第一篇：高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)
英语修辞手法
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如：
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:
1>.The kettle boils.水开了.2>.The room sat silent.全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:
Lend me your ears, please.请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)
他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）
这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉
这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
例如:
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花）
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.2>.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）
品尝Mozart的音乐.6.Personification 拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.例如:
1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）
2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）7.Hyperbole 夸张
夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..例如:
1>.I beg a thousand pardons.2>.Love you.You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.8.Parallelism 排比,平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.例如:
1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free;no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral;no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法
婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.例如:
1>.He is out visiting the necessary.?? 他出去方便一下.2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate.他与妻子关系不融洽.3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997.（去世）10.Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）
建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances;an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书
这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为“换个方式的说法”.它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.例如:
1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草
真正意味：趁热打铁
2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑 11.Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.例如:
1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）
2>“Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you.”the waiter said to the beggar.12.Pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.例如:
1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.13.Parody 仿拟
这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.例如:
1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问）
它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.例如:
1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?
15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶
这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.例如:
1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2>.You are staying;I am going.3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.16.Paradox 隽语
这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法..例如:
1>.More haste, less speed.欲速则不达
2>.The child is the father to the man.（童年时代可决定人之未来）三岁看大，四岁看老。
17.Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻
这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.例如:
1>.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见
2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.18.Climax 渐进法,层进法
这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象.例如:
1>.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.2>.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.19.Anticlimax 渐降法
与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.例如:
1>.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.2>.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes 20.Rhetorical repetition
叠言这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中，将相同的结构，相同意义词组成句子重叠使用，以增强语气和力量。
1、It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.它必须用我们这些对于未来，对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。
2、...Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.因为优良的医疗技术和外科手术意味着更快地治疗病人，更少痛苦，更少不安，更少死亡，更少疾病，和更少残废。
21.Onomatcpocia
拟声是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。
1、On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing.在学校房屋的屋顶上一些鸽子正轻轻地咕咕叫着。
2、She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt——sunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one.她使我接触到所有够得着的或者感觉得到的东西，如阳光呀，丝绸摆动时的沙沙声呀，昆虫的叫声呀，开门的吱嗄声呀，亲人的说话声呀。
22.Alliteration.头韵法在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。
How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.23 Syllepsis: 一语双叙 It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法).For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him.(Here us is used to refer to you and me.)
In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence.For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career.(Here to losing one's limbs in literal;to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)
24.Zeugma: 轭式搭配
It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses.For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night.(Here noon is not strong enough to burn)25.Innuendo: 暗讽
It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout way at something disparaging or uncomplimentary to the person or subject mentioned.For example, the weatherman said it would be worm.He must take his readings in a bathroom.26.Sarcasm: 讽刺
It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony.It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked.For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.27.Apostrophe 顿呼
In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person(dead or absent)is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said.For instance, England!awake!awake!awake!28.Transferred Epithet 转类形容词
It is a figure of speech where an epithet(an adjective or descriptive phrase)is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really apply or belong.E.g.I spent sleepless nights on my project
1.Simile: a figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image.It is explicit comparison recognized by the use of words like, as, seem, as if, as though, such as.e.g.Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit.…and the fattest woman I have ever seen in my life dozing in a straight-backed chair.It was as if a sack of grain was supported by a match box.The pen to a writer is what a gun to a fighter.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume
wealth without producing it.Words and feather are tossed by the wind.When he moves, his little agility suggested a tame panther without the claws.2.Metaphor: a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.e.g.The sunshine of happiness is made up of very little beams.(compare: Happiness is like sunshine: it is made up of very little beams.)
Money is bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drown in it.Beware of little expenses.A small leak will sink a great ship.I fall upon the thorns of life!I bleed.His hostility melted.By this time the volcanic fires of his nature had burnt down.3.parallelism: comes from Greek, it means to be alongside one another.It put the words, phrases, clauses and sentences similar or close in meaning, or structure alongside one another.e.g.with this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to
go to jail together…
It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the emotions that she
