高考英语复习 词义辨析要点[本站推荐]

第一篇：高考英语复习 词义辨析要点[本站推荐]

高考英语复习词义辨析要点

[要点巩固] 词义辨析考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难题，欲觅简明准确的解释并非易事，考生在学习时首先应掌握其基本意思，再结合特定的语境进行比较。有鉴于此，我们将在教学中所积累的并结合高考试题，给考生提供中学英语中常见的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型等方面的指点。英语中的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型之间的区别，有的属英汉语意差别，有的属不同搭配表达意义不同，有的属搭配不同表达意义相同，有的属语气轻重有别，有的则属搭配范围和习惯不同等等。因此我们只能把重点放在中学英语学习过程中常见的易混、易错之处，不求面面俱到，只求对症下药，说清为止。[例题剖析] 例1 2.Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everyone in the office.A.which B.that C.this D.it 剖析：该题为非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用 which.正确答案为A.3.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _____ his notes.A.bring up B.referring to C.looking for D.trying on 剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bring up“养育、提出;吐出”，refer to“论及、说到、谈到、提及；参考、参阅、参照”，look for“寻找、寻求” try on“试穿，试戴”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿 ”。应选B。6.---Ow!I’ve burnt myself!---I _____ a hot pot.A.touched B.kept C.felt D.held 剖析：touch“触摸 ”，keep “保持” feel “感觉” hold“拿着”，所给的语境是“烫伤”故选A，因为触摸，才可能烫伤。

7.The old tower must be saved, _______ the cost.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 剖析：题义：“无论什么样的代价，这座古塔一定要拯救。”whatever可表示, “无论什么”whichever“无论哪个 ”。9.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _______ be very slow.A.should B.must C.will D.can 剖析：此题考查情态动词，should“应该”,must “一定”，will“将会、总是”，can“可能”，根据题义“„„ 因为有时可能会很慢。”故选 D。

10.---People should stop using their cars and start using public transport.---_______.The roads are too crowed as it is.A.All right B.Exactly C.Go ahead D.Fine 剖析：此题考查交际用语在一定语境中的应用。all right“不错，好啊”，exactly“（用于对答）正是、一点不错”，go ahead“前进，（催促对方）先请”，fine“好的、棒的”，根据题义，表示对对方所说的完全同意，“一点不错，正是”之意，故选B。

13.My mother always gets a bit ______ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.A.anxious B.ashamed C.weak D.patient 剖析：题义“如果我们没有在我们所说的时间到达，父母就会着急。”故选：A 16.I am sure David will be able to find the library---he has a pretty good _____ of direction.1

A.idea B.feeling C.experience D.sense 剖析：idea “主意、想法”，feeling“感觉、情感”，experience“经历、经验”，sense“感觉、辨别力、判断力”，a good sense of direction“方向感很强”。故选 D。19.I couldn’t ______.The line was busy.A.go by B.go around C.get in D.get through 剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别。go by“走过、流逝”，go around“四处走走”，get in“进入、收集”get through（用于电话等）联络到”。从下句“线路很忙”，故选D。20.We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _______ we like yet.A.one B.ones C.it D.them 剖析：此题考查代词的区别。题义“我们一直在看房子，但还没找到我们所喜欢的一套（房子）。答案为A,此处的one相当于a house，而ones相当于houses，it和them应指上文提到的同类同物。又如: Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_______ I will always treasure.(2002 NMET 35)A.that B.one C.it D.what 答案为one 相当于 a moment。意为：“．．．．．．，我将永远珍惜的时刻”。例2.22.No one helped me.I did it all ____ myself.A.for B.by C.from D.to 剖析：考查介词的区别。根据题义“没人帮助我，我独自做的”。by oneself“独自地 ”，for oneself“替/ 为自己”。故选B。

23.Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that 剖析：“Mary写了一篇关于为什么球队没有获胜的文章”。故选A。

25.We haven’t enough books for ______;some of you will have to share.A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobody 剖析：“我们没有给每人一本这么多的书，有些只能共同使用。”everyone与否定词not连用表示部分否定，“并非都„„”。故选C。另外all, both, always, every以及every构成的复合不定代词等，与not连用也表示部分否定。

26.Tom, you_____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this.A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not 剖析：答案为B。此题为情态动词的否定式。wouldn’t“不会 ”，mustn’t“不准、不得 ”，needn’t“不必 ”，may not“不可以”。

