第一篇：大一期末考试英语试题5
05 Passage1
When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York from London for a one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them.They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture.But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using.The renting of home furnishings(beds, tables, dishes, and so on)has become one of America's fastest growing businesses.What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? Many kinds of people: international businessmen, government officials, airline workers, young married couples--the people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city(or country)to another.They are saved the trouble and cost of moving their furniture each time.They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new home.Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they will soon grow to dislike.They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like.Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy.One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture so much they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things.But they don't like to tell people about it.The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think.1.The passage is mainly about ____.[A] how some people buy their furniture [B] how some people buy their house [C] why some people move their furniture from place to place [D] why some people rent their furniture
2.What is the characteristic in common about those who rent home furnishings?____ [A] They are wealthy.[B] They are poor.[C] They have to move frequently.[D] They like to change their furniture frequently.3.It can be concluded from the passage that young people ____.[A] like good and expensive furniture [B] like to move about [C] like furnished apartments [D] like to buy used furniture 4.The family keeps renting the furniture because ____.[A] it is cheaper that way [B] they like the furniture very much [C] they cannot afford to buy better furniture [D] they will have to move soon
5.What people are not likely to rent furniture?____ [A] International businessmen.[B] Government officials.[C] Young married couples.[D] Old couples.05 Passage2 Do you want to know something about the history of weather? Don't look at the sky.Don't look for old weather reports.Looking at tree rings is more important.Correct weather reports date back only one century, but some trees can provide an exact record of the weather even further back.It is natural that a tree would grow best in a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfall.It is also expected that little sunlight or rainfall would limit the growth of a tree.The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate can be determined by reading the pattern of rings in a tree trunk.To find out the weather of ten years ago, count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the inside.If the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurred.If the rings are close together, then the climate was bad for the tree.Studying tree rings is important not only for the history of weather, but also for the history of man.In a region of New Mexico you can find only sand--no trees and no people.However, many centuries ago a large population lived there.They left suddenly.Why? A scientist studied patterns of dead tree rings which had grown there.He decided that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees.Trees were necessary to make fires and buildings.So, after the people destroyed the trees, they had to move.In this instance studying tree rings uncovered an exciting fact about the history of man.6.It is understood that in a favorable climate ____.[A] tree rings grow close together [B] tree rings grow far apart
[C] trees in New Mexico will grow big and tall [D] people can cut down most of the trees in New Mexico 7.Why did ancient people usually live where there were plenty of trees?____ [A] Trees provided them with shades.[B] Trees indicated plenty of sunlight and rainfall.[C] Trees were material for burning and building houses.[D] Trees provided them with fruit and food.8.The scientists are interested in studying tree rings because they can tell ____.[A] whether in that area the climate was favorable or not.[B] whether a particular tree was healthy or not.[C] whether people took good care of the trees or not.[D] how old the trees were 9.Studying dead tree rings shows ____.[A] where the people had to go [B] what the people had to eat [C] how the people left [D] why people had to leave
