湖南英语导游证考试现场面试应变题精选

第一篇：湖南英语导游证考试现场面试应变题精选

湖南英语导游证考试现场面试应变题精选

1、what are the main points that the local guide must try to make certain when reading the tour plan of the group in order that he would not miss meeting the group when it arrives or would not wait hopefully for the group to turn up when actually it is not coming on the scheduled flight or train?（1）The name and telephone number of the tour operator of the domestic tour organizer travel service.（2）The number of people in the group and the name ,sex and occupation of the tourists.（3）The arrival time and place of the plane or train that the group is going to take.（4）For an inbound tourist group ,he must also know the name of the overseas tour organizer travel service，the foreign language name or code of the group ,the name of the tour escort ,the language ,nationality and religious belief of the tourists and the entry and exit cities of the group.1.为了避免接团时发生误接、漏接和空接，地陪在阅读接待计划时应注意哪些问题？

答：(1)国内组团社联络人和全陪的姓名及电话号码;(2)旅游团成员的人数、性别、姓名和职位;(3)团队抵达本地时所乘的交通工具的班次、时间和接站地点;(4)接待入境团时还要了解客源地组团社和领队的名称、旅行团的外语名称或代号、游客的国籍、语言和宗教信仰以及旅行团的入(出)境地点等。

2、What are the main points that the local guide of an inbound tourist group must get to know about the transport tickets for the group ?

(1)Have the group's transport ticket for the next destination been booked according to schedule or have they been changed? And has the changed booking been confirmed?(2)Are there any return tickets for the group?

(3)Do the tourists hold international air-tickets for domestic flight?

(4)Are the group's tickets, i.e.transport tickets for leaving the country, confirmed Ok or do they still remain open?

2、接待入境的地陪应从哪方面掌握交通票据的情况？

答：(1)团队往下一站的交通票是否按计划订妥、有无变更以及更改后的落实情况;(2)是否有返程票;(3)是否有国内段国际机票;(4)出境票的票种(是OK票还是OPEN票)。

3、In what ways must the local guide make preparations for conducting a group in respect to language and knowledge ?

(1)Before the group arrives, the local guide must familiarize himself with the explanatory materials on the places that the group is going to visit.For an English way of expressing himself.(2)For a tourist group that is composed of people in a special trade, the local guide must try to acquaint himself with the knowledge and technician terms off their specialty.(3)In addition，the local guide must be well prepared for questions about hot talks of the town，important news at home and abroad and any other subjects that the tourists may be interested in.(4)If the local guide himself is new to the places to the places to be visited by the group，he must try his best to familiarize himself with them beforehand.3、地陪上团前应如何做好语言和知识方面的准备？

答：(1)根据接待计划上确定的参观游览项目，做好讲解内容的准备，外语导游还要做好语言表达方法上的准备;(2)接待有专业要求的团队，要做好相关专业知识、词汇的准备;(3)做好当前热门话题、国内外重大新

闻、游客可能感兴趣的话题等方面的准备;(4)对自己不熟悉的景点应事先设法作详细了解。

4、How can the local guide make sure that the group he met in the airport or train station is the very one he is to meet ?

(1)The local guide must ask the tourists what country they come from and inquire of them about the names of their tour escort and their national guide，the name of the travel service in their own country and the name of the tour organizer travel service in China.(2)If the group has neither escort nor national guide，he must inquire of the tourists their nationality，the name or code of the group，and the number of people and the main itinerary of the group.4、接待入境团的地陪在机场或车站接团时，应如何确认某一团队是否是自己应接的团？

答：(1)应问清该团来自哪个国家(地区)、客源地祖团社和国内组团社的名称、领队和全陪的姓名等;(2)如该团没有领队和全陪，地陪应与该团成员核对团名、团号、国别及游客人数、姓名并核实其主要行程。

5、Try to make a welcome speech to a tourist group in the name of a local guide.The following points should be included:(1)According the tourists a welcome for their visit to your city on behalf of your travel service，the driver and yourself;

(2)Introducing yourself and the travel service you work for;(3)Introducing the driver;(4)Expressing your willingness and desire to render good services to the tourists;(5)Wishing the tourists a pleasant stay in your city.5、以地陪身分对旅行团致欢迎词(1)代表所在接待社、司机及本人欢迎客人的光临;(2)介绍自己的姓名及所属单位;(3)介绍司机(4)表示提供优质服务的诚挚愿望;(5)预祝游客旅游愉快。

6、What things should be mentioned when the local guide is telling the tourist the general conditions of his city?（1）The city’s climate，population，administrative division，social life，cultural tradition，special products and its history.（2）In the meantime，he should take occasion to tell the tourists something about the city’s developments in economy and municipal construction as well as the streets and important buildings along the way.6、地陪在向游客作当地概况介绍时，应包括哪些内容？答：(1)介绍当地的概况应包括气候条件、人口、行政区域划分、社会生活、文化传统、土特产品、历史沿革等;(2)还要适时介绍当地的市貌、发展概况及沿途经过的重要建筑物、街道等。

7、How can the local guide keep in touch with the tourists after the group has checked in at the hotel?

The local guide must write down the room number of the group，especially those of the tour escort and the national guide.He also tell the tour escort and the national guide his own room number and telephone number so that they may reach each other in time of need.7、在游客入住酒店后，地陪应如何保持与旅行团的联系？

答：地陪要掌握领队、全陪和团员的房间号，并将与自己联系的方法如房间号、电话号码等告诉全陪和领队，以便有事时尽快联系。

8、what should the local guide do if the tour escort or the national guide proposed to make a minor(1)The local guide should report the matter to the travel service leadership and try his best to arrange it if their proposal is reasonable and feasible.(2)If an extra charge must be made for the added item，he must let them know in advance and must collect the money at the set price.(3)If is difficult or impossible to meet their demand, he must give them a clear explanation and patiently persuade them to follow the original program.8、当领队或全陪对接待计划提出小的修改意见或增加新的游览项目时，地陪应如何应对？答：(1)及时向旅行社有关部门反映，对合理又可行的要求，应尽量满足;(2)对需要加收费用的项目，地陪要事先向领队或游客讲明，按有关规定收取费用;(3)对确实无法满足的要求，地陪要详细解释，耐心说服。

9、in what way should the local guide collect the consigned luggage of the group that has just arrived?(1)when the group has arrived，the local guide should help the tourists get their luggage together at a designated place and remind them to check and make sure that their bags are all in good condition.(2)together with the tour escort and the national guide，he should count to get the right number of pieces and then hand them over to the luggage man of the local travel service through necessary procedures.(3)if something is missing or damaged，he should help the owner to approach departments concerned to report and register the loss or claim compensation for the damaged.9、有托运行李的旅行团抵达本地后，地陪应如何清点行李？(1)地陪应协助本团游客将行李集中放在指定位置，提醒游客检查自己的行李物品是否完整无缺;(2)与领队、全陪核对行李无误后，移交给行李员，双方办好交接手续;(3)若有行李未到或破损，地陪应协助当事人到有关交通部门办理行李丢失或赔偿申报手续。