27.They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car, ____ we managed to bring the price down.A.but B.so C.when D.since 剖析：此题为连词，根据题义表示转折，故选A。31.---Oh, dear!I’ve just broken a window.---______.It can’t be helped.A.Never mind B.All right C.That’s fine D.Not at all 剖析：此题为交际用语的区别。Never mind“不要紧、没关系 ”，All right（表示同意）“好、可以 ”，That’s fine“很好”，Not at all（用来回答thank you）表示“不用谢”。故选A。(It can’t be helped.= We must accept it.你已经把它打碎了，没办法弥补了。)[实战演练]

选词填空

1.alone / lonely ①Let him _______.②I shall have a companion in the house after all these _______ years.2

答案: alone , lonely 辨析：alone可以用作形容词或副词，作形容词时，只能在句子中充当表语或宾语补足语，用来陈述“单独一人，无其他人”这样一个事实。lonely只能用作形容词，在句子中充当表语或定语，指人时，作“孤独的、寂寞的”解；指地方时作“荒凉的、人迹稀少的”解。2.accept / receive Mary _______ a gift from a friend, but she didn’t seem to ________ it.答案: received, accept 辨析：accept表示主观上“乐意接受”； receive 表示客观上“收到某物”。但receive education（接受教育）, receive guests（接见客人）。3.means / way / method ①Thoughts are expressed by ________ of speech.②He always speaks in a careless ________.③He worked out the maths problem with a different ________.答案：means, way, method 辨析：这三个词都可以解释为“方法、方式、手段”。means前用介词by；其后用of+名词或动词的-ing形式。way作“方法”讲时，前面可用介词in。method一般指“（系统的）一套方法或方式”，前面用介词with.4.other / others / the other / the others / another ①We study Chinese, maths, English and ________ lessons.②I don’t want this one.Please give me ________.③She has two children.One is a boy, ________ is a girl.④Some are singing and dancing, some are drawing,and________ are climbing the hill.⑤There are fifty-five students in our class.Thirty of us are girls.____ are boys.答案：other;another;the other;others;The others 辨析：other作前置定语，修饰单数或复数名词。another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”。the other表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指。others用作代词，泛指“其他人”或“其它物”。the others指整体中除去一部分后，剩余的全部。5.instead / instead of ①If you are too busy, you may come another day ________.②If you have no time, I’ll go ________ you.答案：instead;instead of 辨析：instead是副词，意思是“代替，顶替”，通常被放在句尾，也可放在句首。instead of是介词词组，意思除了“代替”外还有“而不是”之意。6.occur / happen / take place ①An idea suddenly ________ to me.②The car accident ________ yesterday.③I ________ to be out when you came here.④Great changes have ________ in my home town.答案：occurred;happened/occurred;happened;taken place 辨析：occur属较正式的用语。它可指一件偶然事件的“发生”；也可指在一定的时间“发生”、“出现”一定的事件，它还可以表示抽象事物，如思想等的“产生”，其后接to sb.时，常作“想起”、“想到”解。happen属普通用语，常用来表示偶然事件的“发生”。其后接不定式或用在 “It happened that„”句型中的时候，作“恰好”、“碰巧”、“偶然”解。take place也作“发生”解，但一般没有偶然的意味。它更常用来指一个预先安排好的事情的“发生”，常作“举行”解。7.wish / hope