10.The people had to leave the region of New Mexico because ____.[A] they had cut down all the trees [B] there were many trees there [C] they had no water [D] bad weather stopped the growth of trees.05 Passage3 Why are flowers different colors, animals different colors, and people different colors? Colors come from pigment(色素).Different kinds of pigment make things different colors.The main kind of pigment in human eyes, hair, and skin is called melanin(黑色素).It makes the cells in living things brown or black.Most people, even those with light coloring, have some melanin pigment in their eyes, hair, and skin.But not everyone has the same amount of melanin.Some Negroes, for example, have a lot of melanin pigment.Their eyes, hair, and skin are black or dark brown.Some people, called albinos(白化病患者), have almost no melanin pigment.Their hair and skin are white, and their eyes are pink.Other people have different amounts of melanin pigment.Japanese and Chinese people don't have yellow skin.Their skin is really brown, because it has melanin pigment in it.The American Indian doesn't have red skin.He, too, has brown skin.And the “white” man isn't really white.His skin also contains melanin.When he stays out in the summer sun, his skin turns brown.That is because sunshine produces more melanin in the skin.Dark skin protects people from strong sunlight.This may be why most people in hot, sunny parts of world have dark skin.In northern countries, where there is less sun, most people have light skin.Light-skinned and dark-skinned people may move to different countries, but their skin color stays the same.And they usually pass on their skin color to their children.The color of your skin comes from your parents and from your ancestors who lived thousands of years ago.11.The best title for this selection is ____.[A] Eyes, Hair and Skin [B] Melanin in Flowers [C] How to make Melanin [D] What Makes People Dark or Light? 12.____have almost no melanin.[A] Albinos
[B] Some white people [C] People living in the North [D] Japanese and Chinese people 13.The color of the skin is determined by the amount of ____.[A] melanin [B] pigment [C] cells [D] albinos 14.Which of the following statements is NOT true?____ [A] Scientifically speaking, yellow people don't have yellow skin.[B] American Indian doesn't have red skin.He has yellow skin.[C] Dark-skinned people live more comfortably than light-skinned people in hot areas.[D] White-skinned people have less melanin than dark-skinned people.15.In this selection, “ancestors” probably means ____.[A] relatives who lived long ago [B] people from different countries [C] people who live in your country [D] people of the same color as you 05 Passage 4 Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you knew was in trouble--and he was? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP(超感官知觉).ESP stands for Extrasensory Perception.It may be called a sixth sense.It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away.Here's an example: A woman was ironing clothes.Suddenly she screamed, “My father is dead!I saw him sitting in the chair!” Just then, a telegram came.The woman's father had died of a heart attack.He had died sitting in a chair.There are thousands of stories like this one on record.Scientists are studying them to find out what's behind these strange mental messages.Here's another example--one of hundreds of dreams that have come true: A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by.The driver said, “There's room for one more”.The man felt the driver was Death, so he ran away.The next day, the man was getting on a crowded bus.The bus driver said, “There's room for one more”.Then the man saw that the driver's face was the same face he had seen in the dream.He wouldn't get on the bus.As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames.Everyone was killed!Some people say stories like these are lies or coincidences.Others, including some scientists, say that ESP is real.From studies of ESP, we may someday learn more about the human mind.16.The best title for this selection is ____.[A] The Human Mind [B] A horrible Dream [C] A Big Lie [D] A Sixth Sense 17.ESP lets people know ____.[A] about their dreams [B] about events after they happen [C] about events before they happen [D] about heart attacks 18.The studies of ESP could be an important way to ____.[A] understand the human mind [B] predict death [C] understand the five senses [D] avoid accidents 19.The example of the man shows an ability to ____.[A] avoid traffic accidents [B] judge the good and evil of a person [C] know about events that are happening some distance away [D] sense a danger that will actually happen later on
20.In the last paragraph, the word “coincidences” probably means ____.[A] things which do not happen [B] things which happen by accident without necessary connection [C] things which are only dreams [D] things dreamed of only by sick people
第二篇：大一期末考试英语试题8
Passage 1
The school is a complex social structure, existing in its own right yet surrounded by other groups which to some extent control and influence it.Individuals in a school are subject to a variety of pressures both within the school and outside it.What are these influences, and where do they originate?
