某些介词的用法辨析

第一篇：某些介词的用法辨析

某些介词的用法辨析

⑴ 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别：表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间； 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床)/ His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院)

⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态；“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：He said that he would be here after 6：00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)

⑶ since与for表示时间的用法区别：“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”,“for +(一段斶间)”表示“总共有…之久”,都常用于完成时态；如：Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970.(李叔叔自从1970年起就在这家工厂工作了)/ Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years.(李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了30多年)

⑷ by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如：We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/ Please write that article(文章)in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/ Let‟s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的)

⑸ about与on的用法区别：都可以表示“有关…”,但是about的意义比较广,而on主要表示“有关…(专题/课程)”。如：Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America.(汤姆要作一个美国历史的报告)/ They are very excited talking about the coming field trip.(他们兴致勃勃地谈论着即将来到的野外旅游)

⑹ through与across、over的用法区别： through指“穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)”； across和over可以指“跨越…(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过…”时只能用over.如：Just then a rat(鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只老鼠跑过路面)/ There is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)/ They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time.(他们翻过大山提前到达了那里)/ The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)

(7)as与like的区别：两个词都表示“像……”,但是as译为“作为……”,表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实,而like译为“像……一样”,表示外表,不是事实。如：Let me speak to you as a father.(我以父亲的身份和你讲话。)(说话者是听者的父亲)/ Let me speak to you like a father.(让我像一位父亲一样和你讲话)(说话者不是听者的父亲)

(8)at the end of、by the end of、to the end、in the end的用法区别：at the end of…既可以表示时间也可以表示地点,译为“在…末；在…尽头”,常与过去时连用；by the end of…只能表示时间,译为“在…前；到…为止”,常用于过去完成时； in the end与at last基本等义,表示“终于、最后”,通常用于过去时；to the end译为“到…的终点为止”,前面往往有表示运动或连续性的动词。如：By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III.(到上学期期末我们已经学习了第三册16个单元)/ At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows.(在路的尽头你能找到一幢有棕色窗户的白房子)/ They left for Beijing at the end of last week.(上周末他们动身去了北京)/ In the end he succeeded in the final exams.(他最终在期末考试中考及格了)/ We should go on with the work to the end.(我们应该把工作干到底)/ Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.(沿这条路走到底就能看见一家邮电局)

(9)for a moment、for the moment、in a moment、at the moment的区别：for a moment“一会儿、片刻”(=for a while),常与持续性动词连用；for the moment“暂时、目前”,常用于现在时；in a moment“一会儿、立即、马上”(=soon;in a few minutes),一般用于将来时；at the moment“此刻,眼下”(=now),用于现在进行时。如：Please wait for a moment.(请稍等)/ Let‟s leave things as they are for the moment.(暂时就维持现状吧！)/ I‟ll come back in a moment.(我过会儿回来)/ I am very busy at the moment.(眼下我很忙)

(10)but的问题：用介词but引出另一个动词时,要注意：如果前面有do,后面就用原形动词,前面没有do时,后面的动词要加to。如：I could do nothing but wait.(我什么也做不了只能等)/ They had no choice(选择)but to fight.(他们没有选择只有战斗)

(11)in front of 与in the front of： in front of“在…的前面”, 与in the front of“在…的前部”。如：A car was parking in front of the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/ In the front of the hall stood a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)

(12)except(for)与besides的区别：except“除了”,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含；而besides“除了”则表示包含,即“不仅……又……”。如：Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom.(除了Tom,大家都去了故宫博物院)(Tom没有去故宫)/ Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects.(除了汉语之外,他还学其他许多功课)(“汉语”也是他学的功课之一)other than 除了......之外......There 're nobody here other than me 与.....不同.....与.....不同方式.....we can't get there other than by swimming.Apart from : with the exception of...;besides...Apart form a few scratches, the car was undamaged.早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。

年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。

将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。

有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。

特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。

介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。

特定时日和“一……就”，on后常接动名词。

年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。

步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。

at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。

工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。

就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。

海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。

接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。

over、under正上下，above、below则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。„

beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。

同类比较except，加for异类记心间。

原状because of,、owing to、due to表语形容词

under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。

before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。

before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。

since以来during间，since时态多变换。

与之相比beside，除了last but one。

复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。

快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。

but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。

ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。

in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。

如大体掌握如上介调用法口诀，就不易出错。当然，至于介词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。

