第一篇：-2010考研英语强化写作讲义
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 1 3/25/2013
2010考研英语强化写作讲义
主讲：王江涛
第一节 考研写作总论
一、课程安排：
1、考研写作总论：复习计划、时间分配、写作学习、大纲解读
2、段落写作：框架结构、启承转合、段落写作经典范文
3、图画作文：
4、词汇写作、句子写作
5、应用文：书信、备忘录、报告、摘要、告示
二、复习计划：
1、攻克词汇：
1）词汇书：
2）软件：《新东方背单词》（5）
3）记忆法：blog.sina.com.cn/jtwang分类：考研复习：十天攻克考研词汇
2、精研真题：96-09共14年真题 1）词汇： 2）选项： 3）句子结构：
4）背诵：阅读A节经典文章 5）英译汉：阅读A节、C节经典文章 6）写作真题：
3、适当模考：2010年1月
三、时间分配：
1）14：00－14：15 写作A节
2）14：15－14：50 写作B节
3）14：50－16：00 阅读A节
4）16：00－16：20 阅读B节
5）16：20－16：40 阅读C节
6）16：40－17：00 完型填空
四、写作学习：
（一）提高实力：
1、中译英：仔细对比原文，寻找差距
2、背诵：滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善
3、默写：仔细对比原文，发现写作弱点
4、仿写：
（二）掌握技巧：万能框架 附：20大必背范文：
（一）小作文：
1、新版考研写作教材（09年6月版，下同）P.3 最新考研英语大纲样题
2、P.5 2005年高分作文
3、P.5 2006年高分作文
4、P.6 2007年高分作文 5、2008年范文：题目见P.6 1
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Dear Bob，I’m writing to apologize for having forgotten to return the “the Beatles” CD to you when I left Canada.I was in such a hurry that I packed everything in my luggage without checking carefully.Had I paid more attention then, I wouldn’t have made such a stupid mistake.Now something must be done to solve the problem because I understand you cherish the CD enormously.I can either send it to you by express mail or alternatively compensate you at a reasonable price.If you do not mind, I may bring it back to you next time I go to Canada.Please let me know which solution you prefer at your earliest convenience.I really hope you will accept my sincere apology.Faithfully yours，Li Ming
6、P.7 2009年范文 Dear Editors, I have been reading your newspaper for many years with a great enthusiasm and interest.It is my view that limiting/prohibiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of utmost significance.To crack this hard nut, I would like to give/offer/render/propose several useful/practical recommendations as follows.First and foremost, it is imperative for us to ban the free use of disposable plastic bags.In addition, we should develop possible alternative forms to replace them, such as paper or clothing bags.Last but not least, plastic bags should be offered in a much higher price in department stores or supermarkets.I hope you would find the above proposals conducive and I would like to discuss this matter to further details.Your prompt attention to my suggestions would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
7、Directions:
You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room.Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You would prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express/air dissatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation.I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him;for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.To solve this problem/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut, I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned.I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 8.Directions:
One of your friends wants to apply for a job working with foreign teenagers.Write a letter to recommend him/her, describe his/her past experience, and explain the reasons.2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 3 3/25/2013
Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to recommend one of my best friends, Zhou Botong, for this post.With his outstanding leadership and cheerful personality, he was elected chairperson of the Student Union of Tsinghua University several times.Busy as he was, he completed his major, teenage psychology, with an outstanding school record.Upon graduation he was assigned to be a teacher in Tsinghua Middle School.What is more, he loves his job and enjoys working with children.This won him great popularity among his students.Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend him as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised.I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring him.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 9.Directions: After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by Mr.Shakespeare.Write a special letter to express your thanks.Dear Mr.Shakespeare, I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious.Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach.If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
10、Directions:
The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the following information:
1)the purpose of the contest，2)time and place of the contest，3)what is required of the candidates，4)details of the judges and awards.You should write about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.Chinese Speaking Contest
January 10, 2009 To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese-speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week(17 January)at the Students’ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students’ Union
Department of Chinese Language and Literature
参 考 译 文
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1、尊敬的先生或女士：
我写信是为了询问关于雅思考试的考试准备资料的信息。
我想知道您是否有一本包括雅思考试所需词汇的词汇书，以及有答案和范文的历年试卷。其次，我应该如何付款——通过现金、支票还是其他任何方式？如果可能的话，我想使用信用卡。最后，这些书如何送来，我大约什么时间可以收到？如果额外费用不多的话，请您最好使用特快邮件。
如果您能尽快答复，我将非常感谢。
您真诚的，李明
2、尊敬的王先生：
十分感激您两个月之前聘用我为杂志《设计与时尚》的编辑。我非常珍惜这个和您以及其他同事共事的机会。这将是我一生中的难忘经历。
但是，对于一个喜欢计算机科学远多于时尚设计的年轻人来说，我认识到目前的工作并不符合我的教育背景与个人能力。因此，我决定辞职，找一份与我从前教育背景相关的工作。
我为离开可能造成的不便深表歉意。
您真诚的，李明
3、尊敬的先生或女士：
希望工程这项高尚的事业感动了我，同时这项工程迄今所取得的成就也鼓舞了我。因此，我想通过给贵省偏远地区的一个孩子提供经济帮助，来为希望工程贡献我的微薄之力。
如果您能帮助我找到一个刚开始上学但家庭无法为其负担学费的小女孩，我将不胜感激。本人计划按年度支付她的学费直至她中学毕业。我希望把捐款直接汇给她的家人在当地开设的银行帐户中。
您真诚的，李明
4、尊敬的先生/女士：
我是本校的一名学生，常来图书馆度过业余时间。总而言之，您这里提供的服务相当不错，但我有一些建议希望您采纳。如果您能好心考虑我的建议，我将非常感谢。
首先，是否可以请您延长阅读时间？在白天，大多数学生在上课，来不了图书馆。其次，书架上有些书已经过时了。如果您能好心提供一些例如最新杂志等的书籍，我们将非常感谢。
我确实希望拥有一个更加舒适的图书馆。再次感谢您的时间和关注。
您真诚的，李明
5、亲爱的鲍勃：
我写此信的目的是为了向你道歉。在离开加拿大时，我忘了把那盘披头士乐队的CD还给你。走的时候太匆忙了，我把所有东西都塞到行李中，没有仔细检查。当时要是多加注意的话，就不会犯这种低级错误了。
因为我知道你特别珍爱那盘CD，所以一定要想办法解决这个问题。我可以寄快递包裹给你，也可以按合理的价格赔偿你的损失。如果你不介意的话，我也可以在下次去加拿大的时候把它给你带回去。
请在方便的时候尽快让我知道你倾向哪一种解决方案。希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。
您真诚的，李明
6、尊敬的编辑：
多年来我一直怀着极大的热情与兴趣阅读贵报。我认为限制使用一次性塑料袋非常重要。
为解决这个难题，我想提出如下几个实用的建议。首先，我们急需禁止免费使用一次性塑料袋。其次，我们应该开发取代塑料袋的替换方式，如纸袋或布袋。最后，在商场或超市应以更高的价格提供塑料袋。
我希望您觉得上述建议有益，同时希望进一步讨论这一问题。十分感谢您对我的建议给予及时的关注。
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您真诚的 李明
7、尊敬的先生或女士：
我写信是为了表达关于住宿的不满。由于我发现目前的居住状况很不方便，我想下学期搬到一个单间。
我需要解释的是，我不满的原因是我室友不体谅的行为。首先，他的朋友经常来访。其次，他经常举办一些吵闹的聚会。
为了解决这个问题，我希望引起有关当局的注意。我相信您也会同意，唯一的解决措施是搬到一个我自己的房间。因此，如果您可以给我找一个最好不在同楼，但离校园越近越好的单间，我将非常感谢。
您真诚的，李明
8、尊敬的先生或女士：
我写信是为了推荐我最好的一个朋友周伯通申请这个职位。由于拥有杰出的领导能力和令人愉快的个性，他多次当选清华大学学生会主席。
尽管他很忙，但他完成了自己的学业——青少年心理学，并取得了出色的学习成绩。毕业之后，他被分配到清华附中做一名教师。此外，他热爱自己的职业并喜欢和孩子们工作。这使他在学生中很受欢迎。
因此，我毫不犹豫推荐他作为您招聘职位的理想候选人。我确信您将做出雇用他的明智选择。
您真诚的，李明
9、尊敬的莎士比亚先生：
我写信是为了表达我衷心的感谢。我指的是那天我被一辆出租车从自行车上撞下来的不幸事件。
如果没有您给予我的第一手的及时帮助的话，恐怕后果会更严重。大家都认为正是您在那个紧急事件中的快速反应才导致了满意的后果。
尽管现在越来越多的人谈论到大公无私的必要性，但是我们看到很少有人言行一致。如果有更多人像您的话，世界会更加美好。
您真诚的，李明
10、中文演讲比赛
2009年1月10日
为提高同学们中文演讲的能力并丰富课外活动，中文系学生会将于下周六（1月17日）在学生大礼堂组织全校中文演讲比赛。有兴趣参加的同学请于下周二之前在本班班长处报名。我们将邀请五位教授担任评委，并将给前六名获奖者者颁奖。欢迎大家积极参加。
中文系学生会
（二）大作文
1.98年范文：考题见教材16页
The past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life.Regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.Odd and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country.Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes;manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality;commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services.Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises? I guess your answer will be negative.As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.I dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and 5
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morally.But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system.They should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”.2.01年范文：考题见教材18页
When we use the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word.The picture below illustrates the real meaning of love, by stressing the fact that love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes.As a matter of fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the most sublime of human emotions.As an illustration of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of the deadly earthquake in Sichuan Province.Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can——be it money or goods——to help their needy fellow citizens.Furthermore, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.It is my view that the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are.We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers.Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place, for, as the picture shows, the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines.3.02范文：考题见教材18页
The picture vividly depicts a lovely American girl in traditional Chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face.She wears ribbons, necklaces and other accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a certain Chinese minority group.Undoubtedly, the costume has added oriental charm/glamour to her beautiful look/appearance/features.What the picture conveys goes far beyond only/merely a new fashion trend.Instead, it carries cultural meanings/implications as well.The fact that people from different countries are attracted to mysterious Chinese culture indicates that to some extent a culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally.In other words, a nation’s unique/distinctive culture can become international through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges.Since the trend of globalization become irresistible, the increasing cultural exchanges can effectively improve mutual understanding and friendship.It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished.Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture for those ideas from the other cultures, controversial or even absurd at first sight, can provide a different perspective for us to observe the world in the long run.Nevertheless, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side.Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.4.03年范文：考题见教材19页