10、what should the local guide remind the tourists to do when they are going to leave the bus for sightseeing? On this occasion the local guide should advise the tourists to remember the model，color，number and special sign of tour bus.He should also tell them where the bus will be parking and what time they will be leaving for the next destination.10、游客下车参观景点前，地陪应交代什么？答：地陪要讲清并提醒游客记住旅行车的型号、颜色、标志、车号，以及停车地点、开车的时间等。

11、What are the main points that need the local guide’s attention in regard to the travel certificates of the tour escort and other tourists?(1)Under normal conditions，the local guide should not keep the travel certificates of the tourists.If he needs to use them，he must return them to tourists as soon as he has finished using them.(2)On the day before the group leaves，the local should check his own belongings to see if he has kept any of the group’s passports or other papers and，if any，should hand them back personally to their owners without delay.(3)Some hotels request that the tour escort should leave this passport at the reception department when

the group checks in at the hotel.In this case，the local guide must remind the tour escort to take it back when the group checks out to leave the hotel.(4)When a foreign group is going to leave the country，the local guide should remind the tourists to check and make sure that they have passports and Customs declaration forms readily available for examinations by the Customs and immigration officers.11、在领队和游客的证件保管、使用方面，地陪应做什么？

答：(1)一般情况下，地陪不应保管团队的旅行证件。如需使用游客的证件办理某项手续时，应在用完后立即还给游客；

(2)在离站的前一天，地陪要检查自己的物品，看是否保留游客的证件、票据等，如有应立即归还，当面清点；

(3)某些酒店在旅行团入住时，要求领队将其证件留在总台，地陪应在旅行团离店时提醒领队取回证件的证件；

(4)入境团出境前，要提醒游客准备好护照和申报单，以便交边检站和海关检查。

12、How can the tour guide ensure that the tourists will not get lost?(1)The local guide must request that the tourists should bear in mind the names of the local travel service and the hotel and the number the tour bus，that they must not wander too far away from the group while it’s moving on，and that they must not come back to the hotel too late if they leave the group to stay behind or when they go out of the hotel by themselves.(2)During the sightseeing tour, the local guide should often announce the itinerary of the day so as to keep the tourists informed of such things as the route of the tour, the time and place for meals, the time and place to assemble and the parking place of the tour bus.(3)The tour guide should stay together with the tourists all the time and frequently count the number of people in the group.(4)The local guide, the national guide and the tour escort must closely cooperate in their work.While the local guide leads the way for the group, the national guide and the tour escort should bring up the rear.(5)The local guide's explanatory speeches must be interesting enough to attract the tourists' attention so that they would not wander away from the group.12、导游人员应如何预防游客走失？

(1)导游人员要提醒游客：记住地接社名称、车号、酒店名称，团队行进时不要离团太远，在外逗留或自行外出时回酒店不要太晚。

(2)在参观游览过程中，经常向游客预报行程并讲清用餐时间、地点，游览线路，集合时间、地点以及停车地点。

(3)时刻与游客在一起，经常清点人数。

(4)地陪、全陪、领队密切配合;地陪在前领路，全陪领队做好断后工作。(5)地陪要以精彩的讲解吸引游客。

13、What should the local guide tell the tourists when the group is going to check in at the hotel?

When the group is going to check in at the hotel，the hotel guide should tell the tourists where they can change their money，how to find the place for entertainment and the locations of the stores，public toilets and the Chinese and Western-food restaurants and so on.In addition，he should also make the tourists acquainted with matters deserving their attention while staying in the hotel.13、地陪在旅行团入住酒店时，应交代什么？

答：地陪应向全团介绍酒店内的外币兑换处、中西餐厅、娱乐场所、商场、公共洗手间等设施的位置，并讲清入住的注意事项。

14、What should the local guide do before, during and after meals in order that meals for the group could be properly arranged?(1)Before meals，the local guide should check us things as place，time, number of dinner and per capita price for the meals and particular requests of the tourists，and try to make sure that all these have been properly arranged.(2)When the tourists are having their meals，the local guide should go，once or twice，around the dining-room to answer questions of the tourists and to supervise the service of the restaurant.(3)After meals，the local guide must settle the bills strictly in accordance with the fixed per capita charge and the actual number of diners.14、地陪在用餐前、用餐时、用餐后要做什么工作？

(1)用餐前，要提前对用餐地点、时间、人数、标准、特殊要求等。

(2)用餐时，应巡视团队的用餐情况一两次，解答游客在用餐中提出的问题，并监督、检查餐厅的服务质量。(3)用餐后，地陪要严格按实际用餐人数、标准与餐厅结帐。

15、What is the right way for the local guide to deal with the recreational activity that is included or excluded in the group’s scheduled program?

(1)If the activity is included in the group’s itinerary，the local guide is duty-bound to accompany the tourists to attend it and make them acquainted with performance.(2)If it is not included in the group’s itinerary，for instance，if the tourists ask to watch a theatrical performance at their own expense，the local guide can help them with such things as buying admission tickets or hiring a taxi but usually he has no occasion to keep them company.(3)When the group is staying in a large place of recreation，the local guide should advise the tourists against separating themselves from the group.He must also keep an eye on the movement of the tourists and the condition of the surroundings so as to be prepared for any contingency.15、地陪应怎样安排好旅行团计划内和计划外的文娱活动？(1)如果是计划内的文娱节目，地陪应陪同前往，并介绍情况。(2)如果是计划外的活动，地陪一般予以协助，但通常不陪同前往。

(3)当游客要去大型娱乐场所活动时，地陪应提醒游客不要走散，并留意其动向和周围的环境，以防不测。

16、What should the local guide do when the group is going to leave the hotel?(1)When the group is about to leave the hotel，the local guide must collect all the heavy bags of the tourists for consignment if they have any.(2)Under normal conditions，he should go though the check-out formalities before 12;00 noon.(3)Before the group leaves，he should remind the tourists to pay the hotel bills and return the keys to the reception desk in case they should forget.When the tourists are all seated in the bus，he should carefully count the number of people and remind the tourists to check and make sure that they have nothing left behind in the hotel.16、旅行团离开当地饭店前，地陪要做好哪些工作？

(1)集体交运行李。如旅行团有行李托运，地陪要按商定的时间与领队、全陪、行李员一起清点行李并检查行李的包扎情况。

(2)办理退房手续。如无特殊情况，地陪在中午12点前办理退房手续。

(3)集合登车。离开饭店前，地陪要询问游客与饭店的帐目是否结清，请游客将房间钥匙交回服务台;集合登车，游客入座后，要仔细清点实到人数，提醒游客检查游客有无遗漏物品。

17.What should the local guide do when the sightseeing tour of the day is coming to an end and the tourists are all seated in the bus on the way back to the hotel? On this occasion ,the local guide should

review the sightseeing

tour of the day , tell the tourists more in detail about what they have seen and answer their questions, if they have any.If the tour bus is not going the same way back to the hotel as it came out , the local guide should take acquaint the tourists with the sights passed by.Before the tourists get off the bus, the local guide should announce the program for the evening and for the next day, and tell them the time to leave and place to meet.On arriving at the hotel , the local guide should remind the tourists to take all their belongings with them when they leave the bus.When the bus is parked, the local guide should be the first to get off the bus and stand at the door to say good-bye to the tourists while watching them getting off the bus.17、在结束一天的游览返回饭店的途中，地陪有哪些工作要做？

答：（1）返回饭店的途中，地陪应回顾当天参观、游览的内容，必要时可补充讲解并回答游客的问询；

（2）如旅行车不从原路返回饭店，地陪应作沿途风光导游；

（3）在游客下车前，地陪要预报晚上或次日的活动日程、出发时间、集合地点等；

（4）提醒游客要带好随身物品；

（5）地陪要先下车，照顾游客下车，并向他们道别。

18.What are the three “outposts” that a tourist group has to pass through before it enters a foreign country? The three “outposts’

refer to the check-posts of the three authority organs of the destination country , that is , the Customs, immigration and quarantine check-posts stationed at the city of entry to the destination country.(This means that, before the group is allows

to enter the country , it must go through all the checking and examination formalities of the Customs, immigration and quarantine authorities of the destination country.)

