江苏徐州）

简析：B.现在完成时的被动语态的结构为：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词。[注意事项]

1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：

last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine , 2.不及物动词是没有被动语态： happen ,take place ,appear , hold(容纳)3.系动词是没有被动语态：

Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….The dish tastes good.4.有些词组没有被动语态：

sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of skirt sells well.5.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done.All the computers need repairing.= All the computers need _____ _____ _____.6.在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。The problem is too difficult to solve.

第二篇：被动语态复习学案

被动语态复习学案

Teaching aims: 1.掌握被动语态的构成形式及其特殊用法。

8）should/would be done 过去将来时

例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）

例 The project will have been completed before July.2.能够在句子中熟练运用被动语态

一.被动语态的构成形式

1.被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变

化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1)am/is/are +done(过去分词)一般现在时

例 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时

例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时

例 A new cinema is bei ng built here．

4）was/were done 一般过去时

例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时

例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed.6）was/were being done 过去进行时

例 A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时

例 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）

例 He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个 宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为: He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构 的主语，其余不动。

例 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为: The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel，observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，变为被动结构时，要加to。

例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为: A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词 副词也不能省略。

例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态

v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。

例 I don't like being laughed at in the public.二 被动语态练习题

1)It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.A)designed

B)has been designed C)will be designed

D)will have been designed 2)We are late.I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema.A)will already have started B)would already have started C)shall have already started D)has already been started 3)She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.A)is taken B)takes C)will be taken D)has taken 4)Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.A)is found

B)has been found

C)was found

D)had been found 5)---“Have you moved into the new flat?”----“Not yet.The room____.”

A)has been painted

B)is painted C)paints

D)is being painted

6)My pictures ____until next Friday.A)won't develop

B)aren't developed C)don't develop

D)won' t be developed 7)Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.A)had been unemployed

B)was unemployed C)has been unemployed

D)has unemployed

8)A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.A)has been establish

B)have been established

C)have established

D)had been established 9)I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.A)would be fined

B)will be fined

C)will being fined

D)will have been fined 10)“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday.Shall we go and see it together?” A)They have been given

B)I have been given

C)I am given

D)They have given to me 11)The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.A)is announced B)have been announced C)are announced

D)has been announced

12)I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room.A)was

B)had

C)had been

D)is

13)The goods ____when we arrived at the airport.A)were just unloading

B)were just been unloading

C)had just unloaded

D)were just being unloaded 14)If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.A)overcomes

B)is overcome C)has been overcome

D)overcome 15)Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past.A)was not B)were not C)were not being D)had not been 16)You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour.A)I smell B)it is smelt C)it smells D)it is smelling 17)After the race____, the celebration began.A)had been won B)is won C)will be won D)has been won 18)He was here for a little while, but I don't knows where she ____now.A)is

B)was

C)had been

D)has been 19)The young teacher has ____ competent.A)been proved to be

B)proved to be C)been proved

D)proved being 20)Pluto, the outer planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930.A)discovered

B)was discovered C)by discovery

D)when discovered 21)To get a better view of the stage, ____.A)our seats had to be changed B)our seats were changed C)we had to change our seats D)our seats were changed by us

22)After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material.A)created

B)has created C)has been created

D)had been created 23)I think much attention ____your pronunciation.A)must be paid to

B)ought to be paid to C)must pay to

D)should be paid to

24)Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy(治疗)the common cold.A)have taken

B)have been taken C)have been taking

D)have been taking 25)I don't remember ____the chance to try this method.A)having been given

B)to have been given C)having given

D)to have given

26)We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____.A)know B)be known C)being known D)to be known 27)The construction of the laboratory ____by the end of next month.A)must be completed

B)must have been completed C)will be completing

D)will have been completing

28)They would tell how the African ____on a ship to an American port.A)was brought

B)could have been brought C)had been brought

D)was to be brought

29)He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter.A)is belonged to B)belonged C)belongs D)is belonging 30)Negotiation ____again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then.A)is to be opened

B)is on the point of opening C)is going to open

D)opens

31)The reason for all the changes being made ____to us yet.A)has not explained

B)has not been explained C)did not explained

D)were not explained 32)Experiments in the photography of moving objects ____in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.A)were conducting

