语法2

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第一篇:语法2

1.Alone as she is, she is kept so busy with her work for women's rights that she feels ________lonely.A.nothing but

B.none but C.everything but

D.anything but

解析:anything but绝对不。尽管她是独自一人,但她忙于妇女权益工作,以至于她绝不感到寂寞。故选D。

答案:D 2.They were hunting for a person________him________a stepping stone.A.like;as

B.like;like C.as;like

D.as;as 解析:like;像;as;作为。句意:他们正寻找像他这样人作为垫脚石。故选A。

答案:A 3.“How could you lose so much money?”Charlie asked his wife, eyeing her angrily from________the kitchen table.A.at

B.across C.through

D.on 解析:from across the kitchen table:从餐桌那头儿。答案:B 4.For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree________.A.on earth

B.for distance C.in sight

D.at place 解析:本句语义为:在视野之中,除了沙漠,什么也看不到。in sight:在视野中,看得见。故选C。

答案:C 5.—Is your grandpa still with you? —No.He still prefers to live in the small mountain village________all its disadvantages.A.for

B.except C.with

D.to 解析:本题考查常用介词在具体语境中的使用。该句语义为“尽管有一些不方便,他依然愿意住在小山村。”with=in spite of or despite尽管。

答案:C 6.________running, learning English needs will.A.As with

B .As to C.As for

D.As if

解析:as with正如,正像;as to 至于,关于;as for至于,就„„而言;as if似乎,如,像。句意:正如跑步一样,学习英语也需要坚强的意志。故选A。

答案:A 7.Washington, a state in the United States, was named________ one of the greatest American presidents.A.in honor of

B.instead of C.in favor of

D.by means of 解析:in honor of 为了纪念„„;instead of取代;in favor of赞成;by means of通过„„方式。故选A。

答案:A 8.________ so much electrical equipment, wood and paper in one place, there is a danger of fire.A.For

B.In C.With

D.By

解析:有这么多的易燃品,当然存在着火灾危险。with表示具有。故选C。答案:C 9.The study you have been making ________ the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.A.to

B.for C.of

D.from 解析:of在此表示动宾关系,the study of the ancient Chinese characters。再如:the use of solar energy,the discovery of America by Columbus等。故选C。答案:C 10.I haven't seen you for a couple of days.What have you been up ________?

A.in

B.to C.with

D.for 解析:be to 在干什么。故选B。答案:B 11.________all the texts that are written,stored, and sent electronically, a lot of them are still ending up of paper.A.For

B.From C.Although

D.By 解析:本题语意环境为:对于大部分已书写、存贮并通过电子邮件传输的文本文档来说,最终都将用纸打出来。for 对于„„而言。故选A。

答案:A 12.—Do you like coffee or milk? —Both.But I prefer coffee________milk.A.to

B.for C.with

D.from 解析:由both可知,“我”既喜欢咖啡,也喜欢牛奶。接着话锋一转,但我更喜欢牛奶加咖啡。故选C。

答案:C 13.—What do you mean ________saying “The boy is overgrowing”? —I mean that he is tall ________ his age.A.as to;for

B.by;for C.about;with

D.by;to 解析:by靠,通过;for对于„„而言。句意:你说那句话什么意思?我的意思是对于他的年龄而言,他是比较高的。

答案:B 14.The librarian promised to get the book for me ________she could remember who last borrowed it.A.in case

B.if only C.even if

D.ever since 解析:if only如果„„。如果她能想起来上次谁借的那本书,她答应就借给我。故选B。

答案:B 15.—Will you go to Mary's birthday party? —No, ________invited, I can't go to it.I'll be too busy then.A.if

B.unless C.even though

D.when 解析:我那时将很忙,即使她邀请我,我也不会去的,故选C。答案:C 16.Questions and exercises are given by the computer, which decides ________ to move the students ahead, review an easier level,________ give more work on the same level.A.either;or

B.both;and C.whether;or

D.not only;but also 解析:whether...or...表选择。故选C。答案:C 17.Hearing his words,I couldn't decide ________or remain.A.whether to go abroad B.if I go abroad C.if to go abroad D.to go abroad

解析:宾语从句中既可用whether也可用if引导,但只有whether后接不定式。故选A。

答案:A 18.________he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way.A.Although

B.Unless C.Because

D.When 解析:主从句之间存在着转折关系。虽然他认为他在帮忙,实际上他却是妨碍我们的工作。故选A。答案:A 19.—When did he leave the classroom? —He left________you turned back to write on the blackboard.A.the minute

B.the time C.until

D.before 解析:the minute=as soon as一„„就„„。你一转身„„,他就离开了。故选A。

答案:A 20.________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A.Even though

B.Unless C.As long as

D.While 解析:“我不担心钱的安全问题”的前提条件是:“只要我知道钱是安全的。”as long as只要。故选C。

答案:C 21.Jack had traveled six miles across the Channel ________his engine failed and was forced to land on the sea.A.when