早、午、晚要用in 例：in the morning 在早上

in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天

at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午

at night 在夜间

at midnight 在午夜

以上短语都不用冠词

at six o“clock 在6点钟 at 7：30(seven thirty)在7点半

at half past eleven 在11点半

at nine fifteen 在9点15分

at ten thirty a.m.在上午10点30分

也可以写成

seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2点过5分

at a quarter to two 1点45分

at the weekend 在周末 年、月、年月、季节、周

即在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”(但在某年某月某 日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。例；in 1986 在1986年

in 1927 在1927年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月

in December 1986 1986年12月

in July l983 1983年7月

in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季

in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季

in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周

阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in，即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。

例：Don”t read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。

They are sitting in the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。

a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯

He went in the rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到车站去接我。

The poor dressed(clothed)in rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛．

以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下

a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人 the woman in white(black, red, yellow)穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服

in mourning 穿着丧服 in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋

in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫 将来时态in...以后

例: They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来。

I“ll come round in a day or two.我一两天就回来。

We”ll be back in no time.我们一会儿就回来。

Come and see me in two days“ time.两天后来看我。(从现在开始)after...(从过去开始)小处at大处in

例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well.Don”t worry.李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。

I live in a great city(big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。

I“m in Liaoning, at Anshan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市．

有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in

例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)

The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)

”Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy“ is a good opera.<<智取威虎山>>是—出好戏。(无形)The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——无形)

I really can”t express my idea in English freely in-deed． 我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)

I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)

The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system． 公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用in)

The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)This board was cast in bronze not in gold.这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。

特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in

特征或状态：

例: The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。

They found the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。

He has not been in good health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。

The house was in ruins.这房屋成了废墟。

The poor girl was in tears.这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。

Her clothes were in rags.她的衣跟穿破了。

His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。

I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。

She spoke in grief rather than in anger.与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。

还有一些短语也用in，如： in jest 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地，in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。

His mind was in great confusion.他脑子里很乱。

Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪低落的。

She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同学都正值妙龄。

The compaign was in full swing.运动正值高潮中。

方面：

例：we accepted the item in principle.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。

They are never backward in giving their views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。

The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。

A good teacher must be an example in study.一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。

方式：

例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.所有报告都用速记记录下来了。The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。

如下成语惯用in

例如： in all 总计 in advance 事前

in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地

in hopes of(或in the hope of)怀着.......希望

in connection with 和……有关 in contact with 和……联系

in addition to 除......以外 in case of 倘若，万一

in conflict with 和......冲突 in force 有效的，大批

in depth 彻底地

in regard to 关于

in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近

in retrospect 回顾，一想起 in behalf of 代表......利益

in the least 一点，丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心

in the opinion of 据……见解 in the long run 从长远说来

in one"s opinion 在……看来 in word 口头上

in a word 总之 in vain 无益地, 白白地

in case 如果，万一，以防

in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之

第二篇：介词at,in与on在时间方面用法辨析

学英语，练听力，上听力课堂！

at表示时间的一点;in表示一个时期;on表示特殊日子。如:

He goes to school at seven o’clock in the morning.他早晨七点上学。

Can you finish the work in two days.你能在两天内完成这个工作吗?

Linda was born on the second of May.琳达五月二日出生。

1.at后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如:

at five o’clock(五点),at down(黎明),at daybreak(天亮),at sunrise(日出),at noon(中午),at sunset(日落),at midnight(半夜),at the beginning of the month(月初), at that time(那时),at that moment(那会儿),at this time of day(在一天的这个时候)。

2.in后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如:

in 2006(2006年),in May,2004(2004年五月),in the morning(早晨/上午),in the afternoon(下午),in the evening(晚上),in the night(夜晚),in the daytime(白天),in the 21st century(21世纪),in three days(weeks/month)三天(周/个月),in a week(一周),in spring(春季)。

