马晓宏法语修订版第二册课后习题句子的翻译

第一篇：马晓宏法语修订版第二册课后习题句子的翻译

第五课

1这个号码的鞋有两种，您想要试这种还是那种？

1）法国多数大型超市都位于城郊处，城内多间普通超市或小型超市。2）依我看，这本书比那本书有意思多了。

3）你不认识儒勒？他比我个子高，比我胖，比我强壮得多；而且他人特别好。4）同学们纷纷指责他的疏忽大意。因为他，很多人错过了这次机会。

5）这套衣服宽松、舒适，你穿起来很合体。

6）在法国购物可以有很多选择：可以到住所附近的小商店、离家不愿的小超市或普通超市买日常用品；如果要买的东西多，还可以开车或乘车去城外的大型超市。要是想买新鲜的时令蔬菜或农产品，还有大名鼎鼎的农贸市场。商家都非常和蔼、好客，服务也很周到。那儿的气氛令人愉快。

Leçon 5 1.Je trouve que ce costume gris et argenté te donne un bel éclat!2.Il y a deux modèles de chaussure de votre taille , vous voulez essayez celui-ci ou celui-là ?

3.En France , la majorité des hypermarchés se situent à la périphérie.Et au centre-ville , ils sont les supermarchés ordinaires ou les supérettes.4.D'après moi , ce livre est bien plus intéressant que celui-là.5.Tu ne connais pas Jules ? Il est plus grand , plus gros et bien plus fort que moi.En plus , il est très sympa!6.Les camarades lui ont reproché son incettention.A cause de lui , beaucoup de gens ont raté cette occasion.7.Cette veste est ample et confortable.C'est tout à fait ta taille!8.On a beaucoup de choix pour faire des courses en France : vous pouvez aller aux commerces dans votre quartier , à la supérette de proximité ou aux supermarchés pour faire des achats quotidiens;si vous avez beaucoup de choses pour acheter , vous pouvez aussi aller aux hypermarchés à la périphérie en voiture.En fin , il y a encore les fameux marché , où tous les produits sont frais et de saison.Les marchands sont tous amicaux et sympa.De plus , le service est toujours soigneux et l'ambiance y est bien agréable.第六课

1）塞翁失马，焉知非福。

2）他可不太喜欢刷盘子洗碗。3）这事儿说起来容易做起来难！

4）这些青少年总是找一切机会来显示他们的独立和自由。5）对这帮孩子来说，朋友圈子就是个推脱家务劳动的借口。

6）听说度假营地价格不贵而且环境也不错，我认为值得一试。

7）昨天晚上她来电话说他们那里前些天热极了，很多人都感觉不舒服。

8）王丹的家在农村。她学习刻苦，并考进了这所大学。她的父母为她感到骄傲。

9）中国的草原主要位于中国的北部和西北部地区。所以，中国的游牧部落几千年来生活在那里是很自然的事情。

10学校里典型的一天就是六点钟起床，七点早饭，八点上课。十二点午饭，下午两点再上课。四点以后进行体育活动。晚饭是在六点，然后是晚自习。十点回宿舍，十一点上床睡觉。11一般来说大家都能按时起床，但有些人七点才起来，更有甚者八点差五分才起床。

