第一篇:北京大学2010年在职研究生英语考试真题
Paper One(90 minutes)
Part I Dialogue Communication(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue Completion
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A.B.C.D.Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.A: Can you take over for me here for a little while? I have a friend coming to see me.B: I'd like to, but ______.Ask Peter, he is not so occupied at this moment.A.How can I do it? B.that's alright.C.I have my hands full.D.that's impossible
2.A:To get an outside line, just dial 0 and the phone number.Or we can place a call for you, if you want.B: No, thanks a lot.A.Just put me through B.I'll try it my self C.I'd rather not D.I'll appreciate your help
3.A:Now, it's just work, work, work.I work hard all day, every day.B:Oh, come on._____________.You're making a good salary now.A.Don't complain.B.Sorry to hear about it C.Anything I can do for you? D.What's your plan? 4.A: Pamela, can you come to a meeting on Friday?
B: ________Let me check my schedule.When are you having it? A.No bit deal.B.I am not sure C.Can I ? D.Sure thing?
5.A: I am really getting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling.B: _______________ A.I hope it is nothing serious B.They are so stupid!C.So am I.It is so annoying D.You are right.Forget it.Section B Dialogue Comprehension
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversions between a man and a woman.At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A.B.C.D.Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding better with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6.Man: I have figured it all out.It looks like it will take us about 5 hours to drive from here to Chicago.Woman: It'd be more relaxing to take the train.But I guess we should watch our expenses.Question: What does the woman imply?
A.She likes to drive when she travels B.She doesn't want to go to Chicago.C.She doesn't know the cost of the train trip.D.It's cheaper to got to Chicago by car 7.Man: How about the examination last week? Woman: If I'd got more time.I could have made it.Question: What does the woman imply?
A.She was asked to take another examination B.She failed the examination last week C.She did quite well in the examination D.She didn't take the examination last week 8.Man: Harvard or the State University, have you decided yet? Woman: Well, I'd rather be a big fish in a small pond.Question: Which university is the woman likely to choose? A.The State University B.Harvard C.Neither D.She hasn't decided yet.9.Man: I have just found a great location to open a new shop.Woman: But you haven't researched the market.Don't you think this putting the cart before the horse?
Question: What does the woman mean?
A.The man shouldn't make the decision so quickly B.It's risky to choose such a location C.The man is doing things in the wrong order D.It's possible for him to make a better choice 10.Woman: My results are a bit flattering because I have had quite a lot of luck.Man: Nonsense, you're head and shoulders above the others in your group.Question: What does the man think is the reason for the woman's success? A.She is really lucky B.She is far better than the others C.She's got the others' support D.She's been working hard Part II Vocabulary(20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section A Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A.B.C.D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11.Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.A.desperately B.definitely C.deliberately D.decisively
12.There has been enough playing around so let's get down to business.A.make a deal B.begin our work C.reach an agreement D.change our plan
13.How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday's lunch into today's muscle? A.alter B.develop C.modify D.turn
14.It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older.A.notice B.watch C.follow D.celebrate 15.It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merely your brain's interpretation of incoming stimuli.A.explanation B.evaluation C.recognition D.interruption
16.Life is more important than the pressures and stress that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments.A.appointments B.arrangements C.obligations D.devotions
17.If you continue to indulge in computer games like this, you future will be at stake.A.in danger B.without question C.on guard D.at large
18.Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, often with a happy ending.A.in contrast to B.in regard to C.in terms of D.in light of
19.Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge,there has been no correlative increase in wisdom.A.improves B.precedes C.imposes D.exceeds 20.Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the
basis of earning potential.A.offensive B.depressive C.troublesome D.tiresome Section B
Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A.B.C.D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSERS SHEET.21.My oldest son had just finished an _________ holiday stay prior to moving to a new State, a
new job, and the next chapter in his life.A.enlarged B.expanded C.extended D.increased
22.Blacks and American Indians __________ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business
schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S.population.A.make up B.take up C.reach out D.turn out
23.With demand continuing to rise in _____ economies such as China and India, energy traders
believe that oil futures are a good bet.A.employing B.emerging C.embracing D.emitting
24.Laws and regulations in each country have to be made _____ the constitution of the country.A.in honor of B.in memory of C.in return for D.in line with 25.The jury's ________ was that the accused was guilty
A.verdict B.sentence C.trial D.debate
26.In English learning, a_____cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.A.vertical B.vicious C.vivid D.vigorous
27.Isn't it ___________ when you learn something you've never known before?
A.cool B.crazy C.cold D.cute
28.There are several factors_________the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly in consumer markets.A.resorting to B.appealing to C.applying to D.contributing to
29.The Internet has been developing at a speed____people's expectations in the past two decades.A.over B.of C.under D.beyond
30.It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs;they have become
professionally _______.A.laid off B.laid out C.put off D.put out
PartⅢ Reading Comprehension(45minutes, 30point)
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring NSWER SHEET.Passage One
Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems.Now, a study says it can also spread.A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness.And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow
like infections within social groups.The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease.Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study.The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness.The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors.The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together.The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study.The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year.The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days.But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others.This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them.John Cacioppo at he University of Chicago led the study.He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness.He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a“protective barrier” against loneliness.This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.31.Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people? A.Friendship B.Happiness C.Depression D.Smoking
32.The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 ____________ A.expanded its research topics B.involved 5,000 patients of depression
C.identified loneliness as one key factor for heart disease D.examined the relationship between loneliness and depression 33.Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness? A.It leads to a gradual loss of friends B.It is a common phenomenon among women C.it is often found in the neighborhood
D.it ruins the relationships between close friends
34.Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to___________ A.strengthen your friendship B.develop new friendship
C.increase the sense of loneliness D.reduce the sense of loneliness
35.According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can______ A.result in aggressiveness B.cause people to be overprotective C.infect social networks D.push people to the verge of poverty 36.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Loneliness can spread B.Loneliness is linked to depression C.Lonely people tend to grow fat D.Lonely people need more friends Passage Two
California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative.“Starting this fall with high school math and science.we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state
-approved list of digital textbooks.”That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online.He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles.Digital one can offer the latest information.They lighten the load of school bags.They save paper and trees, and make learning more fun and interactive.And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems.More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools.These had to meet at least 90%of the state's learning requirements.Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years.The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them.The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family.California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks.Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away.Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them.Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader.Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment.Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.37.The Digital Textbook Initiative _______________ A.will probably take effect in six years B.covers all the high school subjects C.has been approved by all states D.is advocated by California state governor 38.The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to ________ A.help save money B.benefit the environment
C.provide interesting materials D.reduce students' heavy burden 39.The digital textbooks were approved by _______ A.trained teachers B.content developers C.Khosla Family D.CK12 Foundation 40.What is true of CK12 Foundation? A.It produced 16 digital textbooks B.It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.C.It is financed by California state government.D.It makes money through developing digital textbooks.41.According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks __________________ A.are not likely to have a widespread use B.will soon replace traditional ones
C, will first be adopted by well-equipped schools D.are certain to be approved by school districts
42.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_________________ A.schools are reluctant to print out copies B.the use of digital textbooks is not really free C.students need to pay for computers
D.training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficient Passage Three
Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up.So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.The cheerful Mr.Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump(胖乎乎的)---and happy.In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves.But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England's chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson.He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease.And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking.So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week.Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills(跑步机)tedious, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people's lives may be more effective.They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening.And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms are not making the nation fit, and may even cause harm.There's new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you.Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people.The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.So, should we forget about gyms and follow some experts' advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all, getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can't do any harm!One final thought.How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today? 43.This passage is mainly about ______________ A.how to keep fit and avoid fatness B.increased risks for overweight people C.the dangers of exercise in the gym D.the benefit of a balanced diet
44.What dose “this expanding problem”(Para 1)refer to? A.The slow growing up of overweight children B, The obesity time bomb warned of by doctors.C.To little exercise and too much diet.D.Neglect of the health issue by the government
45.Why dose the author mention Mr.Pickwick in Charles Dickens' novel? A.He was portrayed in an 18th century painting B.He is the hero of a world famous novel.C, He suffered from heart disease and stroke.D.He is the image of being plump and happy
46.According to Sir Liam Donaldson, what is the best way to avoid obesity? A.Being on diet B.Giving up smoking.C.Being as inactive as possible.D.Doing physical activities.47.Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency? A.Walking up escalators, dancing or gardening B.Going to the gym to walk on treadmills C.Taking the stairs rather than the lift.D.Playing active games with your children.48.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____________________ A.too much exercise may actually be bad for health B.experts' advice cannot be always followed.C.past generations longed for gym facilities we have today D.moderate daily-life exercise can make us leaner and fitter Passage Four
A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison.It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects.With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other.Love is a rose.Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language.The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment.Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love.Therefore, the poet's job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.Let's analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers.Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose , first we muse examine the characteristics of that flower.A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals(花圈)are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing.It's possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell.The rose's appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical in form.Isn't this the way one's love should be.A loved one should be a delight to one's senses and seem perfect.However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose.Roses have thorns.The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky.So can love, the metaphor tells us.When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm!“Be careful,” the metaphor warns : Love is a feast to the senses ,but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering.This is the poet's perception of love---an admonition(劝诫).What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words'.That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.49.According to the passage, what is a metaphor?
A.A comparison between two different objects with similar features B.A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image.C.A description of two similar objects in a poetic way.D.A literary device specially employed in poetry writing.50.The main idea of this passage is that ________________ A.rose is a good image in poetry B.Love is sweet and pleasing C.metaphor is ambiguous D.metaphor is a great poetic device 51.It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is ______________ A.difficult to understand B.rich in meaning C.not precise enough D.like a flower
52.As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose ____________ A.protect the rose form harm B.symbolize reduced love C.add a new element to the image of love D.represent objects of one's affection 53.The meaning of the love-is-a-rose metaphor is that____________ A.love is a true joy B.true love comes once in a lifetime
C.love does not last long D.love is both good and bad experiences 54.According to the passage, poetry is intended to ___________ A.release anger B.entertain the readers C.express poets' ideas D.reward the senses Passage Five
Some 23 million additional U.S.residents are expected to become more regular users of the U.S.health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform.Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients.But putting people's health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies.It is already shifting the every way we seek and receive health care.“The social dynamics of care are changing,“ says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company.Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies' ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.With greater access to individualized health information----whether that is through a formal electronic medical record,a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician-----the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition.“For as long as we've known, health care has been 'I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it,”says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center For Medical Informatics.Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor's office having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns.And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions.These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun.Although the majority of U.S.hospitals and doctor's offices are still struggle to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records-and some even have partial access to them.The My Chart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal(门户)through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a “fundamental change in how care is provided,” Gomez says.55.Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A.The Future of Your Medical Data B.Challenges Against Doctors and Hospital C.Benefits of the U.S.Healthy Care Reform D.How to Access and Share Your Health Information 56.Putting patient information in databases and online A.enables more Americans to join the health care system B.contributes to the passage of health care reform C.increases the burden of the U.S.health care system D.changes how people seek and receive health care
57.According to John Gomez, many patients use social networking sites to A.change their social interactions B.post their latest CT scan images C.share information about their health care D.show their babies' recent pictures 58.Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients? A.A formal electronic medical record B.An easier access to information online C.A self-created personal health record D.A quick instant-messaging session with a doctor 59.According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will A.refuse to follow their doctors' advice B.be more dependent on their doctors C.leave out their visit to doctors' offices and hospitals D.have their health conditions examined through e-mail 60.It is stated in the passage that ______________ A.nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soon B.most of U.S.hospitals and doctors are against the shift
C.patients are worried about the security of their health information D.patients are staring to make use of their electronic medical records Part IV Close(15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks.For each blank there are 4 choices marked A.B.C.D.Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61______ the UK---speed dating.Speed dating 62_______ men and woman meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can bout possible 63 ________in three minutes.It's proving every 64_______ with Britain's young people who find that haven't got the time to meet that special one.At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65_____with a member of the opposite sex.Then a bell is 66_______ and you move to another person and start chatting again.By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!