There are four major elements which produce and receive influences : the teacher, the child, the school itself and the outer community.These four elements will influence and be influenced by each other at many levels in a variety of ways.The teacher, for example, brings into the school all his own habits of mind, attitudes, beliefs, values, ways of doing things and seeing the world which he has inherited from the society in which he was brought up.These factors will influence the children, the school and the community outside.The child brings into the school everything which he has learned in his family--habits, attitudes, beliefs etc.--and the teacher and the school will respond to these.The school itself is a social organization with special requirements of behavior, influenced by the generally accepted values and traditions of education, built up over the years.Both the child and the teacher must adapt themselves to these.The school influences the wider community around it, both by producing the manpower with the skills needed by society, and by shaping the beliefs and attitudes of the young entering society.As for the community, it influences the actual organization of the school through such groups as governors, parent-teacher associations, administrators etc., and in a less formal way, it is represented by those working in the school, the children, the teachers and servicing staff.With all these factors in mind, it is obvious that schools may differ greatly according to the nature of the community which they serve.Every area has its own geographical, economic and historical character which may be reflected in the school.For example, a school serving a community which is dominated by one major industry may need to organize itself according to the expectations of job opportunities which will be available to the children as they leave to find work.A school in a remote rural area may be slanted in a different direction.Similarly, the presence in the neighborhood of one particular social class, race or religion may be reflected in the school.1.By saying “the school is a complex social structure, ” the author means that ____ [A] the school is existing in a complex society.[B] the school is organized in much the same way that the society is organized.[C] the school is always controlled by influential individuals.[D] the school is always influenced by the people within and outside it.2.According to the author, the teacher of a school must ____ [A] understand the nature of the outer community.[B] respect the children's habits, attitudes, beliefs, etc.[C] meet the behavioral requirements of the school.[D] acquire the skills needed by the society.3.The school may influence the community around it by ____ [A] helping children from their outlook and their values of life.[B] changing teachers' beliefs and attitudes.[C] organizing parent-teacher associations.[D] hiring administrators and the servicing staff.4.The community influences the organization of school through ____ [A] administrators and governors.[B] teachers and children.[C] those working in the school.[D] all of the above
5.Which of the following may NOT be reflected in the school? ____ [A] The expectations of job opportunities in the nearby industry.[B] The social gatherings in the neighborhood.[C] The geographical character of the community.[D] The religious belief of the community members.6.It can be inferred from the context that the word slanted in the last sentence but one roughly means ____ [A] improved.[B] organized.[C] built.[D] slided.7.From the passage we may draw the conclusion that ____ [A] the four elements often influence the social structure.[B] the four elements are usually inseparable.[C] the four elements always affect each other.[D] the four elements may be dominated by the major
Passage 2
I'm afraid we have to accept the fact that criminals are getting younger all the time, but unfortunately the offences they commit are becoming proportionately more serious.I only wish we didn't have to admit this but, in doing so, we must first ask ourselves what's wrong with our society that our children apparently couldn't care less about law and order.The days of the sneak thief who stole a couple of apples off a barrel or nicked a packet of sweets from a chain store are virtually over.I had occasion to say this to a young offender the other day.'Sweets from a chain store? ' he said, 'you must be joking.That's kid's stuff.' I may add that he was aged eleven.In other words, today's young criminals would find it laughable to risk being caught for petty theft of this description.They've got enough money in their pockets to buy the sweets they want, anyway.I think we have come to the point where it's all too easy to put the blame on anyone but ourselves.Faced as they are with a society that frequently rejects them on the grounds of color, race or low academic ability, these children turn to crime as a means of boosting their self-esteem.Nurtured on films and TV glamorizing the role of the criminal, they are quick to identify with these anti-heroes.It is a matter of increasing concern to the Police and magistrates that the Children and Young Persons Act, 1969 is becoming inadequate to deal with the rise in juvenile delinquency.Because the emphasis has been placed on the cause and treatment of their delinquency, rather than an old-fashioned methods of punishment, the children themselves are well aware that there is very little that can be done to prevent them continuing to mug, vandalize and in some case even cause the death of those they choose to terrorize.I don't like the look of this situation any more than you do.In our own interests and in those of our children and grandchildren, we cannot continue to take the 'it's nothing to do with me' attitude we have adopted for so long.We must unite in a common demand for harsher and more disciplined methods against these young offenders.8.According to the author, crimes committed by teenagers can be ____.[A] very serious [B] very minor [C] the least serious [D] serious but harmless
