第一篇：申报联合国教科文组织ESD项目程序
申报联合国教科文组织ESD项目
一、中国可持续发展教育项目(ESD项目)2005年12月，在全球起步推进《联合国可持续发展教育十年（2005-2014）国际实施计划》（以下简称《十年计划》）的新形势下，中国联合国教科文组织全国委员会决定将中国EPD教育项目正式更名为中国可持续发展教育项目Project on Education f Sustainable Development in China 简称中国ESD项目。中国可持续发展教育（ESD）是对（EPD）教育项目的继承和发展。
二、中国ESD项目学校申报：
包括ESD项目成员学校、ESD项目实验学校、ESD项目示范学校三个层级。
（一）ESD项目成员学校
（1）申请条件：
凡正式注册，具有法人资格的中国各省、市、自治区（含香港、澳门及台湾地区)各类小学、中学、职业学校、高等院校、成人学校，承认本指南，能够参加本项目活动，愿意以本项目为载体推进新型学校育人模式建设，均可申请成为ESD项目成员学校。（我们符合条件，可以申报）
（2）步骤：申请成为ESD项目成员学校的单位，可向本校所在省市ESD教育工作委员会向委员会递交学校简介及证明材料，经初审后，再提出书面报告及申请表，经当地工作委员会审批通过即可成为ESD教育项目成员学校。（河南省、郑州市没有ESD项目教育工作委员会，我们可以直接向委员会上报）
（3）考察期2年。
（4）申请必备：项目专家、项目成员、学校简介、已有研究基础及设想。（详见表格）
（二）ESD项目实验学校
已成为ESD项目成员学校的单位，可经过申请与评审获得ESD教育项目实验学校资格。实验学校评审费2000元。
（三）ESD项目示范学校
已成为中国ESD项目实验学校的单位，可经过申请与评审获得中国ESD项目示范学校资格。经电话咨询：项目组委会要求我们提供学校详细情况，才给予详细的申报程序答复。
三、项目研究内容：
（1）可持续发展教育基本理论研究（可持续发展教育内涵与特征、可持续发展价值观内涵、教育与可持续发展关系等）；
（2）可持续发展教育功能研究（学校教育在促进地区经济、社会、环境可持续发展中的地位与作用；可持续发展教育推动地区教育现代化；提高青少年可持续发展意识与能力等）；
（3）可持续发展教育专题研究（促进青少年维权意识与能力提高、和平发展与人类安全教育、性别教育、健康生活方式教育、预防艾滋病教育、禁烟禁毒教育、节约型学校建设等）；
（4）可持续发展教育推进策略、途径与方法研究（可持续发展教育实施策略、可持续发展教育的监测与评估、整合学校、家庭、社会资源实施可持续发展教育等）；
（5）可持续发展教育能力建设研究（实施可持续发展教育的知识与技能、可持续发展教育的教育者培训方法创新、可持续发展教育与提升教师专业化发展水平等）。
第二篇：联合国教科文组织总干事2011
联合国教科文组织总干事2011“国际母语日”致辞
All languages are linked through their origins and borrowing, but each is a unique source of meaning for understanding, writing and expressing reality.从起源到后来的相互借鉴，所有语言都是相互联系的，但对于我们理解、记述与表现现实生活而言，每一种语言又都具有其独特性。
Mother languages are special in providing the material with which the world is first voiced, the lens through which it is first understood.International Mother Language Day is a moment to recognize their importance and to mobilise for multilingualism and linguistic diversity.母语的特殊意义在于为我们提供了一种最初用话语表达的工具和认识这个世界的镜子。国际母语日，我们要认识到母语的重要性并努力促进多语言使用和语言多样性。
Mother languages, along with linguistic diversity, matter for the identity of individuals.As sources of creativity and vehicles for cultural expression, they are also important for the health of societies.Not least, languages are factors for development and growth.We know how important education in the mother language is for learning outcomes.Mother language instruction is a powerful way to fight discrimination and reach out to marginalised populations.As wellsprings of knowledge, languages are also starting points for greater sustainability in development, for managing more harmoniously our relationship with the environment and change.母语以及语言多样性与个人的身份认同息息相关。作为创造性的源泉和文化表达的载体，它们对于社会的健康也至关重要。语言还是促进发展和增长的要素。我们深知母语教育对学习成绩的重要性。母语教学是消除歧视和帮助边缘化人群的有效工具。作为知识的源泉，语言也是提高发展的可持续性以及更和谐地调整我们与环境之间的关系和管理变革的出发点。
Multilingualism opens fabulous opportunities for the dialogue that is necessary to understanding and cooperation.Mother languages live harmoniously with the acquisition of other languages.A plural linguistic space allows the wealth of diversity to put in common.It accelerates the exchange of knowledge and experience.This was one of the core themes of the 2010, International Year for the Rapprochement of Cultures.Building on the mother language, the learning of multiple languages must be a pillar of 21st century education.多语言使用为理解与合作所必需的对话创造了绝佳的机会。母语与掌握其他语言并行不悖。语言多元化的环境让人们共享多样化的财富，促进知识与经验的交流。这是 2010 国际文化和睦年的核心主题。在母语的基础上进一步学习多种语言必须成为 21 世纪教育的一个支柱。
At the same time, we can do more to support the balanced development of translation, as a channel to open to all the great diversity of knowledge and experience throughout the world.与此同时，我们要更加支持翻译事业的均衡发展，它是通向全世界丰富多彩的知识与经验宝库的一条途径。The theme of the 2011 International Mother Language Day concerns the use of information and communication technologies for safeguarding and promoting languages and linguistic diversity.2011年国际母语日的主题是利用信息与传播技术保护和促进语言与语言多样性。
Languages provide the software for information and communication technologies.These technologies are also a new frontier for promoting linguistic diversity.UNESCO is committed to promoting multilingualism on the Internet.These goals guide UNESCO in its work with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.语言是信息与传播技术的软件。这些技术也为促进语言多样性拓展了新的疆域。联合国教科文组织致力于推动互联网上多种语言的使用。教科文组织与互联网名称与数字地址分配机构的合作也是基于这种目的。
Innovative technologies provide new ways also to follow, examine and learn languages.The success of the online edition of UNESCO‘s Atlas of the World‘s Languages in Danger shows the power of the Internet to track the state of languages and multilingualism, and to raise awareness with a global audience.创新的技术还为我们观察、研究和学习语言提供了新的手段。教科文组织《世界濒危语言图谱》网络版的巨大成功展现了互联网在监测语言现状和多语言使用状况以及面向全球受众提高人们认识方面的强大力量。
Information and communication technologies can be especially useful in promoting mother languages.We must harness the power of progress to protect diverse visions of the world and to promote all sources of knowledge and forms of expression.These are the threads that weave the tapestry of humanity‘s story.The innovation, flexibility and social interaction that lie at the heart of new information and communication technologies can support these goals.On this International Mother Language Day, let us pledge to work together in this direction.信息与传播技术在倡导母语方面可发挥特别重要的作用。我们必须利用科技进步的力量，保护各种不同的世界观，促进各种来源的知识和表达形式。它们是编织人类历史挂毯的丝线。创新、灵活和社会交流，作为新的信息与传播技术的核心要素，有助于我们实现这些目标。值此国际母语日之际，让我们决心为此而共同努力。
推动共同发展 共建和谐亚洲——在博鳌亚洲论坛2011年年会开幕式上的演讲
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 2011年4月15日，海南博鳌
Towards Common Development and a Harmonious Asia--Speech at Opening Plenary of Boao Forum for Asia
Annual Conference 2011 by H.E.Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
Boao, 15 April 2011 尊敬的各位贵宾，女士们，先生们，朋友们： Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, 首先，我谨代表中国政府和人民，对博鳌亚洲论坛2011年年会的召开，表示热烈的祝贺！对各位来宾的到来，表示诚挚的欢迎！
First of all, I wish to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, warm congratulations on the opening of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2011 and express sincere welcome to all guests present.10年前，在亚洲有关方面和人士共同努力下，博鳌亚洲论坛宣告成立。这是新形势下亚洲团结意识日益提高、合作意愿不断增强的一个重要标志。10年来，博鳌亚洲论坛在凝聚亚洲共识、传播亚洲声音、促进亚洲合作方面发挥了重要作用，已经成为全球具有重要影响的经济论坛之一。博鳌亚洲论坛之所以能够不断成长，得益于亚洲快速发展，也见证和推动了这一历史进程。
The Boao Forum for Asia(BFA)was launched ten years ago with the concerted efforts of organizations and individuals from across Asia.It was an important symbol of the growing solidarity and desire for cooperation in Asia under the new situation.In the ten years since, the BFA has played an important role in building consensus in Asia, making Asia's voice heard and promoting Asian cooperation.It has become one of the highly influential economic forums in the world.The BFA owes its growth to the fast development of Asia;it is, at the same time, a witness and driver of this historical process.10年来，亚洲经济快速发展，区域合作蓬勃推进，国际影响力持续提高。亚洲经济在国际金融危机中率先企稳复苏，成为拉动世界经济恢复和增长的重要引擎。亚洲发展不仅有力改变着亚洲人民命运，而且日益影响着世界发展进程。
In the last ten years, Asia's economy has been in high gear and regional cooperation has seen robust growth.Asia's influence in the world has been rising steadily.Asian economy was the first to recover from the international financial crisis and has become an important engine for world economic recovery and growth.Asia's development is not only changing the destiny of the Asian people, but also exerting a growing impact on the development of the world.回首亚洲走过的不平凡历程，我们有一个共同的感觉，在国际形势复杂多变的条件下，亚洲能够发生这样深刻的变化、取得这样显著的成就，是有着重要原因的。亚洲的发展，得益于总体稳定的国际和地区环境，得益于深入发展的经济全球化和区域合作，得益于亚洲睦邻友好关系的发展，更与亚洲人民既坚持发扬在长期实践中形成的优良传统又注重学习借鉴世界其他地区的有益经验密不可分。
Reviewing the remarkable journey Asia has traveled, we can see that there are strong reasons behind Asia's profound transformation and outstanding achievements amidst a complicated and fluid international situation.Asia's development has benefited from a generally stable international and regional environment, the deepening economic globalization and regional cooperation, the good-neighborly relations in the region and more importantly, the commitment of the Asian people to carry forward the fine tradition developed in their time-honored history while drawing upon the good experience of other regions.——亚洲人民历来具有自强不息的奋斗精神。在漫长历史进程中，亚洲人民创造了丰富多彩、享誉世界的辉煌文明。近代以来，在内外多种因素作用下，亚洲经历了曲折和艰难的发展历程。长期以来，亚洲人民为改变自己的命运，始终以不屈的意志和艰辛的奋斗开辟前进道路。今天人们所看到的亚洲发展成就，是勤劳智慧的亚洲人民不屈不挠、锲而不舍奋斗的结果。
--The people of Asia have an unyielding spirit of seeking self-improvement.In their long history, the people of Asia have created a colorful and brilliant civilization that remains the envy of the world.However, in the modern era, due to internal and external factors, Asia experienced twists and turns in development.To change their destiny, the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an unyielding spirit and with hard work.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.——亚洲人民历来具有开拓进取的创新精神。历史和现实都证明，实现经济社会发展，必须找到符合自身实际的发展道路。亚洲人民深知，世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展模式，也没有一成不变的发展道路。亚洲人民勇于变革创新，不断开拓进取，探索和开辟顺应时代潮流、符合自身实际的发展道路，为经济社会发展打开了广阔前景。
--The people of Asia have an innovative spirit of breaking new ground.It has been proved by both history and reality that economic and social development is not possible without a development path suited to realities on the ground.The people of Asia know full well that there is no ready model or unchanging path of development that applies to all countries in the world.The people never shy away from reform and innovation.They are committed to exploring and finding development paths in keeping with the trend of the times and their own conditions, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.——亚洲人民历来具有开放包容的学习精神。亚洲是充满多样性的大陆，亚洲文明在多元文化影响中融合演进，为亚洲人民相互学习、相互借鉴、相互促进提供了重要文化基础。亚洲人民既弘扬自身优秀文化传统，又广泛吸收世界各国人民创造的优秀文明成果，促进了亚洲和世界共同发展。
--The people of Asia have an open and inclusive spirit of learning from others.On a continent of rich diversity, the Asian civilization has progressed thanks to the interaction of different cultures.This provides an important cultural foundation for mutual learning and advancement of all Asians.By promoting their own fine cultural tradition and at the same time drawing extensively on the fine cultural achievements of other nations, the people of Asia have contributed to the common development of Asia and the world.——亚洲人民历来具有同舟共济的团结精神。亚洲人民是一家。历史上，亚洲人民在掌握民族命运的斗争中曾经并肩战斗、风雨同舟。近年来，从应对亚洲金融危机到应对国际金融危机，从抗击印度洋海啸到抗击中国汶川特大地震灾害，亚洲人民守望相助、患难与共。随着亚洲区域一体化进程加快，亚洲人民命运更加紧密地联系在一起。
--The people of Asia have a solidarity spirit of helping each other in difficult times.Asians belong to one family.In the past, the people of Asia stood shoulder to shoulder in the struggle to gain control of their own destinies.In recent years, they have worked hand in hand to cope with various challenges--from the Asian financial crisis to the international financial crisis, and from the Indian Ocean tsunami to the massive Wenchuan earthquake in China.As regional integration gathers momentum, the people of Asia have seen their destinies woven together closer than ever.3月11日，日本发生特大地震海啸灾害，造成重大人员财产损失。包括中国人民在内的亚洲人民对日本人民遭受的痛苦感同身受，纷纷伸出援手，再次向世人展示了亚洲人民同舟共济的团结精神。我们相信，日本人民一定能够战胜这场灾难、重建美好家园。
On 11 March, Japan was struck by a massive earthquake and tsunami, and suffered enormous casualties and damage.The Chinese people and people across Asia share the pain of the Japanese people and have extended a helping hand to Japan.We have once again demonstrated to the world the Asian people's spirit of showing solidarity in difficult times.We are confident that the Japanese people will overcome this disaster and rebuild their homeland.总之，以上这些优良传统是亚洲精神的重要体现，是亚洲人民共同的宝贵财富，值得倍加珍惜、发扬光大。我坚信，只要坚持发扬这些优良传统，亚洲人民必将在前进道路上创造出新的业绩，为人类和平与发展的崇高事业作出新的更大的贡献。
In sum, the above-mentioned fine traditions are important reflections of the Asian spirit.They are the invaluable assets of the Asian people and should be cherished and carried forward.It is my firm belief that building on these fine traditions, the people of Asia will score new achievements as they march forward and make new, bigger contributions to the noble cause of peace and development of mankind.女士们、先生们！Ladies and Gentlemen, 步入21世纪第二个十年，亚洲发展站在了新的历史起点上。今天的亚洲，经济更加繁荣，社会更加进步，人民信心更加坚定，发展前景更加广阔。同时，我们也要看到，亚洲经济结构性矛盾凸显，发展不平衡性突出，地区热点问题此起彼伏，传统和非传统安全问题大量存在。在世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展的形势下，如何处理好发展和稳定的关系依然是摆在亚洲人民面前的重大课题。本次年会以“包容性发展：共同议程与全新挑战”为主题，具有重要意义。推动共同发展，共建和谐亚洲，这是时代赋予亚洲人民的共同使命。我愿就此提出以下建议。
As the second decade of the 21st century dawns upon us, Asia is at a new starting point in its development.Today, Asia has a more prosperous economy, greater social progress, more confident people and broader prospects for development.But Asia also faces prominent structural problems in its economy, serious imbalances in development, intermittent regional hotspot issues and a multitude of traditional and non-traditional security challenges.As the trend toward multi-polarity and economic globalization deepens, the people of Asia have the major task of maintaining both development and stability.That is why the theme of this year's BFA annual conferenceis so relevant.The people of Asia have a shared mission to promote common development and build a harmonious Asia.To this end, I would like to make the following proposals: 第一，尊重多样文明，促进睦邻友好。我们应该继续相互尊重各自选择的发展道路，相互尊重各自推动经济社会发展、改善人民生活的实践探索，把亚洲的多样性转化为加强交流合作的活力和动力，增进相互理解和信任，不断提高各领域合作水平。
First, we need to respect diversity of civilizations and promote good-neighborly relations.We should continue to respect each other's choice of development path and efforts to promote economic and social development and improve people's lives.We need to translate the diversity of our region into a driving force for more dynamic exchanges and cooperation, increase mutual understanding and trust, and take our cooperation to higher levels.第二，转变发展方式，推动全面发展。我们应该紧跟世界发展新趋势，着力转变经济发展方式，积极调整经济结构，增强科技创新能力，发展绿色经济，促进实体经济和虚拟经济、内需和外需均衡发展，同时兼顾速度和质量、效率和公平，把发展经济和改善民生紧密结合起来，实现经济社会协调发展。
Second, we need to transform the development pattern and promote all-round development.We should transform the economic development pattern in keeping with global trends, restructure our economies, build capacity for scientific and technological innovation, and develop the green economy.We need to work for balanced development of the real economy and the financial sectors and of domestic and external demand.We need to focus on both the speed and quality of development, and ensure both efficiency and equity.We need to integrate our effort to develop the economy with that to improve people's well-being, and achieve coordinated economic and social development.第三，分享发展机遇，共迎各种挑战。我们应该加强宏观经济政策协调，不断扩大共同利益，推动地区所有成员共同发展。大国要扶持小国，富国要支援穷国，各国要相互帮助，共同把握机遇，共同应对挑战，努力让发展成果惠及地区所有成员，让全亚洲人民生活得更加幸福。
Third, we need to share development opportunities and meet challenges together.We should intensify macroeconomic policy coordination, expand shared interests and work for the common development of all members of our region.Large countries should support small ones, rich countries should help poor ones and all should help each other so as to seize opportunities and tackle challenges together.In this way, all members of the region will reap development benefits and all Asians will lead better lives.第四，坚持求同存异，促进共同安全。我们应该摒弃冷战思维和零和观念，大力倡导互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，照顾彼此安全关切，最大限度展现善意、智慧、耐心，坚持通过对话和协商化解矛盾，积极促进地区安全合作，努力维护和平稳定的地区环境。
Fourth, we need to seek common ground while shelving difference and enhance common security.We should reject the Cold War mentality and zero-sum approach, and advocate a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination.We need to accommodate each other's security concerns, demonstrate the utmost goodwill, wisdom and patience in settling differences through dialogue and consultation, and promote regional security cooperation so as to uphold peace and stability in our region.第五，倡导互利共赢，深化区域合作。我们应该秉承协商一致、循序渐进的原则，尊重各方共同意愿，加强区域合作机制建设，推动各类机制充分发挥各自优势、并行不悖发展。我们应该坚持开放的地区主义，尊重地区外国家在亚洲的存在和利益。我们欢迎包括金砖国家在内的各个国家积极参与亚洲合作进程，共同促进亚洲和平、稳定、繁荣。
Fifth, we need to champion mutual benefit and deepen regional cooperation.In strengthening regional cooperation mechanisms, we should follow the principle of consensus and incremental progress, respect the common wish of all parties, and encourage the coexistence of different mechanisms while harnessing their respective strengths.We should adhere to open regionalism and respect the presence and interests of countries outside the region in Asia.We welcome the active participation of all countries, including the BRICS, in the cooperation process in Asia so that together, we will make Asia more peaceful, stable and prosperous.女士们、先生们！Ladies and Gentlemen, 10年来，中国经济持续快速发展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上新的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要贡献。10年来，中国深化同亚洲国家的睦邻友好，广泛参与区域合作，同几乎所有亚洲国家建立起不同形式的伙伴关系，成为多个亚洲国家的最大贸易伙伴和最大出口市场。2010年，中国同亚洲国家贸易额达到9316亿美元。中国－东盟自由贸易区涵盖19亿人口，成为发展中国家自由贸易区的典范。中国同亚洲和世界联系的广度和深度达到前所未有的水平，在国际和地区事务中发挥了重要的建设性作用。事实充分证明，中国发展繁荣离不开亚洲，亚洲发展繁荣也需要中国。
In the past ten years, China's economy has enjoyed rapid and sustained growth.China's economic strength, comprehensive national strength and living standards have all reached a new high.China has undergone historic changes and made important contribution to economic growth in Asia and beyond.In these ten years, China has deepened good-neighborly relations with Asian countries and participated extensively in regional cooperation.China has established various types of partnerships with almost all Asian countries and become the largest trading partner or export market of many Asian nations.In 2010, China's trade volume with Asian countries reached 931.6 billion US dollars.Benefiting 1.9 billion people, the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(FTA)has become a model for FTA arrangements among developing countries.China's ties with Asia and the world have reached an unprecedented level in both breadth and depth, and China has played an important and constructive role in international and regional affairs.What has happened shows that China cannot achieve development and prosperity without Asia and Asia needs China for development and prosperity.中国虽然取得了举世瞩目的发展成就，但仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，经济社会发展面临巨大的人口、资源、环境压力，发展中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出，实现现代化和全体人民共同富裕还有很长的路要走。不久前，中国制定并公布了国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要，提出了今后5年中国经济社会发展的总体任务。我们将适应国内外形势新变化，顺应各族人民过上更好生活新期待，以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，更加注重以人为本，更加注重全面协调可持续发展，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重保障和改善民生，促进经济长期平稳较快发展和社会和谐稳定，为全面建成小康社会打下具有决定性意义的基础。
China has made remarkable achievements in development, but it remains the largest developing country in the world.Population, resources and the environment have put great pressure on our economic and social development, and there is lack of adequate balance, coordination or sustainability in our development.China has a long way to go before it can achieve modernization and common prosperity for all its people.Not long ago, China formulated and announced the outline of its 12th Five-Year Plan for economic and social development, which lists the main tasks for the next five years.We will adapt to the changing situation at home and abroad, and meet the new expectations of our people of all ethnic groups for a better life.We will follow the path of scientific development and focus on speeding up the transformation of the economic development pattern.We will place greater emphasis on putting people first, promoting all-round, balanced and sustainable development, taking a holistic approach, and ensuring and improving people's well-being.By doing so, we hope to promote sustained, steady and fast economic growth as well as social harmony and stability, and lay a foundation crucial to the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.全面落实这一规划，对中国提高对外开放水平、深化同亚洲和世界各国的互利合作也具有十分重要的意义。The full implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan is of great importance to China's endeavor of opening wider to the world and deepening mutually beneficial cooperation with countries in Asia and beyond.未来5年，中国将着力实施扩大内需特别是消费需求的战略，建立长效机制，释放消费潜力，着力促进经济增长向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变。我们将实行更加积极主动的开放战略，不断拓展新的开放领域和空间，扩大和深化同各方利益的汇合点。我们将发挥进口对宏观经济平衡和经济结构调整的重要作用，促进贸易收支基本平衡。这将为亚洲和世界各国扩大对华出口提供重要机遇。
In the next five years, China will make great efforts to implement the strategy of boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and put in place an effective mechanism to unleash consumption potential.We will ensure that consumption, investment and export contribute to economic growth in a coordinated way.We will follow a more proactive opening-up strategy, explore new fields and scope for opening-up, and broaden and deepen our shared interests with other parties.We will bring into play the important role of import in achieving macroeconomic balance and economic restructuring, and promote basic balance of our trade.This will provide important opportunities for countries in Asia and the rest of the world to increase exports to China.未来5年，中国将着力实施“走出去”战略，引导各类所有制企业有序到境外投资，积极开展有利于改善当地基础设施和人民生活的项目合作。我们将更多投资亚洲和新兴市场国家，同时增加对亚洲发展中国家的经济援助。
In the next five years, China will make great efforts to pursue the strategy of “going global”.We will encourage enterprises of different ownership structures to invest overseas in an orderly manner and carry out cooperation on projects that will improve local infrastructure and people's livelihood.We will make more investments in Asia and the emerging markets, and at the same time give more economic assistance to developing countries in Asia.未来5年，中国将着力参与全球经济治理和区域合作，推动国际经济金融体系改革，推动建立均衡、普惠、共赢的多边贸易体制，反对各种形式的保护主义，促进国际经济秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。我们将继续积极参与10＋1、10＋
3、东亚峰会以及中日韩合作，推动中国－东盟自由贸易区稳步发展。我们将加强同周边国家在交通、能源管道、信息通信、电网等领域的基础设施建设合作，提升本地区互联互通水平。中国将继续推进同亚洲国家在旅游、文化、教育、青年等领域的交流合作，加深中国人民同亚洲各国人民相互了解和友谊。
In the next five years, China will make great efforts to participate in global economic governance and regional cooperation.We will push for the reform of the global economic and financial systems and the building of a balanced multilateral trade regime that benefits all.We oppose all forms of protectionism and will work for a more just and reasonable global economic order.We will take an active part in 10+1, 10+3, the East Asia Summit and cooperation between China, Japan and the ROK, and promote the steady development of the China-ASEAN FTA.We will step up cooperation with neighboring countries in infrastructural development, including transport, energy pipelines, information and communication technologies and power grids, so as to achieve better connectivity in the region.We will advance exchanges and cooperation with other Asian countries in tourism, culture and education and between the young people to deepen our mutual understanding and friendship.未来5年，中国将着力建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，深入贯彻节约资源和保护环境基本国策，节约能源，降低温室气体排放强度，发展循环经济，推广低碳技术，积极应对气候变化，促进经济社会发展与人口资源环境相协调，走可持续发展之路。
In the next five years, China will make great efforts to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society.We will further implement the basic state policy of resource conservation and environment protection, raise energy efficiency, cut the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions, develop a circular economy, promote wider application of low-carbon technologies, and actively respond to climate change.By doing so,we hope to balance economic and social development with population, resources and the environment, and embark on a path of sustainable development.女士们、先生们！Ladies and Gentlemen,近代饱经沧桑的中国人民，深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。中国将坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚定不移奉行互利共赢的开放战略，始终把亚洲放在对外政策的首要位置，坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交方针，积极发展同亚洲各国的睦邻友好和互利合作，不断增进相互理解和信任。中国将继续致力于通过友好谈判和平解决同邻国的领土和海洋权益争端，在地区热点问题上发挥建设性作用，积极参与各种形式的地区安全对话和合作，努力 维护有利于亚洲和平与发展的地区环境。中国永远做亚洲各国的好邻居、好朋友、好伙伴。