B .until C.after

D.since

解析:when=and at this moment suddenly正在这时突然。引导时间状语从句。故选A。

答案:A 22.Not that I'm unwilling to lend you a hand,________I'm too busy for the moment.A.because

B.but that C.but

D.however 解析:not that...,but that...不是„„,而是„„。不是我不愿帮你,而是我目前太忙了。故选B。

答案:B 23.John waited at the bus stop for nearly half an hour ________the bus finally arrived.A.when

B.as C.before

D.while 解析:before引导时间状语从句,公共汽车来之前,约翰已等了将近半个小时了。故选C。

答案:C 24.Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ________other more well-informed experimenters failed.A.as

B.unless C.what

D.where

解析:where引导地点状语从句。在别的受过良好教育的实验者失败的地方,他却成功了。故选D。

答案:D 25.I thought things would get better, but ________it is they are getting worse.A.before

B.because C.as

D.after 解析:as it is 照现状看,看样子。我本来认为事情会变好的,但看样子,它们正在恶化。故选C。

答案:C

第二篇:语法

初、高中英语知识的有效衔接

河北盐山中学

田宝葵

高中是初高中阶段承前启后的一年,初高中英语的有效衔接关系到学生整个高中阶段英语学习成绩的好坏和教师教学任务是否能够顺利完成。然而许多高一新生由于不适应高中英语教学,经过一段时间的学习,英语学习成绩愈来愈差,以至于失去学习信心,造成学习上的困难,而英语教师由于对学生初中英语学习的知识点和起始能力了解不足,缺乏足够的调研分析,结果学生英语学习越来越困难,兴趣也越来越低落。究其原因,一是:学生存在知识和能力的缺陷,以至于初高中的英语知识衔接上产生了一定的困难;二是:有些学生没搞清楚初高中英语不同阶段的学习特点及其知识差异,缺少高中阶段有效的英语学习策略。为帮助学生搞好初高中英语知识的有效衔接,使学生能对英语产生持久浓厚的兴趣,使老师的衔接教学更有针对性,我们进行了研究。

一、辨析初高中英语词汇的异同,形成有效的单词记忆策略。

1.激发兴趣,提高对词汇教学的认识。在长期的初中英语词汇教学中,“教师领读,学生跟读”已成模式。在这种模式中,口拼与书写脱离,单词与上下文脱离,重语言的语法解释,轻单词本身的记忆。许多学生常常死记硬背,不注意将词汇的音、形、义有机地联系起来记忆,因而往往记了忘,忘了记,记了又忘,收效甚微,磨灭了学生学英语的兴趣。所以,高中教师应采用灵活多样的词汇教学方法开展教学。同时,对学生阐明初高中词汇存在的差异,进行词汇学习重要性的教育,使他们做好充分的心理准备。新课程标准中对情感态度也作出明确的描述,引导学生将兴趣转化为稳定的学习动机,以使他们树立较强的自信心,形成克服困难的意志,努力让尽可能多的学生参与到词汇教学中来,引导学生逐步由“要我学”到“我要学”。2. 改善单一的词汇教学方法

第一,词汇的意义由语境决定,极少孤立存在。一个词通常会有几种意义,若要学习它,切忌把所有的词汇意义死记硬背,必须要在不同的语境中理解以后,其学习和记忆的效果才更好。

第二,帮助学生在语境中运用词汇。新课程倡导学生用语言做事的能力,要培养这种能力,教师就要创设有意义的教学情景,让学生置身于真正的交际情景中体会词汇的意义、搭配和用法。教师应打破“教师领读,学生跟读”的词汇教学模式,彻底改变词汇教学与语境相脱节的局面。

第三,根据发音记忆词形,根据语境学习词义,根据构词法巧记词性词义,运用中理解巩固短语及单词的用法。强调高中英语词汇与初中词汇相比,具有的两个典型的特征。一是高中词汇的一词多义,如单词run在初中英语中学生只知道跑得意思,而在高中英语中它常用的意思就有跑、管理,经营,褪色,融化等意思。二是利用构词法来拓宽词汇,辨析词性,如单词devote在初中它的意思是献身,而在高中的devotion就可以由名词后缀tion 判断出它的词性为名词,词义是名词献身。并要有效利用字典,对单词进行音、形、义相结合的有效词汇记忆。

第四,强化语音教学,为词汇教学打好基础。词汇教学一般采取由音到形再到义的顺序,语音是学生接触一个词的最初印象,如果读不出音就不易记住形,无音无形就谈不上什么义。学好语音不但有利于正确地以声音形式表达思想,而且对词汇学习和记忆大有帮助。因此,要牢记一个单词首先应把音念准。重视语境教学,帮助学生在语境中理解和运用词汇。