9.The article says that children nowadays ____.[A] are unable to learn about law and order [B] have already known too much about law and order [C] hardly care about law and order [D] are greatly concerned about law and order
10.The question 'Sweets from a chain store? ' means whether ____.[A] he wanted some sweets from a chain store [B] he was caught while stealing sweets from a chain store [C] the days of stealing sweets from a chain store were over [D] stealing sweets from a chain store was illegal
11.Today's young criminals wouldn't commit such offences as stealing some fruit because ____.[A] they are afraid of being caught on the spot [B] people will laugh at them [C] they have enough money to buy them [D] it is not worth the risk
12.According to the author, the reason why some youngsters tend to commit crimes is, psychologically speaking, that ____.[A] they are often rejected on the grounds of race, color or education [B] they don't know what they are doing is against the law [C] they think it the only way of showing their self-respect [D] both A and C
13.Young people have seen so much violence and crime on TV and films that they ____.[A] know very well what crime is [B] can tell a criminal from a hero easily [C] have become tired of them [D] would like to have a try themselves
14.In dealing with juvenile delinquency, the author is apparently in favor of ____.[A] severe punishment once used in the past [B] showing great concern about our children [C] more patient methods in reforming young offenders [D] treating every young offenders as our own child Passage 3 Influenza has been with us a long, long time.According to some Greek writers, the outbreak of 412 B.C.was of influenza.The same has been suggested of the sickness that swept through the Greek army attacking Syracuse in 395 B.C.Flu is a disease that moves most quickly among people living in crowded conditions, hence it is likely to attack armies.During the nineteenth century there were five widespread outbreaks of influenza.Like the present outbreaks, it started in Asia.For more than forty years before that outbreak, influenza had steadily decreased and was believed to be dying out.But in 1889-90 a new series of outbreaks started and for the next quarter of a century flu remained a constant threat.In April 1918 flu broke out among American troops stationed in France.It quickly spread through all the armies but caused relatively few deaths.Four months later, however, a second outbreak started which killed not only the old and already sick but also healthy young adults.It went through every country in the world, brought the life of whole countries to a stop.Before the outbreak ended, it had killed at least 15 million people.The 1918 outbreak was never controlled.It simply burned itself out after taking a great number of human lives.Before man could have done much to lessen the effect of such an outbreak he would have had to find the influenza virus so that vaccine could be developed.It would also help to have an international reporting system so that countries threatened with the disease could prepare to defend themselves.The first big advance was made in 1933, when a team of British doctors found the type A influenza virus.In 1940 a doctor of the United States found type B.Later type C was found, along with many sub-groups of type A and B.Vaccines were prepared and used widely by the armies during the Second World War to prevent outbreaks.The flu virus proved trickier than most.A vaccine good against one type gave no protection against another.Indeed type A virus changes its nature so quickly that a perfectly good vaccine may lose its value because of the change.This increases the need for speedy discovery of flu outbreaks, so that stocks of the right vaccine can be prepared quickly after an outbreak.Starting such a warning system was one of the first things done by the World Health Organization.15.Influenza has been known ____.[A] for about 395 years [B] since before the time of Christ [C] for about a thousand years [D] for about 412 years
16.Flu spreads most quickly ____.[A] in cold weather [B] among people living close together [C] in dirty quarters of a city [D] among Asians
17.For a time during the last century it was believed that influenza ____.[A] could be cured easily [B] would kill everybody [C] was not to break out again [D] would remain a constant threat
18.The flu outbreak of 1918 was so serious that it killed ____.[A] one million people [B] several million people [C] fifteen million people [D] seven million people
19.One reason that the flu outbreak of 1918 could not be controlled was that ____.[A] the virus could not be found and vaccine developed [B] people would not follow the doctors' advice [C] doctors were not interested in it at first [D] it was caught by mostly old and sick people
20.An important way of protecting people from flu during the 1918 outbreak would have been ____.[A] a good international reporting system [B] a warmer climate [C] a better medical insurance system [D] a group of better trained doctors
21.Flu vaccines are different from other vaccines in that ____.[A] they are widely used by armies [B] they were first developed by army doctors [C] they are good for only one type of the disease [D] they change their nature quickly
22.Influenza is a disease which can be best dealt with by ____.[A] military organizations [B] worldwide health organizations [C] national medical organizations [D] regional health organizations
23.If you had to give flu a nickname, you might choose ____.[A] Old Man Sickness [B] Cold Weather Trouble [C] Soldier Sickness [D] Asian Sickness [总题数:23;总分数:46分;总参考时间:46分0秒]
第三篇：大一期末考试英语试题6
06 Passage 1