B)were conducted C)had been conducted

D)had conducted 33)When he turned the corner, he found himself ____by a man in black.A)tailed B)been tailed C)was tailed D)had been tailed 34)A candidate(候选人)for the democratic presidential nomination(民主总统任命)____ at this moment.A)is interviewing

B)being interviewed C)is being interviewed

D)interviewing 35)As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house.A)building

B)build

C)built

D)to build 36)As we know, all the regulations in school ____.A)must keep to

B)must be kept C)must keep

D)must be kept up 37)The composition ____any more.A)need not to be corrected

B)doesn't need to be corrected

C)doesn't need be corrected D)need not correct

38)The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____in broad daylight yesterday A)to be robbed(抢劫)

B)to have keen robbed C)robbed

D)having been robbed 39)Hurry up, or the tickets ___out by the time we get there.A)will have sold

B)will sell

C)have sold

D)will have been sold 40)He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that(恐怕)it ____.A)was damaged

B)should be damaged C)damaged

D)would be damaged

1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B

第三篇：中考英语被动语态专项练习题

被动语态专项练习

一 专题 选择题 1（）1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.A.found B.was founded C.is founded D.was found（）2 English ____ in Canada.A.speaks B.are spoken C.is speaking D.is spoken（）3 This English song___ by the girls after class.A.often sings

B.often sang C.is often sang

D.is often sung（）4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.A, makes B.made C.is making D.is made（）5 New computers ___ all over the world.A.is used B.are using C.are used D.have used 2（）1 Our room must ___ clean.A.keep B.be kept C.to be kept D.to keep（）2-I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry.___.A.it sold B.it's selling C.It's been sold D.it had been sold（）3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.A.is building B.is being built C.been built D.be building（）4 The key ___ on the table when I leave.A.was left B.will be left C.is left D.has been left（）5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.A.need B.are needing C.are needed D.will need（）6 His new book___ next month.A will be published B.is publishing C.is being published D.has been published 3（）1 Japanese ___ in every country.A.is not spoken

B.are spoken

C.is speaking

D.is not speaking（）2 These papers___yet.A.have not written B.have not been written

C.has not written

D.has not been written（）3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.A.didn't B.won't C.isn't D.doesn't 4（）1-My shoes are worn out.-___.A.Can't they be mended?

B.Let me have a look at it.C.How much do they cost? D.Can't they mended?（）2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A.Does B.Has C.Is D.Are（）3 ___ these desks be needed? A.Will B.Are C.Has D.Do 5（）1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday? A.didn't a meeting hold B.wasn't a meeting held

C.wasn't held a meeting D.a meeting wasn't held（）2 Who was the book___? A.write B.wrote C.written D.written by()3 Where ___ these boxes made?

A.was B.were C.is D.am 6（）1 The flowers___often.A.must be water

B.must be watered

C.must watered

D.must water（）2 The books may___ for two weeks.A.be kept B.be borrowed C.keep D.borrow（）3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.A.can mend

B.can mended

C.can be mend

D.can be mended 7（）1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.A.is going to be rebuilt B.will rebuilt

C.are going to be rebuilt D.are going to rebuilt（）2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.A.is going to be shown B.will shownC.will show D.is shown（）3 The old stone bridge ___ next week.A.is going to be rebuilt

B.will be rebuild

C.are going to be rebuilt

D.will rebuild 8（）1 Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.A.have kept

B.are keeping

C.have been keeping

D.have been kept（）2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water.A.used;keeping

B.was used;keeping

C.is used;to keep

D.are used;keep（）3 Tea ___ in the south of China.A.grows B.is grown C.were grown D.will grow（）4 The bridges___ two years ago.A.is built B.built C.were built D.was built

（）5 Wet clothes are often__up near a fire in rainy weather.A.hang B.hanged C.hanging D.hung 9（）1 The river smells terrible.People must __ dirty things into it.A.be stopped to throw B.be stopped from throwing C.stop to throw D.stop from throwing（）2 The teapot ___ water.A.is filled with

B.filled of

C.fulling of

D.filled（）3 Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.A.speak to B.spoken C.speak D.spoken to（）4 Old people must ___.A.look after well

B.be looked well after C.looked well after

D.be looked after well 10（）1 Newly-born babies___in hospital.A.are taken good care B.are taken good care of C.take good care of