3.on后常接某日,星期几,某日或某周日的朝夕,节日等。如:

on Sunday(星期日),on a warm morning in April(四月的一个温暖的上午),on a December night(12月的一个夜晚),on that afternoon(那天下午),on the following night(下一个晚上),on Christmas afternoon(圣诞节下午),on October 1,1949(1949年10月1日),on New Year’s Day(新年),on New Year’s Eve(除夕),on the morning of the 15th(15日的早上)等。

声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。-1-

第三篇：日语介词用法

单击に：A表地点：北京に帰【かえ】る，回到北京

B表时间：3月10日に中国へ行【い】く

这两个翻译都是：在…………

C：表对象：父【ちち】に手纸【てがみ】を出【だ】す：给父亲写信

へ：这个很容易，因为它有强烈方向性，向某个方向XXXX，梦【ゆめ】へ飞【と】ぶ：向梦想飞翔。

で：A表地点，也是在的意思，但比に的范围大，例如在海里，是海【うみ】で

B表材料，手段，方法，ペンで书【か】く，用笔写

C：表原因：病気【びょうき】で休【やす】む，因病休息

を：A表宾语：吃饭，ご饭をたべる

B表示经过的轨迹or空间：空【そら】を飞【と】ぶ，这时就不用に了，当然你用に日本人也看得懂，相对而言を比较地道，因为に有固定某点之意，但你在天空飞是飞来飞去的，是一种痕迹运动……

此处添加内容

第四篇：介词用法小结

介词用法

早、午、晚要用 in，at 黎明、午夜、点与分。

年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。将来时态 in...以后，小处 at 大处 in。有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用 in。

介词 at 和 to 表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。

早、午、晚要用 in

例：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天

at 黎明、午、夜、点与分

例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜

以上短语都不用冠词

at six o'clock 在6点钟

at 7：30(seven thirty)在7点半 at half past eleven 在11点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15 分

at ten thirty a.m.在上午10点30分也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2点过5分 at a quarter to two 1点45分 at the weekend 在周末

年、月、年月、季节、周

即在“某年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”(但在某年某月某日则用 on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用 in。例：

in 1986 在1986 年 in 1927 在1927 年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月

in December, 1986 1986年12月 in July, l983 1983年7月

in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季

in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周

阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in，即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用 in。

例：Don't read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。

They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。

They are sitting in the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯

He went in the rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor dressed(clothed)in rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛。

以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下 a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人

the woman in white(black, red, yellow)穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服 in mourning 穿着丧服

in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫

将来时态 in „ 以后

例: They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来。I'll come round in a day or two.我一两天就回来。We'll be back in no time.我们一会儿就回来。

Come and see me in two days' time.两天后来看我。(从现在开始)After „(从过去开始)

小处 at 大处 in

例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well.Don't worry.李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。

I live in a great city(big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市．

有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in

例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera.<<智取威虎山>>是—出好戏。(无形)The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸馏分离出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——无形)

I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed． 我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用 in)

I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)

The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system． 公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用 in)

The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)

This board was cast in bronze not in gold.这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。

特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用 in

特征或状态：

例: The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。They found the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。

He has not been in good health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。

The house was in ruins.这房屋成了废墟。

The poor girl was in tears.这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags.她的衣服穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。

She spoke in grief rather than in anger.与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。还有一些短语也用 in，如： in jest 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地，in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。

His mind was in great confusion.他脑子里很乱。

Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪低落的。

She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同学都正值妙龄。The campaign was in full swing.运动正值高潮中。

方面：

例：We accepted the item in principle.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。They are never backward in giving their views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。

The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。

A good teacher must be an example in study.一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。

