第一篇:英语听力的学习体会
我在印尼出差时,接到Heathcliff班主的短信,要我为“听力训练方法”版写一篇英语听力的学习体会。遵从班主的指示,这厢献丑了:
1,提高听力必须花费大量时间
我花在听力上的时间很多。大学刚毕业时,专门练习过托福听力,大约用了300小时。后来断断续续听过北外的中级听力和“高听”,以及VOA的SE。最近四年每天坚持听ST,平均一天听2小时左右。英语听力的提高需要量的积累,不花大量时间不可能有突破。
2,提高听力需要阅读、口语、写作、翻译等多项技能的辅助
学习听力不可能孤军深入。我在读大学和研究生其间,花了许多时间阅读英文原版专著,有些课程(宏观经济学、大众传播学、西方文学等)基本上是读英文原著,还利用业余时间翻译过一些资料。由于积累了大量词汇,并熟悉了英文表达方式,为之后的听力练习打下基础。另外,要多练口语,多写作、多跟读。我感到自豪的是,由于平时努力,每次重要的英语考试,如本科生、硕士生、博士生入学英语考试,我都能在不精心准备的状态下,取得好成绩。
3,提高听力必须有相应的词汇量
我上大学时背过“英语8000常用词”,也背过小型英语词典。并把记忆单词和日常英语阅读结合起来,加强词汇基础。我在英语学习的起步阶段就接触英英词典,练习用英语解释英语。从而提高了语感。这几年我的词汇量基本稳定在一万以上。4,听写是个好方法
听写的一大好处是可以帮助我们识别语音。只有听准了英语语音,才能把正确的词句记录下来。长期坚持听写,能培养对英语语音的下意识反应。开始学听写很难,可从SE练起,逐渐过渡到ST。最重要的是辨音能力,要提高耳朵的敏感性。这属于物理性练习。没有辨音能力,一切将无从谈起。
5,坚持精听
有了一定的听力基础后,可练习精听。每次只听一句话,但一定要听懂。先听简单的话,在听长句、复杂句。开始要听许多遍才懂,熟练以后可以一、二遍就懂。接下来,练习听几句话,听段落,也要求一、二遍完全听懂。由于精听是完全靠耳朵听懂,而不是参考记录文本,因此对提高听力理解力很有帮助。所有听力练习的目的都是为了提高听解力。听写只是手段,不是目的。到一定程度以后,应减少听写量,更不能依靠听写记录文本去理解。
6,高质量的泛听
泛听可以提高一次听解的水平。听的时候,应保持心态放松,只管一路听下去,不必纠缠个别生词和难句。要求快速听懂大意,对某些细节和难点,可在第二、第三次听时搞懂。泛听材料不要太难,生词量不要太多。
7,主动听一些具有挑战性的材料
科技报道、医药卫生报道、采访实录等比较难懂,可以有选择地听一些。敢啃硬骨头,再听一般性报道,就有了轻松感。
8,下意识的听力练习
在睡觉前听,完全放松地听,有利于形成英语下意识,有时在睡梦中也能理解耳边的英语。不要强求每句话都听懂,在模糊状态下也可以积累语言感觉。
记英语单词的方法有许多书介绍过,可以参考。但前提是硬记,必须死记住6000以上基本词汇。然后再采用前缀、后缀、词根等方法,扩大词汇量。我曾用毛笔把常用词抄在挂历上,一抬头就看得见。背单词时大声发音,记住拼写规则。如果一词多意,就把最常用的意思重点记住,以后逐渐扩大对词意的了解。
有了6000词做基础,就可以经常使用英英词典了。遇到单词查英英词典,通过原汁原味的语言解释了解生词,可以很快找到语感,特别对准确理解英语有好处。具备了使用英英词典的能力,学英语才算真的入门了。但做到这一步很不容易,需要下苦功。
一遍听懂是一个很高的要求。其训练方法同听写不完全一样。
听写的目标很单纯,就是听音记词。有时意思完全没有听懂,但仍可以把词一个个记录下来。但是一次听懂不同,需要一遍就能把主要意思听明白。是听懂,而不是通过记录文本读懂。
训练一次听懂需要从听写起步,经过精听、泛听逐渐培养抓大意、抓细节的能力。
听一篇材料之前,先设想几个问题,带着问题听比无目的听更有效,可以训练听英语的方向感。听的时候抓住一段完整地听下来,不要被个别词句打断,尽量抓大意。不懂的地方,听第二、三遍时再补充。许多专业英语翻译在工作中有时也只能抓住主要意思,而无法顾及所有细节。
遇到生词不纠缠,有利于保持良好的心态。听英语的心态很重要,不骄不躁,平和稳定。有时,心态不好会严重影响水平的发挥。明明可以听懂的东西,因为心态不好很可能听不懂。聚精会神,却不紧张慌乱,把能听懂的地方都听懂,尽量发挥应有的水平。
从学会听写进步到高质量的泛听,需要改变学习侧重点。听写时注意力集中在单词上,需要认真辨音;训练一次听懂则把聚焦点放在整个段落上,不必计较每个词的发音。有时,单词的声音虽没有听清,但整句话还是可以听懂。要有“志在得千军,而不在得一将”的大气,才有利于培养一次听懂的能力。
最重要的是有快速反应能力,听的时候不经过中文翻译就能理解。这不是一日之功,需要反复练习,打好基础。当听写具有一定准确性后,就应减少听写时间,集中攻克精听、泛听。不然的话,老是听写会养成一种习惯:一听英语就想用笔记录,离开笔就听不懂。这话可能有些极端,但的确需要警惕一种倾向掩盖另一种倾向。
补充一点:除了辨音之外,培养一遍听懂的能力的另一个重要方面是大量阅读,尤其是快速阅读能力的提高。因为一遍听懂的另一个主要障碍在于快速的对意群的掌握,快速阅读对意群掌握能力的培养比较有效。另外大量阅读能够扩大自己熟悉的题材范围,这对听力理解也很重要。
快速阅读的确重要。一遍听懂和快速阅读有紧密联系。阅读的又快又准,有助于一次听懂;反之,听力水平提高后,又能促进快速阅读。英语的听说读写,各项技能是互相联系的。
训练一次听懂的另一种辅助方法是,利用每天早上醒来后的半小时、晚上临睡前的半小时、午睡前的10多分钟练习泛听。由于此时的心态比较放松,可调动大脑的浅意识对英语语音作出积极反应。