If, by the end of a conversation, you 67______ the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68______ on a card.Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details.But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69_____ if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 _______percent can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71_______ speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72_______ in such a short time? 73______, people say you can't hurry love.However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.So, if you are on a 74 _______to find Mr.or Miss Right, what have you got to lose? 75_______, you still go home on your own.But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.61.A.off B.across C.over D.through
62.A.requires B.inquires C.revolves D.involves 63.A.partners B.spouses C.friends D.counterparts 64.A.practical B.popular C.favorable D.normal
65.A.all in one B.one after one C.one on one D.one and all 66.A.knocked B.shaken C.swung D.rung 67.A.attract B.enjoy C.chase D.fancy 68.A.down B.off C.up D.back
69.A.work on B.work out C.work at D.work up 70.A.emotion B.sentiment C.chemistry D.attachment 71.A.how B.what C.all D.where 72.A.conclusion B.refection C.guess D.judgment 73.A.In all B.After all C.Of all D.And all 74.A.tour B.route
C.direction D.mission 75.A.At last B.At first C.At worst D.At end
Paper Two(60 minutes)
Part I Translation(30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section)Section A Directions: Translate the following passage onto Chinese.Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.An ecosystem is a group of animals and plants living in a specific region and interacting with
one another and with their physical environment.Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and nutrients that support the organisms living there.These organisms may range form large animals to microscopic bacteria.Ecosystem also can be thought of as the interactions among all organisms in a given area;for instance, one species may serve as food for another.People are part of the ecosystems where they live and work.Human activities can harm or destroy local ecosystems unless actions such as land development for housing or businesses are carefully planned to conserve and sustain the ecology of the area.Section B
Directions: Translate the following passage into English.Write your translation on the AN SWER SHEET.全球化作为一种新的经济和社会发展趋势,给中国带来了机遇,也带来了挑战。一方面,中国正成为世界制造业中心并在国际舞台上发挥着日益重要的作用;另一方面,我们也面临 着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济,又能传承优秀文化传统的问题。Part II Writing(30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words.Your composition should be based on the following two questions after you have read the story given in Chinese.1.What do you think about the story? 2.What do you learn from it?
英国史学家卡莱尔经过多年的伏案,写成了《法国大革命史》的全部文稿。那时候没有电脑,一切都得用手来完成,而且难得有”备份"。来卡尔写完后的第一件事,就是将它交给最信任的好友米尔去完善。
然而,就在第二天手稿被米尔家的女佣当作废纸丢进了火炉!而且,更糟糕的是,为了保持书房的整洁,卡莱尔每写完一章,随手把原来的笔记、手稿撕碎。可以想象卡莱尔当时的心情,但他很快就平静下来,反而安慰伤心地米尔:“没关系,就当我作文交给老师批阅,老师说„这篇不行,重写一次吧,你可以写的更好‟!”
卡莱尔再起炉灶,才重写这部巨著。如今人们读到的《法国大革命史》,就是他的第二 稿。这一稿的质量,无论文字还是内涵上,都达到了卡莱尔写作的巅峰。
参考答案(A卷)
Paper One 【口语】
1-5 CBABC 6-10 DBACB 【词汇】
11-15 CBDCA 16-20 CAADC 21-25 CABDA 26-30 BADDB 【阅读】
31-36 BAACCA 37-42 DAABCB 43-48 ABDDBD 49-54 ADBCDC 55-60 ADCBCD 【完型】
61-65 BDABC 66-70 DDABC 71-75 BDBDC Paper Two Section A 【英译汉】
生态系统是指共同生活在一个特定区域内的动植物之间以及这些动植物与其生存环境 之间相互作用而形成的一个整体。生态系统包括物理和化学元素,诸如:土壤,水分,以及维持生物生存的营养物质。生物可以是大型的动物,也可以是微型生物。生态系统也可以被看作是在特定区域内所有生物的相互作用,比如说一种生物可能是另一种生物的食物。人类 也是他们生活工作所处的生态系统的一个组成部分。除非人类在为住房或商业需求进行土地 开发这些活动做好精心计划以保护和维持这一地区的生态环境,否则这些人类活动就会对当 地的生态系统造成破坏。Section B 【汉译英】
As a new economic and social treads, globalization has brought China opportunities and challenges as well.On the one hand, China is on the road to become the world's manufacturing center and playing an increasingly significant role in the international arena;on the other hand, we are faced with the problem that how not only should the economy is being developed, but also the outstanding cultural traditions can be passed on in the process of globalization.【写作范文】
The short paragraph above tells us a real story about the history of the well-know writing French Revolution History.Claire, the author of French Revolution History, lost his script in the course of the writing, which could have broken him down.However, the great historian was not beat by the frustration.He restarted his writing and finished it with unyielding will.The course of creation of the writing shows us that unyielding will is the key to success.Reviewing the whole story, what helped the author get to the success was just his perseverance.He did not give up his goal even when suffered form a great strike, which made me remember what happened on me.Once I wanted to join in the football team in our school, but was refused by them because of my poor performance.Then I never give up my dream and kept practicing my skills although it was a tough period.At last I made it and got the permission to the team.Actually the two stories have the same meaning that unyielding will is the most important element on the way to success.打印文章 关闭窗口
第二篇:2014年在职研究生英语考试真题
2014年真题
Part I Oral Communication(10 points)
Section A
Directions:In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has
three blanks and three choices A,B and C, takenfrom the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue andmark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue One
A.They had been in there for about 5 minutes
B.It's theother man I'm talking about
C.I thought you said there were three men
Burney: There were two men, I think.No, three.They ran into the bank and the one with thegun,the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don't know, “Give me all your money” and the other one-Police officer:_____1______?
Burney: No, there were two men and a girl._____2_____the one carrying the suitcase,well, he goes up to the other guy-Police officer: The one with the gun?
Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, shethey hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase and they run out.It was l:35.________3______ Dialogue Two
A.Ilike a goodstory
B.They still make movies like that
C.People today don't like that
Speaker A: I like watching old l movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B: I agree with you, eventhough they're in black and white.I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn't._______4_______
Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B:_____5______
Speaker A:I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B:Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:___6____
Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.Section B
Directions: In this section there is one incomplete interview which hasfour blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A.I do a lot of research on the Internet too
B.I document everything
C.Of course they mail their friends endlessly
D.I do a lot of my shopping on the net now
Interviewer:Ms.Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?
Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop;myiphone5;and my Olympus digital camera.____7____: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch myeye as I walk past.Interviewer:What do you use your computer for? Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time.But I do a lot of my design work on screennow and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers._____8______-there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?
Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home._____9_____than in the past.Cheating appears to have gainedacceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows.Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth.Others have attributedincreased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic(实用主义的)than their more idealistic predecessors.Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies,students were filled with visions about changing the world,today’s students feel greatpressure to conform and succeed.In interviews with students at high schools andcolleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had becomeeasy.Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect.Others looked at it as a game.Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty.“People are competitive,” said a second-yearcollege student named Anna, fromChicago.There's an underlying fear.If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined.The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself.To achieve.To succeed.It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals,Edward Wynne , a magazine editor ,blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools.He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action.Dwight Huber ,chairman of the English department at Amarillo.sees the matterdifferently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated.“I wouldcheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr.Huber said.He feels that as long as teachers gives short-answer testsrather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together,students will try to beat the system.“The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong withthe individual who are doing it,” he said.“That's too easy an answer.We've got to start looking at the system.” 26.Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A.are not only those academically weak
B.tend to be dishonest in later years
C.are more likely to be punished than before
D.have poor academic records
27.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A.Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.B.Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating..C.Students' cheating has deep social roots.D.Students do not cheat on essay tests.28.Which of the following points of view would Mr.Huberagree with ?
A.Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.B.Students who cheat should be expelled from school.C.Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.D.Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.29.The expression “the individuals”(the last paragraph)refers to ________
A.school administrators
B.students who cheat
C.parents
D.teachers 30.The passage mainly discusses_______
A: ways to eliminate academic dishonesty
B: factors leading to academic dishonesty
C: the decline of moral standards of today's youth
D: people's tolerance of students' cheating
Passage Three
Last week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks.She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate g:ives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she's not alone.While popular phobias(恐惧症)about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress.My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life.She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these “rats with wings” finds its way onto the platform.Another friend isdisgusted with cheese.Once I saw her run away from a slice of it.So where does anirrational fear of cheese come from?
Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusualanxieties over time?
Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators.Therewas no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous.And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselvestrapped in an elevator last yearit wasn't all that bad.Nervous and inconvenient maybe, butterrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process,but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.31.The 34-year-old British woman is extremelyafraid of metal forks because
A.she has never used them before
B.she has been injured by them before
C.she couldn't bear their sound on plate
D.she is afraid that they may hurt her
32.The phrase “rats with wings”(Para.3)refers to______
A.strange birdsB.pigeons
C.devilsD.exotic rats
33.The author's fear of elevators is the result of_______
A.her phobia for no reason
B.her nervousness of being alone
C.her dislike of being in closed spaces
D.her terrible experience
34.After the fear subsided, the author realized that______
A.her boyfriend's help was important
B.she could have had a good time with her boyfriend
C.an elevator ride could be exciting
D.it was not as horrible as she had thought
35.The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______
A.illustrate conquering a fear can be difficult
B.encourage people to overcome their fears
C.introduce what strange fears people have
D.explain why people have strange fears Passage Four
The American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangeroushealth misconceptions of all times.Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, anddiet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates(碳水化合物)are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly becomeoverweight.We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread andopt for meats and vegetables instead.Some companies promote this idea to encourageconsumers to buy their “carb-free” food products.But the truth is, the human bodyneeds carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but isexhausted of thisdietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded withcarbohydrates.Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefitssome fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help toprevent cancer and stroke.Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your bodyof the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells.Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease.Carbohydrates also contain
antioxidants(抗氧化剂), which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with thepotential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely ofcarbohydrates.We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthybodies.But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether.In fact, the foodpyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consumesix to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each offruits and vegetablesthey take place at home.Comment 1:
Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids.Persistent parentalinvolvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents wantconsciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parentssooner than otherwise.Comment 2:
It also depends on the kid.Emotional and social maturityhave a lot to do withsuccess in college and in life.Some kids may have the brains and are bored by highschool, but that doesn't mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3:
The article doesn't clearly define “helping,” but I understood it as actually assistingchildren in the exercises(e.g.helping them to solve a math problem)and/or reviewingtheir work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they've completed their work.Ithink the latter is more helpful than the former.I would also certainly hope that no studywould discourage parents from monitoring their children's performance!
41.The word “they”(Para.l)refers to.A.studies
B.principles
C.values
D.obligations
42.What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study?
A.The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.B.Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.C.Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.D.Schools should communicate with parents regularly.43.Comment1 suggests that
A.parents should leave their children alone
B.kids should be kids after all
C.parents may influence children's thinking
D.persistent parental involvement is a must
44.The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that
A.high intelligence does not guarantee success
B.getting ready for college is an emotional process
C.social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in life
D.high school is often boring in the U.S.45.Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?
A.Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.B.Monitoring kids' class performance.C.Assisting kids in their exercises.D.Making sure kids have finished their work
Part IV Cloze(10 points)
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks.For each blank thereare four choices marked, A, B, C,and D.Choose the bestanswerfor each blankand mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate.We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive,expensive,and sentimental.We imagine the look of happinessand surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel.47.But there’s something thatthe most sentimental-gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving.Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things50great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality.Theycommunicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often,no.“Gift receivers would be 51 ifgivers gave them exactly what they requested 52.attemptingto be'thoughtful and considerate' by buying gifts they did not explicitly request” to surprisethem, the researchers write.Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability(e.g.the cost of a coffee maker)and feasibility(e.g.the 54 of the coffee maker).Across several experiments, theyfind that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility.46.A.to open B.opening C.have opened D.opened
47.A.in person B.in turn C.in place D.in return
48.A.Whether B.When C.Why D.How
49.A.To be sure B.To sum up C.In many ways D.In many cases
50.A.work out B.lead to C.make for D.take up
51.A.happier B.more surprised C.happy D.surprised
52.A.regardless of B.rather than C.as toD.but for
53.A.decide B.classify C.select D.measure
54.A.look B.quality C.nevertheless D.ease
55.A.unexpectedly B.whereas C.nevertheless D.continuously
Part V Text Completion(20 points)
Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging
from 56 to75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted.First, usethe choices provided in the box to complete thephrases.Second, use the completed phrasesto fill in the blanks of the text.Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text One
A.accelerate B.otherwise C.between D.imitate
Phrases:
A.would be difficult to 56
B.from 57 its feathers
C.enabling the bird to 58
D.it 59 could 46.A.to open B.opening C.have opened D.opened
47.A.in person B.in turn C.in place D.in return
48.A.Whether B.When C.Why D.How
49.A.To be sure B.To sum up C.In many ways D.In many cases
50.A.work out B.lead to C.make for D.take up
51.A.happier B.more surprised C.happy D.surprised
52.A.regardless of B.rather than C.as toD.but for
53.A.decide B.classify C.select D.measure
54.A.look B.quality C.nevertheless D.ease
55.A.unexpectedly B.whereas C.nevertheless D.continuously
Part V Text Completion(20 points)
Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging
from 56 to75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted.First, usethe choices provided in the box to complete thephrases.Second, use the completed phrasesto fill in the blanks of the text.Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text One
A.accelerate B.otherwise C.between D.imitate
Phrases:
A.would be difficult to 56
B.from 57 its feathers
C.enabling the bird to 58
D.it 59 could The emperor penguin traps air in its feathers.Not only does this insulate thebird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times fasterthan60How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so byreleasing tiny air bubbles 61.As these bubbles are released, the reduce friction on the surface of the penguin's wings, 62.Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster byusing bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls(船身).However, researchersacknowledge that further investigation is challenging because “the complexity ofpenguin’s wings 63
Text Two
A.beyond B.as well as C.sending
Phrases:
A.64 the wages of average families
B.65 young people to college
C.66 the reach ofmostAmericans
A research group in California has released a ”national report cardon highereducation.“ The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982.Costs have climbed much faster than other pricesthat new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys.But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there will be a simple net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done.”We should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure.It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new agreement on the division and distribution of labor” Seymour says.Part VII Writing(15 points)
Directions: Write a composition in no less than 150 words on the topic:A Way to Success.Read the following article in Chinese, then write according to the outline given below.Write yourcomposition on the Answer Sheet.大学毕业时,小刘决定不找工作,他默默地从事起了网络翻译工作。当时几乎没有人看好他,大家认为,大学刚毕业,最好找一个好单位,学点本领、积累点经验,然后才能有好出路。
5年时间过去了,虽然我们很多人毕业时都信誓旦旦地说,一旦在单位里学到本领,积累够经验,就出去打拼一番属于自己的事业,但大多数人在单位这个避风港里,已经失去了面对大风浪和新环境的勇气,辞职创业逐渐成了空谈。可小刘已经开了公司,成为了一名成功的企业主。
在一次同学会上,小刘说出了他的“秘密”。他说: “成功往往取决于你敢不敢往人少的地方走。这可能会有风险,但因为没人或很少有人走过,留给你的可能是硕果累累。走别人开辟的老路,虽然看起来很安全,但因为走的人太多,财富与资源大多已被人占有。即使幸运地发现了一小部分,也必然会被蜂拥而至的人群争抢与瓜分。”
1.根据以上文章写一篇读后感;
2.你如何看待小刘的成功之道;
3.关于成功你有什么经验和建议?