二、区别初高中听力、阅读、写作的异同,培养学生应用能力的提高

第一,初中和高中英语完形填空的区别在初中英语中,鉴于学生的词汇量不大、知识面较窄和逻辑推理能力不够健全等因素,选作完形填空的文章往往都是一些故事性的短文或是学生非常熟悉的话题,且对学生的文章的整体理解、上下文的段落衔接、情节分析及推理判断能力的考查虽然有所体现,但要求不算太高。学生进入高中以后,除了在单词掌握的数量上要有明显的提升外,还要有语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗习惯等知识的拓展与积累。高中英语完形填空题更突出考查语篇的完整性,强调段与段、句与句之间的逻辑性。高中英语完形填空的文章偏重于理性的分析和情感的交融,出现的科普、文化及议论性的文章偏多,往往还夹叙夹议,在议论中升华。这就要求学生既要有较好的运用词汇、语法和理解语篇的能力,还要擅于让自己进入文章的角色,感悟人物的内心世界,领会人物的心理活动,把握文章。

第二.初中英语阅读教学重视对学生基础语言知识和基本语言技能的培养,重视对阅读内容的理解,关注学生获取有效信息的能力;而高中英语阅读教学除了以上要求,更强调对学生进行阅读方法的指导和阅读技能的训练,更关注他们处理阅读材料不同信息的过程和整合相关信息的能力,同时着力培养学生情感与态度等,从而逐步提高学生对英语语言的理解力和掌控力。因此要使高中英语阅读教学顺畅衔接,教师就很有必要了解初高中英语阅读课的特点及教学要求,有效地利用教材提供的各种语言材料和各项活动任务,重视学生的词汇积累、培养学生的阅读习惯、强化阅读技能,从而提高学生的整体英语水平,让学生“掌握方法、养成习惯、形成能力”,顺利实现初高中的衔接。也为学生将来进一步学好英语奠定坚实的基础。

第三.初高中写作要求特点及训练的差异及应对的策略,初中英语作文重在简单的情景运用或喜好评论,且因为分值和乡村中学英语基础薄弱,大多数学生忽视英语写作。高中英语重在实际应用和观点评论,且因为分值和以后学习生活中的实际应用,应重点诱发学生英语写作能力的提高。对比初高中英语写作要求的差异,并鉴于中考作文中出现的一些问题,高中英语写作应强化书写的规范性和整洁度,狠抓学生的书写规范,主要包括书写字迹的工整,标点符号的正确使用,大小写,写完后要检查的习惯等。强化句子的训练,句子是构建短文重要的单位,因此高中教师必须在高一阶段进行连词成句的强化训练,为短文写作打下良好的基础。教师可以利用每单元中的重点句型结构,充分利用新教的单词或词组让学生做连词成句练习,并要求学生注意时态、语态、名词单复数、冠词等。强化阅读和背诵,教师从高一开始就要有意识地将课文原文或是经过改写后的文章让学生读背,重视经典句子的收集和模仿并以默写的形式予以巩固,这样既帮助学生打下扎实的语言基础,同时也为学生积累了写作的素材。

三、、分析初高中语法学习框架,降低高中语法的难度

初中生和高一学生对复杂句的概念很模糊,而这就给学生从句的学习带来了很大的困难。定语从句是高一上学期的重点语法项目,也是整个高中语法的难点,且影响以后名词性从句的学习。虽然学生在初三学过定语从句,但却是一知半解,不少学生无法判断先行词、关系代词、关系副词。为了让学生学习定语从句不至于那么困难,教师应做好大量的衔接工作。教师可先从学生熟悉的简单句入手,每天2-3个句子让学生划分句子成分,判断基本句型。在学生分清句子成分,牢固掌握了简单句的五种基本句型后慢慢渗透并列句和主从复合句的概念,从而过渡到定语从句的学习。也可结合初中英语中定语从句的讲解,先重点引出which, that和who, whom的定语从句用法,再引出高中语法中where, when , why和whose等从句的用法,学生既易于理解,也降低了高中语法的难度。这对于普通中学的学生来讲是必不可少的,所谓“磨刀不误砍柴工”就是这个道理。

总之,只要教师能正确引导,帮助学生调整好心态,逐步掌握高中英语的特点,形成适合自己的学习策略和学习方法,就一定能顺利地做好初高中的衔接,出色地完成高中英语学习。

第三篇:语法

一提到语法,许多英语学习者都会紧皱眉头,深深地叹气,同时也会马上联想到高中厚厚的语法书,还有一堆做不完搞不明白的语法题,那么对于雅思写作,语法的重要性在哪里呢?其实如果对雅思作文有所了解的同学会发现,雅思对语法的要求和高中语法完全不一样,其主要讲求实用性以及基本的语法要点,不会从细节上考察语法。本文中,朗将对雅思写作中的常见的语法错误进行分析,帮助考生们在今后的写作中避免这些错误。

