中国农业科学院考博英语真题2007答案解析

第一篇：中国农业科学院考博英语真题2007答案解析

中国农业科学院考博英语真题2007答案解析

Part ⅠVocabulary Section A 1.C 译文：经过数百年的自我实施专制后，中国已经在国际事务上占有一席之地，并进入了现代历史的浪潮。

解析：cooperation合作；monopoly垄断；dictatorship专政，专制；seclusion隐居。2.C 译文：满族人已经和保证双方地位的贵族阶层形成了联盟。贵族人与普通平民区分开来，并且他们被给予政府部门中的专有职位特权。

解析：inclusive包含的；special 专用的，专门的；exclusive独有的，专有的；especial特别的，尤其的。

3.C 译文：理论科学是在物质环境中产生的，而应用则是思想的强力驱动力。照这样看，他便是一位伟大的思想传播者。

解析：encouragement 鼓舞；spur鼓舞，刺激；drive驱动，常用表达 a drive to sth；driving force驱动力，推动力，常用表达driving force for sth。

4.C 译文：他们用来建立维护追随者的方法与完成这样的活动的展望也成为了现今中国政治行为的重要来源。

解析：precedents 引用单元；pioneer 先锋；source来源；resource资源。

5.B 译文：在他身上，有一个交汇点，一个斗争的典型代表，因而他是一个真正的历史人物。

解析：representation表现；representative代表，典型；symbol象征，标志；sign符合，记号。

6.B 译文：社会稳定源于各种力量的微妙平衡。在这种连续的平衡中，可变因素已经得到了暂时的平衡。改变一个因素便会发生一系列改变和调整。

解析：saturation饱和；continuum连续体；continuation继续；melting point熔点。a continuum of 连续的。

7.B 译文：成功人士如何处理一种新文化取决于很多因素，如一个人的原始教育和即将修正的具体行为

解析：固定搭配，be contingent on 取决于，依赖于。此外句子的主句是一个从句，即主语从句，所以谓语动词用单数。

8.D 译文：因为中国的社会传统强调个人与他的出生地和家庭的连接，所以那些公职人员对于将他们与他们的祖籍联系在一起感到很懊丧。

解析：glue胶；feeling感觉；separation分离；attachment连接，联系，attach to 连接到。

9.A 译文：熟悉西方武器，欧洲官员的帮助以及蒸汽船的使用使得他的军队胜过当时的包括政府军队在内的其他军队。

解析：介词固定搭配，be superior to优于，胜过。

10.B 译文：地方上，通过风俗、礼仪、教育和组成社会行为的各种活动形式所呈现出的传统支持稳定，阻止变化的趋势。

解析：spell out 讲清楚；manifest呈现，显示；given 给予的；explain解释。

11.B 译文：通过对他成名阶段的调查，发现他用来加强自身实力的方法和为了维护其权利的体制改革帮助我们解释了官僚主义占主导的社会中的权利因素和权利力量。

解析：think of 想起；account for 解释，说明；consider考虑；weigh权衡。

12.A 译文：政府的失控源自于整个官僚机器的日渐无能，这正如一起的朝代循环一样。这样的能力下滑归因于腐败，腐败在中国经常被提及。

解析：be ascribed to归因于；result from由于，起因于result in 导致；cause引起。根据空处的意思，此处为被动，只有A在这里可以用被动。

13.B 译文：不停地争论策略问题后，李终于因为拒绝为茨奥设计他不以为然的纪念物而耗尽了茨奥的耐心。

解析： 固定搭配，take exception to不以为然，反对。

14.A 译文：他对这座城市感到厌恶因为这城市受外国人影响太严重了。而他眼中的外国人是堕落而又不讲道德的。

解析：unscrupulous寡廉鲜耻，不讲道德的； in principle 大体上，原则上；out of principle 背离原则。

15.B 译文：常胜军队附属于组织欠妥、训练不足、纪律不严的政府地方部队。

解析：固定搭配，adjunct to 附属于，部下。

Section B 16.D 译文：美国专业学者和教授人问批判思维独立思维是一种很有价值的技能，他们通常会因现在的学生缺乏这种能力而伤感遗憾。

解析：题目中的lament表达的是“遗憾”的意思，所以D“ regret strongly 深表遗憾”与题目意思相符。

17.D 译文：现在需要的不是同新加坡与马老西亚对亚洲价值争论的版本一致的某种令人不快的民族主义拍胸脯，现在需要的是一个解释来说明相同背景的文化价值既产生了发电机也产生了骰子。

解析：sober冷静的；rhetoric花言巧语的；banal陈腐的； D very unpleasant 正是表达了题目中“不愉快的”的意思。

18.C 译文： 非难指挥官的后果由他的弟弟承担了。诽谤年轻的州长在向君王报告他的继承人的死讯时犯错了的谣言一出现时，南京战场的硝烟便难以消散了。

解析：根据题目中的“voices arose”可知这个声音就是指的后面的内容，malign本意指的是“诽谤某人”，而在此处，题中的意思是“所出现的关于州长的谣言”。所以答案为C“传播谣言”。

19.B 译文：虽然中央集权的武装力量是他们连续执政的保障，但是军队只是管理机构的一部分，并且它易于腐败堕落。

解析：根据题意，只有“ prone to 易于，倾向于”符合。A中“more likely to be corruption”才是正确的。

20.B 译文：把全部力量放在南京在最早的可能时间里攻陷南京还是实现把力量用于解放上海的需要，这让他很困扰。

解析：irritated生气的；beset困扰的，表示某人因某事而困扰，符合题意；torn撕裂的；tortured折磨的。

21.D 译文：当中国传统历史的体制问题与在西方影响下引入的新元素相融合时，由于处于帝国时期的末期，李的职业历史便走向了一条特殊的道路。

解析：merged with 与„融合，结合。

22.D 译文：在新的授权下通过王朝政权的新中央集权解决孔子思想的知识危机之前，西方冲击所引起的孔子思想的知识危机破坏了社会秩序本身，这就让社会秩序更容易受到政治体制瓦解的攻击。