18、旅行团进入旅游目的地国家时，需要过哪“三关”？

答：就是要办理有关入境的三项检查手续：卫生检疫、证件查验、海关检查。

19.How long before departure time must tourist groups arrive at the airport ，train-station or pier so as to ensure that they will not lose the flight, train or ship?

In order that the tourist group

will not risk losing the flight , train or ship, the tour guide must manage to ensure that his group will arrive at the airport, train station or pier at an earliest possible time.Specific requirements are:(1)If the flight is an international flight or is destined for a coastal city , the group must get to the airport hours before departure time;(2)For domestic flight, 90 minutes before departure time.(3)For

train and ship, one hour before departure time.19、为了避免误机（车、船）事故的发生，导游送团时在时间安排上要注意什么？

答：导游团送团时，应确保团队在飞机或车、船离站前抵达机场或车站、码头，具体要求是：（1）（2）（3）

20.On what principle must the national guide insist when discussing the sightseeing program with the local guide?

The national guide’s duty is to ensure that the tour itinerary worked out by the tour organizer will be fully implemented by the tour executor travel service.So……

If the local guide suggest a change in the itinerary ,the national guide must insist that tits to places of tourist he order of tour can be changed but none of the items in the program can be omitted.When occasion requires, he should report the matter to the tour organizer travel service.In case the local guide proposes to add item with extra charge, the national guide must get the common consent of the group before he agrees to the proposal.20、全陪在于地陪商量日程时，应掌握怎样的原则？

答：（1）如果地陪修改日程，全陪应坚持“调整顺序可以，减少项目不行”的原则，必要时报告组团社；

（2）地陪推荐自费项目时，全陪要征求全体旅游团成员的意见。

21.What is the national guide required to do whenever the group arrives at a destination city?

Every time the group arrives at a destination city, the national guide is duty-bound:(1)To acquaint the local guide with things in the group so as help him with his work

(2)To supervise the of the local travel company and, if he thinks necessary, put forward some suggestions;(3)To take care of the tourists to guard against any possible accidents and to solve problems arising from accidents, if any

(4)To give advice to the tourist when they are shopping

(5)And, to make contacts with people concerned, especially with the travel service in the nest destination city, so that the group may travel smoothly

21、每到一个旅游目的地，全陪都要做好哪些工作？ 答：（1）全陪应向地陪通报旅游团的情况，并协助地陪工作；

（2）监督各地服务质量，酌情提出改进意见和建议；

乘坐出境航班或去沿海城市的航班，提前两小时； 乘坐国内航班提前1.5小时； 乘坐火车、轮船提前1小时。

（3）保护游客的安全，预防和处理各种事故；

（4）为游客当好购物顾问；做好下一站的联络工作。

22.What role does the national guide play in the group and what are his responsibilities? The national guide is the representative of the tour organizer travel service.He must join the group throughout journey and take part in all its activities ,His duty is make the whole trip of group well connected between destination cities along the route of the journey ,to supervise the service of the local travel companies to ensure that the set itinerary for the group will be carried into effect ,and to coordinate and harmonize the relations between the tour escort ,the local guide and the driver.In what ways must the national guide supervise the shopping arrangements for group and how should he help the tourist to do shopping?

If the local guide has arranged too many times for the group to do shopping and if shopping has taken up too much of the time for sightseeing, the national guide must advise the local guide against the arrangement.When the tourists are shopping, the national guide should advise them to examine the price and quality of the articles they are thinking of buying so that they should not buy any inferior goods or fake products.When some foreign tourists have bought something valuable, especially antiques, the national guide should remind them to keep the receipts for Customs examination.For purchase of ready-prepared them the relevant regulations of the Chinese Customs.22、全陪在旅行团的旅游活动中充当什么角色？承担什么责任？

答：全陪是组团社的代表，应自始至终参与旅游团队的全程活动，负责旅行团行程中各环节的衔接，监督接待计划的实施，协调领队、地陪、司机等接待人员之间的关系。

23.In what ways must the national guide supervise the shopping arrangements for the group and how should he help he tourists to do shopping?(1)If the local guide has arranged too many times for the group to do shopping and if shopping has taken up too much of the time for sightseeing, the national guide must advise the local guide against the arrangements.(2)When the tourists are shopping, the national guide should advise to them to examine the price and quality of the articles they are thinking of buying, so that they will not buy any inferior goods of fake products.(3)In case some foreign tourists have bought something valuable, especially antiques, the national guide should remind them to keep the receipt for Customs examination.For purchase of ready-prepared Chinese medicines or Chinese medical materials, he should tell them the relevant regulations of the Chinese Customs.23、全陪在旅行团购物时，应如何发挥监督与指导作用

答：（1）如地陪安排购物次数过多或延长购物时间，全陪要及时交涉；（2）购物时，要提醒游客注意商品的质量和价格，谨防假货或以次充好；

（3）入境团游客购买贵重物品特别是文物时，要提醒其保管好发票以备出海关时查验；在他们购买中成药、中药材时，要向其讲清中国海关的有关规定。What is the national guide required to do when the group has arrived in the hotel?(1)When the group has arrived in the hotel, the national guide must take an active part in the work of checking in the hotel

(2)While the responsibility of assigning rooms to the group members is usually undertaken by the tour escort, the national guide must take an active part in the work of checking in at the hotel.(3)When the tourists have got their room numbers, the national guide should show them the way to their rooms

(4)If the local guide is not staying in the hotel for the night, the national guide must take full responsibility of taking care of the group

(5)In addition, the national guide should note down the telephone number of the hotel reception and must inquire of the local guide about the way of getting in touch with him in case of emergency.24、在旅行团抵达酒店时，全陪有哪些工作要做？ 答：（1）积极主动地协助领队办理旅游团的入住手续；

（2）请领队非配住房，全陪要掌握住房分配名单，并于领队互通房号以便联系；（3）热情引导游客进入房间；

（4）如地陪不住酒店，全陪要负起全责，照顾好旅行团；

（5）掌握酒店前台的电话号码以及与地陪联系的办法，以备必要时联系。

25.What should the national guide do in order to supervise the service of the local travel companies? If the sightseeing program in a city is much the same as those as those in the preceding cities, the national guide must suggest that the local guide should make some changes.He must frankly give his opinions to the local guide if he has any complaint about the service of the local tour company;for example.if the meals, hotel or tour bus arranged by the local guide deliberately cancel an item on the sightseeing program in an attempt to add anther item for extra charge before he is authorized to do so, or if shopping has taken up too much of the time for sightseeing