方式：

例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.所有报告都用速记记录下来了。

The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。

如下成语惯用 in 例：in all 总计 in advance 事前

in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地

in hopes of(或 in the hope of)怀着„„希望 in connection with 和„„有关 in contact with 和„„联系 in addition to 除„„以外 in case of 倘若，万一

in conflict with 和„„冲突 in force 有效的，大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于

in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近in retrospect 回顾，一想起 in behalf of 代表„„利益 in the least 一点，丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心

in the opinion of 据„„见解 in the long run 从长远说来 in one's opinion 在„„看来 in word 口头上 in a word 总之

in vain 无益地, 白白地 in case 如果，万一，以防 in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管

in other words „ 换句话说 in return 作为回报

in the name of 以„„名义 be confident in 对„„有信心 be interested in 对„„感兴趣 in doubt 怀疑 in love 恋爱中 in debt 负债

in fun(jest、joke)玩笑地 in hesitation 犹豫不决 in wonder 在惊奇中

in public(secret)公开他(秘密地)in a good humour 心情(情绪)好

“介词 at、to 表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分”

介词 at 和 to 都可以表示方向;用 at 表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意;用to 表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。

试比较下列各句：

1.A.She came at me.她向我扑过来。B.She came to me.她向我走过来。

2.A.Jake ran at John.杰克向约翰扑过去。B.Jake ran to John.杰克朝约翰跑去。

3.A.He rushed at the woman with a sword.他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。B.He rushed to the woman with a sword.他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。

4.A.He shouted at the old man.他大声喝斥那老人。B.He shouted to the old man.他大声向那老人说。

5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我听见她在抱怨小李。B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我听见她在同小李低声说话。

6.A.She talked at you just now.她刚才还说你坏话呢。B.She talked to you just now.她刚才还同你谈话呢.7.A.She threw a bone at the dog.她用一块骨头砸狗。B.She threw a bone to the dog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。

8.A.He presented a pistol at me.他用手枪对着我。B.He presented a pistol to me.他赠送我一支手枪。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日 on，关于、基础、靠、著论。

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和“一„„就”，on 后常接动名词。

年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前 on 代 in。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on，cab，carriage 则用 in。at 山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。工具、和、同随 with，具有、独立、就、原因。就„„来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。

海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by，单数、人类 know to man。

this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。over、under 正上下，above、below 则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。

beyond 超出、无、不能，against 靠着，对与反。besides，except 分内外，among 之内 along 沿。同类比较 except，加 for 异类记心间。

原状 because of, owing to，due to 表语形容词。

Under 后接修、建中，of，from 物、化分。Before，after 表一点, ago，later 表一段。before 能接完成时，ago 过去极有限。

since 以来 during 间，since 时态多变换。

与之相比 beside，除了 last but one。

复不定 for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向 towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。

ing 型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。

之后、关于、在„„方面，有关介词须记全。in 内 to 外表位置，山、水、国界 to 在前。

英语中的介词搭配比较复杂，是初学英语的难点。本文讲时态的使用制成口诀，可以帮助大家更快的掌握介词的使用方法。如大体掌握如上介词用法口诀，就不易出错。后面会有文章对口诀的使用做专门解释。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚;以下皆用 on。

例: on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日 on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日 on May the first 5月1日 on the first 1号

on the sixteenth 16号

on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日 on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚 on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)on New Year's Day 在元旦 on my birthday 在我的生日

但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期;in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪;in ancient times 在古代;in earlier times 在早期;in modern times 在现代，则用 in，at the present time 现在，at the present day 当今 则用 at。

on May Day 在“五·一”节 on winter day 在冬天

on December 12th 1950 1950年12月12日 on Sunday 在星期天 on Monday 在星期一

on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨 on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午 on Friday evening 星期五晚上

但 last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上;on time 准时，in time 及时，等则不同。

年月日，加早午晚，of 之前 on 代 in

例：on the morning of 18th 18日早晨 on the evening of 4th 4日晚上

On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech.他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。

收音、农场，值日 on

例：Did your supervisor like the story over(or on)the radio last night? 您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗? I heard the news over(or on)the radio.我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。talk over the radio 由无线电播音

on TV 从电视里„„

hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到

My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。The students are working on a school farm.学生们正在校办农场劳动。This is a farmer's house on a farm.这是农场的农舍。Who is on duty, today? 今天谁值日? We go on duty at 8 a.m.我们上午8点钟上班。

关于、基础、靠、著论

例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。

Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America.申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。

You are wrong on all these issues.在这些问题上你的看法都错了。

The belief is based on practical experience.这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。