had been prepared for.4.Antithesis: the rhetorical opposing or contrasting of ideas by means of grammatically paralleled arrangement of words, clauses or sentences.e.g.when poverty comes in at the door, love flies out at the window.Men make houses, women make home.We found ourselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit.As for me: give me liberty or give me death.5.allusion(典故，隐喻，): usually an implicit reference, perhaps to another work of literature or art, to a person or an event.e.g.Your want your pound of flesh?
I never believe until then that any meal could defeat me, but on that day I met my
waterloo.6.Anaphora: the rhetorical device of repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.eg.Let us be dissatisfied until America…Let us dissatisfied until slums…Let us be dissatisfied until integration…
7.Chiasmus(交错配列词): a reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases eg.A well-educated man should know something of everything and everything of something.An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.Love makes time pass, time makes love pass.8.Paradox is a statement that appears to be logically contradictory and yet may be true, the purpose of which is to provoke fresh thought.e.g.More haste, less speed.The Child is father of the Man 9.Alliteration: 头韵occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of two or more words in succession
eg.A misty morning may have a fine day.He remained loyal to me through thick and thin.He is as proud as a peacock.10.Transferred epithet : 修饰转换移位修饰the transference of an adjective to a noun to which it is not wholly appropriate eg.There was a short, thoughtful silence.This is the cheapest market in this country.He closed his busy life at the age of sixty.11.Understatement: Understatement is used when a speaker wants to a make a situation seem less strong or important than it is.It is often, but not always, expressed by the negation of the opposite.eg.London is not the cheapest place in the world.(London is expensive)He's a little on the old side.(Her new husband is old)I wouldn't say it tasted great.(The food is terrible)
12.Hyperbole: deliberate and obvious exaggeration used for effect.eg.Her wrinkles weigh more than she does!(she is very old)
My history teacher's so old, he lived through everything we've learned about ancient Greece
I think of you a million times a day.13.Metonymy:(转喻)the kind of figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used in place of that of another associated with or suggested by it.e.g.He is too fond of the bottle.The crown presided the new year party in the palace.14.Synecdoche:(提喻)in which a term is used in one of the following ways: Part of something is used to refer to the whole thing or A thing(a “whole”)is used to refer to part of it or
A specific class of thing is used to refer to a larger, more general class, or A general class of thing is used to refer to a smaller, more specific class, or A material is used to refer to an object composed of that material, or A container is used to refer to its contents.Eg.He earns his bread by writing.Australia beat Canada at cricket.He is the Newton of this century.He was hurt and he needed Band-Aid.(for any variety of adhesive bandage)She was dressed in silks.Ps: 最后两种修辞比较容易混淆, synecdoche重点 “部分代整体整体代部分材料代成品”。
Pps: 如考试中出现句子中有两个或以上修辞,写出最有把握的一种即可。
第二篇：最常考的8大修辞手法
最常考的8大修辞手法
一、修辞的类别及特点 一比喻 1.概念
比喻是“打比方”。即两种不同性质的事物，彼此有相似点，便用一事物来比方另一事物的修辞。比喻一般由三部分构成，即本体（被比喻的事物）、喻体（作比喻的事物）和比喻词（比喻关系的标志性词语）组成。2.构成比喻的必备条件
（1）甲和乙必须是本质不同的事物，否则不能构成比喻。一个句子是不是比喻，不能单看有没有比喻词，下面几处情况，虽有喻词，但不是比喻。①同类相比。例如：她的性格很像她母亲。②表示猜度。例如：这天黑沉沉的，好像要下雨了。
③表示想像。例如：每当看到这条红领巾，我就仿佛置身于天真烂漫的少年时代。④表示举例。例如：社会主义的中国，在党的阳光照耀下，涌现出许多英雄人物，像雷锋、焦裕禄等。
（2）甲乙之间必须有相似点。3.比喻的种类
（1）明喻。本体和喻体都出现，中间用比喻词“像、似、仿佛、犹如”等联结，有时后面还有“似的”、“一样”等词语配合。明喻的典型形式是：甲像乙。例如：叶子出水很高，像亭亭的舞女的裙。春天像小姑娘，花枝招展的。（2）暗喻。本体喻体都出现，中间用喻词“是”、“成了”、“变成”等联结，有时暗喻不用比喻词。暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙。例如：
这里是花的海洋。
那又浓又翠的景色，简直是一幅青绿山水画。
（3）借喻。不出现本体，直接叙述喻体。借喻的典型形式为甲代乙。例如：
忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。一座一座，长虹飞架。二借代 1.概念
借代是用相关的事物来代替所要表达的事物的修辞方式。这种修辞方法不直接说出要说的人或事物。2.借代的种类
（1）用事物特征代本体事物。例如：红眼睛原知道他家里只有一个老娘。（2）具体代抽象。例如：枪杆子里面出政权。
（3）形象代本体。例如：上面坐着两个老爷，东边的一个是马褂，西边的一个是西装。
（4）部分代整体。例如：前面来了一队红领巾。3.运用借代需要注意
必须抓住事物的最典型的特征，对于所借代的事物一般应在一定的语言环境中有所交代。另外，借代的本体和借体不能同时出现。三比拟 1.概念
比拟是把甲事物模拟作乙事物来写的修辞方式。包括把物当作人来写（拟人）；把人当作物来写（拟物）和把此物当作彼物来写（拟物）几种形式。事实上，前一种形式把事物“人化”，后两种形式则是把人“物化”或“把甲物乙物化”。2.种类
（1）拟物。例如：遭到我军的迎头痛击后，敌人夹着尾巴逃跑了。
（2）拟人。例如：海自己醒了，喘着气，转侧着，打着呵欠，伸着懒腰，抹着眼睛。四夸张 1.概念
夸张是为了达到某种表达需要，对事物的形象、特征、作用、程度等方面着意扩大或缩小修辞方式。2.种类
（1）扩大夸张：故意把客观事物说得“大、多、高、强、深……”的夸张形式。如：燕山雪花大如席。
（2）缩小夸张：故意把客观事物说得“小、少、低、弱、浅……”的夸张形式。如：可是当兵一当三四年，打仗总打了百十回吧，身上一根汗毛也没碰断。心眼小的跟针鼻似的。
3.运用夸张需要注意 ①夸张不是浮夸，要有现实生活基础。如下面的夸张就不合情理： 脚下地球当球玩，大洋海水能喝干。
②夸张不能和事实距离过近，否则会分不清是在说事实还是在夸张。五对偶 1.概念
对偶是用数字相等，结构形式相同，意义对称的一对短语或句子来表达两个相对或相近意思的修辞方式。2.种类
（1）正对。上下两句意思相似、相近、相补或相衬的对偶形式。例如：墙上芦苇，头重脚轻根低浅；山间竹笋，嘴尖皮厚腹中空。
（2）反对。上下两句意思相对或相反的对偶形式。如：谦受益，满招损。（3）串对（流水对）。上下两句意思具有承接、递进、因果、假设、条件等关系的对偶形式。如：朔气传金柝，寒光照铁衣。六排比 1.概念
排比是由三个或三个以上结构相同或相似、内容相关，语气一致的短语或句子排列在一起，用来加强语势，强调内容，加重感情的修辞方式。 2.种类
（1）并列性排比。从几个方面表达一个事物，一种思想，句间呈并列关系。如：他们的品质是那样的纯洁和高尚，他们的意志是那样的坚韧和刚强，他们的气质是那样的淳朴和谦逊，他们的胸怀是那样的美丽和宽广。（2）承接性排比。各排比项先后有序，相互承接。如：你要面对红旗回答--你是否为保卫红旗而生，为保卫红旗而战，为保卫红旗而贡献了问心无愧的一生。七设问
设问是明知故问，自问自答，或提出问题不需要确定答案的修辞方式。设问的基本特点是“无疑而问”，设问的目的在于引人注意，启发思考。如：什么是路?就是从没有路的地方践踏出来的，从只有荆棘的地方开辟出来的。八反问
为了加强语气，用疑问句的形式表示确定的意思，常用肯定形式表示否定，用否定形式表示肯定。如：①就说蒋祝英吧，已经经过了这样长久的考验，难道他入党的志愿，也一定要等到死后才能由省委的追认才满足么?②我呢，我难道没有应该责备的地方吗?
二、修辞手法练习题
1.以下没有用比喻的句子是（）
A.海燕像黑色的闪电，箭一般地穿过乌云。B.仿佛一张极大极大的荷叶铺着，满是奇异的绿呀。
C.树缝里也漏着一两点路灯光，没精打采的，是渴睡人的眼。D.叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样。
2.下列句子在修辞运用上与其他三句不同的一句是（）
A.我们要把那些又长又臭的懒婆娘的裹脚，赶快扔到垃圾桶里去。B.区长的意思，要放长线钓大鱼，设法打进他们的组织里去。C.把这些大块的翡翠摔成尘雾和碎末。D.小胡子把洋刀一挥，队伍又出发了。3.运用借代的句子是（）
A.我就知道，我们班获得的成绩是麦场上一堆尖尖的谷物。B.沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳。
C.这海滨的小小侨村呵，简直是喧腾的海洋。
D.洱海，这面光洁的梳妆镜，南北长百余里，东西宽十余里。4.从采用修辞方法的角度，选出与其他三句不同的一句（）A.有的松树像一顶墨绿大伞，支开了等你。
B.船只能缓缓行进，像一个在崇山峻岭之间慢步前进的旅人。C.紧十八盘仿佛一条灰白大蟒，匍匐在山峡当中。D.塑像塑得精致、细腻，一个个都像活的。5.对下列句子的运用修辞方法分析错误的一项是（）
A、晋祠，真不愧为这国锦绣河山中一颗璀璨的明珠。（比喻）B、希特勒，墨索里尼，不都在人民面前倒下去了吗？（设问）C、西湖，仿佛在半醒半睡。（拟人）
D、千万条腿千万只眼，也不够我走来也不够我看！（夸张）6.对下列句子所用修辞，有错误的一项是（）
A.“争渡，争渡，惊起一滩鸥鹭。”“争渡，争渡”运用了反复手法，表现了词人急着寻路回家，奋力划船的情状。
B．“接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红。”运用对偶手法，描绘了一幅风和日雨、红碧交辉的彩色图画、令人心旷神怡。
C．“君子于役，如之何勿思？”运用反问手法表现了女主人公对在外服徭役的丈夫深切的思念之情。D．“两岸青山相对出，孤帆一片日边来。”“出”字运用了夸张手法，写出青山的动态美。
7、下面句中的修辞方法运用不恰当的一项是（）A．她那红润的脸蛋犹如盛开的梨花。
B．南京的“金城”摩托车在广交会上赫然登场。C．阅览室里安静得连针掉到地上的声音都能听见。D．谁会欢迎脱离实际的空头理论家呢？ 8.对句子修辞方法依次判断正确的一项是（）①大海里，闪烁着一片鱼鳞似的银波。②根紧握在地下，叶相触在云间。
③长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。④太阳刚一出来，地上已经像下了火。A．比喻拟人对偶夸张 B．拟人拟人对偶比喻 C．比喻对偶排比比喻 D．拟人对偶排比夸张
9.仿照画线的句子，续写一个句子，与画线的两句构成语意连贯的排比句。人生的意义在于奉献而不在于索取。如果你是一棵大树，就撒下一片阴凉；如果你是一泓清泉，就滋润一方土地；___________，__________。
10.仿照下面例句写一句话，要求与例句格式梧似，并运用比喻等修辞手法。例句：我不是挺立在高山峻岭中的巨松，而是辽阔草原上的一棵小草——为壮丽的河山添上一笔绿意。仿句：
【答案】
修辞方法的理解与运用试题答案：
1、D2、D
3、B
4、D
5、B
6、D
7、A
8、A
9、答案示例：
①如果你是一棵小草，就增添一分绿意。②如果你是一朵小花，就装着一分春色。③如果你是一片云朵，就化作滴滴甘霖。
（答案可多种多样，但应注意运用修辞和句式正确。）
10、答案示例：我不是矗立在广场中央的高大石像，而是绵延千里的路轨下的一颗小石子——为繁忙的交通运输献上全部的力量。
第三篇：初一最常考的几篇英语作文
初一最常考的几篇英语作文
初一最常考的几篇英语作文1
The Way to Keep Healthy
It's important for us to be healthy in our life. We can't study or work well without healthy body.
There're many ways to keep healthy. First of all, we should keep taking exercise every day. We can walk to school instead of taking a bus. After school, we can spend an hour playing ball games. If we live in a high-rise, we can walk upstairs or downstairs. Second, we should have a balanced diet.