解析：functional功能的；malpractice 玩忽职守；integration集成，综合；disintegration瓦解，崩溃。

23.B 译文：政府所要求的质量带有实在、道德伦理的本质，孔子传统对于维持稳定、认可帝国统治是必不可少的，这便是保持孔子传统的目的。

解析： useful有用的；essential 必不可少的；instrumental有帮助的；vital 极其重要的。虽然四个词放在题目中均读的通，但根据题意，我们选择最合适的，即B。

24.C 译文：学术准备的过程很艰难，它要求系统地通过一系列考试。考试中的成功决定了学位的授予，这在中国被认为是最可靠的财富和权利的来源。

解析：bestowal赠与；giving 给予；conferring文凭、学位的授予；offering提供。25.B 译文：他们帮助官员组织项目，负责项目的维护，处理组织、指导和广大劳动者的生计所涉及到的无数的细节。

解析：staff 职员；sustenance生计；ingredient原料，要素；component成分，组件。26.C 译文：他完善了后来成为了李的武装力量的模板的理论、哲学和模式。

解析：furnish提供；decorate 修饰；polish 使完美，完善；meditate冥想。27.A 译文：当他通过合并当地力量来建立军队时。

解析：incorporate合并，吸收。“incorporate”这个动作是直接由句子的主语“he”来执行的，所以介词by后面直接跟动词的进行时。

28.D 译文：这样的情况符合有意教化的大部分模式。他强调把真诚和忠实作为主要的美德，并试图抚平李性格中的不公正的部分。

解析：smooth光滑的；rough艰苦的，粗糙的；even平坦的； uneven不平衡的，不公正的，不正直的。

29.C 译文：宜人的气候，进入丝绸茶叶的主产地的便利以及邻近国内主要的商业圈，让上海比中国其他地区更能引起外国的注意。

解析：proximity to 邻近某段。

30.B 译文：由于汇票、还盘以及各方面的压力的攀升，他要去哪里的问题又涌现出来了。

解析：固定搭配，come to the fore 出现。题中的句子只是只是一个普通的过去陈述句，所以选B。

Part Ⅱ Cloze Test 31.答案A

解析：固定词组，commercial boom商业繁荣。32.答案B 解析：四个选项中的词都有“过多，额外”的意思，又根据“production capacity生产能力”，可知此空表示的应该是“生产力过剩”，即“surplus production capacity”，所以答案为B。33.答案C 解析：前面提到生产力过剩将会消失，后面又提到增长率的下降，所以我们可知该空表达的是“劳动力区域短缺”，即“shrinking labor force”，因为生产力不足结合劳动力不足，就会导致增产率的下降，甚至招来金融危机。34.答案A 解析：该空前面一句的意思是“国民债务已经达到了GDP的160%”。所以该空的意思是“大量的劳动力的即将退休将会加剧这个问题”，四个选项中表示“加剧，恶化”的是A。D虽然也有此意，但形式不对，应该用动词ing的形式。35.答案A 解析：如果要解决前面的问题，就必须增收赋税。四个选项中hike, go up表示“提高”，但是“go up”是不及物动词，只能表示“tax goes up”，所以答案为A。36.答案B 解析：warning signal 警告信号，warning sign通常表示警告牌，警告标志。37.答案C 解析：固定搭配，involvement in the economy经济干预，经济参与。38.答案D 解析：固定词组，real estate房地产。39.答案C 解析：固定搭配，hostile merger and acquisition恶意并购，恶意收购。该句子的意思是“阻止恶意兼并”。40.答案B 解析：前面提到了日本对外商采取的措施：阻止外商通过参与日本经济从中获利；增加外商在日本房地产业的税收；阻止恶意并购。这些措施都会阻止外商在日本的直接投资，所以表示“阻止”的是“B discourage”。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Passage one 41.答案 A 解析：根据第四段“commission”一词的后面一句“said in an interview that his group is examining the policy debate on global warming.他的团体正在研究全球变暖的政治辩论”。可知四个选项中只有A的意思符合。42.答案 A 解析：根据“A Washington-based think tank has been soliciting critiques”可知“accuse the group of seeking to distort the latest evidence for global warming”中的“the group”指的是前面的“华盛顿智囊团”。所以答案为A。43.答案D 解析：根据第二段“Advocacy groups such as Greenpeace and the Public Interest Research Group”可知答案为D。44.答案 D 解析：根据第三段“Greenpeace spokeswoman Jane Kochersperger”可知答案为D。45.答案 B 解析：第六段“both of whom have questioned the need for caps on emissions of carbon dioxide and other gasses linked to global warming 二者皆怀疑限制二氧化碳和其它与全球变暖有关的气体的释放的需要”根据此意可知Kenneth Green认为没有必要限制这些气体的释放，所以答案为B。46.答案C 解析：从文章的第一段我们便可知道文章的主题，第一段讲到华盛顿的一群智囊团质疑新近发布的有关全球变暖的证据报告，这导致了一些学术家和环境主义者对此的反驳和与智囊团的争辩。所以文章就是围绕有关全球变暖的争论开始的。

Passage two 47.答案 B 解析：“Their roots fix the soil in place, preventing it from being carried off with the fierce Sahelian winds and preserving arable land.”这句话的意思是：树的根可以防止水土流失，阻止土壤被.萨赫勒地区的狂风刮走以及保护耕地。“arable”在这句的意思是“可耕种的”，所以四个选项中符合此意的是B。48.答案 D 解析：第一段“Severe drought in the 1970s and ’80s, coupled with a population explosion and destructive farming and livestock practices, was denuding vast swaths of land.”这句话提到了大面积的土地被剥夺的原因是“Severe drought in the 1970s and ’80s, coupled with a population explosion and destructive farming and livestock practices,”，并未提到D的内容。49.答案 D 解析：根据第二段“how relatively small changes in human behavior can transform the regional ecology, restoring its biodiversity and productivity.”可知答案为D。50.答案D 解析：根据第五段“in recent years the government has recognized the benefits of that outlook by allowing individuals to own trees”可知答案为D。51.答案 D 解析：根据倒数第四段“The farmers can sell the branches for money.They can feed the pods as fodder to their animals.They can sell or eat the leaves.They can sell and eat the fruits.”可知树对农民的好处不包括D的内容。52.答案D 解析：根据倒数第三段“They also have extraordinary ecological benefits.Their roots fix the soil in place, preventing it from being carried off with the fierce Sahelian winds and preserving arable land”可知答案为D。