①I _______it will be fine tomorrow.②I _______you success.③I _______it would be fine tomorrow.④He sent me an e-mail, _______to get further information.答案：hope;wish;wish;hoping 辨析：这两个词使用的句型不同（如①②）。hope所表示的愿望一般可以实现，wish所表示的愿望实现的可能性不大。wish 接从句时用虚拟语气。8.include / contain ①The price _______ the postage.②The parcel _______a dictionary.答案：includes;contained 辨析：两者均有“包含”、“包括”之意。但include表示所包含之物中的一部分；contain指所包含之物的全部或部分，也可表示某一种物质中含有什么成分。9.damage / destroy ①Don’t do anything that _______the relation between the two countries.②In 1941,the Germans tried to _______the city of St.Petersburg.答案：damages;destroy 辨析：damage意为“损害”、“损坏”，其破坏程度比destroy小；destroy意为“摧毁”、“毁坏”、“破坏”，含有彻底或严重毁坏，以至不复存在、无法修复、无法工作或使用之意。10.worth / worthy ①-How much is this old book _______?-It’s worth $30.②Is this book _______reading once again? ③This book is _______of being read.答案：worth;worth;worthy 辨析：worth只作表语，其后一般跟名词或动名词，若跟不定式或动名词作主语，用“It is worthwhile to do/doing”结构；worthy可作表语或定语，作表语时，其后可跟“of+名词或doing的被动形式或不定式的被动形式”，作定语是，意为“有价值的，可敬的，相称的”。11.believe / believe in ①I _______what he said.②They _______God.答案：believe;believe in 辨析：believe作及物动词是，其后可跟名词，表示“相信”；后接从句或复合宾语时，表示“认为；料想；相信”等。believe in是一个动介型短语动词，表示“信奉；信仰（指对某种思想、主张、观念、行动具有信心）”和“信任（have trust in）”。12.cost / pay / spend / take ①The furniture ______(me)6,000 yuan altogether.②Careless driving may ______you your life.③I ______ $15 for the dictionary.④How much(What)do you _______on clothes each year? ⑤It _______(us)a whole day to paint the house.答案：cost;cost;paid;spend;took 辨析：cost“价值为，值（钱）”，以物作主语，可跟双宾语或只跟直接宾语。pay“花费，支付（金钱）”，同spend一样以人作主语，但常与for, to do搭配，其后可跟宾语、单宾语或不跟宾语。spend“花费（金钱）”，与on, for连用，义同pay for;“花费（时间）”，与on,(in)doing连用；“度过（时光）”。take“需要，必要”，常以（做）某事为主语，以时间做宾语或跟双宾

语，常用在 “It takes sb some time to do sth.”的句型中。13.besides / except / but / except for ①Your composition was well written _______a few spelling mistakes.②She helps to cook and wash _______looking after the baby.③He has done everything _______what I asked him to do.④No one knows Mr.Benson’s address _______his daughter.⑤We go to the night club _______it is raining.答案：except for;besides;except;except /but;except when 辨析：but和except都表示“除„„之外，没有”，两者大多数情况下可以互换，但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one等词后多用but。except表示从整体上减去一部分，而besides还包括除去的那部分，相当于in addition to。except for意为“除了„„之外”，用于排除非同类事物，其中for表示理由或细节，订正或修正某些事实。except that用做连词，后跟从句，根据从句的需要也可用except when, except where等。14.raise / rise / lift ①She _______and left.②He _______his voice to make himself heard clearly.③The rock is too heavy to _______.答案：rose;raised;lift 辨析：raise是及物动词，意为“举起，抬起”，是lift的同义词，两者有时可以互换，只是lift比raise更口语化，更强调提重物时的费力情况，多指将某物举成垂直状态。rise 意为“升起，提高，起立”，是不及物动词，主语是人时，表示站起来；主语物时，表示某物本身移动到较高的位置或是由底向高变化的过程。15.common / ordinary / general ①Clods are _______in winter.②His _______supper consists of only bread and milk.③This book is intended for the _______reader, not for the specialist.答案：common;ordinary;general 辨析：common强调“常见的，不足为奇的”。ordinary强调“平常的，平淡无奇的”。general意为“普通的，一般的”。16.lay / lie ①You can _______your coat on the bed.②These eggs were not _______by hens but by geese.③By studying we are _______ a foundation for the future.④He _______in the bed with a bad cold yesterday.⑤He _______to his father about the amount of money he had spent.答案：lay;laid;laying;lay;lied 辨析：lay用作及物动词，表示小心地“放下”、“放平”的意思，还可以引申表示“铺设”、“设置”、“砌（砖）”、“产（卵）”、“下（蛋）”、“奠定（基础）”等意思，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是laid, laid, laying。lie是不及物动词，当表示“躺下”、“平躺”、“位于”、“在于”等意思时，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是lay, lain, lying；当表示“说谎”、“撒谎”，其后常接to sb.(about sth.),过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是lied, lied, lying。17.one / that / the one ①His attitude to me was _______of a comrade.②I’m looking for a house and I like _______with a garden.③I like this book better than _______I read last time.答案：that;one;the one

辨析：one和that均可替代前面提到过的名词，that强调特指，且常用of连接后置定语，相当于“the+名词”； one 用于泛指，带有前置定语，相当“a(n)+名词;the one用来替代同类事物中特指的另一个，that的复数形式为 those，而 one的复数形式是 ones。另外不可数名词用 that来代替。

第二篇：词义辨析

1994-2009年高考单选题分类整理

一 名词

1.To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _____”.2008安徽D

A.SkyB.LifeC.ArtsD.Voices

2.What’s the ____ of having a public open space where you can’t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?2008福建A