12这对全班同样是个机会：大家可以利用暑假多些相互了解的时间。这样，大家可以忘掉生活和学习的烦恼，且更加关心他人，思想也会更加自由。

Leçon 6 1.A quelque chose , malheur est bon.2.Il n'aime pas bien faire les vaiselles.3.Cette affaire est facile à dire mais difficile à faire.4.Ces adolescents cherchent toujours des occasions pour marquer leur indépendance et autonomie.5.Pour les enfants , le réseau de copins est une échappatoire aux tâches ménagères.6.Il entend dire que le terrain de vacances ne côute pas cher , et en plus , l'ambiance y est pas mal.Je pence que on peut essayer.7.Hier soir , elle m'a dit au téléphone qu'il faisait trop chaud les jours dernier chez elle , et que beaucoup de gens ne sentaient pas bien.8.Wang Dan habite à la campagne.Elle travaillait assiduement et elle a déjà été enregistré par cette université.Ses parents sont tous fiers d'elle.9.Les steppes de la Chine se situent principalement au Nord et au Nord-Ouest.Donc , il est naturel que les tribus nomades de la Chine y vivent depuis milliers d'années.10.La journée typique au campus est comme ça : se lever à 6h , prendre le petit-déjeuner à midi , recommencer le cours à 2h après-midi;faire du sport après 16h;prendre le dîner à 18h , et puis faire des études personnelles;renter au dortoir à 21h et enfin , se coucher à 23h.11.En règle générale , on peut se lever à l'heure , mais certains se lèvent jusqu'à 7h et voire à 7h55.12.C'est aussi une occasion pour toute la Classe : on peut profiter du temps des vacances d'été pour bien se connaître.Ainsi , on peut oublier les ennuies de la vie et des études , être plus attentionné et avoir l'esprit plus libre.第七课

3保罗当然是我最好的朋友。

C'est bien sûr que Paul est mon meilleur ami.

第二篇：马晓宏法语修订版第二册课后习题句子的翻译 第八课和第十二课

第八课

1）作为“大餐”的代表，法式烹饪在全世界闻名遐迩。

2）厨师长告诉她中餐是世界上最好的烹饪之一，她可以去中国看看。3）父母问我昨天下课后和谁去了城里，并做了什么。

4）老李是这家餐馆的常客，我们让他帮我们点几道这家餐馆的拿手菜。

5）他既不懂语法也不认识单词，听写里出了那么多的错误，以至于我都不知道该怎么跟他讲这一课的语法和句型。

6）老师告诉我“你应该在这一段中再加上几个词”，我认为老师说得有道理。7）我听说法国人尤其喜欢吃蜗牛和贻贝，你知道他们是怎么做这两道菜肴的吗？

8）习惯上，大部分中国人还是更喜爱自己的传统饮食。总的来说，上了年纪的人倾向于吃家乡菜，可年轻人则更偏爱麦当劳这样的快餐食品。

9）只要在中国到处走一走，你很快就会发现各地饮食的不同：东部和南部的菜品较甜，北方的菜肴较咸，而中部和西南部的许多菜则麻辣味较重。

10许多外国人认为味精对健康无益，因而吃中餐时他们大都会要求厨师不要放味精。12这道菜实际上是从农家菜演化而来，客人们能从中感受到一种亲切的乡土气息。

Leçon 8 1.Représentant de la grande cuisine , la cuisine française est bien connue dans le monde entier.2.Le chef cuisinier lui a dit que la cuisine chinoise est une des meilleures cuisines du monde , et qu'elle pouvait en Chine pour la gôuter.3.Mes parents m'ont demandé avez qui j'étais allé en ville et ce que nous y avions fait la veille après la classe.4.LaoLi est le client qui fréquente ce restaurant , et nous lui avons fait commender quelques plats spécials de ce restaurant.5.Non seulement il ne connaît pas la grammaire , mais aussi les mots.Et il a fait tant de fautes dans la dictée , si bien que je ne sais pas comment lui expliquer les grammaires et les types de phrace de cette leçon.6.Le professeur m'a dit :《Il te faut ajouter quelques mots dans ce paragraphe 》.Je suis pour lui.7.J'ai bien entendu dire que les Français aiment manger surtout les escargots et les moules , et tu sais comment ils font ces deux plats ?

8.Comme d'habitude , la plupart des Chinois préfèrent les plats traditionnels.D'une manière générale , les personnes âgées tendent à consommer les plats locaux , tendis que les plus jeunes chérissent le fast-food comme la McDonald's.9.Si vous vogagez à travers la Chine , vous pouvez remarquer rapidement les différences de la cuisine parmi les différentes régions : les plats de l'Est et du Sud sont un peu plus sucrés;ceux du Nord sont plus salés;mais ceux du Centre et du Sud-Ouest sont plus piquants.10.De nombreux étrangers pensent que le glutamate est mauvais pour la santé , donc ils demandent aux chefs de ne pas l'ajouter en prenant les repas chinois.11.La plupart des monuments historiques et des paysages célèbres en Chine ont été clasé dans le patrimoine de culture mondial de l'UNESCO.12.Ce plat est en effet issu d'un plat campagnard , donc les clients peuvent savourer l'odeur pastorale de ce plat.第十二课