Finally, we must remember: Early to bed, early to rise is the way to keep healthy, wealthy and wise.
【汉语翻译】
保持健康的方式
在生活中，健康对我们来说是很重要的`。如果没有健康的身体，我们就不能很好地学习和工作。
有许多方法来保持健康。首先,我们应该每天坚持锻炼身体。我们可以走路上学,而不是坐公共汽车。放学后,我们可以花一个小时玩球类运动。如果我们住在高楼,我们可以走上楼或下楼。第二,我们应该有一个均衡的饮食。
最后,我们必须记住:早睡早起是保持健康、富有和聪明。
初一最常考的几篇英语作文2
To Introduce Myself
Hello, everyone!My name is Winnie. I'm a 15-year-old girl. I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao. I'm an active, lovely, and clever girl.
In the school my favorite subject is math. Perhaps someone thinks it's difficult to study well. But I like it. I believe that if you try your best, everything can be done well.
I also like sports very much, such as running, volleyball and so on. I'm kind-hearted. If you need help, please come to me.I hope we can be good friends!
OK. This is me.A sunny girl.
【汉语翻译】
自我介绍
大家好，我的名字是温妮。我是一个15岁的女孩。我住在美丽的城市日照。
我是一个活跃的,可爱的,聪明的`女孩。在学校我最喜欢的科目是数学。也许有人认为它很难学好，但我喜欢它。我相信如果你尽你最大的努力,一切都可以做得很好。
我也很喜欢运动，例如跑步、排球等等。我很善良，如果你需要帮助,请到我这里来。我希望我们能成为好朋友!
好吧，这就是我，一个阳光明媚的女孩。
初一最常考的几篇英语作文3
My Best Friend
Blair is my classmate as well as my best friend. We have already known each other for ten years.
We live in the same block so that we always go to school together. She has long hair, big eyes and sweet smile, which makes her popular in my class. Blair works hard and she is a good student in the eyes of teachers. Besides, she is clever and kind-hearted. When others turn to her for help, she always tries her best to help.
I feel proud to have such a good friend.
【汉语翻译】
我最好的朋友
布莱尔是我的同学以及我最好的`朋友。我们已经认识十年了。
我们住在同一个街区,我们总是一起去上学。她有长头发,大眼睛,嘴揭着甜美的微笑,这些使得她在我们班很受欢迎。布莱尔努力学习, 在老师眼中，她是一个好学生。除此之外,她很聪明和善良。当别人向她求助时,她总是试着最好的帮助。
我为有这样一位好朋友而感到自豪。
第四篇：六级英语高频词组六级最常考的翻译句子总结
1.abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于；遵守。欢迎下载 2.be absent from….缺席，不在
3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉
4.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态)absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on 5.(be)abundant in(be rich in;be well supplied with)富于,富有
6.access(to)(不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解
7.by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely)安全地, 8.of one’s own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地 ,主动地
9.in accord with 与…一致.out of one’s accord with 同….不一致
10.with one accord(=with everybody agreeing)一致地
11.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根据
12.on one’s own account
1)为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益
2)(=at one’s own risk)自行负责
3)(=by oneself)依靠自己
on account 赊账;on account of 因为;on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.13.take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去
14.give sb.an account of 说明, 解释(理由)
15.account for(=give an explanation or reason for)解释, 说明.16.on account of(=because of)由于,因为.17.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)18.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain about)指控,控告
19.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.20.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉
21.act on 奉行,按照…行动;act as 扮演;act for 代理
22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于
23.adapt…(for)(=make sth.Suitable for a new need)改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)24.in addition(=besides)此外, 又, 加之
25.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外
26.adhere to(=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;坚持, 遵循
27.adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻的, 临近的28.adjust..(to)(=change slightly)调节;适应;
29.admit of(=be capable of, leave room for)…的可能，留有…的余地.30.in advance(before in time)预告, 事先.31.to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.32.have an advantage over 胜过.have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件
have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事
33.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.34.agree with 赞同(某人意见)agree to 同意35.in agreement(with)同意, 一致
36.ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;…………….ahead of time 提前.37.in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体.2)在谣传中.38.above all(=especially, most important of all)尤其是, 最重要的.39.in all(=counting everyone or everything, altogether)总共, 总计
40.after all 毕竟,到底;(not)at all 一点也不;
all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的;first of all 首先;all in all 大体上说;be all in 累极了;all but 几乎.41.allow for(=take into consideration, take into account)考虑到, 估计到.42.amount to(=to be equal to)总计, 等于.43.answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)对…负责.44.answer to(=conform to)适合,符合.45.be anxious about 为…焦急不安;或anxious for 46.apologize to sb.for sth.为…向…道歉
47.appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力
48.apply to sb.for sth.为…向…申请;apply for申请;apply to 适用.49.apply to 与…有关;适用
50.approve of(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)赞成, approve vt.批准
51.arise from(=be caused by)由…引起.52.arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排…做…
53.arrive on 到达;arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrive in 到达某地(大地方);54.be ashamed of(=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth.done)以…为羞耻
55.assure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向…保证, 使…确信.56.attach(to)(=to fix, fasten;join)缚, 系 ,结
57.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)试图做…
58.attend to(=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候,照料
59.attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法
60.attribute…to…(=to believe sth.to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果
61.on the average(=on average, on an average)平均
62.(be)aware of(=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.63.at the back of(=behind)在…后面
64.in the back of 在…后部(里面);on the back of 在…后部(外面);be on one’s back(=be ill in bed)卧病不起.65.at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,维护;have sb.at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台
66.turn one’s back on sb.(=turn away from sb.in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
67.behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)68.be based on / upon 基于
69.on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上
70.beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢
71.begin with 以…开始.to begin with(=first of all)首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)72.on behalf of(=as the representative of)以…名义
73.believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider sth./sb.to be true)相信,依赖,信仰.74.benefit(from)受益,得到好处.75.for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)76.for the better 好转
77.get the better of(=defeat sb.)打败, 胜过.78.by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时;give birth to 出生
79.blame sb.for sth.因…责备某人.blame sth.on sb.把…推在某人身上
80.in blossom开花(指树木)be in blossom开花(强调状态)come into blossom开花(强调动作)81.on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机
82.boast of(or about)吹嘘
83.out of breath 喘不过气来
84.in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
85.in bulk 成批地,不散装的86.take the floor 起立发言 87.on business 出差办事.88.be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
89.last but one 倒数第二.90.but for(=without)要不是.表示假设
91.buy sth.for…money 用多少钱买
92.be capable of 能够, 有能力
be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的
93.in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens;anyhow)无论如何