If his efforts of taking to the local guide have no effect, he should refer the problem directly to the local travel service leadership or report the matter to the tour organizer if necessary.25、在监督各地服务质量方面，全陪应采取怎样的措施？

答：（1）若某地的活动安排与前几站有明显重复，全陪应建议地陪必要的调整；

（2）若对当地接待工作有意见（如住房、餐饮、车辆达不到原协议的标准、地陪擅自减少取消旅游项目或收费加点以及过多安排购物等），要诚恳地向地陪提出；

（3）如仍未改善，则直接向接待社提出，必要时向组团社报告。

26、What should the national guide of a foreign tourist group do when the group is about to leave the country?（1）When a foreign group’s trip to our country is coming to an end and the group is going to leave the hotel for the airport or train station ,the national guide should remind the tourists to check and make sure that they have all their belongings with them and have their travel certificates within easy reach.(2)On the way to the airport or train station, he should earnestly ask the tourists for their comments or complaints on the tour.(3)When the bus is arriving at the airport or train station, he should make a farewell speech to give thanks to the tourists for their cooperation and understanding and express his expectation for their

return.26、在入境团即将离境时，全陪要做好那些工作？

（1）当旅行结束时，全陪要提醒游客带好自己的物品和证件；（2）征求游客对整个接待工作的意见和建议；

（3）致欢送辞，对客人给予的合作表示感谢并欢送再次光临。

27、Try to make a farewell speech to the tourists in the tourists in the name of a national guide.The following points should be included in the speech :(1)Reviewing the trip of the group and giving your thanks to the tourists for their cooperation.(2)Expressing your friendliness to the tourists and your reluctance and regret to park with them.(3)Inviting suggestions and opinions from the tourists.(4)Offering apologies to the tourists if things on the tour were not going smoothly or if the tourists are not satisfied with the service they have received.(5)Expressing your good wishes to the tourists.27、是以全陪的身份对旅行团致一段欢送词。要求包括以下内容：

（1）回顾旅游活动，感谢大家的合作；（2）表达友谊和惜别之情；

（3）诚恳征求游客对接待工作的意见和建议；

（4）若旅游活动中有不顺利或旅游服务有不尽如人意之处，导游人员可借此机会再次向游客赔礼道歉；（5）表达美好的祝愿。

A National Guide’s farewell Speech(For Reference)Ladies and Gentlemen:

Your visit to Chine is coming to an end.In the last 10 days ,you have climbed up on the Great Wall, which is one of the on of the eight wonders of the world and was once said to be the only man-made object on earth man could see from the moon;you have visit the home of the Ming and Qing emperors-the Forbidden City in Beijing;you have reviewed the guards of honor of the Qin emperor in Xi’an ,I mean the 6000terracotta figures of soldiers and horses dating back over 2000 years, you have feasted you eyes on the beautiful karts scenery in Guilin ,and you have tasted the best Chinese food in Guangzhou …Anyway ,you have got an idea of how China looks like.But, China is a big country with vast territory of 9.6 million square kilometers with a population of 1.3 billion and a recorded history of nearly 5000 years.A 10-day visit to China, as a Chinese idiom goes, is just like a hurried journey of dragonflies, skimming the surface of the water looking for food.Therefore, you should come again if you want to get a better understanding of the country.I look forward to seeing you again in China in the near future.However, I know it is time you went home and rejoined your family.On this occasion before your immediate departure, I should say I’ve got a very nice group of very nice people and it’s been my pleasure staying with you over the last 10 days.I understand that the tour is not a satisfaction to you all and our work leaves much to be desired, so any comments or complaints from you will be much appreciated.Friends, yours has been such a nice group that I hate to say good-bye to you and so I say “See you again!”Take care everybody and I wish you a pleasant journey home!

28、In what manner must tour guides behave before the excessive demands and critical remarks tourists?(1)First, he should have the patience to listen to the tourist and must not interrupt them to assert that their demands are unreasonable, or just find an excuse for refusal.(2)Second, he should keep smiling all the time and must not talk to the tourist or become impatient the moment he hears something unpleasing to the ear.(3)Third, he should have the patience to explain to the tourists why it is impossible to satisfy their demands even if they are reasonable and must not flatly refuse them simply by saying “No, it is impossible!”

28、面对游客的苛求和挑剔，导游人员应如何应付？

（1）一要认真倾听，不要没有听完就指责游客的要求不合理或胡乱解释；（2）二要微笑对待，不要一听到不顺耳的话就表示反感还恶语相向；

（3）三要耐心解释，对合理的但不可能办到的要求，要耐心地、实事求是地解释，不要以“办不到”一口拒绝。

29、What kind of relationship should be maintained between the tour guide and the tourists ?(1)The tour guide must bear in mind that he is the host and must behave as such.He should have the manner of being hospitable, courteous and thoughtful towards the guests.(2)But, the tour guide must not keep much too close a relation with the tourists.He should treat people equally and must not favor one and be prejudiced against the other.He must never tell tales among the tourists, nor must he get involved in the disputes between them.29、在带团的全过程中，导游人员与游客之间应保持怎样的人际关系？

（1）导游人员要记住自己是主任。要有主任热情好客的态度，要有主人的度量，对游客礼让三分。（2）导游人员不要与游客过分亲近，不介入旅行团内部的矛盾和纠纷，不在游客之间搬弄是非，对待游客要一视同仁，不厚此薄彼。

30、How are tour guides to assist foreign tourists to meet with people in China ? When the foreign tourists in a group of a special trade are scheduled to meet with their Chinese counterparts, the tour guides is duty-bound to act as an interpreter.If another interpreter is appointed, he can just sit aside and listen quietly.In case the tourists want to meet with their friends or relatives in China, the tour guide can help them with arrangements, but usually he is not necessarily responsible for interpretation.30、导游人员应如何协助、安排入境游客的会见活动？

（1）当游客（主要是专业旅行团）会见中国方面的同行或负责人，必要时导游人员课充当翻译；若另有翻译，导游人员可在一旁静听。

（2）若游客会见在华亲友，导游员应协助安排，一般情况下没有充当翻译的义务。

31、What must the local guide de before setting out to meet the tourist group in order that the group may be properly arranged? In order to make sure that the tour bus for the group is properly arranged, the local guide must: Call the tour bus company to inquire about the model and number of the bus and the name and telephone number of the driver, and the …

Get in touch with the driver to decide when and where they shall meet and, at the same time, tell the driver the itinerary and sightseeing program of the group.31、地陪在接团前应如何落实旅游车辆？

（1）与车队联系，确定他车型、车牌号和司机姓名及电话；（2）与司机确定接头地点并告知活动日程和具体时间安排。

32、What articles should the local guide get ready for conducting a tourist group ?

