第一篇：自考英汉翻译教程必会词组
Lesson 1
1.fellow countrymen 同胞 2.average height 中等身材 3.gleaming eyes 闪光的眼睛 4.in his middle twenties 二十多岁 5.to be seated 招呼坐下 6.stand squarely 端端正正地站着
7.more than ten years his junior 比他年轻十几岁 8.revolutionary road 革命道路
9.Chinese communist Party 中国共产党 10.full member 正式成员 11.membership 党籍 12.keep a secret 保密 Lesson 2
1.immeasurable contrast 迥然不同 2.to and fro 走来走去 3.upturn face 仰着脸 4.sweet spring 芬芳的春天
5.anger and bitterness 又气愤又苦恼 6.dense fog 大雾
7.tense and anxious 紧张而焦急
8.五一的下午 on the afternoon of May 1st 9.无言的呼唤 wordless cry 10.探测绳 sounding-line Lesson 3
1.各种流派的 different schools 2.前两天 a few days ago 3.受限制 be restricted/be subjected to 4.传统观念 traditional thinking 5.不合理的制度 irrational system 6.最高境界 the highest state 7.浓妆艳抹 heavy make up 8.主人公 chief character/principal character 9.花言巧语 flowery language 10.社会进步和人性发展 social progress and human development Lesson 4
1.工业革命 Industrial Revolution 2.多功能的机器 multi-purpose machine 3.出于自愿和兴趣 on one’s own account, out of interest 4.新兴城市 the rising town 5.大胆的举止 in a bolder manner
6.实干家 practical man
7.交通动脉 arteries of communication 8.in the air 传说中，酝酿中 9.source of power 能源
10.outstanding feature 突出特点 Lesson 5
1.极西地带 far west 2.山区 mountainous regions 3.永久定居 permanent settlement 4.为…打下基础 lay foundations for 5.专门从事 devote exclusively to 6.合法手续 legal title
7.establish communities 建立村镇 8.stock-raising 养殖畜牧业
9.open public domain 开放的公共地带 10.regular event 常事 11.high plains 高原 12.criss-crossed 纵横交错 Lesson 6
1.新民主主义 new democracy 2.五四运动 the May 4th Movement 3.辛亥革命 the Revolution of 1911 4.革命知识分子 revolutionary intellectuals 5.帝国主义 imperialist 6.无产阶级 proletariat 7.在…的号召下 at the call of
8.小资产阶级知识分子 petty-bourgeois intellectuals
9.统一战线的革命运动 the revolutionary movement of a united front
10.平民文学 literature for the common people 11.北伐战争 the Northern Expedition 12.右翼 the rightwing Lesson 7
1.life-giving 赋予生命 2.everlastingly 无穷无尽的 3.the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 4.freshly harvested 刚割的 5.Mediterranean 地中海 6.the Pyramids 金字塔 7.negative effects 不良的后果
8.a ghost town 鬼城；被遗弃的荒芜的城镇 9.brightly painted 颜色鲜艳的
10.member of a team 队员
11.河流入海口 the mouth of the river 12.水坝发电 power generated by the dam Lesson 8
1.Mt.Lofty Ranges 洛夫蒂岭山 2.average annual rainfall平均年降雨量 3.surveyor general 测量总监 4.business district 商业区 5.residential section 住宅区 6.municipal government 自治政府 7.lord mayoralty 市长的职位 8.mineral deposit 矿藏 9.marketing centre 贸易中心 10.automobile components 汽车部件 11.地中海型气候 Mediterranean climate 12.文艺节 Festival of Arts Lesson 9
1.Palace Museum 故宫博物院 2.walled courtyard 带围墙的院子 3.watchtower 更楼
4.complete group o f ancient buildings 完整的古代建筑群
5.ravages of time 时间的摧残
6.ancient Chinese architecture古代中国建筑
7.historical sites 历史遗址 8.cobbled roadway 鹅卵石路 9.Golden Water Bridge 金水桥
10.typical masterpiece 具有代表意义的杰作 Lesson 10
1.global economy 全球性的经济 2.sovereign nation 主权国家 3.mutual prosperity 共同繁荣 4.sum total 总数，总额 5.foreign investment 外国投资 6.per capita GNP 人均国民生产总值 7.沿海地区 coastal areas 8.平均率 average rate
9.电力生产 electrical production 10.双边贸易 two way trade 11.外汇 foreign exchange 12.生活水平standard of living Lesson 11
1.marine insurance 海事保险 2.flows of capital资本流动
3.foreign exchange dealing 外汇交易 4.outward investor 对外投资者 5.Pacific region 太平洋地区 6.the right climate for 良好的环境 7.vast size and resources 地大物博
8.to take a real interest in sth.密切关注某事 9.coastal city 沿海城市
10.international community 国际社会 11.entrepreneurial spirit 进取精神
12.对外开放政策 the policy of opening to the outside world
13.世界投资体系 world investment system 14.经济改革 economic reforms Lesson 12
1.基本方针 basic principle 2.自给自足 self-sufficiency
3.客观有利因素 favorable objective factors 4.生产条件production condition 5.耕地 cultivated land
6.中、低产田 medium-and-low-yield land 7.灌溉面积 irrigated areas 8.宜农荒地 arable land 9.复种指数 multiple crop index 10.水利工程 water-control projects 11.单位面积产量 the yield per unit area 12.粮食总产量目标 total grain output target Lesson 13
1.agonizing flashback 痛苦的回忆 2.come and go 霎时即去 3.property damage 财产损失 4.monotonous 单调的，枯燥的 5.flash-flooding 暴雨成灾
6.to imprint on one’s mind 印在某人的脑海里 7.scare tactic 吓唬人的办法 8.power of nature 大自然的力量 9.river bed 河床
10.to give sth.much thought 仔细想某事 11.无情的 relentless 12.雨季 rainy season Lesson 14
1.maternal grandfather 外祖父 2.the flower of one’s youth 风华正茂 3.popular science 科普读物
4.undue absorption in the past 过分地怀念过去
5.sucking vigor 汲取力量 6.live one’s own life 独立生活
7.the founder of Girton College 戈登学院的创办人
8.clinging to youth 与年轻人呆在一起 9.过去的好时光 the good old days 10.高等教育 higher education Lesson 15
1.旧梦重温going through old dreams 2.儿童出版社 Children press 3.散文集 collection of essays 4.丝绸之路 the Silk Road 5.历史古迹 the historic sites 6.大英博物馆 the British Museum 7.简单的早餐 simple breakfast 8.花坛 flower bad 9.斗兽场 arena 10.教皇 Pope Lesson 16
1.market-day 赶集的日子 2.Sir John约翰爵士
3.the renowned knight 著名的武士 4.county history郡志
5.lineal representative of the ancient family 古老世家的嫡派子孙 Lesson 17
1.drug store 杂货店
2.meticulously dressed 精心打扮，穿着讲究，一点不马虎
3.tentative and uncertain manner 试探和踌躇的举止
4.sb.’s face suddenly brighten 某人的脸上突然露出喜色 Lesson 18
1.初冬 early winter 2.做中间人的；做中人的 the go-between 3.月白色的 pale green 4.祥林嫂 Xianglin’s wife 5.试工期 trial period 6.严厉的婆婆 strict mother-in-law 7.打柴 cut wood 8.熬夜 to sit up 9.福礼 sacrificial meat 10.不惜力气 not sparing oneself
Lesson 19
1.a narrow swale 狭长的洼地
2.the birth and death of the day 每一天的诞生和死亡
3.the range of mountain 山脉 4.mind and twist 蜿蜒 5.a kind of invitation 殷勤邀请 6.a beloved mother 亲爱的母亲 7.dread of畏惧 8.canyon峡谷 9.sand bank 沙案
10.part-time river 季节性河流 Lesson 20
1.a far cry from 完全不同 2.self-assurance 自信 3.sober-faced 沉静的；镇静的 4.odd-shaped 怪样子的
5.well-mannered silence 规规矩矩，一声不响 6.sailor suit 水手服
7.the ice was broken 打破了僵局 8.in unison 齐声；一致 9.stare at sb.凝视某人 10.all of a sudden 突然 11.resonant voice 洪亮的声音 Lesson 21
1.拉家带口 be saddled with big family 2.拉排字车 pull a hand cart
3.腊月二十三the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month 4.前台 front stage 5.小买卖人 a peddler 6.养家 to support the family 7.喊嗓子to practice singing 8.零工odd jobs 9.排队 queue up 10.落汤鸡 a drowned rat
11.it rains cats and dogs 瓢泼大雨 12.no show, no pay 不响锣，不给钱 Lesson 22
1.mineral oil 矿物油 2.onboard ship 在船上 3.on shore 在岸上 4.at chemist’s 在药店
5.internal combustion engine 内燃机
6.carriage drawn by the horse 马车 7.be superior to 优于；好于 8.in this respect 在这方面 9.a thin file of oil 薄薄的一层油 10.oil-burning lamp 油灯 Lesson 23
1.superhighway 高速公路
2.applied entomology 应用昆虫学 3.living organisms 生物体
4.an insect-free world 无昆虫的世界 5.now and again 有时 6.right to know 知情权
7.science of biotic controls 生物控制学 8.turn one’s back on 拒绝；冷眼相看 9.entomologist 昆虫学家 10.geneticist 遗传学家 Lesson 24
1.自然资源 natural resources 2.人均 per capita 3.淡水资源 freshwater resources 4.长期的long-term 5.国民经济 national economy 6.战略任务 strategic task 7.大陆架 continental shelves 8.专属经济区遣 exclusive economic zones 9.海洋生物 sea creature 10.低纬度 low latitude 11.沉积盆地 sedimentation basin 12.海洋旅游业 marine tourism Lesson 25
1.environmental law 环保法 2.noise pollution 噪声污染 3.public concerns 公众关注 4.industrial pollutions 工业污染
5.federal law 联邦法 6.vaguely worded 措辞含糊 7.court of appeals 上诉法院 8.to grant a license 颁发许可证 9.natural beauty 自然美
10.Federal power Commission 联邦电力委员会Lesson 26
1.The Contracting States 成员国；缔约国 2.copyright 版权
3.universal convention 世界公约
4.international understanding 国际间的了解 5.domestic legislation 国内立法 6.as follows如下
7.unpublished works 未出版的作品 8.works of the human mind 人类精神产品 Lesson 27
1.中外合资经营企业 Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Venture
2.经济合作 economic cooperation 3.技术交流 technological exchange
4.平等互利的原则 principle of equality and mutual benefit
5.公共利益public interest
6.有限责任公司 a limited liability company 7.注册资本.Registered capital 8.工业产权 industrial property rights 9.先进技术 advanced technology 10.董事会 board of directors 11.总会计师
treasurer 12.审计师 auditor 13.储备基金 reserve fund