Lane waited on the bench nearest the bridge, as he had been instructed.The strong cold wind blew straight across the river, and he had to pull his overcoat closer about him.He went over his instructions in his mind.The agent would appear at four o'clock.He would chat to Lane for a while, after which he would get up, leaving his newspaper behind.The plans would be found inside.A distant clock began to strike the hour.As if from nowhere, a man appeared and sat down beside Lane, placing his newspaper on the seat between them.He was thin and middle-aged, and seemed in need of a good meal.He didn't look like a successful spy, Lane thought.He bore no resemblance to Lane's idea of a successful spy.His conversation about the weather was painfully uninteresting.A few minutes later he got up and continued on his way.Lane picked up the paper which lay on the bench, as if he wanted to look at the news.He was excited to see the plans, pinned to the centre page.At that moment, however, there was a strong gust of wind which lifted the newspaper into the air, like a kite, and blew it into the river.1.Sitting on the bench, Lane ____.[A] memorized his orders [B] recited his orders [C] tried to remember his orders [D] repeated his orders to himself
2.The agent was going to give Lane some important ____.[A] papers [B] information [C] instructions [D] advice 3.Lane found the agent very ____.[A] impressive [B] peculiar [C] ordinary [D] well-fed 4.The agent left the newspaper ____.[A] by arrangement [B] at Lane's request [C] by mistake [D] out of kindness 5.Lane ____.[A] got rid of the plans quickly [B] lost the plans [C] threw the plans away [D] managed to save the plans
06
Passage 2
Do you want a car? Many people want to get rid of(摆脱)their cars, and they are doing just that.Police say that about 110 cars are abandoned every night in New York city.Why do people leave their cars to be towed(拖)away by the police? Maybe the car just doesn't run any more.It would have to be towed to the junk dealer.Besides the cost of towing, the car owners would have to find a way to get home from the junk yard.This might cost money, too.So the license plates are removed, and the car is abandoned.How can the police stop people from filling the streets with abandoned cars? Faced with about 21,000 abandoned cars a year, the Chicago police made a plan.They checked engine registration numbers and were able to find the owners of the cars.Then the owners were charged for the towing.So far, the plan has turned the problem into a profit.The city has collected almost a million dollars from the towing, and sale of abandoned cars.Even if the city police can stop people from abandoning cars, we still must face the problem of cars that wear out.At present, there are about 40 million cars in junk yards across the country, and that number keeps going up.How can the U.S.Get rid of its large and growing car junk yards? A U.S.Senator from Illinois said that the government should use the tax collected on new cars to pay for the “burial” of old cars.If you're thinking of looking for and fixing up an abandoned car, forget it!You have to have a bill of sale or title from the owner before you can get new license plates.6.The author's purpose is ____.[A] to call for a tax on new cars [B] to praise the Chicago police [C] to tell about the problem of abandoned and worn-out cars [D] to tell you how to get a car 7.From the information in this article, you could not say that ____.[A] abandoned cars are a nuisance [B] worn-out cars are piling up in junk yards [C] Chicago police found a solution to abandoned cars [D] if you want a car, find one that's been abandoned 8.If one has to drive a car legally, one has to ____.[A] have a license plate
[B] pay for the towing of the car [C] get rid of his old car properly [D] pay for the burial of his old car 9.In this selection, the word “tow” probably means ____.[A] sell [B] drag [C] throw [D] collect 10.A word opposite in meaning to “profit” is ____.[A] expense [B] gain [C] loss [D] payment 06 Passage 3 About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people.Many of these words are technical words.When there is a new invention or discovery, a new word may be created after the inventor or scientist.It is interesting to observe how many common words have found their way into the language from the names of people.Lord(贵族)Sandwich who lived from 1718--1792 used to sit at the gambling(赌博)table eating slices of bread with meat in between.As the Lord was the only one among his friends who ate bread in that way, his friends began to call the bread “sandwich” for fun.Later on the word became part of the English language.The word “boycott” means to refuse to have anything with somebody or something.It comes from a man called Captain Boycott.He was a land agent in 1880 and he collected rents and taxes(税)for an English landowner in Ireland.But the Captain was a very hard man.He treated his poor tenants(房客)very badly.His tenants decided not to speak to him at all.Eventually word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed.The word “boycott” became popular and was used by everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott.11.A few hundred ____come from the names of people.[A] new inventions [B] languages [C] English words [D] new discoveries 12.Lord Sandwich was fond of ____.[A] eating out all the time [B] sitting with his friends [C] playing games with words [D] taking bread with meat
13.“Sandwich” is a word created by ____.[A] Lord Sandwich [B] scientists [C] the friends of Lord Sandwich [D] inventors 14.The tenants did not like____.[A] to collect rents and taxes [B] the English landowner [C] the cruel land agent [D] to speak 15.When the landowner found out that the tenants were boycotting his land agent, he ____.[A] dismissed(解雇)the agent [B] praised the agent [C] removed the poor tenants [D] increased the rents and taxes
06
Passage 4 In the past ten years several experts have tried to teach language to apes.One American psychologist trained his ape named Sarah to make sentences on a computer.Another American scientist trained an ape named Washoe to make signs for words.A third American scientist also trained an ape named Nim Chimpsky to use sign language.Nim learned over a hundred signs for different words.But can we say that these apes learned language?