高级状态的听力是下意识活动。而听写和精听都是大脑的被动思维。被动思维的速度必然慢,而且磕磕绊绊。
没事时,尽量多听英语,即使听不懂也不要紧。由于有扎实的听写和精听基本功,只要耳边有英语声音,大脑就会自觉或不自觉地活动。好像听的时候没有进行思维,实际上大脑仍会有积极的反应。久而久之,就培养了听英语的下意识。
要允许英语听力练习中的模糊状态,不必深究每句话的意思,也不必听懂每个词每句话,但必须保持同英语的长期接触。日久天长,就会“耳熟尔”。
做人和做事一样。做人事事认真,逼得别人避之惟恐不及,最后落得个孤家寡人。做人要宽容,不要水至清无鱼。听英语也一样,该听写和精听时必须精确,该泛听或下意识听时,就随他去。宽容自己没有听懂,宽容别人说英语有口音、讲得快、口齿不清。给自己一点稀里糊涂的空间,反而可以学会听力。千万别把做数学题的执拗劲一股脑地带到英语听力练习中,事事都要搞个水落石出,每个词的用法都要用形式逻辑研究一番,那样是学不好语言的。高级的语言活动是艺术,不是靠分析推理可以掌握的。在打好听力基本功之后,应该让大脑自由地运动,达到“从心所欲而不逾矩”的境界。
在没有英语听说环境的情况下,靠听磁带、收音机、上网学听力,的确是比较苦和枯燥的事情。我在没有亲身经历过听写、精听、泛听、一次听懂等艰苦练习之前,误以为只要英语阅读能力强,学会听ST最多只要半年时间。这几天翻阅四年前自己定的听力学习计划,发现我曾经想要在六个月里学会听CNN电视广播。这真是痴人说梦了。
只有经历过了,才知道是非艰辛!
一些朋友可能已经完成了SE百篇大战计划,听力肯定也有提高。但是能否做到一次听懂SE,就不好说了。
听力练习只是一种个人性的、被动的、单独的室内练习,而非真正的人际语言交流。即使经过大量的艰苦学习,也只是打个听力基础,实质性的飞跃还要在语言的运用中得以实现。我在国外期间,发现面对面的交谈要比关在家里听磁带容易得多。无论是说,还是听,都觉得直接交流可以激发大脑的活力。有些话很长、信息量又大,但是直接听老外说,并不感觉太难。到自己张口时,好像没有经过事前准备,很多话和词汇自动也就流了出来。有一次,我直接和国外的一位省长谈重要的工作,不知不觉一口气讲了五六分钟。老外见此,干脆让他的中文翻译离开了,说没有翻译更方便交流。其实,如果把老外说的话用录音机放出来,我还不一定可以一次全部听懂。
所以,练习听力不要太为难自己。听写也好、精听也好,都是打基础,是为自己的英语能力做储备。假如遇到实在听不懂、听不清的地方,就放一放。特别是听写,有些模糊的词句听写错了也没有关系,不必为了百分之百的准确率而苦恼。如果过多地把精力放在制作精品记录文本上,连一个虚词、一个人名、地名都不留死角,似乎就影响学习效率了。只要坚持天天听,到了用的时候我们的听力自然会派上用场。
学习听力的关键是要有毅力,坚持不懈。至于具体的读物和资料可根据个人情况决定。你可以买一本英语小词典,挑里面的常用词背。如果有单词的录音磁带更好,可参考学习语音。
阅读资料有很多,最好读一批英语简易读物,像《简爱》、《金银岛》等。把这类有2000-3000词汇的书读熟,就会对英语产生语感,也会对英语常用词有比较透彻的了解,特别是可以熟悉英语的一些表达法。这可以为今后学习中、高级听力打下基础。
前几天在美国Arizona留学的同学回国探亲,问及他3年的美国学习生涯,自然谈到了英语学习。我记得他出国前花了近半年封闭式学习,上过新东方,通过GRE,Toefl考试出国的。现在他可以无障碍地阅读英文报纸,听懂90%的原版电影以及正常的交流。他对我的学习方法感到吃惊,认为毫无必要。他坚持认为只要多听听英语歌,看看原版碟子就可以了。我再三解释:他的看法适用于有语言环境背景,而不适用于我们。“2500个单词足以应付日常交流”他反复说。听后,我觉得语言环境的影响力是巨大的,同时也觉得要达到日常交流的程度并不难。2年前有幸到欧洲技术交流,以我当时那么差的底子也可以和同行沟通和聊天,比利时人英语讲的不好,但是他们工程师的听力很好。晚上看cctv-9,我发现他也只能听懂大意,有些大意都听不懂,因为他不喜欢看新闻。但不能说他的听力差,只是应用和纯听力还是很有差距。所以,要实现我们自学的目标,出国者的忠告未必全信,因为背景不同。
在漫长的学习过程中,重点突破我们感兴趣的话题,然后再横向拓展。dale再三强调打基础,和我的想法不谋而合。这个基础不光是听力,而是综合能力。其实打基础不是那么枯燥,比如说学习SE,把一些典型的生词,句子记下来,常常诵读。听report或者feature时有所感时写写读后感,或者用自己的话总结一下。任何时候先通听1~3遍,了解大意时再听写。听写是拐杖,我们不希望一辈子拿着拐杖。还有,个人认为百篇大战结束并不意味SE过关,只是初级阶段的结束。还需要加大泛听力度以及听正常语速的材料。
最近运用逆向法学习新概念3,已经学了6课,越学越有意思。尽管没有多少生词(指听力生词,很多生词可以猜到),语法也不复杂,但总觉得每听一遍,读一遍总有收获。
很多时候总觉得没有好方法、好材料学习,其实有很多很好的材料只是视而不见。
有无英语环境,对学习英语的影响的确很大。像我们这样单纯用磁带学习听力,需要克服的不仅仅是语言上的困难,更大的是心理上的障碍。许多人之所以无法坚持听下去,就是因为没有直接使用英语的机会。也许,那些放弃英语的人,如果真有机会出国学习、生活,他们也会适应英语环境的。
我觉得,应该尽量创造使用英语的“人造小环境”。例如,每天坚持听ST/SE新闻,阅读原版英文报纸,就是保持同外部世界联系的一个方式。虽然通过中文广播、报纸也可以获得国际新闻,但是我们喜欢英语,透过原汁原味的语言了解原汁原味的情况,不是更好吗!