1）他去法国那年儿子还小，刚刚五岁。等到他再回国时，他儿子巳经是个小伙子了。2）今天晚上有一场法国队和英国队的橄榄球比赛，可问题是我有事儿去不了。3）他每天都坐在电视机前观看体育时事。

4）我们班不仅只有一个人喜欢乒乓球；但却没一个人喜欢橄榄球，特别是女生觉得这项体育运动太过暴力。其实，每项体育运动都有它吸引人的地方。

10要想工作好并且身体好，就得经常锻炼身体，从事体育活动就是最好的方法。别忘了这个幸福的公式：体育+努力=好身体

Leçon 12 1.Son fils avait seulement 5 ans en année où il était allé en France.Mais , quand il a regagné son pays , son fils a déjà atteint sa majorité.2.Ce soir ,il y aura un match de rugby entre l'équipe de France et celle d'Engleterre.Mais le problème est que je ne serai pas libre pour le voir.3.Chaque jour , il apprend les actualités sportives devant l'écran du téléviseur.4.Dans notre classe , il y a beaucoup d'étudiants qui aiment le tennis de table mais personne n'aime le rugby , notamment les filles qui trouvent que cette épreuve sportive est trop violente.De fait , chaque épreuve de sport a son propre charme.5.Pour une bonne santé et bien travailler , il faut prendre de l'exercice régulièrement.Faire du sport est le meilleur moyen.Et n'oubliez pas ce formule du bonheure : sport + effort = bonne santé.

第三篇：大学英语精读第三版第二册课后习题答案_大课后翻译

Unit1 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间那场争执就此结束。2 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外。3.约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了

4.当全部乘客都向出口处(exit)走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。5.这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。

6.南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。7.你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？

8.猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay)的陷阱(trap)方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。

1.Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.2.The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.3.Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.4.While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.5.The letter is to be handed to Dr.Wilson himself.6.While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.7.What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home? 8.The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid.Unit2 1)会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。

2)这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。3)他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。

4)委员会成员在新机场最佳选址(location)这一问题上持有不同意见。5)亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。

6)我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。

7)吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。

8)如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有自行车的城市呢，还是要一个没有汽车的城市，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。

Unit2 1)It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution.2)By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.3)It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.4)The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.5)Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's.6)The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment.7)Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because as a soldier he had to obey the order.8)Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.Unit3 1、她在当地一家银行找到一份出纳员的工作，但不久因不称职而被解雇了。

2、很明显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店。

3、这项建议在会上一宣布，她就站起来提出异议。

4、比尔已向哈佛大学申请助教职位，但他得到它的可能性很小。

5、由于缺乏资金，他们正在想办法吸引外资。

6、这个房间有股霉味，一定是好久没人住了。

7、就业余爱好而言，珍妮和她妹妹几乎没有什么共同之处。

7、不言而喻，青年人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的。

Unit3 1.She got a post as a cashier at a local bank.But she was soon fired because she proved to be incompetent.2.It is obviously/clearly his young assistant who is running the book store.3.No sooner had the proposal been announced at the meeting than she got to her feet to protest.4.Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of getting it are slim.5.Being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.6.The room smells of stale air.It must have been vacant for a long time.7.As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.8.It is self-evident that the education of the young is vital to the future of a country.Unit4 1)那小女孩跑得太快，身体一下失去平衡，跌倒了。

