论文大纲-英语电影片名的翻译[五篇范文]

第一篇：论文大纲-英语电影片名的翻译

The Translation of English Film Titles Chapter One Introduction

Clarify the research background and meaning, theoretical frame and organization structure of this thesis.Chapter Two The analysis of English movie titles I.Types of film

II.General features of English film titles i.Language characteristic ii.Artistry

iii.culturality(文化性)ⅳ.Commercial III.The principles of English film titles translation i.Information value principle ii.Aesthetic principles iii.Goal orientation principle ⅳ.Cultural value principle Chapter Three The function and role of English film titles I.Correspond with the film and be easily understood II.Concise and easy to be remembered III.Attract audience and increase the box-office income Chapter Four The translation methods and skills of English film titles I.Translation methods of English film titles i.Literal translation ii.Free translation

II.Translation skills of English film titles

i.Combination of literal translation and free translation ii.Compiling method Chapter Five Conclusion

Summarize the whole passage, put forward some suggestions to the translation of film titles.Also points out the limitation of essay writing and bring up some suggestions in future research.第一章 绪论

阐明本文的研究背景、写作目的、理论框架和组织结构。第二章 英语电影片名的分析

对英语电影片名做了一个总体分析:介绍了电影的种类，分析了电影片名的基本特点和原则，为探讨其翻译方法奠定了基础。2.1电影的种类

根据电影的不同内容和性质,我们大致可将其分为爱情片、战争片、伦理片、科幻片、悬疑片等。

2.2英语电影片名的基本特点 2.2.1语言特色 2.2.2艺术性 2.2.3文化性 2.2.4 商业性

2.3 英语电影片名翻译的原则 2.3.1信息价值原则 2.3.2美学欣赏原则 2.3.3 目标取向原则 2.3.4文化价值原则

第三章

英语电影片名的功能及作用

本章具体探讨了电影片名所具有的三种基本功能，即1)切合原影片的内容、反映原影片的主题、突出原影片的风格;2)言简意赅、便于记忆;3)吸引观众、增加票房收入。

3.1切合影片，通俗易懂 3.2言简意赅，便于记忆 3.3吸引观众，增加票房收入

第四章

英语电影片名翻译的方法及技巧 4.1英语电影片名的翻译方法 4.1.1直译 4.1.2意译

4.2英语电影片名的技巧 4.2.1直译意译结合 4.2.2编译法 第五章

结论

结论部分，对全文进行了总结，对电影片名的翻译提出了一些建议，同时也指出了论文写作的局限性并对今后的研究提出了一些建议。

第二篇：论文：英语电影片名的翻译

中文文摘

电影是一种集艺术性和商业性于一体的艺术形式，是最具有影响力的媒体之一。越来越多的英语电影被引入中国，促进了中西方文化交流。电影片名作为电影的重要组成部份之一，具有传达信息，表现美感和吸引观众的功能。在过去的二三十年里，影视翻译取得了很大的发展，但作为翻译领域一个重要组成部份，电影片名的研究工作还做得远远不够。目前似乎还没有人提出一套比较完整可行的原则指导片名翻译。目前英语片名翻译的问题主要表现为译名不统一，呈现出“一名多译，良荞不齐”的状况。

本文以新兴的功能翻译理论作为研究基础，大力提倡以观众为取向的英语片名翻译方法。功能翻译理论不同于传统的翻译理论，它强调了翻译及目的文本在其文化中的功能。作为功能翻译理论的“目的论”认为，翻译是一种有目的行为，“目的”决定所有翻译行为。根据“目的论”，决定翻译目的的最重要因素之一就是译文的接受对象，他们作为译文预期的接受者有其各自特定的文化背景和不同的交际需求。此外，功能理论还赋予译者更高的地位和更多的自由，认为为了达到翻译的目的与功能，译者可以最大限度地利用原文的文本信息，并在实践中采用行之有效的不同翻译策略。这也符合了当今影视翻译鼓励 译者具有一定个性和创造性的趋势。

在以上理论研究的基础上，文章将功能理论应用于分析英语电影片名翻译的现象，对英语片名的翻译进行了深入系统而全面的描述与分析，探讨了功能翻译理论指导电影片名翻译的合理性与可行性，以及在该理论指导下英语电影片名翻译的一些策略。全文共分五早。

论文第一章首先介绍了英文电影片名的重要性，阐明了本文的写作目的、研究方法和组织结构。

第二章主要介绍了本研究的理论基础一功能翻译理论。本章首先介绍了功能翻译理论的发展;其次介绍了指导功能翻译理论的三大法则，即目的性法则，连贯性法则和忠诚性法则。指出功能翻译理论的评价标准是“合适”，而不是“对等”。该理论作为对传统翻译理论的一个重大突破和翻译理论研究的重要补充，为电影片名翻译的理论研究开辟了一个新视角。

第三章介绍了电影的分类，定义了电影片名，分析了电影片名的功能和特点。并指出片名翻译的最终目的和主要功能是激发观众的观看欲望。电影片名不仅是物质产品，同时又是精神产品。为了更好地实现片名翻译的最终目的，译者不仅要使得电影译名具有导看功能，即片名能给观众提供影片的基本信息，还要使观众获得美感并受到感召，最终采取行动。这也就是要求译者在译文中努力实现电影片名的三种基本功能，即信息功能，美感功能和祈使功能。

III

第四章是理论与实践相结合的一个章节，即将功能翻译理论结合到具体的片名翻译实践中。作者分析了英语电影片名翻译的主要方法和策略，即音译、直译、意译及改译，以及各种方法的优势和不足，指出了各种翻译方法密不可分，优势互补。本文引用了大量丰富的例子来探讨功能翻译策略在电影片名翻译中的运用，认为原英语片名只是信息提供者之一。除了原电影片名，电影本身也可能提供信息。因此，译名与原名是否对等并不十分重要，充分满足信息、美感、祈使三个功能的要求才是英语电影片名翻译的首要标准。

第五章总结全文，指出电影片名翻译的功能能否实现是英语电影片名汉译的基本原则。要实现电影片名翻译的功能，就要求译者要明确片名翻译的目的，了解电影的类型及主要内容，并基于此选择适当的翻译策略来实现电影片名翻译的功能。

IV

Synopsis

The film, a particular art with both artistic and commercial values, is one of the most influential mass media with large quantities of English films being introduced into China.The film title, as an important part of the film, is of referential, expressive and appellative functions and its translation is a challenging job.Although film translation has been developing quickly in the past two or three decades, film title translation is a far less explored field.Up till now, no systematic and feasible theory on English film title translation has been put forward.Actually, film title translation is very problematic in that it is in a state of disunity.From the aspects of the functions and skopos of film titles, the author makes an analysis of the translation of film titles.Skopos theory, a newly developed theory, is adopted as the theoretical background of this thesis and an audience-oriented film title translation approach is highly advocated.Functionalism sheds new lights on the translation field.It reflects a shift from traditional linguistic and formal translation theories to a more functionally and socio-culturally oriented concept of translation.As a kernel of functionalism, Skopos theory holds that translation is an intentional action, and the skopos is the prime principle to determine the overall translational action.According to Skopos theory, one of the most important factors determines the purpose of a translation is the target receivers with their culture-specific backgrounds, their expectations and communicative needs.Moreover, functionalism gives the translator much more freedom than ever.The translator is encouraged to make good use of the source information and enjoys the freedom of choosing what strategy to follow to achieve the expected functions of the translation.In this thesis, the author applies the functionalist approaches to explain the phenomena of film title translation.The thesis makes an intensive and comprehensive study of the translation of English film titles.It proves the rationality and applicability of the functionalist approach and probes into the translation strategies of translation of English film titles under the guideline of functionalism.The thesis is divided into five chapters.The first chapter serves as an introduction.It presents the significance of the study, and also describes the skopos, research methodology and the structure of thesis.V