2014 年同等学力真题答案
Dialogue
1-3 C B A
4-6 C A B
7-10 B A C D
Vocabulary-15 B B C D C
16-20 C A A D C
Reading Comprehension
Passage one B D D C C
Passage two A C A B B
Passage three C B A D B
Passage four B C A B B
Passage five D B C A D Cloze
45-50 B D A A C
51-55 A B C B D
Text Completion
Text one
56-59 D C A B
60-63 D B C A
Text Two
64-66 B C A
67-69 A C B
Text Three
70-72 A C B
73-75 A C B Translation
失业问题所造成的社会成本远非政府发放福利和失业救济就能解决。据一项联邦调查显示,失业会加剧离婚的风险,也会增加虐待儿童或酗酒等问题。有些专家声称这一问题只是暂时的---也就是说,新技术会带来失业,但也会最终创造出相应的就业机会。但是未来学家海门?赛莫说,新技术带来的非凡效率就意味着我们需要的劳动力会必然的减少。“我们应该将其视为一次享受更多休闲时光的机会。也许这一切并没那么容易接受,但社会最终会在劳动力的分类和分配方面达成协调,”赛莫如是说。
Writing(略)2014同等学力申硕英语作文范文
As is clearly shown in the story, Xiao Liu chose a different way from his classmates after graduate and got a different story.Xiao Liu succeeded finally while most of others lived in an ordinary life and loose the encouragement to face huge challenge.Nowadays the way to success has aroused immediate concern and widespread discussion among the general public.From Xiao Liu’s experience, we can draw a conclusion that sometimes choosing a road seldom chosen by other people could increase the chance of success.On one hand, it can be reasonably argued that there will be more chance if we choose a different way to work or live.If we just do as what others do, then there will not be much wealth or resources left for us to take use of.In this case, the chance to success won’t be too much.On the other hand, however, there will be risks existing the same time.The reason why seldom people choose the way may be that it is not a correct way to success, and the people who choose it may face the risk of failure.I strongly believe that we can do as what XiaoLiu does but need to estimate the risk first.In the process of my growth, I have a lot of successful experience.In my opinion, there are many factors needed for success.The first one that comes to my mind readily is that knowledge and skills.They are the basic factors and one can’t get success without them.What's more, effort and spirit of persisting are important key factors to success.No success can come easily and there are many examples that people give up in the half way.We need put all effort and stick to it then we could achieve the goal.
第三篇:北京大学法学研究生历年真题
北京大学法学院2010年考研综合卷试题
宪法
案例题:某行政机关在某次打黄扫非行动中公布的一张照片一起了广泛争议。“光头”警察抓住一“卖淫女”的头发,“卖淫女”双手护胸,一脸惶恐,而她的衣服就在一边。旁边还有嫖客一干人等。请结合宪法条文:
(1)公布“卖淫女”裸照是否违法,说明理由(5分)
(2)“光头”警察对“卖淫女”的行为是否违法,说明理由(15分)行政法
一、行政处罚法37条规定:行政机关在调查或者进行检查时,执法人员不得少于两人,并应当向当事人或者有关人员出示证件。当事人或者有关人员应当如实回答询问,并协助调查或者检查,不得阻挠。询问或者检查应当制作笔录。请分析下列两种情况是否违反该规定:(1)某交警只身一人,上前查问逆向行驶的司机,并作出行政处罚(5分)(2)在“黑车”车主的主动招揽下,某城管执法人员独自一人着便衣,上车之后暗中录音并据以作出行政处罚。(大概是这样,有几句不记得了 15分好像是)
二、某乡政府发出通知《关于禁止买卖虎牌化肥的通知》称:因为虎牌化肥存在质量缺陷(或者是说有毒),在本乡范围之内,禁止买卖。问:该通知是具体行政行为还是抽象行政行为,请说明理由。(10分)民事诉讼法
一、民事诉讼和民商事仲裁的区别(10分)
二、我国各种审判程序当中审判组织的区别(10分)民法
一、结合物权法,试述建筑物区分所有权(15分)
二、结合合同法,试述违约责任和缔约过失责任的关系(15分)刑法
一、简答题
1、罪刑法定原则的基本含义(4分)
2、自然人成为犯罪主体的条件(4分)
二、论述题
1、主犯的概念、种类、刑事责任(8分)
2、简述我国刑法中“从重处罚”“从轻处罚”“减轻处罚”的含义(6分)
三、案例 甲酒后驾车蹭到乙的车,逃跑过车中接连撞死三人。问对甲如何定罪。(8分)刑事诉讼法
一、律师法第三十三条规定:犯罪嫌疑人被侦查机关第一次讯问或者采取强制措施之日起,受委托的律师凭律师执业证书、律师事务所证明和委托书或者法律援助公函,有权会见犯罪嫌疑人、被告人并了解有关案件情况。律师会见犯罪嫌疑人、被告人,不被监听。
对比律师法上述规定与现行刑事诉讼法的异同,谈谈你的理解(好像是这样 10分)
二、98年司法解释规定:“严禁以非法的方法收集证据。凡经查证属实属于采用刑讯逼供或者威胁、引诱、欺骗、等非法的方法取得的证人证言、被害人陈述、被告人供述,不能作为定案的依据。”
请结合刑事诉讼法学和刑事诉讼证据学的理论谈谈对以上法条的理解(10分)
北京大学法学院2009年考研综合卷试题
宪法:
1.全国人大常委会专门委员会有哪些? 2.试论立法权的特征。行政法:
1.“法院审理行政案件,只对具体行政行为的合法性进行审查。”请谈谈对法条的理解。
2.行政行为的效力有哪些?请谈谈对这些效力的理解。民法:
简述“合同效力相对原则”及其适用例外。民事诉讼法:
简述民事诉讼当事人诉讼权利平等原则的内涵?为什么说该原则是民事诉讼法的基本性原则? 刑法:
1.简述教唆犯的特征及其处罚原则。2.案例分析:
被告人,黄翠华,女,48岁。2008年1月黄翠华来到A镇,结识王景山(盲人)后与其同住。王景山将其所有的5万元定期存折交由黄翠华保管,后来黄翠华得知存折密码就是王景山身份证最后六位数字。2008年3月,黄翠华在王景山熟睡的时候,将其身份证拿走,到银行凭定期存折、自己的和王景山的身份证将存折上的50120元钱取出。然后将王景山的身份证放回。王景山发现自己的身份证被人动过,遂向公安机关报案。2008年4月,黄翠华被警方抓获。黄翠华抓获后主动交代自己的犯罪过程。
问:黄翠华构成何种犯罪?如何量刑?(只要写明量刑原则即可)刑事诉讼法:
《刑事诉讼法》第162条第三款规定:“证据不足,不能认定被告人有罪的,应当作出证据不足、指控的犯罪不能成立的无罪判决。”请结合刑事诉讼法相关理论,谈谈对法条的理解。北京大学法学院2008年考研综合卷试题
宪法学
某作家出版某书对某宗教团体的所做所为予以批评,该宗教团体不满该书,到政府门前静坐示威,要求政府“给个说法”并禁止该书的出版发行。现你为政府法制局的工作人员,利用中外宪法学的知识进行分析,并给领导讲讲该如何处理此事。行政法
1、简述行政法上“比例原则”及其基本要求。
2、简述行政许可法上有关行政许可设定的有关规定。刑事诉讼法
1、一个德国法学家的一段论述,考察直接言辞原则,题目涉及直接言辞原则的含义,我国刑事诉讼法实践和规定在这方面的违背?
2、有关辩护律师阅卷权在现行刑事诉讼法上的具体规定、不足以及该如何完善? 刑法
1、简述犯罪未遂
2、简述正当防卫和紧急避险的区别
3、案例分析:
甲乙六人,高中毕业,待业两年,某日,通谋,携钢丝鞭往木场偷木。甲乙门外放风,余四人入内偷盗。为门卫丙丁发现,甲乙在门外以巨木顶门,使丙丁无法外出,并剪段断电话线,使丙丁无法报警。丙丁眼睁睁看原木(价值4000元)为余四人推出门外窃走,问:甲乙六人的刑事责任如何? 民事诉讼法:
1、给了一段材料,论述“一元钱官司”在民事诉讼上的合法性和合理性。
2、简述民事诉讼当事人的种类。民法:
1、何谓诚实信用原则?它的具体要求如何?它在民法上有何体现?
2、简述生命权、健康权、身体权的区别。
3、案例分析:
甲乙买卖房屋,乙已付钱,甲已交付乙房屋入住,但未办理房屋产权过户登记手续。后,甲为贷款与信用社订立抵押合同,以房屋做抵押,并办理抵押登记手续。甲未能到期还钱,信用社欲实行抵押权,卖房,乙不同意,认为其拥有所有权,发生争议。现问:
1、抵押合同是否有效?
2、乙与信用社谁有优先权,为什么?
3、乙该如何救济?