The Chinese people, who emerged from great vicissitudes in modern times,are keenly aware of the value of peace and the importance of development.China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and the win-win strategy of opening-up.We will always place Asia on top of our diplomatic agenda, stick to the policy of building good-neighborly relationships and partnerships with our neighbors, and take vigorous steps to advance our good-neighborliness and mutually beneficial cooperation with Asian countries and deepen mutual understanding and trust with them.We will remain committed to seeking peaceful solutions to disputes with neighbors over territory and maritime rights and interests through friendly negotiation.We will play a constructive role in resolving regional hotspot issues and take an active part in various forms of regional security dialogue and cooperation in order to preserve a regional environment conducive to peace and development in Asia.China will always be a good neighbor, good friend and good partner of other Asian countries.总之，我们对亚洲的未来充满信心。让我们携起手来，共同开创亚洲更加美好的明天。
To conclude, we have full confidence in an even brighter future of Asia.Let's work together to make it a reality.预祝年会取得圆满成功！
I wish the BFA annual conference a great success.展望未来 共享繁荣——在金砖国家领导人第三次会晤时的讲话
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 2011年4月14日，海南三亚
Broad Vision, Shared Prosperity--Remarks At the BRICS Leaders Meeting by H.E.Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
Sanya, 14 April 2011 各位同事，女士们，先生们： Dear Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen, 很高兴同大家再次相聚，共商金砖国家合作和发展大计。首先，我谨代表中国政府和人民，并以我个人的名义，对各国领导人和代表来华与会，表示热烈的欢迎！
It gives me great pleasure to meet you once again and discuss with you the plans for BRICS cooperation and development.Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese government and people and in my own name, warm welcome to all the leaders and delegates present at the meeting.21世纪刚刚进入第二个十年。过去10年里，世界经历了大发展大变革大调整，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲。世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，全球经济治理出现新变革，科技创新孕育新突破，新兴市场国家合作蓬勃发展，世界各国面临难得的发展机遇。
The second decade of the 21st century has just begun.In the past decade, our world went through major development, major changes and major adjustments.The trend of peace, development and cooperation gained stronger momentum.The world moved further towards multi-polarity and economic globalization.New changes took place in the global economic governance and new breakthroughs were in the making in scientific and technological innovation.Emerging market economies engaged in dynamic cooperation.All these have brought valuable opportunities to the development of all countries.同时，过去10年里，国际和地区热点此起彼伏，影响着世界和平稳定。南北发展不平衡依然突出，气候变化、环境恶化、能源资源安全、严重传染性疾病、重大自然灾害等全球性问题受到普遍关注。当前，国际金融危机深层次影响仍未根本消除，大宗商品价格上涨，全球通胀压力加大，世界经济复苏存在不确定因素，全球金融治理更是任重道远。近来，西亚北非部分国家出现政局动荡甚至战乱，对地区稳定带来影响。这些都说明，实现世界持久和平、共同繁荣仍有很长的路要走。
On the other hand, the last decade also witnessed incessant international and regional hotspots which undermined world peace and stability.Development imbalance between the North and the South remained an acute problem.Global challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, energy and resources security, serious communicable diseases and major natural disasters raised wide concerns.Today, we are still confronted with the underlying impact of the financial crisis.Rising commodity prices and inflationary pressure has added to the uncertainties of the world economic recovery.Global financial governance remains a daunting task.The recent political turbulence and even war in some west Asian and north African countries have affected regional stability.There is indeed a long way to go before lasting peace and common prosperity can be achieved.机遇要紧紧把握，挑战要妥善应对。在进入21世纪第二个十年的历史时刻，我们需要共同思考一个重要问题：如何使人类拥有一个和平安宁、共享繁荣的21世纪？为此，我愿提出以下几点看法。
Opportunities should be seized and challenges properly addressed.At this historic juncture when we usher in the second decade of the 21st century, we all need to reflect on one major topic: How to bring about a peaceful and tranquil 21st century in which humanity can enjoy common prosperity? I wish to share with you my observations in this regard.第一，大力维护世界和平稳定。和平稳定是发展的前提和基础。上个世纪，人类经历了两次世界大战，生灵涂炭，经济社会发展遭受严重挫折。第二次世界大战结束以来，世界经济能够快速增长，主要得益于相对和平稳定的国际环境。世界银行的统计表明，长期受到暴力冲突影响的国家都没有实现联合国千年发展目标。维护世界和平稳定，使人民安居乐业，是各国政府和领导人需要承担的首要责任。
First, we should endeavor to maintain world peace and stability.Peace and stability form the prerequisite and foundation for development.The two world wars in the last century caused mankind untold sufferings and world economic and social development severe setbacks.It is mainly due to the relatively peaceful and stable international environment that the world economy has been able to grow at a fast pace in the post-war era.The World Bank statistics show that none of the countries persistently under violent conflict has achieved the UN Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).To maintain world peace and stability so that the people can live a happy and prosperous life is the primary responsibility for governments and leaders of all countries.我们应该恪守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，充分发挥联合国及其安理会在维护和平、缔造和平、建设和平方面的核心作用。坚持通过对话和协商，以和平方式解决国际争端。
We should abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and bring into full play the central role of the United Nations and its Security Council in peace keeping, peace making and peace building.We should seek peaceful settlement of international disputes through dialogue and consultation.我们应该坚持国家不论大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等一员，以民主、包容、合作、共赢的精神实现共同安全，做到一国内部的事情一国自主办、大家共同的事情大家商量办，坚定不移奉行多边主义和国际合作，推进国际关系民主化。
All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community.We should work for common security in a spirit of democracy, inclusiveness, cooperation and win-win progress.Internal affairs of a country should be handled independently by the country itself and international affairs should be managed collectively through consultation by all.We should be committed to multilateralism and international cooperation, and promote democracy in international relations.我们应该营造支持各国根据本国国情实现和平、稳定、繁荣的国际环境。应该本着求同存异的原则，尊重各国主权和选择发展道路和发展模式的权利，尊重文明多样性，在交流互鉴、取长补短中相得益彰、共同进步。
We should foster an international environment that supports efforts of countries to achieve peace, stability and prosperity in the light of their national circumstances.We should respect the sovereignty of all countries and their right to choose their development paths and models in keeping with the principle of seeking common ground while shelving differences.And we should respect the diversity of civilizations and pursue common progress through mutual learning and drawing on each other's strength.第二，大力推动各国共同发展。国际金融危机引发了各国对世界经济不平衡的思考和讨论。从根本上讲，世界经济最大的不平衡是南北发展不平衡，世界经济领域最根本的矛盾是发展中国家发展不足。没有发展中国家经济发展，就没有世界经济长期稳定发展。我们应该继续致力于促进发展中国家发展，推动世界经济复苏和发展。
Second, we should endeavor to promote common development of all countries.The international financial crisis has aroused much thinking and discussion about world economic imbalances.In the final analysis, the biggest imbalance in the world economy is the development imbalance between the North and the South and the most fundamental problem in the world economy is the inadequate development of developing countries.Without economic development of the developing countries, there can be no sustained and stable growth in the world economy.We need to renew our commitment to the development of developing countries and promote world economic recovery and growth.我们应该建设公平有效的全球发展体系，加强发展机构，增加发展资源，全面落实联合国千年发展目标。应该坚持共同但有区别的责任原则，合作应对气候变化这一全球性挑战。应该本着互利合作、多元发展、协同保障的原则，共同维护能源安全。应该制定长远的国际粮食合作战略，实现全球粮食安全。
We should put in place a fair and effective global development system, enhance development institutions, increase resources for development and work to fully attain the UN MDGs.We should uphold the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” and work together to meet the global climate challenge.We should jointly uphold energy security in line with the principle of mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified development and coordinated energy supply.We should formulate a long-term international food cooperation strategy and ensure food security for all.我们应该建设公平、公正、包容、有序的国际货币金融体系，支持全球经济发展，增加新兴市场国家和发展中国家在国际货币金融体系中的发言权和代表性。
We should establish fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international monetary and financial systems to support global economic development and increase the say and representation of emerging markets and developing countries in these systems.我们应该建设公正合理的国际自由贸易体系，反对各种形式的保护主义，加强多边贸易体制，推动多哈回合谈判早日实现发展回合目标。
We should set up a just and equitable international free trade system, oppose protectionism in all its forms, strengthen the multilateral trading regime and push for early attainment of the goals of a development round at the Doha Round negotiations.第三，大力促进国际交流合作。我们这个星球是世界各国人民的共同家园。当前，各国相互联系、相互依存、利益交融达到前所未有的程度。一国的前途命运日益紧密地同世界的前途命运联系在一起，携手合作、同舟共济符合各国共同利益。
Third, we should endeavor to bolster international exchanges and cooperation.We all live on the same planet.Countries are now interconnected and interdependent with their interests more closely interwoven than at any time in history.The future and destiny of one country is increasingly tied to that of the world.To work with each other through thick and thin serves the common interests of all countries.我们应该充分利用联合国、二十国集团、金砖国家等各层次的多边合作机制，开展务实有效的合作。联合国作为最具普遍性、代表性、权威性的政府间国际组织，在国际事务中应该始终发挥核心作用。二十国集团要继续作为全球经济治理的重要平台。以金砖国家为代表的新兴市场国家合作机制方兴未艾，是全球经济合作的新模式，是多边主义的重要实践，可以继续在促进新兴市场国家合作方面发挥积极作用。
We should make full use of the multilateral cooperation mechanisms at various levels, including the UN, the Group of 20 and the BRICS, to carry out practical and effective cooperation.Being the most universal, representative and authoritative inter-governmental international organization, the United Nations should always play a central role in international affairs.The G20 should continue to serve as the premier platform for global economic governance.Cooperation mechanisms among emerging market economies represented by the BRICS are enjoying robust development.They constitute a new model of global economic cooperation and an important way of pursuing multilateralism.They can continue to play an active role in boosting cooperation among emerging market economies.第四，大力加强金砖国家共同发展的伙伴关系。金砖国家合作开展5年来，内涵不断丰富，层次不断拓展，成果不断涌现，逐步形成了多层次、宽领域的合作架构。实践证明，金砖国家合作不仅有利于我们五国经济社会发展，而且有利于世界和平与发展。我们应该立足当前、着眼长远，坚持团结互信、开放透明、共谋发展的基本原则，通过合作加强互信，永远做好朋友、好伙伴。我们的合作是开放的、透明的，目的是实现互利共赢、共同发展。我们应该继续坚定维护金砖国家共同利益，在国际经济金融和发展领域加强协调，增强新兴市场国家和发展中国家在全球经济治理中的地位和作用。我们应该继续深化务实合作，在经贸、卫生、友城等领域积极挖掘合作潜力，推动各领域合作出成果、见实效，进一步增强金砖国家合作的经济社会基础。
Fourth, we should endeavor to strengthen the BRICS partnership for common development.Over the past five years since its inception, BRICS cooperation has made steady headway.The scope of the cooperation has been broadening and the levels increasing.A multi-tiered and wide-ranging cooperation structure has taken shape.Facts have shown that BRICS cooperation has contributed not only to the economic and social development of our five countries, but also to world peace and development.We should build on what we have achieved and plan for the future.We should stick to the basic principles of solidarity, mutual trust, openness, transparency and common development.Let us enhance mutual trust through cooperation and always be good friends and good partners.Our cooperation is open and transparent, and is aimed at mutual benefit and common development.We should stay firmly committed to the common interests of BRICS countries, step up coordination in the international economic, financial and development fields and strengthen the standing and role of emerging markets and developing countries in global economic governance.We should continue to deepen practical cooperation, vigorously tap our cooperation potential in economy, trade, health and sister-city relationships, and strive for fruitful results of our cooperation in various fields so as to further strengthen the economic and social foundation for BRICS cooperation.各位同事！Dear Colleagues, 改革开放30多年来，中国发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。在过去10年里，中国平均每年进口价值6870亿美元的商品，为相关国家和地区创造了1400多万个就业岗位。2010年，中国国内生产总值实现10.3%的增长，为推动世界经济复苏作出了重要贡献。这充分说明，中国发展是世界发展的一部分，中国发展得越好，对世界作出的贡献越大。
Over the past 30 years and more since reform and opening-up, China has made remarkable achievements in its development.In the past decade, China imported 687 billion U.S.dollars of goods on average every year, creating over 13 million jobs in related countries and regions.In 2010, China achieved a 10.3 percent GDP growth and made an important contribution to world economic recovery.This fully shows that China's development is part of the world development and the better China develops, the greater the contribution it will make to the world.同时，我们也清醒地认识到，中国人口多、底子薄，发展还很不平衡，人均国内生产总值水平还很低，经济发展的资源环境压力加大，还有1亿多人生活在联合国设定的贫困线以下。中国发展面临诸多挑战，实现自己的发展目标需要继续付出艰苦努力。
At the same time, we are keenly aware that China has a large population and a weak economic foundation.Our development is uneven and per capita GDP low.We face considerable resources and environmental constraints in pursuing economic development.More than 100 million people live below the poverty line set by the UN.All these are our challenges, and we must make arduous efforts in order to achieve our development goals.不久前，我们制定颁布了“十二五”规划纲要，确定了未来5年中国经济社会发展的指导思想、战略目标、主要任务。我们将以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，加快推进经济结构调整，大力加强自主创新，切实抓好节能减排，不断深化改革开放，着力保障和改善民生，促进社会公平正义，促进经济长期平稳较快发展和社会和谐稳定，切实做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。
The Chinese government formulated and promulgated the Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan not long ago.The Outline sets out the guiding principles, strategic objectives and major tasks for China's economic and social development in the coming five years.We will be committed to scientific development, and focus on accelerating the transformation of the economic development pattern.We will advance economic restructuring at a faster pace, strengthen capacity for innovation, ensure energy conservation and emission reduction, and deepen reform and opening up.We will take greater steps to protect and improve people's well-being and promote social equity and justice.We will strive for sustained, steady and relatively fast economic development, and promote social stability and harmony.We will ensure that our development is for the people and by the people, and the development achievements are shared among the people.我相信，一个发展更加持续、社会更加和谐、制度更加完善、对外更加开放的中国，有利于增进13亿中国人民的福祉，也必将对世界和平与发展作出更大贡献。
I am convinced that a China with more sustainable development, greater social harmony, better institutions and greater openness will not only bring more benefits to its 1.3 billion people, but also make greater contribution to world peace and development.中国将继续高举和平、发展、合作旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不 渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略。中国欢迎世界各国参与中国发展、分享中国发展机遇，将不断拓展新的开放领域和空间，以自己的发展促进地区和世界发展，同世界各国人民共享繁荣。
China will continue to advocate peace, development and cooperation, and remain committed to the independent foreign policy of peace, the path of peaceful development and the win-win strategy of opening-up.China welcomes the participation of all countries in its development endeavor.We will share development opportunities with other countries, and expand the dimensions of opening up.We will contribute to the development of the region and the world through our development and share prosperity with people around the world.各位同事，让我们携手前进，共同推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
Dear colleagues, let us work together to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.谢谢大家！Thank you.Speech at the Official Welcoming Ceremony for President Hu Jintao by Barack Obama, President of the United States
January 19, 2011
在正式欢迎胡锦涛主席仪式上的致辞 美利坚合众国总统 巴拉克·奥巴马
2011年1月19日，华盛顿
Good morning, everyone.President Hu, members of the Chinese delegation, on behalf of Michelle and myself, welcome to the White House.And on behalf of the American people, welcome to the United States.大家早上好！胡主席、中国代表团成员们，我谨代表米歇尔和我自己欢迎你们来到白宫，并代表美国人民欢迎你们来到美国。
Three decades ago, on a January day like this, another American President stood here and welcomed another Chinese leader for the historic normalization of relations between the United States and the People‘s Republic of China.On that day, Deng Xiaoping spoke of the great possibilities of cooperation between our two nations.30年前，在像今天这样的一个1月的日子里，另一位美国总统站在这里欢迎另一位中国领导人，标志着美国和中华人民共和国关系正常化的历史时刻。在那一天，邓小平谈到了我们两国间巨大的合作机会。
Looking back on that winter day in 1979, it is now clear.The previous 30 years had been a time of estrangement for our two countries.The 30 years since have been a time of growing exchanges and understanding.And with this visit we can lay the foundation for the next 30 years.回首1979年那个冬日，现在一切都非常清晰。在那之前的30年是我们两国关系的僵持时期。在那之后的30年是交流与理解不断发展的时期。胡主席的此次访问能够让我们为未来30年奠定基础。
At a time when some doubt the benefits of cooperation between the United States and China, this visit is also a chance to demonstrate a simple truth.We have an enormous stake in each other‘s success.In an interconnected world, in a global economy, nations--including our own--will be more prosperous and more secure when we work together.正当有人怀疑美中两国间的合作是否有利的时候展开的此次访问，也提供了展示一个简单事实的机会。我们与对方的成功利益攸关。在一个相互依存的世界、在全球经济中，如果我们齐心协力，各国——包括我国——将会更加繁荣、更加安全。
The United States welcomes China‘s rise as a strong, prosperous and successful member of the community of nations.Indeed, China‘s success has brought with it economic benefits for our people as well as yours, and our cooperation on a range of issues has helped advance stability in the Asia Pacific and in the world.美国欢迎中国崛起成为国际大家庭中的一个强大、繁荣、成功的成员。事实上，中国的成功已经既给你们的人民，也给我国人民带来了经济好处；我们在一系列问题上的合作帮助增进了亚太地区和世界的稳定。
We also know this: History shows that societies are more harmonious, nations are more successful, and the world is more just, when the rights and responsibilities of all nations and all people are upheld, including the universal rights of every human being.我们也很清楚：历史表明，当各国的权利和责任、各国人民的权利——包括每个人的普世权利——得到维护时，社会就更和谐、国家就更繁荣、世界就更公正。Mr.President, we can learn from our people.Chinese and American students and educators, business people, tourists, researchers and scientists, including Chinese Americans who are here today —-they work together and make progress together every single day.They know that even as our nations compete in some areas, we can cooperate in so many others, in a spirit of mutual respect, for our mutual benefit.主席先生，我们可以向我们的人民学习。中国和美国的学生和教育工作者、商界人士、旅游者、研究人员和科学家，包括今天在场的华裔美国人——他们一道努力，每天都在共同取得进步。他们知道，虽然我们两国在某些领域相互竞争，但我们能够在其他那么多领域本着相互尊重的精神，为着我们的共同利益而合作。
What Deng Xiaoping said long ago remains true today.There are still great possibilities for cooperation between our countries.President Hu, members of the Chinese delegation, let us seize these possibilities together.Welcome to the United States of America.Hwan-ying.邓小平多年前所说的话今天依然正确。我们两国之间仍然有着巨大的合作机会。胡主席、中国代表团成员们，让我们共同抓住这些机会。欢迎你们来到美利坚合众国，欢迎！
在白宫南草坪欢迎仪式上的致辞 中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 2011年1月19日，华盛顿
Speech at the Arrival Ceremony at South Lawn of White House by Hu Jintao, President of People's Republic of China
January 19, 2011 总统先生，奥巴马夫人，女士们，先生们，朋友们： Mr.President, Mrs.Obama, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear friends, 很高兴应奥巴马总统邀请，在一元复始的时节来到华盛顿，对美国进行国事访问。此时此刻，我谨代表13亿中国人民，向美国人民致以诚挚的问候和良好的祝愿！
It gives me great pleasure to come to Washington and pay a state visit to the United States at the beginning of the new year, at the invitation of President Obama.At this point in time, let me extend, on behalf of the 1.3 billion Chinese people, sincere greetings and best wishes to the people of the United States.我这次访问美国，是为增进互信、加强友谊、深化合作、推动21世纪积极合作全面的中美关系继续向前发展而来。I have come to the United States to increase mutual trust, enhance friendship, deepen cooperation, and push forward the positive, cooperative, and comprehensive China-U.S.relationship for the 21st century.中美建交32年来，两国关系已经成长为具有战略意义和全球影响的双边关系。奥巴马总统就职以来，在双方共同努力下，两国各领域合作成果丰硕，中美关系得到新的发展，为两国人民带来了实实在在的利益，为世界和平与发展作出了重要贡献。
Over the past 32 years, since the establishment of diplomatic ties, the China-U.S.relationship has grown into one with strategic significance and global influence.Since President Obama took office, with concerted efforts of the two sides, our cooperation in various fields has produced fruitful results and our relations have achieved new progress.This has brought real benefits to our two peoples, and contributed greatly to world peace and development.在21世纪第二个十年开始之际，中美两国人民都期待中美关系发展得更好，各国人民都期待世界发展得更好。面对新形势新挑战，中美两国拥有广泛的共同利益，肩负着重要的共同责任。
As we enter the second decade of the 21st century, the people of both China and the United States want to see further progress in our relations and people around the globe want to see greater prosperity in the world.Under the new circumstances, and in the face of new challenges, China and the United States share broad common interests and important common responsibilities.我们应该登高望远、求同存异，共同推动中美关系长期健康稳定发展。我希望通过这次访问，推进积极合作 全面的中美关系，开启两国伙伴合作新篇章。
We should adopt a long-term perspective, seek common ground while resolving differences, and work together to achieve sustained, sound, and steady development of our relations.I hope that through this visit, our two countries will advance the positive, cooperative, and comprehensive relationship, and open a new chapter in our cooperation as partners.——中美伙伴合作应该基于相互尊重。我们生活在一个越来越丰富多彩的世界之中。中美两国要尊重彼此对发展道路的选择，尊重对方核心利益，通过沟通加深了解，通过对话增进互信，通过交流扩大共识。
Our cooperation as partners should be based on mutual respect.We live in an increasingly diverse and colorful world.China and the United States should respect each other‘s choice of development path and each other‘s core interests.We should deepen mutual understanding through communication, increase mutual trust through dialogue, and expand common ground through exchanges.——中美伙伴合作应该基于互利共赢。中国的前途命运日益紧密地同世界的前途命运联系在一起，中美交往更加紧密，交流互鉴应该成为我们的共同选择，合作共赢应该成为我们的相处之道。
Our cooperation as partners should be based on mutual benefit.China‘s future and destiny are increasingly tied to those of the world and China-U.S.relations have become closer.Our two countries should seek to learn from each other through exchanges and achieve win-win progress through cooperation.This is the right approach for us to develop our relations.——中美伙伴合作应该基于共迎挑战。中美两国应该就国际事务加强沟通和协调，合作应对各种全球性挑战，为世界和平与发展作出更大贡献。
Our cooperation as partners should be based on joint efforts to meet challenges.China and the United States should step up communication and coordination in international affairs, work together to counter the global challenges, and make a greater contribution to world peace and development.——中美伙伴合作应该基于人民广泛参与。中美两国人民相互怀有深厚的友好感情，曾经在决定人类前途命运的重大历史关头并肩战斗。两国人民应该扩大交往、加强友谊，为中美关系发展提供不竭动力。
Our cooperation as partners should be based on the extensive involvement of the people.The Chinese and American people cherish deep friendship towards each other, and they fought side by side at defining moments in history when the future and the destiny of mankind were at stake.The two peoples should extend exchanges and enhance friendship.This will offer a inexhaustible driving force for the growth of our relations.女士们、先生们！Ladies and gentlemen, 当今世界正处在大发展大变革大调整时期，求和平、谋发展、促合作已经成为不可阻挡的时代潮流。让我们抓住机遇、携手前行，共同加强中美伙伴合作，同世界各国一道推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
Our world today is undergoing major development, major changes and major adjustments.To pursue peace, development and cooperation is the irresistible trend of our time.Let us seize the opportunity to forge ahead, hand in hand, and work together to enhance cooperation as partners, and let us work with all other countries to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.再次感谢总统先生对我们的热烈欢迎！
Thank you once again, Mr.President, for your warm welcome.在奥巴马总统举行的欢迎国宴上的致辞
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 美国华盛顿 白宫 国宴厅
2011年1月19日
Remarks in an Exchange of Toasts at State Dinner by H.E.Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
State Dining Room, White House, Washington