A.senseB.matterC.caseD.opinion

3.The young man made a ______to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.2008湖北B

A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution

4.The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_____.2008湖北A

A.atmosphereB.stateC.situationD.phenomenon

5.---Shall we go out for a walk?2008江西A

---Sorry.This is not the right ____ to invite me.I am too tired to walk.A.momentB.situationC.placeD.chance

6.I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale;it was a real ____.2008山东B

A.exchangeB.bargainC.tradeD.business

7.Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ____ financial aid.2008天津D

A.in favour ofB.in honour ofC.in face ofD.in need of

8.Most air pollution is caused by the burning of ____ like coal, gas and oil.2008天津A

A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products

9.At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _____.2008天津A

A.out of sightB.out of reachC.out of orderD.out of place

10.Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.2008浙江A

A.senseB.viewC.meansD.idea

11.The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ____ in many parts of the city.2007安徽

A.lookB.signC.sightD.appearance

12.Despite such a big difference in _____towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.2007湖北

A.point

津

A.billsB.expensesC.pricesD.chargesB.ideaC.attitudeD.sight 13.One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living ____.2007天

14.Of the seven days in the a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular ____ for a wedding in some countries.2007浙江

A.wayB.situationC.eventD.choice

15.AIDS control and prevention is a ______to China as well as the whole world． 2007上海春

A．surprise B．challengeC．reactionD．threat

16.— You are always full of ______.Can you tell me the secret?2007福建

—Taking plenty of exercise every day.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.energy

17.I can’t say which wine is beat—it’s a(n)_____of personal taste.2007山东

A．affairB．eventC．matterD．variety

18.He and his wife are of the same _____;they both want their son to go to college.2007

A.soul

辽宁

A.limitB.lackC.needD.demand

20.My morning ____ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.2007上海

A.drill

建)

A.explanationsB.instructionsC.descriptionsD.introductions

22.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ___ and weaknesses.(06湖北)

A.strengthsB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values

23.The _____on his face told me that he was angry.(06湖北)

A.impressionB.sightC.appearanceD.expression

24.At tile meeting they discussed three different ____to the study of mathematics.(06湖北)

A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways

25.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous _____.(06辽宁)

A.statesB.conditionsC.situationsD.positions

26.Finding information in today’s world is easy.The _____is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(06天津)

A.abilityB.competitionC.challengeD.knowledge

27.---If you like I can do some shopping for you.(06浙江)

---That’s a very kind _____.A.offerB.serviceC.pointD.suggestion

28.You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _____.(06广东)

A.dateB.shapeC.orderD.balance B.action C.regulation D.routineB.spiritC.heartD.mind陕西19.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ____ of exercise.200721.Always read the ____ on tile bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.(06福

29.When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ____ was the fear of water.（06上海）

A.evidenceB.crisisC.obstacleD.danger

30.My ____ of this weekend's activity is going out with some good friends.（05安徽）

A.ideaB.opinionC.mindD.thought

31.The classroom is big enough _____, but we'll have to move if we have more students.（05福建）

A．for the moment B．on the moment C．in a moment

A．companiesB．branches

worked with others.（05上海）

A.temperB.appearanceC.talent D.character

34.Usually a child's behavior is a ___ of his family environment.(04上海春)

A recognitionB.reflectionC.returnD.record

35.We need to consider what _____ we will be using for language training.(04上海春)

A.abilitiesB.appliancesC.facilities(设备，设施)D.qualities A.reachB.handC.holdD.place 36.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children's _____.(04天津)

37.The environmentalists and wild goats' ____ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.(04上海)

A.escapeB.absenceC.attendanceD.appearance

38.In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _____ in personality.(04上海)

A.contactB.contrastC.connectionD.conflict 39.Chinese arts have won the _____ of a lot of people outside China.(04上海)A.enjoymentB.appreciation C.entertainmentD.reputation

40.Don't leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _____of little children.(04湖北)

A．handB．reachC．spaceD．distance

41.The manager has got a good business _____ so the company is doing well．(2003北京)B

A．ideaB．senseC．thoughtD．thinking

42.If you're driving to the airport，can you give me a _____ ？(2003安徽)D

A．handB．seatC．driveD．lift

43.Perhaps we need to clear away these books to make _____ for our new students．(2003安徽)D