北京大学法学院2007年考研综合卷试题
宪法: 1、2003 年河南洛阳市中院法官李慧娟在一份判决书中写道:“。。。《河南省农作物种子管理条例》的部分规定与《种子法》相抵触的条款自然无效。。。”后来河南省高院虽然维持了李的判决,但在省高院和省人大常委会的过问下,洛阳中院党委免去了李的助理审判员和审判长的职务,并撤消了副庭长赵某的职务。此事后来引起很大争议。(20 分)请回答:
(1)从事实角度分析李在判决中宣布地方性法规无效的行为;(2)从程序角度分析李在判决中宣布地方性法规无效的行为;(3)根据以上分析,请你重拟一份判词;
(4)从宪法角度分析,洛阳中院的处理决定是否正确。
2、《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》里规定了“诚实守信”的原则,(15 分)请回答:
(1)诚实守信原则的基本价值和目标是什么;
(2)诚实守信原则的基本内涵。
3、行政诉讼法规定,对于“滥用职权”的行政行为,法院可以判决撤消。(15分)请回答:
(1)法院规定可以撤消“滥用职权”的行政行为,是否意味着法院可以审查行政行为的
(2)试列举“滥用职权”的主要表现形式,并分析为什么构成“滥用职权”。刑诉
4、根据我国刑诉法的规定,请对被害人在公诉程序、自诉程序和附带民事诉讼中的地位和权利进行比较分析。(12 分)
5、我国刑诉法规定:“对有证据证明有犯罪事实,可能判处有期徒刑以上刑罚的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人,采取取保候审、监视居住等方法,尚不足以防止社会危害性,而有逮捕必要的,应即依法逮捕。”请回答:(18 分)
(1)对逮捕的条件进行分析和评价;(2)我国刑诉中逮捕和羁押之间的关系。刑法
6、案例:(20 分)
甲乙去看朋友丙,丙正与丁打架,丙叫甲乙帮忙,甲乙上前与丙一道将丁打成重伤。甲乙丙在逃跑途中,劫持一少女,甲乙对少女实施奸淫,但因少女反抗而未得逞,然后丙又对少女实施奸淫,少女力竭,丙奸淫成功。随后甲乙丙丢下少女逃跑。少女因被强奸而精神恍惚,跌跌撞撞,掉入河里溺死。请分析此案应如何处理。
7、试述我国刑法对自首犯的量刑原则。(10 分)
8、试述聚众赌博的含义。(10 分)民事诉讼法
1.本证与反证10分
2.请分析民事诉讼法中和解、调解和审判的关系20分 民法
1.以内容为标准对民事权利进行分类10分
2.列出了民法通则和合同法中“显失公平”的法条,都可请求法院或仲裁机构变更或撤消。要求用 意思自治原则 与 公平原则 分析请求变更“显失公平”的民事行为15分
3.案例20分(记得是06年的司法考试的一道题目内容,但问题好象不一样)甲乙夫妻以共同财产建房屋一栋,到登记机关登记,由于登记工作人员的错误,只登记甲为所有人。甲后来把房屋买给了丙,付款后丙入住了,当双方没进行过户登记。后来乙主张自己有所有权。
(1)房屋买卖合同有没有效力
(2)受让人可否取得房屋所有权(3)各当事人如何保护各自的合法权益
北京大学法学院2006年考研综合卷试题
宪法
1、我国宪法上平等权的含义和种类 10分
2、我国全国人民代表大会的职权(列举5-8项)10分 行政法
3、论述:行政法上的信赖保护原则(20分)
4、我国中级人民法院受理的第一审行政案件(10分)刑事诉讼法
5、根据我国刑事诉讼法第47条关于证人证言的规定“证人证言必须在法庭上经过公诉人、被害人和被告人、辩护人双方讯问、质证,听取各方证人的证言并且经过查实以后,才能作为定案的根据。”(1)何谓证据能力?何谓证明力?结合证人证言谈谈两者之间关系(12分)(2)根据证人证言的特征,说说证人证言转化为定案依据的条件(8分)
6、被害人在公诉程序,自诉程序和附带民事诉讼程序法律地位的不同(10分)刑法
7、案例(30分)
2004年7月30日晚8点左右,肖天明(男,30岁,精神正常)搭乘耿宁出租车到某市郊外偏僻处下车,以钱被风吹走为理由骗耿下车后,趁耿不备,拿砖头猛砸耿的头部,并抢夺车钥匙。耿见状闪躲,只脸部被擦了2厘米左右伤痕。耿见肖弯腰再捡砖头之际,把肖推倒,逃上汽车,并准备倒车逃跑。此时肖拿着砖头,用手遮挡车的灯光,想再寻找耿。耿见状,倒转方向,开车往肖撞去。后肖经过救治。一腿截瘫。耿驾车逃跑。问两人行为如何在刑法上进行评价。
8、简述刑法上教唆犯的处罚原则(10分)民事诉讼法
5、普通程序特点(15分)
6、移送管辖与管辖权转移区别(15分)民法
7、表见代理的构成要件和效力(15分)
8、担保物权的特征(15分)
9、案例(15分)
甲公司经过联系,与乙公司达成关于购买进口红松原木的合同,约定价格1400元每吨,购买1000吨,并商定了其他相关事宜。甲公司按合同在约定日期支付乙公司140万元,乙公司也按时发货。但甲公司对货物进行商品检验时,发现是国产原木,质量要低些,市场价格大约1200元每吨。但考虑到国产原木也能进行生产,于是只想要回自己20万元差价损失,于是向你进行咨询。你会给他提供什么样的建议?甲公司认为乙是不当得利,你认为呢?并给出理由。
北京大学法学院2005年考研综合卷试题
宪法
1:简述我国选举制度的基本原则(10)2:谈谈我国2004宪法修正案规定“国家尊重和保障人权”的重大深远意义(10)行政法
1:论行政法是规范和控制行政权的法(20)2:案例:(10)A获得了5年期限的狩猎许可证,3年后颁发此证的S县政府因为环境保护的原因撤消此许可证,A不服,故向S县所属的D市中级人民法院提起行政诉讼:
问:1)S县的行为是否违法?为什么?
2)D市中级人民法院是否应该受理此行政诉讼?为什么? 刑事诉讼法:
1:述检察院在刑事诉讼中的监督作用并给予评论(15)2:为什么刑事逼供在刑事诉讼实践中屡禁不止?结合有关规定分析原因,并给予评论(15)刑法:
1:简述我国刑法对于教唆犯的处罚规定(15)
2:案例:李明(1985年1月8日出生)和孙洪斌(1973年8月出生,后因盗窃罪被判有期徒刑2年1995刑满释放),1999年1月8号晚10时许两人借了一把猎枪准备出去打狗,但没有打到,于是两人窜到村民张立东家偷鸡,孙进屋盗窃,李持猎枪在门外望风,孙刚偷了2只鸡,被张发现,张正要走出门,李往门口开了一枪,正中门框,于是孙趁机逃走,张发现地上有一丢失的枪托,于是在门旁守侯,后来李与孙发现枪托丢失,担心无法归还,于是决定回去寻找,刚走到张门口,张刚一起身,李于是向张开了一枪,正中头部,张因而死亡
(1)李与孙是否构成犯罪
(2)如果构成犯罪,应当如何量刑(只答量刑原则,不答具体量刑)(25)民法
2,简述违约责任的归责原则(10)3,简述物权变动的公示公信原则(15)4,论述民法的基本原则及相互关系(20)民诉
5,简述督促程序概念和特点(15)6,案例(15)
A向B借款8万元,B在到期后,向法院提出诉讼,出示了A的一张收条“等到今年年底生意盈利后,连本带利共付给10万元”。用司法解释和证明责任的原理分析A抗辩所应承担的证明责任。
(1)A抗辩说该字条不是B写的,签名属于伪造
(2)A说那八万元是和B合伙投资的,后图书生意失败亏损,两个人应承担共同责任。(3)A抗辩说该他的钱已还了
北京大学法学院2004年综合卷试题
宪法20分
1,请简述我国公民的基本权利-平等权的基本内容(10)2,辨析: 行宪政必有宪法,有宪法必有宪政(10)行政法30分
3,请简述我国行政法的基本原则--行政公正原则的基本内容(10)
4,辨析:我国公民、法人或其他组织认为行政主体的具体行政行为侵犯其人身权、财产权时,才可提起行政诉讼或申请行政复议(10)
5,案例10分
王某认为A县政府作出的撤消土地承包合同的行为侵犯自己权益,多次到县政府上访。县政府认为王扰乱公务,口头对其宣告拘留3天的行政处罚(无处罚决定书)。王不服,提起行政诉讼。
(1),A县政府行为是否合法?
(2),王欲诉讼,可向哪级法院提起? 刑法40分
6,请简述缓刑制度的概念和适用条件(10)
7,请谈谈对我国刑法13条关于犯罪概念的但书规定的理解(15)8,案例(15)
甲见乙旁有一摩托车(乙尚未发动),怀疑是偷来的,便装作认识问到”你到哪里去?“,乙以为甲是车主,弃车而逃。甲见四周无人,便欲据为己有,驶出一段距离后,被追来的车主抓获归案。问此案如何定性? 刑事诉讼法30分
12,(理论)为什么说刑事诉讼法是宪法的适用法
13,(法条分析题)试根据刑事诉讼法156和157条的规定,谈谈对我国证人作证制度的看法(10)
14,(基础知识题)简述我国刑事诉讼法中不起诉案件应履行的法律手续(10)
民法45分
3,物权与债权在效力上有何不同(10)
4,请比较过错责任、过错推定、无过错责任、公平责任的概念不同(10)5,什么是最高额抵押,它和一般抵押有何不同(10)6,案例
甲与乙签定一房屋买卖合同,甲交付房屋、乙支付价金,但未到民政部门登记。后甲将房屋转卖于丙,登记。但丙未支付价金。丙起诉甲,要求交付房屋,甲反诉丙,请求法院宣判甲丙合同无效。请提出你的意见并说明理由(15)民事诉讼法30分
7,请根据我国法律和司法解释的规定,谈谈我国上诉审的审理范围(8)8,案例(12)
甲主营业地在北京市,乙主营业地在东莞市,丙的车辆注册地在山东省。甲与乙签定购买瓷器瓶合同于广州市,约定乙将货物运至北京市交货,在石家庄乙与丙发生碰撞,货物损坏。
甲宣称乙交货不符,并请求宣告合同无效,乙反诉甲,要求支付剩余价款。(1)甲宣称乙交货不符,并请求宣告合同无效,哪些法院有管辖权?乙诉甲,要求支付剩余价款,哪些法院有管辖权?甲乙同时向有权法院起诉,如何处理?
(2),甲有无权利宣称乙交货不符,并请求宣告合同无效?
(3)丙参与诉讼,应处于何种地位?有无提出管辖权异议权利?有无独立提起请上诉的权利?
9,比较特别程序和一般程序的不同(10)北京大学法学院2003年考研综合卷试题
宪法与行政法
1.立法权的特征
2.简述行政诉讼可诉行为与不可诉行为的范围 3.简述行政行为的主要种类 刑法
1.我国刑法规定的正当防卫的条件是什么?(10分)2.刑法上的不作为的构成条件有哪些?(10分)2.案例
被告人李某,男,29岁,1993年4月20日因盗窃罪被判处有期徒刑3年,1996年4月19日刑满释放,无业。
1997年7月8日晚,被告人李某来到一昏暗僻静处时,看到前面有一妇女,便从后面摸上去,乘其不备将其击倒,在黑暗中扒解对方衣服时,才发现对方是男子。无奈与懊恼之下,李某见对方身上有一挎包,便冲对方脸部猛击一拳,然后携挎包逃离现场。回家后李某发现包内有500多元现金。后案发,公安机关将李某逮捕。
问:对被告人李某的行为应当如何论处?请说明理由。(20分)刑诉
1.我国《刑事诉讼法》第147条规定:“基层人民法院、中级人民法院审判第一审案件,应当由审判员三人或者由审判员和人民陪审员共三人组成合议庭进行,但是基层人民法院适用简易程序的案件可以由审判员一人独任审判。
高级人民法院、最高人民法院审判第一审案件,应当由审判员三人至七人或者由审判员和人民陪审员共三人至七人组成合议庭进行。
人民陪审员在人民法院执行职务,同审判员有同等的权利。
人民法院审判上诉和抗诉案件,由审判员三人至五人组成合议庭进行。问:请根据上述规定分析我国刑事诉讼中陪审制度的主要特点。2.简述逮捕的证据要求与定罪的证明之间的区别。
民法学
1,简述违约金的性质及其法律适用 2,简述债务承担的条件与效力 3,案例:
作家刘某受作协委托从事一文学作品创作,以当地著名人物张某为原型创作并发表一篇小说,名《沉重的十字架》。创作过程中刘某数度采访张某,张某将自己当初的日记等材料提供给刘某参考。小说中涉及张某当初与初恋情人的恋情等情节,属首次公开,张某的妻子及子女都从未知晓,故颇为震惊与气愤,家庭关系趋于紧张。张某认为刘某的行为侵犯了其合法权益,而刘某认为其并未构成侵权。现张某将刘某起诉到法院。
请分析本案的法律责任与处理意见,并说明理由。民事诉讼法学
1,民诉中各种审判程序的审判组织形式
2,试述我国民事审判程序与民事执行程序之间的关系
北京大学法学院2002年考研综合卷试题
刑法(30)一.简答(每题5分)1.不作为犯的特征及作为义务产生的原因.2.教唆犯的处罚规定
3.我国死刑政策及在中国刑法中的体现.4.巨额财产来源不明罪的立法价值.二.案例.1.关于中止犯,预备犯的.2.略.民法(30)1.代理的法律特征.2.合同的相对效力原则.3.无过错原则的立法缘由及价值.4.动产物权与不动产物权的区别.刑诉法(20)1.和去年那道题差不多了,今年把那个维护程序法尊严的法条扩展了一下, 问:何谓公正审判
.此法条的立法价值.2.当事人及我国刑诉法上当事人的种类.司法工作人员为何不是当事人.民诉法(20)1.无独立请求第三人在诉讼中的地位及原因.2.试述民诉法中再审制度的补救作用.3.还有一道忘记了,不过好象很简单的,大概一道概念性的题吧.以上均是凭回记忆,有的记得不是太清楚了,大体如上吧,知识点错不到哪里去,正规的题目还是等诸位夏天去法学院买了试卷再说吧.二.简答(每题7分)1.唐代中央的监察机构设置
2.大清律例,大清现行刑律,大清新刑律中的刑罚制度.宪法.(20)
一、《最高人民法院关于在刑事判决中不宜援引宪法作论罪科刑的依据的复函》(1955年7月30日),全文如下:
新疆自治区高级人民法院:
你院(55)刑二字第336号报告收悉。中华人民共和国宪法是我国国家的根本法,也是一切法律的“母法”。刘少奇委员长在关于中华人民共和国宪法草案的报告中指出:“它在我国国家生活的最重要的问题上,规定了什么样的事是合法的,或者是法定必须执行的,又规定了什么样的事是非法的,必须禁止的。”对刑事方面,它并不规定如何论罪科刑的问题,据此,我们同意你院的意见,在刑事判决中,宪法不宜引为论罪科刑的依据。
请运用宪法学理论评价这一司法解释?(8)
二、请叙述我国质询制度的有关内容。(12)行政法(30)1.行政法中的比例性原则.2.关于行政法中举证责任部分中一句法条的理解.(记不清了,红皮书中有)3.行政裁决及其特征.4.为什么说行政诉讼法是司法审查之法.北京大学法学院2001年考研综合卷试题
刑法:20分
一、试述我国刑法规定的正当防卫限度条件5分
二、简述我国刑法规定的主犯种类及其刑事责任5分
三、简述徇私枉法罪的概念和构成要件5分
四、案例分析
李某深夜潜入本单位财务室,意图盗窃保险柜中的财务。李用尽了各种方法,也未能将保险柜打开,感到十分沮丧。正要离开时,恰逢保安员巡逻到此。保安员发现财务室的门虚掩,即进去看看,与李某对个正着。李某用撬棍将保安员打昏后逃走。回到家中后,李某恐保安员醒来后认出自己,就拿了一把匕首,欲将保安员杀死灭口。刚刚返回单位大门,即被接到报案赶来的公安人员抓获。
问:对李某的行为应当如何论处?请说明理由。5分 民法:20分
一、名词解释2分*5
1、合伙
2、他物权
3、表见代理
4、预期违约
5、善意取得
二、简答5分*2 1效力未定的民事行为与可变更撤消的民事行为的区别
2、抵押权和质权的区别 刑事诉讼法 15分
一、我国刑法第395条规定“国家工作人员的财产和支出明显超过合法收入,差额巨大的,可以责令说明来源,本人不能说明其来源是合法的,差额部分以非法所得论。请结合这一规定,回答下列问题:8分
1、刑事诉讼中证明责任的一般分配原则是什么?
