第一篇:翻译软件应用课程总结
翻译软件课程总结
带着好奇与期待,我走进了翻译软件应用这门课的课堂。拿着自己老师编写的课本,心中满满的自豪感。起初,对于翻译软件发展历史以及机器翻译理论确实有些难懂的地方,后来,随着老师讲解的深入,同学们的理解也更全面了,上机操作也更有效果。接下来,我将从译前、译中、译后三个方面来谈谈我对翻译软件应用的体会。
1、译前
译前工作包括确定翻译领域、结组、搜集句子、筛选句子和小组讨论这几个环节。
翻译领域和翻译素材(100个句子)的确定是与翻译软件自身的特点紧密联系的,这一点需要我们对翻译软件保持清醒的认识。在机器翻译研究中诸如歧义消解、指代、省略等50年前存在的问题现在依然存在。如果我们的翻译领域是文学翻译,那么翻译软件不会将文化背景、作者思想、目的语语境等这些问题考虑进去,译文质量相对于资深人工翻译而言一定会大打折扣。但是,如果我们选择科技、政治、外交或经济等领域,这时,翻译软件就会很好地发挥其作用。因为在上述领域,固定语言发展较为成熟,并且在社会大背景下,人们也普遍接受了这种固定语言,翻译软件中的词库储备较为完善。例如对“社会主义市场经济”一词的翻译,参考多个文本,我们只能找到“socialist market economy ”这一个答案,这为整个翻译过程减轻了许多负担。综合以上这些因素,我们将翻译领域确定为经济、外交。
在句子的选择过程中,在形式上,我们综合了复杂句与简单句,复合句与并列句。在内容上,我们既选择了较为正式的发言稿,也有涉及人们日常生活的话题。另外,我们小组也准备了中英对照文本,来确保最后的翻译质量和更好的衡量机器翻译的效果。
2、译中
在同学们上机操作之前,老师对河北师大英汉-汉英翻译系统和雅信翻译软件做了很细致的讲解。也许是先入为主吧,在翻译的开始阶段,我选择了河北师大英汉-汉英翻译系统,这个系统操作起来要比雅信便捷,整个机器翻译过程不足一分钟,但需要大量的人工校对。此系统词库中相关固定搭配的储备还算完善,但翻译过程中最主要的是语序问题,需要做大量校对。
把前一部分句子翻译完后,会感觉反而没有自己纯手工翻译快,当时不禁对翻译软件的效率和效果产生怀疑。但随着更加深入的实践,我发现,我们对于机器翻译的定位要准确,现阶段,机器翻译并不能代替人工翻译,它并不能帮助不同语言背景下的人们完全打破语言障碍,彻底实现彼此之间的自由交流。现阶段,机器翻译的最佳定位莫过于“机助人译”,即帮助翻译工作者实现效率和效果的最优化。因此,在面对大批量的翻译任务时,翻译软件的效果也就更明显。我相信,随着翻译理论和科技的不断进步,机器翻译定会不断完善。
雅信是计算机辅助翻译,其特点是词库专业,并且词库量大,可以根据翻译领域自行选择词库,操作界面简单,便于初学者操作和掌握。在翻译过程中,译者还可以自己添加词语,建立词汇库,这就大大提高了翻译质量和翻译效率。另外,与河北师大英汉-汉英翻译系统相比,雅信不用将原文转化为txt格式,可以直接用word文档进行操作,省去了很多麻烦。
但也有一个比较明显的缺点,雅信软件更大程度上局限于词对词的翻译,语法错误较多,需要做大量的语序调整和后期校对。然而,正是这个“缺点”体现了雅信“计算机辅助翻译”的特性,它不像有道词典或金山词霸,直接由计算机给出译文,而是以人工翻译为主,计算机辅助完成翻译过程,更好的体现了“机助人译”的定位。
3、译后
翻译完成之后,我们进行了小组讨论,分别把自己的译文与前期准备的译文对照,尽管有明显不成熟的地方,但大家还是尽量保持了自己的译文,因为如果全部照抄网络译文,就完全违背了软件翻译的初衷了。但大家也借鉴了其可取之处,把相关词汇扩充到了翻译软件系统中,为今后的软件翻译提供方便。
经过一学期的翻译软件课程学习,从前期的理论准备,到后期的上机实践,都使我受益匪浅。拨开机器翻译神奇的面纱,我对河北师大英汉-汉英翻译系统和雅信翻译系统有了比较准确的认识,对机器翻译的定位有了更清晰的把握。我相信,随着计算机网络的发展,经济全球化的加深和电子商务的广泛开展,面向机器翻译的大规模语言学资源建设和测试平台的开发逐步得到重视,机器翻译的应用领域不断扩展,机器翻译将有更广阔的发展前景。
第二篇:安装软件应用总结
安凌软件应用总结
安凌软件用了7月,它对我们销售客户的维护及领导对销售工作的检查和管理起到非常重要的作用。今天,我针对这两个月的使用情况及存在的问题,做一个小结:
10月份的销售记录实际9万8录入3万9
11月份的销售记录实际16万,录入1万7跟之前财务对不上。
①销售数据录入不及时,每个月3号之前将上个月销售记录全部录完。②存在问题没人反应,产品价格问题有变动,使用当中有问题可以改的告诉我。只要是共性问题,可以修改,互动反馈
除了销售额反应出来的问题,还有下面的问题:
③客户基本信息内容不全面 10项
我们要求每月新增40条表现好的:赵海霞75 于英47 孙校华40
④跟踪记录 是销售部领导检查大家工作的重要依据,要求写有价值的内容。“邀约来店亲情沟通” 不具体,没有实际内容。这样不算有记录。
跟踪记录 制度第14条规定回访以1个月为限孙校华143赵海霞87王欣伟85
跟踪记录不太好的李艳文 张浩南李晓君0
明确,一点工作态度问题,不是完全为个人,查询,记录数据,有序关怀等,更重要的作用对公司客户数据的分析,客户的星级管理,某一特定消费人群的查询,消费周期的季节变化,新老员工客户交接,尹杨经理检查日常工作跟踪记录,10张报表给苏总,对公司销售决策的制定都会产生非常重要的影响。
⑤其它功能的使用。比如:设置自动提醒查询功能,写串的跟踪人写成我的,血压 健康记录里都有 都写备注里了 写给管理员的话,赠品设置
针对这些问题,接下来我们还会安排一场关于安凌软件的学习和考试。时间暂定11日下午,成绩分两部分,一笔试二平时上机考核内容 两部分。平时上机部分我们考查点是11日之前,大家平时录入资料的完整性、准确性、及时性有一个评分,笔试部分侧重一些大家平时能用到的软件功能,比如 设置自动提醒,复杂查询,成生报表,希望大家在11日之前把没录完的内容处理一下,多学习研究一下安凌软件的功能使用,活学活用,让软件不局限于数据的存储和查看,使用中发挥安凌软件更强大的功能。
第三篇:翻译教学课程总结
翻译教学课程总结
本学期我担任了08应用英语班的翻译课程的教学任务,现将本学期的教学工作大致总结如下。
1.本学期我担任的翻译课是新课,所以我首先要熟悉这门课程的特点及
教学任务和要求,这样才能做到有的放矢。具体说就是要熟悉教材,分清重难点。新老师面临的最大问题是不熟悉教材,不了解重难点,也不知道应该怎样上课。听课是提高自身教学能力的一个好方法,新老师只有多听课才能够逐渐积累经验。所以对每一次听课的机会我都十分珍惜。听了这些老师的课,我的收获很大,逐步掌握了一些驾驭课堂的技巧。
2.翻译课是一门特殊的技能综合课程,其侧重点在于实践,只有通过多
练习、多学习才能提高英语翻译水平。在备课的过程中,我一般是认真钻研教材,学习其他老师的经验,根据学生具体情况和需求力求在教学内容和方法上有所改进和突破。
3.使用多媒体进行教学。本学期我任教的翻译课需要使用电子教室。我课前认真备课,花了大量时间设计制作幻灯片。每堂课严格按照学校的要求进行。多媒体的使用加大了课堂教学容量和密度,提高了教学效率。