The set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in different circumstances.As is shown in the first cartoon, the flower is placed in a comfortable greenhouse that shelters it from the threatening lightning and storm.With proper temperature, moisture and fertilizer, the flower is growing in full bloom.On the contrary, when removed from the greenhouse and exposed to the driving rain, the flower soon fades and withers, with the petals scattered on the ground.To begin with, the purpose of the drawings is to show us that the flower growing in the green house cannot withstand the test of the storm, yet the symbolic meanings subtly conveyed should be taken more seriously.The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be specific, the only children in our current society;the greenhouse epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality.Once the young people begin to seek independence and accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from these thought-provoking drawings.On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten the youth to be more independent in life.On the other hand, parents should be sensible enough to give their children more freedom to deal with troubles and problems.Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability, and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world.5.06年范文：考题见教材20页
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As is vividly depicted in the photos above, Beckham, the smart British football superstar, is enjoying a striking popularity among the adolescents.In the first picture, Beckham’s name appears on a young man’s face.The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on the face.In the second photo, another young man is doing Beckham’s chic hairstyle in a barbershop.We are informed that he is spending 300 yuan imitating his idol’s haircut.Undoubtedly, the pictures have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that idol worship is prevalent among the teenagers nowadays.Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans.Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols.Briefly speaking, young people are inclined to idolize the people who excel in appearance, intelligence or talent.Hence, idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword which can exert profound influence on the growth of young people.If we simply worship the idols by imitating their hairstyles or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of money or time, endangering the efficiency of our work.On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us.Accordingly, the latter attitude should be adopted to direct our way of life.6.08年范文：教材43页 7.09年范文：考题见教材22页
As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon, a large number of people are surfing on line within a stretching spider web, either to entertain themselves or to meet the work's needs.Unfortunately, it seems rather ironic to present people separated from each other by the spider web when they attempt to communicate.Undoubtedly, the spider web serves as a symbol of Internet, both connecting people and isolating them from each other.The metaphorical and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet.On the one hand, there is no denying that Internet is currently one of the most efficient media used for interpersonal communication.As a college student, I get on line every day to discuss news with other people on BBS, to study English by registering for web courses, to chat freely through MSN Messenger with my friends.But on the other hand, a good many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain face-to-face contact with their friends and colleagues.Once indulged in the fictitious world, people feel reluctant to approach others and to concentrate on real life.That's why some people have lost the skill of direct contact and get alienated from others.Hence, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence.After all, Internet is invented to connect you and me, and to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people beyond reach.8、教材27页：2000年高分作文（1）
9、教材40页：05年高分作文
10、教材42页：07年高分作文
参 考 译 文
1、过去几年发生了一个现象：各行各业开始出现了各种各样的承诺。遗憾的是，相当多的承诺纯粹只是空话，正如漫画中的这只母鸡一样，承诺下蛋不见棱见角，并保证有蛋皮、蛋清、蛋黄。
尽管这些承诺听起来奇怪有趣，但在全国各地都可以看到听到这样的虚假承诺。管理部门保证不接受任何贿赂，公正有效地履行指责；生产厂家保证生产高质量产品；商业企业发誓提供真货和礼貌热情的服务。在这些所谓的承诺中，除了他们的义务、责任和工作之外，你还能发现任何新的和实质性的东西吗？我想你的答案将是否定的。事实上，他们做这种承诺的目的只是披上华丽的外衣以便取悦并欺骗公众。
我认为这个社会正在受到腐败和欺骗的影响，这在物质和道德上都在对社会造成了伤害。但这只母鸡及其同类应该知道：在市场经济体系的激烈竞争中，没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。他们应该牢记这条谚语：“诚实为上策”。
2、当我们用到“爱”这个词时，我们不仅仅指对异性的吸引，这是对这个词非常狭隘的解释。下面的图画注解了爱的真正含义，它强调了爱心是情感的力量，不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗，爱心都能支撑我们。事实上，历史上处于不同文化中的人们 7
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都把爱当作人类最高尚的情感。
举一个例子证明爱心的力量，我们应该记得中国各族人民如何响应号召去支援四川地震中的受难者。尽管他们的收入按照国际标准衡量还是处于低水平，但是全国人民毫不犹豫地尽他们所能捐献——不管是钱，还是物品——去帮助那些受难的同胞们。并且，他们这么做不考虑自己的得失。
我认为，表示爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手，无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样，我们能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方，因为，正如图画所描绘的，悲伤的阴影越黑暗，爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。
3、这幅图画生动描述了一位可爱的美国小女孩身穿传统的中国服装，面带甜蜜的微笑。她戴着具有某个中国少数民族服饰特征的发带、项链和其他装饰品。毫无疑问，这套服装为她美丽的外表增添了东方的魅力。
这幅图画所表达的远远不只是一种新的时尚潮流。反之，它具有文化内涵。神秘的中国文化吸引了各国人民这一事实，显示了在某种程度上，一种文化可以被国际性地接受、尊重、欣赏和分享。换而言之，一个民族独特的文化可以通过全球性的经济和文化交流走向世界。由于全球化潮流不可阻挡，所以文化交流可以有效增进相互间的理解和友谊。
在我看来，我们应该保存和珍惜作为无价精神财富的民族文化。同时，我们很有必要推广世界文化，因为来自其他文化的观点，即使乍看起来相互矛盾或荒谬，但从长远看来，可以为我们观察这个世界提供一种不同的视角。然而，在我们面临不同文化时，应该充满理智地取其精华、去其糟粕。只有这样我们才能积极发展民族文化，并使我们的世界丰富多元、五颜六色、充满活力。
4、上述这组图生动描述了一朵鲜花在不同环境中的命运。如第一幅漫画所示，这朵鲜花被放在舒适的温室里，保护它免于可怕的闪电和风雨。拥有合适的温度、湿度和肥料，鲜花正在充分绽放。相反，当被搬出温室并暴露在风雨之下时，鲜花很快就凋谢枯萎了，花瓣散落一地。
首先，这些图画的目的是告诉我们温室花朵经不起风雨，然而我们应该认真对待它们所微妙传达的的象征含义。这朵娇弱的鲜花自然和我们的年轻人联系起来，具体而言，就是当代社会的独生子女。温室是保护孩子免受风雨的父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影，而风雨就是严峻的现实。一旦年轻人开始寻求独立并且接受来自现实世界的挑战，人们发现他们已经被惯坏了，在困难面前无法足够坚强。
总之，我们很有必要从这些发人深思的图画中得出积极的含义。一方面，我们可以经常利用它们来启发年轻人在生活中更加独立。另一方面，父母们应该充满理智给孩子们更多自由来处理困难和问题。只有经历更多的挑战和磨练，年轻人才能培养强大的个性和能力，而且只有这样他们才能成为这个竞争世界中的强者。
5、以上的照片生动地显示出来，相貌英俊的英国足球巨星贝克汉姆在年轻人中广受欢迎。在第一张照片中，贝克汉姆的名字出现在一个年轻人的额头上。文字表明：对偶像的崇拜写在了脸上。在第二张照片中，这个年轻人正在理发店中做贝克汉姆的时髦发型。我们得到的信息是他正花300元来模仿偶像的发式。
毫无疑问，照片巧妙地反映了这样一个社会现象：偶像崇拜目前在青年人中非常盛行。贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象，他的英俊外表以及高超的球技正是球迷们热情追捧的。同样，2005年中国举办的“超级女生”大赛中，几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名。围绕着崇拜这些偶像的意义和危害，这个事件激起了全国性的争论。总之，青年人往往容易崇拜那些在外表、才华和特长方面极其出色的人。
在我看来，偶像崇拜这个发人深思的社会现象，其实是把双刃剑，可以深刻影响青年人成长。如果我们只是靠模仿偶像发型或追逐时尚的方式来崇拜他们，这种痴迷将必定浪费我们大量的金钱和时间，影响我们的工作效率。相反，如果我们靠弥补我们和榜样之间的差距来努力提高自己，我们就会过一种积极和收获显著的生活。因此，我们应当采取后面一种态度来指引我们的人生。
6、如图画中生动所示，尽管每人只有一条腿，但是两个残疾人通过团队合作正在快速奔跑。显而易见，正是合作才使得他们走南闯北成为可能。
尽管这幅图画很简单，但它向我们表达了发人深思的含义。随着经济和社会的发展，竞争日渐激烈。任何人都无法完全独 8
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 9 3/25/2013
立完成一份工作。因此，越来越多的人开始重视团队合作。事实上，普遍公认合作的能力是想要获得成功的任何人都应该具备的最重要的素质。
因此，我们迫切需要采取措施来提高人们的合作意识。我们应该牢记合作对于社会和自身都非常重要。每个人都应拥有合作的能力。只有这样我们才能获得成功，而且只有这样社会才能变得更加和谐。
7、这幅漫画象征性地阐释了无论是为了自我娱乐还是适应工作的需求，很多人在一个拉伸的蜘蛛网之内网上冲浪。然而，看来相当讽刺的地方是，这幅图呈现了他们在试图互相交流的同时，却被蜘蛛网彼此隔开。毫无疑问，这个蜘蛛网作为互联网的一种象征，既连接了人们，又使他们彼此隔离。
这幅比喻并使人印象深刻的图画象征性揭示了人与互联网之间的双重关系。一方面，不可否认网络目前是用于人际交流的最高效媒介之一。作为一名大学生，我每天上网与他人在BBS上讨论新闻，通过注册网络课程来学习英语，借助MSN和我的朋友们免费聊天。但另一方面，很多人承认他们太沉迷于网络而不愿与朋友和同事保持面对面接触。一旦沉迷于这种虚幻世界，人们不愿接近他人并关注现实生活。这就是一些人丧失了直接沟通技能并与他人疏远的原因。
因此，我们很有必要以一种合理的方式使用互联网，避免过度沉迷。毕竟，人们发明互联网是为了连接你和我，为我们的生活带来方便，而非设置障碍使人彼此疏远。
8、如图所示，我们可以清楚看出随着商业捕鱼的发展，鱼的数量明显下降。在一幅图中，1900年有很多种鱼，只有一艘捕鱼船。相反，在1995年，只有一条鱼，但是渔船很多。
这些图画的目的是告诉我们应该充分重视海洋资源的减少。由于过渡捕捞，鱼的数量明显下降。如果我们让这种情况听之任之，我们不知道鱼的未来在哪。到那个时候，我们的环境将遭受巨大的破坏。
因此，我们很有必要采取严厉措施。一方面，我们应该呼吁政府制定严格的法律控制商业捕鱼。另一方面，我们应该提高人们的意识：海洋资源对我们非常重要。只有这样才能保护我们的海洋资源。同时，我认为我们人类能够克服这个困难，并将拥有美好的未来。
9、这幅图画反映了一些中国家庭中普遍存在的现象——子女成年后如何对待他们的父母。当父母年龄太大，不能照顾自己的时候，他们就成了负担，被自己的子女们像足球一样踢来踢去。这是一种不公正的可鄙现象，引起了很多中国人的愤慨。
作为一个以很多美德闻名于世的民族，中国人民自古以来一直奉行孝道。许多广为传颂的故事反复强调了这种历史悠久的爱老敬老的传统，如西汉时缇萦舍身营救蒙冤的父亲免于肉刑的故事。
那些千方百计逃避照顾双亲的责任的子女们应该牢记，他们在出生和成长的过程中亏欠父母太多了。没有父母关怀备至的照料和不懈的工作，他们怎能健康成长并且取得成功？他们怎能虐待父母而不受到良心的谴责？
我们每个人都应该遵守从祖先那里传承下来的美德。只有这样我们才能无愧为中国人。
10、如图所示，一场足球赛正在进行。左边的人似乎在守一个对于射门轻而易举、不可避免的“大门”，而右边的人由于拥有关于“巨大守门员”的幻觉，踢球很犹豫。显而易见，他们两个人都夸大了面前的困难。
这幅图画确实反映了一个目前在中国很普遍同时发人深思的社会现象。由于问题超出他们应对的能力，年轻人总是放弃。表面上看，这幅图画似乎有一些道理，但当我们仔细思考时，我们就会发现在这个现象之下有一个明显的趋势：缺乏自信。首先，众所周知，我们生活在一个充满各种困难的多元化世界。我们别无选择，只能面对。其次，态度是采取第一步的关键。拥有勇气和信心来解决问题，你就会发现问题并非你想象的那么“严重”。以我们自己为例，研究生入学考试似乎是我们面前的一个可怕的怪物。有些人放弃了，而有些人则坚持了下来。因此，拥有信心和对困难的正确估计，并且竭尽全力，我们就将解决所有的问题。
总而言之，我认为我们年轻人应该以正确的方式面对困难。世上无难事，只怕有心人。
五、大纲解读：两大黄金原则（大纲见新教材PP.1-2）
1.2.印象原则：书写工整、卷面整洁、字迹清晰 语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 10 3/25/2013
1）语言：
（1）基本正确（2）丰富多变 2）结构：逻辑性
（1）段落结构：总分总
A.主题句：1句 B.描述或论证：2-3句 C.（小结：1句）
（2）评分标准：
A.关联词 B.同义替换 C.代词替换
3）内容：不跑题
第二节 段落写作
一、考研论说文框架结构：3段，12句，160－200词，5－7个关联词，5－7个从句
（一）第一段：引言/起始/淘金段，图画描述，3句
1、总体描述：人物/动物/事物＋动作＋环境，1句
2、挖掘细节词、串连成句：1－2句
3、文字说明/象征寓意：1句
（二）第二段：主体段，意义阐释，5句
1、主题句：象征寓意，1句
2、论证：3句
1）因果论证：2007年考题见教材P.21，2008年考题见P.22 We are facing/encountering different/various kind of difficulties/challenges.Competition is becoming increasingly fierce.Everyone has his or her own advantages/benefits and disadvantages/shortcomings.We are lack of experience Stress/pressure 2）举例论证：
A.Numerous examples can be given, but this/these will suffice.B.I can think of no better illustration than the following one(s).C.This/These case(s)effectively clarify that…
3）
2002年考题参见教材P.18 The American girl represents a great many foreigners.The traditional Chinese costume symbolizes Chinese culture.联系现实：图画作文创作原则（以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体，具体想为抽象）
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 11 3/25/2013
The fact that the American girl wears traditional Chinese costume indicates that national culture can be accepted internationally.4）正反论证
3、小结：1句，概括论证，总结本段
（三）第三段：结论段，建议措施，4句
1、结论句：1句
2、针对双方提建议：2句
3、包装结尾、展望未来：1句
Only in this way can we solve this problem.It is high time that we solved this problem.二、启承转合：
（一）（二）启：启动观点、开篇点题 承：观点承接、正面论证
1、First(ly), In the first place, First and foremost, Above all, On the one hand, For one thing，2、Second(ly), In the second place, Besides, In addition, What is more, Furthermore, Moreover, On the other hand, For another
3、Third(ly),(The)Last but not(the)least, More importantly, Even worse，（三）转：观点转折、反面论证
Conversely, Nevertheless, Unfortunately, Whereas, Yet, Instead, In/By comparison/contrast, On the contrary
（四）合：文章结尾、合并归纳
As a result/consequence, Consequently, Accordingly, Thus, Hence, Generally/Briefly speaking，三、段落写作经典范文：参见第一节大作文（7）（2009年范文）
四、范文学习五大步骤：
1、读透：十遍精读：
1）精彩词汇 2）精彩词组 3）精彩句型
4）句子结构：简单句、从句、时态、冠词、主谓一致、名词单复数 5）段落结构：总分总，主题句＋论证＋小结 6）关联词：小作文3－5个，大作文5－7个 7）同义替换：词汇＋句型 8）代词替换： 9）精彩观点： 10）分析评论：
2、造句
3、大声朗读
4、背熟
5、运用
第三节 图画作文
一、2007年范文：见教材P.42
二、2008年范文：见教材P.43 11
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 12 3/25/2013
第四节 词汇与句子写作
一、遣词造句四大要素：
1、ACCURACY：extensive(a wide range of)knowledge, fierce competition
2、VARIETY：
1）
（1）I hold the opinion that, As far as I am concerned,（2）cling to the idea, in my opinion/view, point out，（3）maintain, reckon, assert, hold, claim, emphasize, insist, suppose, assume 2）（1）（2）（3）Due attention has to be paid to, Importance should be attached to, be of great importance/significance vital, essential, crucial, significant 3）people in growing/expanding/increasing/mounting numbers 4）for the purpose of, aim to/at, in a bid to
3、DIFFICULTY：primary/fundamental factors/causes.4、SPLENDOR：
