初中英语必会词组,句法,语法,和练习题

第一篇：初中英语必会词组,句法,语法,和练习题

初中英语（新课标版）中考总复习冲刺材料

初中英语*新课标版*中考复习*知识总结*重点提要*专题整合*课题专练*名师讲解

声明：本复习材料适用于初三中考学生，知识点全面，内含中考试题和分析讲解，1个月即 可速成，普遍提升英语成绩可达30分以上，熟练掌握者，完全可以攻破中考英语关！

特别声明：版权所有，翻版必究！！

鸣谢：本资源部分参考至互联网和其他书籍材料，特此提出感谢！

【初中英语词组总结】(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2（比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）agree with sb 赞成某人 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界 along with同......一道，伴随......eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for......求助 向...要...（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在......岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of............的起初；......的开始 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）能够......eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do(of sth 恐惧，害怕......eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at)sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 be as...原级...as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 be away from 从......离开 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太

阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于

be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于......32 be careful 当心；小心

be different from......和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以......著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满......的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句

be going to + v(原）将来时

be good at(+doing)= do well in 在某方面善长, 善于......41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康

be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像......eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的气

be made from 由......制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由......制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 be not sure 表不确定 53 be on a visit to 参观

be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰 57 be sick in bed 生病在床

be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表确定

be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher 我相信

我的大脑（老师）

be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相

信他能通过考试

be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考

试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语 70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕......71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as...和什么一样

be used to doing sth习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

be worth doing 值得做什么

be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

because+句子 because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start...with...=begin...with...以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between...and...两者之间

borrow sth from sb 向......借......lend sth to sb(lend sb sth 借给......什么 东西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen 80 both = the same(as)= not different(from)表相同

bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了 He's bothering me to lend him money 82 by the end of 到......为止

call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的 未来

catch up with sb 赶上某人

chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 87 come in 进

come over to 过来

come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办 法吗？

communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不

考虑去泸州？

dance to 随着......跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳 舞

decide to do sth 决定做某事

do a survey of 做某方面的调查

do better in 在......方面做得更好

do wrong 做错

Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事

Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意......99 each +名（单）每一个...eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢

escape from 从......逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱

里逃跑出来

expect to do sth 期待做某事

fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来

fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词）

fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from...to...从某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做...eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被 剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好 116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻 119 get sb to do sth 120 get...from...从某处得到某物

give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物

go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳

go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事

go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法

hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事 129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会

have a talk 听报告 谈一谈

have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to...(地方）......去过某过地方 have gone to...（地方）去了某地还 没回来

have fun +doing 玩得高兴

have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我

没什么事情做

have to do sth 必须做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

have...time +doing 138 have...(时间)...off 放......假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用处

help sb with sth one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb(to)do sth 帮助某

人做某事

hope to do sth 希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚

会

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知

道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州 If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会 让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的

钱，我就要去英国

in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为 148 in some ways 在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)最后

in the north of...什么在什么的北方（north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东）

151 in the sun 在太阳下

152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3% the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of +（名）代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子 I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样 158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说

太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English 161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对......来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间 eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了 164 join = take part in 参加 165 just now 刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？ 167 keep out 不让......进入

168 keep sb adj 让......保持......eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to...anser to...key 可以是答题或钥匙 171 laugh at...取笑......eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke 172 learn by oneslfe 自学

173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth 学做某事 175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该

让我们的父母失望

177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan 179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看

180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路 181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 183 make it early 把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写 189 make up be made up of(被动语态）由......组成 190 make...difference to...191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意......做什么 192 most +名 most of +代 193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事

197 need to do(实义动词）need do(情态动词）

198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more 再也不......eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭

201 not...(形、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all 202 not...at all 一点都不

203 not...either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐

204 not...until 直到......才......eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供

206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you 我给你提供水

207 on one's way to...在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈 210 on time 准时 in time 及时

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天 212 one of +可数名词的复数形式

213 one to another 一个到另一个

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作

216 pay for...付......钱 pay the bill 开钱，付钱 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相对......更喜欢......eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在

物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理

prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做...不愿意去做...eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做...也不愿

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更

喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意...eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来

223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句 eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案 224 rather...than 宁可......也不......eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师 He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫 225 regard...as 把......当作......eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候

I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友 He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校 the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人 229 say to oneself 对自己说 230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth 花了多少时间做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物

238 send...to...把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使......震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！吓

我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some...others...一些......另一些......244 start...with...从......开始 begin...with...从......开始 245 stay away from 远离......eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你

想减肥，你最好远离甜食 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 248 stop sb(from)doing 阻止某人做某事 249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事 250 such +名 这样，这种

251 suit sb 适合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇 253 take classes 上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him ③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于......257 talk with sb 和某人说话

258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做 什么

263 tell...from...264 thank you for +doing 265 the same +名词(doing)+as......266 the same...(名)...as as...(adj adv)...as 相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的

路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to...（地点）到哪的

269 too...to...太怎样而不能......adj +enough to 足够...能...so...that +丛句 eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school ＝ He is so old that he can go to school 270 transalte......into......把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 271 travel with sb和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了 eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已

经做过了 274 try...试衣服 have a try 试一下

275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大

276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开 277 upside down 倒着

278 visit to...参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

【初中英语语法总结】

【1 一般现在时的用法 】

1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状 语： every..., sometimes, at..., on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七点离开家。

2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：

The earth moves around the sun.地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。

3）表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：

I don't want so much.我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now.我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二 句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。【2 一般过去时的用法 】

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：

yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足 球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。

3）句型：It is time for sb.to do sth “到......时间了” “该......了”。例如： It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。

It is time that sb.did sth.“时间已迟了” “早该......了”，例如It is time you went to bed.你早该 睡觉了。

would（had）rather sb.did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

4）wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时

表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some.我以

为你想要一些。

比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）

Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）

Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）

Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚 离去）注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：

Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？

I wondered if you could help me.能不能帮我一下。

2）情态动词 could, would。例如：

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？

【3 used to / be used to 】

used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：

Mother used not to be so forgetful.老妈过去没那么健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk.斯卡夫过去常常散步。

be used to + doing： 对......已感到习惯，或“习惯于”，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。例 如：

He is used to a vegetarian diet.Scarf is used to taking a walk.斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。

典型例题

----Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.----It's 69568442.A.didn't B.couldn't C.don't D.can't

答案A.本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生 在过去，因此应用过去时。

【4 一般将来时】

1）shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用

于第二人称。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？

2）be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？

b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开 播。

c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3）be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4）be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

【5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。】 例如：

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.【6 be to和be going to】

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）【7 一般现在时表将来 】

1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来

表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。

2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：

Here comes the bus.= The bus is coming.车来了。

There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing.铃响了。

3）在时间或条件句中。例如：

When Bill comes（不是will come）, ask him to wait for me.比尔来后，让他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了那里，就写信给你。

4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：

I hope they have a nice time next week.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.离开房间前，务必把窗户关 了。

【8 用现在进行时表示将来 】

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：

I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？

【9 现在完成时 】

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示 持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have（has）+过去分词。【10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时】

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为 过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无 时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，...ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具 体的时间状语。

现在完成时的时间状语：

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的 时间状语。

共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如

live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

4）一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等 例如：

I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了）

I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）

Why did you get up so early?（强调起床的动作已发生过了）

Who hasn't handed in his paper?（强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）

He has been in the League for three years.（在团内的状态可延续）

He has been a League member for three years.（是团员的状态可持续）

5）句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成

时，要用过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.【11.比较since和for 】

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如： I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。I have lived here since I was born.我从出生起就住在这儿了。注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years.（我现在已不在这里工作。）I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）

注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。1）

（对）Tom has studied Russian for three years.= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, a nd is still studying it now.2）

（错）Harry has got married for six years.= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.显然，第二句不对，它应改

为 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.【12.since的四种用法】

1）since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：

I have been here since 1989.1989起，我一直在这儿。

2）since +一段时间+ ago。例如：

I have been here since five months ago.我在这儿，已经有五个月了。

3）since +从句。例如：

Great changes have taken place since you left.你走后，变化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here.我们走后，变化可大了。

4）It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如：

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我考上研究生有两年了。

【13.延续动词与瞬间动词】

1）用于完成时的区别

延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例 如：

He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。（表结果）

I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）

2）用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做......直到......” 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到......，才......”。例如：

He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他到10 点才回来。

He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10点。

典型例题

1.You don't need to describe her.I ___ her several times.A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet

答案B.首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times 告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.---Oh, not at all.I ___ here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

答案A.等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。

【14.用一般过去时代替过去完成时】

1）两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去

时。例如：

When she saw the mouse，she screamed.她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。）两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如：

When I heard the news, I was very excited.3）叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如：

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.【15.不用进行时的动词】

1）表示事实状态的动词，如

have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例

如：I have two brothers.我有两兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister.这房子是我姐的。

2）表示心理状态的动词，如 know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget , prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help.我需要你的帮助。

He loves her very much.他爱她很深。

3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：

I accept your advice.我接受你的劝告。

4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：

You seem a little tired.你看上去有点累。

【16.过去进行时】 1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动 作发生。

3）常用的时间状语有

this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了 伤。

It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站时，正下着雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。

典型例题

1）Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes

答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做 衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。

2）As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.A.read；was falling B.was reading； fell C.was reading； was falling D.read；fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为“当......之时”。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；

一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 “在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。”句中 的 fell（fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。

【重点部分提要】 一.词汇

⑴ 单词

1.介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1).in表示“在......中”，“在......内”。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里

in the classroom 在教室里

2).on 表示“在......上”。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上

3).under表示“在......下”。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下

4).behind表示“在......后面”。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后

5).near表示“在......附近”。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近near the bed 在床附近

6).at表示“在......处”。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家

at the door 在门口

7).of 表示“......的”。例如：

a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图

2.冠词 a / an / the:

冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两 种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book;an用在 以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。

This is a cat.这是一只猫。

It's an English book.这是一本英语书。His father is a worker.他的爸爸是个工人。

the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？

------What can you see in the classroom?------I can see a bag.------Where's the bag?------It's on the desk.-------你能在教室里看到什么呀？------我能看见一个书包。------书包在哪呀？------在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如：

There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。

②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如：

Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？

Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？ There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。

⑵记住它们的特殊用法。

①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点 我们不久就会学到。例如：

Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？

②any也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何的”。例如：

Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。

some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。

4.family family看作为一个整体时，意思是“家庭”，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family 看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。

My family is a big family.我的家庭是个大家庭。

My family are all at home now.我的家人现在都在家。

Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长 大的环境和居住地点。house指“家”、“房屋”，侧重居住的建筑本身。His family are all workers.他的家人都是工人。My home is in Beijing.我的家在北京。He isn't at home now.他现在不在家。

It's a picture of my family.这是一张我全家的照片。

5.little的用法

a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。*但little还可表示否定意义，意为“少的”，加不可数名词。There is little time.几乎没时间了。

There is little water in the cup.杯中水很少。

⑵ 词组

on the desk 在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子后 under the chair 在椅子下面

in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中 near the door 在门附近

a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片 look at the picture 看这张图片 the teacher's desk 讲桌 a map of China 一张中国地图 family tree 家谱

have a seat 坐下，就坐 this way 这边走

二.日常用语

1.Come and meet my family.2.Go and see.I think it's Li Lei.3.Glad to meet you.4.What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books.5.Can you see an orange? Yes, I can./ No, I can't.6.Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong Kong.7.Let me see.（口语）让我想想看。see 在这是“明白、懂了”，不可译作“看见”。例如：

8.Please have a seat.seat表示“座位”，是个名词。have a seat表示“就坐”，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down 的意思相同。

三.语法

1.名词所有格

名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为“......的”。一般有以

下几种形式：

（1）.一般情况下在词尾加“'s”。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸

my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友

（2）.如果复数名词以s结尾，只加“'”。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节

The boys' game 男孩们的游戏

（3）.如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加“'s”。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节

（4）.表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸

动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加“'s”，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。a map of China 一幅中国地图

the name of her cat 她的猫的名字

a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的门

2.祈使句

祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时 用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。

（1）.祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。Go and see.去看看。Come in, please.请进。（2）.祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。Don't look at your books.不要看书。

Don't play on the road.不要在马路上玩。

3.There be 的句子结构

There be是一个“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动 词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如：

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。

（1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式为：There be + not +(any)+ 名词+地点状语。There is not any cat in the room.房间里没猫。There aren't any books on the desk.桌子上没书。

（2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there +(any)+名词+地点状语？肯定

回答：Yes, there is / are.否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't.---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？---Yes, there is.有。

---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？---No, there aren't.没有。

（3）特殊疑问句：How many...are there(+地点状语)？“某地有多少人或物？”回答用 There be...There's one./ There are two / three / some...有时直接就用数字来回答。One./ Two...---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？---There's only one./ There are nine.只有一个。/有九个。

（4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？ How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？ How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？

【课题专练】

专题

一、英语构词法汇总及练习一.概念

英语的构词法主要有:合成法,转化法,派生法,混成法,截短法和词首字母缩略法.二.相关知识点精讲 1.转化法

英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种 词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。

1)动词转化为名词

很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如 下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：

①Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。

②He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。

③Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。

2)名词转化为动词

很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表 示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。例如：

①Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗?

②Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。

③She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。

④We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。

3)形容词转化为动词

有少数形容词可以转化为动词。例如：

We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生 活状况。

4)副词转化为动词

有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如：

Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。

5)形容词转化为名词

表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。例如：

You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。

The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。2.派生法

在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词 叫作派生法。

1)前缀

除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起 词义的变化。

(1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如：

appear出现→disappear消失

correct正确的→incorrect不正确的 lead带领→mislead领错

stop停下→non-stop不停

(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti-(反对；抵抗), auto-(自动), co-(共同), en-(使), inter-(互相), re-(再；又), sub-(下面的；次；小), tele-(强调距离)等。例如：

alone单独的antigas防毒气的 autochart自动图表

cooperate合作enjoy使高兴

internet互联网reuse再用 subway地铁telephone电话 2)后缀

英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的

词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。

(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/-or(从事某事的人),-ese(某地人)，-ess(雌性)，-ful(一......)，-ian(精通......的人)，-ist(专业人员)，-ment(性质；状态)，-ness(性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如：

differ不同于→difference区别

write写→writer作家

Japan日本→Japanese日本人

act表演→actress女演员

mouth口→mouthful一口

music音乐→musician音乐家

(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n(多用于形容词之后)，-fy(使......化)，-ize(使......成为)。例如：

wide→widen加宽

beauty→beautify美化

pure→purify提纯

real→realize意识到 organ→organize组织

(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，-able(有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en(多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern(方向 的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less(表示否定)，-like(像......的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y(表示天气)等。例如：

nature自然→natural自然的

reason道理→reasonable有道理的 America美国→American美国的 China中国→Chinese中国人的 gold金子→golden金的 east东→eastern东方的

child孩子→childish孩子气的

snow雪→snowy雪的

(4)构成副词的常用后缀有-ly(主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s)(主 要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)。例如：

angry生气的→angrily生气地

to到→towards朝......，向......east东方→eastward向东

(5)构成数词的后缀有-teen(十几)，-ty(几十)，-th(构成序数词)。例如：

six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth第十六

four四→forty四十→fortieth第四十 3.合成法

1)合成名词

构成方式例词

名词＋名词weekend周末 名词＋动词daybreak黎明

名词＋动名词handwriting书法

名词＋及物动词＋er／or pain-killer止痛药

名词＋介词＋名词editor-in-chief总编辑

代词＋名词she-wolf母狼

动词＋名词typewriter打字机

动名词＋名词reading-room阅览室

现在分词＋名词flying-fish飞鱼

形容词＋名词gentleman绅士

副词＋动词outbreak爆发

介词＋名词afternoon下午

2)合成形容词

名词＋形容词snow-white雪白的

名词＋现在分词English-speaking讲英语的 名词＋to＋名词face-to-face面对面的 名词＋过去分词man-made人造的

数词＋名词one-way单行的

数词＋名词＋形容词two-year-old两岁的 数词＋名词＋ed five-storeyed五层的 动词＋副词see-through透明的 形容词＋名词high-class高级的

形容词＋名词＋ed noble-minded高尚的

形容词＋形容词light-blue浅蓝色的

形容词＋现在分词good-looking相貌好看的 副词＋形容词ever-green常青的

副词＋现在分词hard-working勤劳的 副词＋过去分词well-known著名的 副词＋名词fast-food专门提供快餐服务的 介词＋名词downhill下坡的 3)合成动词

名词＋动词sleep-walk梦游

形容词＋动词white-wash粉刷

副词＋动词overthrow推翻

4)合成副词

形容词＋名词hotfoot匆忙地

形容词＋副词everywhere到处

副词＋副词however尽管如此

介词＋名词beforehand事先

介词＋副词forever永远

5)合成代词

代词宾格＋self herself她自己

物主代词＋self myself我自己

形容词＋名词anything任何东西 6)合成介词

副词＋名词inside在......里面 介词＋副词within在......之内

副词＋介词into进入 4.截短法(缩略法)

截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。

1)截头

telephone→phone

aeroplane→plane

omnibus→bus

2)去尾

mathematics→maths

co-operate→co-op

examination→exam

kilogram→kilo

laboratory→lab

taxicab→taxi

3)截头去尾

influenza→flu

refrigerator→fridge

prescription→script 5.混合法(混成法)

混合法，即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体；前半部 分表示属性。

news broadcast→newscast新闻广播

television broadcast→telecast电视播送

smoke and fog→smog烟雾

helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场

6.首尾字母缩略法

首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分 别读音；作为一个单词读音。

very important person→VIP(读字母音)要人；大人物

television→TV(读字母音)电视

Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福

Nato 三.巩固练习

1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B.careful C.careless D.carelessness

2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.A.die B.dead C.died D.death

3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded.A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad 4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a ________.A.chemistry B.chemical C.chemist D.physician

5.The three-________chair isn't suitable for a young child.He may fall off.A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged

6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world.A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership

7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely

8.To everyone's ________，the girl finished the job quite well.A.satisfied B.satisfactory

C.satisfying D.satisfaction

9.-What are you doing here?

-Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.-You can write________passage in English?

A.600 words；a 600-words

B.600-word；a 600-words

C.600 words；a 600-word

D.600 words；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police.A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence

11.You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline

C.headmaster D.headache

12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.A.intend B.intention

C.intentionally D.intentional

13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile.A.practice B.practise

C.practical D.practiced

14.The________ordered him to pay a $100 fine.A.judger B.judgment

C.judge D.judgement

15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War?

A.lately B.latest

C.later D.latter

16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.A.longer B.length

C.long D.longing

17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily.A.joy B.joyful

C.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an________country.A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken

19.How________ he is!He is always acting________.He is really a ________.A.foolish；foolishly；fool

B.fool；foolish；fool

C.foolish；fool；fool

D.foolishly；foolish；fool

20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It's of great ________.A.valuable B.value

C.valueless D.unvaluable

21.There were________fish in the river in South America.A.in danger B.danger

C.dangerous D.dangerless

22.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________.A.sound B.silent

C.silence D.sounded

23.The child looked at me________.A.stranger B.strangely

C.strange D.strangeless 24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely.A.free B.freely C.freedom D.frees

25.What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.A.reasonable B.reasonful

C.reasonless D.unreason

26.We have to learn________technology from other countries.A.advance B.advancing

C.advantage D.advanced

27.The children live in a village ________.They come here almost every day.A.nearby B.near

C.nearly D.near by

28.Mr Black is an ________in the army，not an________in the government.You can not easily find him in his________.A.official；officer；office

B.officer；office；official

C.official；official；official

D.officer；official；office

29.You'd better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.A.health B.healthy

C.healthily D.healthier 30.________ speaking，I didn't do it on purpose.A.Honestly B.Honest C.Honesty D.Dishonest [参考答案]1-5 BDACB 6-10 CBDCB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BAAAB

专题

二、英语语法汇总及练习

动词的时态: 初中英语的动词时态主要有五种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,现在完 成时.1.一般现时的用法：主要由动词原形表示，但在第三人称单数时要在词尾加-s。否定句 和疑问句要用助动词do, does.A.经常性或习惯性的动作。如The trees get green in spring.。

B现在特征或状态。如The Changjiang River is the longest in our country.He doesn` t work in the factory.C.普遍真理。如The sun rises in the east.Five and two in seven.2现在进行时： 现在进行时是由助动词be 的人称形式加现在分词构成。主要表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。如：

Where are they swimming? They are swimming in the river.有些动词的现在进行时表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。这些动词是：go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive , return ,work sleep,stay,play,do,have ,wear.....She is coming to see me tomorrow.3． 一般将来时： 主要表示将要发生的动作或情况。

由助动词shall 或will加动词原形构成。/ be going to 加动词原形构成 It won't rain tonight.I shall meet you at the station.He is going to have a swim tomorrow.4.一般过去时：由动词的过去式表示。

表示在过去某个时刻发生的动作或情况。包括过去习惯性动作。如；

Did you knock at the door just now? / He finished reading the book yesterday.5.现在完成时：由have的人称形式加过去分词构成 A 到现在为止已经完成的动作。如：

I have lent my book to Ann.我把书借给了安。

He has never seen a real tiger.他从来没有见过真老虎。B、从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。如：

She has lived here since 1991.从一九九一年起她就住在这里。时 态 常用的时间副词

一般现在

时 every(year,otherday ,twodays,week,month...),often ,always,usually ,som etimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 一般过去时 last week, just now,yesterday, yeaterday morning ,the day before yesterday,then, at that moment,(a few days)ago, 一般将来时 tomorrow, next month, in two days, 现在进行时 now 现在完成时 since ,for（one year....）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years,...before.so far

被动语态：

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。Be有人 称，数量和时态变化。

一般现在时：be(is am are)+及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：be(was were)+ 及物动词的过去分词

情态动词的过去分词：情态动词+be +及物动词的过去分词

用动词的适当时态填空：

1.Light_________(travel)faster than sound.He _______(get)up early in the morning 2.John usually ________(go)home on Sunday morning.3.Cats ________(like)fish while dogs _______(like).4.He always__________(sleep)with his windows open.5.One tree ___________(not make)a wood.Two and three_______(be)five.6.I ______(say)you are wrong.Everything _______(go)well in spring.7.He_________(not wok)on Sundays.He _______(take)a walk after supper.8.Lucy ________(prefer)coffee to milk.Lily ________(hate)traveling.9.Children _______(love)to play games.The boy _____(look)like his mother.10.The sun _______(rise)in the east and ______(go)down in the west.11.Where ______you ______(go)just now? I _______(go)to the library.12.He______(live)in China last year, but he ________(live)in Japan now.He _________(live)there for three months.He ________(live)there by the end of this year.13.He _______(pay)ten yuan for his new book yesterday.It ______(cost)him so little.14.What _____you _____(wear)yesterday? I _______(wear)a blue skirt.15.He ______(feel)very tired last night ,he ____(fall)asleep very quickly.16.He______(say)he ______(will)write to me as soon as he came home.17.He ______(take)his temperature half an hour ago.18.We ________(win)the league match last week, we ______(be)the winners.19.She ______(keep)me waiting for an hour last night.She ______(be)late.20.He ______(find)it difficult to get to sleep.because he _______(be)too glad.21.He ________(read)a book when I ______(see)her.22.Great changes _______(happen)in the village last year.23.He ____(drive)to Shanghai last week, he ________(choose)many presents for his family.24.Just now ,he ______(mistake)me for Lucy.25.What ______you _____(do)now ? I ________(look)for my pen.26.Look ,they ______(read)over there，others _______(dance)under the tall tree.27.Listen ,someone___________(sing)English songs next room.28.It's five o'clock..I________(do)my homework, My brother __________(play)games , my mother _________(cook)supper, my father ________(mend)his car in the garden.29.Tom __________(fly)kites with his classmates on the hill now.30.Who ____________(wash)clothes over there ? It's my mother.31.______you _______(look)for a ball? Yes.I am.32.He _______always _______(try)out his new ideas.33.The world population __________(grow)faster and faster.34.What _______Lucy _________(wear)today ? She _______(wear)a dark blue skirt.35.______you _______(make)a cake ? No.I__________(make)dumplings.36.It________(rain)hard now.If it_________(not stop),we________(not go)to the park.37.The children ________(go)the park next week.They ________(have)a good time there.38.He with his father _________(play)football tomorrow.39.My friend _________(come)to see me in two days.40.What ______you _______(do)this Sunday ? Nothing much.______we ______(go)shopping? That's a good idea.When ______we ______(meet)? 41.There __________(be)a football match the day after tomorrow.42.Jim __________(have)a swim this evening.After that ,he ________(do)his homework.43.ClassThree __________(not have)any classes next week.44.I________(buy)a skirt for my daughter next month.45._______you_______(start)your homework? Yes, but I_________(not finish)it yet.46.What ________you________(do)with the library book? I_____just _______(return)it.47.Excuse me.I ________(lose)my cat._____you ______(see)it anywhere? 48.If I _______(lose)the book, I must pay for it.49.I_______(come)to get my pan back..______you _______(finish)using it? Not yet.50._____you ever _______(milk)a cow? No, never.51.How long _____you ______(be)at this school ? For two years.52.He ________(teach)in this school for ten years.I_________(live)here since last year.53.More than two days ________(pass)since we left.54._______you ______(take)her temperature? Yes, I have.I_______(have)a cold for a week.55._______you _______(sleep)well? Yes, I ______(sleep)well all night.56．I_______ never________(hear)of that before.56.Chinese _________(speak)by the largest people in the world.57.This bike _______(make)in Shanghai.Bananas_________(grow)in the south of China.58.Metal _________(use)for making machines.59.Sheep _________(keep)farmers for producing wool and mutton.60.The watch _________(buy)two years ago.It _________(buy)for two years.61.The bike _________(use)for ten years.It ________(break)down for two months.62.______you ______(wear)it a lot ? Yes.It _______(wear)for ten years.63.The young tree must __________(tie)to the stick.64.Trees should __________(plant)in spring.65.Silk ________(produce)in Suzhou.66.Some of the things ________(show)in the museum now.67.The PRC _________(found)on October 1,1949.68.The lost boy _______(find)yesterday.69.The book _________(write)in English It can __________(read)by many people.70.Old people should ___________(speak)to politely.71.The teacher should ____________(listen)to carefully.72.She _________(surprise)at the news just now.73.She __________(see)to run into the room by me five minutes ago.74.The ground _________(cover)with snow in winter.75.Fruit should __________(harvest)at the right time.76.There are twenty more trees to___________(plant).77.He ________(mistake)for Jim by the man yesterday.78.Great changes_________(happen)in the village since 1985.79.The cheapest pen ________(choose)by him at last.80.The car must ___________(drive)slowly by old men.综合练习：