Before setting out to meet the group, the local guide should get the following things ready for use in conducting the group: adequate copies of tourist maps or brochures and admission tickets according to the number of people in the group, vouchers or cash for meals or other expenses, tour plan of the group, tour guide’s identity certificate, sign board and flag of his travel service and so on.32、地陪上团前应准备好那些物品？

上团前，按人数领取导游图、门票、用餐结算单和费用，带好接待计划、导游证IC卡、本社社牌、导游旗、接站牌等必备物品。

33、What should the local guide do when the group is on the way to a tourist resort? When the group is on the way to the tourist resort for sight-seeing, the local guide should … Announce to the tourists the sight-seeing program of the day;Take occasion to make the tourists acquainted with the sights passed by;and … Give them a general description of the place they are going to visit.33、在旅行团前往景点参观的途中，地陪应做些什么？（1）重述当日的活动的安排；(2)做好沿途风光导游；（3）扼要介绍景点的情况。

34、What should the local guide tell the tourists when they gathering in front of the sketch map of the tourist resort?(1)On this occasion, the local guide should illustrate to the tourists the route of their procession, tell then how long they will stay and at what time and what place they shall meet to leave for the next destination.(2)In the meantime, he should make clear other matters deserving their attention while visiting the place.34、在景点示意图前，地陪应向游客交代些什么？(1)讲明游览路线、所需时间、集合时间和地点；（2）讲明游览参观过程中的有关注意事项。

35、What should the local guide tell the tourists when they are having an elaborate dinner of typical local dishes ?

On this occasion, the local guide should try to make the tourists acquainted with the famous local dishes, their ingredients, ways of preparation and serving, and the stories relating to them, if any.35、在风味餐宴上，地陪要向游客介绍些什么？

地陪要向游客介绍风味名菜的选料、烹制，有关典故及其吃法。

36、What is the right manner for the national guide to deal with the conflicts between the tour escort and the group member?(1)The national guide must not inquire deeply into the details of their conflict.(2)He must not get involved in their disputes by stating his view to favor one side against the other.(3)On the contrary, he must act as a peace-maker to mediate between them, if possible.36、领队与客人之间出现矛盾时，全陪应该怎么办？（1）全陪对他们之间的矛盾不宜寻根纠底；（2）不宜发表自己的意见，不宜介入矛盾；（3）必要时可帮忙协调他们之间的关系。

37、what should the national guide to do ensure that the tourists will be safe from accident while they are sightseeing?(1)When the group is doing sightseeing, the national guide should help the local guide with his work.He should keep a close watch on the surroundings and the movements of the tourists so as to guard against accidents and see to it that the tourists will not wander away from the group.(2)He should often advise the tourists to stay safe from danger and remind them to take care of their personal belongings.If unfortunately an accident should happen, he must rely on the local travel service to handle it properly.38、What should the nation guide do when the group is traveling long distance(by plane ,train or ship)?(1)When the group is traveling long distance by plane, train or ship, the national guide must try to seek help from the crew to ensure that the tourists will be taken good care of and will stay safe from danger.(2)He should also remind the tourists to watch the safety of their own persons and their personal belongings.(3)He must have their meals and recreational activities properly arranged and make sure that they can have a good rest on board.(4)When traveling on train, he should help the tour leader with the work of assigning sleeping berths to the group members.39 what should the national guide do when the group is to leave a city for the next destination? 1 When the group’s visit to a city is coming to an end , the national guide should consult the local guide to make sure that transport tickets for the next destination are confirmed and …

Help the local guide and the tour escort with the necessary procedures for leaving the city.3 In the meantime, he must keep and take care of the transport ticket and luggage claim of the group.40 how is a tour guide to get mental prepared for conducting tourist groups?

(1)A tour guide must be prepared to hear hear hardships and trouble.He not only must render a warm service to the tourist according to the routine working procedure , but must also be ready at all times to tack any problems and accidents probably occurred in the course of the tour and to offer additional service to particular tourist.(2)A tour guide must be fully prepared to endure grumble and coming plaints.No matter how hard a tour guide tries to serve the tourist attentively, there would always be someone who finds fault to make complaints.So the tour guide must be fully prepared for this and, when this happen, he must have enough of the patience and tolerance to proceed with without his work without resentment.

第二篇：导游证现场面试

现场面试要注意的几个细节

一、尊重除考官以外的考场工作人员，他们有确定考生是否违规的权力，如被认定违规（如在考场范围内喧哗、不按指定时间和考场参考、言行不当、不按时离开考场等）将取消考试成绩和补考资格。

二、多使用礼貌用语，如“老师们好！”、“各位老师辛苦了！”、“谢谢您的指点！”、“再见！”等，虽然在考试评分细则中对此没有硬性规定，但通常会影响到考官的主观印象，从而影响其打分。

三、注意着装，虽然已是入冬，但在日常厚外套内最好配上正规礼服，入考室时可以先除去放在门外，否则形象臃肿不堪。

四、进行讲解和答问时务必注视考官，带一种自信神情，以免给考官留下紧张、背书和害怕的感觉。

五、遇到答不出的问题可以进行推测，但一定要声明是个人看法，如果实在没有把握，最好坦白承认，并当场求教考官，切忌不懂装懂。

六、考官提问时要认真倾听，然后思考两秒再作答，不要脱口而出，会让考官觉得不稳重，缺乏思维的慎密。

七、如觉得在面试时手足无措，最好准备一枝笔带入，讲解时双手握笔，以免感觉手没地方放，同时也可作为导游指示棒使用。

八、面带微笑，微笑表情可以给人以坦诚、自信、友好之感，面无表情或紧锁双眉容易让考官为你担心，从而影响得分。

九、与考官保持适当距离，以两米至四米为宜，紧邻考官会招致考官不满.十、不要向考官打听成绩，不要强调客观原因导致发挥失常，考官通常会以发展潜力为主要衡量标准，如果苦苦哀求或多嘴多舌反而可能产生负面影响。

十一、考完后记得拿走身份证、准考证，这是将来领取成绩的依据，非常重要。而且让考官跟在你身后追着要你拿回证件肯定难堪。

十二、最重要的一点——自然。

最后，祝各位考试顺利！好运！

第三篇：湖南导游证考试1

湖南导游证考试是每年一次。

全省导游人员资格考试有关事项通知如下：

一、报名条件

凡具有高级中学、中等专业学校或者以上学历，身体健康，具有适应导游需要的基本知识和语言表达能力的中华人民共和国公民均可报名。

二、报名方式

1、考生可直接到省旅游局培训中心报名，亦可到各市、州旅游局和省旅游教育培训示范点院校（系）报名（名单附后）。

2、报名须出示二代身份证（原件、复印件一份）、学历证、半年内县（区）以上医院或防疫站健康证明的原件、《全国导游人员资格考试报名表》

（http:// 下载）、一寸正面免冠平光红底彩色近期证件照两张。

3、报考中文导游的考生可报考普通话、粤语2个语种，报考外语导游的考生可报考英、日、法、德、西、俄、韩7个语种。每位考生一次只能报考1个语种。

4、已取得《导游员资格证书》、申请加试其它语种的考生，报名时另需提供资格证书原件和复印件，参加所加试语种的《现场导游》考试。

三、报名时间

全省报名时间为6月17日-7月17日（周六、周日不休息）。各市（州）旅游局、旅游教育培训示范点院校（系）要严格按照要求，认真做好报名的组织、审核和汇总工作报省旅游局培训中心，并将考生名册录入EXCEL表格发邮件至ypyh8@163.com，表内需有的考生信息为:姓名、性别、报考语种、学历、身份证号、联系电话、地址，各项均要认真填写，逾期不予受理。