1）My eyes were sparkling with delight.2）He flied into a stormy rage.3）I fell into the abyss of unspeakable pain.4）Such is human nature, that a great many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.二、词汇写作经典范文：见第一节大作文（1）（98年高分作文）
三、七大亮点设置：
1、1）Natural disasters claim hundreds of lives every year.2）I do appreciate your efforts.3）Once in front of me, lay a real chance.Yet, I did not value it.Not until the moment I lost it, did I realize how regretful I was.If God gave me another opportunity, I would never stop making progress.4）I sat outside in the hall.Everything inside me has gone away.I didn’t think.I could not think.I knew she was leaving me, but I prayed she not.(Ernest Hemingway: The Sun Also Rises)
2、A culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared.3、environmental protection/awareness
4、with due consideration of, take into account/consideration5、1）
（1）（2）（3）
2）
（1）Only in this way can laid-off workers completely shrug off poverty and regain their dignity in life.只有这样下岗工人才能彻底摆脱贫困并且重新获得他们生命中的尊严。
总而言之，只有长期学习才有助于你掌握大的词汇量。
考虑到上述所有论证，政府早就该实行改革把传统教育模式转变为素质教育。
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 13 3/25/2013
（2）In conclusion, it is persistent work that is conducive to your grasping a large/considerable vocabulary.（3）Given all the above arguments, it is high time that the authorities enforced reforms to convert traditional education strategy into education for all-round development/quality-oriented education.6、As John F.Kennedy put it, “Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.”
7、1）Just as an old saying goes, “All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.”
2）Just as an old saying goes, “God only helps those who help themselves.”（天助自助者/自助者天助之！）
四、句子写作经典范文：见第一节大作文（2）（01年范文）
第五节 应用文
一、课后复习：
1、消化笔记：
2、中译英、背诵、默写、仿写：20大必背范文，滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善
3、总结框架、考前模考：
二、书信格式：
（一）称呼
1、题目无人名：Dear Sir or Madam，2、题目有人名：Dear＋人名，（二）正文：3段、7句、100－120词、3－5关联词、3－5从句
1、第一段：1－2句
1）自我介绍
（1）I am a staff member from your company/corporation.I am a staff member from Motorola(China)Electronics Ltd.（2）I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University.2）写作目的：
（1）I am writing the letter in purpose of resigning from my current post/position.（2）I am writing to inform you that I wish to request if you could help me find a potential beneficiary of the Project Hope.2、第二段：3-6句
1）改写提纲一：1句
2）改写提纲二：1句
3）改写提纲三：1句
3、第三段
1）表示感谢（私人建议信除外）
（1）（2）（3）2）期待回信
（1）I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.（2）I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.（3）Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.（三）落款 My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you.I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.13
2010考研英语强化写作讲义Page 14 3/25/2013
1、结尾客套：Yours sincerely，2、签名：Li Ming
三、经典书信：2009年范文（见第一节小作文6）
四、其他应用文：
（一）告示：见第一节小作文（10）
（二）备忘录/报告： Directions:
You are the president of a company.Write a memo to Percy Shelley, the vice-president on the employee’s training on computer, telling him the need to train the employees, detailed information, and ask him to write a plan.Date：January 20, 2008 To：Percy Shelley, Vice President From：Li Ming, President Subject：Computer Training of the Staff As we discussed earlier this week, I agree with you that our firm is faced up with problem of the high rate of computer illiteracy of the staff.We need to make up a plan for training our employees in the new field.I would like you to design our own in-house computer-training program.We had better classify the employees and put them through the program in turn.Write up a brief proposal, describing what you think the program should cover.Assume the class runs four hours a week for ten weeks.Also, assume people have no prior computer knowledge or any formal course work in computer science.（三）摘要：
Directions: Write a summary of the following essay.A third kind of thinking is stimulated when anyone questions our beliefs and opinions.We sometimes find ourselves changing our minds without any resistance or heavy emotion, but if we are told that we are wrong we resent the imputation and harden our hearts.We are incredibly heedless in the information of our beliefs, but find ourselves filled with an illicit passion for them when anyone proposes to rob us of their companionship.It is obvious not the ideas themselves that are dear to us, but our self－esteem, which is threatened.We are by nature stubbornly pledged to defend our own from attack, whether it be our person, our family, our property, or our opinion.We may surrender, but rarely confess ourselves vanquished.In the intellectual world at least, peace is without victory.Few of us take the pains to study the origin of our cherished convictions;indeed, we have a natural repugnance to so doing.We like to continue to believe what we have been accustomed to accept as true, and the resentment aroused when doubt is cast upon any of our assumptions leads us to seek every manner of excuse for clinging to them.The result is that most of our so-called reasoning consists in finding arguments for going on believing as we already do.参考答案
A third kind of thinking occurs when we are told that our beliefs and opinions are wrong.We may have been heedless in their information, but our self-esteem will not permit us to change.We may have to give up, but we are not convinced.We do not study the origin of our beliefs;we believe as we have been accustomed to believe, and we seek arguments for continuing to believe as we already do.14
第二篇：考研写作讲义
考研写作讲义
考试类型: 应用文写作(俗称小作文, 10分, 建议考场15分钟完成, 建议字数在100-120之间最好, 低于75字会扣分, 分值10分)
看图说话作文(中国特色之”看图大作文”类型, 20分, 建议考场35分钟完成, 建
议字数在200-230之间最好, 低于160会扣分, 分值20分)
攻克重点: 通常讲,所有的国内外高端考试(国内考研, 国外雅思托福GRE/GMAT, 都是字数
要求多的要写好), 但考研是”双管齐下”, 小作文重在词汇，大作文重在内容和表
达。
评分标准:
1． 一共6个档次，对于坐在这个教室的同学来说只需要关注”四五六”三档,其他的无意义, 三档会得到14-18分, 四档会得到20-24分, 五档会得到26-30分.2． 所有的作文考试基本都是从四个角度去考察和评分: 观点, 结构, 论证, 语言,考研也一样.3． 针对于具体的评分, 我们把握这么一个顺序: 很好完成任务, 较好完成任务,基本完成任务.(考研的评分标准依然借鉴的是雅思)
考试内容:
1.小作文包括信件(商务信函和私人信函), 备忘录, 摘要, 报告, 告示.(前两种最
可能考到, 从2005年开始小作文到现在这4年考的均为信件, 其他形式没有出
现过, 05年辞职信, 06年寻找被资助人, 07年建议信, 08年道歉信)
2.大作文主要为图画作文, 这是中国人具有”中国特色”的一部分, 目前两图和一
图均出现过, 具体统计为: 两图写作（99、00、03、06、07）一图写作（98、01、02、04、05）98年母鸡承诺下蛋;99年人口上升和野生动物灭绝加重;00
年海上捕鱼95年之对比;01年爱心是盏灯;02年文化影响;03年温室花朵的两
种反应;04年终点与起点的意义;05年养老足球赛;06年贝克汉姆崇拜;07年个
人自信;08年一起走南闯北
3.不需在开头写题目.4.格式选择”齐头空行”或者”每行缩进”均可.5.语言需要使用书面语，比如 ad—advertisement, TV—television, lab—laboratory,exam—examination, dorm—dormitory, can’t—can not（疑问句除外）
6.拼写选择美式英语和英式英语均可, 但尽量保持一致, 同时尽量不要出现
chinglish.应考策略:
1.三表原则
表述要……………………..表达要………………………
(词, 句, 篇, 语法错误分析)
表演莫………………………..2.熟悉题型与内容
小作文的类型: 私人信函和商务信函
小作文的内容: 感谢信, 投诉信, 邀请信, 致歉信, 失物招领信, 求职辞职信, 建
议咨询信.(注意现在的”合二为一”趋势)
3.确定结构
无论大小作文, 都需要”总分总”模式.4.理由分类（后面有英文部分）/ 5
A.健康(饮食营养/心情放松/生活习惯/烟酒伤害/生命财产安全)
B.便利(交通/娱乐/吃喝/休闲/购物)
C.交流(技巧提高/家人/朋友/同学/同事/领导/网友)
D.习惯与心理(习惯/兴趣/乐趣/风俗/传统)
E.成就感(成功/荣誉感/自信/财富/动力)
F.环保(生态平衡/从植物保护/环境污染)
G.经济(就业/旅游/收入/税收/投资)
H.品格(自信/有经验/坚韧/上进/独立/负责任/宽容等)
I.教育培训(科技发展/知识增加/职业选择)
J.国家文明(民族/社会/世界/文明)
5.语言润色（复杂句式的练习）
6.话题预测
热点话题: 房子, 股票, 油价的价格上升
地震给人们心灵和社会带来的影响
奥运会举办的积极意义
网络道德的严重性和法律干涉的必要性
恒久话题: 人际关系(自己与周围的人以及和社会或者政府的关系)
教育问题(素质教育等)
环保(重要性, 改善状况, 严重后果)
文化差异(积极影响或者消极影响)
个人健康(身体健康和心灵健康)
词汇汇总：
健康
Dietary nutrition,饮食营养 mentally-relaxed,心理放松 personal life habits个人生活习惯, hazards caused by drinking and smoking抽烟喝酒所带来的伤害, property security财产安全, life security生命安全
便利
Convenient life方便生活(a wide range of transportation means各式各样的交通方式, entertainment娱乐, amusement娱乐, recreation休闲, shopping购物)
交流
Communication(communicative skills交流技巧, with family members, classmates, colleagues and netizens网民)
习惯和心理
Personal habits个人习惯
Personal mentality/state of mind个人心态
Local custom/habitual activities当地风俗
Personal interest/preference/fondness/keenness个人兴趣和喜好
Family ties/emotional ties/affectionate ties/loving relation/intimate relation家庭关系/情感纽带/亲密关系
Personal likes and dislikes 个人好恶
Sense of achievement 成就感
Succeed/ successful /success/successfully成功
Sense of honor荣誉感
Reputation/fame 名望和声望
Privilege特权
Fortune/wealth/property/prosperity财富
Well-off/wealthy/rich/prosperous/better-off有钱的Poor/badly-off/worse-off/impoverished贫穷的Confidence/be sure of oneself/hold a strong belief in oneself自信
Motivation/stimulation动机
Mental pressure/stress/tension心理压力
Environment/environmental protection/conservation/preservation 环境保护
Hold an environmentally-friendly attitude持有环保态度
Ecological balance生态平衡
The preservation of plantation and animals动植物保护
Endangered species/extinct species/fossil濒危物种/灭绝物种/化石
Pollution/contamination(water/air/light/noise/radiation)污染
Acid rain/global warming/decreased level of icecap/greenhouse effects/stagnant air/gases---dioxide nitrogen/sulphur 酸雨/全球变暖/冰帽水平下降/温室效应/污染空气/二氧化氮/二氧化硫/二氧化碳）
Carbon-dioxide)
Economic/economical/financial 经济
Fund-raising activities 募集资金活动
Investment/input of money, material and labor投资/投入钱物力和人力
Save/conserve/conservation of water/land/material/resources节约用水/土地/资料/资源
Tour/trip/journey/travel/tourism/tourism resources have been overly exploited旅游/旅游资源杯过渡开发
/packed tour/self-help tour/tourguide打包游/自助游/导游
Employment rate/unemployment rate 就业率/失业率
Salary/wage/income/revenue/additional income/earnings/收入
Live within/below/beyond one’s means收支平衡/量入为出/入不敷出
Expense/expenditure/the money one expends花费
Taxation税收
Quality: experienced/veteran 素质
Competent/competence有能力
Brilliant/intelligent/quick-witted/quick-minded/bright/people with bright mind聪明
Humorous/a strong sense of humor幽默
Cooperative/a strong sense of cooperation/coordination/competition富有竞争力
Persistent/persevering/strong-willed坚持
Aspiring/aggressive/ambitious上进
Independent/a strong sense of independence/live on my own独立
Responsible/reliable/trustworthy/a sense of responsibility 负责任
Tolerate of/be tolerant of /tolerance宽容
Optimistic/pessimistic 乐观/悲观
Modest谦虚
Brave/with courage/heart/daring 勇敢
Kind/warm-hearted/upright/sincere善良
科技
Technology/technological/technician/科技
Technological innovation 科技创新
Education/schooling/upbringing教育/教学/培养
Training 培训
Advance/progress/development发展
Computer science(cyberize, computerize, insecurity and immorality in the cyber world, addiction in online games)电脑科技（网络化，电子化，网络世界的不安全和不道德性，沉迷于网络游戏
Television(commercial, advertisement, couch potato)电视（广告，电视迷）
Satellite/man-made satellite/artificial intelligence)卫星（人造卫星，人工智能）
Robots(physical hazards, a big threat to the human beings because of the possible result of unemployment, free the humans from the laborious work)机器人（身体伤害，由于导致失业而对人类产生的威胁，把人类从辛劳的工作中解救出来）
Knowledge(knowledge accumulation, knowledge upgrading, career selection)知识（知识积累i/知识升级/职业选择）
Job satisfaction, high/low work efficiency)工作满意，高效工作/低效工作）
About: regarding, concerning, involving, as regards, relating to, with reference to, with respect to, with relation to
Very: fairly, considerably, extraordinarily, remarkably, amazingly, extremely, overwhelmingly, strikingly, exceedingly, dramatically关于
小作文可用词汇:(开头目的)