Dr.Herbert Terrace of New York City is a psychologist.He wanted to study the language ability of apes.He decided that he would raise a young ape in his home.He would send this ape to school, and teachers would teach him sign language.Then doctor Terrace would give different language tests to the ape.By this experiment he would discover if apes could learn language.Dr.Terrace's ape, a chimpanzee named Nim Chimpsky, went to nursery school at Columbia University.There he had special teachers who taught him signs for English words.These teachers worked with Nim for five hours every day.They treated Nim lovingly and patiently.In four months Nim learned the signs for 125 words.But during the next two years Nim's language did not improve very much.Nim still had a small vocabulary.Most of Nim's words were nouns for visible things such as table or apple.Nim learned a few active verbs such as bite.Jump, and hurry.He also learned some basic colors such as blue and red.Nim would often use two or three words together.He might make signs that said, “Nim eat apple.” This seemed like an English sentence.But Nim would also use signs meaning “eat Nim apple.” This is not a correct English sentence.Dr.Terrace decided that Nim could not really learn language as humans can.For example, Nim never created new words.He never added new information to his sentence.Nim couldn't even begin sentences.He would only give responses to his teachers' questions.Will future experiments show that apes can learn language? Dr.Terrace doesn't think so.16.The main purpose of the several experiments with apes is to ____.[A] make sure how many words an ape can master [B] discover whether apes have the ability to learn language [C] know whether sign language will be acceptable in the future [D] decide the differences between humans and apes 17.How long did the experiment with Nim last?____ [A] 24 months [B] 4 months [C] 14 months [D] 28 months 18.Nim's vocabulary was largely ____.[A] nouns for things he saw [B] verbs that were active [C] words for things at school [D] words for things he could eat 19.Which of the following is Not True?____ [A] Dr.Terrace raised Nim in his home [B] Dr.Terrace hired special teachers for Nim [C] Dr.Terrace taught Nim language [D] Dr.Terrace tested Nim's vocabulary 20.Which of the following is Not True?____ [A] Nim learned more nouns than verbs and adjectives[B] Nim had a small vocabulary after 4 months of learning [C] Nim often used two or three words at a time [D] Nim learned to speak English in four months
21.Dr.Terrace finally decided that apes could not learn language mainly because ____.[A] they can hardly answer humans' questions[B] they can not make themselves understood [C] they can never learn in an active and creative way [D] all of the above 22.The passage tells us that ____.[A] apes don't have language ability [B] Dr.Terrace is not a good psychologist [C] apes can learn signs for nouns and verbs [D] talking apes can only be a future possibility
[总题数:22;总分数:44分;总参考时间:44分0秒]
第四篇：大一期末考试英语试题7
07
Passage 1
Humans are social animals.They live in groups all over the world.As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which form unique cultures.One important aspect of every culture is how its people deal with time.Time is not very important in nonindustrial societies.The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word time that corresponds to the abstract thing we call time.The daily lives of the people of such nonindustrial societies tend to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule based on the clock.They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down.They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe.They measure time not by a clock or calendar, but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other event.Frequently such a society measures days in terms of “sleeps” or longer periods in terms of “moons.” Some cultures, such as the Eskimos of Greenland, measure seasons according to the migration of certain animals.Some preliterate cultures have developed interesting ways of “ telling time.” For instance, when several Australian aborigines want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree.Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly.In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way.When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place.In contrast, accurate measurement of time is very important in modern, industrialized societies.This is because industrialized societies require the cooperative efforts of many people in order to function.For a factory to work efficiently, for example, all of the workers must work at the same time.Therefore, they must know what time to start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon.Passengers must know the exact time an airplane will arrive or depart.Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends.Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers.Complicated societies need clocks and calendars.Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly function at all.1.By saying “Humans are social animals”, the author means ____ [A] they live all over the world.[C] they live in communities.[B] they are different from other animals.