Passage three 53.答案 D 解析：文章开头就提到了文章是辩论赛的决赛，那么辩论赛的现场应该是兴奋而又喧闹的，所以boisterous指的应该是“喧闹的”，四个备选项中表示“喧闹的”意思的是D“noisy”。54.答案 C 解析：文章第一段“the world turning their backs on injustice, losing sight of “our humanitarian obligation.The world is ”bickering over the terminology that is used to describe what Darfur is facing,”这是Cecile对整个世界的控诉，不是对美国的控诉。第二段的内容才是对美国的控诉，即“It all comes down to “people neglecting people.”所以答案为C。55.答案 A 解析：根据第四段“Emoni draws parallels between the Holocaust and current events in Africa by citing a lack of guidance, understanding and compassion.”，可知答案为A。56.答案B 解析：根据第六段“The situation in Darfur has primarily been ignored because the world lacks a powerful leader to get that message out”这句话中“get that message out”的意思是“将这个信息曝光，让人们知道”，等同于“bring sth to light”所以答案为B。57.答案 A 解析：根据第七段“I think if people learn about it and they hear about it...if they understood it, then we can make a difference,” Emoni said, getting to the heart of her argument.”可知答案为A。58.答C 解析：根据倒数第二段“He can feel happy that his work, like, what he left behind, is still going on as if he was here today”，可知答案为C。

Passage four 59.答案 D 解析：最后一段讲到：人们以前认为吃非季节性水果或蔬菜很奢侈，然而现在这些非季节性产品已经适应了供应的需求，因为人们使用农药大量的生产非季节性水果或蔬菜。所以machine在这里的意思是表示“适应”，所以答案为D“condition 使适应”。60.答案 C 解析：根据第一段“It is what’s left after all the other criteria for a good commercial tomato have been met: disease resistance, regular shape, consistent ripening, the ability to withstand picking and packing and shipping, a long shelf life.”可知C不在此标准内。61.答案 C 解析：根据第二段“the UglyRipe may be a better tomato.After all, its growers have selected for better taste, not perfect shape.”可知答案为C。62.答案A 解析：根据第二段“but it still uses methyl bromide, a powerful, ozone-depleting pesticide to fumigate the soil.”可知答案为A。63.答案 C 解析：根据最后一段“the use of methyl bromide was supposed to be phased out completely by January 2005”，“be phased out 逐渐淘汰，逐渐停止”,可知答案为C。64.答案C 解析：文章从西红柿的种植开始，到最后一段讲到农药的使用，才涉及到了文章的主题“the truth is that there is no luxury——nor critical use——in it”这里的it指的便是环境。这些关键性的使用和奢侈的代价绝没有破换环境的代价大。所以答案为C。

Passage five 65.答案 C 解析：根据第一段“A type of cell that floats freely in the amniotic fluid of pregnant women has been found to have many of the same traits as embryonic stem cells, including an ability to grow into brain, muscle and other tissues that could be used to treat a variety of diseases,”可知A,B,C均是胚胎干细胞的特征，只有C没有提到。66.答案 D 解析：根据第二段“The cells, shed by the developing fetus and easily retrieved during routine prenatal testing,”可知答案为D。67.答案 C 解析：根据第三段“because the cells are a genetic match to the developing fetus, tissues grown from them in the laboratory will not be rejected”，可知答案为C。68.答案D 解析：根据第五段“embryonic ones that can morph into virtually any kind of tissue but are difficult to tame”可知答案为D。69.答案 A 解析：根据“Atala and other scientists emphasized that they don't believe the cells will make embryonic stem cells irrelevant.”和“ “There's not going to be one shoe that fits all,” said Robert Lanza, ”，可知 Robert Lanza，Atala and other scientists 的观点是一致的，他不认为这种新型细胞是万能的，会代替胚胎干细胞的所有功能，使之变得不相干。所以题干中的这句话实际上是在支撑前面的科学家的那句话“they don't believe the cells will make embryonic stem cells irrelevant.”。所以答案为A。70.答案A 解析：“retrieve“这个词出现在“easily retrieved during routine prenatal testing”，这句话表达的是“在常规产前检查中容易取出这种细胞做检查”。所以表达此意的是A。

Part Ⅳ Translation Section A 英译中

当然，一个民族质疑它的方向，希望保存其很多传统价值观是没有错的。此外，日本不可能恢复过去诡秘、反竞争的政策。因为改革的进程已经很深，而企业行为也已发生了翻天覆地的变化。但考虑到前方巨大的财政和金融挑战，政府管制工作和私企改组上的一丝怠慢便会造成永久性的灾难。现在不是日本故步自封的时候。

Section B中译英

During the eleven years between 1992 and 2003, scientist applied farmers’ method to the growing of rice and controlled all the possible factors that would have an influence on good harvest, exclusive of temperature and carbon dioxide.Average night temperature was 1.8 Fahrenheit higher than that outside on the farm of the institute.As a result, rice yield declined by 10% on average.Therefore, the scientists reached a conclusion that hotter night may speed up rice respiration and consume energy by increasing the activity of rice.Part Ⅴwriting

Agricultural Technology Plays an Important Part in the Building of the New Countryside.Nowadays, with advanced developments in technology, technology is broadly applied to every aspect of agriculture.It has been bringing the changes of agricultural management, production and distribution.thus to a great extent, technology facilitate the construction of new countryside.To be frank, technology is very important when it comes to scientific farming.Agricultural technology has become the most effective means and tools for enhancing agricultural productivity and for making use of full agricultural resources.Agricultural information technology had been developing fast in all countries of China.For example, long time ago, when farmers went to work in the field, they had to do farm work by the means of tools such as a spade, shovel and hoe.These tools are really ineffective.Thus usually it took much time for them to finish the work.Besides, when it came to killing insects on a farm, farmers had to bear a spraying box of agricultural chemical to kill pesticides.Actually it was time-consuming and dangerous, for farmers were easy to get poisoned by the agricultural chemical.However, now changes happen in agriculture.Farmers do not need to do the farm work by themselves with the advent of weeding machine and large spraying equipment.Farming work is becoming more and more time-saving and effective.At the same time, farmers can gain more from farming to live a better life.From the benefits farmers obtain, we can know that how important the use of technology in agriculture is and its facilitation to the construction of new countryside.Therefore, In order to facilitate the construction of new countryside and make rural citizens live prosperous, more technologies should be applied to agriculture.