94.in case(=for fear that)万一;
95.in case of(=in the event of)如果发生…万一
in the case of 至于…, 就…而言
96.in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)97.be cautious of 谨防
98.center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on)把某人的注意力集中在…上
99.be certain of(=be sure of)有把握, 一定.100.for certain of(=for sure)肯定地,有把握地
101.by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然
102.for a change换换环境(花样等)103.charge sb.with …控告某人犯有…
104.in charge of(=responsible for)负责(某事)in the charge of …由…管
105.take charge of(=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)106.charge…for 因…索取(费用), charge sb.with sth.控告某人犯有…
107.round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping)昼夜不停地
108.comment on 评论
109.commit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb.to prison把某人送进监狱;commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论
110.in common(和…)有共同之处,共用.be common to sb.是与某人所共有的
111.keep company with(=be friendly and go out together)和…要好.112.compare…with … 把…与…比较 113.compare…to… 把…比作…
114.by comparison 比较起来
115.in comparison with(=in contrast to)和…比起来
116.compensate for(=give sth.to make up for)补偿, 赔偿,弥补 compensate sb.for sth.赔偿,弥补
117.complain of(or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情;complain to sb.about sth.(or sb.)向某人抱怨…;complain(抱怨);complement(补充);compliment(恭维)118.comply with(=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)遵守, 依从
119.conceive of(think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想
120.concentrate on(or upon)集中,专心
121.be concerned with(=about)与…有关
122.concern oneself about / with 关心
123.in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点;at the conclusion of 当…结束时;124.condemn sb.to 判决
125.on condition that(=if)以…为条件, 假如.in that = because 因为;now that = since 既然
for all that = although 尽管
126.in / out of condition(=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康状况好/不好.in good(bad)condition处于良好(坏)状态
127.confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth.wrong)承认, 供认;confess to a crime 承认罪行.128.confide in(=to talk freely to sb.about one’s secret)对…讲真心话, 依赖
129.in confidence 推心置腹地;with confidence 满怀信心地;have confidence in 对…有信心
130.confidence in sb./ sth.对…的信赖
131.be confident of 有信心;confidential 机密的
132.confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内
133.confirm sb.in 使某人更坚定(信念等)
134.conform to(=be in agreement with, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1)obey服从;2)observe;3)comply with照…办;4)keep to遵循;5)abide by服从;6)stick to按..做
135.be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面对, 面临
136.congratulate sb.on 祝贺
137.in connection with(=with regard to)关于, 138.be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察,知道
139.consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意
140.in consequence(=as a result)结果
141.in consequence of(=as a consequence of)由于…的结果
142.under consideration 在考虑中
143.in consideration of(=in return for, on account of, because of)由于
144.on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration(=take account of, take…into account)考虑到, 把…考虑进去
146.considerate(=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的, 考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的
147.consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的.consist in主要在于.consist with符合,与…一致
148.be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与…一致.be consistent in一贯的, 149.consult sb.on/ about sth.向…征求…方面的意见, 就…向…请教
150.to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快
151.be content with(=be satisfied with)满足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事
152.contrary to(=in opposition to)与…相反
153.on the contrary 相反
154.contrast…with 把…与…相对(对照)155.in contrast to/with 和…形成对比
by contrast 对比之下
156.contribute to 有助于
157.under control(被)控制住 out of control无法控制
158.at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one)在方便的时间或地点.be convenient to / for 对…方便
159.convince sb.of(=cause sb.to believe or feel certain;to persuade sb.)使某人确信,try to persuade sb.to do sth.劝说某人做…
160.cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付, 处理
161.in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at)the comer of a street在街道拐弯处;round the comer拐过弯;be in a tight corner陷入困境
162.correspond(with)(=exchange letters regularly)通信
163.correspond to 相当于.correspond with 符合,一致
164.at all costs不惜任何代价.at the cost of 以…为代价
165.a matter of course 理所当然的事
166.as a matter of course 当然地, 自然地
167.in(during)the course 在…过程中
168.in due course(=without too much delay)没经过太久, 到一定时候
169.on credit赊购;with credit以优异成绩;to one’s credit使某人感到光荣;do sb.credit 使…感到光荣
170．be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的171.cure sb.of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病
172．a danger to对…的危险;be in danger(of)处于…危险中;be out of danger脱离危险
173.to date(=so far, until now)到目前为止
174.out of date过时的；up to date新式的,时兴的;date back to可追溯到;date from从某时期开始(有)
175.deal with(=concern)论及
176.be in debt to sb.欠…的债
177.on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中
in decline 下降;on the increase 在增加
178.to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴
to one’s regret 遗憾;sorrow悲痛;relief 安心;distress 苦恼;shame羞愧;surprise 惊奇;astonishment 惊奇;
179.delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢, 取乐
180.take(a)delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐
181.demand sth.of sb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西.demand sth.from sb.向某人要求(物质的)东西
182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时
183.be dependent on 依靠
184.deprive sb.of sth.剥夺某人某物
185.derive…from(=obtain…from)从…取得,由…来的.derive from(=come from)起源于
186.despair of(=lose all hope of)绝望
187.in despair 绝望
188.despite(=in spite of)不管, 尽管
189.in detail 详细地
190.deviate from 偏离, 不按…办
191.on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食, 节食
192.differ from…in 与…的区别在于…
193.in difficulties…有困难,处境困难，194.discharge sb.(from)…for(=dismiss sb.from a job for)因…解雇, 开除
195.fall back(=retreat, turn back)撤退;in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪
196.on display(=being shown publicly)陈列
197.dispose of(=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉
198.beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议
199.in dispute 在争议中
200.in the distance 在远处.make out 辩认出
201.(be)distinct from(= be different from)与…截然不同
202.distinguish between(=make or recognize differences)辨别
203.distinguish…from 把…与…区别开
204.do away with(=get rid of;abolish;discard eliminate)除去,废除,取消;do away with(=kill)杀掉, 镇压
205.have…to do with 与…有关系
206.without doubt(=undoubtedly)无可置疑地
207.in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对…表示疑惑
208.be due to 是由于
209.come off duty 下班
210.go on duty 上班
211.be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班时
212.be in duty bound to(do)(=be required by one’s job or esp.by conscience)有义务(做)213.be eager for 想得到, 盼望
214.by ear(=play music from memory without having seen it printed)凭记忆,不看乐谱
215.have an ear for(=have keen recognition of sounds esp.in music and language)对..有鉴赏力
216.a word in one’s ear 私房话, 秘密话
217.on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然
218.with ease(= easily)容易, 不费力
219.at(one’s)ease(= without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束
220.put sb.at his / her ease(=free sb.from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束