2)他致力于研究工作的精神(devotion to research)给我留下了很深印象，但我对他那些深奥的理论丝毫不感兴趣。

3)千万别说可能会被人误解的话。

4)我被他们互相矛盾的意见搞糊涂了，不知如何去做才是。

5)起初，这个复杂问题使他们感到灰心丧气，但经过仔细思考后他们终于研究出了解决办法。6)体育代表团团长在少先队员向他献上一束鲜花时愉快地笑了。

7)这学期我们都学习得不错，我真不明白为什么我们的英语老师单单表扬了班长一个人。

8)我相信比较高级的|(higher)|动物是由比较低级的|（lower）|动物进化而来|（develop from）|的这一学说。

Unit4

1)The little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and fell over / down.2)I was impressed by his devotion to research but I did not have the slightest interest in his profoundtheories.3)Be sure not to say anything capable of being misunderstood.4)I was so bewildered by their conflicting advice that I did not know how to act/what to do.5)At first this complicated problem frustrated them, but after thinking it over carefully they finally worked out a solution.6)The head of the sports delegation beamed with delight when a young pioneer presented him with a bunch of flowers.7)I really don't see why our English teacher should single out our monitor for praise since we have all done quite well this term.8)I believe in the theory that the higher animals developed from the lower ones.Unit5 1)如果富有的国家多花些钱搞绿色工业，而不是去建立军事机器和制造核武器，当今许多广泛存在的污染问题将会逐渐消失。

2)烧煤的时候，不仅消耗房子里面的氧气，而且还散发出有毒的气体。3)显然，找到替代能源对我们经济的稳定发展是至关重要的 4)太阳能电池（solar cell）能吸收阳光并把它变成电

5)如果地球上的温度继续年复一年地上升，极地的冰帽将会开始融化，沿海城市中一半的建筑物很可能会消失在劈啪飞溅的海浪下面。

6)因为这些生物很小并且常常躲在叶子茂密的植物下面，肉眼并不都可以看见。7)由于受到原子辐射，他最终在工作时倒下了。

8)有明显的证据表明工作上的重压与身体的某些毛病有联系。

Unit5

1)If the rich countries spent more money on green industries, instead of on building up military machines and nuclear weapons, many of today's widespread pollution problems would gradually disappear.2)The burning of coal not only consumes the oxygen in the house but also gives out poisonous gases.3)Apparently, finding alternative energy sources is essential to the steady development of our economy.4)Solar cells can absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity.5)If the temperature on the Earth continues to go up from year to year, the polar ice caps will begin to melt and, in all likelihood, half of the buildings in coastal cities will disappear beneath splashing sea waves.6)Because these creatures are small and tend to hide beneath leafy plants, they are not always visible to the naked eye.7)As a result of exposure to atomic radiation, he finally collapsed at work.8)There is distinct evidence of the connection between heavy pressure of work and some disorders of the body.

第四篇：新概念英语第二册第十二课后习题答案

新概念英语第二册第十二课后习题答案 Lesson 12 1.c 根据课文第3-4行Topsail is a famous little boat.It has sailed across theAtlantic many times, 只有c能够说明为什么Topsail is famous ,而其他3个选择都不符合逻辑。

2.c 根据课文最后一句He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic,只有c.will be in the race across the Atlantic同这句意思相同，而其他3个选择课文中都没有提到。

3.a 本句是个关系从句，需要一个相应的关系代词引导。b.whose his 不合乎语法，这两个词不能用在一起；c.his 不是关系代词；d.of whom 不合乎题目意思；只有a.whose 是关系代词，符合题目意思，所以应该选a.4.d 本句中的Portsmouth是一个地名（港口），在某个地方一般要用介词in或at, at 是指在小的地点或空间，因此只能选d, at.其他3个选择都不能表示在某个地点。

5.d

只有d.the name of which 符合语法，其他3个选择都不对。6.a 要选出与前面句子中的plenty of(足够的)意思相同的词。b.almost enough(几乎是足够的)意思不够准确c.less than enough(不充足的)意思相反，d.hardly enough(几乎不够)意思相反，只有a.enough(足够)是plenty of 的同义词。7.d a.say him goodbye 不符合语法；b.tell him goodbye 和c.tell goodbye to him都不符合习惯用法，意思上也讲不通；只有d.say goodbye to him 最符合语法。

8.a只有a.near才最符合题目意思。b.a long way from,和 c.in a different town from都与题目意思相反。d.next door(隔壁)后面缺少介词to,不合乎语法

9.c 只有c.often(经常)最接近前面句子中的many times 的含义，而其他3个选择a.sometimes(有时)，b.always(总是)，d.usually(通常)在意思上不够接近many times.10.d 前面句子中的词组set out是“出发,启程”的意思。只有d.the journey begins(旅程开始)最接近setout的含义，其他3个选择a.the trip ends, b.the journey ends, c.voyagestops都有“旅程结束”的意思，正好和题目意思相反。