第二篇：中国农业科学院考博英语真题2004答案解析

中国农业科学院考博英语真题2004答案解析

Part ⅡVocabulary

1.A 译文：他在这个领域的成就的功劳必须归于他的导师方教授

解析：credit荣誉，功劳；reputation名誉，声望；respect尊敬；praise赞美。2.D 译文：由于我们无法再等我们定的货，所以不得不取消订单。

解析：postpone推迟；refuse拒绝；accept接受；cancel取消。

3.C 译文：年轻人中存在着很高的工作流动性，因为他们今天辞掉这个工作明天就会找一个新的。

解析：固定搭配，quit work 辞职，停止工作；depart离开，出发；reject排斥；quit辞职，放弃；leave离开。

4.C 译文：由于天气恶劣必须放弃寻找失踪的船。

解析：release 释放，发射；resign辞职；abandon 放弃，断念；surrender使投降。5.B 译文：人们开的车可能是为了显示他的身份或社会地位。

解析：curiosity好奇心；status身份，地位；importance重要性；reputation声望。四个选项中与social position是一类词的只有B。

6.A 译文：创造力是指利用现存的资源产生独创与有益的方案、思想和产品。

解析：creativity 创造力；productivity 生产力；application应用；combination组合。7.D 译文：有时艺术家发现让他们的作品赢得大众的欣赏很难。

解析：popular appetite 大众口味，在题目中指的事“赢得大众的喜爱”。Welcome欢迎；

applause喝彩；appetite爱好，喜爱，胃口；appreciation欣赏，感谢。

8.A 译文：面临着项目的失败，投资商将忍受着高达三千万的损失。

解析：in the face of面对„„；in time of„„时期；in the event of如果„„发生；in the course of在„„期间。

9.D 译文：为什么我们有些人擅长数学或写作，而其他人擅长艺术和篮球。

解析：work at 致力于；gaze at凝视；aim at目的在于；excel at擅长，突出。10.A 译文：喷气式飞机快速地升上天空，很快便消失在我们的视线中了。

解析：固定搭配，ascend into升上，升到；launch发射，在句中，若要用launch，则要用被动语态；assess 评价；descend下降。

11.C 译文：长城是一个很好的观光胜地，每年吸引着全球各地无数的人来观光。

解析：tourist attraction观光胜地。

12.B 译文：现在残疾人能够关注他们的很多需求，上学和维持工作。

解析：pursue education 追求教育，上学。

13.A 译文：当他知道他发现了一个真正的真品时，汤姆难以掩饰自己的兴奋。

解析：conceal掩饰，掩藏；reveal展现；show显示；discover暴露。

14.B 译文：男女之间，贫富之间的目标和欲望大相径庭。

解析：vary widely大不相同，大相径庭；swing摇摆，转向；distinguish区分，辨别；

transfer转让。

15.D 译文：当地官方似乎要为上周发生的事故负责。

解析：to blame该受责备，承担责任。

16.C 译文：世贸中心遭遇的袭击给那些目睹爆炸场面的人留下了持久的印象。

解析：固定搭配，leave a lasting impression 留下持久的印象，深刻的印象。17.B 译文：计算机科技的全面影响在接下来的几年将会让人们感受到。

解析：固定短语考察，full impact 全面影响。18.C 译文：自动化的出现必然会带来重大的社会影响。

解析：固定短语，be bound to 必然，一定会；frightful 可怕的；compelled 强迫的。19.A 译文：通过和平手段实现统一是我们的一贯政策。

解析：固定搭配，consistent policy一贯的政策；considerate体贴的；certain确定的；decisive果断的。

20.D 译文：调查显示相当多数量的十五岁的孩子每周要吸二十根烟。

解析：substantial numbers of相当数量的，很多很多的。21.C 译文：化学与其他科目如物理生物等有着紧密的联系。

解析：correspond with 符合，一致；be concerned with涉及到；be correlated with与„相互关联或联系；cooperate with与某人合作。

22.A 译文：事故发生的几分钟内警察就对紧急情况做出了反应。

解析：respond to做出回应、反应； reply to回答，回复；adjust to 适应于；appeal to 呼吁，上诉。

23.C 译文：对热带雨林的破坏被谴责为环境的灾难。

解析：blame责备；declare声明、宣称，be declared as声明为或称为„；condemn谴责；appeal呼吁，请求。

24.B 译文：害羞的人绝不会自发地去吸引别人的注意。

解析：willingly欣然地，乐意地；voluntarily 自愿地，自发地；decidedly断然地；deliberately故意地，有意地。

25.A 译文：最近的生产障碍导致销售下滑，因而利润也下降了。

解析：decline下滑，下降；increase增加，上涨；break破坏；maintain维持。

26.B 译文：参加世界常务委员会发起的演讲的人数增加了，这让广大人民开始关注国际事务了。

解析：develop开发；sponsor赞助，发起；advance使前进；promote促进。27.D 译文：还不是晚，但得采取及时的行动。

解析：right对的，恰当的；urgent紧急的；hurry匆忙，仓促；prompt迅速的，及时的。28.B 译文：他渴望支配其他人，这给他的家庭带来了麻烦。

解析：please取悦；dominate支配，控制；force强迫，强加；urge催促，力劝。29.C 译文：有关人士想将得癌症的危险减到最小

解析：take the risk of 冒着危险；decrease减少；minimize the risk将风险减到最低；

claimed声称，宣称。

30.A 译文：受伤严重的士兵没有优先治疗那些轻微的伤。

解析：take priority over 优先于„；表示不优先于over后面的内容，而是take前面的内容要优先于over 后的内容。

31.D 译文：仍然不是很清楚到底是什么引起了他们之间的一系列争论。

解析：contribute贡献，出力；mark标志；ignite 点燃，燃烧；trigger引发，引起。32.B 译文：为了现在的生存和将来的繁荣兴旺，所有的工作人员必须不断地为你的公司的每一个方面创造出新的思想。