2、在”巨额财产来源不明“案件中,被告人应否承担证明责任?如果应当承担,被告人与公诉人是如何分担证明责任的?
二、我国刑事诉讼法第191条规定”第二审人民法院发现第一审人民法院的审理有下列违反法律规定的诉讼程序的情形之一的,应当裁定撤消原判,发回原审人民法院重新审判:
(一)违反本法有关公开审判的规定的
(二)违反回避制度的
(三)剥夺或者限制了当事人的法定诉讼权利,可能影响公正审判的:„„ 请结合这一条文,回答下列问题7分
1、你对第一审法院违反法律程序的法律后果是如何理解的?
2、本条的规定对于维护程序法的尊严有何意义? 民事诉讼法15分
一、简述民事审判权与管辖权两者之间的关系5分
二、如何认识当事人的陈述?5分
三、民事诉讼中的反诉的构成要件是什么?5分 行政法与行政诉讼法
一、填空题1分*15
1、现代西方资本主义国家不得不增设行政机构和人员,行政权力急剧膨胀,而且行政机关还被赋予了准立法权和准司法权,打破了原来的分权体制和法律结构,这种现代国家被称为--
2、行政机关对经济活动行使广泛的管制权,其中对经济活动的准入控制在行政法学上称为--权
3、中国行政立法的征求意见和协商基本上属于内部程序,不具有典型的现代行政程序的特征,因为利益相关人的参与是由行政机关随意决定的,没有上升为相关人的--4 《宪法》第108条规定,“县级以上的地方各级人民政府有权改变或者撤消所属各工作部门和下级人民政府的不适当的决定”。这里的不适当从《--》的第一条和整个立法精神可以看出,应当理解为包括违法和不当。《婚姻登记管理条例》第11条规定,“婚姻登记机关对当事人的结婚申请进行审查,符合结婚条件的,应当即时予以登记,发给结婚证。”这种对行政机关职权的规定既是授权更是设定义务,用行政法学的专业术语来说,行政机关没有根据形势和政策进行--的余地。
6、受到行政罚款的当事人到期不缴纳罚款的,行政机关可以每日按罚款数额的3%加处罚款,后一个每日3%的罚款从其目的看属于行政法学上所谓的--罚。
7、非个人化是官僚制的一个特点,任何人执行法律秩序所规定的植物,都是一个--
8、对公务员的行政处分由任免机关或者--机关决定。
9、国家赔偿责任背后的理论是--原则,它取代了原来的主权理论,这样降低了公民个人的风险,也更公平。
10、《行政诉讼法》第18条规定的原告所在地,包括原告户籍所在地、经常居住地_和。
11、行政诉讼原告不限于行政行为的直接相对人,而包括所有与具体行政行为有--的公民、法人和其他组织。
12、规章授权行使行政职权的行政机关内设机构超出授权乏味实施行政行为,当事人起诉应当以--为被告。
13、被诉具体行政行为依法不成立或者无效的,人民法院应当作出--的判决
14、原告起诉要求撤消一个行政行为,人民法院经审查认为该行为合法,但因法律或者政策变化需要变更或者废止的,人民法院应当判决--
15、人民法院认为地方人民政府制定的规章与部委规章之间不一致的,有最高人民法院送请--作出解释或裁决。
二、辨析题 判断并分析以下命题:
1、只要相对人违反行政管理的法律秩序,就应当受到行政处罚。5分
2、禁止翻供的原则不适用于行政机关5分
3、行政诉讼体现了司法权对行政权的不信任与必要尊重。5分.宪法学
1宪法第67条第7项规定:全国人大常委会只能撤消而不能改变国务院制定的同宪法和法律相抵触的行政法规,决定和命令。宪法这样规定的理由(5)2..为什么说言论自由在政治自由中居于首要地位?(5)3香港基本法规定,行政长官由永久性居民中在外国无居留权的中国公民担任;澳门基本法规定,行政长官在任职期间不得有在外国的居留权。试比较这两种规定的异同。5 4简述我国政党制度的基本内容 5 5.我国各级人大常委会正在试行对司法机关的个案监督。你认为:10 1.个案监督是否必要?为什么?
2个案监督是否合宪?如合宪,其宪法依据是什么? 3.个案监督有何利弊?
北京大学法学院2000年考研综合卷试题
行政法与行政诉讼法
一、试述行政处罚设定权之规定。(8分)
二、与《条例》相比较,《行政复议法》在受案范围方面有何具体变化?对行政审判将有何影响?(7分)
三、如何理解行政诉讼本质上是一种司法审查制度?(7分)
四、试述行政诉讼之判决种类及其适用条件。(8分)民事诉讼法(共15分)
一、何谓除权判决?(5分)
二、诉讼请求与诉讼标的有何联系和区别?(5分)
三、涉外民事诉讼中有哪些案件属于我国人民法院专属管辖?(5分)刑事诉讼法(共15分)
一、试就刑事自诉程序与刑事简易程序作一简要比较。(7分)
二、刑事诉讼法第150条规定:“人民法院对提起公诉的案件进行审查后,对于起诉书有明确的指控犯罪事实并且附有证据目录、证人名单和主要证据复印件或者照片的,应当决定开庭审判。”请问:该条文的规定对我国审判方式的改革产生了哪些影响?有何意义?(8分)民法(共20分)
一、简述设立监护制度的目的,并针对《民法通则》对设立监护人的主要规定,提出两条以上法律改进的意见。(5分)
二、什么是相邻关系?处理相邻关系应遵循哪些原则?(5分)
三、什么是债?举例说明产生债的主要法律事实。(5分)
四、法定继承中遗产分配的规则体现了我国继承法的哪些基本原则?(5分)刑法(共20分)
一、选择题(从备选答案中选出一个或数个正确答案,少选或多选均不给分)(每题1分,共12分)
1、我国刑法明文规定的刑法基本原则有(B C D)
A、罪责自负原则 B、罪刑法定原则 C、刑法面前人人平等 D、罪责刑相适应原则 E、主客观相统一原则
2、我国刑法第12条关于刑法溯及既往的效力的规定采取的是(D)A、从旧原则 B、从新原则 C、从轻原则 D、从旧兼从轻原则 E、从新兼从轻原则
3、根据我国刑法第17条的规定,已满14周岁不满16周岁的人实施下列行为应当负刑事责任的有(ACDF)
A、故意杀人 B、故意伤害 C、强奸 D、抢劫 E、绑架 F、贩卖毒品 G、盗窃
4、正当防卫与防卫过当区别的界限在于(D)
A、防卫行为超过必要限度 B、防卫行为是否明显超过必要限度
C、防卫行为是否造成严重损害 D、防卫行为是否明显超过必要限度并且造成严重损害 E、防卫行为是否适时
5、我国刑法规定的已经着手实行犯罪,是指行为人已经开始实行(A)A、刑法分则规定的某一具体犯罪构成客观要件的行为 B、刑法规定的犯罪行为 C、准备犯罪工具的行为 D、窥探作案现场的行为
6、某甲与某乙有仇,企图借他人之手杀死某乙。一天,某甲故意将装好子弹的猎枪交给某丙,并骗丙说枪中没有子弹,叫丙向乙空枪瞄准射击以使乙受惊吓。结果乙中弹身亡。某甲、某丙的行为属于(C)
A、共同故意杀人罪 B、共同过失致人死亡罪 C、不属于共同犯罪
7、区分一罪与数罪的标准是(C)
A、犯罪行为的个数 B、犯罪结果的个数 C、犯罪构成的个数 D、犯罪对象的个数 E、犯罪意图的个数
8、我国刑法规定的死刑只适用于(B)的犯罪分子。A、罪大恶极 B、罪行极其严重 C、不杀不足以平民愤 D、主观恶性极其严重
9、某国家机关财务室出纳李某与无业人员王某相勾结,共同盗窃财务室保管的现金。一天晚上,李某用持有的财务室钥匙打开财务室大门,并在门口望风,王某进入财务室撬开了保险柜,窃取现金20000多元。然后二人又伪造窃贼翻窗而入的现场。李某、王某的行为构成(A)。
A、王某的行为构成盗窃罪,李某的行为以盗窃罪的共犯论处 B、李某的行为构成贪污罪,王某的行为以贪污罪的共犯论处 C、李某的行为构成贪污罪,王某的行为构成盗窃罪 D、共同诈骗罪
10、受贿罪侵犯的客体是(AB)A、国家机关的正常管理活动 B、公私财产权利
C、国家机关的正常管理活动 D、国家工作人员职务行为的廉洁性
11、下列刑罚方法中属于我国刑法规定的主刑的是:(ABD)A、死刑 B、有期徒刑 C、罚金 D、拘役 E、没收财产
12、根据我国刑法第269条之规定,犯罪分子犯盗窃、诈骗、抢夺诈骗罪而转化为抢劫罪的条件是(BDF)
A、实施了已经构成犯罪的盗窃、诈骗、抢夺行为 B、实施了盗窃、诈骗、抢夺行为 C、使用暴力或以暴力相威胁 D、当场使用暴力或以暴力相威胁
E、使用暴力或以暴力相威胁的目的是为了继续犯罪
F、使用暴力活以暴力相威胁的目的是为了抗拒逮捕、窝藏赃物、毁灭罪证
二、简述题(每题4分,共8分)
1、简述共同犯罪中主犯的种类 及其刑事责任。
2、简述我国刑法规定的贪污罪的构成特征。宪法学(共30分)
一、有权向全国人大常委会提出议案的主体有哪些?(10分)
二、如何理解香港基本法的法律地位?(10分)
三、某大学仅以相貌丑陋为由拒绝录取已达到该校录取分数线的某甲,后来在新闻媒体的呼吁下,某甲被另一所大学录取。请问:某甲的什么宪法权利受到了侵犯?你认为某甲可以通过什么法律途径来维护自己的宪法权利?(10分)北京大学法学院1999年考研综合卷试题
刑法学(共20分)
一、名词解释(每题2.5分,共5分)
1、犯罪中止
2、侵占罪
二、填空题(每题1分,共5分)
1、已满14周岁不满16周岁的人,犯故意杀人、故意伤害致人重伤或者死亡、强奸、抢劫、(贩毒)、放火、爆炸、投毒罪的,应当负刑事责任。
2、刑事责任的归责要素有:主观恶性、客观危害以及(责任能力)。
3、死刑只适用于(罪行极其严重)的犯罪分子。
4、虚开增值税专用发票或者虚开用于骗取出口退税、抵扣税款的其他发票,是指有为他人虚开、为自己虚开、(让他人为自己虚开)、介绍他人虚开行为之一的。
5、邮政工作人员私自开拆或者隐匿、毁弃邮件、电报而窃取财物的,依照(盗窃罪)定罪从重处罚。
三、简答题(每题5分,共10分)
1、试述我国刑法关于主犯的种类以及承担刑事责任的规定。
2、简述信用证诈骗罪在客观方面的行为类型。刑事诉讼法学(共15分)
1、根据刑事诉讼法第191条的规定:第二审人民法院发现第一审人民法院的审理有违反法律规定的诉讼程序的情形的,应当裁定撤消原则,发回原审人民法院重新审判。请问:该条所说的情形主要有哪些?法律为什么作此规定?(8分)
2、根据刑事诉讼法第142条的规定,对于犯罪情节轻微,依照刑法不需要判处刑罚或者免除刑罚的,人民检察院可以作出不起诉决定。请问:该条所说的不起诉的实质和法律后果是什么?法律为什么作此规定?(7分)民法学(共20分)
一、名词解释(每题2分,共6分)
1、附条件的法律行为
2、无因管理
3、婚姻终止
二、简答题(共14分)
1、法人的民事权利能力有什么特点?(4分)
2、无权代理有什么法律后果?(5分)
3、什么是作品的合理使用?举3个离子说明作品的合理使用。(5分)民事诉讼法学(共15分)
1、为什么说“法定诉讼代理权的发生,完全是基于法律的规定,与被代理人的意愿无关,与代理人的意愿也无关。”(5分)
2、说明法院主管与管辖的关系。(5分)
3、不予受理与驳回起诉有何区别。(5分)刑事诉讼法学(15分)
1、根据1996年3月修改后的刑事诉讼法的规定,人民检察院在哪些情况下可以作出不起诉的决定?对于这些不起诉的决定,该法规定了哪些制约措施?(5分)
2、在刑事诉讼过程中,人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关在哪些情况下应当终止诉讼的进程?在哪些情况下,它们应当分别作出哪几种决定?(5分)
3、某人民法院对被告人张某涉嫌抢劫一案,经过认真审理,认定检查官指控被告人有罪的关键证据--证人证言、书证、物证等已达到确实充分的程度。但是,被告人在整个审判过程中始终保持沉默。请问:人民法院能否对被告人张某定罪判刑?为什么?(5分)
行政法与行政诉讼法学(共30分)
一、名词解释(每题2分,共10分)
1、行政职责
2、行政主体
3、特别授权立法
4、行政裁决
5、行政追偿