D.take good care（）2 They were___ at the sudden noise.A.frightening B.frightened C.frighten D.frightens（）3 These walls___stones.A.are made of B.made of C.are made into D.made into 11（）1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A.called B.was asked C.told D.was said（）2 The papers ___ to them.A.were shown B.show C.shown / D.have shown（）3 The coat___her sister.A.made to B.were made for C.was made for D.was made to 12（）1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A.gave B.was giving C.had given D.was given（）2 Good care____such things.A.should take of B.should be takenC.should be taking D.should be taken of（）3 She will____good care____.A.take;of B.be taken;of C.take;for you D.be taken;of you 13（）1 The teacher made him___ his homework.A.to do B.do C.did D.done（）2 The boy___ streets without pay in the old days.A.was made to clean B.made clean C.made to clean

D.was made clean（）3 These children____dance.A.were seen to B.were seen for C.were seen D.saw to 14（）1 These stones___well.A.are fitted B.fit C.fits D.is fitted（）2 The bike ___ 500 yuan.A.was cost B.costed C.cost D.is costed（）3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.A.was had B.was held C.held D.had 15（）1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.A.took place

B.have taken place C.were taking place

D.had taken place（）2 You can't use the computer, it____.A.was broken down B.is wrong C.is bad D.has broken down（）3 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.A.have happened

B.happened

C.have been happened

D.were happened（）4 The watch has often ___ down.A.sat B.lain C.broken D.fell 16（）1 Please pass me another cup.This one___.A.is broken B.is breaking C.broke D.broken（）2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.A.are written B.were written C.are writing D.were writing（）3 What time ___ the door ___ every day? A.does;closed B.does;close C.is;closed D./;close 17（）1 Can he___ himself? A.get dress B.get dressed C.gets dressed D.instead of（）2 He fell from his bike and ___.A.is hurt B.gets hurt C.got hurt D.hurt（）3 Look out, please keep away from the fire,or your trousers will__.A.burnt B.burn C.burning D.get burnt 18（）1 The apple___very sweet.A.is tasted B.taste C.tastes D.are tasting（）2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.A.see B.watch C.look D.look at（）3 What you said ___ like a good idea.A.heard B.listened C.sound D.sounded 19（）1-What do you think of the TV play?-Wonderful.It is worth___ a second time.A.watching B.watched C.seen D.seeing（）2 How dirty the tables are!They need___.A.to clean B.clean C.cleaning D.cleaned（）3 The book is worth ___.A.seeing B.reading C.seen D.read 二 填空(完成被动语态填空)

1.They often clean their classroom after school.(改为被动语态)

Their classroom _____often ______ by them after school.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.(同上)

A new pen _____ _______ _____ Tom last week.3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.(同上)

English ______ ____ ______ by a lot of people in China now.4.I have learned English for about two years.(同上)

English ______ ______ ______ for about two years.5.They will publish these story-books next month.(同上)

These story-books _____ _____ _____ next month.三 综合 选择题

()1.—Do you often clean your classroom?

—Yes.Our classroom ___ every day.A clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning

()2.A talk on developments in science and technology___in the school hall next week.A given B.will be given C.has been given D.give()3.His new book___ next month.A.will be published

B.is publishingC.is being published

D.has been published

()4.—Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? —No,I____.A am not invited B.wasn’t invited C.haven’t invited D.didn’t invite

()5.—Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack? —When your homework___,you can.A

is done B.was done C.does D.did

()6.Twenty—year—olds should not____to drive in China.A allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed.()7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what___.A would happen

B.had happened C.happened

D.was happened.()8.The book Business@the Speed of Thought ___in 1999.A writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written.()9.Trees and flowers__every year to make our country more beautiful.A is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted.()10.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang___Good Will Ambassadors(亲善大使)for Shang hai.A has been named B.have been named C.has named

D.have named.()11.The earth is our home.It ___well.A must be protected

B.should protect C.need protect

D.should protected.()12.In recent years, many children are made ___ what they are not___.A to do;interested in

B.to do;interested C.do;interested

D.do;interested.()13.___a new library____in your school last year?

A Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;built.()14.An accident___on this road last week.A has been happened

B.was happened C.is happened

D.happened.()15.Cotten ____in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow.()16.So far, the moon___by man already.A is visited

B.will be visited C.has been visited

D.was visited.()17.How many trees ___this year?