C

A.occasionB.caseC.situationD.background

45.More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great ___ of goods.(2003A．placeB．areaC．spaceD．room D．for a moment 32.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ____ all over the country.（05辽宁）C．organizationsD．businesses 33.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _____ was seen at its best when he 44.The collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult _____.(2003上海春)

上海春)A

A.varietyB.mixtureC.extensionD.combination

46.---I'm sorry I stepped outside for a smoke, I was very tired.(2003北京)B

---There is no ____ for this while you are on duty.A.reasonB.excuseC.causeD.explanation

47.“I don't think it's my _____ that the TV blew up.I just turned it on, that's all, ”said the boy.(2003上海)C

A.errorB.mistakeC.faultD.duty

48.One of the consequences of our planet's being warming up is a(n)_____ in the number of natural disasters.(2003上海)D

A.resultB.accountC.reasonD.increase

49.Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ____, some people drink alcohol.(2003上海)D

A.temperB.moodC.consciousnessD.pressures

50.For the sake of her daughter’s health, she decided to move to a warm ＿＿.(2002上海春)D

A.weatherB.temperatureC.seasonD.climate

51.I saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and on that ＿＿he was simply brilliant.(2002上海春)C

A sceneB.circumstanceC.occasionD.situation

52.It can’t be a(n)＿＿that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.(2002上海春)A

A.coincidenceB.accidentC.incidentD.chance

53.To regain their _____ after an exhausting game, the players lay in the grass.(2002上海)B

A.forceB.energyC.powerD.health

54.According to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily ____ and effect.(2002上海)D

A.reasonB.impactC.factD.cause

55.Every new ____ has the possibility of making or losing money.(2002上海)B

A.eventB.impactC.factD.cause

56.---Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?(2001上海)A

---No, it's out of ____.A.rangeB.reachC.controlD.distance

57.The life of London is made up of many different ____.(2001上海)A

A.elementsB.sectionsC.materialsD.realities

58.The ___ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.(2001上海春)B

A．bicycle's shopB．bicycle shopC．bicycles shop D．bicycles' shop

59.This is not a match.We're playing chess just for ______.(2001上海春)C

A．habitB．hobbyC．funD．game

60.No matter what you do, you should put your _____ into it.(2001上海春)B

A．mindB．heartC．brainD．thought

61.There are usually at least two _____ of looking at every question.(2001上海春)D

A．meansB．directionsC．viewsD．ways

62.Some of the passengers told the reporters about their _______ in the burning train.(2000上海

春)D

A.detailsB.tripsC.eventsD.experiences

63.Everybody believes he will be the winner of the 100-metre _______.(2000上海春)D

A.matchB.competitionC.contestD.race

64.The rescue team made every _______ to find the missing mountain climber.(2000上海春)C

A.forceB.energyC.effortD.possibility

65.You'll find this map of great_____in helping you to get roundLondon.(1998全国)C

A.priceB.costC.valueD.usefulness

66.If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a ______.(1997全国)A

A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.notice

67.Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of_____.(1996上海)A

A.energy B.source C.power D.material

68.He gained his _____by printing_____of famous writers.(1995全国)D

A.wealth;work B.wealths worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works

69.Here's my card.Let's keep in _____.(1994全国)A

A.touch B.relation C.connectionD.friendship

第三篇：“会议”词义辨析

“会议”词义辨析

1、Conference：是指正式的会议，通常持续几天，有一个特定的主题，将有共同爱好目的的人聚集到一起，在讨论会上经常发生正规讨论。相比较而言，讨论会一般是指特殊专业或学术活动。与congress比，规模较小，但涵义较高，信息交换较易。

2、Workshop研习会：由几个人进行密集讨论的集会，通常需当场作练习，如：国际礼仪、站姿等等。Workshop是泛指较小型，但互动性较高的会议.3、Symposium：它的复数形式为Symposiums 或者Symposia。专指特殊学术讨论的集会。某种特定领域的专家，学者和与会者探讨一个特定的主题。与Conference相比较，Symposium一般更狭义特指某一范围。在规模上专题会比Conference小，类似forum，但参与人数较多，会期2-3天，而且较正式。

4、Congress：基本特点是由专属国家的政府或非政府组织的代表或委员参加。它的举办是为了讨论争端，计划和公众利益。通常规模大，有代表性，范围广。举例说明：第二届世界妇女大会由联合国举办，有来自世界各地的两万名代表出席。