道歉: apologize, make apologetic comments, express my personal sincere apology, express my regret, being apologetic/sorry/regretful.感谢: being grateful/thankful/benedictory for…, thank sb for doing sth, express my appreciation/gratitude/thanks/acknowledgement
投诉: complain about, make my complaints to you, express my disappointment/concern/discontentment/complaints with your…, draw the possible attention from the authority
求学: inquire about the admission to your school, apply for your school, know the detailed procedure of admission to your school
邀请: write this invitational letter to you, invite you to do …, invite you to participate in …, wish you to accept my invitation to do…
求职: being interested in the job/post/position you offered, write the letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job you offered, as a new applicant of the job you advertised in China Daily, apply for the vacant position of being a … in your company.辞职: quit my job, make the resignation, show my final decision of resigning, send in my papers, leave my current position, find another one to replace me
建议: offer/make my sincere advice/suggestion/suggested ideas/proposal/recommendation, inform you of some of suggested ideas, provide you with some reasonable suggestions for you to consider
结尾词:
期待: expect, look forward to doing, wish, hope that/hope to do/hope for, long for, desire for, look towards
收到回信: hear from you, receive your early response, be formally notified, await your reply, wait for your early reply if possible
没有打扰到对方: hope for no inconvenience this might cause, be deeply sorry for the possible trouble, be wholeheartedly indebted to you
尽可能早: as soon as possible, if possible, as early as possible
中间段落的衔接词:
首先,其次, 然后, 最后: firstly, secondly, thirdly;in the first place, in the second place, in the final place;first and foremost, moreover, additionally, furthermore, eventually, last but by no means least;to start with, to end with, on top of that, in addition to that, added to that, besides, finally, lastly.因果关系: because of/due to/thanks to/owing to/by virtue of/on account of;
Because/for/since/as;as a result/consequence/output;
In consequence/in the end/consequently/accordingly/therefore/thereby/hence/thus 转折关系：however, nevertheless, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand
越来越多: more and more;the number of … is growing/increasing/on the rise/on the increase
A growing number/an increasing number/a rising number of/an expanding numberPeople in growing numbers/in increasing numbers/in expanding numbers
越来越少: 对应换词即可
第三篇：2015年考研英语二写作补充讲义
考研英语
（二）真题写作讲义
2010年考研英语
（二）真题写作
Part A 范文 ：
Dear xxx,I am xxx.(交代个人身份)。I am now back to China.I would like to extend/ convey /express my heartfelt / sincere thanks / gratitude to you and your wifeas well as your children for you kindness/ friendliness and hospitality to host me in xxx（New York city / Los Angeles）city。Your considerate / careful / generous help and care made me feel happy and relaxed.I will never forget this beautiful memory / I will remember this beautiful memory for ever.Anyway , I hold that it is an honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the photos we took together.I'm now quite interested in American culture and hope to further know it in the future.I sincerely hope that one dayyouwill come here to visit some places of interest.In order that I can have the chance to reward you for your kindness.Hope to see you in China.I feel grateful to you once more.Yours sincerely,XXX
感谢信件中使用的闪光词汇及词组：
convey: v.传达，转达
heartfelt: adj.衷心的，真心实意的generous: adj.大方的，慷慨的tender: adj.温柔的pay a visit: 访问
cherish ：珍视，珍惜
万能句型：
I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to…
Your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed.I feel grateful to thank you again.2010年考研英语二真题写作
Part B:
About theIncreaseofCellphones ’Number
As can be seen from the above chart, between 2000 and 2003,the number of users from the
developing countries is almost the same as that of the developed ones.Obviously, the gap of the number is not so large.However, as time goes by, from 2004 to 2008, more and more people from developing countires own / possess more cellphones than those from the developed ones.In 2008, the number of cellphone users is about 4 billion in the developing countries, while in the developed ones, the number is just one billion.As a matter of fact, the reasons , in my opinion, are as follows.To begin with , the economy in
developing countries has developed much faster than that of the developed countries.In addition / Moreover, the population is much larger that of the developed countries.Last but not least, the price is not high and it’s easy for people to buy one cellphone.As far as I am concerned,the mobile phones may have strong radiation and may be unhealthy for the users.I suggest that people who always use them should put on earphones and turn off before they fall asleep.2011年考研英语写作
47写信表示祝贺，祝贺李明被大学录取了。
祝贺信书信模板参考如下：
Dear ________,1)I’ m happy / pleased / excited / delighted to learn that …(you have been
admitted to a famous university.)2)It is a very joyful news that I have heard for a long time.3)I would like to extend / express / convey my heartfelt congratulations and good wishes to you.或者说 I would like to convey my … / congratulate you on your success.4)In order to better adapt to the college life, I ’d like to show/ give /
put forward some valuable suggestions as follows.5)To begin with , _________.6)Moreover , _________.7)Last but not least , _________.8)Once more,please accept my sincere congratulations.9)Ihope you may strive for the next goal at college and realize more dreams through your own efforts.10)l am looking forward to hearing from you.Best wishes.Sincerely yours,xxx
PartB(2011年写作真题
参考范文：
As is shown from the above chart, in 2009, Chinese cars account for more than 30% which is larger than that of American cars as well as the Japanese cars.But in 2008, there are about 35 percent of Japanese cars while only 25 percent of China’s home-made cars.In 2009, the Japanese cars’ market share decreases to about 25 percent and that of the Chinese cars has increased by at least by 8 percent or so.As far as I am concerned, the reasons are as follows.To begin with, Chinese economy has developed faster than before.What’s more, the better quality and the more reasonable price attract more customers in the domestic car market.While the poor after-sale service of Japanese cars has made many Chinese users feel disappointed.Surely , the home-made
cars have won over a great number of customers by comparatively preferential price as well as the service.Meanwhile , Chinese people are more wealthy and the living standard has been improved greatly since the reform and opening up policy was carried out.Last but not least, we Chinese always support our own car industry.As a result , the Chinese cars have won a larger market share than the American or Japanese cars.As a matter of fact , as long as the products are excellent, reliable and qualified and the after-sale service is pretty good , our home-made cars surely occupy a larger / the largest market share.2012年 英语
（二）真题写作
投诉信写作模板：
关于抱怨信和投诉信
Dear __________,1)I am a _______and I am _____.2)I am writing to complain about xxx / Iam writing to show my complaint aboutxxx.3)The complaint details are as follows._________________________.4)To begin with/ firstand foremost , ________________.5)What’s more / In addition / Moreover ,__________________.6)Last but not least , _______________.7)Inaword,it isurgentfor you to ___________________.8)If you can’t____________ , Iwill sue you and dial the number 12315.9)anyway Ido hopethat you may pay attention to my own problem.10)Your early reply will be highly appreciated.11)I am looking forward to your early / prompt reply.Sincerely yours
Xxx
2012 年真题 写作参考范文：
Dearxxx,I am a _____and I am ______.Ibought an electronic dictionary from your Internet store last week.But it is of low quality and I feel annoyed about it.I am writing to extend/ express / convey my complaint about your product.The details are as follows.To begin with , some keys on the keyboard even can’twork.In addition, there are some spelling mistakes in terms of the words or phrases.Last but not least, it even sometimes automatically turns off and the screen may appear the problem of “be black ”.All in all, it is urgent that you should resolve my problem and change a new one for
me.If you can’t do it in time, I will dial the number of 12315.Anyway , I sincerely hope that you can resolve my problem and pay attention to my complaint.Your early / prompt reply will be highly appreciated.I look forward to your prompt reply as soon as possible.Sincerely,ZhangWei
2011年
As is seen from the above chart, we may find that the percentage of job satisfaction of the working staff in one company may vary from person to person.We can see the percentage of people who are satisfied with their jobs is the highest among the people who are over 50 years old at about 40.while the percentage of the staff not satisfied with their jobs is about 64 percent among the people between 41 and 50 years old.The main reasons, from my own perspective , are as follows.To begin with, the staff between the age of 41 and 50surely have greater pressure from their own families and the competition of the working units.After all.They must pay much money for the education of their children and even pay much for the medicine for the aged parents.Moreover, the people over 50 years old, will retire sooner or later and surely show less complaint.As we all know, people under the age of 40 will easily choose to hunt jobs and work in another company if they are not satisfied with the current job or position.Therefore, they are the group who are more dissatisfied with their jobs.In my opinion / form my viewpoint, as the leaders , the should do their utmost to improve the working conditions and enhance the salary for the staff.On the contrary , the employees should try their best to make greater contribution and should not always complain about the current working conditions.补充： 辞职信
Dear boss / manager ,I am______.Now I am writing to inform you of my decision to resign from my current position.I plan to leave_______________(时间)。
The reasons for my own resignation are as follows.First and foremost / To begin with, _____________.in addition , ____________________.Last but not least,________________.In a word , ________________________.I will be very grateful if you accept my resignation.I should show my gratitude for your promotionand tender care.I will later choose _____________ as my new career.Please forgive and understand me.Thank you for allowing me to resign.Sincerely ,XXX
考研英语
（二）真题写作
申请信件 ：