Chapter Two elaborates the theoretical basis—the functionalist approach, on

which the present study is founded.This chapter first introduces the historical views of the functional translation theory.After this, the chapter illuminates the three rules for any translation under the framework of functionalism: the skopos rule, the coherence rule and the fidelity rule;and indicates that criterion for translation evaluation is “adequacy”.Therefore, the functionalist theory has given a new perspective to the study of the translation of film title.Chapter Three introduces the genre of films, defines the film title to be examined in this thesis and discusses the features and functions of film titles.It points out that the ultimate purpose of film title translation is to induce the audience to see the film.But unlike commercial advertisement, the film title is not only a commercial product, but a spiritual product as well.In order to achieve the purpose, the title not only has to provide necessary information about the film to the audience but to entertain the audience and attract them.Only when the audience have been entertained and attracted by the title will they be persuaded to go to the cinema.That is to say, a translator should try to achieve three basic functions in target translation, namely thereferential, expressive and appellative functions.Chapter Four discusses the combination of theory with practice.This chapter applies the functionalist approach explain to the English film title translation.It first uses the functionalist approaches to the phenomena of film title translation.And it elaborates the strategies mainly applied in English film title translation, namely transliteration, literal translation, liberal translation and adaption, and discusses the merits and limitations of each method.This thesis argues that all the translation strategies are indispensable and supplementary to each other.It holds that equivalence to the original is not very important but the translation's adequacy to the requirement of the three functions is just the first and foremost criterion for the fulfillment of the skopos of reproducing the referential, expressive and appellative functions of original film titles Chapter Five is the conclusion that summarizes the whole thesis.It reaffirms that the translator should translate the English film titles under the basic principle of fulfilling the specific functions of it by applying translation methods in a flexible way.VI

Table of Contents 中文摘要........................................................................................................................I

Abstract........................................................................................................................II

中文文摘.....................................................................................................................III

Synopsis........................................................................................................................V

Chapter One Introduction........................................................................................1 1.1 Research Background..............................................................................................1 1.2 Data and Methodology.............................................................................................2 1.3 The Structure of the Thesis.....................................................................................2

Chapter Two Literature Review..............................................................................4 2.1 The Emergence of Functional Approaches..............................................................4 2.2 Functionalist Translation Theory.............................................................................5 2.2.1 Development of Functionalist Translation Theory...............................................5 2.2.2 Basic Concepts of Skopos Theory........................................................................6 2.2.3 Adequacy, Standard of Evaluation.......................................................................6 2.2.4 Translation Brief..................................................................................................6 2.2.5 Merits of Skopos Theory......................................................................................7

Chapter Three A Profile of Film Title Translation................................................8 3.1 Genre of Film...........................................................................................................8 3.2 Definition of Film Titles..........................................................................................8 3.3 Sources of Film Titles..............................................................................................8 3.3.1 The Indication of the Subject...............................................................…….........9 3.3.2 The Indication of the Object/Clue........................................................…….........9 3.3.3 The Indication of the Background........................................................................9 3.3.4 The Indication of the Plot....................................................................................10 3.3.5 The Indication of the Theme........................................................................…...10 3.4 Features of Film Titles...........................................................................................10 3.5 Functions of Film Titles........................................................................................11

VII

3.6 Skopos of Film Title Translation...........................................................................11

Chapter Four Application of the Functionalist Approach to the English Film Title Translation.....................................................................................................13 4.1 Strategies Employed in the Translation of English Film Titles.............................13 4.2 Strategies Employed in the Translation of Film TItles..........................................13 4.3 Summary................................................................................................................13

Chapter Five Conclusion.......................................................................................15 5.1 Summary and Conclusion of the Research...........................................................15 5.2 Limitations and Suggestions of the Research........................................................15

References...................................................……........................................................17

VIII

Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Research background

The year 1895 witnessed the first film in world history in France.Having developed for over a century, the film has become one of the most popular ways of entertainment for people.Additionally, it is also a means of expression as well as a vehicle for cultural communication.The film has included so much of various historical periods that people believe that by watching films of various types from various times and various countries, they can learn many aspects of history.The film is, so to speak, an acting and talking encyclopedia of culture and society.With the increasing pace of China's opening to the outside world as well as the development of cultural communication between China and English-speaking countries, more and more English films have entered Chinese market.In order to enable the audience to understand and appreciate the film, the whole film should be translated.Thus, there is an urgent demand for the translation of films.And because the film, as a specific form of literature and audio-visual art, is bound to have promising prospects in our age, it is of great significance to study and develop film-translating too.Film translation is the translating of languages and cultures, and the promotion of cross-cultural exchanges.And the film title, like the title to a literary text, delivers the most important information about the film to the audience.Therefore, as an indispensable part of the film translation, the film title translation naturally becomes an important branch of the general translation study.Whether the film is appealing or not, the title is one and the first deciding factor, for it is often the first that comes into the potential viewer's attention.It is expected to be eye-catching, ear-pleasing and curiosity-stimulating.The film titles generally bear three principal functions: the referential function, the expressive function, and the appellative function.The referential function means that the translation informs the audience the background and the plots of the film.It tells the audience as much of the information of the film as it can within several words and help them have a basic understanding of the film.The expressive function means that the translation sets the feeling-tone reflected in each film genre, which is very important to its communicative effectiveness;The appellative function means

that the translation must be written in a language that is immediately comprehensible to the audience so as to attract their attention, and triggerthem to enter the cinema to appreciate the film.And the film title, being short in form but rich in meaning, has its own linguistic, aesthetic, cultural and commercial features, all of which contribute a lot to the charm and the success of the film.Nowadays, the film title translation has attracted the attentions of many scholars.Many thesises of this topic could be seen in various kinds of academic periodicals.However, the studies in this field are not adequate and comprehensive enough.In this thesis, the author will try to make some theoretical explanations by examples which are taken from original texts and published translations.1.2 Data and Methodology

The present research is a descriptive analysis of English film title translation.It mainly focuses on the feature films which carry a greater variety than documentary films and science and educational films.They are usually intended to attract wide and varied audience.Thus, various feature film titles are collected from various sources such as books, journals, DVDs and the Internet for this research.The research is carried out in the light of the functionalist approaches to discover the principles of film title translation, and to see how the translation strategies are adequate to the requirements of the three functions in serving the skopos of film title translation.1.3 The Structure of the thesis

The thesis consists of five chapters: l)introduction, 2)literature review, 3)a profile of filmtitle translation, 4)an analysis of the film title translation from the functional perspective, 5)conclusion.The first chapter introduces the background and methodology of this research.The second chapter is the literature review which introduces the Skopos theory, including its development, basic concepts, basic rules and its influence on translation.The third chapter makes a profile of film titles.It introduces the genre of films, defines the film titles, analyzes its features and functions, and points out that the

skopos of English film title translation is to win the heart of the audience and be rewarded by a great box-office hit.The fourth chapter is the practical part of my thesis, where English film title translations are collected, reviewed and analyzed, for the purpose of discussing how the Chinese translation in various strategies are feasible in serving the skopos of entertaining the audiences and promoting the box-office.The fifth chapter is the last part.It summarizes the research conducted in the thesis to draw a conclusion.Chapter two

Literature Review 2.1 The Emergence of functionalist approaches The functional approaches originated in Germany in 1970s.Before its emergence, those linguistic-oriented theories had a great influence on translation.Many definitions of translation emphasized the linguistic aspect.For example, Catford thought translation is “the replacement of textual material in a language(SL)by equivalent material in another language(TL)”(cf.Nord, 2001:7);and according to Nida and Taber, the process of translation is “reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message”(Eugene A.Nida & Charles R.Taber, 2004:12).Because the linguistic approaches basically saw translation as a procedure of trans-coding, “equivalence” seems to be basic and somewhat indispensable.Werner Koller even indicated that the translation must preserve the source-language content, form, style, function, or “at least must seek to preserve them as far as possible”(cf.Nord, 2001:7).It declared the target text which is not equivalent to the source text to be a failed translation.Though many theorists still emphasize the equivalence in translation, they have to recognize that there may be non-equivalence in translation caused by the culture differences.Just as Koller stated in his recent work, “adaptation may be appropriate, or even inevitable, in order to make the translation reach its audience.(cf.Nord, 2001:7)And as for some pragmatic texts, such as advertisements and products instructions, ”equivalence“ can't be well applied for them.Thus, some translation scholars shift their focus from equivalence-based approaches to functionalist approaches, and ”a new theory was called for“.(Nord, 2001:8)

”The emergence of a functionalist translation theory marks an important moment in the evolution of translation theory by breaking the two-thousand-year old chain of theory revolving around the faithful vs.freeaxis.”