11.a 只有选a.be 才最符合前面句子He will take part in a race 的含义，而其他3个选择意思都不够准确。

12.a 只有a.an ocean(大洋)与事实相符，而b.a sea(海)，c.a river(河)，d.lake(湖)都不是事实。

第五篇：新视野第三版第二册课后翻译答案

新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册课后翻译答案及原文 Unit 1 原文：English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language.Like other languages, English has changed greatly.The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language.During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world.The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English.Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.翻译：人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段：古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大变化。今天，由于美国电影、电视、音乐、贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的影响力尤其显著。

原文：中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。中国书法艺术的形成、发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中，一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有“字如其人”的说法。中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。

翻译：Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world.The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters.In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form.Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers' personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that “seeing the calligrapher's handwriting is like seeing the person”.As one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world's treasure house of culture and art.Unit 2 原文：A MOOC(massive open online course)is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web.MOOCs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education.These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from thousands of tuition-paying students who live in town, to millions of students around the world.In addition to traditional course materials, MOOCs provide interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors.MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course;inspire people to “try on” subjects that they wouldn't otherwise pursue or even try on education itself;provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal(多模式的)learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles;and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses.翻译：慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。慕课是远程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，大学可以扩大影响的范围，从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，扩展到惠及全球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，支持学生和讲师之间的交流。慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、知识和技能涌现到课堂上来；它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，甚至是尝试新的教育方式；它提供多种学习课程资料的方式，鼓励多模式学习，以各种学习风格满足学习者的需求；另外，慕课促进教学的改善，使技术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。

原文：近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的数 字化学习的平台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。翻译：In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements.Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education.Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages.On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible;on the other hand, it expands the learner's study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere.These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.Unit 3 原文：As an important part of the American culture value system, “individualism” is admired by most American people.Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members.In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically.What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual.With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices.Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant.Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.翻译：作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，“个人主义”受到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。与许多其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由，因为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。在美国人强调个人自由的同时，父母与孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。

原文：孝道（filial piety）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（code of ethics）。中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（institutional etiquette）。一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是古老的“东方文明”之根本。

翻译：Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society.Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony, and the nation's well-being.With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years.It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue.The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range.It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes.Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth.Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient “Oriental civilization”.Unit 4 原文：Valentine's Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries.It is a holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers.There are different origins regarding the festival.One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods.On February 14, Valentine was put to death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailer's daughter of blindness.The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed “From your Valentine”.Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones.Today, people celebrate Valentine's Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners.The holiday has now become popular all over the world.In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.翻译：美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝2月14日的情人节。这是一个充满爱情和浪漫的节日，恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。关于这个节日的起源有着不同的说法。一个传说是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，因为他拒绝相信罗马神。2月14日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒，而且因为他曾治愈了一位监狱看守双目失明的女儿。他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了一封署名“你的瓦伦丁”的告别信。后来，2月14日就成了一个人们可以为他们的情人展示感情的节日。现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节，他们发送贺卡、鲜花，赠送巧克力或其他礼品，或共进浪漫的晚餐。现在这个节日已流行世界各地。在中国，这个节日也正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。

原文：农历七月初七是中国的七夕节(Qixi Festival)，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。因此，七夕节被认为是中国的“情人节”(Valentine's Day)。七夕节来自牛郎与织女（Cowherd and Weaving Maid）的传说。相传，每年的这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。所以，在七夕的夜晚，人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河（the Milky Way）相会。姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧，以获得美满姻缘。但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消失，唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。