A are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted.()18.A lot of things ___by people to save the little girl now.A are doing

B.are being done C.has been done

D.will be done.()19.Neither of them ___ in China

A is made B.are made C.were made D.made.()20.Look!A nice picture___for our teacher.A is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws.()21.Your shoes___.You need a new pair.A wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn.()22.The doctor___for yet.A isn’t sent

B.hasn’t been sent C.won’t be sent

D.wasn’t sent.()23—When ___this kind of computer___?

—Last year.A did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used（）24.The Great Wall__about all over the world.A knows B.knew C.is known D.was known.（）25.I___in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born.（）26.He says that Mr Zhang___to the factory next week.A is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent.（）27.Who ___this book__?

did;written B.was;written by C.do;written D.was;written（）28.Mary ___show me her new dictionary.A has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to（）29.A story __ by Granny yesterday.A was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us（）30.The monkey was seen____out of the tree.A jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump

第四篇：2014中考英语书面表达复习学案

2014年初三英语书面表达复习学案

中考英语作文九个话题：

一、写人（自己、家庭、朋友、老师、个人变化、个人感受等）

二、介绍地点（介绍风景名胜、旅游等）

三、校园生活（春游、校规、科目、学习方法，学习困难,同学之间的关系，高兴或伤心之事的经历，等）

四、课外生活（家庭生活、家务劳动、个人爱好，与父母之间的关系，高兴或伤心之事的经历等）

五、假期安排（未来计划、过去经历等）

六、节假日活动（志愿者活动、过去经历的事）

七、健康（疾病、食品健康等）

八、个人观点建议（提建议、劝告，感谢，对某事的评论，等）

九、社会热点问题（节约、环境、故乡变化，城镇化，留守儿童，安全，网上购物，中学生使用手机等，）

满分作文范例

请背诵仿写满分作文，经典单词、短语和句子用黑体字标出, 注意积累!节约食物，健康饮食Save Food And Eat Healthily

（号召）the citizens（公民）to save food and eat healthily so that we can enjoy our happy life.We middle school students

should do something about it.First, we are not supposed to waste our food（吃完）all the food we order（点菜）while going out to dinner.Second, we shouldn’t

eat junk food.It’s bad for our health.To eat healthily ,we should eat a balanced diet.Besides,we’d better not eat in restaurants.The food and the oil they

use are not clean or healthy enough.We’d better eat at home as often as possible.节约资源，保护环境

Dear Jack,Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on the environment.Here is something about it.We can do a lot of things in our daily life to protect the environment.First, we should save electricity ,we’d better turn off lights if we leave a

room ，and spend less time watching TV or surfing the Internet.Second ,Saving water is also important.For example,we should turn off the shower when

we are washing hair.Third, we should take our own bags when we go shopping.Besides, people should stop riding in cars and start riding bikes.we can

also recycle books and paper ,we shouldn't use paper towels or napkins so that we can stop more trees from being cut down.I think the environment is really important.If everyone cares about protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.3新城镇变化

There have been great changes in our hometown these years.Our lives are getting better and better.More and more buildings are being built.We

are proud of our hometown.What should we do to make our hometown more beautiful?

In my opinion , we should plant more trees and flowers.We must obey traffic rules ,we mustn't cross the streets when the traffic lights are red.We

shouldn't spit here and there(随地吐痰)or throw litter everywhere（到处丢垃圾）.We'd better not pick flowers or step on the grass(践踏草坪)it's always

good to be kind, friendly and helpful to others.If everyone makes contributions（做出贡献）,our hometown will be more and more beautiful..留守儿童

为解决留守儿童的问题提建议：

Dear Mayor（市长）:

I'm a middle school student.I'm writing to tell you something around us.Nowadays, there are many children whose parents are away from their

hometowns to make money.The children have many problems.They are always lonely and stressed out.How to solve their problems? In my opinion,You can raise money for these children.If everyone gives their love, the world will be better.It's very important for us to pay more attention to these

children

Best wishes to you!

Yours, Sincerely

Li Hua手机问题

Dear Editor,Nowadays，mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students.Some students think that it is easy to use them

to keep in touch with parents and classmates.Also, they can be used for listening to music，taking photos or playing games.But others think that we

don’t need to talk with parents and classmates with mobile phones, because we meet them every day.And mobile phones may have an influence on our

study.In my opinion, it’s not wrong to 追求时尚), but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way.Can you

give some suggestions?