[D] they are divided into many groups.2.Time is not very important in nonindustrial societies.This is because people in those societies ____ [A] don't have the word “time” in their languages.[B] don't get accustomed to using clocks and other timepieces.[C] don't measure time in their daily lives.[D] don't need to plan their daily lives around an exact time schedule.3.From this passage, we can infer that the Eskimos of Greenland most probably ____ [A] plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe.[B] pattern their daily lives around physical needs and natural events.[C] measure time according to certain animals.[D] measure days in terms of “sleeps” and “moon.” 4.The Australian aborigines' way of “telling time” is based on ____ [A] the change of the sun rays.[C] the position of the stone.[B] the movement of the earth.[D] the position of the tree or the cliff.5.In the last paragraph, the author considers accurate measurement of time very important mainly in the sense of ____ [A] modern transportation..[C] school education.[B] factory production [D] social cooperation 6.Which of the following is NOT true? ____ [A] In modern societies people often have to follow a common time schedule.[B] Human beings have different cultures.[C] Both the Eskimos of Greenland and the Australian aborigines are living in undeveloped countries.[D] The Nuer people of East Africa may have difficulty understanding the abstract word “time.7.Which of the following might be the best title for this passage? ____ [A] Time and Culture
[B] The Measurement of Time [C] Time Schedule and Daily Life [D] Clock, Calendar and Society Passage 2
In October 1949 the United Nations brought a number of specialists on food to Geneva, to discuss the problems of eating habits and food supplies of peoples throughout the world.One problem that interested the specialists particularly was a form of illness, about which little was known, among the children in Africa and Latin America.The World Health Organization(WHO)planned to study this disease to determine the relationship between the eating habits of the people and the disease.Two doctors were chosen to make the study.They flew to Africa south of the Sahara and during the next two months visited ten countries.They found that serious diseases of poor eating, often mistaken for other diseases, existed in all parts of Africa.The diseases were similar and could therefore all be named kwashiorkor.The diseased children are usually from one to four years old.As the illness progresses, the child's stomach becomes swollen by liquid collecting in the body.The skin changes color and may break out in open sores.The hair changes color and starts to fall out.The patient loses all interest in his surroundings and even in food, and becomes so weak that he wants to lie down all the time.Stomach liquids are no longer produced.The doctors reasoned that kwashiorkor was found in the young children of this age in many parts of Africa because of lack of milk or meat.Their mothers, after stopping their breast-feeding, gave them foods full of starches instead of greatly needed proteins.They found that the addition of milk to the food of children suffering from kwashiorkor saved many lives.The unbelievable thing about kwashiorkor is that the very existence of the disease---which has been killing thousands of children for centuries---was not even recognized in Latin America as recently as ten years ago.The deaths of those children were mistakenly listed as due to other diseases.It was the WHO's work in Africa that led to the discovery of the problem in Central America.8.From the passage we learn that kwashiorkor is a disease caused by ____.[A] poor living conditions [C] breast-feeding
9.Where was the study of this disease carried out?____ [A] The Sahara.[B] Central America.[C] Latin America.[D] Africa.10.It is difficult to discover kwashiorkor because ____.[A] it has no symptoms at all [B] it is hard to identify signs of it [C] it doesn't last long enough for careful observation [D] it is hardly distinguishable from other diseases
[B] lack of proteins in food
[D] lack of food 11.A main symptom of this disease is that children who have it ____.[A] cannot stop liquid produce in the stomach [B] have a big stomach [C] can never satisfy their hunger [D] are not able to sit or lie down 12.What is mentioned as a simple but efficient way of curing this disease?____ [A] Taking a special medicine.[B] Avoiding any food containing starch.[C] Having more meat or milk.[D] Taking medicines full of proteins.13.The disease has been known in the Latin America ____ [A] for ten years [B] only recently [C] for dozens of years [D] before the discovery in Africa 14.What's the best title for the article? ____ [A] Milk and Meat Are Daily Necessities [B] Kwashiorkor and Bad Eating Habits [C] A New Form of Illness in Africa and Latin America [D] A Case of Eating Habits Passage 3