一、名词的单复数

在雅思写作中,考生常常分不清可数名词和不可数名词,从而导致一系列的语法错误: The number of fruit in summer is larger than in winter.“fruit”是一个不可数名词,往往考生们受母语的影响,误认为其为可数名词。与汉语不同,英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。

笼统地讲,物质名词,如:water(水), iron(铁), wood(木头)等和抽象名词,如:democracy(民主), freedom(自由), happiness(幸福)等为不可数。以下名词为不可数名词:

news(消息)information(信息)furniture(家具)equipment(设备)advice(劝告)weather(天气)work(工作)clothing(衣服)baggage(行李)

work作“工作”解释时为不可数名词,“找工作”不能说to find a work, 应为to find a job;work作“著作”、“作品”解时是可数名词,如:Deng Xiaopin's works(邓小平著作)/a work about Deng Xiaopin(一件关于邓小平的作品);作“工厂”解释时,单复数同形:a steel works(一个钢铁厂)/two chemical works(两家化工厂)以下名词单复数同形:

means(手段)headquarters(司令部)works(工厂)species(物种)aircraft(飞机)Chinese(中国人)sheep(羊)fish(鱼)

中国的计量单位:li(里), yuan(元), mu(亩)等 实例:Every means has been tried out, but without satisfactory results.(每个方法都试过了,但结果不令人满意。)

形式上是复数的学科名称,如physics, statistics, dynamics作单数看待;时间、距离、钞票、重量等复数,可以看作一个整体作单数处理,如:Two days is not enough for me to finish the task.(要我完成此项任务两天是不够的。)

二、主谓一致

主谓一致也是雅思考生经常犯的语法错误之一,在许多同学的作文中,主谓一致的错误比比皆是,大量的主谓一致错误一定会导致比较低的语法分数,所以想要取得高分的同学一定不能忽略这个问题。

主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系,如:He is going abroad.They are playing football.可分为:语法一致,内容一致,就近一致。

语法一致原则:即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项: 1.单数主语即使后面带有with, along with, together with, like(像),but(除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是),including, in addition to引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数。

如:Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质。

No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外,没有一个人迟来用餐。

2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人、同一事、同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数。如:

The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作家来了。(一个人)

A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具。(两件物品)3.用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

4.不定式(短语),动名词(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如: Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福。

When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

5.当连接的并列主语被each, every或no修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。

Each man and(each)woman is asked to help.每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。each of + 复数代词,谓语动词用单数。复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数,如: Each of us has something to say.我们每个人都有话要说。

6.若主语中有more than one或many a/an, 尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时,谓语动词仍用复数,如: Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。More than one student was late.不只一个学生迟到了。

More persons than one come to help us.不止一个人来帮助我们。

7.none做主语时,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数;但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数。如: None of us are(is)perfect.人无完人。None of this worries me.这事一点不使我着急。

8.名词如:trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数,如:

His clothes are good.但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数,如: A pair of glasses is on the desk.桌上有一副眼镜。

9.形复意单名词如:news;以ics结尾的学科名称如:physics, mathematics, economics;国名如:the United States;报纸名如:the New Times;书名如:Arabian Night <天方夜谈>;以及The United Nations<联合国>等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。10.“a+名词+and a half”, “one and a half+名词”,“the number of+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数,如:

Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意:one or two+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,如: One or two places have been visited.参观了一两个地点。内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等,以及“分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词,如:

The rest of the bikes are on sale today.剩下的自行车今天出售。

60% of the apple was eaten by little boy.这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的。

Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。

2.不定数量的词组,如:part of, a lot of, lots of, one of, a number of, plenty of等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数,如: A part of the textbooks have arrived.一小部分教科书已运到。

A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig.这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。3.加减乘除用单数,如:

Fifteen minus five is ten.15减去5等于10。

4.表示时间,金钱,距离,度量等的名词做主语时,尽管是复数形式,它们做为一个单一的概念时,其谓语动词用单数,如:

Ten miles is a good distance.十英里是一个相当的距离。

5.(1)通常作复数的集体名词:包括police, people, cattle等,这些集体名词通常用作复数,如:

The British police have only very limited powers.(2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词:包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage等。(3)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词:包括audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public等,如:

The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委员会决定解雇他。6.“the+形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,如: The injured were saved after the fire.就近原则:

1.由here, there, where等引导的倒装句中(有时主语不止一个时),谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致,如:

Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.给你一支钢笔和几张纸。Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away? 你不在这儿的时候,你爱人和孩子呆在哪儿呢?