Yours truly,Wang Lin学习英语的方法

How to learn English well

English is important and useful to us.How can we learn it well? Here are my suggestions.First, we should often listen to the tapes, English songs and programs.Watching English movies is also helpful to us.Second, we should speak English

in class as much as possible.Don’t be afraid of making mistakes.The more you speak, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.We'd better join the English club

and practice with others.Third, we can read more English newspapers and magazines.It’s good for us.At last, we should recite some good passages and

keep diaries.（写日记）in English everyday.In a word(总而言之we do more listening, speaking, reading and writing, we will learn English well.7我难忘的初中生活

My Unforgettable Middle School Life

How time flies!My middle school life is coming to an end(快要结束了).I can’t forget the happy time that I’ve spent with my classmates and

teachers.At school, I am busy with my studies.I’m interested in English, because my English teacher, Miss Wang, is kind and helpful.I like playing

basketball and reading books.After class, I join some clubs at school.In this way, I’ve got more knowledge and improved my life.I learn how to

face difficulties, and I also learn how to get on well with friends.My school life is meaningful(有意义)and colorful（丰富多彩）.In a word, it is unforgettable, isn’t it?8 课外阅读

要点：不重视课外阅读的原因: 1.作业太多2.没有读书习惯3.时间花在电脑或网络上

课外阅读的好处: 1.更多地了解世界2.学会如何思考3.生活更加丰富多彩

对学校或同学的建议（至少一点）

At present only a few students do some reading after class.Here are several reasons.First of all, some students have too much homework.Others haven’t a habit of reading.They would rather spend their spare time on TV or on the

Internet.However, it's good for us to do some reading.We can learn more about the world.Besides, it can help us think better.It also can make our life

more colorful.Here are my suggestions.On the one hand, teachers aren't supposed to ask us to do too much homework ,so that we can have more time to read.On the other hand, it’s a good idea to form(组成)reading clubs and learn from each other.-我的业余生活

目前中学生学习任务重，压力大。而丰富多彩的业余生活，有利于开拓视野，调节身心，提高学习效率。提示词语：busy,play,healthy,knowledge,housework，relax，volunteer, colorful

My Spare Time

I am a middle school student.Though I’m busy with my lessons, my spare time is still colorful..After school I usually play sports.I like basketball and football very much.Sports help me to keep healthy and study better.I often do some reading

in the evening.I think books are our best friends.They give us much knowledge that we can’t learn at school.So reading books is the best way of

spending my spare time.Sometimes I watch TV or surf the Internet.I find it’s a good way to relax myself.At the same time it can also help me open up

my eyes to the outside world.At the weekends I often help my parents with the housework.I clean the house, wash clothes and learn to cook.During the

summer or winter vacation, I have enough time to do things like volunteering.I help those people who are in need.It’s a good experience for me.I enjoy myself in my spare time.10网上交友(利与弊)

Should students make friends on line? Some people say yes.Internet helps people make many friends.Chatting on line, students can express more

freely their feelings and opinions, and even get help for their foreign language studies.Others, however, think students should not make friends on line.They say making friends on line is a waste of time.Besides, some students get cheated

（被骗）on line.In my opinion, students should place their study, health and safety before other things.As for friendship, we can find it in our classmates and other

people around us.11网上购物(利与弊)

随着网络的发展，人们消费观念的转变，购物方式也在悄然地发生变化。

提示词汇：网购shopping on line;避免做某事avoid doing sth;商品goods;导致cause

With the development of the Internet, many people are used to shopping on line.It has become a fashion in our daily life.Some of us students also

join the group.Shopping on line has many advantages.Just click the mouse, you can buy what you’re interested in without going outdoors.You can avoid getting（陷入）the crowded people and cars ,so you can save time.When shopping on line, you can choose from more different goods.But shopping on line has disadvantages.On the one hand, the goods you buy may be different from the pictures you see on the Internet.On the other

hand, shopping on line may cause people to buy goods that are not really needed.That’s a waste of money.In a word, I love shopping on line..12给别人建议，解决问题

假如你是Jane，你的好友Mary在微博上说最近很累很不开心，而且很担心即将到来的考试，请你在Mary的微博中回复，给她一些建议，使她振作起来。

提示：1.分析Mary 不开心的原因；2.给她一些建议使她减少压力；3.给她美好的祝福。

Dear Mary,Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world.I know you are under too much pressure.You can’t get on well with your classmates;you may worry

about your exams.I’m always stressed out, too.My parents want me to be the top student in class.So they send me to all kinds of training classes(辅导班)at weekends.Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother.I told her I was not lazy.I really felt tired.I needed time to relax.My mother agreed with me at last.So I

think a conversation with your parents is necessary to solve the problem.Less pressure, better life!Best wishes to you!