有时,我把英语广播当作音乐听。一方面能了解信息,另一方面可以欣赏到英语的韵律。
我们所处的是一个竞争的世界,培养个人优良的素质是适应外部环境的硬要求,本科生、硕士生、博士生如果不能听说英语,实在说不过去。当我们参加一个国际会议,或是同外国人商讨问题,或者只是在学校听一个外国专家的报告,英语都是无可取代的。既有专业特长,又通英语,这样的人材不是太多了,而是很不够。
同许多中小国家相比,中国人的英语水平普遍较低。在别的国家,许多人是双语或多语。他们融入国际社会要比我们容易很多。特别是他们的政府官员、大学教师,其英语水平普遍很高,能说能写,阅读流畅。在专业水平同等的条件下,就因为我们的英语水平低,很多机会白白错过了。所以,同志尚须努力啊!
英语听力中有不少现象和音乐相似。比如音高、音准、音调、重音、辨音、节奏、音流等。没有好的耳朵,学听力比较难。至于说莫扎特音乐的频率和英语频率问题,我没有研究过,但凭常识判断,音乐旋律的音高决定了其频率赫兹。莫扎特的许多乐曲,音域范围和其他古典作曲家的作品大同小异。而人声的频率同器乐不同,男女声的频率也不同。即使莫扎特音乐对英语听力有影响,也不会同音频有太大关系。
关键是通过听音乐达到练耳的目的。如果我们对音乐十分敏感,就说明我们的纯听觉能力较强。这对学习英语听力有很大帮助。
英语听力的实质是大脑复杂的思维活动。大脑受到英语语音的刺激,开始一系列复杂的系统运转,通过语音解码、逻辑思维,产生准确的听解力。这一切都是瞬间完成的,几乎是下意识的反应。
因为错过了儿童期学习第二语言的黄金时间,我们现在练习听力就十分困难。只能一点点积累,熟能生巧,逐渐形成英语的下意识。要达到英语国家人士的语言水平,这个过程很可能需要我们终身学习。
我最近连续参加多次外事活动。发现许多专业翻译也不能听得很精确,甚至对一些常识性的话题也翻错了。这并不是他们弱智,而恰好说明学习英语的难度。我觉得,可以把听力学习的目标定得更符合实际一些,比如先做到听日常对话,再听专业讲座,再听感兴趣的故事、报道、谈话等,直到慢慢能听ST新闻,看电影。目标订高了,会挫伤积极性和自信心。
学习英语关键要培养良好的习惯。我是每天早上八点听ST新闻。一段是BBC的正点新闻(五分钟),一段是VOA(五分钟)。一般只听不写,用两三遍彻底听懂。如果有特别困难的地方,再花十分钟听写难点。每天早上总共用三四十分钟听ST新闻。中午和晚上各花半小时精听几条VOA的ST专题报道或讨论等。其他就是泛听和跟读了。有时侯几天都不听写,因为可以听懂,没有必要听写了。
我这个习惯已经保持了好几年。并不感觉听英语很累。
当然每个人情况不同。如果在起步阶段,就必须每天花两个小时听写。那个时期,我的确觉得听力练习很艰苦,但是走过来以后,就感觉轻松了。
英语听力的养成,和阅读水平、词汇量既有密切关系,又不是一码事。虽然我们可以读懂许多高深的英语书刊,但不一定能听懂普通的新闻广播。这是因为,阅读通过视觉神经刺激大脑,产生正确的理解;而听英语是听觉神经刺激大脑,通过对语音的解码、识别,取得正确理解。阅读和听力所刺激的大脑部位是不同的。我在阅读过近百本英语图书之后,仍觉得听力较差。于是,下决心运用逆向法攻克英语听力。刚开始听ST,我连断句都不会,听到的是一团含混不清的声响。认识的词听不出来;不熟悉的词,有时一个词会听成两、三个不相干的词。大脑基本陷入混乱。作为一个读了多年书的人,当时自信心受到强烈冲击,有几个月走路都走不稳。
是继续听下去,还是放弃学习。我选择了后者。
我咨询过一些英语自学成功的同事,得知通过自学掌握英语听力是极其艰难的事情。我们单位是国家的知名机构,聚集了大批高级人才。有三十年代的留学生、名牌大学生,也有最近几年毕业的清华、北大的才子。但是,真正通过自学掌握英语听力的人只有寥寥几人。一个是大学者陈寅恪的内侄----一位旧上海的高中毕业生。另一个是八十年代毕业于南京大学的工科学生。这两人真正达到了可以独立应对各种高级谈判或理论研讨的水平。其余的非英语专业毕业生,虽然出自名校----清华、北大、复旦等,学得最好的也不过是同老外谈一些浅层次的问题。
这说明,学习英语听力不仅需要智商,还需要耐力和正确的方法。作为成年人,哪怕再有学问,学语言也还需要一步一个脚印。钟道隆的逆向法是我采用过的最有价值的英语自学方法。特别是他写的《听遍全世界》,对自学ST听力有相当的参考价值。钟教授本人属于智商很高的一类,但即便如此,他花在学英语上的精力和时间也是惊人的。
我觉得,提高听力的途径是坚持听、精确听、广泛听、体会英语语音的韵律、听出快速反应能力。关于英语韵律问题,我觉得值得专门研究。那是同汉语很不同的一种语言流。如果掌握了英语的语音、语调(播报新闻的英语和平时说话的英语有很大不同;SE英语和正常英语更是极其不同),对于听懂影视节目好处很多。有关这个话题,以后有机会再专门详谈。
熟悉英语的韵律对提高听力很有好处。但是听力最基础的要素,还是单词和语法。另外,重音虽然是英语节奏的一个组成部分,但起起伏伏的语言流,不是只熟悉重音就可以掌握的。对于英语韵律我研究甚少,只是感觉英语听到深处,就要探讨韵律问题了。
英语的韵律有规律。如果用仪器记录,语言流的起伏曲线应该是比较规则的。我现在正摸索其中的规律,并体会到对提高听力的作用。
我感觉老外学中文,很难掌握四声。问题的实质也是汉语有独特的韵律。
解决韵律问题,要借鉴音乐知识。可以把英语韵律看作是由语音、语调、重音、节奏等要素构成的旋律线。在这个旋律下边,单词就变成了“歌词”,有的单词咬字清楚,有的一带而过。
另外,还应克服汉语韵律对英语的干扰。比如,汉语的四声变化突出,但除去四声外,汉语韵律的起伏变化很小,几乎是一条直线。用说汉语的韵律说英语,就会一个一个词平平地吐出来,听起来不象是说英语。同样,由于不适应英语韵律,听英语时总觉得怪腔怪调,明明熟悉的单词也听不懂了。
因此,我觉得泛听很重要。泛听可以从总体上把握英语韵律,避免一个个单词听写的局限。
两个问题有普遍性。
一是听的时候,怎样用英语理解英语。几乎所有人都遇到过这个难题。刚开始都要经过翻译的环节,熟能生巧,听的时间长了,就会直接理解了。我从必须翻译才听得懂,到即听即懂,用的主要方法是精听。每次只听一到两句话,反复听,直到直接理解。我感到,听英语一定要求单词很熟,不要总是停下来想单词;另外一定要有语感,不能总是慢慢地琢磨语法。特别是ST的一些句子又长又复杂,主句套从句。如果英语基础不扎实,一长串听下来,哪个是主语,哪个是谓语都搞不清楚,更谈不上理解了。为了熟悉英语,也可以增加阅读量。如果能快速阅读,语言感觉自然也就提高了。这有助于学习听力。
顺带说一句,听英语数字的能力很重要,不能快速理解数字,听力理解肯定大打折扣。有关如何听数字,以后有时间专门再谈。
二是记忆英语单词的问题。最基础的5000-6000单词,一般是通过查阅英汉词典,逐渐加深记忆。有了一定的词汇量,就可以使用英英字典了。不然,直接查英英字典,拦路虎太多。不要一次记忆同一单词的各种词意,集中记住单词的一个主要意思,以后再逐渐记住其他的词意。要把查阅英英字典当作游戏,不知不觉可以很快扩大词汇量。
另外,不要孤立地记单词,而应在阅读中扩大词汇。泛读很有用。快速阅读过程中,反复遇到的生词一般都是常用词,一定要记住。同时,通过泛读可以巩固半生不熟的单词,对于打好词汇基础很有效。
我的一个体会是,不要硬把英语单词翻译成现成的汉语。因为有的英语概念在汉语中没有对应词汇。如果硬译,就会影响对原文的理解。最好的办法是查阅英英字典。用英语了解英语概念。
以上就是DALE用过的几种方法,供你参考。
对英语数字的理解是个难点。
首先,汉语有个、十、百、千、万、十万、百万、千万、亿、十亿、百亿、千亿、万亿等等计数单位。而英语的计数单位同汉语有差别,没有万(英语是用十千ten thousand表示)、没有十万(用百千a hundrad thousand表示)、没有千万(用十百万ten million表示)、没有亿(用百百万a hundrad million表示)、没有百亿(十十亿ten billion表示)、没有千亿(用百十亿a hundrad billion表示)等等。所以,在计数单位上要熟悉英语的概念,不要硬守着汉语的计数单位。不然,脑子总转不过弯来。
第二,听英语数字时要直接理解,不要通过中译。例如,ten thousand就记住是ten thousand,不要翻译成“万”。在脑子里直接建立起ten thousand的数量级。听到ten million不要翻译为千万,直接记住ten million,并建立起ten million的数量概念。其他依此类推。
第三,如果需要口译,可以用笔记录下来相应的阿拉伯数字,每三个数字作为一节,用逗号标识。例如:300,000。在数字中使用逗号很有用。因为,用逗号隔开的一节数字,正好对应英语的一个计数单位。如:300,000对应的就是hundrad和thousand两个计数单位。其他依此类推。
另外要学会小数点的英语表达方式。如1.5是one point five。0.2是two tenth。表达小数点还有其他说法,就不一一列举了。
总之,记数字要尽快学会使用英语的计数单位。并在脑子中留下深刻的英语数量概念。
英语发音很重要,那位朋友举的例子:“word world wall war verb......................world war two............”,如果发音不好,听起来会很好笑。但不要紧,只要认真辨别元音、辅音,很快就可以取得进步。另外,多练练英语的绕口令,也能帮助提高发音质量。一般在专业外语学院,教师都会在发音方面给学生很多具体指导。这也是英语专业学生的优势。对比非英语专业学生,专业的语音要明显高出一筹。
听写的时候,刚开始可能只能听几个词就停下来抄写。随着水平逐渐提高,就要锻炼听一句话再抄写,这还可以练习英语记忆力。如果句子太长,则只好分几个部分听写。具体听多少长度停下来抄写,并不是主要问题。听写的目的主要是练习精确辨音,同时巩固自己对英语的听解力。用手写,还是用电脑打字,也不是大问题。关键要把单词拼写正确。
学英语肯定需要一些天赋,但也不必把先天因素看得太重。非英语专业的学生学习英语,目的不是为了当翻译,不必把目标定得过高。如果只是为了能听能说比较慢的、不很复杂的英语,没有太多天赋的人也可以学好。关键是要有恒心,至于用什么方法可以参考网友们写的体会。
这是一个长期在国外工作的长辈告诉我的。他的原话是,“只管往下听,别在脑子里翻译”。这个方法需要相应的听力基础,如果听力词汇量较大,基础较好,就适合采用。相反,听力词汇很少,刚听一两个词就遇到生词了,那就没办法听下去。具体说,如果听力词汇达到5000左右,就可以用这个方法跟听VOA、BBC的新闻报道和专题。
最好,在起步阶段用听写法先把基础打好,慢慢选择一些浅显的磁带用这个方法听,效果会更显著。如果听力词汇有1500-2000左右,可以跟听SE。
第二篇:英语听力材料