14.外汇账户foreign exchange account Lesson 28 1.toast 祝酒词
2.common ground 共同点 3.differences 分歧
4.magnificent dinner 盛大晚宴 5．Compromise 妥协；让步 6．Welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会 7．Telecommunicate 电讯 8．Prime minister 总理 Lesson 29
1.full diplomatic relations 正式外交关系 2.the Long March 长征
3.the policies of reform and opening to the outside world 改革和对外开放政策 4.Sino-American relationship 中美关系
5.historically significant experiment 具有历史意义的尝试
6.developing country 发展中国家 7．Developed country 发达国家 8．International affairs 国际事务 9．Scientific exchange 科学交流
10．National security policy 国家安全政策
Lesson 30
1.金秋时节 golden fall 2.学术交流 academic exchange 3.加强合作 to promote cooperation 4.历史文化传统 historical and cultural traditions 5.深刻的影响a profound impact 6.生化方式way of life 7.民族团结 ethnic harmony;ethnic solidarity 8.区域自治 regional autonomy
9.民族精神 national spirit
10.周边环境neighboring environment 11.和平共处peaceful coexistence 12.互相尊重mutual respect
13.平等互利equality and mutual benefit 14.互不干涉内政non-interference 15.振兴中华rejuvenation of China
第二篇：2012自考英语《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷及答案
2012自考英语《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷及答案
PART ONE(30 POINTS)
1.There are three main groups of oils: animal, vegetable and mineral 【 】. A.油可以分为三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。
B.油可以分为三给：动物油，植物油，矿物油。 C.油可以分为三组：动物、植物、矿物油。 D.有油三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。
2.No other country is so dependent on a single lifeline.Egypt’s very soil was born in the Nile’s annual flood. 【 】
A.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线。埃及的非常之土地也是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
B.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着简单的条生命线。埃及的土地是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
C.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线。就连埃及的的土地也是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
D.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线，其土地是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。
3.His air of complete selfassurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake. 【 】 A.他和我握手的时候是那样热情，那样真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使人害怕。
B.他和我握手的时候是那样热情，那样真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕。
C.要不是他和热情真挚的握手，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕。D.他和我握手，热情，真挚，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头不会使我害怕。 4.Two little boys in particular caught our attention 【 】. A.两个小男孩特别注意我们。 B.两个特别的小男孩子尤其引起我们的注意。 C.两个穿着特别的小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。 D.两个小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。
5.Two hundred pounds of muscle and sinew, created by hard work and clean living had melted to a hundred and sixty-odd;his former clothing flagged about him.【 】 A.他的体重曾经重达二百磅，但辛勤的干活加上清贫的生活，使他消瘦下去，只剩下一百六十多磅，过去的衣服穿在身上显得又肥又大。
B.他的体重曾经重达二百磅，但辛勤的干活加上清贫的生活，使他的肌肉和肌健只剩下一百六十多磅，过去的衣服穿在身上显得又肥又大。
C.辛勤的干法加上规矩的生活，使他的体重曾经重达二百磅。可这一身盘肉后来消瘦下去，只剩下一百六十多磅，过去的衣服穿在身上显得又肥又大。 D.辛勤的干法加上规矩的生活，使他的体重从二百磅减少到一百六十多磅。过去的衣服穿在身上像旗子一样逛逛荡荡的。
6.申请工作时，有工作经验的优先录取。 【 】
A.When applying for a job, those who had worked at a job would receive preference over the ones who had not.
B.When apply for a job, who had worked at a job would receive preference over who had not. C.When apply for a job, those who had worked at a job would receive preference over the ones who had not worked.
D.When applying for a job, those who had worked at a job would receive preference over who had not worked.
7.经理是否要参加会议还不知道，但是，我们希望他参加。【 】
A.We will not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but it is hoped he will. B.We will not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but will hope so. C.It will not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but hope to attend. D.It sill not yet know whether the manager will attend the meeting, but we hope he will. 8.人们似乎在追求金钱方面毫无休止。【 】 A.Man seems unsatisfied in the pursuit of money. B.Man never stops in the pursuit of money. C.Man goes on the pursuit of money. D.Man seems unsatisfied in the money.
9.共有1，500多处旅游娱乐景观资源，适合发展海洋旅游业。【 】
A.All together more than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots are favorable for developing marine tourism.
B.More than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots are suitable for developing marine tourism.
C.There are more than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots favorable for developing marine tourism.
D.There are more than 1,500 tourism, scenic and recreational spots for developing marine tourism.10.我必须承认，我的时间和精力似乎越来越少了。 【 】 A.I should not deny that my time and energy running short.
B.I must admit that my time and energy seem to be running short. C.I must say that I have fewer time and energy. D.I must admit that few time and energy.
B.Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, D.Choose the one that best completes each statement. l11.狭义上下文可以分为。 【 】 A.句法上下文和词汇上下文 B.段落上下文和语义上下文 C.句子范围和语言单位 D.句子范围和语言环境
12.的差异可以说是我们在汉译英方面研究的主要内容。【 】 A.句子结构 B.词性转换 C.文化差异 D.语法
13.所谓翻译，是翻译，而不是翻译。 【 】 A.语句;意思 B.意思;词句 C.词句，段落 D.段落;词句
14.英语不喜欢重复，如果一句话里或相连的几句话需要重复某个词语，则用 来代替，或以其他手段避免重复。【 】 A.名词 B.动词 C.连词 D.代词
15.就句子结构而言，一般说来。 【 】
A.汉主语多用并列结构，英语也多用并列结构。 B.汉语多用并列结构，英语多用主从结构。 C.汉语多用主从结构，英语也多用主从结构。 D.汉语多用主从结构，英语多用并列结构。 PART TWO(70 POINTS)
Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation(20 points,1 point for each) A.Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese. 16.Industrial Revolution 17.legal title 18.popular science 19.mineral deposit 20.court of appeals 21.internal combustion engine 22.arena 23.selfassurance 24.applied entomology 25.noise pollution B：Direction: Put the following phrases into English. 26.版权 27.董事会 28.沿海地区 29.经济改革 30.和平共处 31.花坛 32.散文集 33.丝绸之路 34.高等教育 35.小买卖人 Ⅲ.36.原文：I’m filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.
译文：当我想到我的生活因它所联系的而变得无法比较，我就感到非常兴奋。37.原文：Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals. 译文：在创建英国运河体系的过程中，有两件事是非常突出的。 38.原文： The first great rush of population to the far west was drawn to the mountainous regions.译文：大规模迁往极西地带的移民，被驱赶到山区。
39.原文：Yet the Nile has been changed by modern man in ways not yet fully understood. 译文：然而现代的人们用连他们自己也不完全清楚的方法改变了尼罗河。
40.原文：Arbitration will take place in Beijing in case no agreement can be reached through consultation.译文：如果不能通过协商解决的话，仲裁将在北京发生。B.41.原文：这几年来，我因行动不便，整天过着“井蛙”的无聊生活。 译文：In recent years, unable to move easily, I have a dull life like that of “a well frog” the whole day.42.原文：早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾煤核，为了回家取暖。
译文：Each morning when I practised my throat, I took a little basket to scrounge for cinders for our stove.
43.原文：工头就说：“没号了!没号了!”
译文：The foreman would say, “No more numbers!No more numbers!”
44.原文：鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。译文：A foreign joint venturer shall be encouraged to deposit the foreign exchange in the Bank of China which is entitled to remit abroad.45.原文：中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。
译文：China needs to know the United States better, and the United States needs to know China better too.
Ⅳ.Paragraph translation(30 points)
A.Direction: Translate the following passage into Chinese.(15 points)
46.It was a fine day in early spring.Bright sunshine flooded the street where a group of boys in Sunday clothes were playing ball.In most of the tenements the windows were up.Clean-shaven men in collarless shirts or in underwear, women with aprons or sloppy pink wrappers leaned on the sills and gazed with aimless interest at the street, the sky, those who were passing below.Thus they would spend most of every Sunday morning through the coming summer and now, in the first flush of mild weather, they had already taken up their posts.