Dear xxx，I am xxx.I am writing to apply for a __________in the___________in order that I could_____________.My personal information is as follows.To begin with , __________________.In addition,________________.Last but not least , _____________________.If my application could be taken into consideration , I will be very grateful.I am confident that I can ________________.I am looking forward to your prompt reply.Yours, XXX
第四篇：考研英语之新东方写作强化必背
小作文
1、十大必背范文之一：08真题：道歉+建议信 Directions: You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there.Write him a letter to 1）make an apology, and
2）suggest a solution Dear Bob: I’m writing to apologize for having forgotten to return the “the Beatles” CD to you when I left Canada.I was in such a hurry that I packed everything in my luggage without checking carefully.Had I paid more attention then, I wouldn’t have made such a stupid mistake.Now something must be done to solve the problem because I understand you cherish the CD enormously.I can either send it to you by express mail or alternatively compensate you at a reasonable price.If you do not mind, I may bring it back to you next time I go to Canada.Please let me know which solution you prefer at your earliest convenience.I really hope you will accept my sincere apology.Faithfully yours
Li Ming 亲爱的鲍勃：
我写此信的目的是为了向你道歉。在离开加拿大时，我忘了把那盘披头士乐队的CD还给你。走的时候太匆忙了，我把所有东西都塞到行李中，没有仔细检查。当时要是多加注意的话，就不会犯这种低级错误了。
因为我知道你特别珍爱那盘CD，所以一定要想办法解决这个问题。我可以寄快递包裹给你，也可以按合理的价格赔偿你的损失。如果你不介意的话，我也可以在下次去加拿大的时候把它给你带回去。
请在方便的时候尽快让我知道你倾向哪一种解决方案。希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。
您真诚的
李明
2、十大必背范文之二：2009真题：建议信/致编辑信（=短议论文）教材115页 Directions: Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions.“White Pollution” is still going on.Write a letter to the editor(s)of your local newspaper to 1)give your opinions briefly, and
2)make two or three suggestions.Dear Editors:
I have been reading your newspaper for many years with a great enthusiasm and interest.It is my view that limiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of utmost significance.To crack this hard nut, I would like to propose several practical recommendations as follows.First and foremost, it is imperative for us to ban the free use of disposable plastic bags.In addition, we should develop possible alternative forms to replace them, such as paper or clothing bags.Last but not least, plastic bags should be offered in a much higher price in department stores or supermarkets.I hope you will find the above proposals conducive and I would like to discuss this matter to further details.Your prompt attention to my suggestions would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 尊敬的编辑：
多年来我一直怀着极大的热情与兴趣阅读贵报。我认为限制使用一次性塑料袋非常重要。
为解决这个难题，我想提出如下几个实用的建议。首先，我们急需禁止免费使用一次性塑料袋。其次，我们应该开发塑料袋的替代品，如纸袋或布袋。最后，商场或超市应以更高的价格提供塑料袋。
我希望您觉得上述建议有益，同时希望进一步讨论这一问题。十分感谢您对我的建议给予及时的关注。
您真诚的
李明
3、十大必背范文之三：2010英语
（二）真题：感谢信 Directions: You have just come back from the U.S as a member of Sino-American cultural exchange program.Write a letter to your American colleague to 1）express your thanks to his/her warm reception, 2）welcome him/her to visit China in due course.Dear Bob:
I have just arrived at my home from the airport.As I sit behind the desk, I just want to write a letter to you.I am grateful for your warm reception in this cultural exchange program.You and your family gave me a deep impression.The program is one of the most wonderful memories in my life.In once talk you said you want to travel in China.Well, you will be welcomed and it will be my pleasure to be your guide.By the way, send me a list and write down the places where you would like to visit.Please give my best regards to your family.(110 words)
Sincerely yours
Zhang Wei 亲爱的鲍勃：
我刚从机场回到家里。我在书桌前坐下就想给你写这封信。在这次文化交流项目中，非常感谢你的热情接待。你和你的家人给我留下了深刻的印象。这个项目是我一生中最美好的回忆之一。
你曾经说过你想来中国旅行。那么，非常欢迎，而且我很荣幸做你的导游。顺便说一句，给我寄一张清单，写下你想去的地方。
请向你的家人致以诚挚的祝福。
你真诚的
张伟
4、十大必背范文之四：2011真题：推荐信 Directions: Write a letter to a friend of yours to 1)recommend one of your favorite movies and 2)give reasons for your recommendation.Dear Neo: I’m so glad to hear from you.How have you been theses days?
In your last letter, you talked about movies you love.I agreed with you that Matrix is a great movie.Guess what? If you lose some weight, you’ll be as cool as “Neo” in the film!
Anyway, here is one of my favorite movies that I would like to recommend to you.The title of the movie is The Legend of 1900 and there’re some reasons for my recommendation.Firstly, the director is very famous and respected all over the world.Its story is very moving and its hero is a very talented pianist named “1900”.More importantly, the sound track of the movie is extraordinarily beautiful.I know you like music and you are learning to play piano.I hope you’ll enjoy the movie and learn something about playing piano.I am looking forward to your reply.Take care!
Yours, Li Ming 利奥：
很高兴收到你的来信。近来过得怎么样？
在上封信里，你提到了喜爱的电影。我也认为《黑客帝国》是一部伟大的电影。你猜怎么着？如果减点肥的话，你会像电影里的“利奥”一样酷。
无论如何，我想给向推荐我最喜爱的一部电影。电影的名字是《海上钢琴师》，推荐原因如下。首先，这位导演全球闻名，并且受人敬重。它的故事非常感人，主人公是名叫“1900”的一位天才钢琴师。此外，电影的音效尤其优美。我知道你喜欢音乐，而且你正在学习弹钢琴。希望你喜欢这部电影，并且从中学习一些钢琴技巧。期待着你的回信。保重！
李明
5、十大必背范文之五： 2011英语
（二）真题：祝贺+建议信 Directions: Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university.Write him/her a letter to: 1)congratulate him/her, and 2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Dear Li Ming: I’m so glad to hear that you have received the offer from Beijing University.Congratulations!There’s nothing surprising——I remember seeing how hard you have been working since childhood.Now you have the opportunity to learn physics, which you have a huge interest in, in one of the best universities in China.I feel extremely happy for you.Well, I want to share some reminders for university life with you.First of all, don’t forget your study.Second, take some time to know yourself well and make your own decisions.Third, enjoy your life as long as it’s under your control.I hope you will have a wonderful time!
Yours Zhang Wei 李明：
很高兴得知你收到了来自北京大学的录取通知。祝贺你！没什么好奇怪的——我现在还记得你童年以来一直在多么努力地学习。现在你终于有机会在中国最好的大学之一学习物理学，你有强烈兴趣的专业。我格外为你高兴。
下面，我想和你分享一些大学生活的建议。首先，别忘了学习。其次，花点时间好好了解自己，自己做出决定。第三，只要你能掌控，尽可能享受生活。希望你过得开心。
张伟
6、十大必背范文之六： 2012真题：欢迎+建议信（教材121页）Directions: Some international students are coming to your university.Write them an email in the name of the Students' Union to 1)extend your welcome and 2)provide some suggestions for their campus life here.Dear Friends: On behalf of the Students’ Union of Beijing Foreign Studies University, I would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to all of the overseas students from all over the world to study in our university.It is my great pleasure to offer you several practical suggestions.In the first place, life in this prestigious university perhaps is not as easy as you have expected.You may be tightly bound by continual classes, abundant homework and exams.Then, be prepared for the hectic life here.In the second place, in spite of all those burdens, various extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests, social gatherings still will provide ample opportunity to make friends.So, enjoy your life in this esteemed institute!All in all, although there is a lot of pressure, the time you spend on our campus will be worthwhile in your whole life.Hope you like it here!
Yours sincerely
Li Ming 亲爱的朋友们：
我谨代表北京外国语大学学生会，向来我校学习的留学生表达衷心的欢迎。
我很荣幸地向你们提出一些实用的建议。首先，这所著名学府的生活也许不像你们所设想的那么轻松。你们可能会陷入面临繁重的课程、大量的作业和考试。因此，做好准备迎接这里的繁忙生活吧。其次，尽管有以上负担，运动会、演讲比赛、联谊会等各种各样的课外活动仍会提供大量结交朋友的机会。所以，尽情享受这所著名大学里的生活吧！
总之，尽管有很多压力，但你们在我们校园里度过的时光仍将是你一生中一段有意义的岁月。希望你们喜欢这里！
您真诚的
李明
7、十大必背范文之七： 2012英语
（二）真题：投诉信（教材122页）Directions: Suppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an online store the other day.Write an email to the customer service center to 1)make a complaint, and 2)demand a prompt solution.Dear Sir or Madam: I bought an electronic dictionary from your online store on January 1st, but I found it has some problems after using it for a short period of time.To begin with, the battery needs recharging after a mere 2 hours of use.This means that I need to carry my charger with me when I go out for a day.In addition, the buttons on the electronic dictionary are so small that it is nearly impossible to type anything with them.Personally, I find this to be completely unacceptable.Therefore, I would like to either change the electronic dictionary for another model that works well or a full refund.Your help is greatly appreciated.Yours sincerely
Zhang Wei 尊敬的先生或女士：
1月1日我在贵网店购买了一部电子词典，但在使用了一段时间之后，我发现它有一些问题。
首先，在仅仅使用两小时之后，电池就需要充电。这就意味着当我出门一天时，就需要随身携带充电器。此外，这部电子词典的按键如此之小，以至于几乎无法通过键盘输入任何东西。对我个人而言，我认为这一点完全不能接受。
因此，我希望要么为我换一个能运行正常的型号，要么全额退款。非常感谢您的帮助。
您真诚的
张伟
8、十大必背范文之八：2010英语
（一）真题： Directions: You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization.The notice should include the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice.Use “ postgraduate association ” instead.(10 points)
Notice Volunteers are needed for the International Conference on Globalization to be held on this campus in early July.Basic requirements are familiarity with the theme of the conference and proficiency of English.Other requirements include interpersonal communication ability, familiarity with our city in terms of its tourist attractions and its history, proper manners, and sense of responsibility.Priority and preference will be given to those experienced, either in international conference or in other similar activities.Call 86754321 or send messages to postgr_ass@ccc.edu.cn for an application and for information on the interview.Enquiries are encouraged but visits declined.（97 words）
The Postgraduate’s Association
告示
七月初将于本校举行关于全球化的国际研讨会，现招募志愿者。基本要求是熟悉本次会议的主题以及精通英语。其他要求包括人际沟通能力、熟悉我市的景点及历史，举止适当，有责任感。优先考虑参加过国际会议或其他类似活动的有经验者。
申请职位以及咨询面试相关信息，请致电86754321或发送邮件到postgr_ass@ccc.edu.cn。欢迎垂询，谢绝来访。
研究生会
9、十大必背范文之九：备忘录/报告： Directions: The environmental protection club is going to organize some activities with the theme of “Creating Green Culture and Building Low-Carbon Campus”.As the club leader, you will write a memo to the members to explain the importance and arrangements of those activities.Do not sign your own name.Use “Li Ming” instead.To: All club members From: Li Ming Date: January 19, 2013 Subject: Creating Green Culture and Building Low-Carbon Campus We are going to launch a series of activities to promote low-carbon lifestyle, or more specifically to advocate energy efficiency, waste minimization and recycling.This green lifestyle is a potential recipe for a healthier and more habitable environment and highly recommendable to every person.To attract more schoolmates to accept this low-carbon lifestyle, we will hold lectures to introduce the new life concept, make broadcast programs to record low-carbon experience around us and host an exhibition of fruits of recycling to encourage students to make the best use of old stuff.In addition, we will hand out leaflets to every dormitory, recommending students to switch off unused lights and other electrical equipments, recycle paper, batteries and plastic bottles, and travel by bicycle, bus or subway.All members are required to take part in those above activities.Other creative thoughts and brilliant ideas about activity plan will be encouraged.(148 words)致：全体成员 自：李明