1.The girl _____(draw)a co on the blackboard with chalk now.2.When_____ you ______(lose)the book? 3.How many times ______your uncle ____(be)to Dalian ? Twice 4.The girl always _______(prefer)Chinese to maths.5.The girl _______(learn)to milk since last year.6.-What`s the girl crying for?---She ______(cut)her finger.7.Stop ______.(guess).Mrs Hu has told me who won the high jump.8.The dog often ____(follow)the young man everywhere.9.Can you _______(guess)it isn`t his ? 0.Hurry up, or you(catch)______ the train.11.Rechard ________(give)you a call as soon as you comes back.12.The little boy hurt his head.He _____(need)an operation at once.13.Don`t worry.We _______(send)for the policemen.14.My radio _______(break).I can`t listen to it.15.Robert lay quietly while the doctors ________(operate)on him.16.Don`t worry.They_______(take)good care of your sin if you go to save the soldiers.17.Most people _______(hate)the bad weather.18.The spy ________(cover)the blanks while the policemen came in.19.Don`t go to see him.He _________(change)his mind.20.Jim ______(make)a few friends since he came to China.21.Don`t worry.The foreign children _______(get)on well on well with their classmates.22.Who _______(wear)the sweater outside last night? 23.Look.You brother ________(fight)with John.24._______ the door ______ ?(lock)25.Glasses _________(make)of glass.26.Silk _______(sell)in some shops in the town..27.The factory _________(produce)machines.28.Do you know the Frenchman/ Yes , I__________(know)him for two years.29.The farmers often _________(sell)their vegetables in the market.30.How many televisions ___________(make)in the factory last week? 31.Athermos is used for _________(keep)the water hot.32.Can the motorbike _________?(ride)33.The old woman __________(lock)the box when she goes out.34.Don't be afraid.The dog must _________(tie)to the tree.35.All the new words __________(not look)up in the dictionary yet.36.How many babies __________(bear)in the world every year“ 37.The woman _______(have)ababy this morning.38.The shoes in your size __________(sell)out.39.Jack fell over while he ______(pass0 the stick on to the second runner.40.Sorry , I kept you ________(wait)so long.41.The boy is always made ________(wash)his face in the morning.42.What _______(be)the population in the world by the end of this century? 43.Mr Brown has stopped smoking since he ________(operate)on ? 44.Tom said he ______(be)a teacher when he grew up.45.His jacket _______(wear)out.He wants to buy a new one.46.The woman _______(seem)always angry.47.Will you go to see the film? Thanks, but _________(see)it ? 48.Miss Li ________(be)Washington for one and a half years.49.When will you finish ______the book ?(write)50.I ______(leave)my pen in the bedroom.I have to write with a pencil.51.Stop talking.The headmaster _________(come).52.The book can ________(keep)for two weeks.53.After supper she went on _________(do)her homework.54.It was a cold night.An old man _______(lie)under a chair in the park.55.Doctors _________(need)in every part of the world.56.She ______(say)she works in an office.57.His father ________(die)for two months.58.By the end of this month , Bill ________(catch)up with Bruce.59.Why _______you always ______(follow)me? 60.The girl _______(hurry)off just now.61.How much ________you _______(spend)on the next travel ? 62.Mr Brown _______(come)in ten minutes 63.All the children ________(take)good care of in the school.64.I ________(go)with you if you agree with me.65.What _______(happen)at the corner of the street now? 66.The young man was very lazy , so he ________(send)away.67.The woman ________(not hear)from her husband since last April.68.The boy was sad because his team _______(beat).69.Two of the players _____(hurt)while playing football.70.Please go and see a film with me when you ______(finish)71.How soon _____ you ______(go)again to Chengdu? 72.Could you tell me what _______(grow)in the South ? 73.His little sister ______ still _____(sleep)when he ______(get)up yesterday.74.I`ll pass the message on to Luny as soon as I ________(see)her next week.75.Mum _______(have)supper at six every evening.76.What ______ this _____(call)in English ? 77.Do you feel like ______(walk)to the corner with me ? 78.Each of the pupils _______ an hour to finish the paper yesterday.(give)79.Your uncle _____ under the tree , isn`t he ?(lie)80.He asked me if it _______(rain)the next morning.81.You`d better _______(go)to see a doctor.82.We ______(learn)over ten English songs by the end of last term.83.The team ______(choose)yesterday afternoon.84.He doesn`t let us ________(draw)on the wall.85.I like _______(read)in bed.86.It ______(get)late , I must go home.87.Neither of us _______(have)much time.88.It gets too hot for _______(climb)89.His mother ______(be)a nurse for nearly ten years.90.Be quite!The baby ______(sleep).91.A new bridge _______(build)in the park last year.92.Lucy ______(do)her home work.You`d better _____(turn)off the TV set.93.I _____(see)him yesterday.94.Her sister ______(learn)to draw since she was four.95.A woman _______(see)go into the boy`s room.96.I _______(call)you as soon as I get to Beijing.97.I don`t know when she ______(return),but when she _____(return).98.If there ______(be)no water ,there _____(be)no living things on the earth.99.I ______(receive)a letter yesterday.It(write)by my brother.He _______(stay)in Hainan.He _____(be)there for nearly a year.In his letter , he _____(say)he _____(return)to Xuzhou the next month.If he _________(come)back ,he ______(leave).And a new theatre _____(build)near our home.It _____(finish)in two weeks.100.My friend Li _______(get)a watch.He _______(have)it for two years.It _____(make)in a town.He _______(buy)it in a street market and ______(wear)it to school almost every day.But he ________(like)it.It _______(have)often ______(break)down.He would like a better one.Next time he ______(buy)one from a shop.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由下列词引导，1.由 that 引导（that在口语中可省略）

He said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.She said(that)she would leave a message on his desk.He was afraid that he would forget his Chinese.2.接连接代词或连接副词引导.(what.who.which.whose /where, when ,how......).Do you know what time the train leaves? Can you tell me which class you are in ? I wanted to know where we should show our tickets.3.whether 或if 引导

Lily wanted to know if it would rain the next day.She asked if they would go to the park this Sunday.*在选择疑问句中，或与or not 连用时，必须用whether而不能用if。变宾语从句需要注意以下几点：

a． 时态变化： 主句是一般现在时，从句可以是任何时态

主句是过去时，从句必须是过去时态的一种

主句是将来时，从句必须是一般现在时。B．人称变化：不常用 如：He asked me.”Are you a teacher？“ He asked me if I was a teacher。C．语序变化：Where is Mike ？ Do you know？ Do you know where Mike is ？ Practise ：

1． He said.The boy is a clever boy.2． He is sure.His team can beat them 3． He was afraid.It will be windy tomorrow.4． He said.The lost book was founded.5． He hopes....He will be able to pass the exam.6． He asked.....When will the bus arrive？ 7． Mother asked her son....Whose pen are you using? 8． The children said.....we enjoy ourselves very much.9． The boy asked me.....Have you heard any noise from outside ? 10.Do you know....Which way must we take to ? 11.I don't know.....Why is he late for the meeting? 12.Do you remember...When did he die? 13.Nobody knows...When will he come back? 14.Do you know...What are they looking for? 15.He asked me...How long does it take to walk to school? 16.Father asked me...What is wrong with you ? 17.I didn't know...He is going to have a boy.18.They never asked...Will it be a boy or a girl ? 19.He didn't know...population is a big problem.20.I thought...He will come back soon.21.He asked me...Which TV programme will you watch ? 22.I don't know...Will it grow fast? 23.Lily asked...Can the man help them 24.Mother asked Do they have a cheaper one? 25.She asked Lucy...Do you need some more tea ? 26.The teacher asked us...Do you have any questions ? 27.He asked...What did Lucy say ? 28.She didn't know...Who was in the room ? 29.They wanted know...What is in the stockings? 30.He asked...What is his present? 31.He asked...Did Jim have a good journey home? 32.He wanted to know...Was it warm in Moscow ? 33.He asked...Where is Jack? 34.He wanted to know...What has happened? 35.He asked...Is anybody hurt ? 时间状语从句：常用下列词语 when、after、before、as soon as、(not)until、since 关于主、从句的时态关系与宾语从句一致

1.I was doing my homework when he came in.2.I will write to you as soon as I get there.3.I will finish the cooking before my mother comes back.4.I didn`t go to bed until my mother returned home 条件状语从句： 1.We won`t go to the park if it rains tomorrow.2.If you have lost the book , you must pay for it.原因状语从句：常用下列词语 because , for , as , so 1.I am late because I missed the train.2.He was lazy so he didn`t pass the exam.综合练习：用适当的词填空

1.You can not go to the classroom _____ they are having a lesson.2.______ they arrived at the theatre, the play had already begun.3.Tom speaks English ____ well ____ an Englishman.4._______ I was walking in the park , I met Tom 5._______ I had done my homework , I went home.6.______ she got home ,she began to wash her clothes.7.Tom`s mother had been a teacher _____ she was twenty.8.I waited ______ he had finished his work.9.You will study _______ you study hard.10.______ he has time ,he will come and see us in Changchun.11.I don`t like winter there ____ it is very cold.【中考冲刺英语课题专练】（共19讲）

【第1讲：名词】

名词当然是大家都很熟悉的了，我们吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名词。It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名词的单复数变化、名词作定语以及名词所有格等问题搞得糊里糊涂 的，到底该怎么用呢？OK,follow me。

First, 名词复数的特殊变化。

普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或-es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。这些小调皮是：

a.class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es；

b.story, factory 等以”辅音字母+y“结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es；

c.knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es；

d.以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是”元音字母+o“ 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。

末尾是”辅音字母+o“的词，变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。

e.child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse（mice）, man（men）, woman（women）等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans； f.deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。好记好记。people，police，cattle 等

词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。the English，the French，the Chinese等名词表示国民总称时，也作复数用。

注意：maths，politics，physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾，仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国），the United Nations（联合国）等应视为单数。

别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。

a.man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers，women teachers。

b.数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk 十里路，two-hundred trees 两百棵树。

哇！这些问题好复杂，我好想轻松一下。那我们就轻轻松松地面对名词所有格问题。

这里面内容可谓少之又少，可也不能小视呦。名词所有格：

表示”......的“通常是在名词的后面加-s，如：Children's day，father's shoes。但以-s结尾的

名词因为已经有s了，只需加 ' 就OK了。如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，.则表示”分 别有“。.如：John's and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；两个名词并列，只有

一个's，则表示”共有“。如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）。还有些无生命名词的所属要用介词of来帮助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term。

好，名词部分我们已经学完，It's a piece of cake? 接下来到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，Are you ready?

练习：

1.All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.A.women...girls B.women...girl

C.woman...girls D.woman...girl 2.Mr Black is a friend of _________.A.Jack's aunt's B.Jack's aunt C.Jack aunt's D.aunt's of Jack

3.This toy was made by a ____ boy.A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4.The farmer raised ten _________.A.sheeps B.deers C.horse D.cows 5.She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.A.her grandmother B.her grandmother's C.her grandmothers' D.that of her grandmother 6.We have moved into a ________.A.two-storey house B.house of two storey C.two-storeys house D.two storeys house 7.The ______ was too much for the child to carry.A.box's steel B.box of a steel C.steel box

D.box of the steel 8.We'll give our English teacher a card for _________.A.the Teacher's Day B.Teacher's Day C.a Teacher's Day D.Teachers' Day 9.Li Ping met an old friend of _______on a train yesterday.A.he B.him C.his D.her 10._________are big and bright.A.The classroom window

B.The window of the classroom C.The windows of the classroom D.The classroom's windows

实战：

1.Don't worry.Your son will come back in ______hour.A.a B.an C.the D./ 2.This nice blouse isn't mine.It's ______.A.you B.your C.Lucy D.yours 3.What's ” potato“ in Chinese? －It's _____.A.香蕉

B.大白菜

C.西红柿

D.土豆

4.The ninth month of a year is _______.A.December B.November C.September D.October 5.A: Must I leave now?

B: No, you _______.A.needn't B.mustnt

C.don't D.won't 6.We have a history lesson ______Wednesday afternoon.A.on B.of C.at D.to 7.Suan has made quite ______friends since she came to China.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 8.A: Have you ever ______to the West Lake?

B: Yes, I ______there last winter.A.gone, went B.been, went C.gone , have been D.been, have 9.Do you ________English? A.tell

B.say C.talk D.speak 10.A: May I _______your ruler?

B: OK, I'm glad to _______it to you.A.lend, borrow B.lend, lend C.borrow , lend D.borrow, borrow 11.We'll go to the museum if it _______tomorrow.A.can't rain B.won't rain C.don't rain D.doesn't rian 12.Do you know ________? A.where does he study B.he studies where C.where he studies D.he where studies 13.A: _______do you go to see your grandparents?

B: Once a month A.How often B.How long C.how much

D.how many 14.A: Would you like another cup of orange? B: ______I'm full.A.No, thanks B.Yes, please.C.Here it is.D.I don't like.15.You must be tired.Why not ________a rest? A.to stop to have B.stop having C.stop to have D.to stop having

【第2讲：代词】

我们刚刚讲完了名词，现在再来看看名词的brother-代词。它与名词的作用其实很相似，所担当的句中成分也相差不多。但也别小看代词呀！它还有很多的”小个性“呢！只要抓 住它的几个”小脾气“，那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。

代词中第一个”小个性“就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清 谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别-my的后面一定要接名词，不可以单独出现，只 能做定语，如：my father；而 mine则是名词性，只能单独出现，在句中做主语和表语。如： Mine is green.It's mine.记住这两个句子，凡是名词性物主代词（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine的位置上了。这样，通过它们出现的位置不同，我们就可以把它 们区别开了。

代词的第二个”罗嗦“就是它有一个小跟班－self(selves)-反身代词，也就是表示”自 己、亲自“的意思。关于反身代词，需要注意的是她不能单独做主语，但可以放在人称代词 后面，做同位语。

如：Marry herself said so.玛丽她自己这么说的。（不能说Herself said so.）下面我给你开点小灶，单独讲一讲须”特特“注意的地方。

Of+名词性物主代词：of +物主代词构成双重所有格。公式为：a（an, this, that）+名词

+of +名词性物主代词。牢记公式，举一反三。因为物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。

如： a friend of mine（我的一个朋友），each brother of his（他的每一个兄弟）.some, any的用法：我们都知道some用于肯定句中，而any则用于否定句和疑问句中。所 以somebody，someone也用于肯定句中，而anybody、anyone则用于否定和疑问句中。

注意：在Would youlike some coffee?（要来点咖啡吗？）这样的肯定疑问句中，说话人

认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时，用some而不用any。

every 和each的用法：every 强调全体的概念，指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，不可单 独使用；each强调个体概念。指两个以上的人或物(含两个)，可单独使用.。Every student in our school works hard.（我们学校的学生都很用功。）Each student may have one book..（每

个学生都可有一本书。）

both, either, neither的用法：

both意为”两者全都“，与复数连用。either意为”两者中间的任何一个“，neither 表示 ”两者之间一个也不是“，与单数连用。如：Both of the them come from London。他们两人 都是伦敦人。You may take either with you。两个中间你随便带哪个都行。Neither is correct。两个都不对。

Few，a few和little，a little的用法：

Few，a few用来代替和修饰可数名词，little，a little用来代替和修饰不可数名词;a few 和a little 着重肯定意思，相当于汉语”有几个“，”有一点儿“；few和little 着重否定意思，相当于汉语 ”没有几个“，”没有多少“

OK，代词部分我们已经学完，It's a piece of cake? 接下来到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，Are you ready?