二、简答题(共20分)
1、行政处罚与刑罚的区别。(5分)
2、行政监督检查的特征。(5分)
3、如何理解司法审查中的“参照规章”?(4分)
4、如何理解“人民法院审理行政案件,对具体行政行为的合法性进行审查”?(6分)
宪法学(共30分)
1、试述美国1803年马伯里诉麦迪逊案件的主要内容。(10分)
2、试述司法权的特点。(10分)
3、试述我国公民权利与国家权力之间基本关系的内容。(10分)北京大学法学院1998年考研综合卷试题
刑法学(共20分)
一、名词解释(每题2.5分,共5分)
1、犯罪集团
2、集资诈骗罪
二、填空题(每空1分,共5分)
1、判处罚金,应当根据()决定罚金数额。
2、犯罪后自首又有()表现的,应当减轻或者免除处罚。
3、在国家机关、国有公司、企业、集体企业和人民团体管理、使用或者()中的私人财产,以公有财产论。
4、收买被拐卖的妇女、儿童又出卖的,依照()定罪处罚。
5、走私、()、运输、制造毒品,无论数量多少,都应当追究刑事责任,予以刑事处罚。
三、简答题(每题5分,共10分)
1、试述撤销假释的根据。
2、我国新修订的《刑法》所规定的“持有型罪名”有哪几个? 民法学(共20分)
一、概述下列概念之间的区别(12分,每题3分)
1、人格权与身份权
2、诺成法律行为与实践法律行为
3、代位继承与转继承
4、相邻权与邻接权
二、简答题(8分,每题4分)
1、简述职务侵权的概念、主体、范围及责任。
2、简述民事法律行为的生效要件。民事诉讼法学(共15分)
1、辩论原则的设立有何意义?辩论的内容有哪些?(7分)
2、如何理解执行和解的效力?(8分)行政法部分(15分)
一、填空题(每空1分,共7分)
1、国务院有权规定中央和省、自治区、直辖市的国家行政机关的职权的()。
2、复议机关审理复议案件,以法律、行政法规、地方性法规、规章,以及()依法制定和发布的()为依据。
3、违法行为在()年内未被发现的,不再给予行政处罚。
4、《国家赔偿法》第五条规定:国家不对行政机关工作人员的()行为承担赔偿责任。
5、对到期不纳税款者,罚以滞纳金,以促使其纳税,这种措施在行政法学上称为()。
6、行政公开是现代行政法的一个基本要求,它旨在保障公民的()权。
二、简答题(共2题,每题4分)
1、现代行政程序法普遍要求行政机关作出行政决定时说明决定的理由,试述该程序规则的价值。
2、宪法第八条规定,国务院“根据宪法和法律,„„制定行政法规”,请阐述“根据宪法和法律”这一条件的内涵。行政诉讼法(15分)
一、填空题(每空1分,共6分)
1、新中国的行政诉讼最初由1982年制定的()作出规定。
2、对法律规定由行政机关()的具体行政行为提起的诉讼,人民法院不予受理。
3、海关行政案件的上诉审一般由()人民法院管辖。
4、在我国,行政合同案件目前由人民法院的()庭审理。
5、复议机关改变原具体行政行为所认定的事实的,()是被告。
6、对行政机关与非行政机关共同署名作出的决定不服提起行政诉讼的,人民法院可以通知非行政机关作为()参加诉讼。
二、简答题(共二题)
1、简述行政诉讼期间具体行政行为的执行力。(4分)
2、试述合理性原则在我国行政诉讼中的体现。(5分)宪法学(每题10分,共30分)
一、我国如何规定宗教信仰的政策?
二、试述我国国务院的性质和组成。
三、简述现代国家结构形式的主要种类和特征
北京大学法学院1997年考研应用法学综合卷试题
刑法学
一、名词解释(每题2.5分,共10分)
1、间接故意
2、想象竞合犯
3、刑事责任
4、自首
二、简述题(每题5分,共10分)
1、我国刑法是如何体现对主犯从重处罚的?
2、简述金融票据诈骗罪在客观方面的行为类型。刑事诉讼法学
一、修改后的刑事诉讼法对基本原则的规定增加了哪些新内容?(7分)
二、刑事诉讼的被告人有哪些诉讼权利?(8分)民法学
一、填空题(每题1分,共10分)
1、我国民法调整的社会关系是平等主体之间的财产关系和人身关系,因而(平等原则)必然贯穿我国民法始终。
2、代理人在代理权限内,有权(独立)进行意思表示。
3、债权人有权要求债务人按合同的约定或者(法律的规定)履行义务。
4、附期限的民事行为,在所附期限到来时(生效或解除)。
5、合伙经营期间发生亏损,退伙人已分担了合伙债务,退伙人对其参加合伙期间的全部债务(承担无限连带)责任。
6、保证人保证范围不明确的,推定保证人对(全部债务)承担保证责任。
7、侵权的民事责任,是指因违反了民事义务,侵害了财产所有权(包括经营管理权),人身权或()而产生的民事责任。
8、著作权法保护的作品应当符合两个条件:①具有独创性;②()。
9、为(争夺遗产)而杀害其他继承人的,则丧失继承权。
10、无国籍人的民事行为能力,一般适用其定居国法律,如未定居的(适用居住地)法律。
二、简答题(共10分)
1、如何认定胁迫行为?(3分)
2、为维护国家、集体或他人合法权益而使自己受到损害,侵害人无力赔偿或者没有侵害人的情况下,受害人的损害能否得到补救?应由谁来补救?为什么?(4分)
3、土地、山岭、森林、草原、荒地、滩涂、水面等自然资源的所有权或使用权权属发生争议和因侵权发生纠纷,应由什么机关负责处理?(3分)民事诉讼法学
一、举例说明民事诉讼法律关系发生、变更、消灭的原因。(4分)
二、法院制作的生效调解书有何效力。(5分)
三、如何认识督促程序中的支付令。(6分)行政法学与行政诉讼法学
一、名词解释(每词2分,共6分)
1、行政处分
2、行政司法
3、行政指导
二、简述题(每题5分,共15分)
1、监督行政法律关系与行政法律关系的联系和区别。
2、行政程序的主要制度。
3、如何理解起诉不停止具体行政行为的执行。
三、案例分析(9分)
某国家机关综合处处长李某利用出国考察的机会,从国外带回
若干违禁物品,受到海关罚款1000元的行政处罚。其所在机关了解情况后,又给予其撤职行政处分。李某不服,认为处罚、处分太重,便分别以海关和所在行政机关为被告,向法院提起行政诉讼,要求撤销上述处罚和处分。试析:
1、人民法院应否受理李某的诉讼,为什么?
2、法院如可受理李某提起的两项诉讼请求或其中的一项,那么何地何级法院享有审判管辖权,为什么?
3、受诉法院审理后,可能作出哪几种形式的判决?并分别说明各自适用的条件。宪法学
一、试比较美国和德国的违宪审查制度。(15分)
二、我国法律规定戒严的决定权属于谁?谁执行戒严任务?(15分)
第四篇:北京大学法学研究生历年真题
2011年综合卷
1、我国现行宪法规定的公民基本权利有哪些?(10分)
2、我国现行宪法涉及诉讼程序的相关规范有哪些?(10分)
3、可以设定和不可以设定的行政许可事项。(18分)
4、结合行政处罚法的规定和行政管理实践,谈谈行政处罚应遵循的原则(12分)
5、侵权法第十条 二人以上实施危及他人人身、财产安全的行为,其中一人或者数人的行为造成他人损害,能够确定具体侵权人的,由侵权人承担责任;不能确定具体侵权人的,行为人承担连带责
任。分析该法条并举例说明。
6、甲于2010年7月8日向乙银行贷款600万,贷款后乙银行由于工作效率低下,抵押登记未及时交与房屋登记机构。甲因资金周转困难,于2010年8月1日与丙订立房屋买卖合同,将房屋600万出售给丙,并于2010年8月10日过户,丙仅支付200万后没有继续支付。乙银行于8月16日提交房屋抵押登记申请。后甲起诉丙,要求丙继续支付剩余价款,乙反诉,认为甲隐瞒事实,合同无效,甲应该返还200万元。
(1)法院是否应该支持甲的诉讼请求?为什么?(2)法院是否应该支持丙的诉讼请求?为什么?(3)房屋是否应根据乙银行的诉讼请求办理抵押登记手续?
7、结合民事诉讼法,举5个例子说明处分原则在民事诉讼中的表现。
8、无独立请求权第三人与被告有何不同?
9、自首犯的量刑原则。
10、王某为成年人,2005年5月因盗窃罪入狱8个月,2006年4月因抢劫被捕,姚张为成年人,同伙,23月冒充保安抢劫8起,共23万元。抢劫中,王某强奸妇女一人。2006年3月14日,王某在大街上持刀殴打李某,黄某,李某奋起反击打向王某,但不行打到同伴黄某,王某到案后,带公安抓获同案犯张某,如何处理该案件,并说明理由。(20分)
11.“严格按照法定程序办案,不仅有利于保护犯罪嫌疑人、被害人的合法权益,而且有利于保护执法
者本身”如何理解这句话?(10分)
12、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部关于办理刑事案件排除非法证
据若干问题的规定 :
第一条 采用刑讯逼供等非法手段取得的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人供述和采用暴力、威胁等非法手段取得的证人证言、被害人陈述,属于非法言词证据。
第二条 经依法确认的非法言词证据,应当予以排除,不能作为定案的根据。
第十四条 物证、书证的取得明显违反法律规定,可能影响公正审判的,应当予以补正或者作出合理解释,否则,该物证、书证不能作为定案的根据。
根据刑事证据学谈谈你的理解。
北京大学法学院2010年考研综合卷试题
宪法
案例题:某行政机关在某次打黄扫非行动中公布的一张照片一起了广泛争议。“光头”警察抓住一“卖淫女”的头发,“卖淫女”双手护胸,一脸惶恐,而她的衣服就在一边。旁边还有嫖客一干人等。请结合宪法条文:
(1)公布“卖淫女”裸照是否违法,说明理由(5分)
(2)“光头”警察对“卖淫女”的行为是否违法,说明理由(15分)行政法
一、行政处罚法37条规定:行政机关在调查或者进行检查时,执法人员不得少于两人,并应当向当事人或者有关人员出示证件。当事人或者有关人员应当如实回答询问,并协助调查或者检查,不得阻挠。询问或者检查应当制作笔录。请分析下列两种情况是否违反该规定:(1)某交警只身一人,上前查问逆向行驶的司机,并作出行政处罚(5分)(2)在“黑车”车主的主动招揽下,某城管执法人员独自一人着便衣,上车之后暗中录音并据以作出行政处罚。(大概是这样,有几句不记得了 15分好像是)
二、某乡政府发出通知《关于禁止买卖虎牌化肥的通知》称:因为虎牌化肥存在质量缺陷(或者是说有毒),在本乡范围之内,禁止买卖。问:该通知是具体行政行为还是抽象行政行为,请说明理由。(10分)民事诉讼法
一、民事诉讼和民商事仲裁的区别(10分)
二、我国各种审判程序当中审判组织的区别(10分)民法
一、结合物权法,试述建筑物区分所有权(15分)
二、结合合同法,试述违约责任和缔约过失责任的关系(15分)刑法
一、简答题
1、罪刑法定原则的基本含义(4分)
2、自然人成为犯罪主体的条件(4分)
二、论述题
1、主犯的概念、种类、刑事责任(8分)
2、简述我国刑法中“从重处罚”“从轻处罚”“减轻处罚”的含义(6分)
三、案例
甲酒后驾车蹭到乙的车,逃跑过车中接连撞死三人。问对甲如何定罪。(8分)刑事诉讼法
一、律师法第三十三条规定:犯罪嫌疑人被侦查机关第一次讯问或者采取强制措施之日起,受委托的律师凭律师执业证书、律师事务所证明和委托书或者法律援助公函,有权会见犯罪嫌疑人、被告人并了解有关案件情况。律师会见犯罪嫌疑人、被告人,不被监听。
对比律师法上述规定与现行刑事诉讼法的异同,谈谈你的理解(好像是这样 10分)
二、98年司法解释规定:“严禁以非法的方法收集证据。凡经查证属实属于采用刑讯逼供或者威胁、引诱、欺骗、等非法的方法取得的证人证言、被害人陈述、被告人供述,不能作为定案的依据。”
请结合刑事诉讼法学和刑事诉讼证据学的理论谈谈对以上法条的理解(10分)
北京大学法学院2009年考研综合卷试题
宪法:
1.全国人大常委会专门委员会有哪些?