January 19, 2011 尊敬的奥巴马总统和夫人，各位来宾，女士们、先生们，朋友们，President Obama and Mrs.Obama, Distinguished guests, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear friends, 晚上好！应奥巴马总统的邀请，我很高兴再次来到美国进行国事访问。一踏上这片美丽的土地，我们就受到美国政府和人民的盛情款待。今天晚上，奥巴马总统又为我们举行欢迎宴会，并发表了热情洋溢的讲话。我谨代表我的同事们，并以我个人的名义，向奥巴马总统和夫人，向在座的美国朋友们，表示衷心的感谢，并通过你们向热情友好的美国人民转达中国人民的良好祝愿，向所有关心和支持中美关系发展的美国各界人士致以诚挚的问候。
Good evening.I am delighted to once again come to the United States and pay a state visit at the invitation of President Obama.Since setting foot on this beautiful land, we have received the gracious hospitality of the U.S.government and people.This evening President Obama is hosting this welcoming dinner for us, and has just made warm remarks.On behalf of my colleagues and in my own name, I want to express heartfelt thanks to President and Mrs.Obama and other American friends present today.I also wish to convey through you the best wishes of the Chinese people to the friendly American people and extend cordial greetings to people from various sectors of the United States who have given care and support to the growth of U.S.-China relations.我这次应奥巴马总统的邀请访问美国，目的是增进互信，加强友谊，深化合作，推动二十一世纪积极、合作、全面的中美关系继续向前发展。近年来，特别是奥巴马总统就职两年来，在双方的共同努力下，中美关系得到长足发展，两国广泛领域交流合作不断扩大，双方在重大的国际和地区问题上保持密切沟通和协调，为促进亚太地区乃至世界的和平、稳定、繁荣发挥了积极作用。
The purpose of my visit is to increase mutual trust, enhance friendship, deepen cooperation and advance the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S.relationship for the 21st century.In recent years, particularly over the past two years since President Obama took office, China-U.S.relations have made strong headway, thanks to the joint efforts of both sides.We have increased exchanges in cooperation in a wide range of areas, maintained close communication and coordination on major international and regional issues, and played a positive role in promoting peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia Pacific region and the whole world.在当前形势下，中美两国拥有的共同利益比以往任何时候都要广泛，担负的共同责任比以往任何时候都要重大，美丽的共同挑战比以往任何时候都要严峻，因而保持中美关系长期健康稳定发展也就比以往任何时候都要重要，这是中美两国面临的客观现实，应该成为我们的共识。
Under the current circumstances, our two countries share broader common interests, show their bigger common responsibilities, and face more severe common challenges than at any time in history.As a result, it is more important than ever for us to maintain the long-term, sound and steady growth of our bilateral relations.This is the reality we face, and it should be recognized by both sides.今天上午，我同奥巴马总统举行会谈，就中美关系及共同关心的国际和地区问题深入交换意见，达成重要共识，我们一致同意两国应该密切高层和各个级别的交往，加强对话和沟通，增进战略互信，深化各个领域的交流合作，密切在国际和地区问题上的沟通和协调，尊重对方主权领土完整和发展利益，妥善处理摩擦和分歧，致力于共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的中美合作伙伴关系。
This morning President Obama and I had an in-depth exchange of views on China-U.S.relations and international and regional issues of common interest.And we reached important agreement.We agreed that our two countries should increase contacts at the top and other levels, strengthen strategic mutual trust through dialogue and communication, intensify exchanges and cooperation in all fields, and step up communication and coordination on international and regional issues.We agreed that the two countries should respect each other‘s sovereignty, territorial integrity and the development interests, properly handle differences and frictions, and work together to build a China-U.S.cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.回顾往昔，中美建交三十二年来走过的不平凡历程表明，两国的共同利益远远大于分歧，互利合作始终是两国关系主流，这坚定了我们推动中美关系发展的信心。展望未来，中美两国都面临着保持经济平稳发展和实现经济转型的艰巨任务，都需要应对经济全球化带来的各种挑战，这增强了我们加强合作的需要和意愿。China-U.S.relations have traveled a extraordinary journey in the past 32 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties.A review of the history of our relations shows that we have far more common interests than differences, and cooperation for mutual benefit as always being the mainstream of our relations.This has reinforced our confidence in further pushing forward our relationship.Today both China and the United States are confronted with the arduous task of sustaining steady economic growth and achieving economic transformation.And we both need to tackle the various challenges brought by economic globalization.This has added to our need and desire to enhance cooperation.我们要以更加坚定的信念，更加宽广的视野，更加积极的行动，脚踏实地，锐意进取，充分挖掘两国合作潜力，不断开创中美关系发展新局面。我相信，在双方的共同努力下，中美合作伙伴关系一定能够取得丰硕的成果，更好的造福两国人民，为世界和平与发展的崇高事业做出新的、更大的贡献。
We should pursue our relations with a stronger conviction, a broader vision and more proactive approach.We need to take solid steps and make pioneering efforts to fully tap the potential of cooperation and strive for new progress in China-U.S.relations.I am confident that with joint efforts, a China-U.S.cooperative partnership will yield bountiful fruits for the greater benefit of our people, and make new and bigger contribution to the noble cause of world peace and development.现在我提议，为奥巴马总统和夫人的健康，为在座的各位朋友的健康，为中美两国人民的友谊不断加强，为中美关系不断发展，干杯！
Now I'd like to propose a toast--to the health of President and Mrs.Obama;to the health of all friends present here;to the stronger friendship between the people of China and the United States;and to the steady growth of China-U.S.relations.Cheers.Remarks at the 50th Anniversary of John F.Kennedy's Inauguration
Barack Obama, President of the United States
January 20, 2011
The Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C.在纪念约翰?肯尼迪就任总统50周年活动上的讲话
美国总统 巴拉克?奥巴马
2011年1月20日 华盛顿特区肯尼迪中心
Thank you so much, everybody.Thank you.Thank you.To Caroline and the Kennedy family, to all the members of Congress and distinguished guests here tonight, it is an extraordinary pleasure to join you to mark the 50th anniversary of John F.Kennedy‘s inauguration.And I can‘t think of a better place to do it than here, in a living memorial that reflects not only his love of the arts, but also his recognition of how the arts can help sustain our national strength.(Applause.)非常感谢，谢谢大家，谢谢。卡罗琳和肯尼迪家族各位成员、今晚在场的各位国会议员和尊贵的客人们，十分高兴同你们一起纪念约翰?肯尼迪就任总统50周年。（掌声）在此举行这次活动是最恰当的，这个供人们日常使用的纪念场所不仅反映了他对艺术的热爱，而且反映了他对艺术在保持我国国力中所能发挥的作用的认识。（掌声）
Now, we mark this anniversary with a measure of sadness, as we remember the extraordinary life of Sargent Shriver--(applause)--a man who embodied the spirit of the New Frontier as well as anybody.When a person passes away, there‘s often an urge to define their legacy, and find a way in which it will endure.In the case of Sarge, that is not hard to do.His legacy is written in the villages around the world that have clean water or a new school through the Peace Corps.It‘s written into the lives of all the children in our own country whose fortunes have been lifted through Head Start.And it will endure in the work of his children who are living out his legacy of service, and our thoughts and prayers are with them tonight.我们在缅怀萨金特?施莱弗[肯尼迪总统的妹夫－译者注]不平凡的一生之时来纪念这个周年不免感到一种悲伤——（掌声）——在体现“新前沿”精神方面，他是一个出类拔萃的人。在一个人逝去的时候，常会产生一种界定其遗产并设法使之永存的动力。对施莱弗来说，做到这一条并非难事。他的遗产就写在世界各地那些通过和平队获得了清洁用水或新的学校的村庄里，写在我国那些因“起跑”计划[美国的一项帮助贫困儿童的教育计划－译者注]而改变命运的所有孩子的生活中。他的子女们继承了这份为他人奉献的遗产，并将通过自己的努力使之发扬光大。今晚，我们的心和他们连在一起，我们为他们祈祷。
One of the remarkable aspects in commemorating the JFK inauguration, in remembering those who were part of his team, like Sargent Shriver, who would help bring Kennedy‘s soaring vision to life, is that none of it feels dated.Even now, one half century later, there is something about that day-– January 20, 1961-– that feels immediate, feels new and urgent and exciting, despite the graininess of the 16-millimeter news reels that recorded it for posterity.在纪念约翰?肯尼迪就任总统50周年之时，在怀念萨金特?施莱弗等为实现肯尼迪的宏大愿景而努力的团队成员之时，值得一提的是，人们可以看到这一切并没有过时。即便在今日，半个世纪之后，那一天——1961年1月20日——仍然让人感到历历在目，感到新鲜，感到紧迫和振奋，尽管为后人记录这一天的16毫米新闻胶卷已经老旧。
There he is, the handsome Bostonian, summoning a generation to service and a nation to greatness, in a speech that would become part of the American canon.And there‘s the crowd, bundled up for the cold, making their way through streets white with snow, full of expectation.A nation, feeling young again, its mood brightened by the promise of a new decade.他——一位英俊的波士顿人——就在那里，以一篇后来成为美国行为准则一部分的演说，呼唤一代人为他人奉献，呼唤整个国家创造伟大业绩。当时那一群人穿着厚厚的冬衣，满怀期待地行进在白雪覆盖的街道上。一个国家，青春焕发，充满着朝气，憧憬着充满希望的新的十年。
Now, I confess, I don‘t have my own memories of that day.(Laughter.)I wasn‘t born until later that year.(Laughter.)What I know of that day and the 1,000 days that followed-– what I know of President Kennedy –-came from a mother and grandparents who adored him;from books I read and classes I took;from growing up in a country still mourning its beloved leader, whose name was spoken with reverence.And I know him through the legacy of his children and his brother Teddy who became extraordinarily dear friends of mine.我得坦率承认，我对那一天没有直接的记忆。（笑声）我是那一年稍晚的时候才出生的。（笑声）我对那一天及其后1000天的了解——我对肯尼迪总统的了解——来自于一位崇敬他的母亲和外祖父母；来自于我阅读的书籍和学校的课堂；来自于在一个依然思念其敬爱领袖的国家里的成长过程，在这个国家里，他的名字依然让人肃然起敬。我对他的了解还来自于他遗留身后的子女和他的弟弟特迪[即已故参议员爱德华·肯尼迪－译者注），他们后来成为我的挚友。
But I know him, John F.Kennedy, less as a man than as an icon, as a larger-than-life figure who graced this Earth for one brief and shining moment.But part of the function of this event, on this day, we must remember him as he was--as a father who loved his children, as a friend who lived life fully, as a noble public servant who wanted to make a difference.但在我心目中，约翰·肯尼迪并不是一个凡人，而是一位偶像，一个富有传奇色彩的人物，在地球上度过了短暂而光辉的时光。而本次活动的目的之一是，在今天，我们必须记住他曾是怎样一个人——一位疼爱自己孩子的父亲、一个生活充实的朋友、一名想有所作为的高尚公仆。
A quick wit with a light touch, he was dealt, in many ways, a fortunate hand at birth.Attending one event, early in his career, where every speaker before him pompously claimed humble roots--things haven‘t changed that much--(laughter)--John Kennedy confessed, when he took the podium, that he was –-and I quote-– ―the only fellow here who didn‘t come up the hard way.‖(Laughter.)他机敏巧智，从多方面讲，一出生就应天承运。他在从政早期曾参加过一次活动，当时所有在他前面发言的人都大谈自己卑微的身世——现在的情况和那时也差不多——（笑声）——约翰·肯尼迪走上讲台时自报家底说，他是——我引用原话—— “这里唯一一个不是苦出身的人”。(笑声)And yet, it cannot be said that John F.Kennedy lived an easy life.He lost an older brother in the war;a sister shortly thereafter.He nearly lost his own life, too, when a Japanese gunship cut his PT boat in half, casting him into the water, from which he swam a crewmate to safety.Another sister struggled with a severe mental handicap.His own health was so poor that priests pronounced his last rites on several different occasions.And he endured the personal prejudice and political poison of anti-Catholic fervor.然而，并不能说约翰·肯尼迪一生都安逸顺利。他在战争中失去了哥哥；之后不久又失去了一个妹妹。他自己也几乎遇难，当时一架日本战机把他的鱼雷艇截成两半，他被抛入水中，但他从水里救起另一名水手，一起安然逃生。他的另一个妹妹患有严重脑障。他自己的身体状况也很差，以至于牧师数次为他做过临终祷告。他还忍受了反天主教狂热所引发的个人偏见和政治毒害。
And there is surely a possibility, under such circumstances, that a person will retreat from the world;that a person, particularly one born to wealth, will seek a life of luxury and ease;that a person, confronted by the coldness of chance, will become bitter or cynical or small.It has happened to others.在这种情况下，一个人确实有可能遁世隐居；特别是一个天生富贵的人，有可能会追求一种奢华安逸的生活；一个面对机会之冷漠的人，可能会变得刻薄、愤世嫉俗或心胸狭隘。这种情况并不罕见。
But that is not the life that John F.Kennedy chose.As he famously said at a press conference, ―life is unfair.‖ We can‘t choose the lots we are given in life, but we can choose how to live that life.John F.Kennedy chose a life in the arena, full of confidence that our country could surmount any obstacle, as he‘d seen it do himself.He chose a life of leadership, fired not by na?ve optimism, but committed realism;―idealism,‖ as his wife Jackie put it, ―without illusions.‖ That is the idealism-– soaring but sober –-that inspired the country and the world one half century ago.但是，这并不是约翰·肯尼迪选择的人生。他在一次新闻发布会上说得好：“生活是不公平的。”我们不能选择生活给予我们的定数，但我们可以选择如何度过一生。约翰·肯尼迪选择生活在公众舞台上，坚信我们的国家能够克服任何困难，就像他亲眼目睹的那样。他选择了做领袖的生活，不为天真的乐观主义所驱使，而是受到坚定的现实主义、即他的夫人杰基所说的“不抱幻想的理想主义”的鼓舞。正是这种理想主义——豪情冲天又冷静沉着——在半个世纪前感召了这个国家和整个世界。
I can only imagine how he must have felt, entering the Oval Office in turbulent times.(Laughter and applause.)The Soviet Premier, Khrushchev, had threatened to ―bury‖ America just a few years before.Wars of Liberation, as they were called, were being waged around the globe-– from Laos and Vietnam to Congo and Cuba, just 90 miles from our shore.At home, a young preacher‘s cause was gaining traction across a segregated land.我只能想象他在那个动荡的年代步入椭圆形办公室时的所思所想。（笑声和掌声）苏联总理赫鲁晓夫，仅仅几年前曾扬言要“埋葬”美国。所谓的“解放战争”在世界各地蔓延——从老挝和越南到刚果及距我国海岸只有90英里的古巴。而当时在国内，一位年轻牧师（即马丁·路德·金－译者注）的事业正在种族隔离的土地上赢得人心。
In this volatile America, this tinderbox of a world, President Kennedy led with a steadying hand, defusing the most perilous crisis of the Cold War without firing a single shot.Enforcing the rights of young black men and women to attend the university of their choice.Launching a corps of volunteers as ambassadors for peace in distant centers of the globe.Setting America‘s sights on the moon, unwilling to lose the Space Race in the wake of Sputnik.在这个动荡的美国，在这个战争一触即发的地区，肯尼迪总统以稳健之手担纲，不费一枪一弹化解了冷战时期最危险的危机。他强制履行了黑人男女青年选择大学的权利。他动员志愿者队伍，前往遥远的异乡担任和平大使。他让美国放眼月球，在 “斯普特尼克”升空后的太空竞赛中力争上游。
We know the moon-shot story.It‘s a familiar one, often invoked to make the case for an ambitious idea.But it‘s easy to lose sight of just how improbable it seemed in May of 1961.When President Kennedy proposed going to the moon, America had just 15 minutes of manned flight experience in space.NASA had neither a plan nor a shuttle for making a lunar voyage.(Laughter.)Its own engineers had taken out the slide rules, and they were deeply skeptical of the mission.我们都知道飞船登月的故事。这个故事为人们所熟知，人们经常用它来激励一个远大理想。然而，人们很容易忽略，在1961年5月这个想法看来是多么遥不可及。当肯尼迪总统提出登月计划时，美国的载人太空飞行经历不过15分钟。美国国家航空航天局既无月球飞行的计划又无可用于登月的飞船。（笑声）该局的工程师们已将计算尺收了起来，他们对这一使命表示十分怀疑。（笑声）
The science just wasn‘t there.President Kennedy understood that.But he also knew something else.He knew that we, as a people, can do big things.We can reach great heights.We can rise to any challenge, so long as we‘re willing to ask what we can do for our country;so long as we‘re willing to take America‘s destiny into our own hands.What President Kennedy understood was the character of the people he led: our resilience, our fearlessness, our distinctly American ability, revealed time and again throughout history, to defy the odds, to fashion our future, to make the world anew.当时的科学还没有发展到那一步。肯尼迪总统理解这一点，但是他也清楚另一点。他知道，我们作为一个国家能够大有作为。我们能够攀登高峰。我们能够迎接任何挑战，只要我们愿意扪心自问：我们能为我们的国家做些什么，只要我们自己愿意主宰美国的命运。肯尼迪总统看到的是他所率领的人民的个性：我们的坚韧；我们的无畏；我们美国与众不同的能力，这种能力历经考验，在整个历史进程中反复展现，它造就未来，使世界焕然一新。The world is very different now than it was in 1961.We face new trials and new uncertainties, from our economy to our security.We have a politics that can often seem too small for the hardships at hand.So meeting these tests won‘t be easy.But we cannot forget, we are the heirs of this President, who showed us what is possible.Because of his vision, more people prospered;more people served;our union was made more perfect.Because of that vision, I can stand here tonight as President of the United States.(Applause.)当今世界与1961年相比已经全然不同。在从经济到安全的诸多领域，我们面临新的考验、新的变数。面对眼前的困难，我们的政治运作常常显得偏于狭隘。因此，应对这些考验并非易事。然而，我们不能忘记，我们是这位总统的传人，他曾向我们昭示我们的潜力。由于他的远大理想，更多的人走向繁荣；更多的人作出奉献；我们的合众国变得更加美好。由于这一远大理想，我今晚才能够以美国总统的身份来到这里。（掌声）
So John F.Kennedy captured that American spirit that not only put a man on the moon, but saved a continent from tyranny and overcame a Great Depression;that forged, from 13 colonies, the last best hope on Earth.And if we can hold onto that spirit today, I know that our generation will answer its call as ably as earlier ones did before us.约翰?肯尼迪激发了美国精神，这一精神使人类登上月球，把一个大陆从暴政下拯救出来，战胜了大萧条，还从13个殖民地开始，缔造了世界迄今最美好的希望。如果我们今天继续弘扬这一精神，我知道我们这一代人将会像前几代人那样以非凡的能力响应这一召唤。
In December 1962, President Kennedy was asked by the Saturday Evening Post to submit his favorite quotation.A student not only of history, but also of literature, he chose a passage written by the poet Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., father of the Supreme Court justice.Mr.Holmes wrote: 1962年12月，《星期六晚报》邀请肯尼迪总统介绍他的座右铭。由于他在大学时兼修历史和文学，他挑选了诗人奥利弗?温德尔?霍姆斯——即最高法院大法官霍姆斯的父亲——的一段话。霍姆斯先生写道：
“I find the great things in this world--is not so much where we stand, as in what direction we are moving: to reach the port of heaven, we must sail sometimes with the wind and sometimes against it-– but we must sail, and not drift, nor lie at anchor.‖ “我感悟到，这个世界上的伟大事业——并非在于我们身处何地，而在于我们走向何方：为了到达天堂之门，我们有时必须顺风而行，有时则必须逆风而行——但我们必须航行，而非随波逐流或原地不动。”
That, I think, captures well the daring, graceful spirit of the unfinished life we celebrate today;a life that inspires us and lights our way, as we sail on to the new frontiers of our own time.Thank you, God bless you, and may God bless this country that we love.Thank you.(Applause.)我认为，这段话确切地再现了我们今日所庆祝的依然延续的生命中那种无畏而高尚的精神，这一生命激励着我们，照亮我们的前进道路，伴随着我们驶向我们这个时代的新前沿。多谢各位，愿主保佑你们，愿主保佑我们所挚爱的国家。谢谢。
Remarks in an Exchange of Toasts at State Dinner by Barack Obama, President of the United States of America
State Dining Room, White House, Washington
January 19, 2011
在欢迎胡锦涛主席国宴上的致辞 美利坚合众国总统 巴拉克·奥巴马
美国华盛顿 白宫 国宴厅
2011年1月19日
Good evening, everybody.Please have a seat.On behalf of Michelle and myself, welcome to the White House.And thank you for joining us as we host President Hu and the Chinese delegation, and as we pay tribute to the bonds between two great nations and two proud peoples.大家晚上好。请坐。米歇尔和我欢迎大家光临白宫。感谢各位与我们一道欢迎胡锦涛主席和中国代表团，对中美两国和人民的紧密关系致意。There are too many distinguished guests to mention all of you tonight.But I do want to acknowledge a few who have championed relations between our nations: First of all, President Jimmy Carter and his wonderful wife Rosalynn Carter are here.As well as President Bill Clinton and my outstanding Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton.今晚在座的有非常多的贵宾，我想特别介绍一下对我们两国关系起到关键作用的人：吉米·卡特总统和他的夫人罗萨琳·卡特，还有比尔·克林顿总统及我们出色的国务卿希拉里·克林顿。
President Hu, we have met today in a spirit of mutual respect: the United States--the oldest democracy in the world, and China--one of the oldest civilizations in the world.And while it‘s easy to focus on our differences of culture and perspective, let us never forget the values that our people share: A reverence for family;the belief that, with education and hard work and with sacrifice, the future is what we make it;and most of all, the desire to give our children a better life.胡主席，今天的聚会体现了我们相互尊重的精神，美国是世界上最悠久的民主制度国家，中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。我们很容易将注意力放在文化与观点的差别之上，但我们也不应该忘记两国人民共有的价值观——对家庭的重视，对通过教育、勤奋和牺牲创造未来的信念，更重要的，对子女提供更好生活的愿望。
Let‘s also never forget that throughout our history our people have worked together for mutual progress.We‘ve traded together for more than 200 years.We stood together in the Second World War.Chinese immigrants and Chinese Americans have helped to build America, including many who join us here tonight.我们也不应该忘记历史上我们两国人民为了共同的进步而共同努力。我们有二百多年的贸易历史，在二战中我们并肩作战，中国的移民和华裔美国人对美国的建设做出了贡献，其中包括许多今晚在座的嘉宾。
The Chinese and American people work together and create new opportunities together every single day.Mr.President, today we‘ve shown that our governments can work together as well, for our mutual benefit.And that includes this bit of news-— under a new agreement, our National Zoo will continue to dazzle children and visitors with the beloved giant pandas.中美两国人民每天都在共同努力创造新的机会。主席先生，今天我们也表明了两国政府可以同样为了共同的利益一起努力，其中也包括这条消息——根据一项新的协议，我们的国家动物园将可以继续保留吸引孩子和游客们的中国大熊猫。
I'm told that there is a Chinese proverb that says: If you want one year of prosperity, then grow grain.If you want 10 years of prosperity, then grow trees.But if you want 100 years of prosperity, then you grow people.我知道一句中国的谚语：一年树谷，十年树木，百年树人。
And so I propose a toast--to our people, the citizens of the People‘s Republic of China and the United States of America.May they grow together in friendship.May they prosper together in peace.And may they realize their dream of the future for themselves, for their children, and for their grandchildren.所以我提议让我们一起举杯——为我们的人民，中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国的公民。愿两国人民加深友谊，和平繁荣，实现自己及子孙的未来的梦想！
Ganbei.干杯！
驻英国大使刘晓明在伦敦春节庆祝活动上的致辞 2011年2月6日中午，伦敦特拉法加广场
Remarks by H.E.Ambassador Liu Xiaoming At the Chinese New Year Celebrations in London February 2011, Trafalgar Square, London 尊敬的伦敦市副市长巴恩斯先生，尊敬的西敏寺市市长华纳女士，尊敬的中国国务院侨务办公室主任李海峰女士，尊敬的伦敦华埠商会主席邓柱廷先生、会长吴国强先生，各位来宾，女士们、先生们：
Mr.Richard Barnes, Deputy Mayor of London, Councillor Judith Warner, Lord Mayor of Westminster, Madam Li Haifeng, Mr Chu Ting Tang, Mr Leslie Ng, Ladies and Gentlemen, 我谨代表中国驻英国大使馆向各位嘉宾和朋友们拜年！
It is my great pleasure to see so many people joining us in celebrating the Chinese New Year.On behalf of the Chinese Embassy in the UK, I wish all of you a very happy and prosperous Year of the Rabbit.(Chun Jie Kuai Le, Tu Nian Ji Xiang!)春节是中国的传统佳节，阖家团圆，举国欢庆，人们祈盼风调雨顺，国泰民安。
The Chinese New Year is a time for family reunions and national celebration.And it is when all Chinese people express their wish for a prosperous year, both for their families and their motherland.春节现在不仅是中国人的节日，也正在成为各国人民共同的节日。无论是中国，还是亚洲、美洲和欧洲；无论是伦敦，还是爱丁堡、曼彻斯特和利物浦，各地张灯结彩，舞龙戏狮，普天共庆，四海同春。
Today, the Chinese New Year is celebrated not only by the Chinese people, but also by the people in every part of the world.From China and across Asia, to Europe and America, wherever you go, you can feel the joy of celebrating.Here in London, as in Edinburgh, Manchester, Liverpool, and many other cities, people are decorating their homes and streets with colourful lanterns and celebrating with dragon and lion dances.春节与伦敦有个一年一度的约会。在特拉法加广场举行的这场中国文化盛事，今年已经是连续第10年。它已成为亚洲以外规模最大的春节庆典活动。中国和英国都有着悠久的历史、灿烂的文化、伟大的发明和勤劳的人民，都为人类文明的发展做出了非凡贡献。中国和英国都是当今具有重要影响的大国，都致力于促进世界和平、稳定和繁荣。人类进步和时代潮流告诉我们，相知才能互信，合作才能共赢。让我们携起手来，为构建一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界而共同作出努力。
This is the 10th year that we have been celebrating the Chinese New Year here in Trafalgar Square.It has become the largest event of celebrating the Chinese New Year outside Asia.We feel it important to share our happiness with the UK, a country we in China have so much in common with.We both have time-honoured histories, splendid cultures and hard-working people.We are both proud of the contributions we have made to human civilization, and are both playing important role in international arena for world peace, stability and prosperity.History tells us: mutual trust comes from mutual understanding, and cooperation leads to a win-win in our development.Let us join hands to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.我要感谢大伦敦市政府、西敏寺市政府和伦敦华埠商会，感谢你们的不懈努力和辛勤付出，感谢你们为增进中英人民的了解和友谊做出的贡献。今天，我也要感谢远道而来的中国国务院侨务办公室主任李海峰女士以及文化部外联局舒晓公参，他们分别从中国带来了两个顶尖水平的艺术团体，与我们共庆新春，为伦敦春节庆典增色添彩。
I want to thank the Greater London Authority, Westminster City Council and the London Chinatown Chinese Association for their hard work in organising today's event and for their consistent commitment to mutual understanding and friendship between our two peoples.I also want to thank Minister Li Haifeng and Minister Counsellor Shu Xiao for bringing two top-class Chinese art troupes to London.I am sure their wonderful performances will make today a very special day!最后，在这象征着活力和富庶的兔年，在这春天即将来临的时刻，我衷心地祝中英两国繁荣昌盛!祝中英两国人民幸福安康！祝中英关系取得新的更大的发展！
The Year of the Rabbit stands for vitality and prosperity.I wish China and Britain continued prosperity.I wish our two peoples greater happiness.And I wish our two countries an even closer friendship.谢谢！
Thank you and happy new year to you all!《华尔街日报》和《华盛顿邮报》在中国国家主席胡锦涛于1月18日至21日访问美国前夕向他提交了一系列问题。中国外交部提供了胡锦涛对七个问题的回答，答复如下：
1.How do you view the current state of China-U.S.relationship? What do you see as the most promising areas of mutually beneficial cooperation between China and the United States? What do you see as the major challenges to the long-term, sound and steady development of China-U.S.relationship? 1.你如何看待中美关系的现况？你认为中美互利合作最有希望的领域是什么？你认为对中美关系长期、健康和稳定发展的最大挑战是什么？