1.Why does Pamela want to have plastic surgery? A.To become a movie actress.B.To become an anchorwoman.C.To become a fashion model.D.To find a white-collar job.2.What surgery has Pamela already had? A.Enlarging her breasts.B.Removing wrinkles from her neck.C.Making her face thinner.D.Making her nose tip more pointed.3.What did Pamela think about beauty and character? A.Beauty is as important as a noble character.B.Beauty is more important than a noble character.C.Beauty is less important than a noble character.D.Beauty and a noble character are less important than ability.4.How do Pamela's parents and boyfriend react to her plastic surgery? A.Her boyfriend is against it while parents are for it.B.Her boyfriend is for it while her parents' opinion is unknown.C.Both her parents and boyfriend are for it.D.Both her parents and boyfriend are against it.5.How long would her new looks last, according to Dr.Carson? A.One to two years.B.Three to five years.C.Nearly a decade.D.Unpredictable.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A.A new beauty queen at the pageant.B.Beauty queen stripped of crown for lying.C.Failure to win the beauty queen title.D.Honesty is the best policy.7.How old was Laura Anness when she last participated in the pageant? A.15.B.24.C.27.D.None of the above.8.Where does Laura Anness actually live? A.Saltah, Cornwall.B.Saltah, Devon.C.Plymouth, Devon.D.Plymouth, Cornwall.9.What did Laura Anness say to explain her lying? A.She developed the habit of lying as a child.B.She did not really lie.C.She wanted to get the 2,000 pound prize.D.She wanted to realize her dream.10.What has Laura Anness lost in the end? A.The 2,000 pound prize.B.A work contract.C.The opportunity to compete at a higher-level contest.D.All of the above.1.What is the main idea of the dialog? A.More attention to one's skin than one's figure.B.Benefits from skincare.C.Seeking expert advice on skincare.D.Seeking expert advice on beauty contests.2.What problem does the woman have? A.She has smallpox.B.She has oily skin.C.She has a lot of wrinkles.D.She has crow's feet around her eyes.3.What does the man advise the woman to do? A.Wash her face with lukewarm water.B.Pat her face dry with a clean towel.C.Pat a cream onto her face.D.All of the above.4.What is the use of the cream? A.To wipe out dirt and oil.B.To remove wrinkles.C.To tighten the skin.D.All of the above.5.What does the man suggest finally? A.To get a facelift every four to six months.B.To get a facelift every four to six years.C.To get a facial every four to six months.D.To get a facial every four to six weeks.1.Why was the door to the balcony wide open? A.The weather was hot.B.It was too moist inside.C.It was too dry inside.D.The scene outside was beautiful.2.Why was the speaker unable to close the windows? A.The window was deformed.B.The wind was too strong.C.He was scared stiff by the loud thunder.D.He was frightened by the lightning.3.How did the speaker manage to close the window? A.He asked his wife to close it together.B.He used a mop to close it.C.He waited until the wind was less strong.D.He waited until the hail was over.4.What did the speaker do after seeing the lightning? A.He closed the window.B.He turned off the TV.C.He turned off the lights.D.He pulled out the electrical plugs.5.What is the sequence of the events? A.Sun—wind—thunder and lightning—sun—hail.B.Sun—hail—thunder and lightning—wind—sun.C.Sun—wind—thunder and lightning—hail—sun.D.Sun—wind—hail—thunder and lightning—sun.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.How many people in the nation has the drought affected since April 8? A.25.95 million.B.18.44 million.C.8.07 million.D.20.88 million.7.What does the Minister of Water Resources think has caused the dry spell? A.Only lower rainfall.B.Only higher temperatures.C.Both lower rainfall and higher temperatures.D.Lower rainfall, higher temperatures and over-farming.8.What measures were the local governments urged to take to provide drinking water in drought-hit areas? A.Artificial precipitation.B.Digging of wells.C.Finding new water sources.D.All of the above.9.How much money has the Central Government allocated for rural drinking water security and small water projects? A.7.5 billion yuan.B.6.4 billion yuan.C.1.1 billion yuan.D.13.9 billion yuan.10.What is the passage mainly about? A.The victory over the drought.B.The disasters caused by the drought.C.The drought and coping measures.D.The drought and its causes.1.What happened to 200 supercarriers in the past 20 years? A.They survived severe storms.B.They lost their ways at sea.C.They were lost with a few survivors.D.They were lost with no survivors.2.What does the woman find surprising? A.Modern technology cannot save supercarriers.B.Modern technology has saved many supercarriers.C.Communications and emergency services have improved fast.D.Communications and emergency services have improved slowly.3.Which of the following is true of the helicopter? A.It was blown into the sea.B.It sank with the