(Gentzler, 2004: 71)

Functionalism is a broad term for various theories that approach translation in this way.The major contribution to functionalism is the functionalist translation theory with the Skopos theory to its core.2.2 Functionalist Translation Theory 2.2.1 Development of functionalist translation theory The development of the functionalist translation theory experienced four stages, with Katharina Reiss, Hans J.Vermeer, Holz-Manttari and Christiane Nord as the main representatives.2.2.2 Basic Concepts of Skopos theory

“Skopos is the Greek word for „aim‟ or „purpose' and was introduced into translation theory in the 1970 by Hans J.Vermeer as a technical term for the purpose of a translation and of the action of translating.”

(Munday, 2001:78-79)

Nord indicates that the main idea of Skopos theory is that translation should be purpose-oriented.Vermeer has divided the purpose of translation into three possible kinds, including “the general purpose aimed at by the translator in the translation process”(cf.Nord, 2001;27), “the communicative purpose aimed at by the target text situation”(ibid: 27), and “purpose aimed at by a particular translation strategy or procedure”(ibid:28).And the term Skopos usually refers to the purpose of the target text.Except the term Skopos, Vermeer also uses some related words aim, purpose, intention and function in his theory:

1.„Aim’is defined as the final results an agent intends to achieve勿means of an action.2.„Purpose' is defined as a provisional stage in the process of attaining an aim.3.„Function' refers to what a text means or is intended to mean from the receiver's point of view, whereas the aim is the purpose for which it is needed or supposed to be need.4.„Intention' is conceived as aim-oriented plan of action.(cf.Nord,2001: 28)

He considers teleological concepts of these words to be equivalent, subsuming them under the generic concept of Skopos.However, Christiane proposed a basic distinction between intention and function, which is particularly useful in translation.Because the sender and the receiver usually belong to different cultural and situational settings, “intention and function may have to be analyzed from two different angles”.(Nord, 2001:29)2.2.3 Adequacy, Standard of Evaluation

Instead of equivalence, “adequacy” is highly emphasized within the framework of skopos theory.According to Skopos theory, the intended purposes of the target text determine the translation strategies, and criterion for translation evaluation is “adequacy”, which refers to “the qualities of a target text with regard to the translation brief'(Nord, 2001:35), which will be discussed later in this chapter.The translation should be ”adequate to“the requirements of the brief'.(Nord, 2001:35).“'Adequate' is a dynamic concept related to the process of translational action and referring to the “goal-oriented” selection of signs that are considered appropriate for the communicative purpose defined in the translation assignment.”

(cf.Nord, 2001:35)

The skopos of the translation determines the form of equivalence required for an adequate translation.Therefore, equivalence means adequacy to a skopos that requires that the target text serves the same communicative function or functions as the source text,山us preserving invariance of function between source and target text.That is, the concept of equivalence is reduced to “functional equivalence” on the text level of what Reiss refers to as “communicative translation”.(cf.Nord, 2001:36)2.2.4 Translation Brief

The translation brief indicates the text type, format or terminology of a translation.In the professional practice of translation, translators seldom start a translating activity out of their own reasons.Translation is usually done by assignment;that is, a client needs a text for a particular purpose and calls upon the translator for a translation.In the process of translational action, the initiator decides the communicative purpose.However, on real occasions, clients do not give the translators an explicit translation brief,they often do not know that a good brief spells a better translation.Based on the source text in the source settings, an experienced translator is able to infer the brief himself and make some variations upon the target text, in order to make

it meaningful to target culture receivers.In addition, the translation brief does not tell the translator how to go about their translation job, what translation strategy to use, or what translation type to choose.These decisions depend entirely on the translator's responsibility and competence.(Nord, 2001:30)

In terms of Skopos theory, the variability of the brief depends on the circumstances of the target culture, not on the source culture.Since translation has been defined as a translational action involving a source text, the source is usually a part of the brief.In terms of action theory, agents(sender, receiver, initiator, translator)play the most important parts.2.2.5 Merits of Skopos theory

Compared with traditional translation theory prevailing before 1970s, Skopos theory has so many distinctive characteristics that it becomes a trigger of revolution in translation studies.“The two most important shifts in theoretical developments in translation theory overthe past two decades have been(1)the shift from source-text oriented theories to target-text oriented theories and(2)the shift to include cultural factors as well as linguistic elements in the translation training models.Those advocating functionalist approaches have been pioneers in both areas.”

(Gentzler, 2004:70)

And the theory is also considered by Nord exactly as the translation model that is needed.Nord summarizes the advantages of it as ”pragmatic, culture-oriented and consistent“.(cf.Quan Xunlian, 2006)

Chapter Three

A Profile of English Film Title

The film title, like the title to a literary text, delivers the most important information about the film to the audience.A good film title can grip the attention of the audience and contribute a lot in box-office.Film title translation is an important job which is full of creation.It seems to be a simple and easy task, but actually it is complicated.It has its own features and unique functions all of which deserve the attention of translation scholars.A brief survey of English film titles will be conducted in this chapter before coming to the application stage.3.1 Genre of film In film theory, ”genre“ refers to the primary method of film categorization based on similarities in the narrative elements from which films are constructed.Just like literary genres, there are many types of films, but the most significant categories are feature films, documentary films, educational films, experimental and animated films as suggested in The Complete Film Dictionary.(cf.Xu Lin, 2005)

3.2 Definition of film titles

The title, according to The Complete Film Dictionary, means any words that appear on the screen not as part of the scene but as a means of conveying information to the audience.”Credit titles“ appear at the start and conclusion of a film to cite the various personnel responsible for the motion picture;”the main title“ gives the name of the film;”subtitle“ are placed at the bottom of the scene to translate foreign languages;”the end title“ tells the audience that the film is concluded and ”end titles“ give us the credits.(cf.Xu Lin, 2005)The thesis will discuss the ”main title“ which gives the name of the film.3.3 Sources of film titles The film title usually summarizes the main idea of the film and exposes the theme.If a translator wants to grasp the full meaning of the original title, and translate the film titles properly, he should first identify the sources of film titles.That means, he should know on what bases the films are named.The sources can be roughly

categorized into five types: 1)subject;2)objecbclue;3)background;4)plot;5)theme.(He Ying, 2001)3.3.1 The Indication of the Subject

The subject here refers to the protagonist-hero or heroine of the film.More often than not, the screenwriters either adopt the names of the main characters as the film titles, or entitle the film with the characteristics of the protagonist.Following are some examples of this type of source:

Romeo and Juliet Batman Alexander The Fantastic Four

3.3.2 The Indication of the

The clue or the most important object appearing in the film serving to be the thread that connects the whole plot is often adopted as the title.Following are some examples of this type of source:

Schindler's List 7axi Golden Eye A Clockwork Orange

3.3.3 The Indication of the Background

The background, which plays a very important part in the developing the plot, conveying the theme and portraying the characters, also serves as one of the chief sources for naming a film.This type of source originates from the place or time that is crucial for the development of the plot and the portrait of the protagonists, providing the audience with some basic background information of the film.Following are some examples of this type of source:Troy The Longest Day Mr.Bean's Holiday Air Force One

《特洛伊》 《最长的一天》 《憨豆先生的假期》 《空军一号》

《辛德勒名单》 《的士速递》 《黄金眼》 《发条橙》

《罗密欧与茱丽叶》

《蝙蝠侠》

《亚历山大帝》

《神奇四侠》

3.3.4 The Indication of the Plot

It's the most common type of source of film titles.The title always provides a glimpse of the film plot, or summarizes the content of the film.Following are some examples of this type of source:

Around the World in 80 days Kill Bill Star War Saving Private Ryan

3.3.5 The Indication of the Theme

Some of the films are entitled with the theme that the film intended to convey.Such titles are comparatively abstract, but contain much more symbolized meanings than the other types.They are very thought-provoking, profound and far-reaching in mood.Following are some examples of this type of source:

Pride and Prejudice Brave Heart Top Gun The Sound of the Music

《傲慢与偏见》 《勇敢的心》 《壮志凌云》 《音乐之声》

《环游世界80天》 《杀死比尔》 《星球大战》 《拯救大兵莱恩》

3.4 Features of film titles

Film titles are commonly short and brief to be eye-catching for people.And because the intended addressee of film titles is the general public, the language should be popular and comprehensive.Many rhetoric devices, such as simile, metaphor and oxymoron are employed in the film title to make them vivid and attractive, therefore, they can grab the audience's attention, arouse their curiosity and trigger their action.The overall features of the English film titles will be approached from linguistic, aesthetic, cultural and commercial aspects as follows.In general, English film titles are simple, concise and compact.A lot of film titles employ only one word, which are usually to be nouns.They may be the main character, the place or the time when the story takes place.For example, Speed, Mummy, Titanic and so on.Although there are some long film titles, such as When a Man Loves a Woman and It happened One Night, they are just a small number.Additionally, phrases enjoy the great popularity in the film titles.Most of them are noun phrases, verb phrases and prepositional phrases.3.5 Functions of film titles

”Function“ is a topic largely discussed by the translation scholars.Vermeer defines ction as ”what a text means or is intended to mean from the receiver's point of view".(Nord, 1:28).Each text is produced for a certain function and work this function.The station of a text should also be intended to function for the target receivers.Functionalism draws on Karl Biihler's organon(1934)about the text function.Biihler proposed that there were three basic text functions: referential, expressive and appellative functions.And because the film is a material product as well as a spiritual product, this dual decides that film titles have both functions of artistic appreciation and commercial advertisement, therefore the titles should bear the aesthetic function as well.3.6 Skopos of film title translation

The film is more than just an entertaining system.It is also a means of expression as well as a vehicle for cultural communication.According to Vermeer's Skopos theory, the possible purposes in the translational action can be divided into three kinds: the general purpose aimed at by the translator, the communicative purpose aimed at by the target text, and the purpose aimed at by a particular translation strategy or procedure.(cf.Nord,2001:27-28)Applying this classification in film title translation, we can see that the general purpose of a translator of film title translation is to earn living;the communicative purpose of film title translation is to induce the audience to go the cinema;and the purpose of using particular strategies in film title translation is to preserve or recreate the referential function, expressive function and appellative function to please the audience, regardless of whether the immediately feeling is amusement(comedy), fear(horror)or anything else.Among the three purposes, the communicative purpose is the most important one.A successful film title should be the one that can attract people to the cinema and contribute a lot to the box office.That is to say, the skopos of film title translation is to add the viewer with a translated film title, which can contribute to a good

understanding of the contents of the film, provide information of the background and the plots of the film, set the feeling-tone of the film, increase the title's artistic appeal, win the heart of the audience and promote the box-office.Generally speaking, to make a hit on box-office is the ultimate goal of film title translation..In order to fulfill this purpose, the translator's task is to apply suitable strategies of translation, to provide the clear and concise film titles and induce the audience to watch the film.Chapter Four

Application of the Functionalist Approach to the English

Film Title Translation

4.1 Strategies Employed in the Translation of Film Titles

There is no single translation strategy that can solve all the problems in film title translation.According to the three functions of film title, which we have discussed in chapter three, four main types of strategies can be applied in film title translation.They are transliteration, literal translation, liberal translation and adaption.The following part discusses the four strategies applied in film title translation with rich examples to see how they are adequate to the translation brief, that is the requirements of the referential function, the expressive function, and the appellative as an integrated whole in fulfilling the purpose of entertaining the Chinese audience and promoting the box-office.4.2 Strategies Employed in the translation of Film Titles

There is no single translation strategy that can solve all the problems in film title translation.According to the three functions of film title, which we have discussed in chapter three, four main types of strategies can be applied in film title translation.They are transliteration, literal translation, liberal translation and adaption.The following part discusses the four strategies applied in film title translation with rich examples to see how they are adequate to the translation brief, that is the requirements of the referential function, the expressive function, and the appellative as an integrated whole in fulfilling the purpose of entertaining the Chinese audience and promoting the box-office.4.3 Summary

From the analysis above, we can draw a conclusion that the translation of English film titles doesn't simply mean copying the content and the form of the original title.It a re-creative process based on the functional theories.There isn't a sole method for the film title translation.All methods has its limitations.When one

method does not work owing to linguistic, customary, cultural or other factors, naturally the translator must at once turn to the other means for help.He should have a better understanding of the type and the content of the original film, then he can choose a method which is adequate to the translation brief and well reproduces the referential, expressive and appellative functions of the film title.Chapter Five

Conclusion

5.1 Summary and Conclusion of the Research

In this thesis, we have conducted a study into the application of the functionalist approaches to the translation of English film titles.The film is one of the most influential mass media products.As China' film market's potential becomes larger and larger, more and more English films have entered Chinese market and held a very important position in Chinese people's recreational life.So the translation of film products has become an important part of international economic and cultural exchanges.The study of the translation of film titles is not only necessary but also urgent.That is the reason why the author attempts to make an analysis of the basic strategies applicable to the translation of English film titles from a functionalist perspective.The author elaborates on the functionalist approach that emerged in the 1970s in Germany.The functionalist approach made a breakthrough in the field of translation, which had been dominated by the equivalence theory for a long time.The functionalist approach is a shift from the source-text orientation to target-text orientation.It attaches greatest importance to the skopos, and points out that the prime principle determining the translation action is the skopos(purpose)of the target text.In this sense, the functionalist approach is the most suitable and practicable theory to guide the film title translation.For the Chinese audience, they watch the film for the purpose of entertainment.And as an essential part of the films, the film titles naturally should not only serve the skopos of entertainment, but also the skopos of inducing the audience to see the film.The referential function, the expressive function and the appellative function are defined as the translation brief in achieving this skopos.Various kinds of strategies are employed such as transliteration, literal translation, liberal translation and adaption to fulfill this skopos.All the translation strategies adopted by the translator serve to realize the ultimate purpose of film title translation by highlighting one or two or three of these three functions.Simultaneously meeting the requirements of the three functions achieves the skopos well while meeting the requirements of one or two functions may affect the degree of entertainment.For example, the audience may not feel the specific atmosphere of the film easily due to the translation's failure to meet the requirement of the expressive

function.Therefore, to produce a successful film title under the guidance of the Skopos theory, the translator should first make clear of the skopos of the film title translation, then, he is supposed to fully understand the differences between Chinese film titles and English film titles in culture-specificity, in referential and expressive functions.Finally it is important for the translator to choose appropriate strategy that can best serve the particular function and finally realize the skopos of the translation.The thesis cites rich examples to examine the specific strategies the translator has chosen when translating different kinds of English film titles.The purpose of this study is to analyze whether and how the translators translate in a way that enables the translation to reproduce the referential, expressive and appellative function of the original title.5.2 Limitations and Suggestions of the Research

The present research is a tentative study of English film title translation.However, it is only target receiver-oriented and cannot cover all the aspects of the translation of English film titles due to the limited time and sources.Therefore, there is still much to be investigated in great depth in the translation of English film titles from other aspects.References Christiane Nord.2001.Translating as a Purposeful Activity-Functionalist Approaches Explained, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Edwin Gentlzer.2004.Contemporary Translation Theories(Revised Second Edition)Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Eugene A.Nida & Charles R.Taber.2004.The Theory and Practice of Translation, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Eugene A.Nida.2001.Language, Culture and Translation, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language EducationPress Gideon Toury.2001.Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Gutt, Ernest-August.2001.Translation and Relevance, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Katharina Reiss.2004.Translation Criticism-The Potentials & Limitations, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Mark Shuttleworth & Moira, Cowie.2004.Dictionary of Translation Studies, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Mary Snell-Hornby.2001.Translation Studies-An Integrated Approach, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Mona Baker.2004.Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign LanguageEducation Press Munday Jeremy.2001.Introducing Translation Studies-Theory and Applications, London: Routledge Peter Newmark.2001.A Textbook of Translation, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Peter Newmark.1988.Approaches to Translation.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Peter Newmark.2006.About Translation Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.Quan Xunlian, 2006, A Functionalist Approach to the Translation of Film Titles, Unpublished MA.dissertation, Anhui University