5、Meeting：是各类人为了某一目的进行聚会的通用总体称谓。它的最初意思是指与某人见面或聚首。在这里的意思是：如果有多于两个的人聚集到一起谈话和讨论，这种活动行为被称为会议。由于会议的定义相当广泛所以很难清晰的区分，它意指各类聚集，有准备或无准备的，正式或非正式的，时间可长可短，规模可大可小，参加人数可多可少等等。为了明确会议种类，因此会议名称需要进一步划分。

6、Convention：是一种例行会议，大量聚集人群讨论其组织和政团事务。例如每年的联合国大会，两年一次的金属协会会议。通常由博学的社团，专业学术协会或非政府组织主办。参加者是依指示参加，目的是为了组织特定目的或商讨政策等，convention有时会附带小型分组展览。

7、Forum：论坛实际上是一种公众集会，在那里人们交换思想，讨论问题，特别是重要的公众问题。举例：亚洲经济论坛会。

8、Lecture 演讲：仅由一位专家来作报告，报告后不一定会接受观众的提问。

9、Seminar 学术会议：通常是类似课堂的会议，一群专家藉一次或一系列集会来达到训练或进修的目的。不同于一般情况的会议，主要由发言者演示，同时其它的人先听之后参与讨论或发问。在这种意义上，一个学术会议可看成演讲加讨论--讨论通常跟在演讲后面。

10、Colloquium 学习报告：是seminar 的一种正式用法。通常指大型的学术会议分小组讨论。邀请某一领域的专家，专业人士参加，与会者将表示他们在特定领域的思想和看法，属于非正式不定期会议。

11、Panel Discussion 座谈：座谈成员是一群专家，对于专门课题提出观点再进行座谈，并且有一位主持人。

12、Assembly 集会：正式的全体集会，参加者以组织成员为主，固定时间及地点定期举行。

第四篇：高考英语复习必备词汇辨析[一]（推荐）

1.above all

表示“最重要的是；尤其”的意思。

例如：

The local government faces many tough problems, and above all, pollution problem.当地政府面临许多问题，但首当其冲的是污染问题。

A capable candidate should be outstanding in many ways, and above all, confidence.一个称职的竞选者应在许多方面表现突出，但最重要的是自信心。

2.according to

according to是一个短语介词，意思是“按照或根据”。

例如：

He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.他所受的惩罚要根据其犯罪的严重程度而定。

I will take the medicine according to the instruction.我会按说明来服药的。

我们又常常会碰到“according as”这一短语，那么这两者又有何联系呢？according as 是短语从属连词，后接从句。作“根据……而”或 “视……而定”解。例如：You will be praised or blamed according as your work is well done or not.根据你的工作表现好坏，将给予奖励或惩罚。

3.account for

这个词的意思比较多，归纳起来,有以下用法：

1).解释，说明。例如:She was unable to account for '5000.她无法解释那5000美元的去处。

2).是……产生的原因,解释为什么有(某种情况)。例如：The police tried to account for the blood spot.警察试图解释这血迹是怎么来的。

3).占。例如： Students account for 50% of our customers.在我们的顾客中，学生占了一半。

The tuition accounts for two thirds of his income.学费占了他三分之一的收入。

4.act out

表示表演出来比划着(用手势及语言表演或表达)“的意思。

例如：

The children were told to act out their favorite story.孩子们被要求表演他们最喜爱的故事。

The football fan is trying to act out the match he saw on TV.这个足球迷正试图连比带划地把他在电视上看到的比赛讲出来。

说到表演，则使人想起一个与之意思相关的另一个词组，也是高中阶段常用的词组之一，那就是”act as“，意思是充当，担任，扮演……的角色。

例如：She acted as a princess in the short play.她在这部短剧中扮演公主。

Many college students act as guides during their summer vacation.许多大学生在暑假里担任导游。

add to中的add是不及物动词，to为介词，一起构成及物动词词组，表示增加，增添的意思。

例如：

They also raise fish and poultry, thus adding to the total income.他们还养鱼，饲养家禽以增加收入。

Her son's death added to the old lady's sadness.这位老妇人因儿子之死而更加悲伤。注意区别它与add…to以及add up to 的不同含义。add…to的意思是把……加到……上去。例如：Would you please add a few notes to the article?请您给这篇文章加几条注释好吗?而add up to的意思是加起来等于，总计达。其中，add是不及物动词，up是副词，to是介词，一起构成及物动词词组。