221.economize on(=save sth.instead of being wasteful)节省
222.have an effect on 对…有影响
223.be in effect(=be in operation)有效
224.go into effect 生效.(近: come into effect;take effect;be brought into effect)225.in effect(=in fact, really)实际上
226.give effect to(=carry out)实行,使…生效 227.to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果
228.(be)of no effect(=useless)无效
229.to the effect that 大意是…,主要内容是…
230.to that effect 是那个意思的…
231.emerge from(=appear, become known)出现, 暴露(问题.意见等)232.place(or put, lay)an emphasis on 强调, 把重点放在…上
233.encourage sb.in 鼓励;encourage sb.in his/her work 鼓励某人工作;encourage sb.in his/her idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲
234.encourage sb.in …with sth.用…鼓励某人做某事
235.on end(=continuously)连续地
236.(be)at an end(=finished)结束了
237.no end of(=very many/much)很多,大量
238.in the end(=finally, eventually)最终
239.at one’s wit’s end(=not knowing what to do or to say)无法可想, 智穷计尽
240.end up with 以…而结束
241.come to and end(=finish)结束
242.end in 以…为结束
243.engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于,从事
244.enter for(=put the name on a list for)报名参加
245.enter into(=begin)开始(谈话, 谈判等)
246.enter on / upon(=begin)开始(一个时代.一种涯.一段任期等)247.be entitled to(=be given the right to do sth.)有权…,有资格… 248.be equal to 等于
249.be/ feel equal to(=have enough strength, ability etc.)(某人)能胜任,能应付
on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地
250.be equipped with 装备有,装有
251.(be)equivalent to(=equal in value, amount, meaning)相等于, 相当于
252.in essence(=in its/one’s nature)本质上
253.at all events(=in spite of everything, in any case)不论怎样, 无论如何
254.in any event(=whatever happens in the future)无论如何, 不管(将来)怎么样
255.in the event that(=if)假如, 如果.in the event 结果, 实际情况是(常与but连用)256.in the event of(=in case of)万一,即使发生..时
257.except 除…以外;besides 除…以外还有..258.except(=but)除了。
259.except for(=apart from)除…以外
260.(an)exception to …的例外
261.with the exception of(=except, apart from)除去…., 除…以外
262.in excess of(=more than)超过
263.exchange…for 以…交换
264.exclusive of(=not taking into account;without)不包括
265.in excuse of 作为…的借口
266.exert…on… 对…施加…
267.exert oneself to do sth.努力,使劲
268.come into existence(=begin to exist)开始存在;come into use开始使用;come into effect开始运转;come into fashion开始时新;come into action开始行动;come into power开始执政;come into sight进入视野;come into blossom开花;269.(be)in existence存在 come into existence 出现 270.expect…of 在…期望…
271.at the expense of在损害…情况下,以…为牺牲
272.expose…to…使暴露于…, 使…受(危险,风险)273.be exposed to… 面临…, 受到….274.beyond expression(=in a manner that cannot be expressed)无法形容, 说不出的275.give expression to 表达, 表现
find expression in 表现
276.to …extent 在…程度上
277.in the extreme(= extremely)极其
278.look sb.in the eye 正视, 打量(某人)
279.close(shut)one’s eyes to不理会,视而不见
280.in one’s mind’s eye 在心目中, 在想象中
281.in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,转眼间
282.keep an eye on(=keep a watch on)照看,监视
283.in the eyes of in one’s eyes(= in the judgment of)在某人看来, 在某人眼里
284.on the face of it(=judging by what one can see)表面看来
285.in the face of 面对着(困难等情况)
286.in one’s face当着某人的面;face to faced面对面;face up to 大胆面向
287.fail in(=be unsuccessful in)失败
288.in good faith(=honestly, sincerely)真诚地
289.keep faith with 对…守信用
290.lose faith in 对…失去信心
291.on faith 毫无怀疑地, 依赖地
292.faithful to(=loyal to)对…忠诚
293.fall into the habit(of)养成…习惯
294.fall short of(=fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc.)没达到, 低于
295.familiar with 熟悉,了解
296.have a fancy for(=like sth.without the help of reason)(没有道理地)喜欢, 想要
297.take a fancy to(=become fond of)喜欢
298.by far 远, 非常(与比较级或最高级连用)299.far from 远远不是
300.far from 非但不…(而且)
301.in fashion(=stylish, most modern)时兴,流行
302.after the fashion(of)依照…
303.find fault with(=complain about;criticize)找毛病，对…吹毛求疵
304.at fault(=in the wrong, blamable)有错
305.in favour of 赞成
306.be in favour with 受宠, 受偏爱;out of favour with 失宠, 不受宠
307.in one’s favour(=to one’s advantage)对.有利
308.(be)favourable to(=advantageous)有利的
309.fear for(=be afraid for the safety of sb.or sth.)为…担心
310.for fear of(=in case of;because of anxiety about)以防, 由于怕
311.in fear of(=afraid for the safety of)担心
312.feed(sb.)on sth.靠吃…, 用…喂养
313.be fed up with(=be unhappy, tired about sth.dull)厌烦, 腻了
314.feel like(=have a desire for)想要
315.fill in 填写
316.fill out(=fill in)填写
317.set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth.remarkable)有突出成就
318.play with fire(=take great risks)干冒险事
319.set sth.on fire(=set fire to sth.)使..着火,放火
320.at first sight(=when first seen)乍一看,一见
321.for the first time 第一次(作状语)322.in the first place 首先, 第一
323.fit into 刚好放入
324.fit in with(= suit , fall into agreement)合适, 相配, 一致
325.(be)fit for(=right and suitable for)适合326.focus on(=concentrate on)集中在…上
focus sth.on 把…集中在…上
327.be fond of 喜欢
328.(be)in force 有效 , 实施
329.go into force 开始生效
330.by force 靠武力, 强行
331.force…on 把…强加给…
332.in the form of 以…形式
333.be fortunate in 幸运,有好运气
334.free of charge 免费
335.be freed from 免受, 没有…
336.in front of 在…前面
in the front of 在…前部
337.furnish…with(=supply)向…提供
338.in general(=in most cases, usually)通常
339.catch(or get)a glimpse of 瞥见(强调结果)take a glance(or look)at看一眼(强调动作)340.be good for 对…有好处;对…有作用
be good at 擅长于;be good to 对…好
341.in good time(=early)早早地(做完.到达等)342.for good(=for ever)永远地, 长期地
343.take…for granted(=assume to be true)把…认为理所当然的.344.be grateful to sb.for sth 因…感谢某人
345.on the ground(s)fo(=because of)由于…
346.fall to the ground(计划.希望等)失败,落空
347.on one’s guard(against)谨防, 警惕
(be)on guard 站岗
348.guard against(=defend, keep safe)警惕,防止 guard…against 警卫…防止
349.guess at 猜, 估计
350.by guess 靠猜
351.be guilty of 犯有…罪或过失
352.be in the habit of习惯于
353.break off(a habit)改掉(某种习惯)
354.break sb.of(a habit)使某人改掉(某习惯)355.get(fall)into the habit of养成了…的习惯
356.come to a halt(=stop)停止;停住
357.at hand 在手边, 眼前(附近)358.by hand 用手工(做)
359.hand in glove(with)狼狈为奸, 密切合作
360.in hand 1)在手边 2)(=under control)控制住
361.in the hands of 由…掌握, 控制, 负责
362.live from hand to mouth勉强度日,现挣现吃
363.at the head of 在…的前头
364.head for(=move towards)向…方向前进
365.hear of(=know about)听人说起, 听说过
366.at heart(=in reality)内心里, 实际上
367.in one’s heart(of hearts)内心深处,事实上
368.by heart(=by memory)熟记, 背(诵)369.to one’s heart’s content 尽情地
370.with all one’s heart全心全意地,真心实意
371.hinder…form(=stop…from)阻碍,使..不能做
372.be(go)on holiday 在(去)度假
go on holiday = go for a holiday
373.be(feel)at home(=to be comfortable;not feel worried)感觉合适，无拘束，熟悉
374.be honest in诚实
375.in one’s honour(or in honour of)祝贺,纪念
376.on one’s honour 以某人的名誉担保
377.hope for 希望(某事发生),希望有
378.to one’s horror 令某人感到恐惧的是
379.in a hurry(=hastily)匆忙地
380.be identical with(=exactly alike)和完全相同
381.be identified with 被视为与…等同
382.in ignorance of 不知道…
383.be ignorant of(= lacking knowledge)对…不了解,不知道
384.(an)impact(on)对…的强烈影响
385.impose…on 把…强加给
386.impress…on 给…留下印象
387.make(leave)an impression on sb.=give sb.an impression 给…留下印象
388.under the impression that有..的印象,认为
389.improve sth.(make sth.better)把原物改进
improve on(=produce or be sth.better than…)另做一物比原物更好
390.improve in(=get better)有改进, 好些
391.improvement in 表示原物有改进,好转
392.include…in 把…列在…里面
393.inclusive of 把…包括在内
394.independent of 独立的,不受约束的395.indicative of 表明, 说明
396.be indifferent to(=not interested in)对…漠不关心, 冷淡, 不在乎
397.(be)inferior to(=less good in quality or value)比…差;superior to比…好
398.inform sb.of sth.通知, 告诉
399.be innocent of 无罪的,无辜的
400.insist on(=order sth.to happen)坚持要
401.instead of(=in place of)代替，而不是…