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第三篇：浅析最新电影片名翻译

浅析最新电影片名翻译

摘要：近年来，有关电影片名翻译的文章大量涌现。表明中国的片名翻译正逐步成为翻译研究的热点。片名是电影内容的眼睛与灵魂，它直接起到“导视”的作用。优秀的影视片名，应顺应观众民族文化心理，突出电影主题；顺应不同语言习惯，发挥语言优势；，惯应电影商业特点，传递广告信息，达到招徕人群，激发观众观看欲望的目的。随着电影产业的逐步扩大，出现了大量的新词翻译，本文将从最新的资讯出发浅析商业背景下电影的翻译策略。

引言：电影是一门艺术．它通过多种信息传播媒体作用于人的感官进而产生某种效果．而电影片名是一部电影的浓缩和灵魂所在，妙趣横生、生动活泼、独特新奇的电影片名．是激发观众的欣赏欲望．决定一部好的影片能否成功的打开国内外市场．创造新的票房记录的关键。但一个成功的译名不同于其它体裁的翻译．需要有一定的翻译方法来进行指导，有鉴于此．笔者根据电影片名的特点在分析具体译例的基础上对最新的英文以及中文电影片名常用的翻译方法进行了进一步探讨。

一． 电影片名的翻译特点 1.归化和异化

作为对传统翻译理论的一个重大突破，德国功能派的翻译理论为翻译理论的研究开辟了一个新视角。该理论以目的论(Skopos theory)为中心，强调如何翻译都有其目的性，即目的决定方法。翻译方法和策略是由译文的预期目的来决定的。目的论中的“目的性原则”为其基本原则，而其“连贯法则”和“忠实法则”必须服从于目的法则。这些观点为一些不符合传统翻译标准的翻译方法提供了有力的理论支撑，尤其适用于影片名这种有明确目的性的文体的翻译。影片名是影片内容的浓缩和精髓，简短、生动的语言承载了丰富的文化内涵。影片名的翻译不仅是语言的翻译，而且还包含着文化上的转换。由于中西方语言和文化存在着巨大的差异，在翻译过程中，译者首先要考虑英语国家的语言模式和文化特色，英语国家观众的文化习惯和审美意识，以加深对片名文化内涵的理解。更为重要的是，译者还必须考虑本国观众的接受能力，要适当融入本国文化，然后通过适当的方式将片名译为形神兼备，雅俗共赏的文字，以达到吸引观众、传播文化的目的。以此目的为指导，笔者认为影片名的翻译方法可以分为两种：归化和异化。例如，在2009年风靡中国影视市场的电视剧《蜗居》，以其贴近社会现实的特点深深吸引着万千影迷。由此，网络上也出现了很多关于蜗居片名的翻译，a nutshell of a house，my humble residence, 以及还有，sex, house, and city.而电视剧蜗居事实上是讲述的在房价飙升的现实社会中，人们都成为了房奴，生活的现实有时候让人们偏离了原本的轨道，迷失了自己。基于这样的主题，笔者认为蜗居是一部中国电视剧，那么英文的翻译面向的就是外国观众，因此上述前两种翻译没有很形象生动的表现出蜗居的主题，当外国观众看到a nutshell of a house，以及my humble residence的时候可能会感到迷惑，把这部电视剧理解为是讲述蜗牛的房子或者是一个人的陋室，这就大大的降低了这部电视剧的深度。而最后一种翻译sex, house, and city，会让人第一时间想到宁外一部经典的外国电影Sex and The City（欲望都市），观众就会明白这是一部关于都市生活的电视剧，实质上其主题上与欲望都市也有着异曲同工之妙。

蜗居的翻译可以称得上是一种归化翻译。归化（domestication）是指在翻译中采用透明，流畅的风格，最大限度淡化原文的陌生感的翻译策略（Shuttleworth&Cbwie, 1997;43-44）。它应尽可能的源语文本所反映的世界接近目的语文化读者的世界，从而达到源语文化与目的语文化的“文化对等”。而归化也区别于意译，意译主要是局限于语言层面的价值取向，归化则是立足于文化大语境下的价值取向。电影的片名翻译是以宣传目的来达到其商业目的，有时候归化翻译能很好的达到一定的商业效果，例如，Leon, 就有两个版本的翻译，一个是杀手里昂，宁一个是这个杀手不太冷，凡事看了这部电影的人都记住了第二个名字，虽然第一个译名也没有错，因为电影本身也是讲的杀手里昂的故事，但是第二个译名利用矛盾修辞法，让我们读到的这不仅仅是一部枪战片，也是一部表现温情的电影，事实证明，里昂高大而善良的形象永远留在了观众的心里。这个杀手不太冷的片名的翻译，让大多偶然进入电影院的人选择了这部电影，这就是归化的力量。当然，也有归化造成了相反的效果的，例如，gone with the wind的片名翻译，笔者认为电影翻译为乱世佳人是有不妥，这部经典的文学作品，意在表达战争让人脱变的过程，如果仅仅翻译为乱世佳人，让人更加关注的是乱世和佳人，没有变化这一说，文学题目翻译为飘，是比较经典的，让人有着无尽的联想与回味。

电影片名翻译中也多用到异化的方法。异化（foreignization）是指偏离本土主流价值观，保留原文的语言和文化差异（Venti,2001）；或指在一定程度上保留原文的异域性，故意打破目标语言常规的翻译（Shuttleworth&Cbwie, 1997）。它主张在译文中保留源语文化，丰富目的语文化和目的语的语言表达形式。例如，英文电影“The Seven YearItch”是好莱坞影星玛丽莲．梦露出演的一部影片。影片讲述了一个这样的故事：男主人公结婚刚7年，在妻子度假期间，被新搬来的一位漂亮的女房客吸引，整日想入非非，但最后幡然悔悟，重新回到妻子身边。该片名在翻译时保留了原语的语言形式，直接译为<七年之痒>。实际上“七年之痒”是外来词，传说古代罗马人认为人的健康状况七年要改变一次，婚姻在第七年时也会出现危机。随着该片在国内的放映，这个词在国内也被广泛使用，用来形容婚姻生活中出现的危机。并随着时间的推移，其意义得到了延伸，泛指许多事情到第七年便可能出现危机。由此可见，这种异化不仅已得到中国观众的认同，而且已成为汉语语言文化中的一员。同样，异化也是有别于直译的，直译是注重完全的对等，例如Pirates of the Caribbean, Kung Fu Panda, 这些片名都属于完全的直译，而异化是在直译的基础予以染色加工，使之更具有美感和吸引力，却又具有异国情调。

随着中西方电影市场的不断融合，单一的归化或者异化在不断的退化，为了适应国际化的需求，如今大多数的片名翻译都采用归化和异化的融合法，例如，《魂断蓝桥》可谓是我国翻译史上有口皆碑的佳译电影译名。原作题名是“WaterlBridge”，直译是《滑铁卢桥》。可中国观众提到“滑铁卢”，必然会联想到拿破仑，因为那里是他被威灵顿打败的地方。它位于比时的布鲁塞尔附近，而片名中的滑铁卢桥却在伦敦。况且前者使人联想到炮火连天，烟雾弥漫，而后者却是一首幽怨动人的爱情歌。根据内容，译者顺应了国人尽知的蓝桥的民间故事，加上“魂断”二字，既保存了题名的基本的形式，又非常贴切地表达出名的悲剧内涵。2.音译 音译是使用一种语言读写出另一种语言的词或词组发音的翻译方法。在片名翻译中．这种方法使用较少．但又不可或缺。对于片名中涉及到人名、地名，如果为观众所熟知，或具有重要的历史文化意义，则应当音译。反之则可予以归化，采取意译、另译的方法加以处理。音译保留了原片名的韵律节奏，以其浓郁的异域特色吸引广大观众。如：《泰坦尼克号》(Titanic)、《卡萨布兰卡》(Casablanca)、《宾赫传》(&n Hut)、《居里夫人》(Madam Currie)、ZhouEnlai(《周恩来》)、Genghis Khan(《成吉思汗》)等。音译也可看做是直译的一种，但是更加朗朗上口，为人所记忆。比如轰动全球的Harry Potter就是一种音译，由于电影的成功让片名变得很具商业效力。3.混译