解析：maximize最大化；thrive繁荣，兴旺；measure 估量，测量；remain保持，依然。

33.D 译文：人类可能会破坏自然平衡，但有时，自然也会进行可怕的报复。

解析：take a revenge报复，复仇。

34.A 译文：她将高失业率作为政府政策失败的证据。

解析：cite„as„将„作为„；cite 引用，引证；recite背诵；list列出；lift举起。35.C 译文：自从日本开始重视教育和科技创新后，它的经济就有了高速发展。

解析：attach importance to重视，着重于。

36.C 译文：这个政策为私人产业让路，导致了贫富之间的差距。

解析：give way to让路于，屈服于，让步；give birth to生孩子，产生.37.C 译文：人类不应该以生态环境为代价发展经济。

解析：at the expense of 以„为代价；at the mercy of 任凭，受支配。38.D 译文： 我们应该为我的的孩子和孙子保持最好的道德观念。

解析： replace代替；remain留下，保持，一般为不及物动词，后面不接宾语；generate 发生，产生；preserve保存，保留。

39.A 译文：合适的穿衣在生意上关系重大，这就是为什么大多数生意人都穿得很正式的原因。

解析：count for价值；count for much关系重大；account for解释，说明；allow for顾及，考虑； care for照顾，关心

40.A 译文：他在车祸中伤得很严重，而这场车祸的产生要归于踩错了刹车。

解析：be attributed to归因于；contribute to有助于，贡献；be to blame该受责备，承担责任；be applied to 应用到„。

Part ⅢReading Comprehension Passage 1 41.答案D

解析：文章第一段就说明了，在以前秘书都是男性，因为人们认为女性在办公室的出现会影响其他员工的工作。42.答案C 解析：由第四段可以得到答案。43.答案B 解析：John Bowman得到这份秘书工作是因为“He was the only applicant”。44.答案A 解析：参看文章倒数第四段最后一句话。45.答案A 解析：作者在文章最后一句话中指出，女性也将能胜任男性所从事的这项工作。

Passage 2 46.答案C 解析：文章介绍的就是商业竞争的四种基本形式。47.答案D 解析：由文章第二段容易得到答案。48.答案A 解析：第四段中“tolerated”的意思是“允许”，所以答案为A。49.答案 A 解析：作者的意思是，虽然也会出现顾客受益的价格战，但所有的公司联合起来提高价格也是很常见的。50.答案B 解析：“serious competition„it would„in the group．”这句话中的“it”显然指代前面的“serious competition”。

Passage 3 51.答案D 解析：第一段中作者介绍Rogers是一个拼命工作并对员工要求苛刻的老板，作者以最快的速度的离开了那个家公司。可见作者不喜欢在Rogers手下那份工作。52.答案C 解析：从第二段的前两句话可以得到答案。53.答案A 解析：答案显然是A。54.答案 C 解析：作者以为那个人是Rogers，即他曾经的老板。55.答案D 解析：很显然，根据作者的前同事所了解的情况，他认为那个人很可能就是Rogers。

Passage 4 56.答案 C 解析：在第三段中作者表示：“I was going to be a complete engineer：technical genius and sensitive humanist all in one．”作者选择艺术类院校读书正是因为他想成为一个把工程技术和人文科学完美结合的优秀人才。57.答案 A 解析：“I wanted to open my eyes„Science or engineering．”作者认为同学艺术的人交往可以开阔视野，增长见识。58.答案B 解析：在作者看来，一个成功的工程类学生应该不仅应该具有技术才能，更需要有广阔的视野。

59.答案 D 解析：故事的最后，作者的美好理想在现实中破灭。所以他的理想固然是好，但却是不切实际的。60.答案 B 解析：结合上下文，很显然这个“they”是指代前一句话中的“engineering and the liberal arts”。

Passage 5 61.答案C 解析：C最全面的概括了全文的主题。62.答案D 解析：第一段中作者已经定义了slang：“refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as appropriate formal usage by the majority”。63.答案A 解析：“but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity．”这句话的意思是有些俚语只流行一时，随后就会消失。“obscurity”在这里是“消隐，隐退”的意思。

64.答案 D 解析：D 在文章第三段介绍俚语产生的三个条件之中，并没有大量的语言学家这一条件。

65.答案C 解析：从最后一段可以看出来作者是赞成在合适的场合使用slang和Colloquial speech的。

Passage 6 66.答案 A 解析：A项的意思是“一个人口袋里存不住钱”，当然与原文不符；B选项的意思是“钱不会长在树上”，C选项意思是“钱要好好地花”，D选项意思是“钱能生钱”都与原文意思一致。

67.答案 C 解析：由第三段可以得到答案。68.答案A 解析：文章第四段讲述的就是Awareness of their identity，从“But case histories repeatedly show that a sense of community is essential for long-term survival．”这句话可以得到答案。69.答案 D 解析：A、B、C都是W．R．Grace曾经或正在经营的项目，文章说W．R．Grace曾经创立航空公司，但并非经营飞机。

70.答案 B 解析：文章倒数第二段讲述的就是跨国公司的生存之道，段落最后一句话“Multinationals must be willing to change in order to succeed．”就是这段内容的一个小结，意思是跨国公司要想成功就必须学会变通。

Part ⅣWriting

On College Admission

It is a hot topic in recent years whether to offer college admission to every high school graduate or to select excellent students by means of examinations.In my opinion, the answer to this argument depends on the purpose of college education.College is a special place in which students are trained to enrich their knowledge and develop the ability to reason and explore the world.Though it cannot be denied that college students should also learn to adapt themselves into the real society, mastering academic skills is still their chief task, for knowledge is the basis of the work we would take in the future.Since students will learn much more difficult knowledge in college, not every high school graduate could digest and assimilate what would be taught in college classes, not to mention putting these theories into practical application.Thus, my standpoint is that admission to college should be offered by examinations because educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations and the methods of testing a person's knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.Here examination is not just examination itself, it could reveal a person's comprehensive capacities as well.Generally speaking, students getting high marks are also those with outstanding traits.However, I am not intending to put too much emphasis on examinations.College is at a unique stage of connecting school and society and examination is not the only way to prepare our students for the future.But in most cases, we have to admit that examination is indeed an effective and useful method of selecting persons with excellent abilities.