例如：The various building programs add up to several thousand new homes.各种各样的建筑项目构筑成了几千座新屋.The total figures add up to 270.总数加起来是270。

6.adventure与venture

这两个词都有冒险的意思，都可用作名词和动词。那么它们之间究竟有何不同呢?adventure多用于褒义场合，指危险中非常激动人心的经历。

例如：He talked about his adventure in the desert.他讲述了他在沙漠中的一些冒险经历。

venture主要用于商业上的冒险和投机活动，特别指那些不是一下子发迹就是输得精光的投机活动。作动词时，还可表示冒昧，敢于的意思。

例如：

One lucky venture in Australia made his name overnight.在澳洲一次幸运的投机使他一夜成名。

I venture to say that by the year 2500 there will be men living on the moon.我敢说，到公元2500年会有人在月球上居住。

7.afford

高中课文中出现的与此单词组成的词组是afford sb.sth.，表示提供某人某物。例如：

Those efforts afforded us useful experience.这些努力使我们得到了一些有益的经验。These activities afforded him great pleasure in his old age.这些活动给他的晚年带来了很大的乐趣。

在很多场合，afford表示有经济条件做某事。

例如：

Before liberation many people could not afford to send their children to school.解放前很多人由于付不起学费而不能送孩子上学。

In those days we were too poor to afford medical treatment.那时候我们太穷，治不起病。

表示同意某一建议，安排等，意思接近consent to。

例如：We agreed to their suggestion.我们同意了他们的建议。

Under no circumstances can we agree to such a principle.在任何情况下我们都不会同意这一原则。

注意：在agree后接不同介词，词义会有所不同，如：agree with，表示同意某人的意见，我们可以说：I quite agree with him.我完全同意他的意见。又如： agree on或agree upon，它表示在某一点上取得或具有相同意见，可以说：They finally agreed upon the terms of the contract.他们最后就合同的条文达成了协议。I don't agree with you on many things.在许多问题上我同你的意见有分歧。

9.aim at

提到”aim at“这个词组，便会使人想到”aim for“这一词组，两者都表示目的是，旨在的意思，但也存在一些细微的区别。aim at 是动介型短语动词，其后可接名词，代词或动名词。它除了表示目的是，旨在的意思外，还有瞄准之意。

例如：

He aimed at the lion and fired but missed it.他对准狮子开枪，但没有击中。He picked up a stone and aimed it at the dog.他捡起一块石头朝狗扔去。

又如：We are aiming at a 50% increase in production.我们打算使产量增长百分之五十。

10.allow

allow 既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词(多用于及物动词)，它主要有三种意义：

1)(1).允许；许可(1)跟名词，动名词或代词。

例如：We cannot allow such a thing.对这样的事我们不能袖手旁观。

(2)跟名(代)词+不定式。

例如：Please allow me to congratulate you on your success.请允许我祝贺你的成功。

(3)跟名词(代词)+副词

The doorman allowed us in one by one.看门人让我们一个一个地进去。

2).给予;让……有How much money does your father allow you for books?你父亲给你多少钱买书?

They allowed us twenty minutes for lunch.他们给我们二十分钟的时间吃午饭。

3).承认(1)跟名词或代词The judge allowed the claim.法官同意了这一要求.(2)跟从句The officer allowed that it was an American tank.那军官承认这是一辆美国制造的坦克。

(3)跟带不定式的复合结构You must allow yourself to be in the wrong.你必需认错。表示允许的词很多，比如: permit，let，admit等。下面我们来看一看它们之间的差别。allow指”听凭“，”不禁止“，含有消极的意味。例如：

My parents do not allow me to go out at night.我父母不允许我晚上出去。

permit指正式地”允许“或根据法律规定”许可“, 比allow来得积极。例如：

Smoking is not permitted in the cinema.电影院内禁止吸烟。

试比较：Hunting is allowed in this area, though not officially permitted.这个地区是可以狩猎的，尽管法律上不允许。而let表示”允许“、”让“，指不予以阻止或反对，它比allow更具有口语色彩。

11.answer for

”answer for“ 与 ”answer to“ 是两个比较容易混淆的词组。这两个词都是动介型短语动词，介词后接名词或代词作宾语。answer for是”对……负责“、”因……(错误)而负责“的意思。例如：

Do you think parents should have to answer for their children's behavior?你是否认为父母应对子女的行为负责?