混译，又叫兼译，是指将音译、直译和意译等翻译方法融合成一体，兼顾使用。如果原片名具有浓厚的民族色彩。或者包含了一些陌生的专有名词，如人名、地名等。采用音译、直译就可能不为观众理解。这种情况下就应该采用混译，对原片名作部分保留，或作适当的增补和修改。眼下比较火的美国情景剧The Big Bang, 译为生活大爆炸，源语里面没有涉及生活二字的意思，但是译文里面译出了，观众可从片名里面读出生活情景的味道，加上爆炸的意思，可以想象出一定是一部不可多得的喜剧。

4、直译意译结合

有时会出现直译、意译都难以恰如其分地体现原片内容，激发观众审美愉悦的情况。有些翻译后，晦涩难懂，不伦不类；另一些则平淡无奇，了无意趣。此时就需要抛开原片名的形式和内容，以原片内容为基础，另起炉灶，把译语观众眼中平淡无奇的源语片名，用人们喜闻乐见的语言形式生动形象地再现出来．比如，Ghost{{人鬼情未了》，初看Ghost有种恐惧感．想有个“鬼”题目的电影，一定是恐怖片，但电影是围绕感情铺张的，毫无恐惧感。描述了一段动人的人和鬼之间荡气嘲肠的爱情故事。让不知道情节的观众有去看的欲望，达到了理想的效果。

5．音译意译结合

由于东西方语言和文化的差异，采用人名、地名、事物名称作为片名的电影，除了可以根据观众是否熟知为原则分别采取音译或意译外，还可先音译再结合影片内容适当增词，以充分表现原片内容，或更符合译语习惯。如动画片Shrek，译成《怪物史莱克》肯定比((史莱克》要好得多。因为单纯从字面上判断不知道史莱克是什么东西，而“怪物”一方面，显得生动有趣，突出了动画片的风格；另一方面，能勾起观众的好奇心。由此可见，尽管直译法和音译法在影片名的翻译中占有主导地位，但电影翻译不同于—般的书名翻译，它其实足一种广告翻译，也就是一种因为实际需要而故意灌进原来没有的意义的一种传达方法。所以不盛严格追求“信、达，雅”的标准，只需要择其善者而从之就可以了，其重点在于在翻译允许的范畴内最大程度的吸引观众。

二、恰当的影片名的特点

以上我们探讨了一些电影片名翻译的方法，究竟什么样的片名翻译才是好的翻译，我们下面就作者的见解以及电影的大众评价作一些探讨。

l、切合原影片的内容，反映原影片的主题，突出原影片的风格。一部好的电影作品应该是主题鲜明的，或讲述警匪之战，或描写爱情、或反映社会伦理、或展开科学幻想等等。不同主题的影片风格各不相同。警匪片一般惊险刺激，给人以悬念，如《生死时速》(speed)；爱情片或浪漫缠绵，或哀婉动人，往往给人以回昧，如《钢琴别恋))ffhePiano)；社会伦理片主题严肃，予人以警示或启迪，如(雨人))(Rain Man)；而科幻片常常集荒诞、幻想和恐怖于一体，描写现实社会中不存在的幻想世界，如《外星人》(E．T．1，这些名应能很好地反映原影片的内容。又如美国喜剧片Mrs Doubffire，讲的是一位离婚的男子Daniel Hiltard为了能天天见到孩子们，装扮成一位肥胖的老太太去前妻家帮佣的故事。影片中喜剧场面不断出现，令人捧腹。《肥妈先生》这个译名利用“妈”与“先生，这对矛盾的称呼语，很好地突出了影片的喜剧风格。相反，如果译为《道特菲尔太太》或《疑火太太》，则喜剧味就荡然无存了。

2、言简意赅，便于记忆。电影是雅俗共赏的艺术，同时又是一种大众娱乐形式。从某种意义上讲它是一种商品应该广为流传。为了便于传播，电影片名当言简意赅，便于记忆。简单地说，就是要意义概括，用词少。应该说很多影片的译名是符合这一要求的。不难看出，这些译名都仅用寥寥数字将原影片的内容及内涵译出无遗，实属言简意赅。而且，他们大都只有四个字，就像汉语成语，念起来富有节奏感，易于上口，便于记忆和传播。有些影片译名未能达到这一要求，在实用性上大打了折扣。有一部电影名字为《奇普里安·波隆贝斯库》，这个片名使人非常反感，因为记不住，讲起来也很吃力。如果原名比较简洁，译名做到简洁也许并不太难，难的是原名很长，十分拗口，这时译者的功力就非常重要了。有一部美国影片，片名长得惊人，口q Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex But Afraid toAsk。如果直译过来，译名一定冗长拖沓，难以记忆，此片在台湾公映时译为性爱宝典，既含蓄典雅，又简洁易记，不失为佳译。再看一例，1995年美国拍了一部反映同性恋题材的电影，叫ne Incredibly True Adven—tures ofTwo Girls in Love，翻译为《双妹奇恋》，可以说做到了高度概括，简洁明了。

3、符合汉语的语言规范，且适合我国观众的欣赏习惯。电影片名是电影制作者精心设计的。应该说，有些影片名并不需要译者另行设计，只需将原片名按等值原则用对应的中文直译即可。当然，这样做的前提是不造成我国观众的理解困难，且必须符合汉语的语言规范。例如，有一部美国校园生活片，片名叫Mr．Holland’S Opus。影片讲述了一位平凡的音乐教师贺兰先生的故事。贺兰先生在教学岗位上兢兢业业地干了30年，他不富有，也不出名，但他的成就超过了名和利，他所在学校的每个学生都受过他的影响，他就是交响乐团的指挥，每一个学生都是他的音符，每一个学生都是他的作品(叩us)。片名直译应该是《贺兰先生的作品》，现在译为《春风化雨》，译名比原名有更深刻的主题意义，展示了影片看似平凡实际上不平凡的故事，这个译名的妙处还在于它寓意深刻，得影片之神髓，让观众产生美好的联想。“春风化雨”常用于比喻良好的教育，看到这个译名，中国观众很容易联想起古典诗词名句“润物细无声”，还会联想“园丁”，从而对影片中的老师肃然起敬。美妙的译名也像一件艺术精品，给人以美的艺术享受。

三、电影翻译对译者的要求

从翻译的角度来讲，片名翻译的好坏是译者功力和素养的见证。与任何翻译一样，片名翻译也有理解和表达的问题。译者首先应对影片内容、背景有深刻了解。这样才能准确地理解原名，然后确切地用译语表达出原名的含义，使译出来的片名与影片内容相吻合，这是片名翻译最起码的要求。要出佳译，对译者必须有更高的要求。笔者认为。一个优秀的电影翻译工作者应该具备以下素养。l、较强的电影审美鉴赏能力。译者在译片名之前必须先看电影(当然也可以看剧本)来了解影片内容，但译者不是普通的观众，从某种意义上来说，他是在为普通观众看电影，因为他翻译的产品是为普通观众服务的。译者是一个特殊的观众，其特殊之处在于他不只是“看”，而是要通过“看”来感知、理解，调动情感，触发联想，进入一种再创作的境界，即“审美鉴赏”。电影的审美鉴赏包括对电影文化特征(如电影的民族性、时代性和社会性)的审美鉴赏和对电影艺术特征(如电影艺术构成手段和电影艺术风格)的审美鉴赏，以求进一步从看到的东西中解读更丰富的内涵。去破译更深刻的艺术价值和社会价值。简单地说，鉴赏电影的目的是要获得对影片深层意义和真正意义的理解。这种理解对于译者来说是十分重要的，因为它是准确表达的前提。但是仅仅理解了还不能保证一定能准确地表达，要做到准确地表达，译者还须有良好的文学功底。·