supercarrier.C.It saved a few people on the supercarrier.D.It saved the supercarrier.4.What happened to the oil-drilling rig off Canada's coast? A.The workers escaped.B.A lot of people died.C.The rig was overturned.D.The rig exploded.5.What is the main idea of the dialog? A.Tsunami—the most destructive disaster at sea.B.Rogue waves—the most powerful sea waves.C.Mysteries of sea disasters.D.The fate of different super-carriers.1.What may workaholics do? A.They bring work home.B.They keep working until after midnight.C.They bend over their work on weekends.D.All of the above.2.Which of the following does the speaker recommend doing? A.Concentrating on one thing a week.B.Concentrating on one thing a day.C.Concentrating on one thing at a time.D.Doing just a few things at a time.3.What should one do first according to the passage? A.What is important.B.What one understands.C.What is easy.D.What is difficult.4.What does the speaker say about working at home? A.One should not bring too much work home.B.One can work in the living room if one has a home office.C.One should not bring confidential files home.D.One should work only within the usual working hours.5.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.Bad habits of workaholics.B.Tips for workaholics.C.Good habits of a devoted worker.D.Cultivation of a devoted worker.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.Why does the speaker mention “football”? A.It is more popular than basketball.B.It is less popular than basketball.C.It is an example of the importance of teamwork.D.It is an example of the importance of physical strength.7.Which of the following is the reason that team spirit is being increasingly valued in modern society? A.Today's society is a self-sufficient one.B.Today's society is no longer a self-sufficient one.C.Individualism is increasingly valued throughout the world.D.Team sports have become increasingly popular in modern society.8.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the product of cooperative efforts? A.A pot of flowers.B.A loaf of bread.C.An article of clothes.D.A transportation means.9.Why kind of people do companies today especially want to employ according to the dialog? A.Skilled workers.B.Computer experts.C.Good Football players.D.Good team players.10.According to the passage, why should we learn to cooperate with each other? A.To meet the needs of personal development.B.To meet the needs of the complex society.C.Both A and B.D.Neither A nor B.1.What does the man mean by saying “No one has a good enough memory to be a successful liar”? A.With a good memory you will be a successful liar.B.If the listener has a bad memory, you will succeed in lying.C.If you lie, you will forget what you said and be found out.D.If you remember your lie well, nobody can see through it.2.Why did the man call the woman into his office? A.To praise her good appearance.B.To give her money.C.To reprimand her for being late.D.To reprimand her for telling a lie.3.What is the woman? A.A secretary.B.An assistant manager.C.The office manager.D.The accountant.4.What does the man say he has noticed over the past year? A.The woman has grown lazier.B.The woman has become more interested in money.C.The woman has grown prettier.D.The woman has improved her work.5.What does the dialog say about the training courses? A.The woman has paid a lot to attend them.B.The man has paid a lot to attend them.C.They have improved the woman's work.D.They have turned out to be a failure.1.What did the Mexican fisherman say when advised to stay out longer and catch more fish? A.He was tired.B.He could not find more fish.C.He had caught enough fish for his family's immediate use.D.He had caught enough fish for his family's long-term consumption.2.Which of the following is the sequence of actions the American suggests for the Mexican? A.Selling to the factory—owning a factory—owing a fleet of boats B.Owing a fleet of boats—selling to the factory—owning a factory C.Owing a fleet of boats—owning a factory—selling to the factory D.Selling to the factory—owing a fleet of boats—owning a factory 3.What did the American suggest the Mexican could finally do to make millions of dollars? A.Expand his fleet.B.Expand his factory.C.Sell more fish to the middleman.D.Sell his company's stock to the public.4.What did the American advise the Mexican to do after the latter had made millions of dollars? A.Lead a leisurely life.B.Lead a colorful life in Mexico City.C.Lead a profitable life in Los Angeles.D.Follow an MBA program.5.What does the Mexican's final answer imply? A.Playing with one's children is more fun than drinking wine.B.Drinking wine is more fun than playing the guitar.C.It is not worthwhile to work hard to expand one's business.D.It is a good idea to work hard to make plenty of money.