A: Since the beginning of the 21st century, thanks to the concerted efforts of both sides, China-U.S.relationship has on the whole enjoyed steady growth.Since President Obama took office, we have maintained close contact through exchange of visits, meetings, telephone conversations and letters.We agreed to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S.relationship for the 21st century and together, we instituted the China-U.S.Strategic and Economic Dialogues mechanism.Over the past two years, China and the United States have carried out practical cooperation in a wide range of areas including economy and trade, energy, the environment, counterterrorism, law enforcement and culture.The two countries have maintained close contact and coordination in dealing with major international and regional hotspot issues and addressing global challenges, such as climate change and the international financial crisis.The strategic significance and global impact of China-U.S.relations have been on the rise.答：21世纪开始以来，得益于双方的共同努力，中美关系总的来说稳定发展。自从奥巴马总统就任以来，我们通过互访、会晤、电话交谈和信件往来维持着密切接触。我们同意为21世纪建立一种积极、合作和广泛的中美关系，并且我们两人共同使中美战略和经济对话机制制度化。过去两年中，中国和美国在经贸、能源、环境、反恐、执法和文化等广泛领域进行了切实合作。在处理重大国际和地区性热点问题以及应对气候变化和金融危机等全球挑战方面，中美两国保持了密切的接触和协 调。中美关系的战略意义和全球影响一直在加强。
China and the United States have major influence in international affairs and shoulder important responsibilities in upholding world peace and promoting common development.Under the new circumstances, the common interests of our two countries have been growing and areas of cooperation expanding.There is great potential for our mutually beneficial cooperation both in advancing Asia-Pacific regional cooperation and in improving global economic governance and promoting sustainable growth of the world economy;both in expanding cooperation in economy and trade and in strengthening cooperation in new areas like new energy sources, clean energy, infrastructure development and aviation and space;and both in fighting terrorism and preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and in meeting challenges like natural disasters, food security and major communicable diseases.中国和美国在国际事务中有着重要影响，在维护世界和平与促进共同发展方面肩负着重要责任。在这种新的环境下，我们两国的共同利益一直在增长，合作的领域也 一直在扩大。在推进亚太地区合作、改善全球经济治理和促进世界经济可持续增长方面；在扩大经贸合作和在新能源、清洁能源、基础设施建设以及航空和航天等新 领域加强合作方面；在打击恐怖主义和防止大规模杀伤性武器扩散以及在应对自然灾难、食品安全和重大传染性疾病等挑战方面，我们的互利合作有着巨大潜力。
We both stand to gain from a sound China-U.S.relationship, and lose from confrontation.We should act in the fundamental interests of our two peoples and uphold the overall interests of world peace and development.We should rise up to challenges, remove disturbances, work for shared goals and promote continuous growth of our relations.I wish to stress the following four points.First, we should increase dialogue and contact and enhance strategic mutual trust.Second, we should abandon the zero-sum Cold War mentality, view each other's development in an objective and sensible way, respect each other's choice of development path, and pursue common development through win-win cooperation.Third, we should respect each other's sovereignty, territorial integrity and development interests and properly address each other's major concerns.And fourth, we should make constant efforts to expand our converging interests so that China and the United States will be partners for cooperation in broader areas.中美关系和则两利，斗则两伤。我们应该本着为两国人民的根本利益以及维护世界和平与发展的总体利益行事。我们应该着手应对挑战，排除干扰，为共同的目标而 工作，促进中美关系的持续发展。我希望强调以下几点：首先，我们应该增加对话和接触，加强战略互信。其次，我们应该抛弃零和博弈的冷战思维，以客观和明智 的方式看待彼此的发展，尊重彼此对发展道路的选择，通过双赢合作寻求共同发展。第三，我们应该尊重彼此的主权、领土完整和发展利益，正确处理彼此的重大关 切。第四，我们应该做出持续努力来扩大我们的共同利益，这样中国和美国将在更广阔的领域成为合作伙伴。
Here is no denying that there are some differences and sensitive issues between us.Both sides should keep to the right direction in the development of our relations, increase exchanges, enhance mutual trust, seek common ground while reserving differences, properly manage differences and sensitive issues and jointly promote the long-term, sound and steady development of China-U.S.relations.不必否认，我们之间有一些分歧和敏感问题。双方在发展两国关系方面应该保持正确的方向，增加交流，增进互信，在保留分歧的同时寻求共同立场，正确处理分歧和敏感问题，共同促进中美关系的长期、健康和稳定发展。2.Despite the continuous growth of foreign investment in China, some American companies have complained about China's business climate.What steps is China taking to ensure a level playing field for U.S.and other foreign companies in China? 2.尽管外国在华投资持续增长，一些美国公司抱怨中国的商业环境。中国将采取哪些步骤来确保美国和其他国家的在华企业有一个公平的竞争环境？
A: The use of foreign investment is an important part of China's basic state policy of opening-up.Over the past decade since its accession to the WTO, China has fully honored its commitments by abolishing all domestic laws and regulations incompatible with WTO rules and giving foreign companies national treatment.All foreign companies registered in China are Chinese enterprises.Their innovation, production and business operations in China enjoy the same treatment as Chinese enterprises.The package plan and the related policy measures that the Chinese government introduced to counter the international financial crisis have also provided good opportunities for the growth of all enterprises in China, foreign companies included.答：利用外资是中国对外开放这一基本国策的重要组成部分。在加入世界贸易组织后的十年中，中国全面履行了全部废除与世贸规则不相匹配的国内法律、法规的承诺，给予了外国公司国民待遇。所有在华登记注册的外国公司都是中国企业。他们在中国的创新、生产和商业运营都与中国企业享受着同等待遇。中国政府为应对国际金融危机而出台的一揽子计划和相关政策措施也为包括外国公司在内的所有在华企业提供了良好的增长机会。
China will stay firmly committed to the basic state policy of opening-up.We will actively and effectively use foreign investment, improve its structure, diversify its form, and open up more channels and sectors so as to facilitate investment.China will continue to improve laws and regulations concerning foreign investment, strengthen IPR protection, promptly address the legitimate concerns of foreign companies and facilitate the growth of enterprises of all kinds in China by offering them a stable and transparent legal and policy environment, a consistent and open market environment as well as a standardized and efficient administrative environment.中国将坚定信守对外开放这一基本国策。我们将积极、有效地使用外资，改善外资结构，实现外商投资形式的多样性，开放更多渠道和领域以便利投资。中国将继续改善有关外商投资的法律和法规，加强知识产权保护，积极解决外国企业的合法关切，通过向所有在华企业提供稳定和透明的法律和政策环境、持续和开放的市场环境以及标准化和有效率的行政管理环境，来为这些企业的增长提供便利。
3.What lessons do you think can be drawn from the 2008 international financial crisis? What effective measures did China adopt to counter the impact of the crisis? 3.你认为能够从2008年国际金融危机中吸取什么教训？中国为应对这场危机的影响采取了什么有效措施？ A: This international financial crisis has reflected the absence of regulation in financial innovation.Its root cause lies in the serious defects of the existing financial system.They are mainly as follows: First, the international financial system has not kept up with the latest development of economic and financial globalization and was incapable of tackling the risks and challenges brought about by massive financial activities.Second, international financial institutions failed to fully reflect the changing status of developing countries in the world economy and finance.The global representativeness and enforcement capabilities of these institutions need to be further strengthened.Third, the international financial system was in serious shortage of resources and means to tackle the international financial crisis and its rescue capabilities need to be built up.答：这场国际金融危机反映了对金融创新缺乏监管。其根源在于现行金融体系的严重缺陷。这些缺陷主要如下：首先，国际金融体系跟不上经济和金融全球化的最新进展，没有能力应对大规模金融活动带来的风险和挑战。第二，国际金融机构未能全面反映发展中国家在世界经济和金融中不断变化的地位。这些机构的全球代表性和执行能力需要进一步加强。第三，国际金融体系应对国际性金融危机的资源和手段严重不足，这一体系的救援能力需要加强。
However, thanks to the concerted efforts of the international community and G-20 members, progress has been made in the reform of the international financial system over the past two years since the outbreak of the financial crisis.China hopes that the international community will work together to further advance the reform of the international financial system and move toward the establishment of a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international financial order.To achieve the long-term and sound growth of the world economy, we must not only address specific issues such as managing properly the relationship between the financial sector and the real economy, between financial innovation and financial supervision and regulation, and between consumption and saving, but also, and more importantly, review those fundamental problems in the world economy on a macro level.The most prominent problem in the world's economic imbalance today is the serious development imbalance between the North and the South.The international community should make concerted efforts to build a new and more equal and balanced global partnership for development and encourage developed and developing countries to have more mutual understanding and closer coordination, so as to promote the strong, sustainable and balanced development of the world economy.然而，得益于国际社会和20国集团成员国的协同努力，在此次金融危机爆发以来的两年中，国际金融体系的改革已经取得了进展。中国希望国际社会共同努力来进一步推进国际金融体系的改革，朝着建立一个公平、公正、具包容性及管理良好的国际金融秩序前进。为实现世界经济的长期、健康增长，我们必须不仅要正确处理好金融领域与实体经济之间的关系、金融创新与金融监管之间的关系、消费与储蓄之间的关系等具体问题，更重要的是，我们要在宏观层面审视那些世界经济的根本性问题。当今世界经济失衡最突出的问题是严重的南北发展不平衡。国际社会应该协同努力，在发展方面建立一种新的、更平等和均衡的全球伙伴关系，鼓励发达国家和发展中国家增进相互理解，密切相互合作，以促进世界经济的强劲、持续和均衡发展。
The international financial crisis has inflicted on China unprecedented difficulties and challenges.To address its impact and maintain the steady and relatively fast growth of the economy, China quickly adjusted its macroeconomic policies, resolutely adopted the proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy, put in place a package plan to boost domestic demand and stimulate economic growth, significantly increased government investment, implemented industrial readjustment and reinvigoration plans on a large scale, energetically promoted scientific innovation and technological upgrading, raised social welfare benefits by a substantial margin and introduced a more active employment policy.As a result, our economy in 2009 and 2010 maintained steady and relatively fast growth and contributed to the economic recovery of the region and the world.Looking ahead, China will take scientific development as the main theme and focus on transforming the economic development pattern at a faster pace.We will implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, speed up economic restructuring, vigorously strengthen indigenous innovation, make good progress in energy conservation and pollution reduction, continue to deepen reform and opening-up, work hard to ensure and improve people's livelihood, build on the achievements in addressing the international financial crisis, maintain steady and relatively fast economic growth, and promote social stability and harmony.China will pursue the win-win strategy of opening-up and stands ready to work with the United States and the international community as a whole to intensify practical cooperation, properly handle various risks and challenges, and make greater contribution to the overall recovery of the world economy.这场国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。为解决其影响并保持经济的稳定及相对快速增长，中国迅速调整了宏观经济政策，坚定采取了积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，推出了一揽子促进国内消费和刺激经济增长的计划，大幅增加了政府投资，实施了大规模的产业调整和振兴计划，大力促进科学创新和技术升级，大规模提高了社会福利，实施了更加积极的就业政策。其结果是，中国经济在2009年和2010年保持了稳定和相对快速的增长，并为地区和世界的经济复苏做出了贡献。展望未来，中国将把科学发展作为主题，致力于加快转变经济增长方式。我们将实施积极的财政政策和审慎的货币政策，加快经济结构改革，大力加强自主创新，在节能和降低污染方面取得明显进步，继续深化改革开放，努力保障和改善民生，在解决国际金融危机方面巩固成果，保持稳定和相对快速的经济增长，促进社会稳定与和谐。中国将追求开放的双赢战略，准备与美国和国际社会一道加强合作，正确处理各种危机和挑战，为世界经济的全面复苏做出更大贡献。
4.What do you think will be the U.S.dollar's future role in the world? How do you see the issue of making the RMB an international currency? Some think that RMB appreciation may curb China's inflation, what's your view on that? 4.你认为未来美元将在世界上扮演什么角色？你如何看待人民币国际化问题？一些人认为人民币升值或能抑制中国的通胀，对此你有何看法？ A: The current international currency system is the product of the past.As a major reserve currency, the U.S.dollar is used in considerable amount of global trade in commodities as well as in most of the investment and financial transactions.The monetary policy of the United States has a major impact on global liquidity and capital flows and therefore, the liquidity of the U.S.dollar should be kept at a reasonable and stable level.答：当前的国际货币体系是历史产物。作为主要的储备货币，美元被用于大量全球大宗商品贸易以及大多数投资和金融交易。美国的货币政策对全球流动性和资本流动有着重大影响，正因如此，美元的流动性应当保持在合理而稳定的水平。
It takes a long time for a country's currency to be widely accepted in the world.China has made important contribution to the world economy in terms of total economic output and trade, and the RMB has played a role in the world economic development.But making the RMB an international currency will be a fairly long process.The ongoing pilot programs for RMB settlement of cross-border trade and investment transactions are a concrete step that China has taken to respond to the international financial crisis, with the purpose of promoting trade and investment facilitation.They fit in well with market demand as evidenced by the rapidly expanding scale of these transactions.一个国家的货币在全球范围内被广泛接受需要很长时间。中国在总的经济产出和贸易方面为世界经济做出了重大贡献，人民币也在世界经济发展过程中发挥了作用。但人民币国际化将会是相当长的过程。正在进行的人民币跨境贸易结算和投资交易试点是中国为应对国际金融危机而采取的一个有力步骤，目的在于促进贸易和协助投资。这类交易的规模迅速扩大证明了它们非常符合市场需求。
China has adopted a package plan to curb inflation, including interest rate adjustment.We have adopted a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies.Changes in exchange rate are a result of multiple factors, including the balance of international payment and market supply and demand.In this sense, inflation can hardly be the main factor in determining the exchange rate policy.中国采取了一揽子抑制通胀的计划，包括调整利率。我们采取了以市场供求为依据、参考一篮子货币的有管理的浮动汇率制。汇率的变化是国际收支平衡和市场供求等多种因素共同作用的结果。从这个意义上说，通胀很难说是决定汇率政策的主要因素。
5.How do you comment on China's achievements in economic and social development in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period? Is there a risk that inflation in China could get out of control? Is China's political reform keeping up with the steps of its economic reform? 5.你如何评价中国“十一五”期间在经济和社会发展方面的成就？中国的通胀是否有失控的风险？中国的政治改革是否与经济改革步伐一致？
A: The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period was a truly eventful one in the course of China's development.Facing the complex changes at home and abroad and the major risks and challenges, we adhered to the Scientific Outlook on Development, strengthened and improved macro-regulation, gave full play to the basic role of market in resources allocation, took proactive steps to curb the unstable and unhealthy factors in the economic operation, and maintained steady and relatively fast growth of the national economy and social stability and harmony.答：“十一五”期间确实是中国发展过程中一个多事的阶段。面对国内外形势的复杂变化以及种种重大风险和挑战，我们坚持科学发展观，强化和改善了宏观调控，充分发挥市场在资源配置方面的基本作用，提前采取措施抑制经济运行中不稳定和不健康的因素，并保持了国民经济稳定和相对快速增长以及社会的稳定与和谐。
In the past five years, China's GDP is expected to have grown at an average annual rate of 11% and per capita GDP is expected to have reached US$4,000.Agricultural development accelerated and grain output increased on a continuous basis.Important progress was made in economic restructuring.Development of different regions became more balanced.Urbanization and development of the new countryside was steadily advanced.Good progress was achieved in energy conservation and pollution reduction.And foreign trade enjoyed stable and relatively fast growth.While developing the economy, we continued to put people's interests first and paid more attention to developing social programs and improving people's livelihood.Per capita incomes of urban and rural residents are estimated to have risen at an average annual rate of over 9.3% and around 8% respectively in the past five years.Population below poverty line in the rural areas was noticeably reduced.Education, social security, health care and other social programs developed more rapidly.In short, remarkable achievements have been made in China's socialist economic, political, cultural and social development and in the building of a conservation culture.At the same time, we are keenly aware that China is still the largest developing country in the world and we need to make long and hard efforts if we are to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and basically achieve modernization.过去五年，估计中国GDP平均每年增长了11%，人均GDP达到了4,000美元。农业发展增速，粮食产量持续增加。经济结构改革取得了重大进展。不同地区的发展更为平衡。城市化和新农村建设稳步推进。节能减排也取得了良好的进展。对外贸易稳定、较快地增长。在发展经济的同时，我们继续将人民的利益放在第一位，更加注重开展社会工程和提高人民生活水平。过去五年，城市居民人均收入每年以逾9.3%的速度增长，农村居民人均收入每年增长约8%。农村地区处于贫困线以下的人口显著下降。教育、社会保障、医疗及其他社会系统更快发展。简言之，中国的社会主义经济、政治、文化和社会发展以及生态文明的建设都取得了卓越的成就。与此同时，我们也强烈地认识到，中国仍是世界上最大的发展中国家，要建设一个在各方面实现中等繁荣的社会、基本实现现代化，我们还需要进行长时间的艰苦努力。
The rise of the overall price level has a very strong structural feature, yet it is on the whole moderate and controllable.There is a basic balance between total supply and total demand, and the material basis is strong enough to maintain market supply and stabilize the overall price level.We have the confidence, conditions and ability to stabilize the overall price level.总体物价水平的上升有着很强的结构性，但基本上还是温和可控的。总的供求关系基本平衡，物质基础也足以维持市场供应、稳定总体物价水平。我们有信心、有条件、也有能力稳定总体物价水平。
We have always maintained that people's democracy is the life of socialism.Without democracy, there can be no socialist modernization.To develop socialist democracy is a goal we have always been committed to.China's reform is a comprehensive one, covering economic restructuring, political restructuring, cultural restructuring and social restructuring.In the past 30-plus years since reform and opening-up, notable progress has been made in China's political restructuring.The fact that China has enjoyed sustained, rapid economic growth and social stability and harmony proves that China's political system fits China's national conditions and meets the requirement of overall economic and social development.我们一直坚持，人民民主是社会主义的生命。没有民主就没有社会主义现代化。建设社会主义民主政治是我们一直坚持的目标。中国的改革是全面的，涉及经济结构改革、政治体制改革、文化结构改革和社会结构改革。改革开放30年来，中国政治体制改革取得了显著进展。中国实现了持续、快速的经济增长和社会稳定和谐，这一事实证明了中国的政治制度符合中国国情，也符合整体经济和社会发展的需要。
Political restructuring must deepen in the course of economic and social development and meet people's growing enthusiasm for participating in political affairs.The political restructuring we pursue in China is aimed at advancing the self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.We will continue to expand people's democracy and build a socialist country under the rule of law in keeping with China's national conditions.We will ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the lawful rights and interests of the people are safeguarded.We will define the institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy, expand people's orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, mobilize and organize the people as extensively as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law, and strive for continued progress in building socialist political civilization.政治体制改革必须在经济和社会发展的过程中深化，并满足人民群众日益高涨的参与政治事务的热情。我们在中国进行的政治体制改革旨在推进社会主义政治制度的自我改进和发展。我们将继续扩大人民民主，遵照符合中国国情的原则建设一个社会主义国家。我们会确保政府的所有工作都以法律为依据，捍卫人民的合法权益。我们会明确社会主义民主政治的机构、标准和程序，让人民全方位地有序参与各级、各领域的政治事务，尽可能广泛地动员和组织民众依法管理国家和社会事务以及经济和文化项目，并为社会主义政治文明取得持续发展而奋斗。
6.China stated it is committed to peaceful development.But in the past year, China has become more assertive.Do you think this will affect China's relations with the United States and neighbors in Asia? 6.中国表示要坚持和平发展。但过去一年，中国变得更加强硬。你认为这是否会影响中国与美国以及亚洲邻国的关系？
A: To follow the path of peaceful development is a solemn commitment of the Chinese government and people to the international community.It is a policy that we will always adhere to.Specifically, it means that we will achieve national development by our hard and creative work, by reforming and improving our institutions, and by maintaining friendship and mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries.答：坚持和平发展之路是中国政府和人民对国际社会做出的庄严承诺。这是我们一贯坚持的政策。具体地说，它意味着我们会通过自己艰苦而富有创造性的努力、通过改革和改善我们的制度、通过与其他国家保持友好互惠的合作关系而实现国家的发展。
China has been committed to the independent foreign policy of peace and has developed friendship and cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries.Like other countries in the world, China must uphold its own sovereignty, territorial integrity and development interests.At the same time, we are willing to properly handle differences and disagreements in state-to-state relations in accordance with the basic norms governing international relations and the principle of mutual understanding, mutual accommodation, dialogue and consultation.中国一贯坚持独立和平的外交政策，在和平共处五项原则的基础上与所有国家发展友谊和进行合作。我们坚持国与国之间的平等和相互尊重。与世界上其他国家一样，中国必须保持自身主权、领土的完整以及发展的利益。与此同时，我们愿意依照处理国际关系的基本准则和相互理解、相互支持、相互对话和磋商的原则，来正确处理国家关系中的异见和分歧。
Over the years, relations between China and other Asia-Pacific countries, including the United States and our Asian neighbors, have grown steadily, and together we have contributed to development in the Asia-Pacific region.Mutual trust between China and other countries in this region has deepened in our common response to tough challenges, and our cooperation has continuously expanded in our pursuit of mutual benefit and win-win outcomes.At present, relations between China and other Asia-Pacific countries face unprecedented opportunities.China is ready to work with other countries to seize opportunities, meet challenges and promote peace and development in the region and beyond.多年来，中国和其他亚太地区国家（包括美国和亚洲邻国）之间的关系稳定发展，共同为亚太地区的发展做出了贡献。中国与该地区其他国家在共同应对艰难危机的过程中深化了相互之间的信任，同时也在追求互惠、双赢结果的过程中不断扩大合作。当前，中国和其他亚太国家之间的关系面临着前所未所的机遇。中国愿意与其他国家携手合作，抓住机遇、面对挑战，促进地区乃至全球的和平与发展。
7.What is China's view on the tension on the Korean peninsula? Does China believe that reunification of the Korean peninsula will bring more stability than maintaining the status quo? How do you view North Korea's goal of building nuclear weapons? 7.中国如何看待朝鲜半岛的紧张形势？中国是否认为朝鲜半岛统一会比保持现状更有利于稳定？你如何看待朝鲜发展核武器的目标？
A: There was high tension on the Korean peninsula a few weeks ago.China maintained close contact and coordination with other parties and made relentless efforts to help ease the tension and maintain peace and stability on the peninsula.We urged the North and the South to be calm and exercise restraint, refrain from any action which might escalate tension and undermine peace and stability on the peninsula, and enter into dialogue and contact as quickly as possible to seek an appropriate solution.We also called on relevant parties to work to ease tension and contribute to peace and stability on the peninsula.Thanks to joint efforts by China and other parties, there have been signs of relaxation.We hope that the relevant parties will seize the opportunity to engage in active interactions, resume the process of dialogue and consultation as soon as possible, and ensure that the situation on the peninsula will move forward in a positive direction.答：几周前朝鲜半岛局势高度紧张。中国与其他各方保持了密切联系与协作，并做出了不懈的努力以帮助缓和紧张形势，维护朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定。我们敦促朝韩双方保持冷静和克制，避免任何可能加剧紧张、破坏半岛和平与稳定的行动，并尽快进行对话和接触，以达成适当的解决方案。我们也呼吁相关各方采取行动缓解紧张形势，为朝鲜半岛的和平稳定做出贡献。由于中国和其他各方的携手努力，形势已经出现了一些缓和迹象。我们希望相关各方抓住这个机会进行积极的互动，尽快重启对话和磋商，并确保朝鲜半岛局势朝着积极方向发展。
As a close neighbor and friend of both the DPRK and the ROK, China hopes that the North and the South will improve relations and achieve reconciliation and cooperation through dialogue and consultation and eventually realize independent and peaceful reunification, and we support their efforts in this regard.This is in the fundamental interests of both the North and the South and conducive to peace and stability on the peninsula.作为朝韩双方的近邻和朋友，中国希望朝韩改善关系，通过对话和磋商实现和解与合作，并最终实现独立和平的重新统一，我们支持朝韩在这方面的努力。这符合朝韩双方的根本利益，也有利于朝鲜半岛的和平稳定。
China pays a great deal of attention to the Korean nuclear issue.We stand for achieving denuclearization of the peninsula in a peaceful way through dialogue and consultation to maintain peace and stability of the peninsula and Northeast Asia.For this purpose, China actively advocates and promotes the Six-Party Talks process.We hope that proceeding from the overall interests of the denuclearization of the peninsula and regional peace and stability, the parties concerned will take active measures and create conditions for the resumption of the Six-Party Talks.I am convinced that as long as the parties respect each other, engage in consultation on an equal footing, and implement the September 19 Joint Statement in a comprehensive and balanced way through the Six-Party Talks, they will arrive at an appropriate solution to the Korean nuclear issue and contribute to lasting peace and stability on the peninsula and in Northeast Asia.中国十分关注朝鲜核问题。我们支持通过对话和磋商，以和平方式实现朝鲜半岛无核化，以维护半岛及东北亚的和平与稳定。为了这一目标，中国积极提倡和促进六方会谈。我们希望，有关各方能够从半岛无核化以及地区和平稳定的总体利益出发，采取积极措施，为重启六方会谈创造条件。我相信只要各方相互尊重，在平等的基础上进行磋商，并通过六方会谈全面、平衡地实施“919共同声明”，就会在朝鲜核问题上达成适当的解决方案，并促进朝鲜半岛及东北亚的持久和平与稳定。
共同增进各国人民福祉
——中国国家主席胡锦涛2011年新年贺词
2010年12月31日