4.5.课堂上注重学生的主观能动性,培养学生用英语思维的习惯和能力。课后强调学生的练习,培养学生的主动翻译意识,经常布置作业并及
时批改,帮助学生提高英语翻译水平。
2010年12月29日
第四篇:英语教学软件应用学习总结(范文)
英语教学软件应用学习总结
李洁
昨天参加了学校英语教学组组织的教学软件应用学习活动。学习了视频音频的剪辑制作,教育智慧云平台的101教育PPT,优芽软件的运用,二一组卷以及智慧教育云平台教学计划和备课的使用方法。
通过学习真正认识了智慧教育云平台给我们提供的丰富教学资源,展现了多媒体教学运用到教学中的优势。通过这次的培训,我深深体会到:
1、信息技术对教育的重要作用。
在高科技飞速发展的今天,教师不能只停在原有知识的认识上,要不断学习,不断完善自己,不断充实自己。现在的学生更是聪明,他们不仅能在学校里学习知识,还能通过申视、网络等多种途径学到更多的知识。因而,教师必须有一种超前意识。
2、良好的信息素养是教师终生学习、不断完善自身的需要。
当今社会,一名优秀的教师应具有现代化的教育思想、教学观念,室握现代化的教学方法和教学手段,熟练运用信息工具(网络、电脑)对信息资源进行有效的文集、组织、运用通过网络与学生家长或监护人进行交流,在潜移默化的教育环境中培养学生的信息意识。这些素质的养成就要求教师不断地学习,才能满足现代化教学的需要,信息素养成了练生学习的必备素质之一,如果教师没有良好的信息素养。就不能成为一名满足现代教学需要的高素质的教师。
3.掌握计算机操作技能,也是教育系统本身的需要。
在教育系统中,教育信息是最活跃的因素。教师可以通过网络学习新知识、可与同行、可与学生进行沟通因此教育系统本身要求教师具备一定的信息素养。
这次培训的时间虽然短些,但我通过学习认识到计算机的重要性,我会在今后的工作中充分运用学到的知识进行教育教学,还要不断的学习新的信息技术。
第五篇:文化与翻译课程总结
文化与翻译课程总结
1.The relationship between language and culture.It has been widely recognized that language and culture are inseparableFirst, language is a part of culture.According to the definition of culture given by Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, a people's culture includes their beliefs, rules of behavior, language, ritual, art, technology, style of dress, ways of producing and cooking food, religion, and political and economic systems.We can draw a conclusion that language is a component of culture.Secondly, language is the carrier of culture and language reflects culture 2.The relation between culture and translation.The close relationship between language and culture decides the close relationship between translation and culture Firstly, culture necessarily exerts a great influence on translation.The ways of thinking, beliefs, attitudes and values of different nations not only give rise to failures or misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication, but also pose headaches to translation theorists and translators who are trying to bridge the gaps between source language and target language.Secondly, translation also influences culture.It can enrich a nation's culture by absorbing foreign cultural nourishments and transplanting the outside cultures into its own cultural environments.For instance, many English expressions, such as first-hand material(第一手资料),black list(黑名单),have found their ways into the Chinese language, with the Chinese people feeling no foreignness at all Finally, translation serves as cultural intermediation(调解).As the informational technology and communication develops, the communication between different countries and regions has become more and more frequent, direct and convenient.This is no denying that translation plays a vitally important role in intercultural communication.3.The differences between Chinese and English thought patterns.Synthetic Thought Pattern and Analytic Thought Pattern Synthesis is a kind of thought which combines the separate parts, elements of the objects into a whole while analysis is a kind of thought which separates the whole into parts.Synthetic and analytic thought patterns are not only opposite, but