翻译：July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional Chinese holidays.Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers.As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese “Valentine's Day”.The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid.The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd.So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi.On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage.But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing.All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk.Unit 5 原文：The Age of Discovery, also called the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of European global exploration that started in the early 15th century and continued until the 18th century.It is usually regarded as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, in the context of emerging western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies.Among many great explorers during this period, the most outstanding one was Christopher Columbus since he discovered the New World.European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, with the contact between the Old and New Worlds producing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth.This represented one of the most significant global events concerning ecology, agriculture, and culture in history.European exploration allowed the global mapping of the world, resulting in a new world-view and distant civilizations acknowledging each other.翻译：大发现年代，也被称为大勘探年代，是欧洲进行全球勘查的一个历史时期，始于15世纪初并一直持续到18世纪。这一时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间的桥梁，当时西方帝国主义刚兴起，欧洲各王国之间正在经济上互相竞争，他们想通过建立贸易路线和殖民地来寻找财富。在这一时期众多伟大的探险家中，最杰出的是克里斯托弗•哥伦布，因为他发现了新大陆。欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆的接触也促成了两边的互相交换：大量的植物、动物、食物、文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范围内最重大的活动之一。欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图成为可能，从而使人们看到一个新的世界与古老的文明正遥相呼应。

原文：丝绸之路（Silk Road）是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆（Eurasia）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为主，故称“丝绸之路”。作为国际贸易的通道和文化交流的桥梁，丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展，对世界文明进程有着深远影响。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了“一带一路”（One Belt, One Road）（即“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”）的战略构想。“一带一路”以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。

翻译：The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia.This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name “the Silk Road”.As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization.Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of “One Belt, One Road”(namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road).The strategy of “One Belt, One Road” focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries.Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.Unit 6 原文：Minimalism(极简主义)is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need.Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live with as less as possible, mentally and physically until you achieve peace of mind.Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness.Minimalists like to say that they're living more meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalist lifestyle allows them to focus on what's more important in life: friends, hobbies, travel, experiences.Of course, minimalism doesn't mean there's anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions.Today's problem seems to be that we tend to give too much meaning to our things, often forsaking(抛弃)our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves.In addition to its application in people's daily life, minimalism also finds application in many creative disciplines, including art, architecture, design, dance, film making, theater, music, fashion, photography and literature.翻译：极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保留需要的部分。用最简单的话来说，极简的生活方式，就是生活得越简单越好，直到获得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是身体上的。这样的生活方式会减轻压力，带来更多自由时间，并增强幸福感。极简主义者会说，他们生活得更有意义了，更从容了，极简的生活方式让他们着眼于生活中更重要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅游和体验。当然，极简主义并不意味着拥有物质财富从本质上来讲有什么不对。现在的问题似乎在于，我们往往太重视所拥有的东西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热情、个人成长，以及帮助他人的愿望。极简主义除了在我们的日常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于很多创意领域，包括艺术、建筑、设计、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时尚、摄影和文学等。

原文：国民幸福指数（National Happiness Index，NHI）是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展、居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。随着中国经济的高速增长，中国政府越来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。政府注重改善民生，努力改善人民群众的经济状况，满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。当前，中国政府提倡释放改革红利，让人民群众得到更多实惠。所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。

翻译：National Happiness Index(NHI)is an index that measures how happy people are.It is also a tool that measures the levels of economic development and people's livelihood and happiness in a country or region.With the fast growth of Chinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and more attention to people's living quality and the increase of happiness index.The government stresses improvement of its people's livelihood, striving to improve their economic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs.Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reform dividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its people.All these measures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.Unit 7 原文：The color and style of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and culture of the wedding participants.For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white wedding dress, while in China the traditional wedding dress is in red.Though white has become the most preferred color for wedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the Victorian era.White became a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her wedding.The official wedding photograph was widely published, and many brides chose white to become the followers of the Queen.Many people believed that the color white symbolized virginity, though this was not the original intention.As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typically short in the front with a longer train in the back.This tendency continued until the late 1960s, when it became popular to revert to long, full-skirted designs.翻译：婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的宗教和文化。例如，在西方文化中新娘通常会选择白色的婚纱，而在中国，传统的结婚礼服是红色的。虽然白色已成为当今婚纱礼服在世界各地最受青睐的颜色，可是这在维多利亚 时期之前并不是一个普遍的潮流。白色在1840年成为了一个受欢迎的选择，那年维多利亚女王在她的婚礼上穿了一件白色的礼服。官方的婚礼照片被广泛刊登后，很多新娘都仿效女王选择白色。很多人相信白色象征着童贞，尽管这不是她们选择白色的初衷。就款式而言，婚纱礼服曾一度是前面短短的、后面是长长的裙摆。这种趋势一直持续到20世纪60年代后期，那个时期全长裙边的设计恢复了流行。