日期：2013年1月19日
主题：创建绿色文化，建设低碳校园
我们将举办一系列推广低碳生活的活动，更准确的说，就是推广有效利用能源，减少浪费和回收利用。绿色生活是实现更健康更宜居环境的诀窍，应该推荐给每个人。
为了吸引更多的校友接受低碳生活，我们将举办讲座介绍新的生活理念，制作广播节目记录我们身边的低碳经历并且举办回收成果展览以鼓励学生利用旧东西。另外，我们将向各寝室发放传单，以建议同学关掉不用的电灯、电器；回收纸、电池和塑料瓶；乘自行车、公交、地铁出行。
所有成员要求参加上述活动。大家可以提出其他关于活动计划的创意和好点子。
10、十大必背范文之十：经济类摘要（教材98页）
Directions: Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)摘要：summary, thesis
经济全球化的主要原因
第一段：20世纪50年代初以来，经济全球化获得迅猛发展。简单归纳，其原因主要包括以下几个方面： 第二段：全球化的技术基础。科技进步为全球化快速发展提供了物质基础和技术手段。科技革命是经济全球化发展的最根本的物质基础和动力，历史上历次科技革命都促进了社会生产力的飞跃发展，同时也促进了整个世界的融合。20世纪50年代以电子技术和信息技术等为主要 标志的新的科技革命的兴起，使科技日益成为社会生产力发展的先导，成为影响生产力发展的至关重要的因素。科技知识在社会生产的各个领域中得到广泛传播和运用，劳动者的智能和技能得到进一步的开发，创造出越来越多的物质和精神财富，极大地促进了世界生产力的发展，生产社会化程度日益提高，国际分工日益深化，各国经济以此为基础紧密相联,世界经济进入一个全新的繁荣时期。同时，新科技革命使得科技成果积累的速度大大加快，新材料、新产品不断涌现，大量高技术产业不断产生，在世界范围内促进了产业结构的调整和转移，新的产业布局开始形成,以信息技术和产业为主导，以高新技术为基础的新兴产业部门也蓬勃兴起并迅速发展，快速取代了传统产业而逐渐成为经济的主导部门推进的重要动力源。
第三段：全球化的经济基础。市场经济体制的强势地位不断增强，跨国公司的突飞发展，国际经济组织的不断完善为经济全球化奠定了坚实的经济基础。
第四段：首先，市场经济体制成为世界各国发展经济的首选。20世纪80 年代末至90年代初，世界形势发生了重大变化，东欧剧变，苏联解体, 40多年的冷战格局最终结束。冷战结束后，国际形势总体上走向缓和。各国纷纷把发展经济列为首要目标，普遍扩大了对外开放，和平与发展成为当今时代的两大主题。前苏联和东欧国家先后走上了向市场经济过渡的轨道，改行自由市场经济，并积极致力于融入西方经济体系。中国在长期的实践中，也逐渐认识到计划经济的不足和弊端，自1978年起开始实行以市场为导向的、全面的经济改革，大力推行对外开放，努力实现同世界经济的接轨，目前已成为世界经济的重要组成部分。这一切都说明，市场经济体制已成为不同制度、不同发展层次国家的共同选择，市场经济已基本实现了全球化，经济全球化是以市场为基础的，没有市场经济就没有生产要素在国际间的自由流动，就谈不上经济全球化。
第五段：其次，力量不断壮大的跨国公司成为经济全球化的中坚力量。跨国公司是以本国作为基地，通过对外直接投资，在世界各地设立分支机构和子公司，从事国际化生产和经营的企业。跨国公司凭借其雄厚的经济实力和灵活的经营战略，以全球为工厂，以它所在的各个国家为车间，在全球范围内充分利用各地的优势组织生产和流通，通过自己广泛的经营活动，实现了商品和资本等生产要素在全球范围内的整合，促进了生产在国家间的水平分工和垂直分工，使之密切联系在一起，从而为经济全球化的发展打下了坚实的微观基础，并成为经济全球化的主要推动力量和主要载体。
第六段：最后，国际经济组织是经济全球化发展的组织保障。二战结束以后，生产力的不断提高，生产力的国际化使得越来越多的商品、资本、劳动进入国际交流.各国的国际分工和相互依赖性不断增强。这种日益增强的经济联系要求突破原有的国家间的障碍，实现全球范围内的更高层次的经济合作，这就要求有超脱于国家之外的国际经济组织发挥重要作用。战后，国际经济日益明显，国际经济协作不断加强。在当今国际经济关系中，世行、世贸组织、国际货币基金组织等世界性经济组织的调节作用越来越大，而且还出现出进一步增强的趋势。世贸组织（WTO）所制定的关于贸易、投资等方面的制度和规则，成为规范全球经济运行，创造自由、公平竞争环境的统一制度和规则，作为世界金融领域的重要国际组织，即国际货币基金组织（IMF）和世界银行(WB)也在国际金融全球化进程中扮演了重要的角色。这些国际经济组织的成立使得国际贸易和国际金融运行有了统一的规则，对成员国的经贸活动和经济行为起着协调和规范作用。这些都为经济全球化的发展起着制度保障作用。（1590字）中文摘要
20世纪50年代初以来，经济全球化获得迅猛发展。简单归纳，其原因主要包括以下几个方面。全球化的技术基础。科技进步为全球化快速发展提供了物质基础和技术手段。全球化的经济基础。首先，市场经济体制成为世界各国发展经济的首选。其次，力量不断壮大的跨国公司成为经济全球化的中坚力量。最后，国际经济组织是经济全球化发展的组织保障。（155字）
Main Reasons of Economic Globalization Since the early 1950s, economic globalization has been developing rapidly.Briefly speaking, its reasons mainly include the following ones.The first reason is the technical foundation of economic globalization.Advancements in science and technology have provided the material basis and the technical means for the rapid development of globalization.The second reason is the economic foundation of globalization.Firstly, the market economy has become the first choice of promoting economy for every country in the world.Secondly, multinationals which are expanding continuously have become the center of economic globalization.Lastly, international economic organizations have been the organic safeguards for the development of economic globalization.(104 words)
大作文
1、十大必背范文之一： 2000年考研真题（教材159页）Directions: A.Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay in at least 150words.B.Your essay must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET2.C.Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1）Describe the pictures.2）Deduce the purpose of the painter of the pictures.3）Suggest counter measures.第一段：As is shown in the pictures, with the rampancy of commercial fishing, the number of fish has dramatically shrunk.In the first picture, we learn that the year 1900 witnessed a quite encouraging scene of world fishing.There were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat.On the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish swimming freely but many fishing-boats sailing in the sea.It is apparent that a disastrous change has occurred.第二段：The purpose of the pictures is to tell us that due attention has to be paid to the reduction of ocean resources.Owing to the over-exploitation of marine resources, the number of fish has declined at an accelerating rate.If we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know where fish will be in the future.By that time, our environment will suffer a great destruction.第三段：Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to reverse this disturbing trend illustrated in the above pictures.For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing.For another, we should cultivate the awareness of people that the ocean resources are of great significance to us.Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources.Also, I believe that we humans can surmount this difficulty, and we will have a brilliant future.如图所示，随着商业捕鱼的泛滥，鱼的数量已经显著下降。在第一幅图中，我们可以看到在1900年，世界捕鱼业是鼓舞人心的，画面上有很多鱼，只有一艘渔船。而在第二幅图中，在1995年，只有一条鱼在游动，但有很多渔船在海上航行。显而易见，灾难性的变化已经发生。
这组画的目的是告诉我们应该对海洋资源的减少给予充分重视。由于海洋资源的过度开发，鱼的数量已经明显下降。如果听任这种情况发展，我们不知道鱼的未来在哪儿。到那时，我们的环境将会遭受巨大的破坏。
因此，我们急需采取严厉措施扭转图画中所示的令人困扰的趋势。一方面，我们应该呼吁各级政府制定严格的法律来控制商业捕鱼。另一方面，我们应该增强人们的意识：海洋资源对我们非常重要。只有这样才能保护我们的海洋资源。同时，我相信我们人类能够克服这个困难，并将拥有美好的未来。
2、十大必背范文之二：2005年真题 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it..图画描述：This picture reveals a not-uncommon phenomenon of how elders are treated by their grown-up children in some of the families in China.When they are too old to take care of themselves, the elders become burdens to be kicked around by their sons and daughters like a football, a pitiful and unjust sight that will arouse indignation among many Chinese.意义阐释：As a nation renowned in the world for many of its virtues, the Chinese people have been practicing filial piety throughout history.Many much-told stories reiterate this time-honored virtue of loving and respecting the elders, like the story of Tiying in the West Han Dynasty who risked her life in order to save her wronged father from corporal punishment.Those who try every means to avoid their duties of looking after their elders should bear in mind that they are much indebted to their parents for their birth and growth.Without the loving care and unrelenting work of their parents, how could they have grown up healthily and successfully? How could it be possible for them to go about without the pricks of conscience? 建议措施：Everyone of us should live up to the virtues passed down to us by our ancestors.Only in this way can we be worthy of the name of a Chinese.(214 words)
这幅图画反映了一些中国家庭中普遍存在的现象——子女成年后如何对待他们的父母。当父母年龄太大，不能照顾自己的时候，他们就成了负担，被自己的子女们像足球一样踢来踢去。这是一种不公正的可鄙现象，引起了很多中国人的愤慨。
作为一个以很多美德闻名于世的民族，中国人民自古以来一直奉行孝道。许多广为传颂的故事反复强调了这种历史悠久的爱老敬老的传统，如西汉时缇萦舍身营救蒙冤的父亲免于肉刑的故事。那些千方百计逃避照顾双亲的责任的子女们应该牢记，他们在出生和成长的过程中亏欠父母太多了。没有父母关怀备至的照料和不懈的工作，他们怎能健康成长并且取得成功？他们怎能虐待父母而不受到良心的谴责？
我们每个人都应该遵守从祖先那里传承下来的美德。只有这样我们才能无愧为中国人。
3、十大必背范文之三：2006年真题 Directions: Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the photos briefly;2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3)give your point of view.图画描述：As is vividly depicted in the photos above, Beckham, the smart British football superstar, is enjoying a striking popularity among the adolescents.In the first picture, Beckham’s name appears on a young man’s face.The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on the face.In the second photograph, another young person is doing Beckham’s chic hairstyle in a barbershop.We are informed that he is spending 300 yuan imitating his idol’s haircut.意义阐释：Undoubtedly, the pictures have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that idol worship is prevalent among the teenagers nowadays.Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans.Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols.Briefly speaking, young people are inclined to idolize the people who excel in appearance, intelligence or talent.建议措施：Hence, idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword which can exert profound influence on the growth of young people.If we simply worship the idols by imitating their hairstyle or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of time and money, endangering the efficiency of our work.On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us.Accordingly, the latter attitude should be adopted to direct our way of life.(255 words)以上的照片生动地显示出来，相貌英俊的英国足球巨星贝克汉姆在年轻人中广受欢迎。在第一张照片中，贝克汉姆的名字出现在一个年轻人的额头上。文字表明：对偶像的崇拜写在了脸上。在第二张照片中，这个年轻人正在理发店中做贝克汉姆的时髦发型。我们得到的信息是他正花300元来模仿偶像的发式。
毫无疑问，照片巧妙地反映了这样一个社会现象：偶像崇拜目前在青年人中非常盛行。贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象，他的英俊外表以及高超的球技正是球迷们热情追捧的。同样，2005年中国举办的“超级女生”大赛中，几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名。围绕着崇拜这些偶像的意义和危害，这个事件激起了全国性的争论。总之，青年人往往容易崇拜那些在外表、才华和特长方面极其出色的人。
在我看来，偶像崇拜这个发人深思的社会现象，其实是把双刃剑，可以深刻影响青年人成长。如果我们只是靠模仿偶像发型或追逐时尚的方式来崇拜他们，这种痴迷将必定浪费我们大量的金钱和时间，影响我们的工作效率。相反，如果我们靠弥补我们和榜样之间的差距来努力提高自己，我们就会过一种积极和收获显著的生活。因此，我们应当采取后面一种态度来指引我们的人生。
4、十大必背范文之四：2007年真题 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly, 2)explain its intended meaning, and then 3)support your view with an example/examples.图画描述：As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on.On guarding the goal, the man on the left seems to be keeping a “huge one” that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the person on the right hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the “huge keeper”.It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them.意义阐释：This picture does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon in China now.The young always give up because the problem is beyond their ability to cope with.Superficially, it seems to be somewhat reasonable, but when weighing in the mind, we find there is an apparent tendency underlying this phenomenon: the lack of confidence.Firstly, it is well-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties.We can do nothing but face them.Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step.Assuming bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as “huge” as you imagine.Take us for example, the entrance exam for graduate students even seems to be a horrible monster before us.Some people give up, some persist.So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert our strength, and then we will overcome all problems.On the whole, I believe we young people should face the difficulties in right manner.And nothing is impossible, just do it.(243 words)如图所示，一场足球赛正在进行。左边的人似乎在守一个对于射门轻而易举、不可避免的“大门”，而右边的人由于拥有关于“巨大守门员”的幻觉，踢球很犹豫。显而易见，他们两个人都夸大了面前的困难。