2、良好的文学功底。影视翻译为文学翻译之一部分⋯⋯要求译者对中文及外文均须有一定的根底，需要有文学家的灵感和艺术家的匠心，只有这样的译者才能够恰如其分地把握原名的神韵并准确地加以再现，甚至超越原名的艺术水准，更好地体现影片的主题意义，生产出如《春风化雨》、《魂断蓝桥》这样的佳译。

3、正确的翻译心态。译者应本着对电影艺术和观众负责的态度去工作，既不能草率地翻译，更不能为了追求物质利益而乱译，胡译。翻译中译者尤其要把握好一个“度”的问题，既不哗众取宠，也不低级媚俗。比如文艺片的片名一般认为应译得文雅一些，娱乐片宜译得通俗一些，但是文雅不等于故作高雅，通俗也并不等于媚俗，译者不能一味地为迎合某种“品位”或追求某种利益而使译名过“度”。

四．结束语

随着电影产业的不断扩大，大众对电影的质量要求不断提高，电影产业是一个商业化的产业，需要根据大众的需求进行不断的自我提升，笔者这里研究的片名翻译是一部电影的外包装，外包装的精美直接影响着其销量的好坏，虽然外装内部的产品质量才是重头戏，但是在这个高速运转的社会，人们讲求的是效率，好的片名就是高效率的基础，所以笔者建议片名的翻译应该契合观众的口味，基于如此，我们就不能单单注重翻译理论，理论应该随着实际不断的变化。多种理论结合实际无疑不是未来片名翻译的趋势，同时，译者的理解以及翻译背景知识必须足够的丰富，以使片名翻译的准确性和吸引性。笔者建议译者应该以尊重影片的内容为基础，不断创造新的词汇来应对更复杂的片名翻译。

参考文献

黄泽萍，华南师范大学 南海校区，《 内地与港台三地影视翻译比较 》

刘艳君，河南农业大学外国语学院，《英语电影片名昀翻译及其对译者硇要求》 李彬，徐州工程学院外国语学院，《目的论指导下电影片名的翻译》

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Analysis of the Female Characters in Oliver Twist

浅析英语谚语中的性别歧视现象及其成因

论英语习语的语言和文化功用 存在主义与海明威的“硬汉形象” 方位介词“over”的隐喻含义研究

哥特式风格特征在《远大前程》中的诠释 初中英语词汇教学的有效方法

简单的深邃—论佛洛斯特诗歌的隐秘性

论田纳西•威廉斯《欲望号街车》中的逃遁主义

Slips of Tongue in English Learning as a Second Language 试析托尼•莫里森《爱娃》中的魔幻现实主义 商务英语中的缩略词研究

中国领导人讲话中中国特色词汇的汉英翻译 中西方对鬼怪认识的差异

从文化差异角度看中式菜单英译

Psychological Analysis of Holden in The Catcher in the Rye 英语词汇学习存在的问题及对策研究

从目的论视角下对比研究《哈利•波特与火焰杯》的两个中译本 商务英语信函中的礼貌原则

从功能对等角度分析英文电影片名汉译 中美乡土文学中人性美的文化差异分析 模糊语在国际商务谈判中的语用功能研究 谭恩美《灶神之妻》文化解读

法律语言特征和法律语言翻译 88 浅析奥斯丁的女性意识

浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的反叛精神 90 从古至今的吸血鬼文化

A Comparison of the English Color Terms 92 从韦恩•布斯的修辞理论角度分析《爱玛》中的修辞手法 93 商务英语信函中的礼貌原则

试析《旅游巴士》中的犹太文化内涵 95 The Tragic Fate of Tess 96 Rationalism in The Mysterious Stranger 97 卡勒德·胡赛尼《追风筝的人》阿米尔的救赎分析 98 幽默元素在英语电影和电视剧中的翻译 99 浅谈英语影片名的翻译 100 商务信函中的介词用法

《威尼斯商人》中的种族及宗教冲突

The Application of Multi-media in Middle School English Teaching 103 从目的论角度看外宣翻译研究

从交际翻译理论看幽默对话翻译——以《老友记》第一季为例 105 模糊数词在英语习语中的构成形式及其修辞功能 106 重新诠释玛格丽特的人生悲剧根源

从爱伦·坡《黑猫》探讨人性的善良与邪恶 108 以姚木兰和斯嘉丽为例看东西方女性意识差异 109 中西跨文化交际中的礼貌问题之比较分析 110 从女性主义看《呼啸山庄》

从后殖民视角解读《孤独的割麦女》 112 论英语新课标下高中生跨文化意识的培养 113 浅析《红字》中象征手法的运用

English Teaching and Learning in China's Middle School 115 英文电影名汉译中的功能对等 116 论《小镇畸人》中人物的怪诞性

二元对立模型在伍尔夫《达洛卫夫人》中的应用 118 初中英语教学中的角色扮演 119 “误译”现象的合理性探析 120 如何有效地扩展大学生英语词汇

On Characteristic Features of the Main Characters in The Moon and Sixpence 122 观春潮：浅析“戏仿”背后海明威性格阴暗面 123 从归化与异化的角度研究《金锁记》的翻译策略 124 中西餐桌礼仪文化差异

A Naturalistic Approach to Jude’s Tragedy in Jude the Obscure 126 浅析托妮·莫里森《宠儿》中人物的身份建构 127 从社会符号学角度浅谈汉语“一”字成语翻译 128 从言语行为理论研究广告英语中的隐喻 129 《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》中阶级面面观

A Contrastive Study on Traditional Festivals in Chinese and Western Cultures—from the

Perspective of the Disparity between Spring Festival and Christmas Day 131 美国战争电影的人性和文化透视－－以《拯救大兵瑞恩》为例 132 中西建筑文化差异及其形成背景分析 133 通过会话原则分析手机短信语言

从目的论看《生活大爆炸》的字幕翻译 135 英语电影片名翻译策略研究

浅析《恋爱中的女人》的圣经意象原型——从原型批评角度解读 137 从情景喜剧《老友记》浅析美国俚语的幽默效果 138 英文电影题目翻译的异化与归化研究

“黑人会飞”——托妮•莫里森小说《所罗门之歌》中的黑人神话研究 140 从合作原则违反角度分析《破产姐妹》中的幽默话语 141 从《葡萄牙人的十四行诗集》探究布朗宁夫妇的爱情 142 Judy’s Double Character in Daddy-Long-Legs 143 从校园流行语看中美学生思维方式的差异 144 从麦当劳看美国快餐文化

论亨利•詹姆斯的世态小说的特征—以《黛西•米勒》和《贵妇画像》为例 146 论企业对员工过度压力的管理

论简·奥斯汀在《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观 148 从目的论的角度来看新闻英语中委婉语的翻译 149 目的论下进口汽车说明书的翻译研究 150 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 151 《傲慢与偏见》中的对立与统一