2.试论立法权的特征。行政法:
1.“法院审理行政案件,只对具体行政行为的合法性进行审查。”请谈谈对法条的理解。
2.行政行为的效力有哪些?请谈谈对这些效力的理解。民法:
简述“合同效力相对原则”及其适用例外。民事诉讼法:
简述民事诉讼当事人诉讼权利平等原则的内涵?为什么说该原则是民事诉讼法的基本性原则? 刑法:
1.简述教唆犯的特征及其处罚原则。
2.案例分析:
被告人,黄翠华,女,48岁。2008年1月黄翠华来到A镇,结识王景山(盲人)后与其同住。王景山将其所有的5万元定期存折交由黄翠华保管,后来黄翠华得知存折密码就是王景山身份证最后六位数字。2008年3月,黄翠华在王景山熟睡的时候,将其身份证拿走,到银行凭定期存折、自己的和王景山的身份证将存折上的50120元钱取出。然后将王景山的身份证放回。王景山发现自己的身份证被人动过,遂向公安机关报案。2008年4月,黄翠华被警方抓获。黄翠华抓获后主动交代自己的犯罪过程。
问:黄翠华构成何种犯罪?如何量刑?(只要写明量刑原则即可)刑事诉讼法:
《刑事诉讼法》第162条第三款规定:“证据不足,不能认定被告人有罪的,应当作出证据不足、指控的犯罪不能成立的无罪判决。”请结合刑事诉讼法相关理论,谈谈对法条的理解。北京大学法学院2008年考研综合卷试题
宪法学
某作家出版某书对某宗教团体的所做所为予以批评,该宗教团体不满该书,到政府门前静坐示威,要求政府“给个说法”并禁止该书的出版发行。现你为政府法制局的工作人员,利用中外宪法学的知识进行分析,并给领导讲讲该如何处理此事。行政法
1、简述行政法上“比例原则”及其基本要求。
2、简述行政许可法上有关行政许可设定的有关规定。刑事诉讼法
1、一个德国法学家的一段论述,考察直接言辞原则,题目涉及直接言辞原则的含义,我国刑事诉讼法实践和规定在这方面的违背?
2、有关辩护律师阅卷权在现行刑事诉讼法上的具体规定、不足以及该如何完善? 刑法
1、简述犯罪未遂
2、简述正当防卫和紧急避险的区别
3、案例分析:
甲乙六人,高中毕业,待业两年,某日,通谋,携钢丝鞭往木场偷木。甲乙门外放风,余四人入内偷盗。为门卫丙丁发现,甲乙在门外以巨木顶门,使丙丁无法外出,并剪段断电话线,使丙丁无法报警。丙丁眼睁睁看原木(价值4000元)为余四人推出门外窃走,问:甲乙六人的刑事责任如何? 民事诉讼法:
1、给了一段材料,论述“一元钱官司”在民事诉讼上的合法性和合理性。
2、简述民事诉讼当事人的种类。民法:
1、何谓诚实信用原则?它的具体要求如何?它在民法上有何体现?
2、简述生命权、健康权、身体权的区别。
3、案例分析:
甲乙买卖房屋,乙已付钱,甲已交付乙房屋入住,但未办理房屋产权过户登记手续。后,甲为贷款与信用社订立抵押合同,以房屋做抵押,并办理抵押登记手续。甲未能到期还钱,信用社欲实行抵押权,卖房,乙不同意,认为其拥有所有权,发生争议。现问:
1、抵押合同是否有效?
2、乙与信用社谁有优先权,为什么?
3、乙该如何救济?
北京大学法学院2007年考研综合卷试题
宪法: 1、2003 年河南洛阳市中院法官李慧娟在一份判决书中写道:“。。。《河南省农作物种子管理条例》的部分规定与《种子法》相抵触的条款自然无效。。。”后来河南省高院虽然维持了李的判决,但在省高院和省人大常委会的过问下,洛阳中院党委免去了李的助理审判员和审判长的职务,并撤消了副庭长赵某的职务。此事后来引起很大争议。(20 分)请回答:
(1)从事实角度分析李在判决中宣布地方性法规无效的行为;(2)从程序角度分析李在判决中宣布地方性法规无效的行为;(3)根据以上分析,请你重拟一份判词;
(4)从宪法角度分析,洛阳中院的处理决定是否正确。
2、《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》里规定了“诚实守信”的原则,(15 分)请回答:
(1)诚实守信原则的基本价值和目标是什么;
(2)诚实守信原则的基本内涵。
3、行政诉讼法规定,对于“滥用职权”的行政行为,法院可以判决撤消。(15分)请回答:
(1)法院规定可以撤消“滥用职权”的行政行为,是否意味着法院可以审查行政行为的
(2)试列举“滥用职权”的主要表现形式,并分析为什么构成“滥用职权”。刑诉
4、根据我国刑诉法的规定,请对被害人在公诉程序、自诉程序和附带民事诉讼中的地位和权利进行比较分析。(12 分)
5、我国刑诉法规定:“对有证据证明有犯罪事实,可能判处有期徒刑以上刑罚的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人,采取取保候审、监视居住等方法,尚不足以防止社会危害性,而有逮捕必要的,应即依法逮捕。”请回答:(18 分)
(1)对逮捕的条件进行分析和评价;(2)我国刑诉中逮捕和羁押之间的关系。刑法
6、案例:(20 分)
甲乙去看朋友丙,丙正与丁打架,丙叫甲乙帮忙,甲乙上前与丙一道将丁打成重伤。甲乙丙在逃跑途中,劫持一少女,甲乙对少女实施奸淫,但因少女反抗而未得逞,然后丙又对少女实施奸淫,少女力竭,丙奸淫成功。随后甲乙丙丢下少女逃跑。少女因被强奸而精神恍惚,跌跌撞撞,掉入河里溺死。请分析此案应如何处理。
7、试述我国刑法对自首犯的量刑原则。(10 分)
8、试述聚众赌博的含义。(10 分)民事诉讼法
1.本证与反证10分
2.请分析民事诉讼法中和解、调解和审判的关系20分 民法
1.以内容为标准对民事权利进行分类10分
2.列出了民法通则和合同法中“显失公平”的法条,都可请求法院或仲裁机构变更或撤消。要求用 意思自治原则 与 公平原则 分析请求变更“显失公平”的民事行为15分
3.案例20分(记得是06年的司法考试的一道题目内容,但问题好象不一样)甲乙夫妻以共同财产建房屋一栋,到登记机关登记,由于登记工作人员的错误,只登记甲为所有人。甲后来把房屋买给了丙,付款后丙入住了,当双方没进行过户登记。后来乙主张自己有所有权。
(1)房屋买卖合同有没有效力
(2)受让人可否取得房屋所有权(3)各当事人如何保护各自的合法权益
北京大学法学院2006年考研综合卷试题
宪法
1、我国宪法上平等权的含义和种类 10分
2、我国全国人民代表大会的职权(列举5-8项)10分 行政法
3、论述:行政法上的信赖保护原则(20分)
4、我国中级人民法院受理的第一审行政案件(10分)
刑事诉讼法
5、根据我国刑事诉讼法第47条关于证人证言的规定“证人证言必须在法庭上经过公诉人、被害人和被告人、辩护人双方讯问、质证,听取各方证人的证言并且经过查实以后,才能作为定案的根据。”(1)何谓证据能力?何谓证明力?结合证人证言谈谈两者之间关系(12分)(2)根据证人证言的特征,说说证人证言转化为定案依据的条件(8分)
6、被害人在公诉程序,自诉程序和附带民事诉讼程序法律地位的不同(10分)刑法
7、案例(30分)
2004年7月30日晚8点左右,肖天明(男,30岁,精神正常)搭乘耿宁出租车到某市郊外偏僻处下车,以钱被风吹走为理由骗耿下车后,趁耿不备,拿砖头猛砸耿的头部,并抢夺车钥匙。耿见状闪躲,只脸部被擦了2厘米左右伤痕。耿见肖弯腰再捡砖头之际,把肖推倒,逃上汽车,并准备倒车逃跑。此时肖拿着砖头,用手遮挡车的灯光,想再寻找耿。耿见状,倒转方向,开车往肖撞去。后肖经过救治。一腿截瘫。耿驾车逃跑。问两人行为如何在刑法上进行评价。
8、简述刑法上教唆犯的处罚原则(10分)
民事诉讼法
5、普通程序特点(15分)
6、移送管辖与管辖权转移区别(15分)
民法
7、表见代理的构成要件和效力(15分)
8、担保物权的特征(15分)
9、案例(15分)
甲公司经过联系,与乙公司达成关于购买进口红松原木的合同,约定价格1400元每吨,购买1000吨,并商定了其他相关事宜。甲公司按合同在约定日期支付乙公司140万元,乙公司也按时发货。但甲公司对货物进行商品检验时,发现是国产原木,质量要低些,市场价格大约1200元每吨。但考虑到国产原木也能进行生产,于是只想要回自己20万元差价损失,于是向你进行咨询。你会给他提供什么样的建议?甲公司认为乙是不当得利,你认为呢?并给出理由。
北京大学法学院2005年考研综合卷试题
宪法
1:简述我国选举制度的基本原则(10)2:谈谈我国2004宪法修正案规定“国家尊重和保障人权”的重大深远意义(10)行政法
1:论行政法是规范和控制行政权的法(20)
2:案例:(10)A获得了5年期限的狩猎许可证,3年后颁发此证的S县政府因为环境保护的原因撤消此许可证,A不服,故向S县所属的D市中级人民法院提起行政诉讼:
问:1)S县的行为是否违法?为什么?
2)D市中级人民法院是否应该受理此行政诉讼?为什么? 刑事诉讼法:
1:述检察院在刑事诉讼中的监督作用并给予评论(15)2:为什么刑事逼供在刑事诉讼实践中屡禁不止?结合有关规定分析原因,并给予评论(15)刑法:
1:简述我国刑法对于教唆犯的处罚规定(15)
2:案例:李明(1985年1月8日出生)和孙洪斌(1973年8月出生,后因盗窃罪被判有期徒刑2年1995刑满释放),1999年1月8号晚10时许两人借了一把猎枪准备出去打狗,但没有打到,于是两人窜到村民张立东家偷鸡,孙进屋盗窃,李持猎枪在门外望风,孙刚偷了2只鸡,被张发现,张正要走出门,李往门口开了一枪,正中门框,于是孙趁机逃走,张发现地上有一丢失的枪托,于是在门旁守侯,后来李与孙发现枪托丢失,担心无法归还,于是决定回去寻找,刚走到张门口,张刚一起身,李于是向张开了一枪,正中头部,张因而死亡
(1)李与孙是否构成犯罪
(2)如果构成犯罪,应当如何量刑(只答量刑原则,不答具体量刑)(25)民法
2,简述违约责任的归责原则(10)3,简述物权变动的公示公信原则(15)4,论述民法的基本原则及相互关系(20)民诉
5,简述督促程序概念和特点(15)6,案例(15)
A向B借款8万元,B在到期后,向法院提出诉讼,出示了A的一张收条“等到今年年底生意盈利后,连本带利共付给10万元”。用司法解释和证明责任的原理分析A抗辩所应承担的证明责任。
(1)A抗辩说该字条不是B写的,签名属于伪造
(2)A说那八万元是和B合伙投资的,后图书生意失败亏损,两个人应承担共同责任。
(3)A抗辩说该他的钱已还了
北京大学法学院2004年综合卷试题
宪法20分
1,请简述我国公民的基本权利-平等权的基本内容(10)2,辨析: 行宪政必有宪法,有宪法必有宪政(10)行政法30分
3,请简述我国行政法的基本原则--行政公正原则的基本内容(10)
4,辨析:我国公民、法人或其他组织认为行政主体的具体行政行为侵犯其人身权、财产权时,才可提起行政诉讼或申请行政复议(10)
5,案例10分
王某认为A县政府作出的撤消土地承包合同的行为侵犯自己权益,多次到县政府上访。县政府认为王扰乱公务,口头对其宣告拘留3天的行政处罚(无处罚决定书)。王不服,提起行政诉讼。
(1),A县政府行为是否合法?