B.Direction: Translate the following passage into English.(15 points)
47.中国各族人民坚决贯彻改善经济环境、整顿经济秩序和深化改革的政策。他们取得了重大的成绩，总的经济形势有了好转，国民经济取得了稳定的发展，通货膨胀得到了控制，改革开放取得了进展。
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions(30 points,2 points for each)
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.B10.C 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation(20 points,1 point for each) A:
16.工业革命 17.合法手续 18.科普读物 19.矿藏 20.上诉法庭 21.内燃机 22.斗兽场 23.自信 24.应用昆虫学 25.噪音污染 B:
26.copyright 27.board of directors 28.coastal areas 29.economic reforms 30.peaceful coexistence 31.flower bed 32.collection of essays 33.the Silk Road34.higher education 35.a peddler
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(20 points,2 points for each) A:
36.改译：从这一天开始，我的生活和以前迥然不同。一想到这一点，我就感到非常兴奋。37.改译：在修建英国的运河体系过程中，有两点是非常突出的。 38.改译：大规模迁往极西地带的移民，大多集中在山区。
39.改译：然而现代的人们却使尼罗河发生了变化，不过就连他们自己也不完全了解尼罗河究竟发生了什么变化。
40.改译：如果不能通过协商解决的话，仲裁将在北京进行。 B：
41.改译：In recent years, unable to move about easily, I have been leading a dull life like that of “a frog at the bottom of a well”.
42.改译：Each morning when I went out to practise singing in the open air, I took a little basket to scrounge for cinders for our stove.
43.改译：The foreman would say, “That’s all!No more hands needed!”
44.改译：A foreign joint venturer shall be encouraged to deposit in the Bank of China foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.
45.改译：China needs to know the United States better and vice versa. Ⅳ.Paragraph translation(30 points) A：(15 points)
46.早春时节的一个晴天，大街上阳光灿烂。一群穿着假日衣服的孩子正在街上玩球。这时简易公寓的窗户大都打开了。刚刮过脸的男人穿着汗衫或内衣，女人系着围裙或者披着邋遢的粉红罩衫，他们都靠在窗口漫无目的地望着街头，望着天空和街上的行人。差不多每个星期日早晨，这些人总是这样消遣日子，一直要到夏季。现在刚刚春到人间，他们便已各就各位了。
B：(15 points)
47.People of all nationalities in China firmly implemented the policy of improving the economic environment and rectifying economic order and pushing forward reform.They had achieved significant results.The overall economic situation had improved.Steady growth was registered in the nation’s economy, inflation was controlled, progress was made in reform and opening to the outside world.
第三篇：英汉翻译教程考试汇总(自学考)
英汉翻译教程考试汇总
（自学考）
Unit 1 STORIES 1.He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.他已三十六岁,青春像一路鸣叫的鹰,早已一闪而逝, 留给他的是衰老和幻灭.2.average height 普通高度
3.gleaming eyes 两眼闪着光辉
4.in his middle twenties 大概是二十五六岁的年龄 5.Ignoring the chair offered him, Chu The stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was, what he had done in the past, how he had fled from Yunnan, talked with Sun Yat-sen, been repulsed（拒绝）by Chen Tu-hsiu in Shanghai, and had come to Europe to find a new way of life for himself and a new revolutionary road for China.朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子,端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前,用平稳的语调, 说明自己的身份和经历: 他怎样逃出云南, 怎样会见孙中山, 怎样在上海被陈独秀拒绝, 怎样为了寻求自己的新的生活方式和中国的新的革命道路而来到欧洲.6.When both visitors had told their stories, Chou smiled a little, said he would help them find rooms, and arrange for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates
until
their application had been sent to China and an answer received.两位来客把经历说完后,周恩来微笑着说,他可以帮他们找到住的地方,替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续, 在入党申请书寄往中国而尚未批准之前,暂时作候补党员.7.Chinese
Communist Party 中国共产党 8.两条要求, 忠实------内11.容, 通顺-------语言 9.Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government, Bill’s birthday occurred while he was in Beijing.以中国官方客人的身份, 比尔来访中国已多次了, 而且在北京停留期间恰适他生日也有好几次了.10.“This is for you,” Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forget----such as when he was taken a boat down the Grand Canal and 12.every boat that passed sounded its siren in salutation.Or when he shown over the great Nanjing
bridge，built where the ferries used to carry trains across the 13.Changjiang River.He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly
the
whole 1/13
bridge was outlined in lights.“这是为你安排的。”这句话比尔.莫诺听到过好几次, 每一次都令他难以忘怀。有一次, 他沿大运河乘船顺水而下,途经的每艘船都鸣笛致敬.还有一次, 他参观雄伟的南京长江大桥------以前没桥时, 要靠轮渡托载火车横渡长江.夜幕渐渐降临了, 他被安排坐下,并被告知稍坐等候, 然后突然间, 整个桥身被灯光勾画出了一个清晰的轮廊.The most important day I
remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sulliven, came to me.I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable
contrast
between the two lives which it connects.在我的记忆里, 安妮.曼斯匪尔德.沙利文教师来的那一天,是我一生中最重要的日子.从这一天开始, 我的生活与以前迥然不同, 一想到这一点, 我就感到非常兴奋.On the afternoon of that
eventful day, I stood on the
porch，dumb，expectant.那天下午,我一声不响, 怀着期待的心情站在门廊里.Have you been at sea in a
dense
fog，when
it
seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped
her way toward the shore with plummet（铅锤）and sounding-line（测深绳）and you waited with beating
heart
for
something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was.“Light!Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.不知你是否有过这样的经历---在海上航行遇上了大雾,周围一片白,好像着实把你关在一个黑暗的地方,大船上的人又紧张又着急, 一面用铅锤探测深浅,一面向岸边慢慢驶去, 你的心也怦怦直跳,生怕出事.我在开始受教育之前, 就像这样一条船, 只是没有罗盘, 没有测探绳, 也无法知道离海港有多远.“光明!给我光明!” 这就是发自我内心深处的无言的呼唤, 也就在这时候, 爱心的光芒照到了我的身上.Someone took it, and I
was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to reveal all things to me, and, more than all things else, to love me.有个人握住了我的手, 于是我被抱了起来, 紧紧地抈在了她的怀里.正是她来到我的身边, 将一切展切在我面前，14.更重要的是, 是她将爱带给了我.15.monkey-like imitation.猴子模仿似的
16.In the days that followed, I learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words, among them pin, hat, cup and a few verbs like sit, stand and walk.接下来的几天里, 我在根本不知自己在做什么样情况下,学会了拼好些单词, 比如PIN, HAT, CUP 及一些动词, 如SIT, STAND AND WALK.17.That was because I saw everything with the strange, new sight that had come to me.On entering the door I remembered the doll I had broken.I felt my way to hearth and picked up the pieces, I tried vainly to put them together.那是因为我正用一种刚刚获得的全新而奇特的视角来看待一切事物.进屋时,我想起了被我弄坏的那个娃娃.我摸索着来到壁炉前, 拾起那些碎片, 试图将它们拼接在一起, 却没办到.18.It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over(回忆)the joys it had brought me, and for the first time longed for a new day to come.当那感概万千的一天快要结束时, 我躺在自己 的小床里, 感受这一天language.带给我的那些快乐, 我What I hate most are 觉得没有人比我更幸福those
glory-seeking 了.一生中第一次,我期writers who deceive the 待着新一天的来临.public with their lies.19.一切旧的传统观念
all
24.就学习英语而言，有三outmoded traditional
个方面值得注意：拼法thinking
正确，合乎用法---一个一切阻止社会进步和人词怎么用，和哪个词连性发展的不合理的制度
用，很有讲究。句子平any irrational
system 稳—合乎语法。which obstructs
[əb'strʌkt] social Unit2 HISTORY progress
or
human
1.The country was a place development.where men worked from 20.我觉得有一根鞭子在抽
dawn to dark, and the 打我的心, 又觉得仿佛labourer lived not in the 有什么鬼魂借我的笔为sun, but in poverty and 自己伸冤一样.darkness.What aids there I felt as if my mind was were to lighten labour being whipped, as if a were immemorial, like ghost had commandeered the mill, which was my pen and was writing already ancient in to redress the injustices it Chaucer’s time.The had suffered.industrial Revolution 21.另一个地方 On another
began
with
such occasion.machines;the millwrights 22.长得好看的人用不着浓
were the engineers of the 妆艳抹, 而我的文章就coming age.James 像一个丑八怪, 不打扮, Brindley
of 看起来倒还顺眼些.Staffordashire started his Physically
attractive
self-made career in 1733 people don’t need heavy by
working
at