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.6.What is the speaker's attitude towards frequent job-hopping? A.Highly positive.B.Slightly positive.C.Neutral.D.Negative.7.According to some people, how may people benefit from moving from job to job every few years? A.They may have more opportunities to move upward in responsibility.B.They may keep their skills up to date.C.Both A and B.D.Neither A nor B.8.According to the speaker, what may happen to people who stick to one job at one company? A.They may have opportunities for promotion.B.They may lose opportunities for promotion.C.They will be looked down upon by colleagues.D.They may be considered professionally incompetent.9.According to the speaker, what is the second disadvantage for people who change their jobs too often? A.They may be considered dishonest.B.They may be considered professionally incompetent.C.They may be considered not clever enough.D.They may be considered too ambitious.10.What does the speaker finally say about people who change their jobs too often? A.They may have a good team spirit.B.They are unlikely to be self-centered.C.Both A.and B.D.Neither A.nor B.1.How soon can they move into the new office? A.Before July 1st.B.After July 1st.C.Before August 1st.D.After August 1st.2.When will the new company probably start operating? A.Before mid-July.B.After mid-July.C.Before mid-August.D.After mid-August.3.What experience did the woman have? A.She always bought new equipment.B.She assisted her former boss in marketing.C.She was in charge of finance only.D.She did marketing and finance on her own.4.What will the woman do first on Monday morning? A.Buy new equipment.B.Call the art people.C.Hand in her marketing plan.D.Write a marketing plan.5.What has the man done about recruiting people? A.He has employed some R & D experts.B.He has found some candidates for the company's R & D section.C.He has employed some art people.D.He has found some candidates for the company's art work.1.Those who concealed their anger or quickly became irritable were 50 percent more likely than the average person to have an early heart attack.A.True B.False 2.The study by Patricia Carson and her colleagues involved over 1,000 subjects who were followed for an average of 36 years.A.True B.False 3.The questionnaire collected information on how the subjects reacted to pressure or stress.A.True B.False 4.By age 76, nearly two thirds of those who were classified as most angry had developed cardiovascular disease at an average age of 56.A.True B.False 5.Carson concludes that the most important thing angry young men can do is to go to a quiet room to calm themselves down.A.True B.False
1.At the beginning the man wants to have his hair styled.A.True B.False 2.The woman beautician tries to offer the man the complete service.A.True B.False 3.The man asks for a mirror because he suspects too much hair has been cut off.A.True B.False 4.Finally the man has short, yellow hair.A.True B.False 5.Now that the man has a fashionable hair style, he will go to the job interview with confidence.A.True B.False
1.Skiing is close to nature though crowds tend to make too much noise.A.True B.False 2.Every year forty or fifty skiers break their legs.A.True B.False 3.The woman thinks it is possible and necessary to be prepared for an avalanche.A.True B.False 4.Guides set off explosives to start avalanches, thus making the snow stable.A.True B.False 5.An avalanche beacon is an electronic device that sends a signal if a skier is buried by an avalanche.A.True B.False
1.The office manager offers to show the woman around.A.True B.False 2.The man promises to remove the stack of files from the woman's desk.A.True B.False 3.If the woman needs supplies, she can just let the man know.A.True B.False 4.Although the woman is a newcomer in the office, she is ready to call customers.A.True B.False 5.The woman has to press zero for an outside telephone line.A.True B.False
1.The man switched jobs owing mainly to layoff and company bankruptcy.A.True B.False 2.Now the man is doing a job more or less the same as he did before.A.True B.False 3.It was easy for the man to adjust to the new job amid technological advances and the Internet revolution.A.True B.False 4.According to the man, to keep up with the dramatic changes, one must constantly gather all kinds of information.A.True B.False 5.The man says that a job-seeker should concentrate on work-related classes and should not try to learn about other subjects.A.True B.False
第三篇:英语听力稿
2017年汉阳区中考英语模拟试题(二)听力录音稿
第一节(共4小题,每小题1分,满分4分)
听下面4个问题。每个问题后有三个答语,从题中所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后,你都有5秒钟的时间作答和阅读下一小题。每个问题仅读一遍。
Text1.What is it in that old box? Text2.Who will come to give us a talk? Text3.How are you going to Washington DC? Text4.When will the performance start?