You will have to answer for your wrongdoing one day.终有一天会你会为你的错误行动付出代价。

而”answer to“是”适应，符合“和”与……一致“等意思。

That answers precisely to our need.这正好符合我们的需要。

This is the answer to the question.这就是问题的答案。

12.a number of

表示数量短语，意思是”若干，许多，大量“，其后一般接复数可数名词。

例如：A number of scholars have done the experiment.许多学者已做了这项实验。

A number of new products have been trial-produced.许多新品已试制出来了。

注意区别它与the number of的不同用法。the number of是一名词短语，意为”……的数目“。复数的形式为the numbers of。作主语时，谓语动词应随the number的单复数变化。例如：

The number of students is increasing.学生人数正在不断增加。

The numbers of the machine parts are not available.这些机器零件的号码找不到了。

13.apply for

apply for是一个大家都很熟悉的词语，意思是”申请，请求“。

例如：I want to apply for the position.我想申请这个职位。

如果把这个词组中的for改为to，那么又是什么含义呢? ”apply to“可以表示”敷上，涂上“。

例如：Apply some medicine to his wound.在他的伤口上敷一些药。它还可用来表示”努力，专心“，相当于 ”devote…to“。

例如：He applied himself to the research.他很卖力地做此项研究。

14.ask for

表示”请求得到，请求见到“或”需要“等意。

例如：

If you get into difficulties, don't hesitate to ask for advice.你要是碰到困难，要赶紧向人请教。

They all asked for the job.他们都要求做这项工作。

A young man was here earlier, asking for Mary.一位年轻人刚刚来过这里，说要见玛丽。The matter asks for immediate attention.这件事需要立即处理。

ask是一个使用频率较高的字，在高中阶段，ask after 与ask about 也是常常容易弄错的词组。请注意它们的区别。这两个词组都表示”问候，问起“的意思。但在意义上稍有不同。ask after 一般只指对第三者的问候，ask about则既可代替ask after 指对第三者的问候，也可用来表示对对方的直接问候。例如：He asked after your health.他向你问候。He asked about me when I met him yesterday.我昨天碰到他时，他问起我的情况。

15.at all

与after all这两个是介词短语，都在句中作状语，起加强语气的作用，但其用法和意义是有区别的。前者常用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。用于否定句时，表示”根本“；用于条件句时，译为”当真，实在“。

例如：I didn't understand him at all.当时，我根本不明白他的意思。

If you want to keep your job at all, do it well.若你要保住这份工作，就得好好做。after all常常用来表示”毕竟，终究“的意思。

Don't blame him, he is a little boy after all.别责备他了，他毕竟还是个孩子。So you see I am right after all.你看，终究还是我对。

16.at a time

作”一次，每次“讲，常用于”数词+at a time“的结构中。

例如：Enter two at a time.每次进来两人。

He checked them off one at a time as they came in.他们进来时，他一个一个地核对。注意它与at one time 的区别。at one time一般指”过去某一时期，曾一度(once)“或”同时“的意思。如表示”同时"，则两者可通用。例如：At one time I used to like her, but not any more.我曾一度很喜欢他，现在可不喜欢了。

第五篇：俄语中Чуть,чуть не,чуть ли не词义辨析

这三组词意思不同，但往往被用错、用混。

Чуть（稍微，稍稍地）表示行为已发生，但程度很轻微。在口语中常用чуть-чуть, чуточку.如：

Узнав об этом, он чуть(чуточку)смутился.（知道此事之后，他有些难为情起来。）

За последнее время он чуть пополнел.（近来，他稍微胖了一些。）

Огонь в печке чуть-чуть горит.（炉火着的不旺。）

Чуть(было)не（几乎要，差不多就）表示行为差一点就发生了，实际上并未发生。如：

Я земной шар чуть не весь обошёл(Маяковский).（我几乎走遍了整个地球。）

Он чуть(было)не разбил чашку.（他差点把碗打了。）试比较：

Услышав эти слова, она чуть поплакала.（听了这些话，她哭了一会儿。）

Услышав эти слова, она чуть не заплакала.（听见这些话，她几乎哭了起来。）

Чуть ли не（大概，可能，差不多）表示说话人对所指出的事实没有十分的把握。如：

Постой-ка, это чуть ли не в прошлом году происходило?（等一下，这大概是去年发生的事吧？）

Чуть ли не вы сами об этом мне рассказывали.（可能就是您跟我谈过此事。）

На этот раз он написал сочинение чуть ли не лучше всех.（这一次他的作文差不多比谁写得都好。）