mill make-up.Though my wheels, at the age of writing resembles seventeen, having been [ri'zembl]
an
ugly
born poor in a village.monster, it actually looks 在农村，人们从早到晚a little better without any 都得干活，劳动者并不embellishment 是沐浴在阳光下，而在[im'beliʃmənt].生活在贫困和黑暗之23.我最恨那些盗名欺世，中，那么帮助减轻劳动欺骗读者的谎言。的机械都不知从哪个年This means I oppose 代就有了。比如磨坊，fabrication
在乔叟的时候就已经是[.fæbri'keiʃən]（欺骗）, 古老的了。而工业革命deception
[di'sepʃən]
就是从这些机械开始（欺诈）and flowery 的。修造磨坊的匠人就
2/13
是开创新时代的工程师。斯塔福郡的詹姆斯.布林斯雷，出身于一个贫苦的农村家庭;一七三三年，他十七岁，就着手改良磨坊的车轮，从而开始了他那自我奋斗的生涯。
2.in the air 酝酿之中 3.multi-purpose machine多功能机器
4.Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways
that
he
traveled as he went about his engineering projects for mills and mines.布林斯雷在为他的磨坊和矿井建筑工程到处奔走的时候，出于自愿和兴趣，对沿途经过的河道进行了勘察。5.They often had little education, and in fact school education as it then was could only dull an inventive mind.他们一般都没有受过什么教育。事实上，当时那种学校教育也只能窒息人的创造性。6.arteries of
communication 交通的动脉 7.These things had been manufactured in villages which were growing into towns now, away from London;
it
was
a
country-wide trade.这些物品都是在远离伦敦渐渐发展成为城镇的农村制造的。这是一场全国范围的贸易。8.要从词汇，短语和结构三个方面去弄懂原文，但是光这样做还是不够的，还必须把握全篇。9.It is not alone: it forms one of a triad of revolutions, of which the other two were the American Revolution that started in 1775, and the French Revolution that started in 1789.It may seem strange to put into the same pocket an industrial revolution and two political revolutions.工业革命不是孤立的，它是当时三大革命之一，另外两次是美国革命和法国革命，分别始于1775年和1789年。将一次工业革命和两次政治革命相提并论，似乎有些奇。
10.cottage industry 作坊似的/家庭小工业 11.What makes the Industrial Revolution so peculiarly English is that it is rooted in the countryside.工业革命特别具有英国特色是因为它植根于农村
12.During the first half of the eighteenth century, in the old age of Newton and the decline of the Royal Society, England basked [bæsk] in a last Indian summer of village industry and the overseas trade of merchant adventures(商业冒险家从事的海外贸易).18世纪上半期，也就是牛顿的晚年，皇家学会逐渐衰败的年代，英国仍享受着农村经济和商 业冒险家从事的海外贸易带来的最后欢娱。13.Eventually, though a few communities continued to be
devoted
almost exclusively to mining, the real wealth of Montana, Colorado，Wyoming, Idaho, and California proved to be in the grass of soil.后来虽然少数城镇专门16.从事采矿业，但蒙大拿，科罗拉多，怀俄明，爱达荷等州的真正财富，也和加州一样，还是在草原和沃土之中。14.readability [.ri:də'biliti], 读起来上口，顺。所谓翻译，是翻译意思，而不是翻译词句。只要抓住了意思，译文在词句上可以有一定的灵活性。
15.Despite the great gains in
17.industry，agriculture remained the nation’s basic occupations（基础产业）.The revolution in agriculture----paralleling 18.that in manufacturing after the war involved a shift from hand labor to machine farming, and from
subsistence
to commercial agriculture.19.Between 1686 and 1910, the number of farms in the United States trebled, increasing from 2 million to 6 million while the area farmed more than doubled from 160 million to 352 million hectares.尽管工业的收益很大，农业仍是国民的基础产业。农业革命----和战后
3/13 的制造业革命并驾齐驱，使手工业劳作变为机械耕种，使维持生计的农业变为商业化的农业。从1860年至1910年间，美国农场的数量翻了三番，从2000000个增至6000000个，耕种的面积也从1.6公顷增至3.52公顷，增长了一倍多。I In
1840，Cyrus
McCormick performed a miracle by cutting from two to two-and-a-half hectares a day with the curious machine he had been
developing
for
nearly 10 years.到了1840年，塞路斯，麦克米克创造了一个奇迹，用他历经近十年研制的神奇机器，一天可割麦2---2.5公顷。In 1862, the Morrill
Land-Grant College Act 1862年，政府颁布的有关赠地建校的“莫里尔公地兴学法案” industrial
colleges，appropriated [ə'prəupriət] fund, were at work.农业院校，下拨款项，展开了科研活动。五四运动是反帝国主义的运动,又是反封建的运动.五四运动的杰出的历史意思,在于它带着为辛亥革命还不曾有的姿态, 这就是彻底地不妥协地反帝国主义和彻底地不妥协地反封建主义.The May 4th Movement was an anti-imperialist [im'piəriəlist] as well as
an
anti-feudal
movement.Its outstanding
historical
significance is to be seen in a feature（以一种„„姿态）which was absent from the Revolution of 1911，namely，its
thorough ['θʌrə] and uncompromising opposition to imperialism as well as to feudalism.20.五四运动所进行的文化
革命则是彻底地反对封建文化的运动,自有中国历史以来,还没有过这样伟大而彻底的文化革命.May 4th Movement was uncompromising（不让步的）in its opposition to feudal culture;there had never been such a great and
thoroughgoing
cultural revolution since the dawn of Chinese history.21.五四运动是在思想上和
干部上准备了一九二一年中国共产党的成立,又准备了五?运动和北伐战争.Both in ideology and in the matter of cadres ['kɑ:də]（干部）, the May
4th
Movement
paved the way for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 and for the May 30th Movement in 1925 and the Northern Expedition（远
征）
[.ekspi'diʃən].22.上海,唐山,长辛店等地
工人纷纷罢工示威, 中国工人阶级第一次作为觉悟了的独立的政治力量登上政治舞台,显示了
它的伟大力量.Workers in Shanghai, Tanghsna, Changxindian and etc, went on strike to express their disapproval.As an awakened, independent, political strength, Chinese working class stepped on the political stage for the first time and illuminated [i'lju:mineit] its tremendous power.23.在全国人民反帝爱国斗争的压力下, 北洋军阀政府被迫释放被捕学生,撤销三个卖国贼的职务,拒绝在对德“和约”上签字,反帝反封建斗争取得了初步胜利.Under the pressure of a nationwide patriotic [.pætri'ɔtik] struggle against imperialism, the Northern Warlord ['wɔ:lɔ:d]（军阀）government had to release those arrested students, remove the 3 traitors ['treitə] from their posts and refuse to sign on the Peace Treaty with Germany.The struggle against imperialism and feudalism has achieved a fundamental victory.24.五四运动是一次彻底的不妥协的反帝反封建的革命运动, 它促成了中国工人运动同马克思主义的结合, 在思想上和干部上为中国共产党的成立作了准备, 是中国新民主主义革命的开端.May 4th Movement is a revolutionary movement with a thorough and
uncompromising UNIT 3 GEOGRAPHY opposition to imperialism 1
All this suggested ancient and
feudalism.It
harmonies.prompted（推动）the 这一切使人感到古代的combination of Chinese 和谐气氛.workers’ movement and 2
The devastating floods Marxism and, both in and droughts that ideology and in the imposed a recurrent tax matter of cadres, paved of
suffering
on
the the way for the founding fellahin no longer occur.of Chinese Communist 过去给农民带来灾难的Party.It
was
the
水旱灾害,现在也不再发生了.beginning of the Chinese
About six years ago it New Democratic
became an island.Day by Revolution.day the sea is eating the 25.Scarcely less important
land----the dam
has than machinery in the stopped the sediment of agricultural revolution the
Nile
from was science.In 1862, the
replenishing [ri'pleniʃ]Morrill Land-Grant（加固）the shoreline.College
Act
allotted
大约六年前, 那地方变成[ə'lɔt](拨给)public land 了一个小岛.海水一天天冲刷to each state for the 陆地----水坝已经使得尼罗河establishment of 的泥沙无法沉积下来加固海agricultural and industrial
岸了.colleges.旧的教学法只管三件事,在农业革命中与机械几识汉字, 读汉字读物, 写汉字乎同等重要的是科学。作文.冰心在<北京晚报>发1862年,根据“莫里尔公表过一篇文章:“漫谈赏花和地兴法案”, 国会把公用玩猫”。地分配给各州,以便建立4
Tombs and temples of 农业和工业学院。ancient Egypt follow the 26.The
revolution
in Nile well into Sudan.agriculture---paralleling Driving southward from ['pærə,lɛliŋ]
that
in
Cairo into the valley, I manufacturing after the entered a landscape that war involved a shift from owed little to the present hand labor to machine era.For the next 1800 farming, and
from miles the thin blue ribbon subsistence
to of the Nile, flowing commercial agriculture.slowly north, unwound 农业的革命----和战后制over brown soil and 造业的革命并驾齐驱----green fields, some only a 使手工业劳动变为机械few yards wide, others as 耕作,从维持生计的农业broad
as
an
Iowa 变成为商业化的农业.cornfield.At the edge of
4/13
the fields, rising in dramatic
hills
or