Promoting the wellbeing of the world's people together--2011 New Year Speech delivered by Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
December 31, 2010 女士们，先生们，同志们、朋友们，Ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends, 新年钟声即将敲响，人类就要进入2011年。在这辞旧迎新的美好时刻，我很高兴通过中国国际广播电台、中央人民广播电台和中央电视台，向全国各族人民，向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，向世界各国的朋友们，致以新年的祝福！
The New Year's bell is about to ring, and 2011 will soon begin.At this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television, I am delighted to extend New Year greetings to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world!2010年，对中国人民来说是很不平凡的一年。面对国际国内环境的复杂变化，中国人民团结一心、开拓前进，成功举办上海世博会、广州亚运会，战胜青海玉树强烈地震、甘肃舟曲特大山洪泥石流等重大自然灾害，保持经济平稳较快发展，着力提高人民生活水平和质量，胜利实现“十一五”规划确定的目标任务，经济实力和综合国力进一步增强。中国加强同各国的友好合作，积极参与应对国际金融危机、气候变化、核安全等问题的国际合作，发挥建设性作用，为促进世界和平与发展作出了新的贡献。
The year of 2010 has been a very unusual and uncommon one for the Chinese people.Facing difficult domestic and international situations, Chinese people of all ethnic groups united in one heart and one mind, with perseverance, successfully dealt with the disasters brought about by the Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province and the Zhouqu mudslide in Gansu Province.We successfully held Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games.We maintained a stable and relatively fast economic growth, and successfully completed the goals set up in the 11th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development.The living standard of the Chinese people has been further improved.The economic strength and the overall national strength have been further strengthened.The Chinese people conducted friendly exchanges and pragmatic cooperation with the rest of the world, actively participated in efforts by the international community to deal with the global financial crisis, climate change, and nuclear safety, and made further contributions to world peace and development.在这里，我谨代表中国政府和人民，向今年以来在各方面给予我们大力支持的各国政府和人民，表示衷心的 感谢！
Here on behalf of the Chinese government and people, I would like to express the most sincere thanks to the governments and people of all the countries that have supported us in the past year!2011年是中国进入“十二五”时期的开局之年。在新的一年里，中国人民将继续高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表” 重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加快推进经济结构调整，着力保障和改善民生，不断深化改革开放，保持经济平稳较快发展，促进社会和谐稳定。我们将坚持“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，紧紧依靠广大香港同胞、澳门同胞，努力保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。我们将坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的方针，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展主题，继续推进两岸交流合作，不断造福两岸同胞。
The year 2011 marks the beginning of China's implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development.In the upcoming year, we will unswervingly uphold the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, deepen the implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, pursue a path of scientific development, accelerate the change of development mode and structural adjustment, and maintain a proactive fiscal and stable monetary policy.We will pay more attention to deepening the reform and opening up and further improving people's welfare.We will make overall plans to guarantee a stable and relatively fast economic growth and social harmony and stability.We will uphold the principles of “one country, two systems”, “Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong” and “Macao people governing Macao” with a high degree of autonomy.We will work together with our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao to maintain long-term prosperity and stability in the two Special Administrative Regions.We will adhere to the Principles of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”, and firmly grasp the theme of cross-Straits relations and peaceful development, strengthen the cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation, and bring continuous well-being to compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.当前，世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，科技创新孕育新突破，但世界经济复苏进程仍将艰难曲折，气候变化、能源资源安全、粮食安全、公共卫生安全等全球性问题更加突出，国际和地区热点问题此起彼伏，世界和平与发展面临的机遇和挑战都前所未有。加强国际合作，携手应对人类共同面临的严峻挑战，符合各国人民共同利益。借此机会，我愿重申，中国将继续高举和平、发展、合作旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，在和平共处五项原则的基础上积极发展同各国的友好交往和互利合作，积极参与应对全球性问题的国际合作，继续同各国人民一道推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
At present, the world is moving further towards multi-polarity and globalization while the innovation of science an technology is brewing new breakthroughs.But, at the same time, the recovery of world economy is still facing many hardships;global issues such as climate change, energy, resources, food and public sanitary security are prominent;and international and regional hot spots are popping up.World peace and development face grave challenges.To strengthen global cooperation and meet the challenges in a joint way is to the best interest of the people of all countries.I would like to take this opportunity to reaffirm that China will uphold the banner of peace, development and cooperation and adhere to an independent and peaceful foreign policy.We will unswervingly take the road of peaceful development and implement a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit and win-win situation, actively develop friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, actively participate in efforts by the international community to deal with the global issues, and strive to build a harmonious world with lasting peace and common prosperity.此时此刻，世界上还有不少民众经受着战火、贫困、疾病、自然灾害等带来的苦难。中国人民对他们的不幸遭遇抱着深深的同情，衷心希望他们早日摆脱困境。中国人民将一如既往向他们提供力所能及的帮助。我相信，只要各国人民携手努力，世界发展前景一定会更加美好，各国人民福祉一定会不断增进。
At this moment on this planet we inhabit, there are still people who are suffering the effects of war, poverty, sickness and natural disasters.The Chinese people have great sympathy for their pain, and are always willing to do all we can to help them overcome the difficulties.I believe, with sustained efforts of people of all countries, the world is sure to progress, and humanity's well-being is certain to improve.最后，我从北京祝大家在新的一年里幸福安康！
Finally, from here in Beijing, I would like to wish you all happiness, peace and health in the New Year!2010年圣诞节英女王的圣诞讲话中，提到了运动的重要性，指出体育中的团队精神能有效促进社会团结，竞争和奋斗精神也能帮助人们，尤其是残疾人，增强信心和体魄。
Over 400 years ago King James VI of Scotland inherited the throne of England at a time when the Christian church was deeply divided.Here at Hampton Court in 1604, he convened a conference of churchmen of all shades of opinion to discuss the future of Christianity in this country.The king agreed to commission a new translation of the bible that was acceptable to all parties.This was to become the King James, or Authorized, Bible, which next year will be exactly four centuries old.Acknowledged as a masterpiece of English prose and the most vivid translation of the scriptures, the glorious language of this bible has survived the turbulence of history and given many of us the most widely recognised and beautiful descriptions of the birth of Jesus Christ which we celebrate today.The King James Bible was a major co-operative endeavour that required the efforts of dozens of the day's leading scholars.The whole enterprise was guided by an interest in reaching agreement for the wider benefit of the Christian church, and to bring harmony to the kingdoms of England and Scotland.Four hundred years later, it is as important as ever to build communities and create harmony, and one of the most powerful ways of doing this is through sport and games.During this past year of abundant sporting events, I have seen for myself just how important sport is in bringing people together from all backgrounds, from all walks of life and from all age groups.In the parks of towns and cities, and on village greens up and down the country, countless thousands of people every week give up their time to participate in sport and exercise of all sorts, or simply encourage others to do so.These kinds of activity are common throughout the world and play a part in providing a different perspective on life.Apart from developing physical fitness, sport and games can also teach vital social skills.None can be enjoyed without abiding by the rules, and no team can hope to succeed without co-operation between the players.This sort of positive team spirit can benefit communities, companies and enterprises of all kinds.As the success of recent Paralympics bears witness, a love of sport also has the power to help rehabilitate.One only has to think of the injured men and women of the Armed Forces to see how an interest in games and sport can speed recovery and renew a sense of purpose, enjoyment and comradeship.Right around the world, people gather to compete under standard rules and, in most cases, in a spirit of friendly rivalry.Competitors know that, to succeed, they must respect their opponents;very often, they like each other too.Sportsmen and women often speak of the enormous pride they have in representing their country, a sense of belonging to a wider family.We see this vividly at the Commonwealth Games, for example, which is known to many as the Friendly Games and where I am sure you have noticed that it is always the competitors from the smallest countries who receive the loudest cheers.People are capable of belonging to many communities, including a religious faith.King James may not have anticipated quite how important sport and games were to become in promoting harmony and common interests.But from the scriptures in the bible which bears his name, we know that nothing is more satisfying than the feeling of belonging to a group who are dedicated to helping each other: Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.I wish you, and all those whom you love and care for, a very happy Christmas.Remarks to “United Nations Academic Impact for a Better World” conference
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon November 1, 2010 Shanghai 在学术影响力国际研讨会上的讲话
联合国秘书长 潘基文 2010年11月1日，上海 Vice Minister Hao Ping, Vice Mayor [of Shanghai City] Shen Xiaoming, Dr Pei Gang [of Tong Ji University], Mr Zhou Zhengkuan.Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, 尊敬的教育部副部长郝平，上海市副市长沈晓明，同济大学裴钢教授，各位阁下，女士们，先生们：
Thank you for your welcome.It is good to see so many distinguished representatives of the academic community, government officials and the private sector.Thank you for coming together in support of the United Nations Academic Impact.China, and the city of Shanghai, is a fitting place for us to join forces.Innovation and change are all around us.感谢各位的热烈欢迎!很高兴能见到这么多来自学术界的人士、政府官员和私营部门的代表。感谢各位的光临，以及各位对“学术影响力研讨会”的支持。中国尤其是中国的上海是我们携手合作的理想地点。
At every turn, we see cutting edge ideas and technology … born perhaps in a college laboratory or a library… through the spark of a professor…the curiosity of a student…the dynamism of a classroom.Last year, I visited a state-of-the-art solar facility in Xi'an.I saw energy efficiency technologies that will help us to tackle climate change.But I saw something more: a mutually reinforcing partnership between global and national purpose, a melding of scholarship and entrepreneurship in the service of humankind.我们的周围时刻发生着变化，产生着新发明。无论在校园实验室里，还是在大学图书馆中，教授们的思想火花，学生们的好奇善问，课堂的活力互动常常孕育出最前沿的理念与技术。去年，我去西安参观了中国最先进的太阳能设备。那里的节能技术将有利于我们更好地应对气候变化。但是，我也从中发现了更多的讯息：中国正与国际加强双方伙伴关系，将学术知识与企业家精神相融合，以更好地为人类服务。
Yesterday, I was honoured to take part in the closing of the Shanghai Expo.Before that I visited some of the remarkable pavilions.More than 70 million visitors witnessed an extraordinary display of ingenuity from China and the world.The Shanghai Expo may now be history, but we can carry on its spirit of openness, dialogue and exchange with the world.That is what draws us together.And that is what China itself has made a high priority.It plans to dramatically strengthen its education system at all levels.昨天，我很荣幸地出席了上海世博会的闭幕式。在此之前，我访问了许多场馆，给我留下了深刻的印象。世博会开放期间，超过7000万的参观者通过场馆目睹了中国以及世界其他国家卓越的技艺和精巧的构思。上海世博会也许已经成为历史，但是我们可以继续发扬其开放的精神，对话的精神，加强与世界的交流。也正是这些精神，使我们相聚在一起。中国，也在积极地追求这些精神。中国计划全面完善地加强其教育体系。
The United Nations understands the enormous impact of scholarship, innovation and ideas.We are trying to harness that great power to build a better world… A world where human ingenuity will make our homes, communities and consumption patterns socially and environmentally sustainable.A world where research receives the funding and support it needs to defeat disease, deprivation and despair.A world where the ―unlearning‖ of intolerance will bridge barriers that still divide nations and peoples.联合国十分清楚知识、创新和理念的巨大作用。我们正努力利用这些巨大的能量来建造一个更美好的世界。在这个世界里，人类的聪明才智将发挥作用，我们将建造新型的家园、社区，使用社会可持续发展和环境可持续发展的消费模式。在这里，人们将投入更多的资金，加大对研究的支持，努力消除贫困，减少饥饿，增强信心。在这里，人们将更加宽容，分割不同国家与民族之间的壁垒将减少。
Promoting and advancing these goals is the essence of the United Nations Academic Impact.We have been laying the groundwork for this initiative for some time now, with great support from the academic community.Later this month, we will launch it officially at United Nations headquarters in New York.本届学术影响力国际研讨会的核心便是推动这些目标的实现。为了促成这个项目的展开，在学术界的支持下，我们已经作了一些时日的准备工作，奠定了基础。本月末，我们将在联合国总部纽约正式举办这个活动。It will help serve as a clearing house to better match academic innovation with particular areas of work of the United Nations – neglected areas of research, countries in need of specific help, research that will help deliver concrete change on the ground, and the best ideas to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015.将学术创新与联合国工作的特定领域（却被研究忽视的领域），与需要特殊援助的相关国家，与能产生具体变化的研究，与实现2015年千年发展目标的最好方式相结合，起到了“结算中心”的作用。
I am encouraged by the support demonstrated here.I have high hopes for what the initiative – and all of us – can do together in the future.Of course, the UN and the academic community already enjoy a strong partnership.Academic Impact will deepen it further for the twenty-first century.在这里，大家的支持使我倍受鼓舞。我对这个项目，对所有人都寄予厚望，我们在未来可以携手合作，共同面对。当然，联合国与学术界已经建立了强有力的伙伴关系。“学术影响力”将在21世纪进一步加深这一关系。
We know about corporate social responsibility in the business world.The Academic Impact aims to generate a global movement of minds to promote a new culture of ―intellectual social responsibility.‖
我们了解商界企业的社会责任是什么。“学术影响力 ”旨在通过创立全球论坛，集合最有智慧的思想，支持“知识社会责任”的新文化建设。
It is animated by a commitment to certain bedrock principles.Among them: freedom of inquiry, opinion and speech … educational opportunity for all…global citizenship … sustainability … and dialogue.对一些基本原则的坚持，则使其更具活力。这些原则包括：提出询问的自由，发表言论与观点的自由，所有人获得教育的权利，全球公民身份的获得，可持续发展和发展对话。
I welcome your ideas on how we can make the most of this initiative.欢迎各位提出你们的意见，使我们这项活动办的更好。Ladies and Gentlemen,女士们，先生们，This week, the eminent Shanghai-born physicist, Dr.Charles Kao, celebrates his 77th birthday.We salute one of the fathers of applied science, recognized around the world for his achievements in the field of optical communication.Dr.Kao once said, ―Optical communication is not just a technical advance, it will continue to change the way people learn, the way they live and relate to each other, as well as the way they work.‖ I believe Dr.Kao‘s observation can be applied more broadly to all human knowledge, innovation and discovery.Scholarship – and a commitment to the academic freedom that underlies it – will continue to drive the ideas and energy that will change our world for good.本周，上海籍著名物理学家高锟迎来了他77岁的寿辰。我们祝福他，这位应用科学之父、被全世界公认的光纤领域科学家。高教授曾经说：“光纤通讯并不仅仅只是科技上的成就，它可以改变人们学习的方式、生活的方式、交流的方式和工作的方式。我认为，高教授的成就可以被更广泛地应用于人类所有知识、创新与发现。而学术——和保障学术自由这一基础——将继续增强我们的力量，为我们提供方法，来永远地改变这个世界。
The United Nations stands ready to be an active partner with you in ensuring that your knowledge, skills and scholarship advance our universal goals of peace, development and human rights.Thank you for coming together in support of these noble goals.联合国愿意积极与各位合作，确保你们的知识、技能、学识能够得到应用，推动实现维护和平、促进发展和保障人权的共同目标。感谢各位前来，共同支持这些崇高目标的实现。
Together, we can help ensure that the impact of your academic work can have maximum impact on our world.如果我们携手合作，你们的学术工作可以对全世界产生最大的影响。
共同发展 共享繁荣
——在亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的演讲
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 2010年11月13日，日本横滨
Towards Common Development and Shared Prosperity
Speech by H.E.Hu Jintao
President of the People's Republic of China
At APEC CEO Summit 2010 Yokohama, 13 November 2010
尊敬的米仓弘昌主席，女士们，先生们，朋友们： Chairman Hiromasa Yonekura, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, 非常高兴同亚太工商界的朋友们相聚在美丽的港口城市横滨，围绕“亚太新兴市场国家”这一主题交换看法。I am delighted to meet you, friends from the Asia-Pacific business community, in the beautiful port city of Yokohama and exchange views with you on the topic of “Emerging Markets in the Asia Pacific”.越来越多新兴市场国家快速发展，是21世纪国际政治经济发展中的突出现象。新兴市场国家顺应经济全球化深入发展和国际产业分工转移的趋势，根据本国国情，调整和完善经济发展战略，形成了各具特色的经济发展道路和发展模式。新兴市场国家发展动力强劲、发展可持续性强，逐渐成为世界经济增长的重要引擎。特别是在应对国际金融危机的过程中，新兴市场国家率先实现经济复苏并保持较快增长，为促进世界经济复苏发挥了重要作用，在国际舞台上的作用日益受到各方关注。
The rapid development of more and more emerging markets is a salient feature of the international political and economic landscape in the 21st century.In keeping with the trend toward economic globalization and industrial relocation, emerging markets have adjusted and improved economic development strategies in the light of their national circumstances and embraced economic development paths and models with distinctive features.With robust and sustained development, they have become an important engine driving world economic growth.In the fight against the international financial crisis, emerging markets were the first to achieve an economic rebound and fairly rapid growth and played an important part in promoting world economic recovery.Countries across the world are now paying greater attention to the role of the emerging markets on the international stage.亚太地区聚集了诸多新兴市场国家，其发展和未来走向对亚太地区乃至世界具有重要影响。这次亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会以“亚太新兴市场国家”为主题展开讨论，具有重要现实意义。我愿借此机会谈几点看法。
There are many emerging markets in the Asia-Pacific region.Their development and their future will have a major impact not only on the Asia Pacific, but also the whole world.It is therefore highly relevant for this CEO summit to choose “Emerging Markets in the Asia Pacific” as the theme of discussion.I wish to take this opportunity to share with you the following observations.第一，亚太新兴市场国家为世界发展作出重要贡献，将继续提供巨大发展机遇。亚太新兴市场国家快速发展，直接改变了许多国家和地区的落后面貌，改善了亿万人民生活，为缩小发展差距、减少贫困人口、实现联合国千年发展目标作出重要贡献。亚太新兴市场国家积极参与国际经贸合作，供应大量能源和原材料，为其他国家发展提供了充足资源；出口物美价廉的工业制成品，为各国提供了丰富多样的商品；进口大量商品和服务，为世界经济增长提供了市场和动力；吸纳巨额外资，为国际资本流动提供了重要目的地。亚太新兴市场国家将在资源、产品、市场、资本等方面为世界经济发展创造更多机遇。国际社会应该同亚太新兴市场国家一道努力，抓住机遇，挖掘潜力，促进各国共同发展繁荣。
First, Asia-Pacific emerging markets have made important contribution to world development and will continue to offer enormous development opportunities.The rapid development of emerging markets in our region has changed the state of backwardness in many countries and regions and improved the lives of hundreds of millions of people.It has contributed significantly to the endeavor to narrow development gaps, reduce poverty and attain the UN Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).The Asia-Pacific emerging markets have actively engaged in international business cooperation.By supplying a huge amount of energy and raw materials, they have provided sufficient resources for the development of other countries.By exporting quality yet inexpensive manufactured products, they have offered a rich variety of goods to other markets.By importing goods and services on a large scale, they have provided market and dynamism for world economic growth.And by attracting vast foreign direct investment, they have made themselves major destinations for international capital flow.Looking ahead, emerging markets in the Asia Pacific will offer even more opportunities for world economic development in terms of resources, goods, market and capital.The international community should work with them to seize opportunities, tap the potential and promote the common development and prosperity of all countries.32 第二，亚太新兴市场国家发展迅速，但仍面临诸多艰巨挑战。我们应该看到，虽然亚太新兴市场国家发展取得显著成就，但生产力总体水平不高，自主创新能力有待加强，长期形成的结构性矛盾和粗放型增长方式尚未根本改变。亚太新兴市场国家普遍面临着发展经济、改善民生的艰巨任务，面临着工业化、城镇化、现代化的崭新课题，面临着促进城乡、区域、经济社会协调发展的重大挑战，面临着健全制度体系、提升创新能力等紧迫问题。亚太新兴市场国家在实现全面发展方面仍有很长的路要走，还需要长期艰苦努力。国际社会应该用全面、客观、历史的眼光看待亚太新兴市场国家发展，在认可其发展成就的同时，全面看待和充分理解其面临的困难和挑战。
Second, Asia-Pacific emerging markets still face many daunting challenges despite their rapid development.We must recognize that although emerging markets in our region have scored remarkable achievements in development, the overall level of their productivity is not high and their ability for innovation is not strong.They are confronted with structural problems accumulated over the years and their extensive growth model is yet to be changed in a fundamental way.For them, developing the economy and improving people's livelihood remains an arduous task and achieving industrialization, urbanization and modernization is an unprecedented endeavor.They must meet the major challenge of ensuring coordinated development between urban and rural areas, among different regions and between the economic sector and the social sector.And they have a pressing need to improve their institutions and enhance their innovation capabilities.In short, they still have a long way to go before they can achieve comprehensive development and they must make sustained and strenuous efforts.The international community should view the development of Asia-Pacific emerging markets in a holistic and objective way and put it in a historical perspective.While acknowledging their development achievements, the international community must fully appreciate their difficulties and challenges.第三，亚太新兴市场国家积极应对全球性挑战，承担的国际责任应该与其发展阶段相适应。亚太新兴市场国家作为国际社会重要成员，积极和建设性参与国际合作，同各方一道应对国际金融危机、气候变化、能源资源安全、公共卫生安全、重大自然灾害等全球性挑战。亚太新兴市场国家积极参与南南合作，帮助其他发展中国家加快发展，为国际发展事业、促进各国共同发展作出贡献。同时，我们也应该看到，亚太新兴市场国家自身仍处于发展的初级阶段，其能力和资源等有限，要求他们承担超出能力和发展阶段的责任和义务，不但无助于国际合作和世界经济发展，反而将损害亚太新兴市场国家发展。国际社会应该鼓励亚太新兴市场国家立足自身国情、发展阶段和水平，承担力所能及的国际责任。
Third, Asia-Pacific emerging markets have actively responded to global challenges and the international responsibilities they undertake should be commensurate with their development stage.As important members of the international community, the Asia-Pacific emerging markets have taken an active and constructive part in international cooperation and worked with various parties to counter such global challenges as the international financial crisis, climate change, energy and resources security, public health security and serious natural disasters.They have been energetically engaged in South-South cooperation, helping other developing countries speed up development and contributing to the cause of international development and the common development of all countries.We must remember, however, that the Asia-Pacific emerging markets are still at the primary stage of development, and both their capabilities and resources are limited.To ask them to take on responsibilities and obligations beyond their capabilities and development stage will do no good to international cooperation and world economic development.It can only damage the development of Asia-Pacific emerging markets.The international community should encourage emerging markets in the Asia Pacific to assume international responsibilities on the basis of their capabilities, national circumstances and stage and level of development.第四，国际社会应该完善国际经济金融体系，为亚太新兴市场国家同各国共同发展营造良好环境。现行国际经济金融体系对亚太新兴市场国家发展发挥了积极作用。同时，现行国际经济金融体系也需要改进和完善，以适应世界经济格局发展变化。国际社会应该通过合理的变革和调整，逐步完善国际经济金融体系，推进国际金融监管改革、国际金融机构改革、货币体系改革，建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序。国际社会应该反对各种形式的保护主义，倡导和支持自由贸易，以对话和协商妥善处理贸易摩擦，推动世界贸易组织多哈回合谈判在锁定已有成果的基础上取得全面均衡的成果，尽早实现发展回合目标。国际社会应该在发展问题上采取更多实际行动，保障发展资源，完善发展机制，促进发展合作，确保如期实现联合国千年发展目标。
Fourth, the international community should improve the international economic and financial systems and create an enabling environment for the common development of emerging markets and all other countries.The existing international economic and financial systems have played a positive role in the development of emerging markets in the