It is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves towards her baby.The usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning require little comment, but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing.Careful American studies have disclosed the fact that 80 per cent of mothers cradle their infants in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies.If asked to explain the significance of this preference most people reply that it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in the population.By holding the babies in their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for manipulations.But a detailed analysis shows that this is not the case.True, there is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed females, but not enough to provide an adequate explanation.It emerges that 83 per cent of right-handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but then so do 78 per cent of left-handed mothers.In other words, only 22 per cent of the left-handed mothers have their dominant hands free for actions.Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation.The only other clue comes from the fact that the heart is on the left side of the mother's body.Could it be that the sound of her heart-beat is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother, the growing embryo becomes fixated(”imprinted“)on the sound of the heart beat.If this is so, then the rediscovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a calming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been thrust into a strange and frighteningly new world outside.If this is so then the mother, either instinctively or by an unconscious series of trials and errors, would soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held on the left against her heart, than on the right.15.Which of the following best summarizes the relation between the two paragraphs of the passage?____ [A] Cause and Effect.[B] Problem and Research.[C] Observation and Explanation.[D] Summary and Details.16.The first paragraph mainly talks about ____.[A] the correct ways to hold a baby [B] the position in which most mothers hold their babies [C] the significant difference between right-handed and left-handed mothers [D] the predominance of right-handedness in the population 17.Which of the following statements is NOT true? ____ [A] The predominance of right-handedness could not fully explain why most mothers hold their babies on the left side [B] Most mothers love to fondle, cuddle and clean their babies.[C] There is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed mothers in the way of holding their babies.[D] Most mothers hold their babies on the left side in order to keep their dominant right arm free to do other things.18.The word ”emerges“ in the first paragraph can best be replaced by ____.[A] turns out [B] looks like [C] shows [D] seems 19.The word ”it“ in ”especially as it has just been..." of the second paragraph refers to ____.[A] the infant [B] the mother's body [C] the sound of the mother's heart-beat [D] the rediscovery of the familiar sound 20.We can learn from the passage that ____.[A] most left-handed mothers hold their babies on the right side [B] only right-handed mothers prefer to hold their babies on the right side [C] the sound of the mother's heart-beat might have a calming effect on the baby [D] it is after birth that the baby begins to get used to the sound of the mother's heart-beat 21.The passage is most probably written for ____.[A] young children [B] the common reader [C] doctors and nurses [D] scientific researchers [总题数:21;总分数:42分;总参考时间:42分0秒]
第五篇：2013年高一期末考试英语试题
2013年高一期末考试英语试题
第二部分：语言知识及应用（共二节，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
21.Word of her mother’s death was a terrible _________ to her and her father.A.honourB.identityC.shockD.attitude
22.Tom had better not_______ the bike, or he’ll not be able to put it together.A.set upB.break downC.sort outD.take apart
23.A student in our school is _____ from school because he often plays computer games.A.goneB.removedC.movedD.beat
24.Possible use should be ______ advanced science and technology.A.made ofB.made upC.made fromD.made sure
25.Mandela was_____________ by his people though he himself didn’t think he had done anything special.A.thought little ofB.thought poorly
C.thought highly ofD.thought highly
26.Houses of this kind are so __________ that they can been seen everywhere.A.usualB.ordinaryC.normalD.common
27.Mistakes don’t just happen;they occur for a reason.Find out the reason and then making the
mistake becomes______________________.A.favorableB.preciousC.essentialD.worthwhile
28.The ship sank quickly but ________ everybody was saved.A.generallyB.naturallyC.fortunatelyD.strongly
29.Pollution problems ______ at the international conference, but no one can answer.A.came upB.raised
C.were risenD.asked
30.That hero who died in the war was so brave that he never ____ ____ to the enemies until death.A.gave upB.gave outC.gave inD.gave away
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每题1分，共20分）
would write a short report, and tell the rest of the class their conclusions(结论).Some talked made by little Sophie.“I found that（脾气坏的）,” she said, very sure of herself.Everyone smiled, waiting for her to.Then Sophie explained, “I spent hours in my house, watching flies.When they flied was OK, but when they found a don’t.With my daddy’s telescope I watched the flies really closely, and saw that what they were 歇斯底里的)that they couldn’t only they had the butterfly that passed by, they would have seen that the top of the shouting and complaining.”
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