stretching flat to the horizon, lay the brown barren deserts.古埃及的坟墓,庙宇遍布尼罗河两岸,一直沿至苏丹.驾车从开罗往南行至尼罗河谷,映入眼帘的是一番与现代截然不同的景色.蓝色玉带般的尼罗河绵延1800英里,在棕色的土地和绿色的田野间缓缓向北流去.田地有的仅几码宽,有的则如依阿华州的玉米地那么宽.田野的外边缘处是寸草不生的棕色沙漠,有的地方如小山般高高耸起,有的则平平的一直延展至天际.I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long, narrow farm.我感到自己宛若驾车穿越一个毫无尽头的狭长农场.The road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert.公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的,所以时而从田间穿过,时而如一条黑色的分界线将田地与沙漠隔开.7
As the flood receded, the water draining through the soil leached out the salts and carried them off to the Mediterranean.洪水退去时, 下渗土壤的水会冲走土里的盐分,并最终把盐带入地中海.8
It enjoys a Mediterranean [.meditə'reinjən] climate.属地中海气候 9 The fertility of the surrounding plains, easy access to the Murray lowlands to the east and southeast, and the presence of mineral deposits in the nearby hills all contributed to the city’s growth.四周平原土壤肥沃,与东和东南方的墨累低地相通.附近山区有矿藏.原为早期农贸中心, 现已工业化.10 The Adelaide Festival of Arts was the first international celebration of its kind to be held in Australia.阿德莱德文艺节每两年举行一次,是在澳大利亚举办的第一个国际性文艺活动.11 Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is one of Australia’s best-planned cities.南澳大利亚的首府,阿德莱德, 是澳大利亚布局最精巧的城市之一。12 Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large open squares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.North Adelaide, which is chiefly residential, is bordered by more parklands, and contains two open squares.N and S Adelaide are divided by the Torrens River, spanned by four bridge and lined with ornamental gradens.带状绿地从三面环绕,区内的四块空地上有草坪 也有树木,打破了市内建筑物的单调格局.北部主要是居民区,其周围也有公园环绕.另外还有两个大广场.南北阿德莱德的分界是特化斯河,河面上建有四座桥,两岸则有花园点缀.13 The city contains many fine examples of early Australian architecture, including the town hall on
King
Wiiliam Street---the wide main N-S thoroughfare.阿德莱德拥有许多早期澳式建筑的典范,比如贯通南北的主干道路----余威廉大街上的市政大厅.14 jets of water, aluminium sculptures, draws
its water.喷水孔,铝质雕塑.供水之源 2015 Parklands，which separate the city and the suburbs, are preserved in the
perpetuity [.pə:pi'tju:iti] for the use of the people.分隔市区与郊区的绿地永远留作人们活动的场所.16 The Imperial Palace 紫禁城
2117 Of particular interest if you have time might be the Imperial Ancestral Temple, which is to the right, and
the
Sun Yat-Sen Park, on the left.18 Covering an area of 175 acres, the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35ft high and surrounded by a moat 57yd wide.19 The Palace Museum, 22with four gates, has its
5/13
main entrance to the south, known as the Meridian Gate.This is the gate you
will
approach as you continue
along
the
cobbled
roadway from Tian An Men.The Imperial Palace is divided into two ceremonial areas: the Outer Palace and the Inner Court.Through the Meridian Gate and across the Golden Water Bridge, one comes to the Gate of Supreme Harmony, the main gate of the Outer Palace.The
main
building in the Outer Palace are the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall
of
Preserving
Harmony.The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Meridian Gate, the Outer Palace, the Inner Court, the Golden Water Bridge, the Gate
of
Supreme
Harmony, the Hall of Complete Harmony, the Hall
of
Preserving
Harmony.太和殿 the Hall of Supreme Harmony, 午门 the Meridian Gate, 外朝 the Outer Palace, 内延 the Inner Court, 金水桥 the Golden Water Bridge, 太和门 the Gate of Supreme Harmony, 中和殿 the Hall of Complete Harmony, 保和殿 the Hall
of
Preserving
Harmony
总面积共有68.2公顷, 燕京八景之一, 五龙亭，九龙壁, 御花园 the imperial garden, 白塔the White Dagoba, 燕京 Beijing, 琉璃瓦glazed tiles, 影壁
With a total area of 68.2 ha.One of the eight views of Beijing.The Five Dragon Pavilion.Nine-Dragon Screen.The Imperial
garden.The
White Dagoba.Beijing.Glazed tiles.Screen.UNIT 4 ECONOMY 1
President Clinton realized---as al of us must----
that
today’s
economy is global.正如每个人必须认识到的那样,克林顿总统认识到当今的经济具有全球性质.1977, the sum total of Chinese
imports
and
exports was less than $15 billion, putting China’s share of world at 0.6 percent.The
most
populous country in the world, China ranked a distant
30th
among
exporting nations.By 1993 China’s exports and imports totaled nearly $200 billion.China had become the world’s tenth largest exporter.在1977年,中国进出口总额还不到150亿美元,仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%, 世界上人口最多的中国在出口国家中排名靠后,仅是第30位,到1993年,中国进出口总额接近2000亿美元,它已成为每10个最大的出口
国.3 Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.8 to lay a sound foundation for future commercial and financial ties.为未来贸易与金融关系14
light industries.粮食产量, 工业生产, 轻工业 I
believe
Chinese maximize her share of world markets;and----as the UK knows from direct
experience----to 从1980年至1992年,人均国民生产总值平均增长率为7.6%.4 But the importance of trade in our economy has exploded in the past three decades.In 1970, the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the US economy.Last year, that figure, at 28%, was more than twice as high.In just the last seven years, jobs supported by US exports have risen by 4 million, to a total of 11 million.That’s almost one out of ten American jobs.Last year US trade equaled $1.8 trillion dollars.但在过去30年中,我们经济贸易的重要性大大地增加了,在1970年,双边贸易的总值占了整个美国经济的13%.去年上升到28%,比1970年增加了一倍多.就在过去7年中,美国的出口创造的就业机会增加了400万个.总数上升到1100万个.这个数字就占美国就业总数的1/10.去年, 美国贸易总额达到了1.8亿美元.5 Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States.无论是中国还是美国,都不会缩小贸易的重要性.6 Foreign exchange 外汇 7 Bilateral trade双边贸易
打下了一个坚实的基础.9 China’s imports from the US, which amounted to $900 million in 1978, rose to nearly $ 3 billion in 1982.exports rose from $300 million to $ 2.3 billion during that period.Total Chinese trade has also risenj dramatically, from 1978 15to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly 10 billion to 22 billion, while imports increased from 10 billion to just over 21 billion.中国从美国的进口额,从??到由9亿美元增至近30亿美元,对美出口额在这期间也从3亿美元增至23亿美元.中国的对外贸易总额也急速攀升, 中国的出口额从1978年的约100亿美元增至1982年的220亿美元,进口额与此同时也从100亿美元增长到了210多个亿美元.1610 joint ventures合资企业 11 Offshore oil exploration 海上石油勘测 There are reasons to be optimistic and to expect 17that
commercial
and financial
relationships will grow in the future.我们有理由保持乐观的态度,有理由相信,未来贸易与金融关系会继续发展.13 food production, industrial
production.186/13
economic
authorities
recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.我相信中国的经济管理部门已认识到这个问题,在下一个“五年计划”中定会有效地解决这一问题.Britain
lives
by
commerce.With 2% of the world's population, we are the world’s fifth largest trading nation.We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we
export ，the
investment that we attract and we make abroad.英国的生存依赖贸易.虽然英国人口只占全球的2%, 它却是世界第五大贸易国.英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上其他主要经济体.outward investor, net income, the share of foreign investment.海外投资, 净收入, 外商投资份额 What this means is that Britain
has
direct
experience of the benefits that international trade and investment generate.这意味着英国直接享受到了国际投资所带来的利益., 国际投资的蓬勃发展符合我国利益.That is the way to
attract the stimulus, the technology and
the
funding
that
inward
investment can offer.最大限度地扩大其在世界上的市场份额的方法, 英国从自身直接的经历中体会到,吸引外资可以带来动力,技术和资金.19
严复--<天演论>,信—忠实, 达—流畅, 雅—尔雅, 他并不十分重视“信”, 他说“译文取明深义,故词句之间,时有所颠倒附益,不斤斤于字比句次.” 周煦良教授在“翻译三论”一文中说: 我认为应当作为“得体”来理解.multilateral disciplines多边条约.Brought this home.Zero-sum game盈利损失总体持平.Finite stock.Donor
and