also unified In thought, Chinese prefer synthesis, English analysis.This results in Chinese preference in holistic(整体)thought pattern while English speakers partial.Their differences are shown in many fields, such as medicine, opera, painting, language, etc.Chinese medicine is the typical reflection of Chinese thought patterns.According to its theory, the human body is an entirety which is connected by different organs, and these internal organs depend on each other and restrict each other Doctors of traditional Chinese medicine will not cure the disease separately but treat it as the whole.Peking Opera also reflects the above synthetic thought patternFrom its performance feature, it belongs to a kind of synthetic performance which includes singing, reciting, and dancing and again this dance is different from the Western ones, which is a kind of Chinese wushu.It is the artistic synthesis that can be divided into four Western arts: opera, ballet, drama and stage play.In Western arts, singers do not dance in the opera while dancers do not sing in ballet and the performers neither dance nor sing in stage plays.Imaginative Thought Pattern and Abstract Thought Pattern Circular Thought Pattern and Linear Thought Pattern
Chinese speakers prefer imaginative thought while English speakers abstract thought.Subjective Thought Pattern and Objective Thought Pattern
Intuitional(直觉的)Thought Pattern and Rational Thought Pattern Collectivistic Thought Pattern and Individualistic Thought Pattern
4.The differences between Chinese and English languages.Compared with Chinese, English is a kind of hypotaxis and thus pays much attention to the formal connection among the sentences.Verb is the center of the sentence.The relationships between words are represented by the morphological(词法的,形态的)changes, inflections, conjunctions and propositions.Their meanings are expressed by the sentence elements.As a result, when Chinese is translated into English, some “omitted” elements should be replenished(补充).English sentences cannot even be made without these relative words and conjunctions, which are rarely used in Chinese 5.The relationship between foreignization and domestication.In this sense, domestication is considered as a necessary complement when foreignizing strategy fails to deal with cultural elements of the source language in translation.It serves as a reasonable makeshift(权宜之计)and always paves the way for future foreignization Firstly, with the increasing communication among nations, foreign terms or customs may be accepted by the target readers sooner or later.During past decades, large quantities of modern Chinese words loaded with unique Chinese culture information have entered the English vocabulary, and this serves as the best proof of foreignization Since foreignization strategy can faithfully transfer the cultural features of the source into the target and achieve a relative high degree of intelligibility(.