第三篇：2014年中国农业科学院分子生物学考博试题

2014年中国农业科学院分子生物学考博试题

一、名词解释（20分）：

1、Immunity of phage2、PrP SC3、3’-UTR4、VNTR5、Allele6、restriction map7、blue-white screening8、wobble hypothesis9、The stringent factor RelA10、siRNA

二、简答题（30分）：

1、如何添加Poly（A），Poly（A）的功能及其应用？

2、DNA指纹分析技术

3、抗生素如何在蛋白质合成的特殊阶段抑制其合成？

4、举例说明限制位点多态性的遗传规律符合孟德尔定律。

三、论述题（50分）：

1、绘制λ噬菌体的线状图谱，试陈述溶源状态、裂解状态的形成原因。

2、蛋白质组学研究中所用的方法及原理。

3、何种因素负责T-DNA进入、浸染植物？

4、决定人类血型的分子机制？

5、反义RNA的作用机理及其生物学意义。

第四篇：2013年中国农业科学院基因工程概论考博试题

2013年中国农业科学院基因工程概论考博试题

一、名词解释（20分）：

尾部序列、分子伴侣、衔接体、重复基因、噬菌粒载体、RNA差异表达、启动子封堵、反式作用、拓扑异构酶、选择性剪接。

二、简答题（30分）：

1、写出原核生物和真核生物mRNA的序列和结构；

2、基因剔除的概念和原理；

3、RNA编辑的概念和方式；

4、基因5’侧翼序列的功能；

5、噬菌体展示载体的概念和在基因工程中的运用。

三、论述题（50分）：

1、上世纪70年代基因工程的理论基础和技术基础是什么？

2、在大肠杆菌中表达真核基因的优缺点和解决办法？

3、mRNA差异显示的原理和优缺点？

4、解释蛋白质剪接、内含肽、外显肽的概念？

5、转基因水稻产业化前景？

第五篇：中国人民大学-考博英语真题

中国人民大学——英语2004年博士研究生入学考试试题

客观题部分

请用铅笔将此部分试题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效！II.Vocabulary(10 points)PartA(5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices

marked iL B, C arm 1).Choose the:one thatbest completes the

sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across

the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1.Example: She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ A.previously B.vLrtually

C.primarily D.domestically The sentence should read,;“She prefers foreign wine to that produce domesticany.” Therefore, you should choose D.Sample Answer

[A] [B] [C] [D]

1.International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages__

patriotism.A.obsolete

B.aggressive C.harmonious D.amiable Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed thoughts.A.dilemmas B.countenances C.concessions D.junctions 3.People innately _____ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify D.adhere 4.Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife

for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.A.conservation B.maintenance C.storage

D.reserve 5.According to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking 15 points.last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted D.fluctuated 6.Melissa is a computer___ that destroyed files in computers and

frustrated thousands of users around the world.A.genius

B.vires

C.disease

D.bacteria 7.The emphasis:on examinations is iby far the.worst form of

competition in schools.A.negligent B.edible

C.fabulous D.disproportionate 8.The boy seemed more _____ to their poverty, after seeing how his

grandparents lived.A.reconciled

B.consolidated C.deteriorated

D.attributed 9.During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never____ a chance to

practice his Chinese.A.passed on B.passed up C.passed by D.passed out 10.When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ____ can be

distributed.A.paradoxes B.legacies

C.platitudes D.analogin Part B(5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase

underlined.Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and

D.Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underiined part.Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square

bracket on ANSWER SHEET I.Example: The secretary is Very competent;she can finish all these letters within one

..;.,ca, ODe bour.A.careful

B.industrious C.clever

D.capable In this sentence, “competent” is closest-;n m e:zting to “capable”.Therefore you should choose D.Sample Answer

[A] [B] [C] [DD] 11.He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional

roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby.A.depict

B.advocate

D;criticize D.analyze 12,.They achieved more than they had eyer dreamed, lending a magic tO their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival.A.confirm B.achieve C.match

D exaggerate

13.The most urgent thing is to find a dump.for those toxic____ industrial wastes.A.imminent B.recyclable C.smelly D.poisonous i4.British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would nor be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N.sanction.A.allies

B.delegates C.voters

D.juries

15.The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our :children's college and our own retirement security is ,chilling.A.frightening B.promising

C.freezing D.revealing 16.Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown.A.secret plan B.bold attack

C.clever design D.joint effort 17.Evidence, reference, and foomotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different beorefical and political positions.A.trustworthy B.intelligent

C.diligent D.meticulous 18.Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, them are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.A.intriguing B.exasperating: C.demonstrative D.unprovoked 19.The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for.nocturnal raids in the forest.A.illegal

B.night-time

C, brutal D.abusive 20.Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight, A.mercurial B, gallant

C.ardent D.frugal III.Cloze(10 points)Directions : Read the following passage.Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on Answer Sheet I.Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea, ___ 21 ___ into a hobby and Iately has ____22 ____ into a full-time passion.The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph.D candidates ___ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started theirguide in April 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the Intemet.Before long they ___25 ___ that their home,brewed lists were becoming too long and ____ 26____ Gradually they began to spend more andmore time on Yahoo.During 1994, they ____ 27____ yahoo into a customized database designed to____28_____ the needs of the thousands of users____29____ began to use the service through the closely ___ 30____ Intemet community.They developed customized software to help them___ 31 ___ locate, identify and edit material ___32___ on the Intemet.The name Yahoo is ____ 33____ to stand for “Yet

Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle”.but Filo and Yang insist they selected the ___34 ___ because they considered themselves yahoos.Yahoo? itself first ___ 35 ___ on Yang's workstation, “akebono”, while the search engine was ___ 36 ___ on Filo's computer, “Konishiki”.In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files ___ 37___ to larger computers ___38____ at Netscape.As a result Stanford's computer network returned to ___ 39___ , and both parties benefiasc.Today, Yahoo___ 40 ___ organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked to the web.1.A.became