Yours,Jane

13如何放松自己

学校英语角将于本周末举行以 “How to relax ourselves after the exam” 为主题的讨论会，请你用英语写一篇发言稿。内容包括以下要点：

1.去旅游，亲近大自然；2.参加娱乐活动，比如：听音乐、看电影……；

3.进行体育锻炼；4.你的建议。How to relax ourselves after the exam

It is necessary to relax ourselves after the exam.There’re kinds of activities for us to take part in.First of all we can travel around to get closer to

nature ,this can open our mind.We can also go to the movies or listen to music.What’s more（更重要的是）, we should take more exercise, it can keep us

healthy.For example,we can do some running in the morning and play football in the afternoon.I hope all of us can have a wonderful time.14 安全问题

Safety is very important to everyone.Safety is very important to everyone.What should we do to keep safe?

First, we must obey the traffic rules when we go out.Don’t cross the street when the traffic lights are red.Keep to the right in the street.Second, we should eat healthy food.Don’t eat junk food.Eat more fruits and vegetable.Eat less meat and eggs.Besides, don’t hurt ourselves while we are

playing.For example , it’s dangerous to swim in the river alone, so don’t go to the river 不经允许).In a word, it’s important to remember these for us all.15对不良行为说不

上周日你和朋友去人民公园游玩，赏心悦目之时却看到公园内一些大煞 风景的现象：乱涂乱画、践踏草坪、乱丢垃圾等，你随手拍了下面几幅

照片：请你根据以上提示，为校报英语专栏写一篇报道（题目已给）。字数：80字左右

供你参考的词汇有：bad behaviors不良行为 everywhere乱丢垃圾 scribble(v.)乱涂乱画 throw the rubbish

Say no to bad behaviors!

Last Sunday I went to the People’s Park with my friends.There are some beautiful sights in the park.We had a good time there.But at the same time I

found some bad behaviors in the park.Some people scribbled on the wall.Some people walked on the grass.Even some people threw the rubbish

everywhere.I think they are bad behaviors.It makes the park look ugly.So we should take care and keep off the grass.I believe if everyone should protect

the environment in the park, it will get more and more beautiful.16用英语写―篇日记（注意格式）

Saturday, May, 28th

It was fine.I went for an outing with my classmates today.At 8:00, we met at the school gate and then set off for the People’s Park.The bicycle ride took us half an hour.The sun was shining and there were

many people in the park.In the morning, we played all kinds of games.After the picnic at noon, we took many pictures in the afternoon.Before we went

back at 5:00, we spent about one hour visiting the zoo.Although I’m a little tired, I felt very happy.

第五篇：中考英语-被动语态及练习

初中英语被动语态复习

一、被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。

如：He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：

2、被动语态的句式变化：

以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：

3、含有情态动词的被动语态

情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。如：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）

三、主动语态变为被动语态

转换图示：

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：

（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：(注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。)如：Tom killed him.→ He was killed by Tom.（2）将动词改为“be+过去分词”。

注意：

They held a meeting yesterday.→ A meeting was held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。

（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。He sang a song.→ A song was sung by him.2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：

含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。

Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack.The truth was told(to)us by Jack.四、动词的主动形式表示被动之意

系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意 常见的系动词有： ① be动词

② ……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste

e.g.She seems/appears happy.It smells terrible.③(逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go

e.g.His wish has come true.People often went hungry in the old days.The tree is growing tall.④ 保持：keep, stay

e.g.We must keep quiet in the reading room.五、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：

1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take

2、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

1、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。○

An accident happened yesterday.2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

○

3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。

○

4、This book sells well.这本书畅销。

○

5、The kind of cloth washes well.这种布很容易洗。○

6、The article reads well.这篇文章读起来很好。○

7、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning.超市在早上八点钟营业。

○

8、The door won’t close/shut.这门关不上。○

9、The door locks easily.这门容易锁。

○

10、This material wears well(won’t wear).这种材料耐久（不耐久）

○

六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）

1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）

English is spoken by lots of people in the world.世界上的许多人都说英语。

Class meeting is held every Thursday.每周四都举行班会。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.学生们每天都打扫教室。