第二节(共8题,每小题1分,满分8分)
听下面8段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text5.W:May I help you sir? M:Yes.I’d like to try on some sports jackets.I prefer something like the one I wearing.Text6.M: Well, I’d better go home now.It’s been great see you again.W: Oh, it was nice to see you, too.Text7.M: The plane will take off at 9:30.W: So we still have half an hour.Text8.W: John, why don’t you sit down and take a rest?
M: I will be right there after washing the dishes.Text9.M: I heard you got full marks in the exam.Congratulations.W: I’m sure you also did well.Text10.M: Thanks a lot for offering to return these books to the library for me.W: Four books? And I have four of my own to take back, too.Text11.W: Do you mind if I turn the television off?
M: Well, I’m in the middle of watching a program.Text12.M: Can you tell me what the word means?
W: Don’t you have a dictionary?
第三节
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白听两遍。听下面一段材料,回答13至15题。
M: Hello, Alice!I’m in the park now.I wonder if I could talk to you about our evening party.W: Of course, Jim!Please go ahead.M: When do you think id the best time for the party? W: How about Friday evening? I will be free then.M: Sounds good.However, I might have something else to do then.W: Is Saturday evening OK? It is a great time, too.M: Good.Shall I come to your house to talk about the party tonight? W: Sorry, I’ll be in the office the whole night.So let’s meet there, shall we? M: No problem.听下面一段对话,回答16至18题。
W: Hi, Tony.It’s only 7:10.There is still fifty minutes left for the class.Why are you in a hurry? M: We must arrive at school twenty minutes earlier.That’s one of our school rules.W: Anything else? M: We must wear school uniforms.We aren’t allowed to choose our own clothes.W: Are you allowed to listen to music in the classroom.M: No.But we can listen to music outside the classroom.W: What about reading storybooks? M: We can only do that after class.听下面一段对话,回答19至21题。
M: Wow, so many nice stamps!You must enjoy collecting them, Annie.W: Oh, they aren’t mine.All of them belong to my cousin Tony.M: Tony? Do you mean the boy who used to be lazy? W: Yes, Bill.Now he is working hard at everything.M: Amazing!W: People sure change.M: That’s true.By the way, are you allowed to collect stamps at home? W: No, my parents think I should pay more attention to my studies.Even if any friend came to my house, they would be mad.M: How strict they are!W: Yeah, but they think they are doing good to me.M: I think they might need to change their ideas about teenagers.W: Yes, you’re right.We are not children now.Sometimes they should think about our ideas.听下面一段对话,回答22至25题。
Are you doing anything for Earth Day this year? I think it’s a really good idea.It shows people how they can help the environment.This year we are all going to the Jiufeng Area to do pickup.That means collecting all the trash that people drop, like Coke cans and sweet wrappers and other things like that.We’ll start at 8 am and then pick up litter until about 1 pm.Then we’ll have a huge picnic.It’ll be great.You are supposed to take food and there are places to cook hamburgers and hot dogs and other things.Then we’ll do pickup again until about 3 pm.We’ll have to be very careful to tidy up well after the picnic!
第四篇:英语听力
学生场景
freshman大一学生sophomore大学二年级生, 有二年经验的junior student大三学生senior student大四学生,高年级学生
undergraduate student 本科生graduate student / postgraduate student 研究生
master‘s degree硕士学位bachelor’s degree学士学位
doctor student / doctor candidate 博士研究生 post doctor student博士后
alumni / alumnus(男)毕业生
老师场景
professor教授teaching fellow 讲师assistant
tutor / mentor / director / supervisor 导师president校长faculty全体教职员工
dean 系主任department 系staff全体员工(商店、企业)
上课、选课、听讲座、听报告场景
take/sign up the course选课drop the course 退课
register注册pick up = learncancel取消full报满lecture讲座seminar讨论班
elective course / elective course /optional course选修课
requirement / required course /compulsory必修课
credit学分introductory course初级课程advanced course高级课程
math数学computer course计算机psychology course心理学
physics物理学economics经济学computer science计算机科学
sociology社会学geology地质学chemistry化学
biology生物学biochemistry生物化学science理科
art文科engineering 工科
homework / assignment / projectbook report读书报告presentation课堂发言
reading list书单turn in / hand in hand 上交deadline最后期限
due到期extension延期
essay小论文thesis中论文dissertation大论文
term paper学期报告proposal开题报告
考试场景
Exam
mid-term exam期中考试
finalexam 期末考试
quiz测验
pop quiz不提前通知的考试
grade / score 分数
pass及格
passing grade及格分
failing grade失败
make up exam补考
cheat作弊
图书馆场景
shelf书架stack书库copier复印机
reference room参考书阅览室periodical room期刊阅览室study lounge 自习室reading room阅览室librarian图书管理员
catalogue书目index索引volume卷,宗 library card借书卡writing permission书面许可 book reservation 借书check out外借