B.grew

C.mm

D.intend 2.A.made

B.saw

C.looked

D.turned 3.A.in

B.on

C.about

D.fer 4.A.touch

?.contact

C.n-ack

D.record 5.A.founded

E.found

C.argued

D.reported 6.A.unwieldy

B.tough

C.tamable

D invaluable

7.A.exchanged

B.shank

C.sold

D.converted 8.A.explain

B.serve

C.discover

D.evaluate 9.A.which

B.that

C.actually

D.eagerly 10.A.relative

B.interactive C.bound

D.contacted 11.A.fluently

B.efficiently C.exactly

D.actually 12.A.transmitted B.purchased C.sold

D.13.A.about

B.bound

C.going

D.supposed I4.A.fable

B.model

C.name

D.brand 15.A.supported

B.resided

C.lived

D.launched 16.A.connected B.lodged

C.introduced D.linked 17.A.over

B, away

C.inside

D.beneath 18.A.housed

B.caught

C.hosed

D.bidden 19.A.average

B.normal

C.ordinary

D.equal 20.A.attains

B.detains

C.maintains D.contains IV.Reading Comprehension(20 points)Directions: Read the following passages, decideon the best one of the choices marked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1

Guthrie's contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break babies.One application of the thrcshoM method involves the time young children spend on academic activities.Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited.Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes.However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often

result.To apply Gutiarie's theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes.Over the next few weeks the teacher could gredually increase the time students spend working on a single activity.The threshold methoci also can be applied to teaching printing abd handwriting.When children first learn to form letters, their movements awkward and they lack free motor coordination.The distances between lines on a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space.If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students' letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated.Once students can form letters

within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them refine their skills.The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students

who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room.The teacher can remove the students from the classroom, We them a large stack of paper, and tell them to start making paper airplanes.After the students have made several

airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes.Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their physical education class.To employ the fatigue method, theteacher might decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has begun.The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and

misbehave in the media center.Reading is incompatible with talking.The media center teacher might ask the students'to find interesting books and read them while in the center.Assuming that the studentS find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students.In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep.The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very

boring.Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, such as experiments, videotapes, and debates, in an attempt to involvs students and raise their interest in the course.41.The purpose of this passage is to___ A.inform B.persuade

C.debate

D.narrate 42.Guthrie identified three methods for__ A.educating students

B.altering bad habits C.avoiding undesired action

D.forming good hobbies 43.Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method? A.Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food than the

child enjoys over time so that the child will not refuse to eat it.B.Teachers introduce academic content in short blocks of time for young

children and gradually increase session length but not to where students

become frustrated or bored.C.Paper with wider lines is first used and then paper with narrow lines is

introduced step by step to help children learn printing and handwriting.D.A child might be made to throw toys until it is no longer fan by his

parents in order to change his behavior of repeatedly throwing toys.44.To stop snacking while watching television, people should keep their hands busy by sewing, painting, working crossword puzzles, and so forth.Over time.watching TV becomes a cue for engaging in an activity other than snac 'king.What method is used in this example? A.The threshold method.B.The fatigue method.C.The incompatible response method.D.The punishment method.45.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that A.The incompatible response method is to force child to make unwanted

response repeatedly in presence of stimulus until he or she becomes

exhausted B.The threshold method refers to introducing undesired behavior with a

response incompatible with the undesired response so they can not be

performed simultaneously

C.The fatigue method means that engaging in the behavior is transformde

into avoiding it by introducing the stimulus at full strength so it becomes

a cue for not performing it D.The fatigue method is that in presence of stimulus teachers have child

make response incompatible with unwanted response Passage 2 The increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive.Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing.Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing wralts.Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising.General Motors, the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson when it introduced its Chevrole Nova to the Puerto Rican market.“Nova” is Latin for new(star)“ and means ”star“ in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it can sound like ”no va“, meaning ”it doesn't go“.Few people wanted to buy a car with that cursed meaning.When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales picked up” dramatically.Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies.3ne American food company's friendly “Jolly Green Giant”(for advertising ,egetables)became something quite different when it was translated into Arabic as “Intimidating Green Ogre”.When translated into German Pepsi's popular slogan, “Come Alive with Pepsi” came out implying “Come Alive from the Grave”.No wonder customers in Germany didn't rush out to buy Pepsi.Successful international marketing doesn't stop with good ranslafions--,-other aspects of culture must be researched and understood ff aarketers are to avoid blunders.When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market.For example, an American designer tried to introduce a new pentare ihto the Latin American market but the product aroused little interest.The mail reason was that the camellia used in it was traditionally used for funerals in many South American countries.Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companies are becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitive to cultural distinctions.The best way to prevent errors is to hire professional translators who understand the target language and its idiomatic usage, or to use a technique

called “back translation” to reduce the possibility of blunders.The process uses one person to translate a message into the target language and another to translate it back.Effective translators aim to capture the, overall message of an advertisement because a word-for-word duplication of the original rarely conveys the intended meaning and often causes misunderstandings.In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be shot and simple.They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.46.The best title of this passage might be __.A.Culture Is Very Important ia Advertishag B.Avoid Cultural Misunderstanding between Nations C.Overcome Cultural Shock in Different Countries D.Advertisements Reflect Various Life Styles 47.What does the word “blunder” mean in this passage? A.hesitation B.mistake C.stutter D.default 48.Which of the following statements can be used to summarize the gist from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6? A.Cultural shocks