402.instruct…in(=teach)教.指导.训练某人…
403.insure…for 把…保险(多少钱);ensure 使安全;assure…(of)使…确信,保证
404.insure…against 保险…以防
405.intend…for 打算把…给
406.(be)intent on 专心致志, 坚决
407.in the interests of 符合…的利益
be interested in 对…感兴趣
408.interfere in干涉, interfere with打搅,干扰
409.at intervals 每隔一会儿, 每隔一段距离
410.intervene in 干预
411.invest in 投资
412.be involved in(=become connected or concerned)卷入, 参加
413.by itself(=alone, without help)单独地,靠自己
414.in itself 本身;of itself 自发,自然
415.be jealous of 妒忌
416.jump at(=to be eager to accept)抢着接受, 417.jump on(=scold, tell of)叱责
418.junior to sb.年纪较…轻, 职位较…低.419.(be)keen on 喜爱, 渴望
420.keep a close watch on(=keep a sharp lookout for)密切注视
421.keep…to oneself(=keep secret)不告诉别人
422.to(the best of)one’s knowledge 据…所知
423.at large(=at liberty, free)在逃, 逍遥法外
at large(=in general)一般来说, 大体上
at large(=at full length;with details)详细地
424.lean against(背)靠着…
425.at least 至少;at most 至多
426.(not)in the least 一点(也不), 丝毫(也不)427.at one’s leisure 在…有空的时候
428.lend itself/themselves to适合于(某用途)429.at length(=after a long time, at last)终于
at length(=in detail, thoroughly)详细地
430.go to any length想一切办法, 尽一切力量
431.be liable to(=be subject to)易于..的,应受(罚)432.be liable for 对…应负责任的433.lie in 在于
434.in life 一生中
435.for life 终身
436.in the light of(=considering;taking into account)考虑到, 根据
437.throw light on(= make clear, explain)使…更为清楚, 提供线索, 阐明
438.in line with(=in agreement with)符合,一致
439.long for(=want very much)渴望,希望得到
440.for long 很久,很长时间(否定句.疑问句中)441.before long(=soon)不久, 过了不久以后.442.in the long run(=in the end)从长远来说,最后;in the short term(从短期来说)443.(be)at a loss 不知所措
444．major in 主修（某课程）
445.as a matter of fact 实际上, 事实是
446.by all means(=at all costs)不惜一切.(=certainly)当然行;by means of用…;by no means 完全不, 决不
447.on memory of 为纪念…
448.on the mend(=in the process of recovering)好转, 在康复中
449.mention sth.to sb.向某人提起某事
450.at the mercy of(=in the power of)任…摆布, 在…支配下
451.be in a mess 乱七八糟, 处境困难
make a mess of 弄乱, 打乱
452.bear(or keep)…in mind(=remember)牢记
453.bring(or call)to mind(=remember)使回想起
454.by mistake(由于粗心,健忘原因而)错误地
455.at the moment(=now)此刻,现在for the moment(=for the time being)暂时
just a moment 稍等片刻
at the last moment 在最后一刻
456.in the mood for 有情绪去做..,有心境做.457.no more…than 和…一样都不…
458.for the most part 多半,大多数,一般来说
459.at(the)most 最多, 至多 460.make the most of 充分利用
461.be not much of(=not a good)不是很好的…
be something of 有点…,像…
462.name after 用…的名字命名
463.native to 所产的
464.by nature 天生的, 生来
465.in mature 本质上
466.(be)in the nature of 属…性质
467.none other that 不是别人,正是…
468.above normal 高于正常(温度)
469.for nothing(=free, without payment)免费
470.nothing but 只有, 不过…而已
471.to say nothing of(=not to mention)更不用说…
472.do sth.at short notice 只给很少时间准备
473.until further notice 在另行通知前
474.take notice of(=pay attention)注意
475.object to(=be opposed to)反对
476.objection to(接动名词)反对
477.on occasion(=now and then)不时地,必要时
478.by occasion of(=because of)由于
479.occupy oneself with(in)忙于(某事)480.it occurs to sb.that… 某人想到…
481.once and for all =once and forever永远地
all at once(=suddenly, now)立即,马上
once in a while(=occasionally)偶尔
(just)for once 就这一次
482.(all)by oneself 独自(没有别人帮助)483.operate on sb.给某人做手术
operation n.come/ go into operation开始运转
put/bring sth.into operation 使…投产,运转
484.be of the opinion 持有…的看法
485.in one’s opinion 按某人的看法
486.be opposed to… 反对… 487.be opposite to 与…相反的
488.(be)in order(=acceptable)合适的,恰当的
in order 井井有条,处于良好状态;out of order(=in bad condition)出毛病,发生故障
489.made to order 定做的(衣服)
490.originate in/from(=begin)起源于,由..引起
491.on the outskirts(of)在城郊
492.owe…to 把…归于…
493.on one’s own(=along, without help)单独
494.of one’s own某人自己的495.keep pace with 跟…齐步前进
496.go to great pains=take pains 下功夫,努力
497.part with(=give up, sell)舍弃,卖掉
498.participate in(=take part in)参加
499.(be)particular about 讲究,挑剔(吃,穿)500.in particular(=especially)特别是,尤其
501.(a)passion for 对…的热爱,热情
502.be patient with 对…耐心
503.pay for 赔偿, 付款, 报偿, 处罚
504.pay…for 付…的钱
505.(be)at peace with 与…和睦相处
in peace(=peacefully)安静,平安
506.peculiar to… 特有的, 独具的507.penalty for 对…的处罚,罚金
508.perform on the piano(=play the piano)演奏钢琴
509.persist in 坚持,固执
510.in person 亲自, 当面
511.in place(in right or proper place)放在应放的地方
512.in place of(=instead of)代替
513.take(a)pleasure in 喜欢做某事
514.be on the point of doing sth.(=be about to do sth.)刚要去做
515.beside the point 不切正题,无关紧要
516.come to the point 谈主要问题
517.there is no point in doing sth.没必要做某事
518.to the point 中肯, 切题
519.point at(=indicate, direct attention)指着
point out(=indicate, show)指出,指明
520.popular with/among大众所喜爱的,拥戴
521.in the position of 处在…位置上
522.in practice 实际上(状语);业务熟练(表语)523.be(get)out of practice 荒疏,不熟练
524.bring(put)…into practice使…成为现实
525.prefer…to…(choose rather, like better)宁要, 更喜欢
526.prepare for breakfast 准备吃早饭
prepare breakfast 作早饭
527.in the presence of 在…在场的情况下
528.for the present(=for the time being, for now)暂且,就现在来说;at present现在,此刻
529.preside over / at 主持(会议,业务等)530.prevail over 占优势, 压倒, 战胜
531.prevent…from 使…不, 防止…做
532.previous to(=prior to)在…之前
533.take pride in(=pride oneself on)以…自豪
534.pride oneself on / upon 以…自豪
535.in principle(=only in regard to the main idea)原则上
536.prior to(=before)在…之前
537.in private(=privately)私下, 秘密地
in public 公开地
538.proceed from(=arise from, result from)由…发出, 由…引起(产生)539.proceed with(=begin and continue sth.)继续进行
540.in progress(=in the state of be done)进行中
541.prohibit…from(=forbid)禁止, 阻止
542.in proportion to 与…成比例
543.protect…from 阻止..不受,保护不受
544.be proud of 为…自豪
545.provide for 为…做准备
546.in public 公开地, 当众
547.on purpose(=by intention, deliberately)故意
548.to the purpose(=useful for one’s purpose)得要领的, 中肯的549.be qualified in 在某种科目或学科上合格
be qualified for 在某种职业上合格
550.call…in question 对…表示怀疑
551.beyond(all)question(=without question)毫无疑问
552.out of the question(=impossible)不可能的553.in question(=under discussion)所谈及的;554.without question 毫无疑问
555.be caught in the rain 被雨淋了
556.at random(=without aim or purpose)随便地, 任意地, 胡乱地
557.range over(=cove, include)范围包括
558.range between 范围在..与..之间不等
559.at any rate(=at all events)无论如何,总之
560.beyond the reach of 无法达到(得到,理解)
561.out of reach of 无法够到.within reach of(or within one’s reach)够得到,能拿到
562.react to 对…作出反应
563.react on / upon 对…产生影响
564.react against 作出反抗或反对反应
565.(be)ready for 准备好做…
566.in reality(=in fact, really)事实上
567.beyond all reason 没有道理的
568.by reason of(=because of)由于,因为
569.it stands to reason that …理所当然
570.reason with(=argue)劝说 571.in the red 亏损,负债,赤字
(be)get out of red 不再亏损
572.refer to…as 把…称做…
573.refer…to…(=send, take)送交,呈交
574.with/in reference to(=concerning, about)关于
575.with/in regard to(=concerning)有关,关于
576.give one’s regards to sb.向…问候
577.regardless of(=without worrying about, despite, in spite of)不顾,不考虑
578.in/with relation to 关于, 有关
579.relevant to 与…有关的
580.to one’s relief 令…感到放心的是
581.relieve…of… 解除,解脱;帮助拿,辞退
582.rely on 依靠, 信赖
583.remark on(upon)对…发表评论
584.remedy for 对…治疗法, 补救, 药物
585.remind sb.of 提醒某人…,使某人向想起
586.in good repair(=in good condition)处于良好状态;be under repair 在修理中
587.reply to 答复, 回答
588.beyond reproach不受责备的;beyond(all)reason毫无道理;beyond question毫无疑问;beyond belief以相信;beyond hope绝望
589.resort to 诉诸于.., 求助于…
resort to force 诉诸于武力
590.in/with respect to(=concerning)有关,关于
591.respond to 对…反应, 响应, 对(药)有效
592.in response to(=as an answer to)回答,反应
593.be response for 对…负责, 是造成…原因
594.rest on/upon(=be supported by)依靠,寄托
595.rest with(=be in hand of)在…手中, 是…的责任;由…决定;依靠