可理解性),Domestication is the surrendering of the culturally-loaded words in the source language to the corresponding cultural category in the target language and translating with corresponding words 6.An analysis of translationese, including such aspects as the definition, causes and features.Definitions Translationese is an unnatural form of language in translation which carries the features of the source language structures, thus violating the habitual use of the target language within a certain period of time Causes to Translationese firstly, the translator's ignorance of differences between the two languages;secondly, the translator's misunderstanding of “faithfulness”;thirdly, the translator does not comprehend the deep meaning of SL text features.①unsmooth language which not only violates the norm of Chinese but ruins the readers' interests and(ii)obscure meaning which confuses the readers' understanding ①being unnatural;(ii)carrying the features of source language structures and(iii)being in violation of the habitual use of target language 7.A brief introduction of or a comment on Skopos theory Skopostheorie points out that translation first must be a kind of human behavior with a distinct purpose the translation Skopos determines the translation procedures
Skopos rule is the top-ranking rule for any translation which indicates that a translation action is determined by its Skopos
• Coherence Rule and Fidelity Rule as Subordinate(从属的)Principles • Another important rule of the Skopos theory is the coherence rule, which means that a translation should be acceptable in a sense that it is coherent with the receivers’ situation
The third rule of the Skopos theory that a translation must conform to is the fidelity(忠实)rule.Such a kind of fidelity is embedded in the very concept of translation in the Skopos theory 8.An analysis of some translation approaches In this section, some common translation approaches will be introduced.They are: transliteration, transliteration with explanation, literal translation, literal translation with explanation, paraphrasing and adaptation.Transliteration means to translate an item according to its pronunciation rather than its meaning.It is a frequently adopted method to the translation of some objects particular toChinese culture Transliteration with Explanation This method can roughly be divided into two subcategories: one is transliteration within-text annotation;the other is transliteration with out-text annotation Literal Translation Literal translation is where the forms of the original are retained as much as possible, even if those forms are not the most natural forms to preserve the original meaning.Literal translation is sometimes called word-for-word translation or sentence-for-sentence translation Literal Translation with Explanation Paraphrasing This method reproduces the content without retaining the form of the original.In other words, it is a process of rewriting in different words, emphasizing the content instead of the form of the SL.Since translation is the substitution of one language with another, a change of meaning in the process is a matter of course.