四、考试培训

1、根据国家旅游局关于“培训自愿、考培分开”的原则，考生可自愿参加培训，也可不参加培训。为进一步提高培训质量，各市（州）旅游局、旅游教育培训示范点院校（系）举办的导游人员资格考试考前培训班须认真选派师资力量，做好培训班的教学计划、课程安排，培训时间应不少于100课时，任何单位不得垄断、强制考生培训。确需参加导游考试考前培训班的考生可到省旅游局推荐的具备有旅游教育培训资质的单位参加培训。

2、省旅游局培训中心将委托中南大学铁道学院培训中心在长沙承办考前培训班(白天上课)，培训地点为长沙市旅游职业中专学校；培训时间为 9月11日-9月20日。

五、考试形式

1、导游人员资格考试由电脑上机考试和现场导游考试两部分组成。电脑上机考试科目为：政策法规与职业道德、导游基础、导游实务、汉语言文学，按四科建立四个考试模块，每科考试时间为30分钟，合计120分钟。考试题型为单选、多选、判断和不定项选择。

现场导游考试采用多媒体室内模拟的形式，内容包括景点讲解、电脑题库抽提解答和考官提问。景点讲解的考核由考生从岳麓书院、长沙马王堆汉墓、毛泽东故居、岳阳楼、天子山、金鞭溪、黄石寨、凤凰古城、南岳衡山、崀山、炎帝陵、桃花源、苏仙岭等景点中任选3个景点作为考试候选题,考生通过电脑从选定的3

个候选题中抽取一个景点进行讲解；电脑随机抽题解答包括导游规范、特殊问题处理及应变能力的考题题；考官通过交流、提问给予综合评分。

2、外语考生笔试用中文，现场导游考试用所报语种语言进行考试。

3、考试在全省设10个市州考点，分别为长沙、岳阳、张家界、湘西、郴州、常德、衡阳、娄底、怀化、永州。本地考生在本地考点考试，其中：株洲、湘潭、益阳的考生集中在长沙考点考试；邵阳的考生在娄底考点考试。

4、根据国家旅游局旅人教发（2001）5号文件精神，导游人员资格考试不设补考。

六、考试时间

1、笔试（电脑上机考试）时间为：10月23日至11月30日。每位考生具体考试时间、地点于10月11日起公布在湖南旅游网（http://）并注明在考生的准考证上。

2、现场导游考试时间为：10月26日至11月30日每位考生的具体现场考试时间、地点于10月18日起公布在湖南旅游网（http://）和笔试现场。

3、准考证领取时间：10月18日至10月23日（周六、周日不休息），考生凭二代身份证原件到所在报名点领取。

4、考生凭二代身份证原件、准考证进入考场参加考试，证件不齐者不得进入考场。

七、推荐教材

1、《政策法规与职业道德》，湖南科学技术出版社出版，2010年版，汤静主编。

2、《导游基础》，湖南科学技术出版社出版，2010年版，何丽芳主编。

3、《导游实务》，湖南科学技术出版社出版，2010年版，彭蝶飞主编。

4、《汉语言文学》，湖南科学技术出版社出版，2010年版，夏先培主编。

5、《湖南导游词精选》上、下册，2008年版，湖南省旅游局编。

6、《湖南导游》光盘，湖南省旅游局编。

7、导游员职责中应掌握的日常旅游知识。

八、发证

2月下旬公布考试成绩，考生可通过登录湖南旅游网（http://）查询成绩，成绩合格者于3月下旬核发《中华人民共和国导游员资格证书》，证书在全国通用。

九、报名、考试及教材费用

按照省物价局、省财政厅核准的标准，报名费10元/人，基础知识考试（四科）每科50元，现场考试每人70元，加试外语每人40元。以上合计一般考生每人需交费用280元/人，只加试外语的考生需交费用120元/人。教材费（含光盘20元/张）182元/套。

十、培训收费

各市州旅游局培训中心、各旅游教育培训示范点院校（系）组织导游人员考前培训的收费标准，请按当地财政、物价部门核准的收费标准收取。

十一、省旅游局培训中心报名地点及联系方式

地点：省旅游局办证中心（长沙市东二环二段40号）

电话：0731—84663300

传真：0731—84663300

第四篇：国家公务员考试面试：情景应变题

国家公务员考试面试：情景应变题

公务员面试之情景应变题本：

1.有个方案，你曾向科长反映，科长不采纳，后面发生巨大损失，上级部门找你了解情况，你会怎么办？

2.你是主管教育的副县长，一天一个妇女来上访，说他的女儿在一所中学上学，因为被老师侮辱，从2楼跳下，多处受伤，躺在医院里，你怎么处理？

3.你送一考察团去机场，路上有人说自己身份证落在宾馆了，回去取已来不及了，你如何处理？

4.某市一运行中电梯被困，有目击者称，电梯到达时，20多人蜂拥而入，电梯属于超载运行，结果上行一层就出现故障，谈看法。

1.有个方案，你曾向科长反映，科长不采纳，后面发生巨大损失，上级部门找你了解情况，你会怎么办？

「参考答案」

单位发生巨大损失，我们所有人都感到很痛心，同时也都要对此负起责任，最要紧的事情是看看有没有什么措施能够挽回损失。

第一，我相信科长是一个负责任的人，他一定会在第一时间将这个方案产生的后果向上级领导反映，并把事情的原委说清楚。

第二，我要积极和科长进行沟通，争取提出一个可行的补救方案，尽最大可能挽回损失。

第三，如果上级领导找到我向我了解情况的话，我就要如实把事情的经过告诉上级领导，包括方案的具体策划、执行过程以及效果预期，并对损失情况和关键问题进行简要总结。在这个过程中，我不能因为科长不采纳我的意见而把责任都推给科长，而应该主动承认自己的过失。因为一方面，自己的意见也不一定是正确的意见；另一方面，即使我自己的意见是正确的，然而我却不能把我的观点准确表达给科长，让他听取我的意见，这也是我作为下属的失误。要说明我已经在科长的指导下开始进行方案的修改，对造成的损失进行尽可能的补救。最后听取上级领导的指示意见，争取在上级领导的部署和支持下进一步完善方案，顺利开展工作。

最后，对于此事件我一定要吸取教训，在以后的工作中与领导、同事做好沟通交流工作，尽早看到问题、解决问题，把方案做到最好，避免给单位造成损失。

2.你是主管教育的副县长，一天一个妇女来上访，说他的女儿在一所中学上学，因为被老师侮辱，从2楼跳下，多处受伤，躺在医院里，你怎么处理？

「参考答案」

作为主管教育的副县长，我会深感自己的责任重大，牢固树立民本思想，切实解决群众反映的问题，照顾好每一位学生。针对题中所述的这种情况，我会从以下几个方面来做：

第一，热情接待这位妇女朋友，让她先冷静下来，并让她把所了解的情况详细说一遍，我会做好记录，并告诉这位妇女朋友，让她好好照顾自己的女儿，政府一定会认真的对待这件事情。如果经过调查，事情属实，对于违法者，我们一定会按照法律法规严肃处理。