overdue
超
期
renew续借fine罚款return还书 put on reserve被限制在馆内阅读magazine杂志journal期刊periodical期刊quarterly季刊current issue现刊back issue过刊author作者subject题目title名字key words关键字
常用地点英语
1.餐馆场景
restaurant餐馆dining hall食堂cafeteria自助餐厅
bar酒吧inn小旅馆,小客栈motel汽车旅馆 fast food快餐店snack food小吃snack bar快餐店
pizza hut必胜客sandwich三明治hamburger汉堡burger king汉堡王French restaurant法式餐厅Italian restaurant意式餐厅
食品:
buffet自助餐salad沙拉soup汤eat soup喝汤soup spoon汤匙sauce汁,酱dessert甜点main dish主菜pudding布丁dressing调味汁doughnut面包圈French bread法式面包a loaf 一条面包toast土司jam果酱apple pie苹果酱
potato chips土豆fish and chipsFrench fries炸薯条yoghourt酸奶steak牛排
soft drink软饮料soda water苏打水orange Juice橘汁mineral water矿泉水lemon juice柠檬wine酒liquor烈酒beer啤酒a cup of beer一杯啤酒
动作:
menu菜单
order dishes点菜 bring me the menu看菜单 recommendation推荐,招牌菜
付账:
pick up the bill买单 I will pick up the table.Let me treat you.Let me foot the bill.It's on me.I will buy the bill.AA制
Let's go fifty-fifty.separate checks split the bill tip小费
Let's go Dutch.各人付自己的帐 2.医院场景 医生:
内科医生physician外科医生surgeon牙科医生dentist
医院的部门名称:
候诊室waiting room急诊室emergency department小诊所clinic 医疗中心health center校医院infirmary
常见的生病症状:
症状symptom感冒catch a cold病愈get over发烧 fever温度temperature咳嗽cough
流鼻涕running nose肚子痛stomachache头痛headache
过敏be allergic to心脏病heart attack骨折fracture脚踝ankle流血bleeding
常见的设施:
体检check up / physical examination 体育锻炼physical education
常见的药品:
阿斯匹林aspirin药品medicine剂量dosage吃药 take the pill药方 prescription打针 injection抓药fill the prescription一天三次 take the pills three times a day
3.机场与车站场景、旅游场景 机场场景
机场airport起飞take off降落land盘旋circle 行李luggage登机门boarding gate / departure gate登机牌boarding pass离港departure起飞时间departure time
机场费airport fare办理登记手续check in
行李柜台baggage counter头等舱first-class经济舱economy class 商务舱business class准点到达arrive on schedule 晚点(到达)behind schedule延误,取消cancel 预定航班make a reservation 旅游场景
旅游trip,tour
假期vacation
预定饭店make a hotel reservation 去度假leave for a vacation 旅行社travel agency 观光go sightseeing 避暑胜地summer resort 夏威夷Hawaii
悉尼歌剧院Sydney opera house
带某人四处逛逛I will show you around 饭店接待hotel accommodation
4.银行场景、邮局场景 银行场景 银行bank
户头account开户open an account 支票帐户check account 支票check
旅游支票traveler's check 帐单bill
付账pay the bill 兑现支票cash a check 取钱draw 透支overdraw
出纳员teller活期存款 current deposit定期存款fixed deposit
邮局场景
邮局post office平信regular mail挂号信registered mail邮票stamp邮资postage电报telegram加急电报urgentcable超重overweight快递EMS(Express Mail Service)
联合包裹快递服务UPS(United Parcel Service)
5.租房子、住宾馆场景 宾馆场景
宾馆hotel小旅馆,小客栈inn汽车旅馆motel订房间book / make a reservation 订满booked up / occupied客房服务room service 单人间single room双人间double room 浴室bathroom前台front desk / reception 行李搬运工porter叫早服务wake up call
租房场景
房租rent房东landlord
房客renter / tenant契约lease / agreement 水电费utilities门厅hall 家具furniture风景画poster
橱柜cabinet书架book case / shelf 淋浴管道shower pipe修理fix / repair
坏了break down裂缝leak
管道pipe修理公司roofing company
修理工作repair job修理工maintenance man / repairman管道工plumber电工electrician
6.电话场景、工作场景 电话场景
接线员operator
长途电话long distance call 越洋电话overseas call
对方付费电话collect call
占线The line is busy / engaged.把电话接通put sb.through
让某人重打一次give sb.credit for the call 关机power off
不在服务区not at the service
先别挂Please hold on / hold for a moment.挂电话hang up 投币电话pay phone
打入的电话incoming calls 打出的电话outgoing calls
工作场景
老板boss秘书secretary 前台reception雇员employee 雇主employer面试interview 面试管interviewer面试者interviewee
部门主管head of departmentCEOChief Executive Officer 提升promotion顶头上司immediate boss
加薪give a raise经验experience经历experiences文凭credential辞职quit/resign退休retire失业lay off
面试场景
申请工作apply for the job 申请application 全职full-time 兼职part-time
首席执行官
求职者job applicator
简历resume
职位position / post
参加面试have / take a interview
第五篇:英语听力学习计划
英语学习不是一件一蹴而就的事情,我们大家应该在英语学习过程中制定一个学习计划,这样对于我们大家英语成绩的提升是很有帮助的。下面是关于英语听力学习计划的内容,欢迎阅读!英语听力学习计划
1、分层听力训练,快速检索有效信息
听的第一层是听辨,帮助我们把如流水般的声音同富有意义的“刺激物”区分开来,找出听力材料中有意义的信息,辨别听力中人物及关系;第二层是听知,通过听力来分析听力从下料中包含的节本内容,把握时间、地点、事件的基本脉络;第三层是听记,让我们记住听力材料中设计的数据;第四层是听析,意思就是能够听出里面一些“话里有话”、“弦外之音”不能直接听出的内容。同过分层听力训练,让大脑快速检索有效信息,选出答案。
2、初中英语听力练习方法
首先,你需要在日常生活中多使用英语来进行交谈。因为初中英语材料中的内容主要以日常短对话为主,而这些对话几乎可以说是取材自我们的真实生活,所以,如果有条件的话,在平日里就多进行一些相关的对话,也算得上是对题目的模拟了,长久坚持下去,相信任何短对话式题目都是“小菜一碟”了。
其次,多做一些听力方面的题型,在做题前一定要快速浏览一遍题目和选项,了解一下文中大概讲的内容,以便听时有所侧重。在做题的过程有利于培养我们集中精力的好习惯。也有利于提高我们做题的速度。
最后,初中生在听的过程中碰到生词时,使用英英词典进行查询。使用英英词典越早越好。这不仅因为英英词典给你的词条解释是最清晰的(翻译过的词条解释往往会引起词义上的误解),还因为通过查询英英词典,能够使你对初中英语的把握和感觉更加直接,不需要更多的中英转换。
英语听力学习计划平时应该要加强训练,多听多练习,这样才能够培养出好的语感,适应英语的语速,有了一定的语感以后才能够更的上语数,英语听力的能力才会有所提高,这就要求我们在日常生活里面有空的时候就听一下音乐的播放器。
多做一些听力方面的题型,再做题目之前,大家应该要先快速的浏览一遍题目和选项,了解一下全文讲的大概意思,这样在听的时候就能够找到重点,在做题目的过程里面才能够培养我们集中精力的习惯。也可以提高我们做题目的速度。
要学会预测预测,就是在做听力理解之前,根据各种的暗示,如所给答案的选项段落或者是对话标题等等已有的知识,对即将要听到的对话或者是段落内容进行一个猜测。
除此之外,大家也应该要打好扎实的,基本就是丰富一下自己的词汇量,还有各个单词和单词组合的用法,英语短语的意思,这些基本的知识可以帮助我们更好的理解听力方面的内容。