2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

He was saved at last.他最终获救了。

My bike was stolen.我的自行车被偷了。

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done;would/should be +done)A speech will be given this afternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。

A new road will be built next year.明年要修一条新马路。

I thought thousands of people would be helped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done;was/ were being +done)The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday.昨天这时，机器正在被修理。

The problem is being discussed now.问题正在被讨论。

A bus is being pushed by the passengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)Two hundred trees have been planted by now.到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。

The book has been read many times by me.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

6．过去完成时(had been+done)They said they had been invited to the party.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

She found the house had been destroyed by the storm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

被动语态专项练习

Ⅰ单项选择

1.Good books ____ again and again.A.should be readed

C.must read

B.should be read

D.ought to read

2.The children ____ by the nurse.A.were looked

B.looked after

C.were looked after

D.looked

3.He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.A.gave, didn't listen

B.was given, wasn't listened C.give, wasn't listened D.was given, didn't listen 4.When____ the accident _____ ? A.was, happen

C.is, happen

B.did, happen D.was, happened

5.The question ____ by us soon.A.is going to discuss

B.will discuss

D.has been discussed C.is going to be discussed 6.The lab ____ about five years ago.A.was builded

B.was built

C.builds D.has been built

7.A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.A.have set up

C.were set up

B.have been set up D.set up

8.They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A.had finished

C.had been finished

D.have been finished

B.have finished

9.Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.A.is…grown 10.He ____ by the teachers.A.is always praised

C.have been praised

B.praises

D.always is praised B.is…grew

C.was…grew

D.was…grown

11.Great changes ____ place.Many new schools____.A.have taken, have been opened

C.are taken, open

B.take, are open

D.have been taken, are opened

12.The picture______ in October, 1996.A.was taking

B.had been taken

C.was taken

D.had taken

13.We can't use the bridge now, because it______.A.has been repaired

B.is repairing

C.is repaired

D.is being repaired

14.I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.A.was shown 15.The war______ in 1941.A.broke out

C.was broken out

B.had been broken out D.had broken out B.showed

C.have shown

D.was showing

16.When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).A.is heated

B.heating

C.has heated

D.heats

17.We can't enter the room because its door______.A.locked

B.locks

C.is locked

18.They ______day and night.A.are made work B.are made to work C.made to be worked

D.are making to work 19.Chang'an Road is ______of people.A.filled

B.fill

C.full

20.Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.A.was sent up B.is sent up C.have been sent up

D.has been sent up

21.This English song _____ often _____ by the children.A.is, singing

B.is, sung

C.will, sing

22.The windows of our house _____once a week.A.must clean

B.have cleaned

C.is cleaned

23.When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ? A.was, found

B.was, founded

C.did, found

24.Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.A.will be mended

B.has mended

C.was mended

25.Your exercise books _____ after class.A.will hand in

B.must hand in

C.handed in

D.must be handed in

26.Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.A.be planted

B.plant

C.are planted

D.will be planted

27.The sun _____ at night as usual.A.can be seen

B.can't see

C.can't be seen

28.A new English play _____ there next week.A.will put on

B.will be put on

C.is going to put on

D.will be putted on

29.A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.A.was happened

B.has been happened

C.happened

D.was going to happen 30.The glass ______.It _____ by little Tom this morning.A.broke, is broken B.is broken, was broken C.was broken, broke

D.has been broken, broken

Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态

1.I saw the boy run yesterday.2.He told me that he would come back soon.D.is locking

D.fulled

D.was, sung

D.are cleaned D.does, found D.mended

D.doesn't see

3.You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.4.Do you water your flowers every day? 5.The wind blew down the big tree last night.6.I think that he is right.7.He had not thrown the bad food.8.Mother was not mending the trousers.9.They would not take him to Beijing.10.Nobody knew me in this town at that time.参考答案 Ⅰ单项选择

1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.C 21.B 22.D 23.B 24.C 25.D 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.C 30.B Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态

1.The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.2.I was told that he would come back soon.3.A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.4.Are your flowers watered every day? 5.The big tree was blown down last night.6.It is thought that he is right.7.The bad food had not been thrown.8.The trousers were not being mended by my mother.9.He would not be taken to Beijing.10.I was known by nobody in this town at that time.