原文：中国是丝绸的故乡，因而有很多与丝绸相关的艺术，刺绣（embroidery）就是其中的一种。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，至少有两、三千年的历史。从事刺绣的多为女子，因此刺绣又被称为“女红”（women's needlework）。刺绣在中国受到了人们广泛的喜爱。刺绣可用来装饰衣物，如在衣服、被子、枕套（pillowcase）等物品上绣上美丽的图案，也可制作成特别的饰品（ornament）。中国有四大名绣: 苏州的苏绣、广东的粤绣、湖南的湘绣以及四川的蜀绣。各种绣法不仅风格有差异，主题也各有不同。在这其中，苏州的苏绣最负盛名。

翻译：China is home to silk, thereby having a variety of arts related to silk, one of which is embroidery.Embroidery, with at least two or three thousand years of history, is one of the Chinese traditional folk arts and crafts.Since most embroiderers are women, it's also called “women's needlework”.Embroidery has been much-loved by the Chinese people.It can be used to beautify clothing and things.For example, clothes, quilts, pillowcases etc.can be embroidered with beautiful designs, or a piece of embroidery can be made for a special ornament.There are four most famous types of embroidery in China: Suxiu from Suzhou, Yuexiu from Guangdong, Xiangxiu from Hunan, and Shuxiu from Sichuan, each having its own style and theme.Among the four, Suzhou embroidery has enjoyed the highest reputation.Unit 8 原文：The World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF)is an international non-governmental organization working on issues regarding the conservation, research and restoration of the environment.The organization was originally named the World Wildlife Fund in 1961.In 1986, it changed its name to World Wide Fund for Nature to better reflect the scope of its activities.With over five million supporters worldwide, it is the world's largest independent conservation organization, working in more than 100 countries and supporting about 1,300 conservation and environmental projects.Its mission is to stop destroying the planet's natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature.Currently, much of its work focuses on the conservation of oceans and coasts, forests, and freshwater.Among other issues, it is also concerned with endangered species, pollution and climate change.They now need, above all, money to carry out its missions and handle conservation emergencies.翻译：世界自然基金会（WWF）是一个致力于有关保护、研究和修复环境议题的国际性非政府组织。该组织最初于1961年被命名为世界野生动物基金会。1986年，它更名为世界自然基金会，以更好地反映其活动范围。它是世界上最大的、独立的自然保护组织，拥有世界各地超过500万的支持者，在100多个国家开展工作，并援助约1,300个与自然和环境保护有关的项目。它的任务是阻止破坏地球的生态环境，建立一个能使人类与自然和谐相处的未来。目前，其大部分工作都集中在对海洋和海岸、森林、淡水的保护。在其他问题上，它也关注濒危物种，污染和气候变化。现在他们最需要的是资金，以履行其使命和处理与自然保护有关的突发事件。

原文：新中国成立以来，特别是改革开放以来，中国政府在生态环境(eco-environmental)保护方面做出了大量努力，取得了有效进展。政府采取了一系列保护和改善生态环境的重大举措，譬如积极推进重点生态工程，加强生态系统建设(ecosystem)及生物多样性保护(biodiversity conservation)，建立了一批自然保护区(nature reservation)、生态示范区(ecological demonstration zones)、风景名胜区和森林公园。加强生态环境的保护和建设，实现人与自然和谐相处，是构建社会主义和谐社会（harmonious society）的重要目标之一。环境保护和生态文明建设为中国经济、社会的可持续发展提供了坚实的基础。

翻译：Since the founding of New China, especially since the economic reform and door-opening to the world, the Chinese government has made considerable efforts in eco-environmental protection and achieved effective progress.The government has taken a series of important measures to protect and improve the ecological environment, such as actively promoting key ecological projects, enhancing ecosystem construction and biodiversity conservation, establishing a number of nature reservations, ecological demonstration zones, scenic spots and forest parks.One of the important goals of building a socialist harmonious society is to strengthen ecological protection and construction and to achieve harmony between man and nature.Environmental protection and ecological civilization construction have provided a solid foundation for the sustainable development of China's economy and society.