596.restrain…from(=hold back from)抑制..不..597.restrict…to(=keep within limits)把..限制于..598.result in(=cause)导致
599.with the result that 其结果是
600.in return(for)作为报答;以报答(for)601.get rid of 摆脱, 去掉, 除去
602.be in the right正确的;in the wrong错误的603.be within one’s rights(to do)有权(做)604.give rise to(=lead to)引起, 导致
605.at the risk of(=with danger of)冒...的风险
606.run(take)risk of(=do sth dangerous)的风险
607.rule out(=exclude, eliminate)排除
608.in safety 安全地
609.for the sake of(=for the good or advantage of)为了…起见
610.be for sale 待售
611.on sale(=offered to be sold)出售, 上市
612.be satisfied with 满意
613.on a large scale 大规模地
614.on schedule(=at the planned or exacted time)按时,准时;ahead of schedule提前;in advance预先;behind schedule落后于计划进度,晚于规定时间
615.be schedule for 定在某时(进行)616.scrape through(in)勉强通过
617.from scratch(=from the beginning)从头开始
618.in search of 寻找;in honor of 为了...表示敬意;in me
of 为追求..;in behalf of为…的利益;in favor of 为赞成…;in support of 为支持…
619.in season 旺季
620.in secret 秘密地;in private 私下
621.senior to 比…年长;junior to 比…轻;superior to 比…更好;inferior to 比…差
622.in a sense 在某种意义上
623.sensitive to 对…敏感;sensible(of)觉察到的;sensational耸人听闻的624.in sequence 按顺序, 按先后次序
625.share in(=have a share in)分摊, 分担
626.share sth.with 与…分享,分担,分摊,共用
627.be shocked at / by 对…感到震惊
628.fall short of 达不到
629.go short of(=be without enough of)缺乏
630.for short(in a short form)为简便,简称
631.in short(=in a few words, in brief)简称
632.in short supply 供应不足
633.be short of(=lacking enough)缺乏,不够
634.be shy of 难为情, 不好意思
635.at the side of 与…相比
636.take the side of 站在…一边
637.catch the sight of(=see for a moment)瞥见
638.at the sight of 一看见…
639.(be)in sight(=in view, visible)看得见
out of sight 看不见
640.know sb.by sight 与…只面熟
641.on the sly(=secretly)偷偷地
642.smell of 有…的气味
643.be sorry about/for 懊悔的,后悔的,难过的644.speak ill of 说…的坏话;speak well of 说…的好话
645.specialize in 专门研究, 专攻
646.in spite of(=despite)尽管
647.on the pot(=at the place of the action)在现场, 在出事地点;或(=at once)立即
648.take a stand against 采取某种立场反对
take a stand for 采取某种立场支持…
649.stare at 目不转睛地看, 凝视, 盯着
650.in step 步伐一致;out of step 步伐不齐
651.stick sth.on 把…贴在…上
652.stick to 粘着, 坚持
653.stick at(=continue to work hard at)继续勤奋地致力于…;stick one’s work坚持工作;stick at one’s books 勤奋读书
654.stick to(=refuse to leave or change)坚持;stick to one’s promise 比喻食言
stick to one’s friend 忠于朋友
655.in stock 有….货
656.be strict with 对…严格要求
657.be/go on strike 罢工
658.subject…to(=cause…to experience)使受..到 subject(adj.)to 易受到…的659.submit…to 提交
660.substitute…for 以…代替…
661.suffer from 患…病;受…苦痛
662.be suitable for(=fit)合适…的663.in sum 大体上, 总之
六级最常考的翻译句子总结经典！
1.During the meeting,hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him 他一开始说话，就被听众打断了
2.surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot(没有选择，只能投降)3.The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son's having been admitted to the university(她的儿子被大学入取了)4.The lecture was so boring that the students couldn't help yawning(学生忍不住打起哈欠)5.I‘ll be very grateful if you could be kind enough to give me a ride to school(好心载我一程去学校)6.(除非你和保险公司签订了货物保险合同)Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.7.It is reported that local health organization was established 25 years ago(据说当地的卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr.Mark became its first president.8.Mrs.Smith shut the window lest the noise outside(should)interfere with her son's sleep(外面的噪声会影响她儿子睡觉 9.The new mayor was charged with failure to fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate(未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺)10.When confronted with such question, my mind goes blank(每当我遇到这类问题，我脑袋一篇空白)，and I can hardly remember my won date of birth.11.The customer complained that no sooner had he started the computer than it stopped working(他刚启动计算机，它就不运转了)12.What upset me was not what he said but the way he said it.(不是他说的话，二十他说话的方式)13.This piece of writing is more like a news report than a short story.(与其说是短篇小说，还不如说是新闻报道)14.The court ruling deprive him of his political right.(剥夺他的政治权力)15.Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, while animal behavior depends mostly on instinct.(然而动物的行为主要依靠本能)。
16.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, enables more women to take full advantages of employment of opportunities.(使得更多的妇女能够充分利用就业机会)
17.The likely reactions of the market needs considering carefully before action are token(在采取行动之前需要认真考虑)18.He made such a contribution to the university that they named one of the buildings after him(以他的名字为其中一栋楼命名)19.He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, being considering insufficiently popular with all members(因为考虑他无法得到全体成员的欢迎)20.Americans eat twice more protein than(两倍多的蛋白质)they actually need every day。21.When you speak English, your pronunciation should be correct, otherwise you can’t make yourself understood.(否则人家就听不懂你的意思了)22.My little daughter Marry, began to adapt herself to campus life after entering college for three months.(进入大学三个月后开始慢慢适应校园生活)23.Many drivers think it necessary that the government should lay down more stricter traffic rules(政府制定更加严格的交通规则)24.Depending on what you are looking form you have to judge for yourself, how relevant the material to you(這些材料對你來說有多大相關性)25.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.(等到完成的時候恐怕早就失去了所有價值)26.It was imperative that the secretary get these documents prepared before Tuesday.(秘書在周二之前把這些文件準備好)27.No matter how frequently performed,(無論多麽頻繁的演奏)the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.28.To minimize the possibility of theft,(爲了最大限度的減少盜竊的發生的可能性), install a good alarm system.29.I don’t think it is wise of you to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director.(我認爲在把主任面前賣弄你懂得更多知識是不明智的)，for it may offend him.30.With repeated hacker’s attack on your system, we came to realized the necessity of hiring a computer security expert.(我們正逐漸意識到請一位計算機安全專家的必要性)31.Your work is good on the whole, but there is still room for improvement(但是仍然有需要改善的餘地)32.The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes it possible for plants to grow(這使得植物生長成爲可能)33.The father thought he could talked his daughter into changing her mind(他可以説服女兒改變主意)34.Nowadays advertising fees of new products are out of proportion to the cost of production.(與生産成本不成比例)35.Few people don't complain about the tedium of their jobs(很少人不抱怨工作点掉乏味), but they will feel more bored if they do not work.36.Henry has prepared a party for his girl friend, only to be told that she could not come by then(结果却被告知他到时候不能来)37.The chief reason for the population growth is more a fall in death rate than a rise in birth rates.38.Ture friendship foresees the needs of others rather than proclaims of ones' own.(而不是声明自己的要求)39.although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it(但真正
让我觉得买下它的)was the bearutiful view through the window。
40.The government was accused of failure to fulfill its to improve urban traffic conditions.(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺)41.Only in this way could we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.(我们才能在毕业之后尽快适应社会
42.No sooner had I lit the candle than it was put out(我刚点着蜡烛，就被风吹灭了)43.Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot(没有选择只好当场投降)44.I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to write off my debt in return for certain services(作为一些服务的回报，我的老板慷慨的同意将我的欠款一笔勾销)45.Being out of work and having two children, the couple found it impossible to make ends meet(夫妻两发现勉强维持升级是不能的)46.Generally speaking, when taken according to the direction(按照说明服用时), the drug has no side effect。