recipient., 感触颇深, , 经济利益增长值, 投资方与被投资方 立足国内资源, 实现粮食基本自给, 是中国解决粮食供需问题的基本方针.The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to reply on the domestic resources and basically
achieve
self-sufficiency in grain.22 根据中国农业自然资源,生产条件,技术水平和其他发展条件,粮食增产潜力很大.Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.23 即使考虑到土地报酬率递减的因素,也是有条件实现的.To achieve the target is totally possible even if the factor of diminishing land returns rate is considered.24 中国政府将在加强对现有耕地保护的同时,加快宜农荒地的开发和工矿废弃地的复垦.The Chinese government will make efforts to speed up the reclamation of wasteland suitable for farming as well as land discarded by factories and mines.25 inland waters, aquaculture
['ækwə.kʌltʃə], aquatic [ə'kwætik] products, intensification, animal by-products, arbor ['ɑ:bə]foodstuffs.内陆水域,养殖,水产品,集约化,畜产品,木本食物.UNIT 5 CULTURE 1 It’s raining again.As I lie awake in bed, listening to the sound of those razor-sharp drops pounding on the pavement, my mind goes reeling down dark corridors teeming with agonizing ['ægənaiziŋ]（苦恼的）flashbacks, and a chill from within fills me with dread.It’s raining, again.又下雨了,我躺在床上,睡不着,听着雨点儿落在路面上啪啪作响.我思绪万千,恍恍惚惚进入了一条条幽暗的甬道,回想起许多痛苦的往事.心里一6
阵冰凉, 不禁感到毛骨悚然.是的,又在下雨了.2 It does this every year in Southern California;at least that’s what they told me last year when I marveled at the relentless 7 determination of the rain.加利福尼亚南部,年年如此;去年,雨无情地下个不停.我表示惊异, 人们就是这样对我说的.3 Every child raised in the West knows about these dangers.At least that’s 8 what I used to think.I’m not so sure anymore.在西部长大的孩子都知道洪水的厉害.至少我过去是这样想的,现在就不敢说的.4 Habits form, however, and, in a child’s mind, 9 most of the time becomes all of the time, and nobody gives it much thought.Then the rains come.然而孩子们习以为常,在他们心目中,“大部分时间”变成了“全部时间”,而谁也没有仔细去想这件事.后来就下起雨来了.5 在理论方面,鲁迅曾针对10当时赵景深的”宁顺而不信”的提法,提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张.1935
7/13
年,鲁迅在“题未定‘草’”一文中又对翻译作了新的概括.他说:”凡是翻译,必须兼顾着两面,一当然力求其易解,一则保存着原作的丰姿.”也就是说,翻译既要通顺,又要忠实.Each day we make choices that affect our lives and, sometimes, the lives of others.每一天我们都要做出许多选择,大部分是为自己,有的也为别人.Somehow our path took us toward the park, across
the
footbridge
high above the rolling water of the Los Angeles River.不知怎的,我们就踏上了通向公园的小路.Many
children
were
playing close to the water, and we were stunned by their
ignorance
and
daring.The far bank.许多孩子在告近水边的地方玩耍.他们的无知与鲁莽把我俩看呆了.He jumped into the water to get his bike and was carried rapidly downstream, a look of panic and
horror
registering on his young
face.他跳进河里去捞车.急流一下子就把他给冲走了,他吓坏了,脸上现出惊恐的表情.刹那间,我们要做出选择.The greatest instinct, I believe, is to help a child in need.我想,是本能驱使我们去
救助一个危难中的孩子.11
I could see that he had confronted much more than he could handle, even being as strong and athletic as he was.从艾勒的表情,我知道,尽管他身强力壮,但当时他面临的困境是他无法摆脱的.Feeling of guilt, as a matter of course.That little was lucky to get out.内疚心理, 理所当然, 那孩子命大的话会脱险的.13 Although
both
my
parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other
ancestors.My
maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my
other
three
grandparents all lived to be over eighty.我的父母年纪轻轻就去世了,可是说到祖辈,我还是选得不错的.我外祖父固然是在风华正茂之年就弃世了,当时他只有六十七岁,但是我的祖父,祖母和外祖母却都活到了八十以上.14
My maternal
grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy，and
many
miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow devoted herself
to women’s higher
education.我外祖母有九个孩子活
了下来,有一个孩子很小就死了,她还流产过多次.丈夫一死,她就致力于女子高等教育.15 If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the 19 吸取力量.Animals
become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.动物,一旦它们的后代能够自己照料自己,它们就不管了;但是人,由于抚23
阵亡疆场,而且一想到人生最美好的一切就这么被葬送了,恐惧的心情会更加严重.这种恐惧无可厚非.但作为老年人,人生的悲欢离合你已都经历过了,自己要做的事情也都做了,这时若还恐惧死亡,那就有些让人瞧不起了.An individual human 26
In “ A River at Heart”, he expressed his deep feelings
towards
the
flowing water of a creek, which reminded me of my own love for the boundless, vast sea.这几年,我因行动不便, 整天过着“井蛙”的无聊生活,读了这游记,绚丽生动得如经其境,给了number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of your future.你要是有广泛的爱好和强烈的兴趣,而且还有能力参加一些活动,你就没有理由去考虑自己已经活了多少岁这样的具体数字,更没有理由去考虑自己的余年大概是很有限的了.16 One’s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.一个人应当考虑未来,考虑一些可以有所作为的事情.17 It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen.人们往往会对自己说,我过去感情多么丰富,思想多么敏锐,现在不行了.18 The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour from its vitality.另一件需要避免的事就是老想和年轻人呆在一起,希望从青年的活力中 养子女的时间长,是难以这样做的.20 在我国,从二十年代开始从事翻译工作,从五十年代乃至八十年代还在讨论翻译问题的,大概只有两个人,一个是郭沫若,一个就是茅盾.21 I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities.我认为,如果老年人对个人以外的事情怀有强烈的兴趣,并参加适当的活动,我们的晚年是最容易过得好的, 他们的晚年才会是一生收获的季节.22 Yong men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to 24offer.But in old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do ,to fear of death is somewhat 25object and ignoble.年青时有这种想法是可以理解的.年青人害怕
8/13
existence should be like a river---small at first, narrowly
contained
within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders
and
over
waterfalls.Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible
break，they
become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.一个人的一生应像一条河----起初窄窄的,夹在两岸之中,急速地流动阒,冲过岩石,冲下瀑布,渐渐地,河面变宽了,两岸变得越来越远,河水静静地流动着,直到最后,再也没有什么阻碍了,因为这时,你已融入了大海,毫无痛苦地结束了自己单独存在的那一段历程.如今,能为他的这本散文集作序,我觉得很荣幸.I find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.<心上的河流>写出了他对于小河流水的深情,这使我忆起死回我所热爱的无边的大海.我很大的快乐.In recent years, unable to move about easily, I have been leading a dull life like that of “a frog at the bottom of a well”.Reading his travel notes gave me great pleasure because they are so colourful and vivid that I felt I was actually there.27
如同旧梦重温一般,我回忆起1936年在伦敦的3个星期,在昼夜看不到日,月,星三光的浓雾之中,参观了大英博物馆,敏纳斯教学-----访问了一些英国朋友.Just like going through old
dreams，I
remembered the three weeks I had spent in London in 1936.during that time, when the sun, the moon and the stars were hidden behind the thick fog day and night, I visited the British
Museum
and
the
Westminster and called on my English friends.28 因为住处离罗浮宫很近,我就整个上午“泡”在罗浮宫里.As I was very close to the Louvre, I would loiter in
the palace the whole morning.29 吃过早餐,就出来坐在宫门台附上,欣赏宫门口那一大座花坛,花坛里栽的是红,黄,白,紫四色分明21.“No, no, no,” replied this individual, who was blond and vigorous and by nature a little irritable and contentious.“没有,没有,没有,” 这break forth in grass and flowers.只要经历一个雨量充足的冬季, 草呀,花呀, 就会长出来.28.When June came the
一阵咯咯的欢笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛.谁也不拘束了,大家都笑了起来.33.在旧社会, 我们评剧演
员常常挣钱不够吃饭,艺的盛开的郁金色.After lunch, I would come out and sit on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.30 意大利是我最喜欢的一个欧洲国家.One of my favorites European countries falls on Italy which is built of stone.31 佛罗伦萨给我留下的,除了美术馆里的雕像和壁画之外,还有一座座府弟墙壁上的灯座,每座灯下都有一只拴马的铁环,是聚会或宴客时拴马用的,十分别致.Things I can remember in Florence are the statues and murals in the Art Gallery as well as the lampstands on the walls of each house.Under each lampstand, there is q unique iron ring used to tie the horses when parties or banquets are held.UNIT 6 LITERATURES 20.重神似不重形似“这是在讨论翻译问题时常说的一句话.傅雷—人间喜剧, 约翰.克利斯朵夫, 最难应付的是原文中最简单最明白而最短.个人回答说.他长得漂漂亮亮,精神饱满,生性有点暴躁, 喜欢争吵.22.茅盾:“直译的意义若就浅处说,只是‘不妄改原文的字句’;就深处说,还求’能保留原文的情调与风格.”
23.“No, sir, but couldn’t I pick it up pretty quick if I tried hard?”
“是没干过, 先生.但只要我用心,很快就会学会的,是吧?”