2.用连词or, either....or, neither….nor, not only….but also等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致,如:

Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.学生和老师都不知道这事。

He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的钢笔。

注意:one of+复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词为复数,如:

Mary is one of those people who keep pets.玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。

The only one of+复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数。

Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets.玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。

三、时态

时态是雅思作文中至关重要的一部分,如果时态出现错误会导致整篇文章的错误。主要需要掌握的时态为一般现在时,过去时和将来时,掌握好这三种时态对于雅思写作来说已经足够。提醒考生注意,Task One的第一段肯定是一般现在时态,中间段落的时态要由图表中的时间来决定,但是基本上不会出现进行时态,而对于流程图,只能使用一般现在时态。Task Two基本上以一般现在时态为主,根据所写内容决定是否应该使用其他时态。一般现在时态主要就是注意主谓一致的问题,一般过去时态需要特别注意动词过去式的拼写,特别是不规则动词过去式的变化,而将来时态需要注意的是在小作文中只能使用will+do的形式而不能使用be going to。

第四篇:语法试卷A

系 别班 级姓 名准 考 证 号

………………………………密………………………………封…………………………………线…………………………

I.Multiple Choice(40%.1 point for each)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It is necessary that an efficient worker _______ his work on time,A.accomplishesB.can accomplishC.accomplishD.will accomplish

2.I know this is the right train, the ticket agent said it would be on _______.A.Platform ThreeB.the Platform ThreeC.Third PlatformD.the Three Platform

3.William is very hardworking, but his pay is not _______ for his work.A.enough goodB.good enoughC.as good enoughD.good as enough

4.I won't take Susan’s pen because I don’t like _______.A.that pen of hersB.that her penC.her that penD.that pen of her

5.I didn’t call the hotel to make a room reservation, but I _______.A.may haveB.must haveC.should haveD.shall have

6.My sister will be here tomorrow, but at first I thought that she _______ today.A.was comingB.is comingC.must comeD.may come

7.Land belongs to the city;there is _______ thing as private ownership of land.A.no such aB.not suchC.not such anyD.no such

8.The flats I have looked at so far were too expensive.So I’m better off _______ where I am.A.stayB.stayingC.to stayD.stayed

9.Since the family are moving to a new house, they have to buy _______ new furniture.A.a lot ofB.manyC.a fewD.quite a few

10.My son walked ten miles today.We never guessed that he could walk _______ far.A./B.suchC.thatD.as

11.If the temperature of the reactor _______ 500 degrees higher, meltdown would have occurred.A.wasB.had beenC.was beingD.had

12.The more acid you add to the solution, _______ it becomes.A.cloudierB.the cloudiestC.more cloudyD.the cloudier

13.The lecturer said “It’s time you _______ the literature review.”

A.beganB.should beginC.beginD.are beginning

14.After _______ your results, you should make an appointment with your tutor.A.you receivingB.you have received

C.you would have receivedD.you received

15.You _______ the experiment twice, not once.A.haven’t carried outB.shouldn’t have carried out

C.should have carried outD.might have carried out

16.It looks _______ you've made a serious mistake.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.as though

17._______ the right answer I would have got full marks in the exam.A.If I would have knownB.If I’ll knowC.Had I knownD.If I was knowing

18._______ way you do it, the answer is always the same.A.HoweverB.WhicheverC.WhoeverD.Why ever

19._______ producing methane, the process also produces carbon monoxide.A.ApartB.As wellC.BesidesD.In addition

20.He appears _______ some minor problems.A.to have hadB.havingC.was havingD.had

21.Tom studies harder than _______ in our class.………………………………密………………………………封…………………………………线…………………………

A.allB.everyoneC.anyone elseD.any other

22._______ our dear sister rest in peace.A.CanB.MayC.MustD.Will

23.Nobody saw the CEO at the conference;he _______ at it.A.couldn't have spokenB.couldn't speakC.mustn't have spokenD.shouldn't have spoken

24.Who _______ it be at the door?

A.mayB.canC.mustD.need

25.The line is busy;someone _______ the telephone.A.must useB.must be usingC.must have been usingD.has been using

26.If there were no subjunctive mood, English _______ much easier.A.would beB.could have beenC.will beD.would have been

27._______ for his timely help, I could not have completed my project in time.A.If it was notB.If it were notC.Had it not beenD.Were it not

28.I wish I _______ you yesterday.A.did telephoneB.telephoned

C.had telephonedD.were to telephone

29.How about us _______ a concert at the weekend?

A.to go toB.going toC.go toD.to be going to

30.I would appreciate _______ to see me in my office.A.your comingB.you to come

C.you comeD.you to be coming

31.These photos will show you _______.A.what does our university look likeB.what our university looks like

C.how does our university look likeD.how our university looks like

32.Go and get your suitcase.It is _______ you left it.A.whenB.whetherC.howD.where

33._______ John won the first prize at the speech contest made the whole class very excited.A.HowB.WhatC.ThatD.Whether

34.I guess Patricia will invite _______ you want.A.whomeverB.whateverC.whoeverD.whichever

35.Mr.Johnson said that Beijing was the first city _______ he had visited in China.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what

36.Tomorrow will be Monday._______.A.So will itB.So it willC.Neither it willD.Neither will it

37.Neither Tim nor I had overheard of, let alone _______ such a fascinating book.A.seeB.to seeC.seeingD.seen

38.One of her longest _______ dreams was to visit her birthplace again.A.heldB.holdingC.holdD.being held

39.You must have waited for me for a long time, _______?