这幅图画确实反映了一个目前在中国很普遍同时发人深思的社会现象。由于问题超出他们应对的能力，年轻人总是放弃。表面上看，这幅图画似乎有一些道理，但当我们仔细思考时，我们就会发现在这个现象之下有一个明显的趋势：缺乏自信。首先，众所周知，我们生活在一个充满各种困难的多元化世界。我们别无选择，只能面对。其次，态度是采取第一步的关键。拥有勇气和信心来解决问题，你就会发现问题并非你想象的那么“严重”。以我们自己为例，研究生入学考试似乎是我们面前的一个可怕的怪物。有些人放弃了，而有些人则坚持了下来。因此，拥有信心和对困难的正确估计，并且竭尽全力，我们就将解决所有的问题。总而言之，我认为我们年轻人应该以正确的方式面对困难。世上无难事，只怕有心人。
5、十大必背范文之五：2008年考研真题 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly, 2)explain its intended meaning, and then 3)give your comments.图画描述：As is vividly depicted in the picture, two disabled men are running fast through teamwork although each of them has only one leg.Obviously, it is teamwork that makes it possible for them to go anywhere they want to.意义阐释：Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-provoking.With the development of economy and society, competition is increasingly fierce.It is impossible for anyone to finish a work all by himself.Hence, people in mounting numbers put great emphasis on teamwork.In fact, it has been universally acknowledged that the ability of teamwork is the most essential qualification that anyone who wants to achieve success should possess.归纳结论：Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take some measures to enhance the sense of teamwork in our society.We should bear in mind that teamwork is of great significance to both our society and ourselves.Every one should have the ability of teamwork.Only in this way can we achieve success and only in this way can our society become more harmonious to live in.(176 words)如图画中生动所示，尽管每人只有一条腿，但是两个残疾人通过团队合作正在快速奔跑。显而易见，正是合作才使得他们走南闯北成为可能。
尽管这幅图画很简单，但它向我们表达了发人深省的含义。随着经济和社会的发展，竞争日渐激烈。任何人都无法完全独立完成一份工作。因此，越来越多的人开始重视团队合作。事实上，人们公认合作的能力是想要获得成功的人都应该具备的最重要的素质。
因此，我们迫切需要采取措施来提高人们的合作意识。我们应该牢记合作对于社会和自身都非常重要。每个人都应拥有合作的能力。只有这样我们才能获得成功，而且只有这样社会才能变得更加和谐。
6、十大必背范文之六：2009年真题 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then
3)give your comments.图画描述：As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon, a large number of people are surfing on line within a stretching spider web, either to entertain themselves or to meet the work's needs.Unfortunately, it seems rather ironic to present people separated from each other by the spider web when they attempt to communicate.Undoubtedly, the spider web serves as a symbol of Internet, both connecting people and isolating them from each other.意义阐释：The metaphorical and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet.On the one hand, there is no denying that Internet is currently one of the most efficient media used for interpersonal communication.As a college student, I get on line every day to discuss news with other people on BBS, to study English by registering for web courses, to chat freely through MSN Messenger with my friends.But on the other hand, a good many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain face-to-face contact with their friends and colleagues.Once indulged in the fictitious world, people feel reluctant to approach others and to concentrate on real life.That's why some people have lost the skill of direct contact and get alienated from others.归纳结论：Hence, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence.After all, Internet is invented to connect you and me, and to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people beyond reach.(249 words)这幅漫画象征性地阐释了无论是为了自我娱乐还是适应工作的需求，很多人在一个拉伸的蜘蛛网之内网上冲浪。然而，看来相当讽刺的地方是，这幅图呈现了他们在试图互相交流的同时，却被蜘蛛网彼此隔开。毫无疑问，这个蜘蛛网作为互联网的一种象征，既连接了人们，又使他们彼此隔离。
这幅比喻并使人印象深刻的图画象征性揭示了人与互联网之间的双重关系。一方面，不可否认网络目前是用于人际交流的最高效媒介之一。作为一名大学生，我每天上网与他人在BBS上讨论新闻，通过注册网络课程来学习英语，借助MSN和我的朋友们免费聊天。但另一方面，很多人承认他们太沉迷于网络而不愿与朋友和同事保持面对面接触。一旦沉迷于这种虚幻世界，人们不愿接近他人并关注现实生活。这就是一些人丧失了直接沟通技能并与他人疏远的原因。
因此，我们很有必要以一种合理的方式使用互联网，避免过度沉迷。毕竟，人们发明互联网是为了连接你和我，为我们的生活带来方便，而非设置障碍使人彼此疏远。
7、十大必背范文之七：2010年真题（教材176页）Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then
3)give your comments.文化“火锅”，既美味又营养
毕昇、老舍、莎士比亚、爱因斯坦、儒、佛、道、仁、礼、启蒙、人本、后现代、解构、京剧、功夫、梁祝、天鹅湖
图画描述： As is symbolically illustrated in the portrayal, there is a boiling hot pot containing various ingredients of multi-cultures.These pluralistic cultures can be categorized as celebrities home and abroad as Bi Sheng, Lao She, Shakespeare and Einstein, philosophical concepts as Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, benevolence, ritual, humanism, enlightenment, post-modernism and deconstruction, as well as performing arts as Peking Opera, kung-fu and Swan Lake.We are informed that the cultural “hot pot” is both delicious and nutritious.意义阐释： The purpose of the cartoonist is to show us that instead of being outdated and of little value in a rapidly modernizing world, cultural blending should be encouraged and maintained.On the one hand, mosaic cultures are part of the universal heritage of humanity and they are powerful means of bringing together diverse peoples and social groups.Consequently, cultural integration has become indispensable as a means of promoting further culture development and maintenance.On the other hand, for China and many other rapidly developing countries, there is a danger that age-old customs and traditions may become lost in the shadows of modernization.If kung-fu, Peking Opera or Swan Lake Ballet ever perished from the earth, it would be a tragedy of immeasurable proportions.归纳结论： In my view, multi-cultures can be kept alive by the people with the time to do so, and is extremely vital in ensuring a community’s future development and prosperity.As a consequence of successful commercialization efforts, unwavering government support and growing interest overseas, the future of cultural blending looks brighter and more secure than ever before.(254 words)如图象征性所示，一只沸腾的火锅中拥有诸多多元文化元素。这些多元文化可分为毕昇、老舍、莎士比亚、爱因斯坦等国内外名人，佛、道、儒、仁、礼、启蒙、人本、后现代、解构等哲学概念，以及京剧、功夫、《天鹅湖》等表演艺术。文字说明显示：“文化‘火锅’，既美味又营养。”
画家的目的是告诉我们，在迅速现代化的世界里，文化融合并未过时或失去价值，相反还应受到鼓励和保护。一方面，多元文化作为全体人类遗产的一部分，是将不同人群和社会群体融合的有力方式。因此，文化融合作为促进文化发展和保护的一种方式，已经不可或缺。另一方面，对于中国
和其他快速发展的国家来说，古老的习俗和传统面临着在现代化阴影里消失的危险。如果京剧、功夫或《天鹅湖》从地球上消失，那将是不可估量的损失。
在我看来，如果人们能为多元文化花费时间的话，那么它就能够长存。这对确保将来社会的繁荣和发展至关重要。由于成功的商业化努力、政府坚定不移的支持和不断增长的海外兴趣，多元文化的将来会比过去任何时候都明朗、安全。
8、十大必背范文之八：2011年真题（教材180页）Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then
3)give your comments.旅程之“余”
图画描述：As is subtly portrayed in the cartoon, two tourists are taking sightseeing on a small boat while discarding their picnic leftovers casually into a lake.Unfortunately, the lake is already littered and teamed with flow rubbish like plastic containers, fish-bones, banana peel, watermelon rind, bottles, tins, food wrappings, and so on.And below the drawing, there is a topic which says: “after” the travel or “me” in the travel.意义阐释：From the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message: a good many scenic spots are flooded with visitors, who spoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash.On the one hand, tourism, as a multibillion-dollar business, is booming everywhere.Some people, laboring under the belief that tourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore its negative effects on the environment.Nevertheless, these are not concerns that we can shrug off lightly.On the other hand, tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used.建议措施：Undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned in any country as it does help to shore up the economy in places which have few sources of income.The significant point is that the unchecked growth of the travel business may render the development of an economy unsustainable.It is high time that we enhanced people's awareness to rectify this by taking the environmental protection into consideration.如图所示，两名游客正在一艘小船上观光，同时把野餐的剩余垃圾随意丢入湖中。不幸的是，湖中已经堆满了漂浮的塑料盒、鱼骨、香蕉皮、西瓜皮、瓶子、罐头、食品包装等各色垃圾。在图画下方，有个小标题写明：旅程之 “余”。
从漫画中，我们可以得出结论，画家想要表达这样一种信息：成群的游客涌入众多景点，制造并丢弃了大量的垃圾，影响了自然之美。一方面，旅游业作为一项产值数十亿美元的产业，正在世界各地迅猛发展。有些人认为旅游业是经济发展的引擎，似乎忽视了其对环境的负面影响。然而，我们必须充分关注这一问题。另一方面，旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了巨大的压力：水受到污染，生态平衡遭到破坏，自然资源被过度开发。
毫无疑问，由于对那些几乎没有其他收入来源的地区而言，旅游业确实有助于发展经济，因此任何国家都无法禁止旅游业。但重要的是，旅游业毫无节制的发展可能使得经济发展不可持续。是时候加强人们的意识，通过多加考虑环境保护因素，来改变这一现状了。
9、十大必背范文之九：2012年真题（教材184页）Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should 1)describe the drawing briefly.2)explain its intended meaning, and 3)give you comments.图画描述：As is symbolically demonstrated in the cartoon, two individuals respond to the same event in completely diverse ways.The person on the left airs his dissatisfaction and disappointment when a bottle is overturned, while the man on the right is hurry to raise it up, with a sweet smile on his face.We are informed that various folks take different attitudes toward the same scene.意义阐释：The aim of the portrayal is to illustrate that keeping optimistic is of utmost significance to both our society and our life.In the first place, optimism brings us creative power into play, arouses our enthusiasm for work and helps us overcome difficulties.In other words, with pessimism, achievements can hardly be made.In the second place, keeping optimistic gives us light when we are in dark and encouragement when we are dismayed.It is optimism, rather than genius and extraordinary abilities, that inspires us to finish the arduous task.With optimism, the goal we set can be reached, and the hard nut can be cracked.归纳结论：In conclusion, being optimistic enables people to behave wisely, kindly and confidently, and it is also crucial for any individual’s, in terms of both character and competence.如图所示，两个人对同一件事情的反应截然相反。瓶子倒后，左边的人表达了不满和失望，然而右边的人却面带微笑，急着把它扶起来。我们由此得知，不同的人对同一事物态度不同。
这幅漫画的目的是阐明保持乐观对于我们的生活至关重要。首先，乐观能使我们发挥创造力，点燃我们对工作的激情，并帮助我们克服困难。换言之，悲观时，我们很难取得任何成绩。其次，在我们身处黑暗，乐观能给我们带来光明；当我们灰心沮丧，乐观能给予我们鼓励。是乐观而不是天才或卓越的才能，在激励我们完成艰巨的任务。拥有乐观，我们才能实现设定的目标，克服难题。
总之，乐观能使人行事睿智、仁慈、自信，它也是个人性格和能力培养中不可缺少的部分。
三、图表作文：
十大必背范文之十：2006 MBA真题（教材198页）Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following diagram.Describe the diagram and analyze the possible causes.You should write at least 150 words.1998-2004年全国工程硕士招生录取人数
（工程硕士：Master of Engineering）招生 recruitment 录取 enrollment
图表描述：The diagram above clearly illustrates that dramatic elevation has occurred in the recruitment of Master of Engineering(ME)in the past seven years.According to the statistics given above, we may conclude that the recruitment of ME was on a steady rise from 1998 to 2004.In 1998, the number was at a low level, only about 2,500.Surprisingly, it reached to more than 35,000 in 2004 within no more than seven years.原因列举：Some driving factors that contribute to the above-mentioned changes may be summarized as follows.First and foremost, China has become particularly active in manufacturing, which leads to the increasing demand of qualified engineers.In addition, the development of job market on the whole cannot keep pace with the expansion of college graduates, which obliges a large number of students to stay on campus for another three years to get better prepared for their career.Last but not least, working pressure is another reason.Taking all these factors into account, we may predict that with speedy development of our society, the number of recruitment of ME will keep growing in the forthcoming decade.建议措施：On the other side of the coin, however, this tendency may bring about a good many problems, such as the waste of talent.It is necessary for us to take effective measures to ensure this situation doesn’t get out of hand, and encourage students to choose majors in which theoretical knowledge and practical skills will be demanded in the job market.(246 words)上述图表清楚揭示了过去七年工程硕招生录取人数急剧增长。根据上面给出的数据，我们可以得出结论：从1998到2004年，工程硕士招生录取人数稳步增长。在1998年，招生人数较少，只有大约2500人。令人惊讶的是，到2004年招生人数在不到七年的时间里达到3.5万人以上。