24.Clyde, left alone in this
29.fashion（用这种方式）, and not knowing just what it meant, stared, wondering.克莱德就这么给甩在这儿了,弄不明白什么意思, 两眼直愣愣地想呀想呀.30.25.著名翻译家王佐良教授以翻译英诗为主,兼及散文和戏剧.1980年出版的他的<英国诗文选择集>中,有他译的袁斯诗11首,雪莱诗8诗,麦克迪儿米诗10首,有他译的31.培根的散文3篇,科贝特的散文6篇.1985年出版了他译的<彭斯诗选>.此外他还曾将曹禺的<雷雨>译成英语.26.I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.我记得儿时给各种小草32.和隐蔽的小花取的名字.27.It required only a rich winter of rain to make it
9/13
grasses headed out and turned brown, and the hills turned a brown which was not brown but a gold anad saffron and red----an indescribable
color.到6月,草就已经长高了,颜色也变成棕色了.山则显出一种特别的棕色,说棕也不是棕, 有点金黄,有点桔黄,还有点红----也形容不出是个什么颜色.It was a rasping nervous
wind，and
the
dust
particles cut into a man’s skin and burned his eyes.大风让人们烦躁焦虑,尘土的微粒剐着人的脸,刺痛人的眼睛.The land cracked and the
springs dried up and the cattle listlessly nibbled dry twings.土地龟裂,泉水干枯,牛儿无精打采地啃着干树枝.The tall, well-dressed
gentleman
standing
before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.站在我面前的是一位身材高大,衣着讲究的先生, 与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同.A delighted giggle cut
through the severe silence.The ice was broken.We all laughed.人们大都是拉家带口,生活困难.In the old society, Pinju players seldom
made
enough to live on.And as most were saddled with big families their life was hard.34.腊月二十三封箱,把“祖
师爷”请到前台去, 后台冷冷清清, 演员们就更苦了,要等到年初一开戏了,才能挣到钱.On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month, when theatres closed and the patron saint（守护神）of actors was invited to the front stage, leaving the backstage deserted, actors were even worse off, unable to earn any more until the reopening on New Year’s Day.35.真是一个钱撕成八瓣用,心里总是想着怎样能够改善家里的困境.Each single copper had to be eked [i:k] out, and I kept racking my brains for ways to improve our difficult conditions.36.每天天不亮戴着星星去
排队,工厂没开大门就排上老长的队了.We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky.A long queue formed before the mill’s gate opened.37.可我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了.I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.UNIT SCIENCE 1 There were three groups 8 POPULAR 6 低热度.The statement that oil originated [ə'ridʒineit] in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing
that
chief oilfields of the world;very few of them are far is taken to the refineries.Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed.从油田获得的原油要被送到炼油厂进行处理.接下来再将获得的汽体浓缩后成为煤油.We stand now where two 16
rapids（湍急）its periods of drought as well as of fullness.其源头，隐隐约约，并不引人注目;其流势,时而平缓,时而湍急;其水情, 有汛期,也有枯竭期.Dr.Knipling was ready of oils;animal, vegetable and mineral.油可以分为三大类:动物油,植物油,矿物油.2 A few other creatures yield oil, but none so much as whale.有些动物也出油,但都没有鲸鱼出得多.3 Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity [æn'tikwiti].植物油从古以来就为人们所熟悉.4 To it we owe the existence of the motor-car, which has replaced the private carriage drawn by the horse, to it we owe the possibility of flying.就是因为有了这种油,我们才能用上汽车,以代替马车.就是因为有了这种油,我们才有可能飞行.5 Two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat;but if they are separated by a thing film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced.No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.两个金属面相擦,就要产生摩擦和热;但如果在它们之间抹上薄薄的一层油,就可以减少磨擦,降 distant from the oceans of today.石油原于大海的这种观点是被人们所认可的,你要看一眼世界主要油井的分布图就一目了然了, 几乎没有远离现在海洋的油井.7 The rocks in which oil is found are of marine 12origin too.13石油存在处的岩石也都有海洋的渊源.8 A
very
common sedimentary rock is called shale, which is a soft
rock
and was obviously
formed
by
14being deposited on the sea bed.And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.一块极普通的沉积岩叫页岩,这种页岩质地松软,很明显是通过海底沉积作用形成的.有页岩的地方,极有可能有石油.9 the drill may just miss the oil although it is near;on the other hand, it may strike oil at a fairly high level.有时石油虽就在附近,但因为没钻准地儿,结果还15是一无所获.有时呢,就这么一钻,石油就喷出好高好高.10 when the crude oil is obtained from the field, it
10/13
roads diverge.But unlike the roads in Robert Frost’s familiar poem, they are not equally fair 我们正处在两条道路分岔的地方.但是并不像我们所熟悉的罗伯特.佛罗斯特诗中所说的,这两条路是同样的好.right to know 知情权 A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外,还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用.All have this in common: they
are
biological solutions，based
on understanding
of
the
living organisms they seek to control, and of the whole fabric（结构, 织物, 构造）of life to which these organisms belong.所有这些方法都有一个共同点：他们都是生物的解决办法，其基础是人们对所要控制的生物体的了解，以及对这些生物体整个生活状况的了解。It
has
its
obscure
[əb'skjuə（]变模糊）and unpretentious
['ʌnpri'tenʃəs]（含蓄的）beginning;Its quite stretches as well as its
for a full-scale test of his theory.尼普林教授已在佛罗里达岛进行了一些实地预备性实验, 并计划大规模地实践其理论.17 The resounding success of
the
Curacao
experiment whetted 【刺激（欲望, 兴趣）】[wet]the appetities of Florida livestock raisers for a similar feat that would relieve them of the scourge [skə:dʒ]（灾难）of
screw-worms.appetite ['æpitait] 库拉索岛上的实验大获成功.这引起了佛罗里达州特征畜饲养者的兴趣,他们希望借助这一成果帮他们摆脱螺旋铃绳这一祸害.18
prearranged flight
parents.事先安排好的飞行队形.19
中国还对广阔的大陆架和专属经济区行使主权权利和管辖权;中国的海域处在中,低纬度地带,自然环境和资源条件比较优越。China
also
exercises sovereignty ['sɔvrənti] and
jurisdiction
[.dʒuəris'dikʃən]（管辖权）over the vast continental shelves（大陆架）and
exclusive
economic zone, as apples.Federal Power Commission.license 执法权力, 环境法, 上诉法院, 联邦电力委员会, 颁发许可
证
grant
a
controversy that often pits those who style themselves
environmentalists against proponents of economic Cinematographic [sinəmætə'grɑ:fik] works.世界版权保护制度, 版权所有者, 电影的作品
For the purpose of this defined by the U.N.Convention on the Law of the Sea.Located in medium and low latitudes['lætitju:d],.growth
in
our
8.China’s sea areas have comparatively advantageous natural environmental and resource conditions.20 所谓上下文一般是指该语言单位的语言环境.所谓狭义上下文是指句子的上下文, 即在一个句子的范围内该单位周围的一些语言单位.所谓广义上下文是指该单位的超出句子范围的语言环境,这就是话语上下文,即在该单位的周围,在该单位之外,亦即在与之毗连的各个句子的语言单位的总和.狭义上下文又可以分为句法上下文和词汇上下文.所谓环境, 是指:1.交际环境,为了实现交行行为的环境;2.通报主题,即话语中描述的一情景;3.交际参与者,即说者与听者.UNIT 9 LAW 1.As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from any lawyers.早在六十年代初,甚至连许多律师接触到“环保法” 这个词儿,大半也只会感到纳决而已.2.enforcement power, environmental statutes ['stætju:t].Court of statue（雕像）
3.A powerful indictment [in'daitmənt]
of America’s disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use
of chemical
pesticides, especially DDT.In 1965 a court action took place that
ranks in environmental importance with the publication of
Silent Spring.不久以后,在1962年,雷切尔.卡林所著,名为<沉默的春天>一书问世了>。<沉默的春天>有力的控诉了美国之忽视生态,它主要是针对大规模使用农药----特别是嘀滴6.涕.1965年又发生了一件诉讼,其对环境之重要意义,不亚于<沉默的春天>之出版.4.strip（剥去, 剥夺, 脱衣, 除去）mining 露天采矿 , noise pollution噪音污染, offshore oil drilling深海钻油, waste disposal废物排放.aerosol ['ɛərəsɔl]（喷雾剂）cans 喷雾器罐, and non-returnable beverage
7.['bevəridʒ] containers 喷雾器罐.5.In fact, there is hardly a realm [relm]（领域, 王国）of national life that is not
touched
by
the 11/13
energy-consuming society.The problem is to balance the needs of the environment
against
those of the economy or consumers trying to cope with the high cost of living without destroying the earth on which we all depend.实际上,人类生活的方方面面都同这个争议密切相关.那些自称为环保主义者的人十分关注这个争议,他们反对社会消耗能源以求发展经济.问题其实是要在环保需求同经济消耗需求之间找到平衡,既满足生存的高消耗又不能破坏我们依赖的地球.Enacting legislation实行规范 Clean open land实行规范.Clean Air Act Amendment净化空气法案State legislatures 各州立法机构Bills 各州立法机构Hearings 各州立法机构Private lobbies.Labor unions劳工会 行业协会Trade-offs.Immediate
future.Taken
into
account.The contracting state 缔约国,成员国 copyright protection版权保护international systems.Copyright
proprietors [prə'praiətə]（所有人, 业主, 老板）.Convention any Contracting State may, by domestic
legislation，assimilate（使同化, 吸收）to its own nationals any person domiciled ['dɔmisail] in that State.为实施本公约,任何成员国均可按照国内立法,将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待.9.Director-General 委员会主席 signatory States 缔约国Come into force生效
10.Each Contracting State
undertakes（承担, 从事, 保证, 答应）to adopt, in accordance with
its Constitution，such
measures as are necessary to ensure the application of this Convention 各缔约国应依据其宪法采取有效措施保证此公约的实施.11.It is understood that at the
date
this
convention
comes into force in respect of any State that State must be in a position
under
its
domestic law to give effect to the terms of this Convention.须明确的是此公约在缔约国内一经生效, 该国就应依据其国内法律实施公约的各项条款.12.中华人民共和国
People’s
Republic
of
China 13.国际经济合作和技术交流 International economic cooperation and technological exchange
平等互利的原则 On the principle of equality and mutual benefit.14.合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律, 法令和有关条例规定.All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the PRC.15.合营各方, 主管部门, 工商行政管理主管部门.有限责任公司.注册资本.Parties to the venture, competent department, State’s competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration.Limited liability company.Registered capital.16.合营企业各方可以现金, 实物,工业产权等进行投资.The parties to an equity joint venture may make their investment in cash, in kind or in industrial property rights.17.董事会: Board of directors；企业发展规划：the venture’s development plans；生产经营活动方案：proposals for production and business operations；收支预算：The budget for revenues and expenditure； 利润分配：1.distinguished guests：诸the