第二，与事件发生的学校联系，要求其积极配合公安部门对此次事件进行调查，如果事情的真相确实如妇女朋友所说，那么对于违法的老师要依法严肃处理。在全县大力进行宣传教育，提升老师的职业道德，避免类似事件的再次发生。同时对学生加强教育，提高其用法律的武器来保护自己的意识。

第三，如果这次事件的发生是女学生自身原因，那么督促学校在以后的教学过程中，要注意对学生进行心理辅导，老师要善于发现学生的心理变化。同时对女学生的母亲进行思想教育，表明如果有困难可以向学校、政府、社会求助，这种不诚信的做法是不可取的。

最后，我会带领相关人员对受害者进行慰问，表示政府的关心，希望她能够尽快的康复，全身心投入到学习当中来。

3.你送一考察团去机场，路上有人说自己身份证落在宾馆了，回去取已来不及了，你如何处理？「参考答案」

身份证是乘客登机的重要证件，如果没有携带身份证的话，要想登机会很麻烦。当我送一考察团去机场时，路上有人说身份证落在宾馆了，而且回去拿已经来不及了，面对这种情况，我应该秉承的原则是既要顺利地送考察团上飞机，还要及时让该名考察团成员将身份证拿到手，因此我会具体采取以下措施。首先，稳定落身份证在宾馆的人员的情绪，让他不要着急，避免他的情绪影响了全体考察团的登机安排，然后向他具体了解情况，问他身份证是否确定落在宾馆，是否记得大概遗忘在哪里，以及身上是否有工作证、户口本等其他能够证明身份的有效证件在身上。

其次，根据了解到得情况，我会具体采取以下措施。第一，要保持全体考察团成员继续赶往机场，并机场候机即可；如果宾馆人员找到了但是不能送来，则看看宾馆附近有没有熟人在，让他们帮忙送过来；第二，如果身份证确实不能在登机前拿到手，但他携带了工作证、户口本等有效证件在身上的话，则在赶到机场后向民航公安机关申请开具临时登机证明，考察团登机后我要立即回到宾馆拿到身份证，并立即给该名成员快递过去；如果该名考察团成员身上也没有这些有效证件的话，我就让考察团继续赶向机场，而我陪同这名成员回到宾馆拿到身份证后再赶向机场，办理机场改签，让他乘坐下一班航班赶上考察团的大部队。总之要保证考察团其他成员的顺利登机，同时让这名落身份证在宾馆的成员顺利登机。

最后，我要总结经验教训，考察团成员中有人落身份证在宾馆，我作为送行人员也有不可推卸的责任，肯定是我事先的提醒工作没有做好，才导致有人忘带身份证，因此在以后的工作中我一定要做到细心谨慎，尽心尽力把工作做好。

4.某市一运行中电梯被困，有目击者称，电梯到达时，20多人蜂拥而入，电梯属于超载运行，结果上行一层就出现故障，谈看法。

「参考答案」

电梯因为超载而出现事故，虽然未造成严重的后果，但其反映的诸多问题却不得不引起我们的认真反思。我认为应当以此为鉴，反省改正其中的问题，做到防微杜渐。

第一，电梯都有载重限制，在运行时如果超载，一般会发出警告的铃声同时暂停运行，直到载荷减少到规定标准以下，这是一个常识。而事故电梯在超载情况下依然能够上行，明显违背了合格电梯的运行要求，存在严重的质量问题。针对这一情况，有关产品质量监督管理部门应当认真查明事故原因，如果是电梯本身的产品质量问题就要追究生产者、销售者的责任，如果是维护不当则要追究运行方的保障责任，必

要地时候还要追究责任人的刑事责任。

第二，电梯事故的直接原因是使用人数众多、超载运行。由提供的材料可以看出，有限的电梯数量无法满足乘客的需要，特别是在上下班的早晚高峰期，电梯数量更是不敷使用。这一问题的实质和出行难等问题是一致的，要真正解决这一问题不能“头痛医头脚痛医脚”，而要从大局着眼，合理规划城市建设，科学管理城市运行。比如实行错时上下班，电梯分层运行，不盲目建设高层建筑等等。

第三，由材料可以看出，“电梯到达时，20多人蜂拥而入”，没有秩序和谦让，反映出公民的素质还有待提高。诚然每个人的时间都很宝贵，但是和生命相比较，生命更加重要，对于公民的遵守公共秩序的常识和意识急需加强。

总之，电梯事件提供了一个很好的样板。对于市民和公务人员而言，都是应该时刻提醒自己，遵守秩序，营造一个和谐的社会而努力。

第五篇：2012导游证现场考试--中山陵

十一、中山陵

【景点概述】2分30秒

1、地理位置、建陵时间、5A级景区

2、墓址选定

3、中山陵的设计者及设计特点

4、孙中山生平

5、奉安大典

各位游客，中山陵景区位于南京市紫金山南麓的小茅山。是我国伟大的民主革命先行者孙中山先生的陵墓，是全国重点文物保护单位，是国家5A级景区。

1925年孙中山先生去世后，根据他生前的遗愿选定了墓址。你们也许会问：孙先生出生于广东，逝世于北京，毕生为革命奔波于各地，为什么要选择南京作为自己的长眠之地呢？孙先生临终前嘱咐“吾死之后，可葬于南京紫金山麓，因为南京为临时政府成立之地，所以不可忘辛亥革命也。”陵墓建于1926年，于1929年完工，整个陵墓由南向北沿着山势逐级升高，主要建筑有：牌坊、墓道、陵门、碑亭、平台、祭堂、墓室。它的设计者吕彦直匠心独具，将整个陵寝设计为“木铎”之状，寓含警钟长鸣之意。

陵墓主体工程完工后，国民政府为孙先生举行了隆重的奉安大典。将先生的遗体自北京香山碧云寺移出，由专列护送抵达南京，在国民党中央党部举行三天公祭后，于1929年6月1日举行了奉安大典，从此孙先生就一直长眠于此，距今已有80多年。

接下来，我为您简单介绍一下孙先生的生平。孙先生于1866年出生在广东省香山县翠亨村，年少时学习医学，后来弃医从政。于1905年在日本成立了中国同盟会，被推举为总理，他提出了“驱除鞑虏、恢复中华、建立民国、平均地权”的著名纲领，及“民族、民权、民生”的三名主义学说，1911年武昌起义爆发后，被十七省代表一致推举为中华民国临时大总统，于1912年元月1日在南京宣誓就职。此后又经历了二次革命、护国运动、护法运动等风风雨雨。在1924年1月广州召开的中国国民党第一次全国代表大会上，他将旧三民主义发展为新三民主义，提出了“联俄、联共、扶助农工”的三大政策。同年11月他应冯玉祥将军之邀抱病北上共商国家大计，因积劳成疾于1925年3月12日病逝在北京。

【陵前部分】2分钟

1、孝经鼎的重量、高度和鼎腹的刻字及内置六角铜牌上的内容

2、博爱坊的建筑特色，高度、宽度及正中匾额的“博爱”题字及出处

3、墓道的长度、宽度及特点

各位游客，我们现在就来到了中山陵的陵园广场，正南端是一座八角形石台，石台上有一尊三足两耳的紫铜宝鼎，重达五千公斤，高4.25米、腹径1.23米，是中山陵纪念装饰之一。它是由广州中山大学的全体师生于1933年秋捐资建造，在鼎的腹部刻有“智仁勇”三个字，这是中山大学的校训。鼎的上半部还有六角形的铜牌，上面有原中山大学校长戴季陶的母亲黄氏老夫人所书的孝经全文，所以这座鼎又被称为孝经鼎。