Asia Pacific.But it is necessary to further improve them through appropriate reform and adjustment measures and adapt them to the changing economic situation.It is important to advance reform of international financial supervision and regulation, international financial institutions and the international monetary system with a view to establishing a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed new international financial order.The international community should oppose protectionism in all manifestations, call for and support free trade, and handle trade frictions through dialogue and consultations.It should work for comprehensive and balanced outcomes of the Doha Round negotiations on the basis of the existing achievements in order to realize the goals of the development round at an early date.The international community should take more concrete actions on development to secure resources, improve mechanisms, enhance cooperation, and ensure the attainment of the UN MDGs as scheduled.女士们、先生们！Ladies and Gentlemen, 经过改革开放30多年来的努力，中国经济实力不断增强，国内生产总值大幅提升，主要农产品和工业品产量居世界第一位，成为世界第一大货物出口国和第二大货物进口国，成为诸多新兴市场国家中的重要一员。同时，中国人口多、底子薄，城乡区域发展不平衡、资源环境约束强化、科技创新能力不强等问题突出。中国要实现现代化建设的目标还需要长期艰苦奋斗。中国面临的问题只有通过发展才能解决。前不久，我们制定了未来5年中国经济社会发展的蓝图。未来5 年，我们将坚持把发展作为第一要务，坚持以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，深化改革开放，保障和改善民生，重点加快调整国民收入分配结构、城乡结构、区域结构、产业结构，加快推进科技创新，加快建设社会保障体系，努力推动经济社会又好又快发展。
Over the past 30 years since reform and opening-up, China's economy has enjoyed continuous growth and its GDP has risen to a much higher level.China is now the biggest producer of major agricultural and industrial products and the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods.With these achievements, China has become one of the major emerging markets.At the same time, China, a country with a big population and weak economic foundation, is confronted with some formidable challenges, including development disparities between the urban and rural areas and among different regions, serious resources and environmental constraints and inadequate innovation capabilities.To achieve modernization, we must make persistent and strenuous efforts.And we can only overcome our difficulties through development.We have recently formulated the blueprint for China's economic and social development in the coming five years.We will continue to take development as our top priority, stick to the scientific approach to development, transform the economic development pattern at a faster pace, deepen reform and opening-up, and ensure and improve people's well-being.We will focus our effort on expediting the adjustment of income distribution structure, urban and rural development structure, regional development structure and industrial structure, promoting scientific and technological innovation, and strengthening the social security system.We will make every effort to achieve sound and rapid economic and social development.与此同时，中国将坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚持把自身发展与各国共同繁荣紧密结合起来，努力推动共同发展。我们将着重在以下方面作出努力。
China will be firmly committed to the path of peaceful development.While pursuing our own development, we will bear in mind the need for shared prosperity of all nations and strive for common development.We will make great effort in the following areas:(一)继续坚持开放的发展。坚持对外开放的基本国策、奉行互利共赢的开放战略、发展开放型经济，是中国经济持续快速发展的一条成功经验。中国将继续坚持开放的发展，不断拓展对外开放广度和深度，深化沿海开放、加快内地开放、提升沿边开放，以开放促改革，以开放促发展，以开放惠民生。中国将通过持续的招商引资、引进人才，为现代化建设提供必要资金、先进技术、宝贵管理经验、优秀人力资源。中国将继续致力于营造开放透明的法律环境、公平竞争的市场环境、稳定有序的经营环境，为各方投资创造良好条件。
First, we will continue to pursue open development.To ensure sustained and fast economic growth, we must adhere to the basic policy of opening-up, pursue a win-win strategy of opening-up and develop an open economy.This is a conclusion we have drawn from our development.We will stay on the path of open development and further expand the breadth and depth of opening-up.We will deepen the level of opening-up in the coastal areas, accelerate opening-up in the inland areas and upgrade opening-up in the border areas.Through opening-up, we will push forward reform, spur development and improve people's well-being.We will continue to bring in investment and talent from overseas to support
our modernization drive with the necessary capital, advanced technologies, valuable managerial expertise and outstanding human resources.We will continue to build an open and transparent legal environment, an enabling market environment for fair competition and a stable and orderly business environment so as to foster good conditions for investment by various parties.(二)继续坚持共同发展。中国致力于以自身发展促进世界发展，同时在世界发展中寻求自身更好发展。中国将积极参与应对全球性挑战的国际合作，为世界经济增长而努力。中国将加大投入，继续通过南南合作框架向其他发展中国家提供力所能及的帮助，帮助其实现联合国千年发展目标、增强自主发展能力。中国将本着负责任的态度参与国际规则制订，推动世界经济形成更加合理的产业分工结构、更加均衡的金融贸易结构、更加科学的资源配置结构、更加公平的利益共享结构，推动世界经济持续协调发展。
Second, we will continue to pursue common development.We are committed to promoting world development through our own development and achieving better development through world development.We will actively engage in international cooperation to meet global challenges and promote world economic growth.We will increase input and continue to provide assistance as our capacity permits to other developing countries within the framework of South-South cooperation and help them meet the UN MDGs and enhance their capacity for independent development.China will take part in international rule-making in a responsible way and work for a world economic structure that is more reasonable in the division of labor, more balanced in finance and trade, more rational in resources allocation and more equitable in interest-sharing.This will facilitate sustainable and balanced development of the world economy.(三)继续坚持内外平衡发展。中国将加快经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整，着力构建扩大内需特别是消费需求的长效机制。中国将通过促进居民收入和消费可持续增长、加快新农村建设、实施区域发展总体战略等措施进一步挖掘国内市场潜力，着力培育内需增长新动力。中国将坚持把促进国际收支平衡作为保持宏观经济稳定的重要任务，统筹利用国际国内两个市场、两种资源。中国将继续按照主动性、可控性、渐进性的原则，稳步推进人民币汇率形成机制改革。
Third, we will continue to pursue balanced growth of domestic and external demand.We will transform our economic development pattern and adjust the economic structure at a faster pace and make great effort to build a long-term mechanism that boosts domestic demand, particularly consumer demand.We will further tap the potential of our domestic market and nurture new sources of domestic demand.The measures we take in this regard include promoting sustainable increase in household income and spending, accelerating the development of the new countryside and implementing the overall strategy for regional development.We will seek a balanced BOP account, an important task in maintaining macroeconomic stability.We will continue to make good use of both domestic and international markets as well as domestic and international resources.We will continue to steadily move forward the reform of the RMB exchange rate regime in a self-initiated, controllable and gradual manner.(四)继续坚持可持续发展。中国将坚持实施节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，通过完善法规和标准，加强自然资源节约和管理，推动形成节约能源资源和保护生态环境的产业结构、增长方式、消费模式。中国将通过经济结构调整，大力发展循环经济和绿色经济，实现经济和生态协调发展。中国将通过科技创新，发展低碳技术、新能源和可再生能源技术，全面增强应对气候变化能力。中国将坚持共同但有区别的责任原则，同国际社会合作应对气候变化。
Fourth, we will continue to pursue sustainable development.We will stick to the basic state policy of resource conservation and environmental protection.We will better conserve and manage natural resources through improved laws, regulations and standards and make our industrial structure, growth pattern and consumption model more effective in saving energy and resources and protecting the environment.We will vigorously develop circular and green economy through economic restructuring and pursue economic development and eco-conservation in a balanced way.We will develop low-carbon, new energy and renewable energy technologies through scientific and technological innovation and comprehensively enhance our capacity to tackle climate change.We will work with the rest of the international community to counter the climate challenge under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities.女士们、先生们！Ladies and Gentlemen, 中国和世界在经济全球化进程中已经形成利益交融的局面。中国越发展，给世界带来的机遇和作出的贡献就越大。中国巨大的市场容量、不断完善的基础设施、日臻完备的产业配套能力、公平竞争的市场环境正在吸引越
来越多跨国企业到中国投资兴业，也为亚太工商界提供了更多商机。我们欢迎亚太工商界人士积极参与中国改革开放和现代化进程，共享中国繁荣进步带来的机遇和成果。中国愿同各方携手努力，共同规划和建设人类更加美好的明天！
Economic globalization has brought the interests of China and those of the world closely together.A more developed China will bring greater opportunities and make bigger contributions to the world.With its huge market, better infrastructure, stronger industrial support capacity and fair market environment, China has attracted more and more multinational companies to invest in the country and offered more and more opportunities to businesses in the Asia-Pacific region.We hope that the Asia-Pacific business community will take an active part in China's reform, opening-up and modernization process, and share the opportunities and benefits brought by China's prosperity and progress.China stands ready to work with all parties to shape an even better future for mankind.后门户时代的互联网
——在第四届中美互联网论坛的发言 新浪网执行副总裁兼总编辑 陈彤
2010年11月8日
The Internet in the Post-portal Era
By Chen Tong Executive Vice President and Editor-in-Chief, Sina.com 能够有机会与来自中美两国的人士一起探讨互联网的现状与未来，感到非常荣幸。今天我想以“后门户时代的互联网”为题，以“门户”作为观察的圆心，对当前中国互联网的变化和特点谈几点看法，希望能对各位了解中国互联网的最新趋势有所帮助。
I feel very much honored to have this opportunity to discuss the present and future of the Internet with guests from China and the United States.Today, I would like to express some of my views on the changes and characteristics of the Internet in China, and I hope you will find my words useful to understand the latest trends of the Internet in China.当然，我想首先要明确的是“门户”的概念。实际上，在中国，我们今天所谈论的门户与当初YAHOO在美国初创时所说的门户已经有了很大不同。那个时候，提供搜索服务为主的网站成为网民进入互联网的“门户”。而在中国，门户的意义除此之外，更多还包含了“大而全”的资讯信息超市的含义。新浪、搜狐、百度等网站及其基本服务上可以说是门户网站的基本形态。由于这些网站在中国互联网的发展过程中出现早、影响大，因而也为中国互联网深深地打下了 “门户概念”烙印。从这个意义上也可以解释，为什么今天我们会以后门户网站时代作为一个观察的视角。
First, let me clarify the concept of a ‗portal‘.Actually in China, the portal that we are discussing today is very different from the ‗portal‘ at the time when Yahoo was created in the US.In those days, Websites with search as their main function served as the ‗portal‘ for Internet users to enter the Internet.While in China, ‗portal‘ also means a ―large and complete‖ supermarket of news and information.Sina.com, Sohu.com and Baidu.com, etc., together with their basic services represent the basic patterns of portal sites.These Websites emerged early and exerted great influence in the course of development of the Internet in China, and therefore they deeply branded the Internet in China with the concept of ‗portal.‘ This explains why we can use ‗post-portal era‘ as a perspective of observation.应该说，所谓“后门户时代”，在中国网络界并不是一个新出的说法。其实从2001年开始，从搜索、无线增值、网络视频、SNS社区陆续兴起，就不断引发大家对于“后门户时代”的讨论。
It‘s should be noted that the so called ‗post-portal era‘ is not a new wording in Chinese Internet circles.Actually since 2001, with the successive emergence of search, mobile value-added services, online videos and SNS communities, people have been aroused to discuss the ‗post-portal era‘.后门户时代并不是指门户网站影响力的减弱，而是一个在更广泛的观察视角来看：从整个互联网的网民上网行为而言，门户网站已经不再是唯一或者是主要的入口；从门户网站的内容模式而言，门户的内容将不限于传统的新闻加广告；从网络业务模式而言，不再以“大而全”为特征的网络产品形式将大量涌现。
‘Post-portal era‘ does not mean the ebbing of the influence of portal sites.It rather means that from a wider perspective: as regards the surfing behavior of users of the entire Internet, portal sites are no longer the only or main entrance;as regards the content modes of portal sites, the content of portal sites are no longer limited to the orthodox
mode of a mix of news and ads;as regards the business patterns of the Internet, many online products not featuring the ‗large and complete‘ will spring up.从这几个维度来看，相比以前，近两年中国互联网的后门户时代特征显得尤为明显。
From these perspectives and in contrast with the situation of the past, the post-portal characteristics of the Internet in China have looked particularly marked during the recent couple of years.首先，门户网站自身的内容和服务模式不断创新，摆脱以往单一的资讯加广告模式。
First, the continuous innovations of portal sites in their content and service patterns have let them to shake off the single, old-mode mix of news and ads.提及中国门户网站的创新应用，微博无疑是一个不容忽视的方面。以2009年开始测试的新浪微博为例，截至2010年第二季度新浪微博的注册用户数已超5000万，在这里用户可以通过手机和互联网平台发布文字、图片、视频，并且可以推送、转发，已经成为从媒体到政府，从机构到个人，一个真正的信息交互平台。
To speak of the innovative applications for Chinese portal sites, it‘s no doubt that microblogging cannot be neglected.Take the microbogging service of Sina.com, which was put to test in 2009, as an example, by the second quarter of 2010, it has more than 50 million registered users, and it has become a real info-exchange platform for media, government, other institutions and individuals where they can publish, push and forward text, photos and video from cell phones and other Internet interfaces.在今年两会，中国官方通讯社新华社的重点栏目“新华视点”开通新浪两会微博，通过微博发布两会最新消息，两周时间粉丝超过20多万，被境外媒体称为“中国新闻报道史上值得关注、值得记录的一小步”。从今年年初开始，北京、上海、广东等地公安系统陆续有系统的全面开通新浪微博，通过微博发布各种警示提示和政务答疑等，被媒体称作是“尊重公民知情权的具体体现”。
During this year‘s sessions of the National People‘s Congress and Chinese People‘s Political Consultative Conference, Xinhua News Agency, China‘s official news agency, registered an account for its key program ―Xinhua Viewpoints‖ on Sina microblogging to publish the latest news on the sessions.It accumulated 200,000 users in two weeks and was described by overseas media as ‗a small step that is worth paying attention to and recording in the history of Chinese news reporting.‘ Since the beginning of this year, public security systems, one after another, have systematically opened accounts for microblogging on Sina.com to publish various alerts and answer administrative questions.Such moves were described by the media as ―concrete embodiment of respecting citizens‘ rights to know.‖
此外，在今年的世界杯报道期间，新浪通过“原创内容+微博”内容组织模式来寻求报道内容的差异化和多样化。多位足球名家通过微博对比赛进行实时点评和报道，开创了一个全新的看球和评球模式。
In addition, in its coverage of the World Cup this year, Sina.com sought diversification in its reporting with the introduction of the content organization mode of ‗original content+microblogging.‘ Many soccer experts reported and commented through microblogging.Hence, a new mode to watch and comment soccer was established.随着新浪、搜狐等门户网站相继开通微博服务，有媒体甚至说中国网络媒体已经进入微博时代。
With Sina.com and Sohu.com offering microblogging services one after another, some media even claimed that the online media in China had entered the ‗era of microblogging.‘
当然，除微博等社区服务模式外，游戏、输入法、桌面产品等，都为后门户网站时代门户网站的含义增加了新的注解。
Of course, the model of community services like microblogging, games, input methods and desktop products, among other things, have all provided more footnotes to the connotations of portal sites in the post-portal era.第二，在后门户时代，网民上网的第一着陆点已经开始不断多样化。
Second, in the post-portal era, the first landing points for Internet surfers have begun to show diversification.据统计，自2007年起即时通讯、社区等平台已经成为近半数网民的首选入口。而对于传统以资讯传播为主的门户网站来说，在后门户时代，一个需要面临的情形是，对资讯的获取已经不再是网民上网的唯一需求，甚至已经不是最主要的需求。CNNIC最新的调查显示，网络娱乐、电子商务、社区交流等方面的用户增长数位居前列
Platforms like instant messaging and communities have become nearly half of Chinese Internet users‘ first choice of entrance.For portal sites with news communication as their traditional business, in the post-portal era, they are faced with a new situation: acquisition of news is no longer the only or most important demand of Internet surfers.China Internet
Network Information Center said in its latest statistics that online entertainment, e-commerce and community exchanges have led to the growth of users.在今年10月初，CNN一项针对全球读者新闻消费与分享习惯的调查显示，43%的新闻通过Twitter和Facebook等社交媒体网络和工具分享，社交网络已经成为新闻分享的最大渠道。这个调查也从某种程度上表明，许多网民已经不再是或者说不需要再通过门户去了解资讯。我想凡是使用过新浪微博的朋友都会有这样一个感觉，那就是微博已经越来越成为资讯获取的重要渠道。在这里，通过发布和转发，用户可以方便而快速地了解最新的突发新闻和最有意思的资讯。
In early October, a survey conducted by CNN on the consumption and sharing habits of global-news readers showed that more than 43 percent of news was shared through SNS tools like Twitter and Facebook, and SNS had become the single most important way of sharing news.To some extent the survey showed that many Internet users no longer get news, in other words, no longer need to get news, through portals.I think that all those friends who have used microblogging on Sina.com must feel that microblogging is increasingly becoming an important means to get news.Here users can conveniently and quickly get the latest breaking news and most interesting stuff by publishing and forwarding.在后门户时代，传播“去中心化”，受众分散化是一个不可逆转的趋势。
In the post-portal era, the de-centralization of communication and the diversification of audiences will be an irreversible trend.第三，从网络业务模式上看，垂直化、细分化的网络服务模式在这两年得以广泛发展。
Third, in terms of business patterns, vertical and segmented online service modes have extensively developed in the past couple of years.随着中国互联网10多年的发展，中国网民的上网需求和行为也在发生变化。同时，随着网民数量的急剧增加，网民上网需求偏好也逐渐多样化。因此，满足一类人群对某一上网的应用需求已经足以形成一个值得挖掘“富矿”。随之而来的就是，近两年，淘宝、开心网、豆瓣、盛大文学等为代表交友、购物、娱乐、旅游、阅读等多类垂直和细分网站的蓬勃发展。
With the development of the Internet in China for more than ten years, the needs and behavior of Chinese Internet users have been always changing.At the same time, with the rapid increase of the number of users, their online needs and preferences are gradually diversifying.Therefore, satisfying a specific online-application need for a specific group of users has become a ‗rich ore‘ that is worth exploiting.Following this, in the past couple of years, many vertical and segmented Websites specializing in dating, shopping, entertainment, tourism and literary reading and etc., represented by taobao.com, kaixin001.com, douban.com and sd-wx.com.cn and etc., have prospered.综上所述，近两年以来，中国互联网的发展走进了一个新的“后门户时代”。如果说这次的“后门户时代”与以往相比有什么不同的话，那就是在这个时代，无论是门户网站还是其他网络服务平台在同时都表现出了令人赞叹的活力与创新，为中国网民真正实现了广义上的网络生活。
In sum, in the past two years the development of the Internet in China has entered the new ‗post-portal era.‘ If I am asked to say what the difference of this era between that of the past is, I would like to say that in this era, both portal sites and other online service platforms have at the same time showed admirable vitality and creativity, and they have genuinely provided Chinese Internet users with online lives in the broad sense.当然，面对未来，我相信，以新浪、搜狐为代表的商业门户网站依然能够像以前一样，为“后门户时代”带来更多新的外延和内涵！
Of course, facing the future, I believe that commercial portal sites represented by Sina.com and Sohu.com will, like what they did before, bring more new denotations and connotations to the ‗post-portal era‘!
中国的云计算发展面临三大挑战 ——在第四届中美互联网论坛的发言
腾讯首席执行官 马化腾 2010年11月8日
Cloud computing in China: prospects, key technologies, major challenges
By Ma Huateng
Chairman of the Board and CEO of Tencent
November 8, 2010 腾讯作为中国最大的互联网企业之一，12年来的成长经历可以说鉴证了中国互联网产业从到有从弱到强的发展奇迹，今天关注中美两国互联网发展的朋友们聚集一堂共同分享腾讯如何看待云计算在中国的发展状况和前景，以及我们所关注的关键的技术，以及它对于未来互联网行业乃至整个IT行业的影响。
Tencent is China's largest privately owned enterprise oriented toward comprehensive Internet business.Founded 12 years ago, it is a testament to the miraculous development of China's Internet industry.Today, all friends connected with the industry gather together here, giving me a precious opportunity to share with you some of our thoughts on the development and prospects of cloud computing in China, our technological focuses, and the influence of cloud computing on the Internet industry and the entire IT industry.首先我简单介绍一下腾讯，腾讯为全国4亿网民提供高质量服务的企业，它提供从及时通讯，网络媒体，网络游戏，搜索引擎到电子商务完整的电子服务，今天随着云计算计算的兴起，为所有的互联网用户提供更反变得应用提供可能性，也为我们互联网今后的发展提供广阔的空间。
As China's largest Internet company, Tencent offers high-quality network services to 400 million users across the country.We boast all kinds of Internet businesses, including instant-communication tools, online media, online games, SNS societies, search engines and e-business.Such a wide service range is rare both in China and in the other parts of the world.The advanced cloud computing technology has made it possible for Internet users to enjoy good services more conveniently and opened a spacious room for the development of the Internet industry in the following years.云计算从概念到实现只有短短几年时间，腾讯也赶上了这一次的浪潮，不同的公司对云计算有不同的解读，对我们来说云计算就是应用公共网络设施对逻辑的组建，像水和电一样融入大家的生活，为用户提供海量一站式的服务，通过云计算可以让用户在任何时间地点访问任何信息，让他们获得在PC时代和网络初期无法得到使用。
It only took cloud computing a few years to change from a vague idea to real technology.Chinese Internet companies, including Tencent, caught the trend fortunately.Different companies may have a different understanding on this technology.For Tencent, the key value of cloud computing is that it can utilize the public network structure to make our computing ability, processing ability and logic components as assessable as household tap water and electricity.With the aid of cloud computing, we can help users to acquire any information anytime, anywhere.This is an unprecedented convenience as compared with the PC era and the initial periods of the Internet era.This is our understanding of cloud computing platform.我们在云计算投入了大量的人力资金和物力。我们正在建立亚洲最大的数据中心以及对云计算提供硬件资源的支撑，同时开发用于支持分布式存储，变形计算支持云计算的平台，中国一些其它的互联网企业在云计算的基础上做了一些布局，中国政府和我们企业界也在共同制订云计算的国家标准。
In recent years, the Chinese government and Chinese enterprises have invested large quantities of funds, devices and personnel to develop cloud computing technologies.For instance, Tencent is building Asia's largest data center to support a cloud platform and developing a cloud computing platform to support distributed storage, parallel computing and intelligent resource management.Other Chinese enterprises are also working on cloud computing hardware and related support.At the same time, the government is working with the industry to set up relative national standards.我们想结合我们的特点谈谈云计算，除了超级数据中心等等的云计算平台以外，我想着重讲三方面的技术和挑战。Now, I would like to talk about the major technologies and challenges Tencent is focusing on.Since you are all familiar with super data centers, high-speed broadband network and the cloud computing platform that can manage these hardware devices and systems, I will show you three other key technologies and challenges.首先是信息安全。如果我们把以往个人和企业的计算机比做自己家里的保险柜，把信息比作现金，过去把信息存储在自己计算机的做法相当于把现金放在自己的保险柜里这样当然是既不利于使用也不利于流通，云计算就是相当于现在的银行，把现金存在银行里面，实际上比自的保险对是既安全又方便，首先是这个银行是有信用的，云计算能够得到普及和得到所有互联网用户的认可，关键在于互联网安全能否做好，一方面使用户可以方便使用云端的服务，一方面是这些服务和隐私是得到保护的我们知道便利性和安全性是矛盾的。在技术上如何解决这个问题，关系到云计算得到广大用户的认可。在过去几年，云计算在24小时不间断的保护用户的信息，基本上满足了用户随时随地使用在线产品的便利性，保证他们的安全性，这样的前提下用户可以放心的把原本在本地存储的终端信息防盗云端的数据银行当中。另外一方面我们要在法律和政策上制止任何危害用户信息安全问题的发生，39 保证云计算产业有良好的发展。
First, information security.Let's make a comparison.If personal computers and company computers are like one's safe, and if information is money, the practice of storing information in a computer is like putting money in his safe, which is, of course, inconvenient and not good for liquidity.Instead, depositing money in a bank is more convenient and safer, on the condition that the bank is secure and credible.In this sense, the key to popularizing cloud computing technology and gaining users' recognition is how safe the Internet is.In terms of technology, efforts should be made to ensure that users can conveniently use services in the cloud and that the services are safe and that users' privacy is protected.We all know that in the online world, it's difficult to realize convenience and safety at the same time.How to address the issue becomes the key to popularizing cloud computing.In the past decade, Tencent has made continuous efforts to develop technologies on information security.A professional team is working 24 hours a day to protect user information with the best devices and solutions.Generally speaking, we are now able to offer users easy access to our online products and services anytime, anywhere and ensure their information is safe.In this situation, users are willing to use our cloud services and move data from their own terminals to our cloud-based “data bank.” With regard to laws and policies, efforts should be made to prohibit acts that may harm the safety of user information, thus to foster an environment conducive to the development of cloud computing and the entire industry.第二大点就是通用和标准开放的平台。云计算的一个好处就是不受终端系统限制，给用户带来连贯性的体验，比如我们的个人电脑从传统的PC向手机和平板电脑、互联网电视、车载资讯的娱乐终端等智能终端发展，操作系统也出现新兴系统百花齐放的局面，云计算要支持这些系统就要做好标准化通用性。在标准化方面，微软和中国工业界正在制定统一的标准，云计算的目的之一是要将计算资源以最经济的方式提供给社会。由于它的规模巨大，不可能每一个企业和机构都发展自己的云计算平台，而是由主要的互联网公司提供给全社会，为了强调这个目的我们强调云计算平台是在通用的标准上提供的，能否做到开放和合作，关乎到云计算技术能否普及，以及能否带动整个IT产业上下游的发展，云计算要像提供水了电一样为中小机构提供计算能力，海量输出和带宽资源，如果云计算的提供商将它作为垄断资源，将云计算作为控制中小企业及互联网上下游的工具，用一些条条框框把这些属于产业链中下游的业务变成约束在自己的业务中，从长远来说会伤害到整个IT产业链。腾讯本着互通互利的原则，希望共同发展完善云计算的产业链，不仅让广大用户通过云计算平台共享信息和服务，也要让中小企业机构分享云计算的成果，基于云计算发展增值服务。