distribution
of
位贵宾；On behalf of：profits； 劳动工资计划：谨代表；Incomparable The plans concerning hospitality：盛情款待
manpower and wages 2.Never have I heard 18.毛利润：net profit；所得
American music played 税：net profit； 储备基better in a foreign land.金：reserve fund, 职工奖我在外国从来没有听到励及福利基金：a bonus 过演奏得这么好的美国音乐.and welfare fund for 3.gracious and eloquent workers
and
staff
['eləkwənt]
remarks.members；企业发展基Common ground.At the 金：a venture expansion outset（开始, 开端）.fund；净利润：net profit；Common interests.注册资本：registered 盛情和雄辩的讲话.合作fund 的共同点.一开始.共同利益.19.外汇帐户：foreign
4.We have acquired a keen exchange transactions；外sense（强烈地感受到）汇管理条例：regulations of
the
diversity, on
foreign
exchange
dynamism control.['dainəmizəm], and 20.合营企业所需原材料,燃
progress of China under 料,配套件等, 应优先在your policies of reform 中国购买, 也可由合营and
opening
to
the 企业界自筹外汇,直接在outside world.国际市场上购买.我们强烈地感受到你们In its purchase of required 所进行的改革和对外开放政raw
and
processed
策给中国带来的多样化,活力materials, fuels, auxiliary 和进步.[ɔ:g'ziljəri] equipment, 5.More than eight years etc.an
equity
joint
have passed since Vice ventures should first give Premier Deng Xiaoping priority to purchases（n.and I joined hands to 购买）in China.It may establish full diplomatic also make such purchases relations between our two directly on the world great nations.market
with
foreign
自从邓小平副总理和我exchange raised by itself.共同建立我们两个伟大国家21.外籍职工, 个人所得税，之间的正式外交关系以来,已不可抗力, 全国人民代经八年多了.表大会 6.sino-American Foreign
employee.relationship.The forgingIndividual income tax.Force（建立）of firm majeure.National People’s Sino-American ties/ to Congress.establish a
firm
Sino-American
ties.UNIT 10 SPEECHES
National
security
12/13
policies.中美关系.建立牢固的中美关系.国家安全政策.7.strategic
relations.Non-government sectors.战略关系, 非政府部门 8.In this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas
of
cooperation
which clearly add to our mutual benefit.在这种情况下, 两国寻求能明显带来互惠互利的合作领域便显得尤为重要.9.In the area of public health.Although ours is relatively quite small, such
activities，when combined
with
our
common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship, should help to remove the lingering
fragility
[frə'dʒiliti]（不确定因素）in Sino-American relations.在公共健康领域方面.尽管我方所占比例较小, 但此次项目, 涉及我们基本对外政策的利害关系及不断增进的商业关系,必将有助于消除中美关系中长期存在的不稳定因素。
10.先有哈佛,后有美利坚合众国, 这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位.The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of American testifies to its position in the American history.11.中国教育界,科学界,文
化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流.The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchange with this university.12.中国在自己发展的长河中, 形成了优良的历史文化传统.In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions
13/13
第四篇：新编英汉翻译教程第一章练习答案
第一章综合练习及参考译文
1．翻译下列句子，注意斜体部分的表达并说明翻译的特点
1)I took advice on the matter.【译文】就此事我已征求过意见。
2)They are all of age.【译文】他们都是成年人。
3)It has made the headlines that the president’s wife threatened her husbands with public exposure.【译文】总统夫人说要公开揭发丈夫，这件事成了头条新闻。
4)He often talks horse.【译文】她常吹牛。
5)They lingered long over his letter.【译文】他们反复看了他的来信。
6)Between ourselves, I don’t think much of him.7)There is something in the wind.【译文】好像要出事了。（风里有些什么东西。）
8)She hasthe making of agood teacher.【译文】 她具有一个优秀教师的潜质。
9)You never realize how fortunate you are to havegoodhealth until it is suddenly brought home to you by the sight of suffering.【译文】除非你亲眼目睹体弱多病之苦，不然，你是不会意识到你有一个健康的身体有多好。
10)That notion is being nurtured by people.【译文】有人在吹这种风。
11)Dawn breaking over the islands, very beautiful in a soft grey light with many clouds.There is a transparency about the light here which cannot be described or painted.【译文】曙色中的海岛美极了，晨曦柔合，彩云片片。澄澈的光影是无法描绘的。
12)From each according to his ability, to eachaccording to his needs.【译文】各尽所能，各得所需。
13)When we make friends, we should choose those who areour supporters in danger.(Aesop)【译文】要交朋友，要选那些我们遇到危险时支持我们的人。
14)Only a very slight and very scattering ripplesof half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him.【译文】欢迎他的只有几下半声不响的、七零八落的、虚情假意的掌声。
15)So long as we love we serve;so long as we are loved by others, I would almost say we are indispensable;and no man is useless while he has a friend.(Robert Louis Stevenson)【译文】只要我们去爱人，我们就有所贡献；只要我们被人所爱，我们就不缺少什么；任何一个人，如果有一个朋友，那他就不是无用之人。
16)With determination, with luck, and with the help from lots of good people, I was able to rise from the ashes.【译文】凭着我的决心，我的运气，还有许多善良人们的帮助，我终于获得了新生。
17)All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books.【译文】古往今来人类的一切智慧结晶，数百年来人们津津乐道的那些故事，我们都可以轻松地从书本中得到。
18)Besides working to improve building structure，people in areas where earthquakes are common should also prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake in several other aspects.【译文】除了努力改进建筑结构外, 地震多发区的人们还应该在其它几个方面为可能发生的大地震做好准备。
19)I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old.【译文】就是从这一天开始，我的生活和以前全然不同，一想到这个，我就感到无比兴奋。这个重要的日子是1887年3月 3日，当时我还差三个月才满七周岁。
20)The college student caught cheating does not even blush.He shrugs his shoulders and comments: “Everybody does it, and besides, I can’t see that it really hurts anybody.(J.Krutch: The New Immorality)
【译文】那位大学生考试作弊被发现，连脸都不红，只是耸耸肩，振振有词地说：“大家都是这么干的。再说了，我认为这不会损害任何人。”
翻译下列段落
I had scarcely passed my twelfth birthday when I entered the inhospitable regions of examinations, through which for the next seven years I was destined to journey.These examinations were a great trial to me.The subjects which were dearest to the examiners were almost invariably those I fancied least.I would have liked to have been examined in history, poetry and writing essays.The examiners, on the other hand, were partial to Latin and mathematics.And their will prevailed.【译文】我一过12岁生日，就步入了令人头疼的考试时期，而且随后的7年，竟注定一直在这区域跋涉。这些考试真让我伤透了脑筋。主考老师最喜欢考的科目，几乎无一例外的都是我最不喜欢的科目。我喜爱历史、诗歌和写作，可他们却喜欢拉丁文和数学，而每次考试都是他们说了算。
Moreover, the questions which they asked on both these subjects were almost invariably those to which I was unable to suggest a satisfactory answer.I should have liked to be asked to say what I knew.They always tried to ask what I did not know.When I would have willingly displayed my knowledge, they sought to expose my ignorance.This sort of treatment had only one result: I did not do well in examinations.更可气的是，他们在这两个科目上所提的问题，又几乎全都是我无法做出满意答案的。我一直喜欢回答一些我所熟悉的东西，可他们总是问一些我全都不知道的问题。我一直很想展现自己的才华，可他们却变着法儿让我出丑。其结果是：考试中我屡屡失败。
During the past few years, scientists the world over have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in a task they once spent their lives avoiding writing, but particularly letter writing.Lured by electronic mail’s seductive blend of speed, convenience and economy, people who have never before touched the stuff are routinely, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence.【译文】在最近几年中，全世界的科学家们突然发现他们在高效率地从事着一种自己以前极不愿做的工作——写作，特别是信件的写作。由于电子邮件的速度快捷，经济方便，使得从未使用过的人，也开始熟练地使用电子邮件处理日常事务，甚至能高高兴兴地写出大量信函。
Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals.Anyone with a personal computer, a modem and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on.An estimated five million scientists have done so, with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the internet, or net.当前电子网络，已经融入现代科学交流中。通过电子网络，人们可以和异国他乡的同事取得联系、分享数据、游览新闻简报和阅读电子杂志。不管是谁，只要你有一台个人电脑，一个调制解调器以及所需要的软件，再把电话线连接到电脑上，就能申请上网。目前，大约已有500万科学家登记上网，而且人数与日俱增，绝大多数的科学家通过国内和国际线路进行通讯。这些线路称为“互联网”，或简称“网”。
E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail and, of course land mail.It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous(writers can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep;their message will be waiting).If it is not yet speed discoveries, it is certainly accelerating disclosures.电子邮件正在逐步取代传真、电话、特快专递，当然还有陆上邮件。它既缩短了科学合作者之间的距离，又节省了通讯时间。其部分原因是因为它具有不同时性（当发送的一方正在输入时，居住在其他时区的接收方可能正在睡觉。传送的信息将在网上等待。）因而带来方便。电子邮件即便是不能加速产生新的发现的话，它也肯定能加快信息的传递。
第五篇：2013年上海高考英语翻译必会词组(一)
2013年上海高考英语翻译必会词组
（一）1.a quantity of dessert 大量的沙漠
2.What’s the sense of …..?…..有什么意义？
3.beyond repair 无法修理
4.on that occasion在那一刻
5.in addition to 除了
6.extra ambulances 另赠救护车
7.on duty值班
8.keep a balance between sth.and sth.保持….与…间的均衡
9.as a direct consequence of 直接导致
10.have difficulty in doing 很难做某事
11.receive…..response得到….回应
12.encouraging 令人鼓舞的13.only in dreams 只有在梦中
14.give expression to 表现出
15.still fresh in my mind 记忆犹新
16.write down 写下来
17.on purpose 故意
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