B.Faulty translations C.Avoid cultural oversights D.Prevent blunders 49.We can learn from the context in Paragraph 9 that the word “ca ” most probably mean____ A.an animal used in perfume for its smell B.a piece of fabric used both in perfume and at funerals C.a flower used in perfume for its fragrance and used for funerals D.an nrnament used in prefume and at funerals 50.One way to prevent errors in advertising in different countries is to___ A.fire the translators who don't know the target language.B.use the technique called “literal translation” to reduce the possibility of

blunders C.avoid cultural oversights and avoid certain jokes D.explain in details when designing advertisement for other countries Passage 3 It is not unusual for chief executives to collect millions of dollars a year in pay, stock options, and bonuses.In the last fifteen years, while executive remuneration rose, taxes in the highest income bracket went down.Millionaires are now commonplace.Amiability is not a prerequisite for rising to the top, and there are a number of chief executive officers with legendary bad tempers.It is not the boss's job to worry about the well-being of his subordinates although the man with many enemies wi！be swept out more quickly in hard times;it is the company he worries about.His business savvy is supposed to be based on intimate knowledge of.his company and the industry.so he goes home nightly with a full briefcase.At the very topexecutives are exceedingly dedicated.The American executive must be capable of enough small talk to get him through the social part of his schedule, but he is probably not a highly cultured individual or an intellectual.Although his wife may be on the board of the symphony or opera, he himself has little time for such pursuits.His reading may largely concern business and management, despite interests in other fields.Golf provides him with a sportive outlet that combines with some useful socializing.These days, he probably attempts some form of aerobic exercise to “keep the old heart in shape” and for the same reason goes easy on butter and alcohol, and substances thought to contribute to taking highly stressed executives out of the running.But his doctor's admonition to “take it easy” falls on deaf eyes.He likes to work.He knows there are younger men nipping at his heels.Corporate head-hunting, carried on by “executive search fares,” is a growing industry.America has great faith in individual talent, and dynamic and aggressive executives are so in demand that companies regularly raid each other's managerial ranks.51.We can infer from the second paragraph that___

A.promotion depends on amiability

B.chief executives do not work hard enough at the top level

C.it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his

subordinates

D.a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the

industry 52.The term “aerobic exercise”(fa'st line in second last paragraph)is a kind Of

____

A.hallucination exercise

B.physical exercise

C.meditation exercise

D.entertainment 53.From the last paragraph we can gather that ____

A.there are too many aggressive executives

B.individual talent is not essential for a company

C.the job of an “executive search rum” is corporate head-hunting

D.it is not common for companies to undermine each other's managerial

ranks 54.For executives, according to the article, a golf course is a pl where ________

A.they can conduct their business

B.they can indulge themselves

C.they can cultivate their mind

D.they can exercise as well as socialize 55.What is NOT tree according to the article? A.Executives tend to ignore doctors' advice and warnings.B.Executives are sensitive to pressure from the younger generation.C.All chief executives can earn millions of dollars a year.D.Executives are careful of what they eat.Passage 4 In November 1970 Yukio Mishima, together withsome of his fanatical followers from the ultranationalistic Shield Society WhiCh.he had four, dod in 1966, broke into the headquarters of Japan's Eastern Defense Forces armed with swords and daggers, overpowered some aides, tied up the commanding general, and demanded that the troops be assembled to hear a speech.Mishima addressed the troops for ten minutes, inciting them to rebel against the constitutional govemment imposed by the United States that had, in his words, “turned Japan spineless.” Receiving only ridicule in response, he returned to the general's office and there, before the general's unbelieving eyes, proceeded to kill himself in strict accordance with the tradifonal samurai ritual of seppuku.After Mishima had driven a dagger deep into his left abdomen, one of his aides severed his head with a sword.The aide likewise 'killed himself and was 5eheaded;the others surrendered.In 1936 there had been a similar revolt and, though equally unsuccessful, it had foreshadowed the repressive re,me of General Tojo that was to stage tho attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.That earlier revolt is the one referred to in “Patriotism,” one of Mishima's most powerful stories.Here life and fiction become joined.The act of seppuku was for Mishima a fulfdlment, “the ultimate dream of my life.” Bom of an ancient samurai family, he longed to die a hero's death in accordance with the ancient samurai code;but his weak body kept him from service in the war, and he had to compensate through body building(he became expert at karate and kendo)and, most important, through the discipline writing.In his short lifetime he turned out twenty novels, thirty plays, many essays, and more than eighty stories: he also produced, directed, and acted in movies, and even sang on stage.His first book of stories, A Forest in Flower, appeared in 1943, but it was Confession of a Mask(1948), dealing with the meditations of a young man of homosexual leanings in a repressive society, that brought him fame.Mishima has been called “Japan's Hemingway,” while others have compared him to “aesthetic” writers like Walter Peter and Oscar Wilde.56.The article implies that A.Mishima refused to join the army when he was young B.Mishima has been regarded as a lunatic writer C.Mishima is a person who'is hard m define D.Critics all agree that Mishima is an aesthetic writer 57.The aim of the rebel led by Mishima was A.Fo capture the commanding genera!

B.to urge the government to declare a war against America C.to incite the soldiers to rebel against the Constitutional govemment

D.to force the Emperor to give up the throne 58.In the 1970 rebel, the speech made by Mishima____ A.was web received by the soldiers B, was laughed at by the soldiers C.impressed the commanding general D, left a deep impression tO the soldiers 59.What IS true according to article? A.The general knew that Mishima had longed to die a hero's death.B.The general was greatly taken aback by Mishima's suicide attemnpt C.Some soldiers surrendered after Mishima's speech.D.one of Mishima's aides was killed by the soldiers.60.Mishima became a well-known writer after he had ___ A, written “Patriotism”, one of his most powerful stories B.written eighty short stories C.published “A Forest in Flower” D.published “Confession of a Mask” 主观题部分

请用钢笔或圆珠笔将此部分试题的答案做在答题纸二上，否则无效！V.Translation(20 points)Fart A.(10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese on your ANSWER SHEET.One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss.The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the economy.Buying a commodity or stock in the belief that prices will rise speeds market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers.If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden.Remedial supply action could not be further delayed.Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the SurpluS actually occurs.When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helphng to conserve the present supply.As the price goes up,less of the commodity is purchased;a rise in price encourages users to ecor, om2ze.Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.Part B.(10 points)Directions: Translate the following into EngIish on your ANSWER SHEET.中国已经发层成为一个全球极富吸引力的、现实的大市场。世界各国 和地区不少有远见卓识的企业家，都将目光投向了中国，并从投资活动中 获得了丰厚的回报。我相信，中国加入世贸组织后，外商参与中国投资活 动的机会将越来越多，自身发展的空间也越来越大。在中国的投资活动一 定能成为沟通世界各国和地区的企业家与中国市场的一座桥梁，促进中国 和世界经济共同发展、共同繁荣。VI.Writing(20 points)Directions Write an essay in no less than 250 words with file title “My Understanding of GlobaIization”.Your essay should be written on the Answer Sheet.