The second thing I want to talk about is the platform, which should be universal, standardized and open to all.An advantage of cloud computing is the consistent experience it offers users on all terminals and systems.Currently, the scope of “personal computer” has expanded from traditional PC and Mac computers to smart terminals like cell phones, flat-panel computers, Internet TV and car infotainment systems.And computer operating systems have seen a rigorous development, with Android, iOS, Meego and other new systems emerging in addition to Windows.To support all these terminals and systems, cloud computing must be standardized and universal.Now, the government is working with Internet enterprises, including Tencent, to set up unified standards.An objective of cloud computing is to make computing resources accessible to the whole society in the most economic way.Given the large scale of the work, it's impossible and unnecessary for every enterprise and institution to develop its own cloud computing platform.This work can be done by major Internet companies.To achieve the objective, Tencent insists that the cloud computing platform be universal, standardized and open to all.The openness and cooperativeness of the platform is key to its popularity and its influence on IT Industry and national economy.Platform suppliers should ensure their computing abilities, mass data storage and bandwidths can be as available as water and electricity for small-and medium-sized enterprises and research institutions.If suppliers take cloud computing as a monopolized resource, use it to control enterprises in the midstream and downstream industry and make special rules to force the enterprises to use these services, the entire IT industry will be ruined in the long run.In the principle of openness, cooperation and mutual benefit, Tencent hopes to work with other Internet companies to promote technological development and industry development based on cloud computing.We hope to help Internet users share information and services on cloud platform, help small-and medium-sized enterprises and research institutions share cloud computing results and make our contributions to the development of value-added, cloud-based products and services.第三大点就是我想谈一下基于云计算的应用和服务。云计算是个载体，它上面的各种服务才是实质，没有这
些应用和服务，云计算就成了一个摆设，一个泡沫。我们要在云计算的基础上整合各种已经有的IT服务，从通信、媒体、办公自动化、网络游戏、SNS、搜索引擎到电子商务等等完整的各种各样的互联网应用，这样才能真正给用户带来好处，下面我有一个腾讯的例子是我们QQ的云应用，分享我们在云应用方面的策略，这个例子里面我们可以看到云计算为互联网用户带来的价值，以及对互联网和IT产业的影响。我们的目标是创建一个用户携带自己的使用组合，使用习惯，以及隐私数据的任何平台，首先我们要提供一个跨终端跨系统的体系，现在终端的大量涌现，我们QQ的云是搭建一个云体系，确保用户可以得到完善的云服务体验，QQ云提供了一个免下载，免安装，即插即用的平台，为用户解决了各种烦恼。同时云也可以携带各种组合到任何一个场景，也可以为用户提供量身定做的个性化服务，以及用用户的关系网络，完成社区化的服务。基于云计算平台，可以做到客户不仅可以按照时间场景选择不同的组合，也可以同步到自己每个终端甚至功用的设备上，以及处理方式的选择信息接受等等方面，我们在云计算倡导市场性的开放心态，为了营造一个健康的生态环境和产业连，QQ云平台对第三方开发者和商业伙伴来讲是完全开放和透明的。我们希望不仅是腾讯还是合作伙伴，第三方开发者还是个人都可以创造自己的云应用，并分享和提供到应用市场上去。QQ将云应用为提供商作为基础服务，比如终端兼容，个性化设置，关系链传播，支付体系等等，通过丰富的应用，便捷的管理，安全的使用，让客户的个性化使用得到体现，同时让应用提供商能够接触到巨大的用户群和关系链，共同开拓新的市场机会。
The third thing I want to talk about is the key role of cloud applications and services.Cloud computing is only a bearer.Services and applications based on it are the most important.Without the services and applications, cloud computing is useless.Therefore, Tencent will integrate all IT services, including instant communication tools, online media, office automation, online games, SNS societies, search engines and e-business, on the basis of cloud computing.Only in this way can we bring real benefits to users.Next, I will take the QQ cloud as an example to show you our strategy on cloud application.After my explanation, you will see the values cloud computing can bring to users, and you will see the influence cloud computing can leave on the Internet and IT industries.The objective of the QQ cloud is to build an application platform where users can safely bring their service portfolio, online habits and private data to any other scenes.To achieve this, we will first offer users consistent trans-terminal, trans-system services.Currently, there are a variety of terminals and systems, such as the PC, smart phone and flat-panel computer, but they all use the Web as the application platform.Based on the Web, the QQ cloud tries to build a complete cloud-application system to ensure that users can enjoy consistent cloud services.The QQ cloud offers a browser-server, plug-and-play cloud platform, saving users from troubles caused by various terminals.Meanwhile, it allows users to safely bring their cloud service portfolio, user habits and private data to any other application scene.Based on the cloud platform, the QQ cloud can provide users with customized services and social services based on users' contact chain.Users' demands and habits differ.In the past, such information was stored on their own terminals, unable to be taken to other places.Now, based on the cloud platform, we can help users choose different service portfolios according to the time and the scene and safely synchronize the portfolios between various terminals or public devices.Users can use the portfolios, including UI, application settings and message receiving and processing mode, in a familiar environment in their accustomed way.Meanwhile, users can share their cloud applications, experiences and creations with friends in their societies.We always stress that cloud computing development needs the efforts of the entire IT industry and the whole society.We advocate an open, market-oriented business environment.The QQ cloud is an open platform.It's impossible to have any single company develop all applications and services.To build a healthy, win-win industrial environment, the QQ cloud platform is open and transparent to all third-party developers and commercial partners.We hope that in addition to Tencent, our partners, competitors, independent developers and even individual users can create their cloud applications and share or sell them in application market.The QQ cloud will provide application suppliers with basic services, such as terminal compatibility, customized settings, cloud storage, contact chain spreading, application management and payment system.With abundant applications, convenient management and safe usage, the QQ cloud is able to meet users' customized demands and better achieve user values.At the same time, it will give application suppliers access to users and contact chains, to better integrate upstream industry with downstream industry and make a joint exploration of new market potentials.刚才谈了三个挑战性问题，我们希望基于云计算平台为客户提供更多价值，通过开放和合作，为IT行业提供新的商机。
By developing the aforementioned technologies, by solving the three challenges I just talked about, Tencent hopes to
bring more benefits to users with the support of cloud platform.In the principle of openness and cooperation, we hope to find more business opportunities for the IT industry.中美互联网论坛已经举行了四届，成为两国互联网业界最重要的交流和合作的机制，腾讯也在积极布局海外，包括美国在内的其它市场的网络用户提供产品和服务，我们也希望通过中美互联网论坛这一平台，与两国的互联网企业加强交流，共同探讨互联网行业新的趋势，新技术和新的理念，为推动中美乃至全球互联网的繁荣与发展做出贡献！
Four sessions of the China-U.S.Internet Forum has been successfully held.This forum has become a major communication and cooperation mechanism for the Internet industry of the two countries.Tencent is working hard to explore overseas markets to offer products and services to network users in the U.S.and other countries.We sincerely hope to take the advantage of this forum to enhance our communications with Internet companies in the two countries, discuss new trends, new technologies and new ideas of the industry and make our contribution to the development of the Internet in both China and the U.S., as well as other countries of the world!Closing Comments at Economic and Financial Dialogue Press Conference
by UK Chancellor George Osborne
09 November 2010 在第三次“中英经济财金对话”新闻发布会上的致辞
英国财政大臣 奥斯本 2010年11月9日
Thank you very much Vice Premier Wang Qishan.And let me thank you again for welcoming us to Beijing today to this Economic and Financial Dialogue.非常感谢王岐山副总理。对于您今天欢迎我们到北京来参加本次经济财金对话，我再一次表示感谢。
I agree with you that we have had very friendly and successful talks, covering a whole range of issues of relevance to both our countries.我和您都认为：我们的会谈是非常友好而有成效的, 涉及了一系列有关我们两国的事务。
China is now the world‘s second largest economy.Its contribution to prosperity in the UK is becoming increasingly important.That is why we have come to China as the strongest ministerial delegation ever to visit from the UK.We look forward to this afternoon, when the Prime Minister David Cameron and Premier Wen will take part in the UK-China summit.中国现在是世界上第二大经济体。它对于英国经济繁荣的贡献日益重要。这也是我们此次作为英国有史以来最强大的部长级代表团到中国访问的原因。我们期待着今天下午首相戴维?卡梅伦和温家宝总理参加的英-中峰会。
Today the Vice Premier and I talked about the economic relationship between our two countries.We both agreed to further strengthen bilateral cooperation.We both agreed to continue implementing economic policies conducive to sustainable economic growth.The UK has committed to a clear, credible, ambitious and growth-friendly medium-term fiscal consolidation plan which will ensure fiscal sustainability.And as the Vice Premier has said China is committed to accelerate the restructuring to further strengthen the role of domestic demand.This action by both sides will support confidence and mitigate risks to recovery.今天副总理和我探讨了我们两国间的经济关系。双方一致同意进一步加强双边合作。双方一致同意继续实施有利于经济可持续发展的经济政策。英国 已承诺要实施明确的、可靠的、雄心勃勃的、有益于发展的中期财政整顿计划，以确保财政的可持续性。副总理也谈到，中国要致力于加快经济结构调整，进一步加 强内需对经济增长的作用。双方的这一举措将有助于提振市场信心、减少经济复苏风险。
We also agreed to work together through the G20.We both strongly support the G20 as the premier forum for our international economic cooperation, where the world‘s largest economies work together to support their mutual aspirations and ambitions.We both welcomed the ambitious agreement reached by G20 Finance Ministers & Central Bank Governor at Gyeongju, Korea, to reform the IMF‘s quota and governance that will help deliver a more effective, credible and legitimate IMF.At Gyeongju we also agreed to strengthen multilateral cooperation to promote external sustainability and the full range of policies conducive to reducing excessive imbalances and maintaining current account imbalances at sustainable levels.We need to move further forward in Seoul this week.I hope that China will seize the opportunity to
play a leading role on this.双方赞同在G20峰会上共同努力。双方坚定支持G20，这是各国实现国际经济合作的重要论坛，其间，全球最大的经济体为实现他们共同的愿望 和前景而协同努力。双方欢迎在韩国庆州G20财长和央行行长会议上就国际货币基金组织份额和治理改革达成的重要共识，这将有助于提高国际货币基金组织的有 效性、可信度和合法性。在庆州，我们也赞同加强多边合作，推动外部发展的可持续性以及实施一系列有益于减少过度失衡和在可持续的水平上保持经常账户失衡的 政策。我们希望在本周的首尔峰会上能够取得更多进展。我希望中国抓住机会，发挥领导作用。
We also discussed the trade links between our countries.It is worth remembering that China is the world‘s largest exporter of goods and the UK is the world‘s second largest exporter of services.This complementary in our relationship will provide a strong foundation to strengthen our trade and investment links.Both sides will uphold the principles of free trade and resist all forms of protectionism.We will work together to achieve Doha – the UK sees 2011 as a key window of opportunity for achieving this, and I hope China will take a leading role in driving this agenda forward at the G20 Summit in Seoul.双方探讨了两国间的贸易关系。值得一提的是，中国是世界上最大的商品出口国，而英国是世界上第二大服务出口国。两国在这方面的互补将为加强 我们的贸易和投资关系提供强有力的基础。双方都赞成自由贸易的原则，抵制各种形式的贸易保护主义。双方将协同努力推动多哈回合成果。英国认为2011年是 实现这一目标的关键机会，我希望中国在首尔召开的G20峰会上可以发挥领先作用，推动此项议程的开展。
We also discussed how to encourage Chinese investment in the UK and how to enable Chinese companies to do business in the UK.The UK is already one of the most open economies in the world to trade and inward investment and welcomes more Chinese investment, including from sovereign wealth funds.We noted that UK firms are doing well in China‘s growing market.For example, UK firms play a key role in China‘s financial markets.UK banks account for 23 per cent of the foreign banking market.Our insurers are among the leading foreign players.双方探讨了如何鼓励中国在英国投资、如何促使中国企业在英国开展业务。英国作为世界上贸易和投资最开放的经济体之一，欢迎更多来自中国的投 资，包括主权财富基金的投资。我们注意到，英国企业在中国日益发展的市场上表现出色。例如，英国企业在中国金融市场上发挥着关键作用。英国银行占外国银行 市场的23%。英国的保险公司也处于领先的外国企业行列。
And we agreed that it is not just bilateral trade that matters.The UK and China can work in partnership elsewhere, and we discussed how we can support greater partnerships between UK and Chinese companies in third countries.We discussed the business environment in both our countries.There are lots of opportunities in China‘s growing market and I highlighted some areas where British companies believe China‘s business environment could be improved.We also noted the challenges in the business environment and will work to address this.I encouraged China to respond constructively to the views of the business community.We noted the importance of effective protection of intellectual property rights to promote innovation and encourage bilateral trade, especially in high-technology goods and services.We agreed ambitious plans for deepened technical collaboration on intellectual property administration and enforcement.We also agreed to establish a working-level dialogue on tax issues for businesses engaged in bilateral trade and investment.双方同意，发挥重要作用的不仅仅是双边贸易。英、中两国可以在其他领域合作，双方探讨了如何在第三国进一步发展英、中两国企业间的合作。双 方探讨了两国的商业发展环境。在中国日益发展的市场上有大量的机会，我曾强调了在一些领域英国企业相信中国的商业环境会进一步完善。双方也注意到商业环境 中面临的挑战，将共同努力解决这些问题。我希望中国对于这些来自商界的意见可以有建设性地应对。双方认识到有效保护知识产权对促进创新和鼓励双边贸易的重 要性，特别是在高科技产品和服务领域。双方同意启动雄心勃勃的计划，在知识产权管理和实施方面深化技术合作。双方同意，建立企业双边贸易和投资的税收问题 的工作层面的对话机制。
We discussed the economic outlook for our countries.I outlined the decisive steps we have had to take to deal with Britain‘s deficit.And I assured the Vice Premier that Britain‘s economic and financial strengths will be further enhanced.Our business sector remains top-class with world-beating research, innovation and enterprise.London is the world‘s largest and leading international financial centre and I was pleased that we have agreed to strengthen our financial sector collaboration.We both agreed that further deepening of financial services ties between the UK and China will benefit both sides.We reiterated our commitment to work together to drive forward the reform of international financial regulation and
supervisory standards, and strengthen transparency and accountability in the financial sector.双方探讨了两国的经济发展前景。我概述了我们所采取的解决英国赤字问题的决定性措施。并且我可以和副总理确定的是英国的经济和金融实力将进 一步增强。我们的商业依然是一流的，拥有世界上最强大的研究、创新能力以及企业。伦敦是世界上最大的国际金融中心，发挥着引领的作用。我很高兴我们能够一 致同意加强金融领域的协作。双方一致认为，进一步加深英国和中国之间的金融服务关系对双方都是有利的。我们重申致力于合作推动国际金融监管标准的改革，加 强金融领域的透明度和问责制。
We are announcing an expansion of our unrivalled programme of bilateral technical collaboration and joint research on financial sector reform and development.This includes development of the offshore renminbi market, SME financing, corporate and government bond market development.We welcome the fact that China will soon allow foreign-invested banks to conduct bond underwriting business.We agree to explore the possibility of cross-cutting Exchange Trade Funds on our respective stock markets.We both reiterated our support for mutual listings arrangements that will allow Chinese companies to list in London and foreign firms to list in China 我们宣布，进一步拓展现有成果，继续致力于双边技术合作以及金融领域改革与发展方面的共同研究。包括离岸人民币市场、中小企业融资、公司和 政府债券市场的发展。我们期待着中国将尽快允许外资银行开展债券承销业务。我们同意探索研究交易型开放式指数基金（ETF）在对方国家相互上市的可能性。双方重申了对两国企业相互上市的支持，即允许中国企业在伦敦上市以及外国企业在中国上市。
It also gives me great pleasure to announce a deepening of our financial services ties through several commercial deals.The first securities joint venture in China for a British bank, Royal Bank of Scotland, whose Chairman is part of the UK delegation accompanying David Cameron and I.The bancassurance partnership between Hengan Standard Life and Bank of China, subject to the finalisation of commercial negotiations.And the granting to Aberdeen Asset Management of their funding quota for investment in Chinese markets.同时我非常高兴地宣布，以下几项商业协议的达成，进一步深化了两国金融服务的联系。苏格兰皇家银行，获批在中国成立了合资证券公司，这的第一家获此资格的英国银行，其主席也是此次随行代表团的成员。恒安标准人寿和中国银行之间建立银保合作伙伴关系（目前尚处于谈判阶段）。
So, Vice-Premier, let me conclude.Successful talks, between ever closer economic partners.Once again, thank you for hosting us.And I look forward to the 2011 dialogue in the United Kingdom.副总理，我确信，这是日益密切的经济合作伙伴之间的成功的会谈。再一次对您给予的款待表示感谢。
我期待着2011年在英国的对话。
让世博精神发扬光大
——在2010年上海世博会高峰论坛上的讲话
中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝
2010年10月31日 Expo Spirit Forever Address by H.E.Wen Jiabao Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China At the Expo 2010 Shanghai China Summit Forum
Shanghai, Oct.31, 2010 尊敬的各位来宾，女士们、先生们： Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, 举世瞩目的上海世博会即将落下帷幕。本届世博会以“城市，让生活更美好”为主题，充分展示了丰富多彩的当代文明成就，汇集了人类探索城市发展的共同智慧，创造了多项世博会的新纪录，谱写了世界博览史的辉煌篇章。The Expo 2010 Shanghai China is coming to close.This is an Expo that has attracted worldwide attention.Under the theme of ―Better City, Better Life‖, the Expo has put on display the splendid achievements of contemporary civilizations, pooled human wisdom in exploring the path of urban development, set many Expo-related records, and added a glorious chapter to the Expo history.上海世博会是一次成功的盛会，世博会云集了包括190个国家、56个国际组织在内的246个官方参展者，超
出以往历届世博会。从5月1日到今天，世博会参观者达到7000多万人次，创下参观人数的新纪录。人们从世界各地来到美丽的黄浦江畔，走进世博园，顶着烈日，冒着风雨排着长队耐心等候，只为一睹世博会的风采。本届世博会还第一次开辟了网上世博，为世界各地更多的民众参与世博会开启了一扇新的大门。上海世博会以最广泛的参与度，真正实现了世界人民的大团结。
Expo 2010 Shanghai has been a successful event.A total of 246 official participants, including 190 countries and 56 international organizations, have taken part in this Expo, more than in any previous Expo.Since 1 May, there have been more than 70 million visits to the Expo, another record number in the Expo history.People from around the world streamed to the Expo Site situated along the beautiful Huangpu River.Undeterredby the searing heat or soaking rain, they waited patiently in long lines to witness this much anticipated event.For the first time, an Online Expo was launched, opening a new window for more people to be part of the Expo.Through such extensive participation, Expo 2010 Shanghai has truly brought together people around the globe.上海世博会是一次精彩的盛会，近6平方公里的世博园仿佛是一个地球村，一座座风格迥异、造型别致的建筑物毗邻而居，随风舞动的英国馆、枫叶造型的加拿大馆，形同“丝路宝船”的沙特馆等各具特色。尽情挥洒着人类智慧的奇思妙想。世界各国的文化瑰宝纷纷闪亮登场，中国的战国铜车马，沙拉的雅典纳神像，法国印象派大师的传世之座，丹麦的小美人鱼、塞舌尔的亚达伯拉象等世界奇世文化珍品，让人目不暇接、美不胜收。平均每天100多场，总计2万多场次的文化演艺活动，荟萃了绚丽多姿的各国文化的精髓，给人心旷神怡的精神享受。全球许多政治家、企业家、政府官员和专家学者莅临中国，在上海世博会系列论坛上发表真知灼见，探索未来世界，碰撞出无数睿智的思想火花，给人以无限的遐想和启迪。上海世博会犹如一部写在大地上的百科全书，构成了一幅多元文化和谐共荣的美好画卷。
Expo 2010 Shanghai has been a splendid event.The Expo Site, which covers about six square kilometers, is like a global village.Here, you can find a rich variety of structures, each with its distinct and exquisite style, the British Pavilion resembling a huge dandelion dancing in the breeze, the Canadian Pavilion in the shape of a maple leaf, and the Saudi Pavilion which looks like a sailing treasure boat.And they all speak to the best of human ingenuity.Here, you can see on display rare cultural treasures of the world: the bronze chariot and horse sculpture from China's Warring States period, the statue of Athena from Greece, the masterpieces of French impressionistpainters, the Little Mermaid from Denmark and the Aldabra giant tortoises from the Seychelles.They are truly a feast to the eyes.Here, over 100 cultural performances were staged every day.Through a total of more than 20,000 cultural events, visitors got a taste of the quintessence of the world's diverse cultures and found it a rewarding cultural experience.Here political leaders, business people, government officials, experts and scholars gathered together at the series of Expo Forums to share insightful vies an discuss the future of the world, firing people with imagination and inspiration.All this has made Expo 2010 Shanghai an encyclopedia lying open on the land and a magnificent painting showcasing the integration and harmony of diverse cultures.上海世博会是一次难忘的盛会，世博会让渴望了解世界的中国人民,和渴望了解中国的各国朋友走在一起，相互间结下了深厚的友谊。世博会开幕式上，来自青海玉树灾区的两位藏族儿童和不同国家、不同肤色的孩子们牵手相拥，表现出人类在苦难面前同舟共济的兄弟的情谊。一位叫山田外美代的日本老人，人称“世博奶奶”。4年前就来到中国，为参观世博会探路，几年中往返中国18次，世博会开幕以后，她购买了183张门票，每天都出现在世博园。另一位来自中国浙江省年过七旬的农村老人，在上海租了一间小房子，为国内外参观者免费提供住宿，自己甘愿睡在小沙发上，感动了无数的人。最为引人注目的是8万多名身穿青色白裤的园区志愿者，人们亲切地称之为“小白菜”。还有近200万名城市志愿者活跃在街头巷尾。他们的灿烂笑容和热情服务，成为解读中国的真正名牌。
Expo 2010 Shanghai has been an unforgettable event.The Expo has brought together the Chinese people who wish to learn more about the world and foreign friends who wish to know more about China.Thanks to the Expo, they have forged a strong bond of friendship.At the opening ceremony of the Expo, two Tibetan kids from the earthquake-affected Yushu county of Qinghai Province joined kids of different countries and different colors.They embraced each other and held hands together.That scene is a vivid example of human solidarity and fraternityin the face of adversity.Yamada Tomiyo from Japan, known as ―Expo Granny,‖ began her 18 trips to China four years ago in anticipation of the event.When the Expo opened, she bought 183 tickets and came to visit the site every day.There is an old lady in her seventies from the countryside of Zhejiang Province.She rented a small apartment in Shanghai to provide free accommodation to Chinese and foreign visitors while she herself would sleep on a small couch.Her story has touched all of us.I would like
to mention in particular the more than 80,000 volunteers at the Expo site, whose green tops and white pants earned them the lovely nickname of ―Little Cabbages,‖ and the nearly two million volunteers working across the city.Their bright smiles and hospitable services are the best name card for a real China.上海世博会是在国际金融危机的背景下首次来到发展中国家，首次在一个特大城市的中心城区举办，这对中国是严峻的考验。八年来，我们举全国之力，集世界智慧，有条不紊地做好各项筹办工作，特别是上海人民，做出了无私的奉献。同时，国际展览局和往届世博会举办国也给予了宝贵的指导。世博会的成功举办凝结着无数人们的辛勤劳动，正是广大世博会的组织者、建设者、工作者、参观者、志愿者的真诚、智慧和汗水，共同铸就了世博会的辉煌。在这里，我谨代表中国政府，向一切参与世博、支持世博和为世博做出贡献的同志们和朋友们，表示衷心感谢和崇高敬意。
Expo 2010 Shanghai is the first Expo held by a developing country, the first held in the downtown area of a mega-city, and it was held under the shadow of the international financial crisis.This is a severe test to China and Shanghai.Over the past eight years, we mobilized resources throughout the Country and pooled the wisdom of the world in the preparation for the Expo.The people of Shanghai, in particular, made selfless contributions and the International Exhibitions Bureau and hot countries of past Expos provided valuable guidance.The success of the Expo could not have been possible without the tireless efforts of many people, including the organizers, construction workers, staff members, visitors and volunteers.It is their sincerity, wisdom and hard work that have rendered splendor to the Expo.On behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to express heartfelt gratitude and pay high tribute to all the comrades and friends who have participated in, supported and contributed to the Shanghai Expo.女士们、先生们： Ladies and Gentlemen, 上海世博会不仅荟萃了人类创造的物质文明，开阔了人们的眼界，而且为人类留下丰富的精神遗产，启迪了人们的心智，这是世博会的灵魂之所在。人类创造的一切文明成果，只有上升到精神和理性的高度时，才能成为人类的共同财富，并永久传承。今天，我们一起回顾这次盛会及其给我们留下的经验和启示，是很有意义的。
Expo 2010 Shanghai is an eye-opening event, showcasing the best material achievements of human civilizations.It will also leave behind a rich spiritual legacy and a constant source of inspiration.This is the soul of the Expo.Only when the fruits of human civilization are elevated onto the spiritual and philosophical level will they become the common assets of the entire humanity and be passed down from generation to generation.It is therefore highly relevant that we review this Expo and see what experience and inspiration we can draw from it.世博会鲜明弘扬了绿色、环保、低碳等发展的新理念。上海世博园本身就是一个低碳的典范，园内太阳能发电系统总装机容量高达4.6亿兆瓦，各类新能源汽车的运用超过千辆，象征工业文明的165米高的大烟囱被改装为气象信号塔。用最新低碳材料和节能技术建造的各国展馆比比皆是，馆内陈列的最新低碳技术和产品不计其数。首次设立的城市最佳实践区用一个个生动的案例、逼真的模型展示了世界各国在城市建设和管理方面的智慧，描述了未来城市生活的新模式。这些新理念反映出人类对发展含义的理解更加科学，在谋求发展的道路上更加理性、成熟，必将对未来的经济发展方式、产业结构和消费方式产生深远的影响。