练习：

1.We had plenty of paper but______ink.A.a few B.few C.not many D.not much 2.Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned ______before.A.one B.it C.them D.that 3.We're very busy because we've so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day.A.much...many B.many...much C.many...a lot D.a lot...much 4.I thought ______of the matter but still couldn't find out the reason.A.every B.both C.nothing

D.everything 5.My car is not so expensive as ________.A.him B.he's C.he D.his 6.Lily and Lucy have arrived，but _______students aren't here yet.A.other B.others C.the other D.the others 7.There are high buildings on ______side of the street.A.both B.every C.any D.either 8.－What do you usually have for breakfast?

－______eggs and ______milk.A Little...a few B.A little...a little

C.A few...a little D.A few...a few 9.______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing D.Everything 10.Is this story the same as ______in that book? A.the one B.what C.that D.it

实战：

1.There is _________old woman in the car.A.不填

B.the C.a D.an 2.We often go to the park _______Sundays.A.on B.in

C.at D.from 3.My book ________on the desk.A.is B.am C.are D.be 4.Which language is ________, English, French or Chinese? A.difficult B.the difficult C.more difficult D.the most difficult 5.－________book is this?

－It's Kate's.A.when B.Why C.Where D.whose 6.－Can you write a letter in English?

－No, I _____.A.may not B.mustn't C.can't D.needn't 7.I ________my homework when Mike came last night.A.do B.was doing C.am doing D.have done 8.He began to ________English three years ago.A.learn B.learns C.learned D.learning 9.Jim is a driver, _______he? A.does B.doesn't C.is D.isn't 10.”What's wrong _________you?“ the doctor asked.A.from B.with C.for D.at

11.He is rich, ________he isn't happy.A.or B.so C.and D.but 12.－Where is Alice?

－She __________to the library.A.goes B.will go C.has gone D.had gone 13.”Help _________to some fish, Mary.“ My aunt said to me.A.themselves B.ourselves C.yourself D.himself 14.We'll stay at home if it ________tomorrow.A.rain B.rains C.is raining

D.will rain 15.The students _________on a farm for ten days.Then they_________to a factory.Though they_______back school, they still remember those farmers and workers.A.have stayed, went , was B.had stayed, go , are C.have stayed, go, have been D.have stayed, went, were

【第3讲：形容词】

Spring is coming.The trees are green, and the flowers are beautiful.多么美的季节啊！我们要去郊游, 去感受、去描绘我们周围美好的事物。形容词会帮你忙。可是形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置，搞错了级别，就是在使用多个形容词 作定语时排错了顺序。当然了，形容词使用时需要遵循一些规则的。想知道吗？接着往下看。

a beautiful little new white wooden house 从这个长长的词中可以看出多个形容词作

定语时排列有一定的先后顺序。它们往往遵循以下规律：冠词或人称代词所有格+数词 +性质+大小+形状+表示老少、新旧+颜色+事物质地、人的国籍、用途。其实,你大可不必这 样费神记,只要记住我给你的句子就可以了。

There is something wrong with my bike。这句话可能让你挠挠头皮，为什么wrong放在 something的后面呢？原来虽然大部分形容词做定语时的位置是放在名词之前的，但当 形容词所修饰的词为something，anything，nothing，everything等以-thing为字尾的词语时，形容词要后置。

形容词级别问题：

a.Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。（我们的教室是他们的两倍。）这种表示倍数的

句子用...times +形容词比较级+than...这样的格式。你记住了吗？

b.I'm three years older than you.（我比你大三岁。）表示”大三岁，“"高二厘米”等时用“表示

数量词的词+比较级”。

c.“越来越......”用“比较级+and +比较级”来表示。如：The earth is getting warmer and warmer。（地球变得越来越暖和。）

d.“越......就越......”用“the +比较级...，the+比较级...”来表示。如： The busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越觉得高兴。)最高级用法的用法就很简单了，提醒你一点，最高级要用于三者以上。还有几点是不得 不提的：

alone 和lonely：I feel lonely, because I am alone at home.你独自一人在家用

“alone” 表示“单独的”、“独自一人的”，它表示一个客观事实，在句中只能做表语。你 在家感到寂寞，用“lonely”，表示主观上感到 “孤独”“寂寞”，指一种悲伤忧郁的情绪，可作定语和表语。older和elder: Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用“older”，表示“ 年纪大的，年老的”，常用做表语；他是我的长兄用“elder”，表示“年老的，年长的”，用做定

语，只用于比较两个人的长幼，只能作表语。

接下来又到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，你准备好了吗？

练习：

1.Tony is going camping with ___ boys.A.little two other B.two little other C.two other little D.little other two 2.Which is the _______country, Japan or Australia? A.more developed B.more developing C.most developed D.most developing 3.－ How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

－ It was great.We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.A.few last sunny

B.last few sunny C.last sunny few D.few sunny last 4.The books are not ________ to be published.A.enough intersting B.interesting enough C.so interesting D.too interesting 5.What's your _______sports? A.the most favorite B.most favorite C.favorite D.the favorite 6.There's ________ with the recorder A.anything wrong B.wrong anything C.something wrong D.wrong something 7.His sister is _______than he.A.younger five years

B.five years younger C.five year younge D.five younger years 8.－We should speak English in and after class.－Yes, _____, ________.A.more , better B.the more, the bette C.much, better D.the often, the better 9.The old man lives alone, he feels ________.A.alone B.lonely C.lone D.alonely 10.I think bananas are ________of all the fruits.A.delicious B.much delicious C.more delicious D.the most delicious

实战：

第二篇：初中英语必会词组,句法,语法,和练习题

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 初中英语（新课标版）中考总复习冲刺材料

【初中英语词组总结】(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump（比较级 and 比较级）

表示越来越怎么样a piece of cake =easy

小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb

赞成某人 all kinds of 各种各样

a kind of 一样 all over the world = the whole world

整个 世界 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers

学生同老师们一起种树As soon as

一怎么样就怎么样as you can see 你是知道的 ask for ……求助

向…要…（直接接想要的东西）

eg :

ask you for my book

ask sb for sth

向某人什么ask sb to do sth

询问某人某事

ask sb not to do

叫某人不要做某事at the age of

在……岁时

eg：I am sixteen

I am at the age of sixteen at the beginning of ……

……的起初；……的开始 at the end of +地点/+时间

最后；尽头；末尾

eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year

在每年的这个时候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句

感觉/对什么有信心，自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English

I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing

表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）

能够……

eg :

She is able to sing

She can sing be able to do sth

能够干什么

eg :she is able to sing be afraid to do(of sth

恐惧，害怕……

eg : I'm afraed to go out at night

I'm afraid of dog be allowed to do

被允许做什么

eg:

I'm

allowed

to

watch

TV

我被允许看电视

I

should

be

allowed

to

watch

TV

我应该被允许看电视 be angry with sb

生某人的气

eg : Don't be angry with me

be angry with(at)sb for doing sth

为什么而生某人的气 be as…原级…as

和什么一样

eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高be ashamed to

be away from 远离be away from

从……离开 be bad for

对什么有害

eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes

在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 30 be born

出生于

be busy doing sth

忙于做什么事

be busy with sth

忙于…… 32 be careful

当心；小心

be different from……

和什么不一样

be famous for

以……著名

be friendly to sb

对某人友好

be from = come from

来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ?

Does he come from Bejing ?

be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water

the glass is filled with water

be glad+to+do/从句

be going to + v(原）

将来时

be good at(+doing)= do well in

在某方面善长, 善于……

be good for

对什么有好处

eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

be happy to do

很高兴做某事

be helpful to sb

对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you

大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your bady

锻炼对你的身体有好处

be in good health

身体健康

be in trouble

处于困难中

eg : She is in trouble

They are in tronble

be interested in

对某方面感兴趣

be late for = come late to 迟到

eg: Be late for class

上课迟到

be like

像……

eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at

生某人的气

be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of

由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

be not sure 表不确定

be on a visit to

参观

be popular with sb

受某人欢迎

be quiet

安静 56 be short for

表**的缩写

eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

be sick in bed

生病在床

be sorry to do sth

be sorry for sb

eg : I am sorry for you

be sorry to hear that

be sorry to trouble sb

eg : I am sorry to trouble you

be strict in doing

sth

严于做某事

eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb

对某人要求严格

eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

be strict with sb in sth

某方面对某人严格

be supposed to do

被要求干什么

be sure 表确定

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning

I am sure of learning English well

be sure of sth

对做某事有信心

eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher

我相信我的大脑（老师）

be sure that sth

对做某事有信心

eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test

我相信他能通过考试

be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……

be terrified to do sth

害怕做某事

be the same as …

和什么一样

be used to doing sth

习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class

他习惯上课睡觉

be worth doing

值得做什么

be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

because+句子

because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache

He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事

start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song

I begin to go home

between…and…

两者之间

borrow sth from sb

向……借……

lend sth to sb(lend sb sth

借给……什么东西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him

he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen

both = the same(as)= not different(from)

表相同

bother

打扰

bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks

这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He's bothering me to lend him money

by the end of

到……为止

call sb sth

eg : We call him old wang

care

关心

eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来

catch up with sb

赶上某人

chat with sb

和某人闲谈

take sb to + 地点

带某人去某地

come in

进

come over to

过来

come up with

提出

eg: Can you come up with a good idea

你能想出一个好办法吗？

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing

考虑做什么

eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou

为什么不考虑去泸州？

dance to

随着……跳舞

eg : She likes dancing to the music

她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

decide to do sth 决定做某事

do a survey of

做某方面的调查

do better in

在……方面做得更好

do wrong

做错

Don't forget to do sth

不要忘了做某事

Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词

不要介意……

each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books

每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing

enjoy +doing喜欢

escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来

expect to do sth

期待做某事

fall down

摔下来 fall off

从哪摔下来

fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

far from

离某地远

eg : The school is far from my home

find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting

finish 完成+doing（名词）

fit to sb = be fit for sb

适合某人

forget to do 没有做而忘了

forget doing

做了而又忘了

eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door

from…to…

从某某到某某

eg: From me for her

get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut

我理了发(头发被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out

汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）

get a part-time job= find a part-time job

get along well with sb = get on well with sb

与某人相处得好

get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble

给某人麻 119 get sb to do sth

get…from… 从某处得到某物

give a talk

做报告

eg:

He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth

给某人某物

go fish 钓鱼

go swimming 游泳

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 124 go on to do

去做下一件事

go on doing

继续做这件事

go out away from

go out of

go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）

good way to

好方法

hate to do

讨厌没做过的事

hate doing

讨厌做过的事

have a party for sb

举办谁的晚会

have a talk

听报告

谈一谈

have been doing 现在完成进行时

eg :

You have been talking

You have been sleeping since

have been to …（地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方）

去了某地还没回来

have fun +doing

玩得高兴

have sth to do

有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do

我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do

我没什么事情做

have to do sth

必须做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth

做什么事情有麻烦

have…time +doing

have…(时间)…off

放……假

eg: I have month off

我请一个月得假

hear sb +do/doing

听见某人做某事/正在做某事

help a lot

很大用处

help sb with sth one's sth

帮助某人某事（某方面）

help sb(to)do sth

帮助某人做某事

hope to do sth

希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)

how do you like

= what do you think of

你对什么的看法

if : 是否＝wether

eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party

我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time

tomorrow morning

他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句

eg:

I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain

假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know

假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year

如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国

in one's opinion = sb think

某人认为

in some ways

在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)

最后

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 150 in the north of…

什么在什么的北方

（north 北

sowth 南

west 西

east 东）

151 in the sun

在太阳下

152 increase

增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3%

他们把石油价增加了3%

the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of

+（名）代替

eg:

I'd like an apple instead of a pear

我想要苹果，而不要梨子

I like English instead of math

我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb

介绍某人给某人

introduce oneself

自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth

邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth

做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework

It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth

对某人来说做某事怎么样

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb

对于某人来说怎么样

It's

+adj

of

sb

对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样

It's +adj of sb to do sth

对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth

对……

来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要

eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth

It's time for sth

到了该去做某事的时间

eg : It's time to have class

It's time for class

该去上课了

164 join = take part in

参加

165 just now

刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语

让什么保持什么样？

167 keep out

不让 …… 进入

168 keep sb adj

让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy

keep healthy

保持健康

169 key to +名词

表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to…

anser

to …

key

可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at… 取笑……

eg : Don't langh at others

We langhed at the joke

172 learn by oneslfe

自学

173 learn from sb

向某人学习

eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth

学做某事

175 let sb do sth

让某人做某事

176 Let sb down

让某人失望

eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down

我们不应该让我们的父母失望

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方

居住在某地

eg: I live in LuZhou

She lives at XuanTan

179 look after = take care of

照顾 照看

180 lose one's way

谁 迷 路

eg : Lose your way

你迷路

181 make a decision to do sth

决定做某事

182 make friends with sb

和谁成为朋友

eg :

I want to make friends with you

183 make it early

把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself

让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n

使什么成为什么

eg

: I made her my step moller

I made you my wife

186 make sb /sth +adj

使某人（某物）怎么样

eg :

You must made your bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj

使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth

让某人做某事

eg : I made him write 我以前让他写

189 make up

be made up of(被动语态）由……组成190 make…difference

to…

191 mind sb to do

mind one's doing

介意……做什么

192 most +名

most of +代

193 much too +形容词

194 must be

一定

195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth

需要某人做某事

197 need to do(实义动词）

need do(情态动词）

198 no /neithr of hate to do

no /neithr of hate doing

199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more

再也不……

eg: He didn't cry any more

He cried no more

他再也不哭

201 not…(形、副）at all

eg: He's not tall at all

she doesn't junp far at all

202 not…at all 一点都不

203 not…either

表否定，也不

eg : I don't japanse either

I don't have sister, either

我也没有姐姐

204 not…until

直到……才……

eg:

I didn't sleep until my mother came back

The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar

205 offer / provide sb with sth

给某人提供

206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb

提供什么东西给某人

eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you

我给你提供水

207 on one's way to…

在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand

一方面

on the other hand

另一方面

209 on the phone = over the phone

用电话交谈

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 210 on time 准时

in time

及时

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday

一天，有一天

212 one of +可数名词的复数形式

213 one to another

一个到另一个

214 over and over agin

一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin

215 part-time job

兼职工作

fall-time job

全职工作

216 pay for…

付……钱

pay the bill

开钱

，付钱

217 please +do

218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb

220 pool into = pore into

221 practice +doing

练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth

相对……更喜欢……

eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理

prefer doing to sth

更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…

eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving

他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车

prefer to do sth rather than do sth

宁愿做…也不愿

eg:

My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one

我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车

prefer sb not to do sth

更愿意…

eg: I prefer her not to come

我不喜欢她不来

223 pretend to do sth

装着去做什么

pretend that

从句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard

这两个骗子装着努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer

他装着不知道答案

224 rather…than

宁可……也不……

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher

我愿肯当医生，也不当老师

He likes dogs rather than cats

他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫

225 regard…as

把……当作……

eg: Please give my best regards to your family

请带我向你的家人我最好的问候

I regard you as my friend

我把你当作我的朋友

He shows little regard for others

他不爱关心别人

226 remid sb about sth

提醒某人什么事

remid sb to do sth

提醒某人做某事

eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook

他提醒我做饭

227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days

这照片使我想起了我的学校

the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb

还什么东西给某人

229 say to oneself

对自己说

230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend somemoney on sth

花了多少钱在某事上

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 232 sb spend sometime with sb

花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth

花了多少时间做某事

234 sb with sb +is

sb and sb +are

235 see sb do

看见某人做过某事

see sb doing

看见某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj

显得怎么样

eg :

You seem to be tired

You seem to be happy

237 send +sb sth

送给某人某物

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使……震惊

eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock

啊，是你呀！吓我一跳

240 show sb sth

向某人展示某物

eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb

拿什么东西给某人看

eg:

Show me your pen

Show your pen to me

242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物

eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others…

一些……另一些……

244 start…with…

从……开始

begin…with…

从……开始

245 stay away from

远离……

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo

当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food

徒工你想减肥，你最好远离甜食

246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth

阻止某人做某事

248 stop sb(from)doing

阻止某人做某事

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250 such +名

这样

，这种

251 suit sb

适合某人

252 surprise sb

使某人惊奇

to one's surprise

令某人惊奇

253 take classes

上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去

eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk

散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说

eg : I talk to you

② talk with

和谁说

eg : I talk with him

③ talk of

谈到

eg : we talked of you

④ talk

about

谈论关于…… 257 talk with sb

和某人说话

258 teach sb sth

教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

260 tell sb sth

tell sb that 丛句

tell sb not to do sth

tell a story

261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 262 tell sb to do sth

告诉某人做什么

tell sb not to do sth

告诉某人不要做什么

263 tell…from…

264 thank you for +doing

265 the same +名词(doing)+as……

266 the same…(名)…as

as…(adj adv)…as

相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方

去哪的路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English

Do you know the way of learning English

268 the way to…（地点）

到哪的

269 too…to…

太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句

eg: He is too young to go to school

=

He is so young that he can't go to school

He is old enough to go to school

＝ He is so old that he can go to school

270 transalte ……into……

把什么翻译成什么

eg : Trasalte English into chinese

271 travel with sb和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well

273 try to do sth

想干什么，但没成功

try doing sth

想干什么，已经做过了

eg ：He tried to climb

他想爬上去，但没成功

He tried climbing

他想爬上去，已经做过了

274 try…试衣服 have a try

试一下

275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up

开大

276 turn off 关上 ←→

turn on 打开 open

拆开

277 upside down

倒着

278 visit to„ 参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

【初中英语语法总结】 【1 一般现在时的用法 】

1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七点离开家。

2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：The earth moves around the sun.地球绕太阳转动。Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。

3）表示格言或警句。例如:Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:I don't want so much.我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.把糖放入杯子。

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 I am doing my homework now.我正在做功课。

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 播。

c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3）be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4）be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如:He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

【5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。】例如： If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.【6 be to和be going to】

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如： I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）【7 一般现在时表将来 】

1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。

2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：

Here comes the bus.= The bus is coming.车来了。

There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing.铃响了。

3）在时间或条件句中。例如：When Bill comes（不是will come）, ask him to wait for me.比尔来后，让他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了那里，就写信给你。

4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：I hope they have a nice time next week.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

【8 用现在进行时表示将来 】

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？

【9 现在完成时 】

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have（has）+过去分词。【10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时】

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。

共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

4）一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等 例如：I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）Why did you get up so early?（强调起床的动作已发生过了）Who hasn't handed in his paper?（强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）He has been in the League for three years.（在团内的状态可延续）He has been a League member for three years.（是团员的状态可持续）

5）句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.【11.比较since和for 】

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：

I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。

I have lived here since I was born.我从出生起就住在这儿了。

注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years.（我现在已不在这里工作。）

I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）

注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。

（对）Tom has studied Russian for three years.= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.（错）Harry has got married for six years.= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.显然，葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）

2）用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做……直到……” 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”。例如：He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他到10 点才回来。He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10点。

【14.用一般过去时代替过去完成时】

1）两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如:When she saw the mouse，she screamed.她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。）两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 3).under表示“在……下”。例如：

under the tree 在树下

under the chair 在椅子下

under the bed 在床下

4).behind表示“在……后面”。例如：

behind the door 在门后

behind the tree 在树后

5).near表示“在……附近”。例如：

near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近

near the bed 在床附近

6).at表示“在……处”。例如：

at school 在学校

at home 在家

at the door 在门口

7).of 表示“……的”。例如：

a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画

a map of China 一张中国地图

2.冠词 a / an / the:

冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book;an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。

This is a cat.这是一只猫。

It's an English book.这是一本英语书。His father is a worker.他的爸爸是个工人。

the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。

Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？

------What can you see in the classroom?-------你能在教室里看到什么呀？

------I can see a bag.------我能看见一个书包。------Where's the bag?------书包在哪呀？

------It's on the desk.------在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如：

There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。

Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。

②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如：

Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？

Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？

There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。

⑵记住它们的特殊用法。

①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如：Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？

②any也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何的”。例如：

Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。

4.family

family看作为一个整体时，意思是“家庭”，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。

My family is a big family.我的家庭是个大家庭。

My family are all at home now.我的家人现在都在家。

Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。house指“家”、“房屋”，侧重居住的建筑本身。

His family are all workers.他的家人都是工人。My home is in Beijing.我的家在北京。

He isn't at home now.他现在不在家。It's a picture of my family.这是一张我全家的照片。

5.little的用法

a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。

*但little还可表示否定意义，意为“少的”，加不可数名词。

There is little time.几乎没时间了。There is little water in the cup.杯中水很少。

⑵ 词组

on the desk 在桌子上

behind the chair 在椅子后

under the chair 在椅子下面

in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中

near the door 在门附近

a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片

look at the picture 看这张图片

the teacher's desk 讲桌

a map of China 一张中国地图

family tree 家谱

have a seat 坐下，就坐

this way 这边走

二.日常用语

1.Come and meet my family.2.Go and see.I think it's Li Lei.3.Glad to meet you.4.What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books.5.Can you see an orange? Yes, I can./ No, I can't.6.Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong Kong.7.Let me see.（口语）让我想想看。

see 在这是“明白、懂了”，不可译作“看见”。例如：

8.Please have a seat.seat表示“座位”，是个名词。have a seat表示“就坐”，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。

三.语法

1.名词所有格

名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为“……的”。一般有以下几种形式：

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28（1）.一般情况下在词尾加“'s”。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸

my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友

（2）.如果复数名词以s结尾，只加“'”。例如：

Teachers' Day 教师节

The boys' game 男孩们的游戏

（3）.如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加“'s”。例如：

Children's Day 儿童节

Women's Day 妇女节

（4）表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如：

Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间

Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸

动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加“'s”，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。

a map of China 一幅中国地图

the name of her cat 她的猫的名字

a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片

the door of the bedroom 卧室的门

2.祈使句

祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。

（1）.祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。

Go and see.去看看。

Come in, please.请进。

（2）.祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。

Don't look at your books.不要看书。

Don't play on the road.不要在马路上玩。

3.There be 的句子结构

There be是一个“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定，看be后边

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？

---There's only one./ There are nine.只有一个。/有九个。

（4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？

How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？

How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？ 【课题专练】

专题

一、英语构词法汇总及练习

一.概念

英语的构词法主要有:合成法,转化法,派生法,混成法,截短法和词首字母缩略法.二.相关知识点精讲 1.转化法

英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。

1)动词转化为名词

很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：

①Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。

②He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。

③Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。

2)名词转化为动词

很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。例如：

①Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗?

②Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。

③She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。

④We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

3)形容词转化为动词

有少数形容词可以转化为动词。例如：

We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。

4)副词转化为动词

有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如：

Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。

5)形容词转化为名词

表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。例如：

You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。

The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。2.派生法

在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。

1)前缀

除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。

(1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如：

appear出现→disappear消失 correct正确的→incorrect不正确的 lead带领→mislead领错 stop停下→non-stop不停

(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti-(反对；抵抗), auto-(自动), co-(共同), en-(使), inter-(互相), re-(再；又), sub-(下面的；次；小), tele-(强调距离)等。例如：

alone单独的antigas防毒气的 autochart自动图表

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

cooperate合作enjoy使高兴 internet互联网reuse再用

subway地铁 telephone电话

2)后缀

英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。

(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/-or(从事某事的人),-ese(某地人)，-ess(雌性)，-ful(一„„)，-ian(精通„„的人)，-ist(专业人员)，-ment(性质；状态)，-ness(性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如：

differ不同于→difference区别 write写→writer作家

Japan日本→Japanese日本人 act表演→actress女演员

mouth口→mouthful一口 music音乐→musician音乐家

(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n(多用于形容词之后)，-fy(使„„化)，-ize(使„„成为)。例如：

wide→widen加宽 beauty→beautify美化

pure→purify提纯 real→realize意识到

organ→organize组织

(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，-able(有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en(多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern(方向的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less(表示否定)，-like(像„„的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y(表示天气)等。例如：

nature自然→natural自然的 reason道理→reasonable有道理的 America美国→American美国的 China中国→Chinese中国人的 gold金子→golden金的 east东→eastern东方的 child孩子→childish孩子气的 snow雪→snowy雪的

(4)构成副词的常用后缀有-ly(主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s)(主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)。例如：

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

angry生气的→angrily生气地

to到→towards朝„„，向„„ east东方→eastward向东

(5)构成数词的后缀有-teen(十几)，-ty(几十)，-th(构成序数词)。例如：

six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

名词＋过去分词man-made人造的 数词＋名词one-way单行的

数词＋名词＋形容词two-year-old两岁的 数词＋名词＋ed five-storeyed五层的 动词＋副词see-through透明的 形容词＋名词high-class高级的 形容词＋名词＋ed noble-minded高尚的 形容词＋形容词light-blue浅蓝色的 形容词＋现在分词good-looking相貌好看的 副词＋形容词ever-green常青的 副词＋现在分词hard-working勤劳的 副词＋过去分词well-known著名的 副词＋名词fast-food专门提供快餐服务的 介词＋名词downhill下坡的 3)合成动词

名词＋动词sleep-walk梦游

形容词＋动词white-wash粉刷

副词＋动词overthrow推翻

4)合成副词

形容词＋名词hotfoot匆忙地

形容词＋副词everywhere到处

副词＋副词however尽管如此

介词＋名词beforehand事先

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

介词＋副词forever永远

5)合成代词

代词宾格＋self herself她自己

物主代词＋self myself我自己

形容词＋名词anything任何东西

6)合成介词

副词＋名词inside在„„里面

介词＋副词within在„„之内

副词＋介词into进入 4.截短法(缩略法)

截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。

1)截头

telephone→phone aeroplane→plane omnibus→bus

2)去尾

mathematics→maths co-operate→co-op examination→exam

kilogram→kilo laboratory→lab taxicab→taxi

3)截头去尾

influenza→flu refrigerator→fridge prescription→script 5.混合法(混成法)

混合法，即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体；前半部分表示属性。

news broadcast→newscast新闻广播

television broadcast→telecast电视播送

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

smoke and fog→smog烟雾

helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场 6.首尾字母缩略法

首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。

very important person→VIP(读字母音)要人；大人物

television→TV(读字母音)电视

Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福 专题

二、英语语法汇总及练习

动词的时态:

初中英语的动词时态主要有五种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,现在完成时.1.一般现时的用法：主要由动词原形表示，但在

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 She has lived here since 1991.从一九九一年起她就住在这里。时 态 常用的时间副词 一般现在时 every(year,otherday ,twodays,week,month…),often ,always,usually ,sometimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 一般过去时 last week, just now,yesterday, yeaterday morning ,the day before yesterday,then, at that moment,(a few days)ago，一般将来时 tomorrow, next month, in two days, 现在进行时 now

现在完成时 since ,for（one year….）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years, …before.so far

被动语态：

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。Be有人称，数量和时态变化。

一般现在时：be(is am are)+及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：be(was were)+ 及物动词的过去分词

情态动词的过去分词：情态动词+be +及物动词的过去分词

宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由下列词引导，1.由 that 引导（that在口语中可省略）

He said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.She said(that)she would leave a message on his desk.He was afraid that he would forget his Chinese.2.接连接代词或连接副词引导.(what.who.which.whose /where, when ,how ……).Do you know what time the train leaves? Can you tell me which class you are in ? I wanted to know where we should show our tickets.3.whether 或if 引导

Lily wanted to know if it would rain the next day.She asked if they would go to the park this Sunday.*在选择疑问句中，或与or not 连用时，必须用whether而不能用if。

变宾语从句需要注意以下几点：

a． 时态变化： 主句是一般现在时，从句可以是任何时态

主句是过去时，从句必须是过去时态的一种

主句是将来时，从句必须是一般现在时。

B．人称变化：不常用 如：He asked me.“Are you a teacher？” He asked me if I was a teacher。

C．语序变化：Where is Mike ？ Do you know？ Do you know where Mike is ？ Practise ：

1． He said.The boy is a clever boy.2． He is sure.His team can beat them

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 3． He was afraid.It will be windy tomorrow.4． He said.The lost book was founded.5． He hopes ….He will be able to pass the exam.6． He asked …..When will the bus arrive？

7． Mother asked her son ….Whose pen are you using? 8． The children said…..we enjoy ourselves very much.9． The boy asked me …..Have you heard any noise from outside ?