A.mustn't youB.needn't youC.didn't youD.haven't you

40.---Many of us thought that last night's play was generally poor.---I didn't find _______.A.it soB.itC.it beD.it is

II.Transformation(20%.2 points for each)

Directions: In this part of the examination, you are required to rewrite the following sentences as required.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.Rewrite the following sentence, using “it”:

Many citizens believed that the fire had been caused by foreigners.2.Turn the singular nouns or noun phrases into plural forms wherever possible with other necessary changes:

………………………………密………………………………封…………………………………线…………………………

He was anxious to increase his knowledge.3.Combine sentences using comparative degree(more...than...):

He works carefully.I don't work carefully enough

4.Write a counter-factual conditional based on the given facts:

Tom doesn’t travel because he doesn't have enough money.5.Combine the following sentences into one sentence, using coordination.Tom speaks Chinese fluently.He can't write in it.6.Use-ed participle as a complement:

He felt that his spirit was lifted after hearing the news.7.Combine sentences using a relative clause:

She was dancing with a student.He had a slight limp.8.Combine the sentences into a sentence with an objective clause:

Will there be a lot of people at the party? Do you know?

9.Turn the sentence into a simple one:

All this proves that the decision was correct.10.Put the following into the passive:

They often made fun of her in school.III.Error Identification and Correction(20%.2 points for each)

Directions: There are 15 sentences in this part.In each sentence there is an error.You are expected to identify and mark out the underlined part of the sentence that is incorrect and write out your correction.Write your answers on the answer sheet.ABCDABCDABCDABCDABCDABCDABCDABCD

ABCD

wanted.ABCD

IV.Blank Filling(20%.10% for Part A and 10% for Part B)

Part A(10%.1 point for each)

………………………………密………………………………封…………………………………线…………………………

Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence a word is given in the bracket.You arerequired to fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It is recommended that a lawyer ________(be)present when you begin to negotiate the terms in the contract.2.It is only typical of you.You ________(always lose)things.3.If you favour ________(work)on night shift, you may sign up here.4.He felt very ________(depress)when he heard the story.5.It seems that you are beginning ________(understand)my point.6.Mary negotiates ________(skillfully)than her boss.7.Please tell us about your ________(experience)in Tibet.8.We'd better hurry.We can't risk __________(miss)the train.9.________(not see)him for no less than ten years, I am not sure whether he is Tony’s cousin or not.10.Having lost all his money, Mark had no choice but ________(ask)the police for help.Part B(10%.1 point for each)

Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part.For each sentence there is a blank.You should choose one coordinator or subordinator that best fits into the sentence.Then write your answers on the answer sheet.1.Not everyone can go to Cambridge ________ Oxford.You’re one of the privileged few.2.He is such a sound sleeper ________ you wouldn’t wake him up even if you remove the bed.3.You are to finish your homework ________ you can watch TV.4.You didn’t need to carry the parcel home ________ the shop has delivery service.5.They became more and more amused at ________ he was doing to the dog.6.________ he does is often at variance with what he says.7.Work harder, ________ you will never pass the comprehensive examination.8.It was an island ________ name I have forgotten.9.John was so disappointed when Susan turned down his proposal ________ he remained single for the rest of his life.10.________ she was on the verge of starvation, her brother was living an extravagant life.

第五篇:语法精炼

语法与阅读

精炼 态度决定高低,加油,孩子们!

一、病句修改:

1.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是()(2分)A.面对错综复杂的局面,我们一定要认真研究,仔细调查,不可以掉以轻心。B.为了避免道路交通不拥堵,各地纷纷出台交通管理新措施。C.通过这次日本大地震造成的核泄漏事故,使我们充分认识到盲目修建核电站存在的隐患。D.赵薇导演的《致我们终将逝去的青春》在六盘水市上映,许多学生闻讯纷纷前来观看。2.下列对病句的修改不正确的一项是()A.为了防止不再出现这样的问题,我们班全体同学专门开会研究,制定出具体的改进措施。(把“不冉”删掉)B.通过开展机动车使用乙醇汽油的活动,使中山市的空气更加清新。(把“使”删掉)C.为了搞好这次活动,老师征求了同学们广泛的意见。(把“为了” 删掉)D.我们中学生如果缺乏创新精神,也不能适应知识经济时代的要求。(把“也”改为“就”)3.下列句子没有语病的一项是()(2分)A.时至今天,王阳明的思想还在继续支配着一些中国读书人的头脑。