Theory must be based on practice.理论必须以实践为基础。The people in the south live on rice.南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。

You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month． 靠月薪100 元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。

Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food． 她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people.他正是一个小偷，专靠损害别人过日子。

Keep the kettle on the boil(=boiling).让水壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run(=running).敌人在逃跑。

On 后接 the 加上一个作名词的动词．其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：

on the march 在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl 徘徊，on the move 活动中，on the scrounge 巧取豪夺(俚语)，on the go 活跃，忙碌，on the lookout 注意, 警戒，on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓住某人等等。

on the People's Democratic Dictatorship 《实践论》和《矛盾论》 on the People's Democratic Dictatorship 《论人民民主专政》 “on Coalition Government”《论联合政府》

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准

注：口诀中的“着”是指着火，“罢”指罢工，“偷”指偷偷地，“公”指出差、办公事；“假”指休假，“准”指准时。

例：The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。

The workers of the railway station were on strike.铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。

Do something on the sly(quiet).秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。I've come here on business.我是有公事来的。

They went to Bern on a mission.他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They have been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。I'll go home on leave next month.下月我将休假回家。

I went on business to Shanghai.I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的，不是不告而别。

She came to see you on purpose.她是专程来看你的。

He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。

“This lunch is on me.”“这顿午饭我付钱。” “No.let's go Dutch.”“不，还是各付各的。”

On the contrary, it was very easy to understand.相反，这事儿很容易理解。

P1ease come on time.(on schedule).请准时来。注：in time 是“及时”的意思。

The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。特定时间和“一„„就”，左右 on 后动名词

例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits.一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。

On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang.一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。I'll write to him on hearing from you.我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一„„就)以及 on the left, right 向左向右，on the stair 在台阶上等

第五篇：介词用法总结

介词“to”的用法总结

一：表示相对，针对

be strange(common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable)to Air is indispensable to life.Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.This injection will make you immune to infection 二：表示对比，比较

1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous A is similar to B in many ways.3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如: World is usually compared to a stage

Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than ,如: The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.Many people prefer spending money to earning money.They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative

Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.三:表示修饰关系

1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question，solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter 2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path the approach to a bridge引桥

the approach to science

Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.The access to education 接受教育的机会

The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利

4:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress advisor to the Prime Minister

5:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission

The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.Everyone has an equal right to ……..6:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇, ,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress 7:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.8:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:

The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business

9:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party，guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school

四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste

五:表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to

He’s liable to seasickness.You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.六:表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to He still holds on to his original views.七:表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to He’s confined to the house by illness.He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get(be)to,used to,be accustomed to Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.十:表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.十一:表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to I aim to be an excellent college teacher.His conceit lead to his failure.These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises 十二:表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to，All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.十三:表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to

In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.十四:表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to He is determined to devote all his life to his.十五:表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to The church dates back to the 13th century.十六:表示方位概念.如:close to,next to I don’t like wool next to my skin.十七:表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to, He usually appeals to arms t o settle the territory dispute.十八:表示有关注,关于:as to,with regard to

十九:表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to，We should attach primary importance to job training.二十:表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to their economic importance.二十一:表示应该或必须含义的句式,如: It’s time to get up.We are supposed to get here at seven.It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.二十二：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to

Investigate all the facts related to the problem.People often linked walth to happiness.二十三：表示反对和赞同。

1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to

These buildings are resistant to earthquake.They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.2:to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to，The employer consented to give him a salary raise.表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to,adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to

She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.Your action should conform to the interests of the people.They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.His words doesn’t fit to his actions.Suit your writing style to the masses.3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数

Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.常用词组

respond to（反应）,appeal to（吸引）,catch on to（理解）,listen to（收听）,used to（过去常常）,give birth to,attend to（照料）,see to（负责）,be entitl ed to（有权）,belong to（属于）,come to（苏醒）,stand up to（勇敢面对）,help oneself to（请自便）,refer to,to the point（切题），Train them to stand up to any severe test in hard.The ticket entitled you to a free meal in the luxury hotel.See to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim.You will catch on to the job shortly after wards.People usually refer to television for up-to-the-minute news