47.Some people argue that most crime can be attributed to the greed for money.(可归咎于对金钱的贪婪)48.Finding it difficult to adapt to that climate there(发现很难适应那里的气候), he decided to move to the north.49.Over a third of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.(没有机会享受医疗保健服务)四六级完型五大解题技巧
一、通读全文，了解文章大意 这是做完形填空的第一步，以快速阅读的方式浏览全文，了解文章大意，抓住主题和关键词，为解题做好准备。通过全文，了解文章大意的好处在于对语篇有一个整体的了解，可以避免断章取义，减少解题时的盲目性。但在迅速浏览全文的过程中，切勿望生词而却步，恰恰相反，碰到不明白的地方应掠过去，等到填空需要细读时再去理会。
二、抓住首尾句 在阅读时要特别注意文章的第一句和最后一句，因为它们通常是文章的主题句，是全文的中心所在。从第一句中可以窥见作者的写作目的，把握作者的写作思路以及文章将要叙述的内容。而最后一句是作者对文章内容的归纳总结，表明作者的观点和态度，有利于加强考生对文章的理解。
三、联系上下文，进行逻辑推理 完形填空中有些空格的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和单句的角度考虑均行得通。但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时，需要在上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑揄，抓住仁慈语言信息的词语，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。
四、根据语言知识和语法知识解题 完形填空中有相当一部分题涉及各种句子结构、基本语法要点、固定搭配以及习惯用法。因此，在解题时需要运用掌握的语言知识和语法知识解题。
五、运用背景知识解题 背景知识在解答填空题时往往具有重要的辅助作用。有些空格不需要花费太多的时间去研究上下文，有些无论从上下文还是从词汇、语法着眼都无法找到解题信息，而运用背景知识也许很快能找到答案。因此，注意背景知识的运用是很有必要的。
第五篇：英语修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法明喻(Simile)
明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟，把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。例如：
Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。）(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B)
I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。)暗喻(the metaphor)
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如： I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。）(第二册第三单元课文A)
Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧，孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)（大学英语第二册第七单元课文A）
Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart.A romance was budding.（每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子，浪漫之花含苞待放。）(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A)转喻(the metonymy)
转喻是通过相近的联想，借喻体代替本体。转喻是比隐喻更进一步的比喻，它根本不说出本体事物，直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。例如：
The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工（这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。
“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish.But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧，”医生说，“我会尽力做到科学能做到的，但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时，药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”（）大学英语第三册第六单元课文A）4 夸张(the exaggeration)
把事物的特征，有意地加以夸大或缩小，就叫夸张，即采用“言过其实”的说法，使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。英语中夸张修辞格，应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征，因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。例如：
Most American remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.(在大多数美国人的心目中，马克.吐温是位伟大作家，他描写哈克.费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆.索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。)（eternal和endless都是夸张用语，表示哈克.费恩童年时期田园般的旅游和汤姆.索亚夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事都已成为永恒不朽之作。）拟人(the personifjcation)
所谓拟人就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化。例如：
The first day of this term found me on my way to school, beautiful flowers smiling and lovely birds singing in the wood.(新学期第一天上学的路上,美丽的花儿在微笑,可爱的小鸟在林中歌唱.)（采用拟人化的修辞手法使句更为生动,表达更富情感.）
The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.(萧瑟的秋风吹落了枝叶，藤上几乎是光秃秃的。)（这里作者运用了拟人手法，将秋天比做人，秋天吹出的寒冷的呼吸就是秋风。语言表达生动、有力，让人有身处其境的感觉）（大学英语第三册第六课课文A）反语(the irony)
反语就是说反话，用反话来表达思想、观点、事物等等。有的时候可以达到讽刺的意味。例如：
“What fine weather for an outing!”(计划了一个美好的出游却被一场大雨搅和了，于是出现了上面的这句话，通过反语达到讽刺的效果，从而更能够反映出当时的无奈与沮丧。)7 头韵(the alliteration)
头韵即连续数个单词的头音或头字母相同，这种现象在英语中常见。例如：
I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.(打那时起，他们就一直不断地对我进行体检和治疗。)（testing 和treating 用在这里是为了取得一种文字的音乐美的效果。）
Michael's dedication, determination and discipline was a coach's dream.(迈克尔的投入、执着、自律正是每个教练梦寐以求的。)（作者在这里运用押头韵突出了主人公不达目的不罢休的决心。）（大学英语第二册第五课课文A）矛盾修辞法(Oxymoron)
所谓矛盾修辞法，就是把意思上回响矛盾互相排斥的词语紧密地联系在一起，来描述一个事物，或表达一种思想，说明一个道理，或寻求一个哲理。，用这种方法，语言精炼简洁，富有哲理，并产生强大的逻辑力量，产生一种出人意料，引人入胜的效果。
A miserable, merry Christmas(悲喜交加的圣诞节)。圣诞节那天，故事主人公小男孩经历了从痛苦的边缘到幸福的顶峰的过程。因此，父母精心安排的圣诞节既是最糟的，又是最好的。Such is the glorious messiness of English.That happy tolerance, that willingness to accept words from anyway, explains the richness of English and way it has become, to a very real extent, the first truly global language.(由此一斑可见英语中绚丽多彩的杂乱无章现象。这种乐于包容的精神，这种不管源自何方来者不拒的胸怀，恰好解释了英语何以会如此丰富，成为一个真正的全球语言。)（大学英语第二册第七课课文B）双关语(pun)
双关语(pun)是英语中一种常见的修辞手法.该修辞格巧妙利用词的谐音、词的多义或歧义等,使同一句话可同时表达不同意义,以造成语言生动活泼、幽默诙谐或嘲弄讥讽的修辞效果,使人读来忍俊不禁。
True Height(真正的高度)（height是一语双关，既指跳高横竿的高度，也指人生奋斗达到的目标。）（大学英语第二册第五课文A）
Hiroshima-the “Liveliest” City in Japan（广岛-日本”最有活力”的城市）(作者将Liveliest 一词用引号引起来是有意表明，人们竟然把一个遭受过原子弹轰炸的城市说成是“做快活的”，真是莫大的讥讽，同时也是进行今昔对比，可谓是一语双关。)
修辞所追求的效果是语言表达得完美。修辞格是达到此境界的重要方式之一。要正确、恰当地运用修辞格，涉及的问题很多。其中一个十分重要的问题是切勿忘记，语言的完美必然建
筑在语言的正确、准确使用的基础上，因此修辞格的运用不仅必须以合乎语法规则为前提，还要以合乎逻辑──正确思维方法为前提。
10.euphemism(委婉语）：
用比较温和的词代替粗鲁的词或使人不愉快的词，用通行的词代替禁忌的词。
The chairman’s wife is in the family way.He passed away last week.11.metonymy（借代）：
不相类似的甲事物同乙事物之间有不可分离的关系，利用这种关系以乙事物的名称来代替甲事物。
The pen is mightier than the sword.I find I like people better than things.12． 使用句法手段的修辞格：
Parallelism（排比句）：
一般由三项或三项以上的词语或句子构成，其并列的结构常相同或类似，意义相关，语气连贯。排比次序一般由轻到重，由低潮到高潮。
1.Few people are immune to vanity, jealousy andpretension.2.Large shopping centers provide not only pleasant environment, abundant goods but also excellent services.3.Such belief is unfortunately wrong and possibly dangerous.13.提喻（synecdoche）又称举隅法，主要特点是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。例如：
1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.长城不仅是用石头和土建造的，而且是用几百万人的血和肉建成的。
句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为“the great sacrifice”（巨大的牺牲）
2、“...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...”
„„他说这是世界上最美的语言。
这里用具体的“tongue”代替抽象的“language”。
4、Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the U.S.team.很多人将眼光投向美国队壹个高高的20岁的黑姑娘。
这里的“many eyes”代替了“many persons”。
14.迭言（rhetorical repetition）这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中，将相同的结构，相同意义词组成句子重迭使用，以增强语气和力量。
1、It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.它必须用我们这些对于未来，对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。
2、...Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.因为优良的医疗技术和外科手术意味着更快地治疗病人，更少痛苦，更少不安，更少死亡，更少疾病，和更少残废。
15.、拟声（onomatcpocia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。
1、On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing.在学校房屋的屋顶上壹些鸽子正轻轻地咕咕叫着。
2、She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt——sunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one.她使我接触到所有够得着的或者感觉得到的东西，如阳光呀，丝绸摆动时的沙沙声呀，昆虫的叫声呀，开门的吱嘎声呀，亲人的说话声呀。
16.通感（synesthesia）是指在某个感官所产生的感觉，转到另壹个感官的心理感受。Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞下去的，有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。书是“尝”不出味道的，也是不能“吃”下去将其“消化”掉的。这里把读书中的精读和泛读，阅读欣赏与吸收知识的感受，用味觉功能和消化功能来表示，心理感受是如此逼真和奇特。
17．头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在壹起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。
How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.
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