10.Do you know ….Which way must we take to ? 11.I don’t know …..Why is he late for the meeting? 12.Do you remember …When did he die?

13.Nobody knows … When will he come back? 14.Do you know … What are they looking for?

15.He asked me … How long does it take to walk to school? 16.Father asked me … What is wrong with you ? 17.I didn’t know …He is going to have a boy.18.They never asked … Will it be a boy or a girl ? 19.He didn’t know … population is a big problem.20.I thought … He will come back soon.21.He asked me …Which TV programme will you watch ? 22.I don’t know …Will it grow fast?

23.Lily asked … Can the man help them

24.Mother asked Do they have a cheaper one? 25.She asked Lucy … Do you need some more tea ?

26.The teacher asked us … Do you have any questions ? 27.He asked … What did Lucy say ? 28.She didn’t know… Who was in the room ? 29.They wanted know … What is in the stockings? 30.He asked… What is his present? 31.He asked … Did Jim have a good journey home? 32.He wanted to know … Was it warm in Moscow ? 33.He asked …Where is Jack?

34.He wanted to know … What has happened? 35.He asked … Is anybody hurt ?

时间状语从句：常用下列词语 when、after、before、as soon as、(not)until、since 关于主、从句的时态关系与宾语从句一致

1.I was doing my homework when he came in.2.I will write to you as soon as I get there.3.I will finish the cooking before my mother comes back.4.I didn`t go to bed until my mother returned home

条件状语从句： 1.We won`t go to the park if it rains tomorrow.2.If you have lost the book , you must pay for it.原因状语从句：常用下列词语 because , for , as , so

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 1.I am late because I missed the train.2.He was lazy so he didn`t pass the exam.【中考冲刺英语课题专练】（共19讲）【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别—my的后面一定要接名词，不可以单独出现，只能做定语，如：my father；而 mine则是名词性，只能单独出现，在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green.It's mine.记住这两个句子，凡是名词性物主代词（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine的位置上了。这样，通过它们出现的位置不同，我们就可以把它们区别开了。

代词的

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 形容词级别问题：

a.Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。（我们的教室是他们的两倍。）这种表示倍数的句子用 „times +形容词比较级+than „ 这样的格式。你记住了吗？

b.I'm three years older than you.（我比你大三岁。）表示“大三岁，”“高二厘米”等时用“表示数量词的词+比较级”。

c.“越来越„„”用“比较级+and +比较级”来表示。如：The earth is getting warmer and warmer。（地球变得越来越暖和。）

d.“越„„就越„„”用“the +比较级„，the+比较级„”来表示。如： The busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越觉得高兴。)

最高级用法的用法就很简单了，提醒你一点，最高级要用于三者以上。还有几点是不得不提的：

alone 和lonely：I feel lonely, because I am alone at home.你独自一人在家用

“alone” 表示“单独的”、“独自一人的”，它表示一个客观事实，在句中只能做表语。你在家感到寂寞，用“lonely”，表示主观上感到 “孤独”“寂寞”，指一种悲伤忧郁的情绪，可作定语和表语。

older和elder: Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用“older”，表示“年纪大的，年老的”，常用做表语；他是我的长兄用“elder”，表示“年老的，年长的”，用做定语，只用于比较两个人的长幼，只能作表语。

接下来又到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，你准备好了吗？

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 了工作。）如果before单独使用，是泛指“以前”，常常和完成时连用。如：I have seen the film before.（我以前没看过这部电影。）

farther 和 further:

far 有两种比较级，farther，further.在英语中两者都可指距离。如： He runs farther than she does.（他比她跑得远。）在美语中，farther 表示距离，further表示进一步。如： I have nothing further to say.（我没什么要说的了。）

至于副词的比较级和最高级问题，参照形容词的就OK了。

试试趁热打铁如何？

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 yesterday.（强调“我见他正干活”这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

又到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，好学的你准备好了吗? 【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 birthday，on the morning of July 16th，on a spring afternoon。in表达的范围更大一些。与世纪、年代、季节、月份以及早上、上午、晚上等连用。如：in the seventh century，in 1950's ,in 2000, in the morning等。

for,since：for表示多长时间。since后接时间起点,其终点往往为现在，常与完成时连用。牢牢记住哟。

after, in ：这两个介词都可以表示时间“在以后”的意思。其区别是：after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。

by，with，in：by表示“以...的方式，方法，手段” 和 “乘某种交通工具”；with指“借助于具体的手段或工具”；in 表示“以......方式，用语言，文字等媒介”。

for和of：试比较：It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock.It's kind of you to help me.两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定,一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。

好，又到了趁热打铁的时间了，来检测一下你的学习成效如何？

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 studying now.我们现在正在学习。

一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示过去时间的状语连用。注意：We often went to dance last summer.有的同学一见到often就想到用一般现在时，其实因为后面有表示过去时间的 last summer,所以要用过去式，千万别误用了，切记，切记。

过去进行时：显然过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在做什么，常和特定的时间状语如at that time，at six yesterday，at that moment，when he came in等连用。如： When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来时间状语如 next year,tomorrow等连用。注意：在Will you....?问句中，回答必须是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall.No, I shan't.来回答过去将来时：过去将来时不可以单独使用，它一般在宾语从句中作间接引语，表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.现在完成时：顾名思义，现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作，但动作造成的影响还在，常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。如：He has already gone to Tianjin.对现在造成的影响是他已经不在这儿了。现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since等表示一段时间的状语。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，我们常用“过”来表示，常带有twice, once, ever, never等时间状语。如：I've never seen that film.过去完成时：我们可以用“过去的过去”来概括过去完成时，表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，通常与by,before等构成的短语或when, before, after引导的从句连用。也可表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for或since构成的时间状语连用。用法和现在完成时大致相同，只不过又向前推了一个时态。

八个时态可能得让你好好对付一阵子，但细细学来，也并不困难。不信吗? 试试趁热打铁你就知道了。

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 作之前已完成的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”。当强调过去某一动作发生在某一动作之前时，常用此时态。

如： He had finished his homework before nine o'clock.九点之前他已经完成了作业。实际上，一般现在时和过去完成时常搭配使用。如： When he got home, his daughter had already gone to bed.当他到家的时候，他的女儿早已去睡觉了。

在带有after和before引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如：He called on me soon after he had finished his homework.他做完作业后不久便来拜访我。也可以说： He called on me soon after he finished his homework.【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28

陈述部分有had better + v.疑问句部分用hadn't you?

如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语.如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

主语是everyone，someone，anyone，no one等不定代词时，多用they 指代.如：Everyone is here，aren't they?(所有的人都来了吗?)

主语是everything，something，anthing，nothing时，用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

陈述部分是“there be”结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。主句的谓语动词的时态如果是过去时态，宾语从句谓语动词的时态要选用相应的过去某一种形式。

如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，事实时，即使主句是过去式，从句仍用一般现在时。

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 后面所跟的词的发音就可轻易判断。the 则难一些，但只要知道用the 则必特指，大多数题也就迎刃而解了。当然还有不用冠词的时候。

句中单复数的对应关系，其中包括名词、代词的单复数形式，并不是很难理解，考试时细心一些就可以了。肯定句、疑问句的相互变换时，更要特别注意到这一点。

动词词组的含义、用法，要是没有掌握得很好，则针对每一词组的不同用法记忆一组例句，到时候套用可保万无一失。

初

二、初三的英语中有了时态、句中词序的变化，复习时多加对比，考时跟着感觉走。

初中英语的阅读理解部分，并不涉及词语的隐讳含义或双关等。因此只要阅读速度不是很慢，平时所积累的词汇量够用就行。万一你的速度赶不上去，考试可先读题，后读文章，读时抓住与问题相关的内容点就行。

【

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 修饰。例如：

（1）There were _____ students in our school．

A．hundreds B．eight hundred C．eight hundreds of

（2）There is _____ water．You needn't get some more．

A．few B．little C．much 解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，（2）由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。

3．注意不定代词的用法。

（1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge．（2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如：There is something interesting in today's newspaper．

4．There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。

如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？

但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isn't there？

5．要注意句子前后意思的一致性。

有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：（1）There is _____ food．You needn't buy any．（2）There is _____ food．You have to buy some．（A．any B．some C．no）从这两题中的

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 子破了。（系表结构）

The window is broken by him．窗子被他打破了。（被动语态）

2）用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被 so，very，too等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very，too修饰，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修饰。试比较：

He was very interested in science．他对科学有极大兴趣。（系表结构）

I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn't know what to do．我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。（被动语态）

F．牢记（相关）句型

初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有：

1．be covered with被„„覆盖

2．be made of由„„制作（发生物理变化）

be made from由„„制作（发生化学变化）be made in由（某地）制造

be made by被（某人）制造

3．be used for被用来„„

be used as被当作（作为）„„来使用

be used to do sth．被用来做某事

4．It is said that．．．据说„„

It is hoped that．．．希望„„

It is well known that．．．众所周知„„例如：

初中英语词组总结 1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2（比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 赞成某人 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界 along with同„„一道，伴随„„ eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 ask for „„求助 向„要„（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 at the age of 在„„岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of „„ „„的起初；„„的开始 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）能够„„ eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do(of sth 恐惧，害怕„„ eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at)sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 be as„原级„as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从„„离开 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于„„ 32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from„„ 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以„„著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满„„的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时

be good at(+doing)= do well in 在某方面善长, 善于„„

be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康

be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像„„ eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的气

be made from 由„„制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由„„制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 be not sure 表不确定 53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试

be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕„„ 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as „ 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句 76 because+句子 because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start„with„=begin„with„ 以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between„and„ 两者之间

borrow sth from sb 向„„借„„ lend sth to sb(lend sb sth 借给„„什么东西 eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen 80 both = the same(as)= not different(from)表相同 81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了 He's bothering me to lend him money 82 by the end of 到„„为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来

catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地

come in 进88 come over to 过来

come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？ 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？

dance to 随着„„跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞 93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在„„方面做得更好

do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意„„

each +名（单）每一个„eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从„„逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词）

fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from„to„ 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做„eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）

get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好

get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth 120 get„from„ 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳 124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法

hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事

have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈 131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to „(地方）„„去过某过地方 have gone to „（地方）去了某地还没回来

have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做

have to do sth 必须做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦 137 have„time +doing 138 have„(时间)„off 放„„假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用处

help sb with sth one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb(to)do sth 帮助某人做某事

hope to do sth 希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 会

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国

in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为 148 in some ways 在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)最后

in the north of„ 什么在什么的北方（north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东）151 in the sun 在太阳下 152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3% the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of +（名）代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子 I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍 155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样 158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English 161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对„„ 来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间 eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了 164 join = take part in 参加 165 just now 刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？ 167 keep out 不让 „„ 进入

168 keep sb adj 让„„保持„„ eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案 170 key to„ anser to „ key 可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at„ 取笑„„ eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 172 learn by oneslfe 自学

173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth 学做某事 175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望

177 live from :离某地远 178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan 179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看

180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路 181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 183 make it early 把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写 189 make up be made up of(被动语态）由„„组成 190 make„difference to„

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意„„做什么 192 most +名 most of +代

193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do(实义动词）need do(情态动词）198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more 再也不„„ eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not„(形、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all

202 not„at all 一点都不 203 not„either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐

204 not„until 直到„„才„„

eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供 206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you 我给你提供水

207 on one's way to„ 在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 210 on time 准时 in time 及时

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天 212 one of +可数名词的复数形式 213 one to another 一个到另一个

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作 216 pay for„ 付„„钱 pay the bill 开钱，付钱 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相对„„更喜欢„„ eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理 prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做„不愿意去做„ eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做„也不愿

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意„ eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来 223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作 He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案 224 rather„than 宁可„„也不„„

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师 He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫 225 regard„as 把„„当作„„

eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候 I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友 He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校 the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人 229 say to oneself 对自己说 230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth 花了多少时间做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物 238 send„to„把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使„„震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！吓我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some„others„ 一些„„另一些„„

244 start„with„ 从„„开始 begin„with„ 从„„开始 245 stay away from 远离„„

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥，你最好远离甜食

246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 248 stop sb(from)doing 阻止某人做某事 249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事 250 such +名 这样，这种 251 suit sb 适合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇 253 take classes 上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him ③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于„„ 257 talk with sb 和某人说话 258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事 259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么 263 tell„from„

264 thank you for +doing 265 the same +名词(doing)+as„„

266 the same„(名)„as as„(adj adv)„as 相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to„（地点）到哪的269 too„to„ 太怎样而不能„„adj +enough to 足够„能„ so„that +丛句

葫芦岛六中中考复习材料（供内部使用）

2013-3-28 eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school ＝ He is so old that he can go to school 270 transalte „„into„„ 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了

eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已经做过了

274 try„试衣服 have a try 试一下 275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大 276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开 277 upside down 倒着 278 visit to„ 参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