The World Expo has promoted a new approach to development, i.e., green environment-friendly and low-carbon development.The Expo Site itself is a model of low-carbon development, where the solar power generation system has a total installed capacity of 4.6 megawatts, more than 1,000 cars are powered by new energy sources, and the 165-meter-high chimney symbolic of industrial civilization has been turned into a meteorological signal tower.Many pavilions are built with the latest low-carbon materials and energy-saving technologies, and numerous cutting-edge low-carbon technologies and products are on display.The Urban Best Practice Area, the first of its kind in the Expo history, illustrates the success stories of various countries in urban development and management and depicts a new way of future urban life with interesting cases and vivid models.These innovative ideas show that mankind has acquired a more scientific understanding of what development means and become more rational and mature in the pursuit of development.They will exerta far-reaching impact on the economic growth pattern, industrial structure and consumption model.世博会有力地证明了科技革命是推动社会进步的强大动力。科技进步是社会发展的重要标尺。1851年，英国举办第一届世博会，就是因为它是世界上最先开展工业革命的国家，并产生了很多科技产品。工业革命后带来的生产力发展令人震撼，在不到100年的时间中，人类社会所创造的生产力比过去一切时代创造的全部生产力还要多、还要大。如果和工业革命后的那一百年相比，人类在最近一百年创造的生产力不知又要大多少倍。上海世博
会展示了人类最新科技成就，如新一代移动通信、人工智能、新材料、生态节能建筑等，彰显了人类无尽的智慧和创造力。这些新技术、新能源和新材料的开发应用和推广，不但会对人类的生产和生活方式产生重大影响，还将引领未来的产业发展路径，为克服国际金融危机的深层次影响、推动全球经济持续复苏提供有力的支撑。
The World Expo is convincing proof that scientific and technological revolution is a strong driving force behind social progress.Science and technology advances are an important hallmark of social progress.The United Kingdom hosted the first World Expo in 1851, because it was the first country to launch the Industrial Revolution and manufactured a large number of technological products.The industrial revolution spurred an incredible growth in productivity.The productivity generated in the less than 100 years after the Industrial Revolution exceeded the sum total of productivity of all previous times.And the last 100 years have seen even greater increases of productivity than the 100 years following the Industrial Revolution.Expo 2010 Shanghai has shown mankind's latest achievements in science and technology, such as the new generation of mobile communications, artificial intelligence, new materials and eco-friendly construction, and they speak volumes about the immense human wisdom and creativity.The development, application and disseminationof these new technologies, new energy sources and new materials will not only have a major impact on the way we work and live, but also lead the course of industrial development in the future.They will also provide strong support for our efforts to overcome the underlying impact of the international financial crisis and promote sustained recovery of the world economy.世博会生动展现了人类文明的多样性。上海世博会为不同文化相互交流和融合提供了广阔的舞台，充分展示了世界的丰富多彩。这里不仅有欧美发达国家的高科技产品，而且有非洲独特的民族服饰和黑木雕，还有精美绝伦的加勒比海国家和太平洋岛国的手工制品。这些产品都是人们在长期劳动时间中智慧的结晶，蕴含着一个民族的价值观和理念，是一个民族凝固的文化。除了丰富的展品之外，世博园内每天都上演来自世界各地的精彩文艺节目，原汁原味的非洲土风舞，华丽恢弘的法国宫廷舞，热情洋溢的阿根廷探戈，凝练简洁的日本能剧，欢快浪漫的英格兰民族音乐，优美典雅的中国京剧。这些世界各国艺术的精华使世博会更加生动鲜活，更具吸引力。世博会告诉我们，每个国家、每个民族都有值得骄傲的传统文化，各种优秀文化都是人类文明的成果，都值得我们尊重和珍惜，一枝独秀不可能形成争奇斗艳的百花园。
The World Expo is a vivid demonstration of the diversity of human civilizations.The Shanghai Expo has offered a broad stage for inter-cultural exchanges and integration, reminding us that we live in a divers and colorful world.Here, one can see not only the high-tech products from the developed world such as the Unites States and Europe, but also national costumes and ebony sculptures unique to Africa and ingenious handicrafts from the Caribbean and Pacific island countries.These products epitomizethe human wisdom gained over the long course of productive activities, and embody the values and ideals of a nation.They are the material form of a nation's culture.In addition to the rich exhibits, there were dazzling art performances from across the world in the Expo Site every day, including the indigenous African dances, the elegant French court dance, the passionate Argentine tango the refined Japanese Noh theatre, the lively English folk music and the exquisite Peking opera.The artistic qualities of various cultures have added to the life and appeal of the Expo.The World Expo tells us that every country and every nation has a traditional culture to be proud of and that each fine culture is a fruit of human civilization and deserves our respect and care.One flower does not make a beautiful garden.世博会充分表明了追求平等、和谐是人类的共同愿望，世博会是世界人民的共同节日。参加世博会的每个人都是平等的，都是其中的一份子，如果没有相互理解和信任，没有对和平的热爱和对和谐的向往，就不可能有这么多国家和民族的人们欢聚在一起。首次集体亮相世博会的14个太平洋岛国和13个加勒比海岛国，有的是第一次参加世博会，有的还没有与中国建立外交关系，但是都兴高采烈地加入世博会的行列，这充分说明世博会是超越国家、民族、宗教界限的。上海世博会把服务参观者和参展方放在突出位置，园区内大量增设便民设施，特意挑选9家清真餐厅进驻，使人处处感受到浓厚的人文关怀。世博园内首次设立了残疾人馆，所有活动都有无障碍座位，并为残疾人馆提供轮椅租赁、无障碍寄存等各种特殊服务，充分体现了对每一个生命的尊重。世博会告诉我们，社会的发展进步并不仅仅看有多少高楼大厦，还应当关注每个人的现实需要和精神需求，让社会关爱的阳光温暖人们的心房。
The Expo has fully demonstrated that equality and harmony is the common aspiration of mankind.The Expo is a festive event for all people in the world, and everyone involved in the Expo is an equal member of the big Expo family.Without mutual understanding and trust, and without the live for peace and harmony, it would not have been possible for people from so many different countries and nations to come to this joyous gathering.Among the 14 Pacific island
countries and 13 Caribbean countries that made their first collective presence at the Expo, some are new to the World Expo and some do not yet have diplomatic relations with China.Yet they all participated with great interest and enthusiasm.This is a good example which shows that the World Expo is above national, ethnic and religious boundaries.Providing quality service to the visitors and participants is a top priority of Expo 2010 Shanghai.Many facilities for the convenience of visitors are installed in the expo Site.After careful selection, we invited nine Muslim restaurants to the Site to offer Muslim food.The commitment of taking good care of the visitors is shown in very detailed way.For the first time, a pavilion for disabled persons is established in the Expo Site.There is a variety of special services such as accessible seats for all activities, wheelchair rental and accessible depositories.Each individual is fully respected here.The Expo tells us that progress of a society is not just about the number of skyscrapers, but also meeting the practical and cultural needs of each individual and warming people's hearts with the sunshine of social care.女士们、先生们： Ladies and Gentlemen, 世博会历经159个春秋。在这一个半世纪中，发生过两次世界大战，出现过三次重要的科技革命，世界发生了沧桑巨变，科技进步和生产力水平都有史无前例的飞跃。上海世博会展示了人类社会发展进步的一面，也反映和折射出人类所面临的挑战、担忧和困惑。我们弘扬世博理念，就是要倡导人类携手应对各种挑战、共同促进人类和平与发展。
It has been 159 years since the first World Expo was held.The past one and a half centuries saw two world wars and three important scientific and technological revolutions.Out world has undergone a sea change and achieved unprecedented advancement in science and technology and productivity.The Shanghai Expo has showcased the progress of human society, and also reflected the challenges, concerns and confusions that mankind faces, The Expo spirit means that we must all work together to meet challenges and pursue peace and development.——我们要共同推进城市和谐发展。今天，全球一半以上的人口居住在城市，城市化一方面让人们享受了现代文明的成果，另一方面也伴随着人口膨胀、交通拥挤、贫困化、文化的冲突、金融危机等前所未有的挑战。上海世博会首次以城市为主题，对解决人类共同面对的难题进行开创性的探索，我们要认真总结上海世博会关于城市发展的宝贵思想成果，创新城市发展模式，建设经济集约高效、社会公平和睦、文化多元包容、生态环境良好的和谐城市，努力创造更加美好的城市生活。
--We should jointly promote harmonious urban development.More than half of the world population now lives in cities.Urbanization has on the one hand enabled people to enjoy the achievements of modern civilization and on the other presented such unprecedented challenges as swelling population, traffic congestion, poverty, cultural clashes and financial crises.The Expo 2010 Shanghai is the first Expo that features city as its theme and seeks to make pioneering exploration on tackling the common problems facing mankind.We need to review the valuable ideas on urban development generated at the Expo, innovate urban development models, build harmonious cities of high economic efficiency, social justice and amity, cultural diversity and inclusiveness and sound eco-environment, and strive for an even better urban life.——我们要推动广大农村地区的现代化。本届世博会描绘了未来城市美好生活的远景，但我们不能忘记世界上大部分地区，特别是发展中国家的农村还比较落后，全球主要贫困人口还生活在农村。没有农村的现代化就不可能有整个社会的现代化。我们应大力促进城乡协调发展，努力消除城乡差距，促进公共服务均等化，使广大农村成为生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的美丽家园。
--We should advance modernization in the rural areas.The Shanghai Expo outlines a vision for a better urban life in the future.Yet we must not forget that a large part of the world, particularly the rural areas in developing countries, is still lagging behind and the majority of the poor population live in rural areas, Without the modernization of those areas, modernization of the whole society would not be possible.We should vigorously promote coordinated urban and rural development, work to eliminate the gap between urban and rural areas, promote equal access to public services, and build the vast rural areas into a beautiful homeland enjoying greater productivity and prosperity and a better environment.——我们要帮助欠发达地区共同发展，我们从世博会主题论坛演讲者的焦虑神色中看到了世界发展的不平衡，感到了贫富差距扩大的缩影，人类同是地球大家庭的兄弟姐妹，应该秉承携手前进、共同发展的理念，竭尽所能帮助欠发达国家发展经济和改善民生，使世界各国人民共享人类文明的成果。
--We should help the less developed regions to achieve common development.We see from the eyes of speaker sat the Expo Theme Forums their concerns about uneven development and widening wealth gap in the world.All human
beings are brothers and sisters of the big family of the Earth.We should work hand in hand for common development, and do our best to help the underdeveloped countries in developing the economy and improving people's lives so that people of all countries can share the fruits of human civilization.——我们要共同珍惜和爱护地球家园。从世博会的展览、展示中可以看出，工业化、城市化、全球化在给人类带来无尽财富的同时也付出了资源枯竭、环境污染、生态破坏的巨大代价。地球不仅是我们从父辈那里继承来的，更是从我们的后代那里借来的。我们必须尊重自然、注重节约能源资源和保护生态环境，加快转变发展方式和调整经济结构，实现可持续发展，为子孙后代留下一个赖以生存和发展的地球家园。
--We should cherish and take good care of mother Earth.We can see from the Expo exhibits that, while generation enormous wealth, industrialization, urbanization and globalization have also cost us dearly in terms of resource depletion, environmental pollution and ecological degradation.We should not only see the Earth as something that we have inherited from our forebears, but also, and more importantly, as something that we have borrowed from our children and grandchildren.We must respect nature, place importance on resource conservation and environmental protection, and accelerate the transformation of the development model and economic restructuring in order to achieve sustainable development and leave to the future generation a planet where they can survive and thrive.——我们要共同维护世界和平与稳定。从世界各国积极参与世博会的热情中，我们深深感受到，追求和平进步、实现和谐共处、创造美好生活，是人类的共同愿望。世界各国应该理智处理民族矛盾、文化摩擦和地区冲突等热点问题，以和平的方式协商解决国际国内纷争，消除种族隔阂和冲突，共同建立持久、和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。--We should jointly uphold world peace and stability.We have felt keenly from the enthusiasm of all countries to participate in the Expo that peace progress, harmony and a better life are the common desire of people all over the world.It is important that countries handle ethnic tensions, cultural frictions and regional conflicts and other hotspot issues in a sensible way, seek peaceful solutions to international and domestic disputes through consultations, remover ethnic estrangementand strife, and work together to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.上海世博会对于中国人民来说，是一次向世界学习的良好机会。“一日观世博，胜读十年书。” 走进世博的场馆，不仅饱览了各国的美丽景观和奇珍异宝，也领略了各国的灿烂文化和风土人情，这种身临其境的现场感受和震撼是电视和书本都无法比拟的。世博会也是各国综合国力的展示，在这里，既看到了别人的长处，又发现了自己的差距。只有海纳百川、博采众长，才能跻身于世界先进之林；只有站在巨人的肩上，才能看得更远。世博会的成功举办，更加坚定了中国推进改革开放的信心和决心，中国将坚定不移地走和平发展和开放兼容的道路，学习和借鉴世界各国的优秀文明成果，深化同各国的互利合作，为人类文明进步事业作出更大贡献。
The Shanghai Expo has offered the Chinese people a good opportunity to learn from the world.One day in Expo is more rewarding that ten years' reading.The Expo pavilions enabled people to witness the beautiful scenery, precious treasures, splendid cultures and folk customs of various countries.No TV program and book can give us such first-hand experience.The Expo has also shown the comprehensive national strength of each country.From the exhibits, one can see not only the strengths of others bit also the gaps one has to bridge.Only an open and inclusive country can become an advanced one and only by standing on the shoulders giants can one look farther.The success of the Expo has strengthened China's confidence and resolve to pursue reform and opening-up.China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful developments of all civilizations, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries and make greater contribution to the progress of human civilization.上海世博会就要闭幕了，大家将要离开上海，回到各自的国家。你们带来的是一个国家的自豪，而带回去的却是整个世界的精彩。世博会孕育的文化精神将是不朽的，世博会的故事会经久流传。我衷心祝愿上海世博会给大家留下美好的回忆，祝愿世博精神在世界各地发扬光大，祝愿世界的明天更加美好。
The Shanghai Expo is coming to a close, and you will leave Shanghai and return to your home countries.You came with the pride of your individual countries, and you will leave with the splendor of the whole world.The cultural spirit of the World Expo will live on and its stories will be told for years to come.I sincerely hope that the Expo 2010 Shanghai China has been a memorable experience for you all.May the Expo spirit thrive across the world, and may our world be an even better place.【口译资料】国际展览局主席蓝峰在高峰论坛致辞
Ladies and Gentlemen，49 On behalf of the Bureau International des Expositions, it is my great pleasure to be here amongst you all today on this occasion for several reasons.First and foremost, this Summit Forum, which concludes a whole series of forums which you have held, reminds us of the importance of the theme of the Shanghai World Expo, the theme of a better city for a better life.A World Expo such as this one that we have experienced over the last six months is a grand celebration, but the future of World Expos is also instilled in a reflection on the themes concerning the great challenges to which our planet is confronted with today.The theme of the Shanghai World Expo is particularly relevant at a time when the majority of our planet‘s population is living in cities and while a large migration of the world‘s rural population is moving into the cities, in particular within developing countries.女士们，先生们，我很高兴能代表国际展览局，与在座各位一起参加今天全天的活动，原因有几点。首先，本次论坛是对前期举办的一系列论坛的总结，再次唤起我们每个人对上海世博会“城市，让生活更美好”这一主题的重视。我们在过去六个月中所经历的世博会是一场欢庆的盛会，而世博会的未来也体现在其主题涉及到当今世界所面临的各项重大挑战。当前，全球大部分人口生活在城市，大量农村居民还在不断向城市迁移，因此上海世博会的主题特别具有现实意义。
Secondly, the Shanghai Declaration which crowns your thoughts is a positive element as it reminds once again the consequences of a savage urbanisation;insecurity, pollution, heavy traffic, isolation of peoples, poverty sitting right next to richness, all these must be tackled head on.These challenges can find solutions: the Shanghai Declaration reminds us that technological advances contribute by delivering remedies.But nothing can progress without the political will of us all.Finally, my third and last message is that this declaration will only be worth the attention and follow-up that we all give to it.Too many declarations in the past have remained just words on a piece of paper, and many fixed objectives have failed due to the difficulties of implementation.其次，凝聚着大家思想精华的《上海宣言》是一项积极的成果，它再次提醒我们注意粗放式城市化带来的各种后果，包括不安全感、气候污染、交通堵塞、人际疏远、贫富分化等等，所有这些都需要我们直面应对。这些挑战是可以战胜的，《上海宣言》告诉我们，科技进步能帮助我们找到补救的方法。但要取得进步，需要我们每一个人都拿出政治意愿。我想谈的第三点也是最后一点是，只有重视《上海宣言》并持续跟进，才能确保实现其价值。过去达成的太多宣言最终都成了一纸空文，许多既定目标也由于在执行过程中困难重重而无法实现。
In this respect, I can but hope that, in the name of the Bureau International des Expositions, cooperation with the Chinese authorities, and in accordance with the methods that need to be defined, regular meetings together with the grass roots actors, the Mayors of large cities, architects, urbanists, sociologists and NGOs, will draft regular assessments of the implementation of this declaration that we have just adopted, in all our countries.The Shanghai Declaration crowns Expo 2010 Shanghai China.为此，我谨以国际展览局的名义，希望能与中国有关部门一起，根据有待进一步确定的各项办法，与基层工作者、各大城市市长、建筑设计师、城市规划师、社会学家和非政府组织开展经常性交流，对《上海宣言》在各国的实施情况进行定期评估。《上海宣言》代表了2010年上海世博会的最好成就。谢谢。
国新办今年前三季度国民经济情况发布会 中华人民共和国国家统计局新闻发言人
盛来运
2010年10月21日
National Economy Showed Good Momentum of Development in the First Three Quarters of 2010 Mr.Sheng Laiyun, Deputy Director-general of the Department of Comprehensive Statistics
October 21, 2010 女士们、先生们，各位媒体朋友们，大家上午好！非常高兴来发布前三季度国民经济运行情况，先向大家发布前三季度国民经济运行的主要指标数据，然后很高兴回答大家的问题。前三季度，面对复杂多变的国内外环境和各种重大挑战，在党中央、国务院的正确领导下，各地区、各部门坚持实施应对国际金融危机冲击的一揽子计划和各项政策措施，加快推进经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整，经济向好势头进一步巩固，继续朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。
第三篇：联合国教科文组织实习人员
2016年国际组织实习项目（联合国教科文组织实习人员）选派办法
第一章 总则
第一条 为服务国家外交工作，通过向国际组织输送人才更好地参与国际事务，培养和储备一批国际组织人才，国家留学基金管理委员会（简称国家留学基金委）设立并实施国际组织实习项目。
第二条 根据与联合国教科文组织签署的合作协议，国家留学基金委将选拔资助优秀学生赴联合国教科文组织总部及其地区办事处（驻华办事处除外）实习。
第二章 选派计划
第三条 2016年计划选派21人赴教科文组织总部及地区办事处实习。第四条 选派对象
（一）国内高校或科研机构优秀应届本科、硕士、博士毕业生。
（二）国外高校或科研机构的国家公派或自费应届本科、硕士、博士毕业生。
（三）申请时已获得联合国教科文组织录用函（通知）尚未开始实习的人员。第五条 实习期限一般为6-12个月，具体以联合国教科文组织录用通知为准。第六条 国家留学基金为留学人员提供一次往返国际旅费、资助期限内的奖学金（包括伙食费、住宿费、交通费、电话费、医疗保险费、交际费、一次性安置费、签证延长费、零用费等）和艰苦地区补贴。奖学金资助标准为1800欧元（2400美元）/人/月，艰苦地区补贴按照《国家公派留学人员艰苦地区补贴标准》提供。
第三章 申请条件
第七条 热爱社会主义祖国，具有良好的思想品德和政治素质，无违法违纪记录。第八条 具有坚定理想信念和为祖国服务的强烈事业心、责任感、献身精神。第九条 具有中华人民共和国国籍，不具有国外永久居留权。年龄满18周岁，不超过32周岁（1983年1月1以后出生）。
第十条 身体健康、心理健康，诚实守信，意志坚定。
第十一条 具有较强的综合素质、国际视野和多元文化意识，熟悉国际合作规范。第十二条 精通英语和（或）法语；同时掌握其他联合国官方语言者优先，具体详见岗位要求。第十三条 具备优秀的计算机及社交媒体方面的知识，以及熟练运用办公软件的能力。第十四条 能够适应国际工作环境，以及具备良好的人际沟通能力。第十五条 符合实习岗位的其他要求。
第四章 选拔办法
第十六条 遵循“公开、公平、公正”的原则，采取“个人申请，单位推荐，专家评审，择优录取”的方式进行选拔。
第十七条 申请人根据教科文组织公布的2016年岗位需求，选择2-3个意向岗位，并在个人陈述中予以说明。同等条件下，优先考虑录用赴艰苦地区和服从岗位调剂的申请人。
第十八条 网上报名及申请受理时间为2016年1月15日-25日。申请人须在此期限内登录国家公派留学信息管理系统进行网上报名（http://apply.csc.edu.cn），按照《2016年国际组织实习项目网上报名指南（赴联合国教科文组织实习人员）》在线提交申请材料。所有材料应确保齐全、真实有效。
第十九条 推选单位应对申请人的资格、综合素质、发展潜力、国际交流能力、品德修养及身心健康情况等方面进行审核后出具有针对性的单位推荐意见。推选单位在对申请材料进行认真审核后，将申请材料统一提交至相关受理单位。在外留学人员直接进行网上报名。
第二十条 国家留学基金委委托以下单位（以下简称受理单位）负责申请受理工作：“211工程”建设高校负责受理本校人员（学生及在职人员）的申请；在外留学人员的申请委托现就读院校或科研机构所在国我驻外使（领）馆教育处（组）负责受理；其他人员的申请由所在省/直辖市教育厅（教委）有关国家留学基金申请受理机构负责受理（详见国家留学网受理机构通讯录）。
国家留学基金委不直接受理个人申请。
第二十一条 受理单位应在2016年1月29日前将书面公函及推荐人选名单提交至国家留学基金委，并同时通过信息平台提交申请人的电子材料。申请人的书面材料由受理单位留存，留存期限为2年。
第二十二条 国家留学基金委于2016年2-3月对申请人进行资格审核、笔试及专家面试，确定候选人并向联合国教科文组织推荐。
第二十三条 教科文组织于2016年4-5月对候选人进一步进行考核（电话面试/视频面试等）后，根据自身岗位要求确定最终录取人员。
第二十四条 申请人应充分考虑未来就业、学业等因素，慎重申报，避免录取后放弃资格的情况。
第五章 派出与管理 第二十五条 被录取人员需与教科文组织签订合同，并按合同规定按期派出。未按期派出者留学资格自动取消。未经批准放弃资格或不按期派出者，5年内不得再申请国家留学基金资助。
第二十六条 国家留学基金委将对录取人员开展行前培训。
第二十七条对选派人员按照国家公派留学人员相关规定进行管理。人员派出前，须与国家留学基金委签订《资助出国留学协议书》并办理公证、交存保证金、国际旅行健康证书等（具体请登录国家留学网www.xiexiebang.com。
第四篇：联合国教科文组织总干事2011妇女节致辞
联合国教科文组织总干事2011妇女节致辞时间:2011-03-08 09:29来源:口译网 作者:口译网 点击:1403次
Message on the occasion of the International Women’s Day
of the UNESCO Director-General, Irina BokovaMarch 201
12011年三八国际妇女节致辞
联合国教科文组织总干事 伊琳娜·博科娃
2011年3月8日
International Women’s Day was first honoured one hundred years ago in a handful of European countries.Since then, the celebrationhas become global, and much has been achieved.The2011 International Women’s Dayis an opportunity to celebrate achievements and mobilize against the challenges that remain.一百年前在欧洲的一小部分国家首次庆祝了“国际妇女节”，此后，它便成为全球性的庆祝活动，而且取得了很大的成果。2011年的国际妇女节 使我们有机会颂扬成就并动员力量应对依然存在的挑战。
There is no room for complacency.Less than 40 percent of countries provide girls and boys with equal access to education.Had we reached gender parity in primary education in 2008, there would have been an additional 3.6 million girls in school.Disparities have increased at the secondary level in Africa over the last decade.Only 29 percent of researchers in the world today are women.Two-thirds of the world’s 796 million illiterate adults are women.我们并没有什么可自满的。只有不到百分之四十国家的女孩和男孩有着平等接受教育的权利。如果世界各国在 2008年能够实现初等教育性别平衡的话，就能再有360万女孩进入小学。在过去的十年里，非洲中等教育中的性别失衡问题变得更为严重。当今世界科研人员中妇女的比例仅为29%。全世界7.96亿成人文盲中三分之二是妇女。
The impact is serious.Inequality costs lives in terms of child mortality.It blights lives in terms of poverty and marginalization.And it slights lives in terms of opportunities for growth and development.这种影响的后果是严重的。性别不平等导致儿童死亡率的上升，意味着生命的丧失。从贫困和边缘化的角度来看，它使生活变得更加恶劣。因为影响到成长和发展的机会，它也使生命变得更加脆弱。
Gender equality is a red thread weaving through all UNESCO activities to promote international cooperation in education, the sciences, culture, communication and information.We seek to promote basic human rightsin order to transform our societies and lay the foundations for equitable and sustainable human development.性别平等是贯穿教科文组织所有促进教育、科学、文化、传播与信息领域国际合作活动的一条主线。我们努力促进基本人权和社会变革，为公平和可持续的人类发展奠定基础。
This year’s International Women’s Day is inspired by the theme of ‘Equal access to education, training and science and technology: Pathway to decent work for women.’ This goes to the heart of UNESCO’s mission.We work to strengthen the bridges between education, training, science and technology and the labour market in order to promote equal opportunity to decent employment.This starts early, with quality education for all girls and young women from the primary to the tertiary level.It continues with vocational training and education for women who have not acquired basic skills.It proceeds with creating positive role models and career tracks – especially in such areas as science and technology.今年国际妇女节弘扬的主题是“平等接受教育、培训和利用科技的权利：妇女通往体面工作之路”。这正是教科文组织的核心使命。我们努力加强教育、培训、科技与劳动市场之间的衔接，从而促进平等的体面就业机会。为此需要从更早期入手，为所有女孩和女青年提供从小学到大学阶段有质量的教育。要继续为没有掌握基本技能的妇女提供职业培训与教育，并进而树立积极的表率模式和职业途径--尤其是在科技等领域。
These goals guide UNESCO’s work in leading the Education for All initiative.They inspire our partnership with L’Oreal to promote women in scientific research.They explain our work in Pakistan to support income generation for women after the floods of 2010 and to increase literacy among women in Afghanistan.这些目标引导着教科文组织牵头开展全民教育活动，也激励我们与欧莱雅开展合作，促进妇女开展科学研究。正是为了这些目标，我们在2010年洪灾后与巴基斯坦一起支持为妇女开展创收活动，以及努力让更多的阿富汗妇女扫盲。
UNESCO is geared up to do much more – to work with official and private sector partners to provide system-wide policy support forgovernments, to enhance nonformal education and to open learning opportunities for adult women.UNESCO has real leadership in these areas, and we will make the most of this.教科文组织已经准备就绪，将为此做更多的工作--与官方和私营部门合作伙伴一起，向各国政府提供全系统的政策支持，进一步为成年妇女提供非正规教育和开放式学习的机会。教科文组织在这些领域可以发挥切实的领导作用，我们将充分利用这一机会。
Without basic skills, decent work has become a distant dream for too many women.The worlds of science and technology – so important for our lives today – remain beyond the reach of most.Human rights are being violated.Tremendous talents are being lost.This International Women’s’ Day is a chance for us all to address these challenges.In times of economic difficulty, there is no better investment.对许多没有基本技能的妇女来说，要想得到体面的工作那是一个遥远的梦想。对我们今天的生活如此重要的科技世界，大部分人却依然可望而不可及。人权还在受到侵犯。大量的人才在流失。今年的国际妇女节使我们所有人有机会来应对这些挑战。在经济困难时期，这就是最好的投资
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第五篇：项目申报程序
以工代赈示范项目申报程序
（一）申报前期工作：
1、深入项目区调研，广泛征求项目区群众意见，初步拟定建设内容；
2、对拟定的建设内容进行现场核实，所有数据要求准确、真实；
3、全面掌握项目区基本情况（包括人口、贫困状况、贫困人口、项目建设材料来源及当地建设费用等）；
4、编制项目建议书（项目概况、项目区基本情况、建设的必要性和可行性、项目主要建设内容、项目概算、投资来源及构成和效益分析等）
（二）申报要件：一阶段：
1、乡镇申报要件：申报立项文件（项目名称、建设性质、实施单位、建设期限、建设地点、建设内容、投资规模及资金来源等）；文件附件：项目建议书；乡镇根据县立项文件办理国土、规划、环评等手续并委托有资质的咨询单位编制项目可行性研究报告。
2、县级申报要件：可行性研究报告审批请示文件，文件附件：可行性研究报告；国土、规划、环评等相关要件；备案卡；投资项目编报导出资料。
二阶段：市发改委对可研报告批复，项目实施单位委托有资质的咨询单位编制项目作业设计，县发改委审批作业设计及概算，并编制项目资金建议文件上报市发改。
三阶段：下达投资计划。根据《以工代赈项目管理办法》，除有桥梁、河堤等控制性工程外，项目可以不进行招投标。
（三）项目建设：投资计划下达后，项目及可开工建设。项目建设主要由乡镇人民政府组织实施，乡镇人民政府成立领导小组，负责项目建设管理，并落实专人现场监督，随时接受项目管理部门检查。项目完工后，乡镇人民政府组织自查验收，验收合格后申请县级验收，县项目管理部门会同财政局、农委和水利部门开展县级验收，验收合格后，项目责任单位收集整治项目建设资料，接受审计部门审计。
以工代赈项目申报审批程序
农村饮水安全项目申报审批程序
在批准的规划范围内，项目实施方案由可行性研究报告和初步设计合并编制，达到初步设计深度，由区县（自治县）水行政主管部门提出审查意见，区县（自治县）发展改革部门审批，报市发展改革委、市水利局备案。
项目计划执行、建设管理、资金使用、工程质量、工程资料、建后管护、供水水质以及有关政策、法规和技术标准执行等情况。其中，对无质检部门工程质检报告或报告结论不合格、无审计部门审计报告或报告反映问题严重、无卫生部门水质检测记录或水质检测不合格者实行一票否决制，工程不予验收。
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