大家现在看到的是半月形博爱广场，由广场踏阶而上，迎面是一座四柱三门的冲天式仿古石牌坊，称为博爱坊，它的高度为12米，花岗岩石柱上盖蓝色琉璃瓦，柱脚前后夹抱鼓石，牌坊上雕刻莲花瓣及和玺彩画等图案。正中横额有孙中山先生亲手所书的“博爱”两字，语出自韩愈《原道》“博爱之为仁”，孙先生以伟大的博爱精神致力于资产阶级革命，为民族的独立自由奋斗不息，可以说“博爱”二字正是对他一生高度概括的最好写照。

博爱坊向前是墓道，墓道长480米，共有三道，中道最宽为9米，东西两道为4.5米，间隔墓道两侧用两两相对的雪松、荟柏、银杏和红枫取代了古代帝王陵墓神道前的石人、石兽，更能体现中山先生的高风亮节。整个陵前广场部分气势开阔，绿化规整，具有西方园林开阔大气的美感。【陵门、碑亭】2分30秒

1、陵门前广场简介

2、陵门的建筑特点，“天下为公”匾额题字及出处

3、碑亭的形状、建筑特点，碑的高度、特点和碑上的题字

4、台阶与八大平台简介：包括台阶和平台的数量、寓意，第五层和顶层平台的重要陈设

穿过墓道，来到陵门平台。根据吕彦直的设计，整个陵墓平面为“木铎”形。木铎的声音洪亮，而且传的很远，有“使天下皆达道”的寓意，其用意也在警示后人。陵门广场的边缘就是当年吕彦直设计的“自由之钟”的下缘。广场东西栽有千头松和银杏。陵门前有汉白玉石狮一对，显得非常的庄严古朴。现在我们看到的单檐歇山式建筑就是陵门，上覆蓝色琉璃瓦。陵门正中的门额上，有孙中山先生亲手所书的“天下为公”四个字，这四个字出自于孔子《礼记、礼运》中的“大道之行也，天下为公”，意思是国家政权不是哪一家的天下，而是天下人的天下，是老百姓的天下。是与“家天下”相对立的思想。这是对三民主义的极好注解。也是孙中山先生毕生奋斗的崇高理想。

穿过陵门我们现在看到的是碑亭，重檐歇山顶，上覆蓝色琉璃瓦，亭内石碑高8.1米，正中镌刻有国民党党徽，上面是原国民政府主席、行政院院长谭延闿手书的“中国国民党葬总理孙先生于此，中华民国十八年六月一日”24个颜体楷书镏金大字。由此可见孙中山先生的葬礼为“党葬”。

从碑亭往后就是层层叠叠的台阶，碑亭到祭堂这段石阶共有290层，分为八段，象征着三民主义、五权宪法。五权宪法是国民政府时期的政权组织形式，即由行政、立法、司法、考试、监察五院合掌权利。第四层平台上，陈列着一对紫铜鼎，是当时上海特别市政府捐赠的，鼎身刻有“奉安大典”四个字，在西侧的鼎上有日军侵华时留下的弹孔。第五层平台上有一对石狮，是福建名匠蒋文子先生的杰作。

【祭堂、墓室】3分钟

1、祭堂前平台简介

2、祭堂的建筑特点和规模、“天地之气”直额及三拱门上的“民族、民生、民权”题字

3、祭堂内的布局：色彩、十二根黑大理石柱、东西墙裙的《建国大纲》、内顶党徽图案及孙中山坐像

4、坐像基座六幅石雕的方位和名称

5、墓室门简介、墓室内部的建筑特色、圆形石圹的直径和深度，孙中山卧像简介

6、墓穴简介

中山陵的修建依托紫金山，陵墓更显气势雄伟壮观。从最下方的博爱坊到祭堂，我们已经走过了平面大约700米，高度大约70米的距离。

先生的祭堂与墓室依托着钟山气势，更显巍峨，让谒陵者感悟中山先生的革命精神与浩然正气长留天地之间。

第8层的平台上，有孙先生长子孙科一家敬赠的青石鼎。祭堂前还有国民政府主席林森捐赠的一对华表。

现在我们就来到了祭堂和墓室。祭堂墓室的修建为一期工程，工程开始于中山先生逝世一周年后的1926年3月12日，在祭堂的后面开辟墓包花园，内有中山陵建设史料展，用大量翔实的图片与文字资料展示了中山陵从设计、建设到奉安大典的全过程。

祭堂是陵墓的主体建筑，重檐歇山顶，丄覆蓝色琉璃瓦，坊额正中是中山先生手书“天地正气”四字直额，祭堂正面有三扇拱形大门，在门楣上有国民党元老张静江所书的“民族，民权，民生”六个篆字。

祭堂内采用云南的大理石铺地，十二根黑大理石柱采用四隐八显的手法，左右两侧的护壁上有孙先生手书的《建国大纲》全文。顶上的斗式藻井是用马赛克镶嵌的国民党党徽。祭堂正中孙中山坐像由法国雕刻家保罗.阿林斯基用意大利白石雕刻。孙先生身穿长袍马褂，膝上摊着展开的文卷，双目凝视前方，神情沉思。在坐像底部的四周，还有六幅浮雕，分别是如抱赤子，出国宣传，商讨革命，国会授印，振聋发聩，讨袁护国。反映了孙中山先生从事革命活动的片断。

祭堂与墓室相通。墓门分为两道，外门为两扇对开铜门，门额上有孙先生为黄花岗烈士手书的“浩气长存”四个字。第二道门为单扇铜门，门上刻有张静江纂书“孙中山先生之墓”，墓室为穹隆状封闭式建筑。顶部是用马赛克镶嵌的国民党党徽图案。墓室中央是一大理石石圹，石圹中有孙中山先生的白色大理石卧像，是由捷克雕刻家高琪雕刻而成。孙先生的遗体就安葬在石圹下5米深处。自1929年6月1日到今天墓室从未被打开过。【附属纪念建筑】1分钟

1、孙中山纪念馆

2、音乐台、光华亭、行健亭、流徽榭

3、中山植物园（原总理陵园植物园）

中山陵周围有许多附属建筑，孙中山先生纪念馆，原名为藏经楼，收藏有孙先生的图片资料及实物，在藏经楼后有三民主义碑廊。藏经楼外有一尊孙中山铜像，是中山先生的日本友人梅屋庄吉捐赠的。

音乐台，是由美国旧金山华侨代表和国民党辽宁省党部捐资建造的。此外还有光华亭、行建亭、流徽榭等社会各界捐建的中山陵纪念建筑。

中山陵的周边还有中山植物园，廖仲恺、何香凝墓，谭延闿墓、紫霞湖、正气亭等建筑，大家有时间可以前去游览。

各位游客，中山陵的讲解就到这里结束，我们接下来要游览的景点是灵谷寺，请各位游客30分钟后在停车场集合上车，谢谢大家！