第三篇：初中英语as常用词组

初中英语as常用词组As---as象----一样

As---above如上所述，如上

As----asever 依旧，总是

Asfar as到--为止

Asfor就---而论

Asfrom从----时起

Asif 好像

As itis但事实上，其实

As it were似乎，好像，简直是As regards关于

As---so象---那样

As thing are按目前状况

As---to就---而论

As---well同样

Aswellas也

Asyet现在还

So as to以便，为了要。

第四篇：初中英语词组归纳

初中英语词组归纳 介词 + 名词形式 `第一组

by accident 偶然

on account of 因为，由于in addition 另外

in addition to 除 …… 之外in the air 在流行中，在传播中

on(the/an)average平均，一般来说on the basis of 根据，在 …… 的基础上at(the)best 充其量，至多for the better 好转，改善

on board 在船(车、飞机)上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公，因事

in any case 无论如何，总之in case of 假使，万一

in case 假如，以防(万一)免得in no case 决不第二组

by chance 偶然，碰巧

in charge(of)负责，主管

(a)round the clock 昼夜不停地in common 共用，共有，共同in conclusion 最后，总之

on condition that 在 …… 条件下in confidence 信任

in connection with/to 关于in consequence 因此，结果

in consequence of 由于 …… 的缘故on the contrary 反之，正相反

in contrast with/to 与 …… 成对照out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住at all costs 不惜任何代价at the cost of 以 …… 为代价第三组

in the course of 在 …… 过程中，在 …… 期间

of course 当然，自然，无疑in danger 在危险中，垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期(时)的up to date 时新的in debt 欠债in detail 详细地

in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下班

on duty 值班，上班on earth 究竟，到底at all events 无论如何in any event 无论如何in effect 有效；实际上第四组

in the event of 万一，如果发生for example 例如

with the exception of 除 …… 之外in the face of 面对，不顾，即使in fact 其实，实际上on fire 烧着on foot 步行

in force 有效；实施中

in favo(u)r of 有利于，赞成，支持 in front of 在 …… 面前

in(the)future 今后，将来on guard 警惕，防范in general 通常，大体上in half 成两半

at hand 在手边，在附近

from tip to toe 彻头彻尾，完全

by hand 用手 hand down to 往下传，传给(后代)第五组

hand in hand 手拉手，携手in hand 在掌握中，在控制中on hand 在手边，临近

on(the)one hand...一方面 ……，on the other hand...另一方面 ……at heart 在内心；实质上by heart 牢记，凭记忆

at home 在家，在国内；自在，自如in honor of 以纪念，向 …… 表示敬意on one's honor 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙地，立即for instance 例如，举例说at intervals 不时，时时at last 最终，终于

at least 至少，最低限度in the least 一点，丝毫第六组

at length 终于，最后；详细地in the light of 按照，根据in line 成一直线，排成一行

in line with 与 …… 一致，按照at a loss 困惑，不知所措

as a matter of fact 其实，事实上

by all means 无论如何，必定 by means of 借助于，用

by no means 决不in memory of 纪念

at the mercy of 在 …… 支配下by mistake 错误地

at the moment 现在，此刻for a moment 片刻，一会儿for the moment 现在，暂时

in a moment 立刻，马上第七组

in nature 本质上 on occasion 有时，不时in order 秩序井然，整齐in group to 以便，为了in group that 以便

out of order 发生故障，失调on one's own 独自地，独立地

in particular 特别地，尤其，详细地in the past 在过去，以往in person 亲自

in place 在适当的位置in place of 代替

in the first place 起初，首先in the last place 最后

out of place 不得其所的，不适当的on the point 即将 …… 的时候第八组

to the point 切中要害，切题in practice 在实际中，实际上out of practice 久不练习，荒疏at present 目前，现在for the present 目前，暂时

in proportion to(与 ……)成比例的in public 公开地，当众for(the)purpose of 为了on purpose 故意，有意with the purpose of 为了in question 正在考虑at random 随意地，任意地at any rate 无论如何，至少by reason of 由于as regards 关于，至于

with/in regard to 对于，就 …… 而论第九组

in/with relation to 关系到with respect to 关于as a result 结果，因此

as a result of 由于 …… 的结果in return 作为报答，作为回报on the road 在旅途中

as a rule 规章，规则；通常，照例in the long run 最终，从长远观点看for the sake of 为了 …… 起见on sale 出售；贱卖

on a large scale 大规模地on a small scale 小规模地in secret 秘密地，私下地in a sense 从某种意义上说in shape 处于良好状态

on the side 作为兼职，额外第十组

at first sight 乍一看，初看起来in sight 被看到，在望

out of sight 看不见，在视野之外in spite of 不管，不顾；尽管，虽然on the spot 当场，在现场in step 同步，合拍

out of step 步调不一致，不协调in stock 现有，备有in sum 总而言之

in tears 流着泪，含泪，哭

in terms of 依据，按照；用 …… 措词for one thing 首先，一则

on the second thoughts 经重新考虑，一转念at a time 每次，一次at no time 从不，决不

at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾第十一组

at the same time 但是，然而at times 有时

for the time being 目前，暂时from time to time 有时，不时in no time 立即，马上in time 及时，适时地on time 准时

on top of 在 …… 之上out of touch 失去联系

in truth 事实上，实际上，的确on try 试穿

by turns 轮流，交替地in turn 依次，轮流in vain 徒劳，无效

a variety of 种种，各种by virtue of 由于第十二组

by the way 顺便提一下，另外by way of 经由，通过 …… 方式in a way 在某点，在某种程度上in no way 决不in the way of 妨碍

in one's/the way 妨碍，阻碍after a while 过了一会，不久for a while 暂时，一时on the whole 总的来说in a word 总而言之

in other words 换句话说，也就是说at work 在工作，忙于out of work 失业

in the world 到底，究竟动词 + 名词形式第十三组

have/gain access to 可以获得take...into account 考虑

gain/have an advantage over 胜过，优于pay the way for 为 …… 铺平道路

take advantage of 利用，趁 …… 之机pay attention to 注意

do/try one's best 尽力，努力get the best of 胜过

make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理get the better of 打败，致胜catch one's breath 屏息，歇口气take care 小心，当心take care of 照顾，照料take a chance 冒险一试take charge of 担任，负责

keep company with 与 …… 交往，与 ……take delight in 以 …… 为乐with delight 欣然，乐意地第十四组

make a/the difference 有影响，很重要carry/bring into effect 使生效，使起作用put into effect 实行，生效come/go into effect 生效，实施take effect 生效，起作用catch one's eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意，照看make a face 做鬼脸find fault 埋怨，挑剔catch fire 着火

come/go into force 生效，实施make friends 交朋友，友好相处

be friends with 对 …… 友好，与 …… 交上朋友

make fun of 取笑，嘲弄keep one's head 保持镇静lost one's head 不知所措

第十五组

lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心get/learn by heart 记住，背诵get hold of 抓住，掌握

keep house 管理家务，做家务

throw/cast light on 使明白，阐明bear/keep in mind 记住

have in mind 记住，考虑到，想到make up one's mind 下决心

come/go into operation 使投入生产，使运转put in order 整理，检修

keep/hold pace with 跟上，与 …… 同步play a part 起作用take place 发生，进行take the place of 代替

come to the point 说到要点，扼要地说bring/carry into practice 实施，实行第十六组

make progress 进步，进展give rise to 引起，使发生make sense 讲得通，有意义

catch the sight of 发现，突然看见(go)on the stage 当演员

take one's time 不急不忙，从容进行keep in touch 保持联系

keep track 通晓事态，注意动向lose track 失去联系make use of 利用

put to use 使用，利用give way 让路，让步lead the way 带路，引路make one's way 前进，进行make way 让路，开路

keep one's word 遵守诺言第十七组act on 作用

appeal to 呼吁，要求attempt at 企图，努力

attitude to/towards 态度，看法a great/good deal of 大量(的)，许多(的)influence on 影响interference in 干涉

interference with 妨碍，打扰第十八组

introduce to 介绍

a lot(of)许多(的)，大量(的)lots of 大量，很多

fall in love with 相爱，爱上a matter of(关于 ……)的问题a number of 若干，许多reply to 回答，答复

a series of 一系列，一连串英语常考词语固定搭配(四)第十九组

trolley bus 电车I.D.card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑，必定next door 隔壁

out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地

as matter of fact 实际情况，真相a few 有些，几个

quite a few 还不少，有相当数目的a little 一点，稍微，一些，少许little by little 逐渐地quite a little 相当多，不少no matter 无论

the moment(that)一 …… 就no more 不再第二十组

fair play 公平竞赛；公平对待in demand 有需要，销路好

rest room 厕所，盥洗室primary school 小学

side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步ahead of time 提前

all the time 一直，始终once upon a time 从前

once in a while 偶尔，有时no wonder 难怪，怪不得word for word 逐字地

decline with thanks 婉言谢绝动词 + 介词形式第二十一组

account for 说明(原因等)aim at 瞄准，针对allow for 考虑到appeal to 呼吁，要求arrive at 达成，得出ask after 询问，问候ask for 请求，要求

attach to 附属于，隶属于begin with 从开始break into 闯入

break off 断绝，结束break through 突破

break up 中止，结束；打碎，折断bring about 带来，造成bring down 打倒，挫伤；降低bring forth 产生，提上第二十二组

bring forward 提出

bring out 使出现；公布；出版bring up 教育，培养，使成长

build up 积累；堵塞；树立，逐步建立；增进；锻炼

call for 邀请；要求；需求

call forth 唤起，引起；振作起，鼓起call off 放弃，取消catch at 抓住(东西)

call on/upon 访问，拜访；号召，呼吁call up 召集，动员；打电话

care for 照管，关心；喜欢，意欲carry off 夺去

carry on 继续下去；从事，经营carry out 贯彻，执行；实现come to 总计，达到；苏醒，复原count on 依靠；期待，指望count up 把 …… 相加第二十三组

cover up 掩饰，掩盖

cut across 走捷径，抄近路deal with 处理，对付，安排do without 没有 …… 也行fill in/out 填充，填写get at 得到，接近；意思是get into 进入，陷入go after 追求

go into 进入；研究，调查

go for 竭力想取得；喜爱；支持，拥护go through 经历，经受；详细检查go with 伴随，与 …… 协调go without 没有 …… 也行improve on 改进keep to 保持，坚持lie in 在于

live up to 不辜负第二十四组

live on/by 靠 …… 生活，以 …… 为食live through 度过，经受过look after 照管，照料look at 看望，注视look for 寻找，寻求

look into 调查，观察，过问；窥视look over 检查，查看，调查

look through 仔细查看，浏览，温习make for 走向，驶向；有助于occur to 被想到，被想起

play with 以 …… 为消遣，玩弄refer to 参考，查阅，涉及，提到run for 竞选

run into 撞上，偶然碰见

see to 注意，负责，照料，修理send for 派人去请，召唤；索取第二十五组

send in 呈报，递交，送来serve as 作为，用作

set aside 挑出，拨出，留出；拒绝sit for 参加

stand by 支持，帮助；袖手旁观stand for 代替，代表，意味着stand against 反抗，抵抗stick to 坚持，忠于，信守take after 与 …… 相像

take for 把 …… 认为是，把 …… 看成是take in 接受，吸收；了解，理解take to 喜欢，亲近touch on 关系到，涉及turn into 变成turn to 变成；求助于，借助于turn off 关上；出产；解雇动词 + 副词形式第二十六组

break down 损坏，分解，瓦解break in 闯入；打断，插嘴

break out 逃出；突然发生，爆发

bring to 使恢复知觉burn out 烧掉

burn up 烧起来，旺起来；烧完catch on 理解，明白check in 办理登记手续

check out 结账后离开；检验，核查check up(on)校对，检查，检验cheer up 使高兴，使振奋clear away 扫除，收拾clear up 收拾；澄清；放晴make it clear that 弄清楚come off 实现，成功，奏效

come on 请，来吧，快点；开始，出场，上演come out 出版；出现，显露；结果是

第二十七组

come round(around)来访，前来；苏醒，复原come through 经历，脱险

come up 走近，上来；发生，被提出cross out 删去，取消cut back 削减，减少cut down 削减，降低

cut in(汽车)抢道；插嘴，打断cut off 切断；删去；停止cut out 删除

cut short 突然停止

die down 渐渐消失，平息die out 消失，灭绝

draw in(火车、汽车)到站draw up 写上，画上；草拟；停住dress up 穿上盛装，打扮得很漂亮drop by/in 顺便来访dry out 干透，使干dry up 干涸，枯竭第二十八组

drop off 减弱，减少drop out 退出，离队fall behind 落后

fall out 争吵；结果是fall through 落空，失败feed in 输入find out 查明

get across 解释清楚，使人了解

get around/round 走动，旅行；(消息)传开get away 逃脱，离开get by 通过，经过

get down 从 …… 下来；写下get in 进入；收获，收集

get off 从 …… 下来；离开，动身，开始get over 克服；(从病中)恢复过来get through 结束，完成；接通电话have got to(do)不得不，必须第二十九组get together 集合，聚集get up 起床；增加，增强give away 泄露；分送give back 送还，恢复give in 交上；投降，屈服give off 放出，释放give out 分发，放出give up 停止，放弃

go ahead 开始，前进；领先go by 过去

go down 下降，降低；被载入，传下去go off 爆炸，发射；动身，离开go out 外出；熄灭

go over 检查，审查；复习，重温go round/around 足够分配

go under 下沉，沉没；失败；破产go through 通过，审查，完成第三十组

go up 上升，增加；建起

hand down 流传下来，传给，往下传hand in 交上，递交

hand on 传下来，依次传递hand out 分发，散发，发给hand over 交出，移交，让与hang about 闲荡，徘徊，逗留hang back 犹豫，踌躇，畏缩hang on 抓紧不放；继续下去hang up 挂断(电话)have back 要回，收回have on 穿着，戴着

hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制hold on 继续，握住不放

hold out 维持，支持；坚持，不屈服hold up 举起，阻挡，使停止；抢劫第三十一组

hurry up(使)赶快，迅速完成keep back 阻止，阻挡；隐瞒，保留keep down 控制，压制，镇压；压低keep off 不接近，避开

keep up 保持，维持；继续，坚持let down 放下，降低；使失望

let in 让 …… 进入，放 …… 进来let off 放(烟，烟火)，开(枪)let out 放掉，放出，发出line up 排队，使排成一行look back 回顾，回头看