B.为了更好地加强未成年人的思想教育,我们一定要做好引导学生学习先进人物。C.它使你从来没有如此鲜明地感受到生命的活跃、强盛和存在。

D.能否营造人人敬业奉献的浓厚氛围,关键是提升公民的道德修养。4.下列句子没有语病的一项是()

A.南宁市各县区在端午节到来之际,开展了特色鲜明、丰富多彩的传播壮乡文化。B.人们津津乐道地谈论今年年初广西姑娘石芳丽撞倒老人后积极救治的事迹。C.高考期间,一些爱心送考车为考生准备了考试所需的文具、风油精等提神药物。D.我市越来越多的市民积极参与到“为礼让斑马线点赞”大型公益活动中来。5.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是()

A.我们必须及时应对并随时发现日本某些右翼分子对钓鱼岛的挑衅举动。B.马尔克斯的代表作《百年孤独》深受各国读者喜爱,给予了很高的评价。C.由此看来,区分一个人是否拥有创造力,关键在于是否留意自己细小的想法。

D.马航MH370客机失联后,马政府的搜救态度一开始就引起了中国民众的泛滥关注。

二、标点符号练习:

1、.下列各句中,标点符号使用正确的一项是()(3分)

A.“干什么呀!”他变了脸色,“你又不是老师,凭什么批评我?”

B.我不知道这条路是否能走通?但我仍然要坚定不移地走下去。

C.《说文解字》解释“雪”的含义时指出:“雪,凝雨也”。也就是说,雪是由雨凝结而成的。

D.端午节有很多风俗:吃粽子呀、喝雄黄酒呀、挂艾草呀、赛龙舟呀„„其中赛龙舟最受人们喜爱。

2.下列各句中,标点符号使用全部正确的一项是(2分)()

A.读了“钢铁是怎样炼成的”,我感受到人生使命是那样庄重儿迫切。

B.孟子说:“斧斤以时入山林”。就是说,伐木要择时,不能滥砍、滥伐。

C.家园——这个饱含深情的温暖词汇,其基础全在于良好的人际关系。

D.很多东西溢满了我的心:草木、鸟兽、云彩等┄┄,成为内心的永恒。3.下列句子中,标点符号使用不恰当的一项是()A.“五月五,过端午,赛龙舟,敲锣鼓。”端午节,这个有着两千多年历史的传统节日,与春节、清明节和中秋节并称为中华民族的四大传统节日。

B.是用更多的时间来阅读经典,还是用更多的时间来阅读微博、微信等碎片化信息,是一个值得我们关注和思考的问题。

C.雾霾天气使中国不少城市的居民频发呼吸道疾病,各大医院呼吸科的接诊人数在短短几天时间里飙升了七、八倍。

D.哲学不仅为人们提供正确的思维方式,而且更有助于人们形成对个人和公共生活必不可少的价值观——什么是幸福,什么是好的生活,什么是好的公共生活。

4、.下列各项中标点符号使用有误的一项是(B)(2分)()A.孔庙之行,总书记直言中央高度重视中华优秀传统文化,他说:“中华传统文化是我们最深厚的软实力。”

B.在即将到来的暑假里,同学们是想学习一些特长呢?还是想参加一些社会实践活动? C.国务院总理李克强在部署2014年重点工作时提出“三最”以保障“舌尖上的安全”:最严格的监督、最严厉的处罚、最严肃的问责。

D.那条路两侧的枫叶落了一地,深红色的、浅红色的、红黄相间的、红黄莫辨的„„或一片片贴在路上,或一叠叠铺在路旁,令人不忍落脚。

5、下列各句,标点符号使用正确是一项是()

A.“MH370”真的终结于南印度洋了吗?飞机上到底发生了什么?真相的寻找也许是一个漫长的过程,但一切终将水落石出。

B.对待一切善良的人,都应该做到真和忍;真者,真诚相待,不虚情假意。忍者,宽容忍让,不针锋相对。

C.我国历代作家常以“意则期多,字则唯少”作为写文章的标准,力求“句句无余字,篇中无长语。”

D.回望120年前的黄海硝烟,我们清醒地认识到,必须以壮士断腕,股骨疗毒的勇气和胆魄,坚决根治各个领域的官僚主义、形式主义和奢靡之风。

6、阅读下面材料,用简洁的语言提取主要信息。(2分)

2014年3月8日马来西亚MH370客机失联后,我国交通运输部、国防科工局、国家海洋局、中国海警局、军方等有关部门共派出18艘船只与军舰、8架直升机、5架固定翼飞机,协调66艘过往中国商船和20艘渔船协助搜寻,动用21颗卫星并协调国外,16颗卫星提供数据支持,全方位搜寻。截至4月28日,中国政府已累计为在京家属开展医疗和心理巡诊8067人次、医疗处置1138人次、心理干预797人次,为262名有需要的家属安排体检,组织航空航天和法律等领域专家举办专业知识咨询讲座6次,1000余人次参加。概括:

三、阅读理解

(一)、中秋过后,秋风是一天凉比一天,看看将近初冬;我整天的靠着火,也须穿上棉袄了。一天的下半天,没有一个顾客,我正合了眼坐着。忽然间听得一个声音,“温一碗酒。”这声音虽然极低,却很耳熟。看时又全没有人。站起来向外一望,那孔乙己便在柜台下对了门槛坐着。他脸上黑而且瘦,已经不成样子;穿一件破夹袄,盘着两腿,下面垫一个蒲包,用草绳在肩上挂住;见了我,又说道,“温一碗酒。”掌柜也伸出头去,一面说,“孔乙己么?你还欠十九个钱呢!”孔乙己很颓唐的仰面答道,“这„„下回还清罢。这一回是现钱,酒要好。”掌柜仍然同平常一样,笑着对他说,“孔乙己,你又偷了东西了!”但他这回却不十分分辩,单说了一句“不要取笑!”“取笑?要是不偷,怎么会打断腿?”孔乙己低声说道,“跌断,跌,跌„„”他的眼色,很像恳求掌柜,不要再提。此时已经聚集了几个人,便和掌柜都笑了。我温了酒,端出去,放在门槛上。他从破衣袋里摸出四文大钱,放在我手里,见他满手是泥,原来他便用这手走来的。不一会,他喝完酒,便又在旁人的说笑声中,坐着用这手慢慢走去了。自此以后,又长久没有看见孔乙己。到了年关,掌柜取下粉板说,“孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢!”到第二年的端午,又说“孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢!”到中秋可是没有说,再到年关也没有看见他。

1.文中画线语句中省略号的用法及其表达效果是什么?(2分)

2.认真体会小说四次描写孔乙己 “脸色”的语句,写出你的探究结果。(3分)①出场:“青白脸色,皱纹间时常夹些伤痕„„”

②偷书被揭露:“孔乙己便涨红了脸,额上的青筋条条绽出,争辩道,‘窃书不能算偷„„’” ③不第被质疑:“孔乙己立刻显出颓唐不安模样,脸上笼上了一层灰色„„” ④退场:“他脸上黑而且瘦,已经不成样子„„”

3.简要评价选文中“掌柜”这一形象的特征及其作用。(3分)

4、“孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢!”此话重复有何作用?

(二)、屠户把银子________在手里紧紧的,把拳头________过来,道:“这个,你且收着。我原是贺你的,怎好又拿了回去?”范进道:“眼见得我这里还有几两银子,若用完了,再来问老爹讨来用。”屠户连忙把拳头________了回去,往腰里____,1.在文中横线上填上恰当的动词,并说说这些动词表现了胡屠户怎样的性格特征?

2.本段在刻画胡屠户形象时运用的描写方法有哪些?

3.“他家里的银子„„何足为奇?”仔细揣摩这句话,你是怎样认识范进生活的那个社会的?

4.结尾一句“(胡屠户)千恩万谢,低着头,笑迷迷的去了”与全文开头最末一句“屠户横披了衣服,腆着肚子去了”形成了鲜明的对比。这刻画了胡屠户怎样的性格特征?

5.从这段文字中可以看出范进中举后,哪些方面发生了变化?从这些变化中可以看出当时怎样的社会现实?

(三)、名著阅读

1、⑴第二十三回《横海郡柴进留宾 》,⑵请你对武松性格进行点评。

2、我们知道,《水浒传》中的108将都是被逼上梁山的,但原因又各不相同。请你从备选人物中任选三个,分别用几个字概括出各自被逼原因的故事情节。

备选人物:宋江 林冲 杨志 鲁达

3、古典名著《水浒》塑造了一大批栩栩如生的人物形象。读下面故事片段,指出其中的“他”是哪位水浒英雄,在他身上发生过哪些著名的故事。

他只把这十五两银子与了金老,分付道:“你父女两个将去做盘缠,一面收扮行李。俺明日清早来发付你两个起身,看那个店主人敢留你!”,金老并女儿拜谢去了。他把这二两银子丢还了李忠。

“他”是水浒英雄:

与“他”有关的一个著名故事:

4、说出下列情节出处及人物

青龙偃月刀 温酒斩华雄 身在曹营心在汉

作品:《 》 人物:

5、《水浒传》108位英雄人物中三位女性是、、。

.6、用意思相近的成语替换下面句子中划线部分的内容,写在句后的横线上。(2分)

①王熙凤是《红楼梦》总个性十分鲜明的典型人物,她的性格特征之一是“上头一脸笑,脚下使绊子;明是一盆火,暗是一把刀”。

②传统的家长会、上门家访,能被“电话家访”取代吗?中小学教师、家长和专家对此公说公有理,婆说婆有理,难以达成一致意见。

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