152平衡的维系——《天钧》中的道家思想 153 英语广告语中隐喻的研究 154 商务信函中的语气结构分析

155 论《永别了，武器》中战争对人物的影响 156 论被动句的翻译

157 从《蝙蝠侠：黑暗骑士》与《叶问》看中美电影中塑造英雄方式的差异 158 《红字》中替罪羊形象的分析

159 文化全球化语境下中英婚姻习俗的对比研究 160 从《爱玛》看简•奥斯丁的女性主义意识 161 从生态女性主义视角解读《喜福会》

162 《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》中哈克和吉姆的人物形象分析

163 A Contrastive Study on Language Features of Chinese and English Proverbs 164 李安电影中的文化融合现象

165 语音歧义和语义歧义的语言学分析 166 爱伦坡侦探小说中恐怖气氛的营造方法 167 大学英语课堂教学师生互动建构浅析

168 从唯美主义的角度论《道林.格蕾的画像》中的主要人物 169 英语幽默语的语用研究

170 解读《金色笔记》中的女性主义 171 论奥康纳短篇小说的创作特色

172 哈代的悲观主义和宿命论在《德伯家的苔丝》中的体现 173 《哈利•波特》系列作品中颜色的象征意义

174 《简爱》中女主人公的人生观分析 175 情景教学法在小学英语课堂中的运用

176 《基督山伯爵》与《肖申克的救赎》中男主人公的形象比较 177 普通话对英语语音的迁移作用 178 探析《夜访吸血鬼》中的孤独

179 试析英汉颜色习语折射出的中西文化异同 180 《红色英勇勋章》主人公刻画手法分析 181 商务英语信函中名词化结构的翻译

182 英语文学作品与改编电影的差异——以 《傲慢与偏见》及其版改编电影为例 183 学前英语游戏教学法

184 美国个人主义和中国集体主义的对比与分析

185 Living in the Crack: A Study of the Grotesques in Winesburg, Ohio 186 应用多媒体资源提高英语新闻听力 187 目的论指导下的导游词英译策略研究

188 从《看得见风景的房间》看女性身份的遗失和找寻 189 论西尔维娅•普拉斯诗歌中的死亡意象

190 从跨文化的视角分析美国动画“辛普森一家”中的习语现象 191 多媒体技术在英语语境教学中的应用

192 虽不起眼，但不可或缺：从《洛丽塔》中的小人物看亨伯特悲剧的必然性 193 The Tragic Color of Tender Is the Night 194 浅析《黛西米勒》中男女主人公矛盾情感背后的文化冲突 195 从女性意识的角度解读《荆棘鸟》中的女性形象 196 文明的樊笼—解读《野性的呼唤》 197 商务英语翻译中的隐喻研究

198 高中英语词汇教学中文化意识的培养 199 华盛顿•欧文与陶渊明逃遁思想对比研究 200 汉英礼貌原则对比浅析

第五篇：电影片名翻译赏析

中文电影片名翻译赏析

一、非诚勿扰 If You Are the One 剧情简介：秦奋(葛优饰)的天才发明被风险投资人(范伟饰)出天价买断。一夜暴富的这位“剩男”揣着家底开始了“征婚”旅程。漫漫“征途”上，各怀心事者纷至沓来，一段“人间喜剧”演出2008世间百态。几经周折后，秦奋终遇倾心佳人梁笑笑(舒淇饰)。无奈，美人心有所属。秦奋究竟如何逆流而上？几番悲欣交集后，有志者事竟成！秦奋终于带着他的真爱开始一段全新征程。

片名翻译赏析：本片主要开头就是主人公想找个人结婚，“the One”恰恰能够表明主人公想找到心目中的那个她的愿望。然而电影的线索是征婚，一个一个来试，所以英文片名翻译中加了“If”。中文名是从否定意义上说的：不诚恳，不适合就不要来打扰；英文名反了过来，从正面来假设：如果你合适。这两者有异曲同工之妙，着实为非常好的片名翻译。

二、101次求婚 Say Yes 剧情简介：乐团的大提琴手叶薰（林志玲 饰）因为三年前的未婚夫许卓（高以翔 饰）因车祸缺席婚礼而受到伤害，三年来美丽高雅的她虽然身边追求者不断，自己却无法再爱上一个人。不期然的是，黄达（黄渤 饰），一个平凡的不能再平凡，在相亲路上饱受挫折的包工头闯入她的生活，打破了叶薰原本宁静的生活。二人因为一次黄达帮叶薰解围了一场演变成闹剧的相亲而相识，叶薰更是帮黄达要回了被拖欠许久的工程款。在一来一往的相处中，黄达逐渐被叶薰独特的气质吸引，不顾一切的展开了对叶薰的爱情攻势。而叶薰也在想方设法的回绝黄达的过程中对这个执着的为自己付出的男人渐生情愫。然而就在叶薰为黄达的真情所动时，消失了三年的许卓重新出现在了她的生活中，成了二人感情的最大障碍„„

片名翻译赏析：中文名称直截了当地介绍了片中很重要的一个剧情，男主人公为了寻找爱情已经相了101次亲，而当他找到自己的真爱时，他渴望对方能够答应自己。西方的婚礼中很重要的一部分就是相互说“Yes, I do”，所以该片的英文名也很巧妙的使用了归化加意译的手法，点明主人公为了使女主角Say Yes而付出的艰辛努力。三、一代宗师 The Grandmaster 剧情简介：广东佛山人叶问（梁朝伟 饰），年少时家境优渥，师从咏春拳第三代传人陈华顺学习拳法，师傅“一条腰带一口气”的告诫，支持他走过兵荒马乱、朝代更迭的混乱年代。妻子张永成（宋慧乔 饰）泼辣干练，二人夫唱妇随，琴瑟合璧。

1936年，佛山武术界乱云激荡。八卦拳宗师宫羽田（王庆祥 饰）年事已高，承诺隐退。其所担任的中华武士会会长职位，自然引起武林高手的关注与觊觎。包括宫羽田的独生女宫二（章子怡 饰）在内，白猿马三（张晋 饰）、关东之鬼丁连山（赵本山 饰）、咏春叶问等高手无不将目光聚焦在正气凛然的宫羽田身上。拳有南北，国有南北乎？最有德行之人才堪会长重任，然这浮世虚名却引得无数迷乱之人狂醉奔忙，浪掷残生。生逢乱世，儿女情长埋藏心底，被冷若寒冰的车轮碾作碎泥„„

片名翻译赏析：片名直接点明影片的主要内容是关于一代德高望重的武术宗师的故事，主题鲜明，所以英文译名也采取了直译的手法，使得观影者一眼就能看明白这部影片讲述的内容，切合主题，不拖不沓，清楚明了。

四、听风者 The Silent War 剧情简介：1949年，新中国建立之初。江山初定，百废待兴，和平的表象下没有硝烟的战争早已拉开序幕。败逃台湾的国民党接连向大陆派出特工，伺机破坏。为了应对接二连三的破坏活动，中共成立情报部门701局与敌方展开连番较量。同年10月初，701局控制的侦听局莫名消失，为了查清消失电台的下落，701局负责人老鬼（王学兵 饰）授命代号二〇〇的张学宁（周迅 饰）去上海寻找耳力超群的钢琴调音师罗三耳。结果阴差阳错，学宁找到了罗德小徒弟——耳力同样超群的盲人调音师阿兵（梁朝伟 饰）。

阿兵不负众望，不仅通过层层严苛的考试，还在工作中一鸣惊人。在残酷的谍报战争中，阿兵和学宁之间某种情愫也暗暗滋生„„

片名翻译赏析：该片英文片名如果直译回汉语就是无声的战争，但实际上片中讲述的故事最为重要的一个元素就是电台中的声音。风几乎是悄无声息的，但总能有耳力超群的人能够听到，也可能是译者为了故意夸大，借“Silent”来表明主人公赢得这场战争的不易。总体来讲，此片名的翻译不好不坏。

五、中国合伙人American Dreams in China 剧情简介：20世纪80年代，三个怀有热情和梦想的年轻人在高等学府燕京大学的校园内相遇，从此展开了他们长达三十年的友谊和梦想征途。出生于留学世家的孟晓骏（邓超 饰）渴望站在美国的土地上改变世界，浪漫自由的王阳（佟大为 饰）尽情享受改革开放初期那蓬勃激昂的青春气息，曾两次高考落榜的农村青年成冬青（黄晓明 饰）以晓骏为目标努力求学，并收获了美好的爱情。然而三个好友最终只有晓骏获得美国签证，现实和梦想的巨大差距让冬青和王阳倍受打击。偶然机缘，被开除公职的冬青在王阳的帮助下办起了英语培训学校，开始品尝到成功的喜悦。在美国发展不顺的晓骏回国，并加入学校，无疑推动三个好友朝着梦想迈进了一大步。

只是随着成功的降临，他们的友情也开始承受严峻的考验„„ 片名翻译赏析：西方人对“American Dreams”是再熟悉不过了，本片名的翻译采取了归化的手法，把发生在中国通过奋斗而成功的故事译为发生在中国的美国梦。但个人认为，自改革开放以来，很多人都通过努力实现了各自的梦想，尤其是近期中国梦的提出更是呼应了这一主题，所以应译为“Chinese Dreams”更为恰当，同时这样也能更有力地向国外推广国内的文化。