look out 留神，注意，提防，警惕look on 旁观，观看；看待，视作look up 查阅，查考；寻找(某人)look in 顺便看望

make out 辨认，区分；理解，了解

make out of 用 …… 做，从 …… 得出第三十二组

make up 构成，拼凑；弥补，赔偿；化装mix up 混淆，混合，搞糊涂pass away 去世，逝世pass off 中止，停止

pass to 转到，讨论，传到pass out 失去知觉，昏倒pay back 偿还，回报pay off 还清(债)

pay down 即时交付，用现金支付pay up 全部付清第三十三组

pick out 选出，挑出，拣出；辨认，辨别出pick up 拾起，(偶然)得到；(车船)中途搭(人)，学会

pull down 拆毁，拉倒；拉下，降低

pull in(车)停下，进站，船(到岸)pull off 脱(帽、衣)pull on 穿，戴

pull out 拔出，抽出；(车、船)驶出pull together 齐心协力pull up(使)停下

put across 解释清楚，说明put aside 储存，保留

put away 放好，收好；储存

put down 记下，放下；镇压，平定put forward 提出put in 驶进

put on 穿上，戴上；上演；增加(体重)put out 熄灭，关(灯)；出版，发布；生产put right 改正(错误)，整理第三十四组

put up 提起，举起，提(价)；为 …… 提供食宿，投宿

ring off 挂断电话rub out 擦掉，拭去

run down 撞倒，撞沉；追捕，追查run off 复印，打印

run over 略读，略述；辗过，浏览，匆匆复习see off 给 …… 送行

see through 看穿，识破；干完，干到底set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍

set down 卸下，放下，记下，记入set forth 阐明，陈述

set off 出发，动身；引起，使发生set out 陈列，显示；动身，起程；制定set up 创立，建立，树立；资助，扶持show in 领入

show off 炫耀，卖弄第三十五组

show up 使呈现，使醒目shut out 排除sit in 列席，旁听sit up 迟睡，熬夜

speed up 使加速

stand out 突出，显眼stand up 站起来，耐用step up 提高，加快，加紧step in 插入，介入

stick out 伸出，突出；坚持到底，继续take away 消除；消耗take down 记下，写下

take off 拿走，脱下；起飞

take on 呈现；接纳，承担，从事take over 接管，接办

take up 占据；开始；拿起，接收

take up with 和 …… 交往，忍受，采用

第五篇：初中英语常用词组复习

初中英语常用词组复习

目录

一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组.....................1

(一)由be构成的词组(30).......................1(二)由come, do, get, give, go, have, help, keep, make, looke, put, set, send, take, turn, play

等动词构成的词组(152)....................1(三)由其他动词构成的词组(18).....................4

二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组(90)....................4

三、量词词组和其他词组......................5

(一)量词词组(23).....................5(二)其他词组(16).....................5一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组(一)由be构成的词组(30)1)be back/in/out回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at善于，擅长于 4)be careful of当心，注意，仔细 5)be covered with被……复盖 6)be ready for为……作好准备 7)be surprised(at)对……感到惊讶 8)be interested in对……感到举 9)be born出生

10)be on 在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着 11)be able to do sth.能够做……

12)be afraid of(to do sth.that…)害怕……(不敢

做……，恐怕……)

13)be angry with sb.生(某人)的气

14)be pleased(with)对……感到高兴(满意)15)be famous for以……而著名

16)be strict in(with)(对工作、对人)严格要求

17)be from来自……，什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired饿了/渴了/累了 19)be worried 担忧

20)be(well)worth doing(非常)值得做…… 21)be covered with 被……所覆盖…… 22)be in(great)need of(很)需要 23)be in trouble处于困境中 24)be glad to do sth.很高兴做…… 25)be late for ……迟到

26)be made of(from)由……制成 27)be satisfied with 对……感到满意 28)be free空闲的，有空 29)be(ill)in bed卧病在床

30)be busy doing(with)忙于做……(忙于……)

(二)由come, do, get, give, go, have, help, keep, make, looke, put, set, send, take, turn, play等动词构成的词组(152)

1)come back回来 2)come down 下来

3)come in 进入，进来 4)come on 快，走吧，跟我来 5)come out出来

6)come out of 从……出来 7)come up上来 8)come from 来自……

9)do one's lessons/homework做功课/回家作业 10)do more speaking/reading多做口头练习/朗读 11)do one's best 尽力

12)do some shopping(cooking reading, cleaning)买东西

(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除)

13)do a good deed(good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises做早操 15)do eye exercises做眼保健操 16)do well in 在……某方面干得好 17)get up 起身

18)get everything ready把一切都准备好 19)get ready for(=be ready for)为……作好准备 20)get on(well)with与……相处(融洽)21)get back返回 22)get rid of 除掉，去除 23)get in 进入，收集 24)get on/off上/下车 25)get to到达 26)get there到达那里

27)give sb.a call给……打电话 28)give a talk作报告

29)give a lecture(a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐

会)

30)give back 归还，送回

31)give……some advice on 给……一些忠告 32)give lessons to给……上课 33)give in屈服 34)give up放弃

35)give sb.a chance给……一次机会 36)give a message to……给……一个口信 37)go ahead先走，向前走，去吧，干吧 38)go to the cinema看电影

39)go go bed睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)

40)go to school(college)上学(上大学)41)go to(the)hospital去医院看病

42)go over过一遍，复习/go over to朝……走去43)go fishing / skating / swimming /shopping去钩鱼/滑

冰/游泳/买东

44)go home(there)回家去(去那儿)45)go round顺便去，绕道走 46)go up 上去

47)go out for a walk外出散步 48)go on(doing)继续(做……)

49)go on with one's work继续某人的工作 50)go upstairs/downstairs上/下楼 51)(the lights)go out(灯)熄了

52)have a lesson(lessons)/a meeting上课/开会 53)have a football match(basketball match)举行一场足

球(蓝球)赛 54)have dictation听见 55)have a try试一试

56)have a good/wonderful time玩得很高兴

57)have a lecture(a piano concert)听讲座(听钢琴音乐

会)

58)have a report(talk)on听一个关于……的报告 59)have a glass of water(a cup of tea)喝一杯水，(一杯

茶)

60)have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 61)have a meal(three meals)吃一顿饭(三餐饭)62)have a dinner 吃正餐

63)have bread and milk for breakfast早饭吃面包和牛奶 64)have(have got)a headache 头痛 65)have a fever发烧

66)have a cough(a cold)咳嗽(感冒)67)have a look(at)看一看……

68)have a rest(a break)休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)69)have a talk 谈话

70)have a swim/walk游泳/散步 71)have sports进行体育锻炼

72)have a sports meet(meeting)开运动会 73)have something done让人(请人)做…… 74)have a test/an exam测验/考试

75)have an idea有了个主意

76)had better do sth.(not do sth.)最好做……(最好不要

做……)

77)have a word with 与……谈几句话

78)help sb.with sth.help sb.do sth.在……方面帮助……

109)put into使进入，输入 110)put one's heart into 全神贯注于 111)put…down…把……放下 112)put…into…把……译成 113)set up竖起，建起 帮助……做

79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat请随便吃点鸡/

鱼/肉

80)help each other互相帮助

81)keep up with跟上……，不落后于…… 82)keep silent/quiet保持沉默/安静 83)keep sb.doing sth.使……一直做…… 84)keep one's diary记日记

85)make a noise(a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹

(十分嘈杂，响声)86)make a living谋生

87)make sb.do sth.迫使某人做…… 88)make faces(a face)做鬼脸 89)make friends(with)与……交朋友 90)make a mistake(mistakes)犯错误 91)make room/space for给……腾出地方 92)make a sentence(sentences)with 用……造句 93)make a fire生火

94)be made from/of 由……制成 95)be made in 在……地方制造

96)look out of(outside)往外看(看外面)97)look up a word(in the dictionary)查字典 98)look up 往上看，仰望 99)look after 照管，照看，照顾 100)look for寻找 101)look like看上去像

102)look fine/well/tired/worried看起来气色好/健康/疲

劳/忧虑

103)look out当心，小心

104)look on …as…把……当作……看待 105)look around朝四周看 106)look at看着……

107)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧)108)put up建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖

114)set off出发，动身 115)set out出发

116)set an example for为……树立榜样 117)send for派人去请(叫)118)send out放出，发出 119)end up把……往上送，发射 120)take one's advice听从某人劝告 121)take out拿出，取出 122)take down拿下 123)take place发生

124)take one's place坐……的座位，代替某人职务 125)take the place of代替…… 126)take a walk/rest散步/休息 127)take it easy别紧张 128)take sth.with sb.随身带着

129)take sb.to a park/London for one's holidays带某人去

公园/伦敦度假

130)take care of关心，照顾，保管

131)take a look(a last look)at看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam参加考试 133)take away拿走 134)take back收回，带回 135)take hold of抓住……

136)take off脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉 137)take(an active)part in(积极)参加(活动 138)take photos拍照139)take some medicine服药

140)take a bus/train, boat/乘公共汽车，火车/船 141)turn on开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)142)turn off关上(电灯，收音机等)143)turn in 交出，上交 144)turn…into…变成 145)turn to翻到，转向 146)turn down(把音量)调低

147)turn…over把……翻过来

148)play basketball打篮球，football踢足球，volleyball

打排球

149)play games做游戏

150)play the piano(the violin)弹钢琴(拉小提琴)10)fall off跌落

11)catch cold着凉，伤风 12)catch up with赶上

13)agree with sb.赞成，同意某人的意见 14)filled……with把……装满 151)play with snow玩雪

152)play a joke(on)对……开玩笑(三)由其他动词构成的词组(18)1)think over仔细考虑 2)arrive at/in a place到达某处 3)eat up吃完，吃光 4)do well in在……干得好

5)enjoy doing sth.like doing sth.喜欢做某事 事

6)find out发现，查出(真相等)7)finish off吃完，喝完 8)stop doing sth.停止做某事 9)stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 10)hold a meting举行会议 11)hold up举起 12)hurry up赶快，快点 13)enter for报名参加 14)langht at嘲笑 15)be used to习惯于 16)used to过去常常 17)wake up唤醒 18)work out算出

二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组(90)1)ask for向……要……，请求 2)ask for leave请假 3)send for派人去请(叫)4)pay for付……的款 5)wait for等候 6)thank for为……感谢

7)apologize to sb.for sth.为某事向某人道歉 8)look for 寻找

9)leave…for离开……去……

喜欢干某

15)tell sb.about sth.告诉某人某事 16)talk about谈论…… 17)think about考虑…… 18)worry about担忧…… 19)look after照料

20)run after追赶，跟在后面跑 21)read after跟……读 22)smile at对……微笑 23)knock at敲(门、窗)24)shout at 对……大喊(嚷)25)throw away扔掉 26)work hard at努力做…… 27)wait in line排队等候 28)change…into…变成 29)hurry into…匆忙进入 30)run into…跑进 31)hear of听说 32)think of认为，考虑 33)catch hold of抓住 34)instead of代替…… 35)hand in交上来 36)stay in bed卧病在床 37)hear from收到……来信 38)at once立刻 39)at last最后 40)at first起先，首先

41)at the age of…在……岁时42)at the end of…在……之末 43)at the beginning of…在……之初 44)at the foot of…在……脚下 45)at the same time同时 46)at night/noon在夜里/中午

47)with one's help在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助48)with the help of …在……的帮助下

49)with a smile面带笑容 50)with one's own eyes亲眼看见 51)after a while过了一会儿 52)from now on从现在起 53)from then on从那时起 54)far example例如 55)far away from远离

56)from morning till night从早到晚 57)by and by不久 58)by air mail寄航空邮件 59)by ordinary mail寄平信 60)by the way 顺便说 61)by the window在窗边 62)by the end of…到……底为止 63)little by little逐渐地 64)in all总共 65)in fact事实上

66)in one's twenties在某人二十几岁时 67)in a hurry匆忙

68)in the middle of在……中间 69)in no time(in a minute)立刻，很快 70)in time(on time)及时 71)in public公众，公开地 72)in order to为了…… 73)in front of在……前面 74)in the sun在阳光下 75)in the end最后，终于 76)in surprise惊奇地 77)in turn依次 78)of course当然 79)a bit(of)有一点儿 80)a lot of许多

81)on one's way to某人在去……的路上 82)on foot步行，走路

83)a talk on space一个关于太空的报告 84)on the other hand另一方面 85)at/on the weekend在周末 86)on the left(right)在左(右)边 87)on the other side of在……另一边

88)on the radio通过收音机(无线电广播)89)to one's joy使……高兴的是 90)to one's surprise使……惊讶的是

三、量词词组和其他词组(一)量词词组(23)1)a bit一点儿

2)a few(of)一些(可数)，几个…… 3)a little一些(不可数)4)a lot of(lots of)许多 5)a piece of一张(一片，块)6)a cup of一茶怀 7)a glass of一玻璃杯

8)a pile of(piles and piles of)一堆(一堆堆的)…… 9)a box of一盒 10)a copy of一份，一本 11)a bowl of一碗 12)a basket of一篮 13)a plate of一盘 14)a bottle of一瓶 15)a basin of一脸盆 16)a set of一套 17)a kind of一种 18)a type of一种类型的19)a great deal of非常多，大量的(不可数名词)20)a large(great)number of非常多，大量的(可数名

词)

21)a great many大量，许多(可数名词)22)a different type of一种不同型号的 23)a group of一队，一组，一群(二)其他词组(16)1)all kinds of各种各样的2)all over the world/the country全世界/全国 3)all over遍及每一部分，浑身 4)all one's life一生 5)one after another顺次 6)the Children's Palace少年宫

7)day after day日复一日 8)up and down上上下下 9)the day after tomorrow后天 10)the day before yesterday前天

11)the last/past two years(or so)最近两年(左右)12)the whole country/the whole world全国/全世界 13)a moment ago刚才 14)just now/then刚才/那时

15)half an hour's walk步行半小时的路程 16)late on过后，后来