促成上述变化的一些主要原因可以概括如下。首先，中国在制造业方面已经变得异常活跃，这使得对高素质工程师的需求增长。此外，就业市场的总体发展无法跟上大学毕业生人数的增加，这促使很多学生在校园里再呆三年时间，为就业做更好的准备。最后，工作压力是另外一个原因。考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以预计：随着社会的迅速发展，工程硕士的招生人数在未来十年将会继续增加。
第五篇：考研英语写作
高分范文展示：
The global economy, who is sleeping over that stretcher, like a helpless-sick wreck, is being practiced emergency treatment by worldwidebanking systems, which are trying their best to save the market intensively by cooperation.Conspicuously, that’s a horrible depiction related to/concerning the the world.the top of the list which should never be overlooked.First of all, , as the case of would make its comeback every 10-30 years on the average, so would this time.Furthermore, the overestimation of economic prosperityhas resulted in a great multitude of foams/bubbles in the securities and the realties.gues, who made use of installment policy to speculate in real estate industry, thus, only spending 30% of totally-needed funds in possessing 3 apartments, with the aggregate price over RMB 2 million.Actually, it is not the Day of Judgment.What we are glad to see is the keyword – “cooperation”and we will surely get through this tough period before long.好句写法：把句子拉长→加修饰：
(1)n.+ who/which/that… 加从句
e.g.Many peopletakeseriously the lifestyle of chasing for luxuries.那些把一个人拥有财产的数量当作评判其社会地位的唯一标准的人们，会很重视追逐奢侈品的生活方式。
(2)n./句子结尾 + v.-ed(en)(被动)/ v.-ing(主动)加分词（定语后置）
e.g.youngsters, ranging from/who range from 20 to 30 years old ranging fromwith研究发现，和十年前的5%相比，现在有近24%的年轻白领表示不清楚自己想要什么。
(3)n.+ with + n.(修饰语)加限定词
e.g.A pretty girl → a girl with an angel-like face and a fairy-like figure
e.g.Nowadays, a lot of riches like buying luxurious autos to show/display their success and existence.当今，很多有钱人喜欢通过买豪车来显示自己的成功和存在。
→These days, withdefined as the typical marks of 句型模仿：
07 阅读text3最后一段：
From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholescale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.* Looks far less like… a good deal more like… 看起来不像是……而更像是……
模仿→05大作文：养老足球赛
From our conscientious and clear-minded perspective, much of this behavior, undoubtedly, looks far less like like a 依据我们的良知，毫无疑问，大多数这种行为并不能提供合理分配赡养老人义务的机会，相反，它更像是一种加剧中华传统美德“尊老爱幼”走向大规模衰败的危险行为
大作文——开头what、中间why/effect、结尾how
What——虚开头（首段首句）
(1)坊间流传多年的所谓经典套话
As can be seen in the picture given above…
→ Asgiven above…
e.g.悲观乐观 man, passion-sufficient and energy-continuous, is climbing upon a ladder to reach to his shining blue print.(2)直接描述
e.g.12002年作文：美国女孩穿着中国传统服饰
There is a beautiful American girl, who is standing over there in a Chinese traditional costume, smiling just like a flower.a Chinese traditional costume.e.g.2 2010年作文：文化“火锅”，既美味又营养
those dishes and cooking ingredients in a Chinese traditional hot-pot, including e.g.2012年作文：悲观乐观 What——[描述+宽泛、宏观的点评]（首段第二句）
It is aa significant information that 主题has been in the spotlight in current society主题 has aroused wide concern at any corner of our social consensus.e.g.家庭成员关系 * 首段第二句和第二段首句应该有一定层次感，首段第二句提出一个观点/现象，第二段首句再将其具体化/细节化，直击中心。
Why/Effect——实开头：（主题句）+ 原因/影响（内部：自身 / 外部：社会、媒体）+ 例子
(1)主题句：
Among the topic concerning主题（抽象）, as the depiction/picture shows, the most cardinal tip is related to the issue of主旨中心思想（具体）.e.g.家庭关系
Among the topic concerning the depiction shows, the most e.g.出国留学人数/考研人数/公务员人数(2)引出原因
Several factors could weigh heavily for the happening of ____, yet, suspended at the top of the list are the following two aspects.To begin with, _____.Additionally, _____.e.g.中国传统文化/美德的缺失(3)引出影响
It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the revolutionary influences(that)the 现象 gives rise
to.To begin with, … Apart from… ,* 表示导致的短语：Contribute to Result in/trigger/induce/spell/invite
* 表示原因：inducement/incentive
e.g.人人考公务员 result in.To begin with, … Apart from … , * Apart from用法：Apart from(mentioned above), …(new information)= Besides, … , Google could owe its success to the brilliance of its founders, Sergey Brin and Larry Page.* 表示归因于：owe/ascribe/attribute… to …
(4)举例子
A good case blowing my mind now is 人/物, who/which …
e.g.慈善/真正的成功
A good case blowing my mind now is a world well-known man, whose name is Bill Gates, industry after his retirement.* 例子不能单独提出，例子前面要有一个论点，或者在例子后面要有一个点评和结论，这样才是一个完整的举例（名人名言也同理）。
How——提出建议（Suggestion）：规则、思想、行为
(1)制定规则：
Lay down/Establish the effective/reliable/available/practical regulations to …呼应主题.（敬老）（保护环境）（留学）
(2)改变思想：
Deliver the moderate 主题词 outlook to guide us both physically and mentally.e.g.Deliver the moderate outlook to guide us both physically and mentally.成功观/生活观/物质观/世界观/知识观/能源观
(3)规范行为：
Exert/Implement/Practice the rational 主题词 manners to live in a much more harmonious/compatible atmosphere/circumstance.circumstance.(4)补充说明方法：名人名言（适用于最后一段提完建议之后）
万能套话：
As a classic saying goes,千里之行，始于足下
应用：提完建议之后
Yet, it is very probable to say without any exaggerationthat depending on the lack of 主题词, many citizens/youths would have immersed in such an extreme condition for a long time.Does it have opportunities for us to make achange ? / Is it possible to make a change? Actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.We will surely handle/optimize/refrain from … as long as the above mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.e.g.养老 Actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.We will surely refrain from as long as the above mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.e.g.奢侈浪费
Yet, it is very probable to say without any exaggeration that depending on the lack time.Does it have opportunities for us to make a change? Actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.We will surely mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.特别讲解：主体段落的展开（第二段）
(1)单向话题：要么褒，要么贬
原因展开：
The factors contributing to… are vastly complex.Some attribute it to ….Others place the blame on / Others place the high value on ….Still the rest complain of/ attach importance to …
e.g.为什么很多年轻人最终会抽烟
The factors contributing to a big rise in are vastly complex.Some attribute it to(2)双向话题
e.g.中国传统风俗习惯的改变是好还是坏
According to my humble perspective, every sword is double-edged.is both positive and negative.To begin with, it goes without denying that the new-changed customs and habits have distinct advantages.On one hand, they On the other hand, they eliminate “culture gap” to Although / Whilebidding farewell to the bygones enjoys considerable merits, it still have their own drawbacks when the following point is taken into account.A good case coming to my mind now isof the Chinese virtues – raising seniors.After all, * 举例子的时候，要实现从手段到效果的跨越（我们要怎么做来达到什么效果）
小作文——Simplified（简明扼要）字数：100-120
* 大作文的套话和模板不能用在小作文中！
* 小作文写作时必须覆盖每个题目要求的要点
(1)Letter——邮件、信件：生活化/接地气
a)邀请信
学术邀请（充满敬意）：
开头：正式邀请（含参会时间和主题）
主体：介绍会议安排
结尾：希望得到正式回复，并确认
Dear Professor ___,It is my great honor to extend you our sincere invitation of an academic forum held on 具体时间 in/at 地点,which focuses on the topic of主题
The forum mentioned above will be arranged as followings.Firstly at 8 a.m.will start the 主题involves.Afterwards, there will be another arrangement, including ___.Then at around 时间, 另一个安排.I really hope you can make it.If it is possible, I would like to ask you for sending me your bank
account, and I’ll pay you 40 percent of the total lecture fees as the deposit.最后期限.落款
范文：
Dear Professor Liu,It is my great honor to extend you my sincere invitation of an academic forum held on Jan.1 in The Nation’s Theatre, which focuses on the topic of Chinese traditional culture.The forum mentioned above will be arranged as followings.Firstly at 8 a.m.will start the opening of the forum, which involves a brief presentation with regard to the prospects as well as plights thatthe promotion of Chinese culture may encounter.Afterwards, there will be another arrangement concerning a micro-movie of the cultural relic exhibition, which will last 15 minutes.Then at 9 to 11 o’clock, you would be highly expected to present us a lecture named “World Needs China”.I really hope you can make it.If it is possible, I would like to ask you for sending me your bank account, and I’ll pay you 40 percent of the total lecture fees as the deposit.Reply, if you please before next weekend.Li Ming,The Supervisor of XXX
b)申请信
学校组织社团评优，要写申请。你是学校创新社（Innovation Agency）的负责人，请你代表你们社参与评优，写一封申请信。
范文：
Dear Sir or Madame,Innovation Agency – “Most Improved Organization Award”.private tools’ rebuilding the living.building to make it accessible/easy to wheelchairs..Yours faithfully,Li Ming
c)回复投诉信（对别人投诉的回复和安抚）：承担责任，尝试挽回
有人投诉你负责的勤工助学中心某学生表现糟糕，部分原文：
I will not use your temporary staff any more for their disastrous performance.范文：
Dear Sir,temporary administration assistant you received from my organization,.We really care about our clients and that is why we will try to give some explanation about what happened.candidate training.work for you.Yours faithfully,Li Mingd)销售信（空格处填入产品名）
Last year, we achieved a 215% increase in the sales of our ______.We believe that this happy state of affairs be attributed to two causes.First, we managed to avoid passing on any part of our increased manufacturing costs to our majestic clients.Second, we believe our designs and colors are the most attractive that we have ever produced.And so we are happy to be able to tell you that our new season’s ____ are, if anything, more persuasive than last year’s and our prices will compare very favorably with those of any of our competitors.We believe that your will agree that our samples prove the truth of our claims.We look forward for you to favor us an order.e)现场笔录证明
You’ve come across a serious crash last night when a taxi heavily knocked down a passerby.Now the police asked you to offer a certificate of witness involving following points:
1.The time and place
2.The process of this emergency
Witness on a Crash
It was 时间 in a 星期 night, 日期, when I was about to enjoy my late snack a first aid to the young and phoned ambulance at once.Signature:Li Ming
(2)Notice——通知、告示
a)失物招领（Lost and Found）：信息要有所保留，不能全部透露
Case: You’ve picked up an ED（电子辞典）
1.Time and place
2.The feature of this electronic dictionary（留一个最大特征来核实对方身份）
3.Your information for contact
Lost and Found
On the evening of 日期regular magazine.of this ED the phone number Sincerely yours,Li Ming
点击咨询 