(2),王欲诉讼,可向哪级法院提起? 刑法40分
6,请简述缓刑制度的概念和适用条件(10)
7,请谈谈对我国刑法13条关于犯罪概念的但书规定的理解(15)8,案例(15)
甲见乙旁有一摩托车(乙尚未发动),怀疑是偷来的,便装作认识问到”你到哪里去?“,乙以为甲是车主,弃车而逃。甲见四周无人,便欲据为己有,驶出一段距离后,被追来的车主抓获归案。问此案如何定性? 刑事诉讼法30分
12,(理论)为什么说刑事诉讼法是宪法的适用法
13,(法条分析题)试根据刑事诉讼法156和157条的规定,谈谈对我国证人作证制度的看法(10)
14,(基础知识题)简述我国刑事诉讼法中不起诉案件应履行的法律手续(10)
民法45分
3,物权与债权在效力上有何不同(10)
4,请比较过错责任、过错推定、无过错责任、公平责任的概念不同(10)5,什么是最高额抵押,它和一般抵押有何不同(10)6,案例
甲与乙签定一房屋买卖合同,甲交付房屋、乙支付价金,但未到民政部门登记。后甲将房屋转卖于丙,登记。但丙未支付价金。丙起诉甲,要求交付房屋,甲反诉丙,请求法院宣判甲丙合同无效。请提出你的意见并说明理由(15)民事诉讼法30分
7,请根据我国法律和司法解释的规定,谈谈我国上诉审的审理范围(8)8,案例(12)
甲主营业地在北京市,乙主营业地在东莞市,丙的车辆注册地在山东省。甲与乙签定购买瓷器瓶合同于广州市,约定乙将货物运至北京市交货,在石家庄乙与丙发生碰撞,货物损坏。
甲宣称乙交货不符,并请求宣告合同无效,乙反诉甲,要求支付剩余价款。(1)甲宣称乙交货不符,并请求宣告合同无效,哪些法院有管辖权?乙诉甲,要求支付剩余价款,哪些法院有管辖权?甲乙同时向有权法院起诉,如何处理?
(2),甲有无权利宣称乙交货不符,并请求宣告合同无效?
(3)丙参与诉讼,应处于何种地位?有无提出管辖权异议权利?有无独立提起请上诉的权利?
9,比较特别程序和一般程序的不同(10)北京大学法学院2003年考研综合卷试题
宪法与行政法
1.立法权的特征
2.简述行政诉讼可诉行为与不可诉行为的范围 3.简述行政行为的主要种类 刑法
1.我国刑法规定的正当防卫的条件是什么?(10分)2.刑法上的不作为的构成条件有哪些?(10分)2.案例
被告人李某,男,29岁,1993年4月20日因盗窃罪被判处有期徒刑3年,1996年4月19日刑满释放,无业。
1997年7月8日晚,被告人李某来到一昏暗僻静处时,看到前面有一妇女,便从后面摸上去,乘其不备将其击倒,在黑暗中扒解对方衣服时,才发现对方是男子。无奈与懊恼之下,李某见对方身上有一挎包,便冲对方脸部猛击一拳,然后携挎包逃离现场。回家后李某发现包内有500多元现金。后案发,公安机关将李某逮捕。
问:对被告人李某的行为应当如何论处?请说明理由。(20分)刑诉
1.我国《刑事诉讼法》第147条规定:“基层人民法院、中级人民法院审判第一审案件,应当由审判员三人或者由审判员和人民陪审员共三人组成合议庭进行,但是基层人民法院适用简易程序的案件可以由审判员一人独任审判。
高级人民法院、最高人民法院审判第一审案件,应当由审判员三人至七人或者由审判员和人民陪审员共三人至七人组成合议庭进行。
人民陪审员在人民法院执行职务,同审判员有同等的权利。
人民法院审判上诉和抗诉案件,由审判员三人至五人组成合议庭进行。问:请根据上述规定分析我国刑事诉讼中陪审制度的主要特点。2.简述逮捕的证据要求与定罪的证明之间的区别。
民法学
1,简述违约金的性质及其法律适用 2,简述债务承担的条件与效力 3,案例:
作家刘某受作协委托从事一文学作品创作,以当地著名人物张某为原型创作并发表一篇小说,名《沉重的十字架》。创作过程中刘某数度采访张某,张某将自己当初的日记等材料提供给刘某参考。小说中涉及张某当初与初恋情人的恋情等情节,属首次公开,张某的妻子及子女都从未知晓,故颇为震惊与气愤,家庭关系趋于紧张。张某认为刘某的行为侵犯了其合法权益,而刘某认为其并未构成侵权。现张某将刘某起诉到法院。
请分析本案的法律责任与处理意见,并说明理由。民事诉讼法学
1,民诉中各种审判程序的审判组织形式
2,试述我国民事审判程序与民事执行程序之间的关系
北京大学法学院2002年考研综合卷试题
刑法(30)一.简答(每题5分)1.不作为犯的特征及作为义务产生的原因.2.教唆犯的处罚规定
3.我国死刑政策及在中国刑法中的体现.4.巨额财产来源不明罪的立法价值.二.案例.1.关于中止犯,预备犯的.2.略.民法(30)1.代理的法律特征.2.合同的相对效力原则.3.无过错原则的立法缘由及价值.4.动产物权与不动产物权的区别.刑诉法(20)1.和去年那道题差不多了,今年把那个维护程序法尊严的法条扩展了一下, 问:何谓公正审判
.此法条的立法价值.2.当事人及我国刑诉法上当事人的种类.司法工作人员为何不是当事人.民诉法(20)1.无独立请求第三人在诉讼中的地位及原因.2.试述民诉法中再审制度的补救作用.3.还有一道忘记了,不过好象很简单的,大概一道概念性的题吧.以上均是凭回记忆,有的记得不是太清楚了,大体如上吧,知识点错不到哪里去,正规的题目还是等诸位夏天去法学院买了试卷再说吧.二.简答(每题7分)1.唐代中央的监察机构设置
2.大清律例,大清现行刑律,大清新刑律中的刑罚制度.宪法.(20)
一、《最高人民法院关于在刑事判决中不宜援引宪法作论罪科刑的依据的复函》(1955年7月30日),全文如下:
新疆自治区高级人民法院:
你院(55)刑二字第336号报告收悉。中华人民共和国宪法是我国国家的根本法,也是一切法律的“母法”。刘少奇委员长在关于中华人民共和国宪法草案的报告中指出:“它在我国国家生活的最重要的问题上,规定了什么样的事是合法的,或者是法定必须执行的,又规定了什么样的事是非法的,必须禁止的。”对刑事方面,它并不规定如何论罪科刑的问题,据此,我们同意你院的意见,在刑事判决中,宪法不宜引为论罪科刑的依据。
请运用宪法学理论评价这一司法解释?(8)
二、请叙述我国质询制度的有关内容。(12)行政法(30)1.行政法中的比例性原则.2.关于行政法中举证责任部分中一句法条的理解.(记不清了,红皮书中有)3.行政裁决及其特征.4.为什么说行政诉讼法是司法审查之法.北京大学法学院2001年考研综合卷试题
刑法:20分
一、试述我国刑法规定的正当防卫限度条件5分
二、简述我国刑法规定的主犯种类及其刑事责任5分
三、简述徇私枉法罪的概念和构成要件5分
四、案例分析
李某深夜潜入本单位财务室,意图盗窃保险柜中的财务。李用尽了各种方法,也未能将保险柜打开,感到十分沮丧。正要离开时,恰逢保安员巡逻到此。保安员发现财务室的门虚掩,即进去看看,与李某对个正着。李某用撬棍将保安员打昏后逃走。回到家中后,李某恐保安员醒来后认出自己,就拿了一把匕首,欲将保安员杀死灭口。刚刚返回单位大门,即被接到报案赶来的公安人员抓获。
问:对李某的行为应当如何论处?请说明理由。5分 民法:20分
一、名词解释2分*5
1、合伙
2、他物权
3、表见代理
4、预期违约
5、善意取得
二、简答5分*2 1效力未定的民事行为与可变更撤消的民事行为的区别
2、抵押权和质权的区别 刑事诉讼法 15分
一、我国刑法第395条规定“国家工作人员的财产和支出明显超过合法收入,差额巨大的,可以责令说明来源,本人不能说明其来源是合法的,差额部分以非法所得论。请结合这一规定,回答下列问题:8分
1、刑事诉讼中证明责任的一般分配原则是什么?
2、在”巨额财产来源不明“案件中,被告人应否承担证明责任?如果应当承担,被告人与公诉人是如何分担证明责任的?
二、我国刑事诉讼法第191条规定”第二审人民法院发现第一审人民法院的审理有下列违反法律规定的诉讼程序的情形之一的,应当裁定撤消原判,发回原审人民法院重新审判:
(一)违反本法有关公开审判的规定的
(二)违反回避制度的
(三)剥夺或者限制了当事人的法定诉讼权利,可能影响公正审判的:…… 请结合这一条文,回答下列问题7分
1、你对第一审法院违反法律程序的法律后果是如何理解的?
2、本条的规定对于维护程序法的尊严有何意义? 民事诉讼法15分
一、简述民事审判权与管辖权两者之间的关系5分
二、如何认识当事人的陈述?5分
三、民事诉讼中的反诉的构成要件是什么?5分 行政法与行政诉讼法
一、填空题1分*15
1、现代西方资本主义国家不得不增设行政机构和人员,行政权力急剧膨胀,而且行政机关还被赋予了准立法权和准司法权,打破了原来的分权体制和法律结构,这种现代国家被称为--
2、行政机关对经济活动行使广泛的管制权,其中对经济活动的准入控制在行政法学上称为--权
3、中国行政立法的征求意见和协商基本上属于内部程序,不具有典型的现代行政程序的特征,因为利益相关人的参与是由行政机关随意决定的,没有上升为相关人的--4 《宪法》第108条规定,“县级以上的地方各级人民政府有权改变或者撤消所属各工作部门和下级人民政府的不适当的决定”。这里的不适当从《--》的第一条和整个立法精神可以看出,应当理解为包括违法和不当。《婚姻登记管理条例》第11条规定,“婚姻登记机关对当事人的结婚申请进行审查,符合结婚条件的,应当即时予以登记,发给结婚证。”这种对行政机关职权的规定既是授权更是设定义务,用行政法学的专业术语来说,行政机关没有根据形势和政策进行--的余地。
6、受到行政罚款的当事人到期不缴纳罚款的,行政机关可以每日按罚款数额的3%加处罚款,后一个每日3%的罚款从其目的看属于行政法学上所谓的--罚。
7、非个人化是官僚制的一个特点,任何人执行法律秩序所规定的植物,都是一个--
8、对公务员的行政处分由任免机关或者--机关决定。
9、国家赔偿责任背后的理论是--原则,它取代了原来的主权理论,这样降低了公民个人的风险,也更公平。
10、《行政诉讼法》第18条规定的原告所在地,包括原告户籍所在地、经常居住地_和。
11、行政诉讼原告不限于行政行为的直接相对人,而包括所有与具体行政行为有--的公民、法人和其他组织。
12、规章授权行使行政职权的行政机关内设机构超出授权乏味实施行政行为,当事人起诉应当以--为被告。
13、被诉具体行政行为依法不成立或者无效的,人民法院应当作出--的判决
14、原告起诉要求撤消一个行政行为,人民法院经审查认为该行为合法,但因法律或者政策变化需要变更或者废止的,人民法院应当判决--
15、人民法院认为地方人民政府制定的规章与部委规章之间不一致的,有最高人民法院送请--作出解释或裁决。
二、辨析题 判断并分析以下命题:
1、只要相对人违反行政管理的法律秩序,就应当受到行政处罚。5分
2、禁止翻供的原则不适用于行政机关5分
3、行政诉讼体现了司法权对行政权的不信任与必要尊重。5分.宪法学
1宪法第67条第7项规定:全国人大常委会只能撤消而不能改变国务院制定的同宪法和法律相抵触的行政法规,决定和命令。宪法这样规定的理由(5)
2..为什么说言论自由在政治自由中居于首要地位?(5)
3香港基本法规定,行政长官由永久性居民中在外国无居留权的中国公民担任;澳门基本法规定,行政长官在任职期间不得有在外国的居留权。试比较这两种规定的异同。5
4简述我国政党制度的基本内容 5
5.我国各级人大常委会正在试行对司法机关的个案监督。你认为:10 1.个案监督是否必要?为什么?
2个案监督是否合宪?如合宪,其宪法依据是什么? 3.个案监督有何利弊?
北京大学法学院2000年考研综合卷试题
行政法与行政诉讼法
一、试述行政处罚设定权之规定。(8分)
二、与《条例》相比较,《行政复议法》在受案范围方面有何具体变化?对行政审判将有何影响?(7分)
三、如何理解行政诉讼本质上是一种司法审查制度?(7分)
四、试述行政诉讼之判决种类及其适用条件。(8分)民事诉讼法(共15分)
一、何谓除权判决?(5分)
二、诉讼请求与诉讼标的有何联系和区别?(5分)
三、涉外民事诉讼中有哪些案件属于我国人民法院专属管辖?(5分)刑事诉讼法(共15分)
一、试就刑事自诉程序与刑事简易程序作一简要比较。(7分)
二、刑事诉讼法第150条规定:“人民法院对提起公诉的案件进行审查后,对于起诉书有明确的指控犯罪事实并且附有证据目录、证人名单和主要证据复印件或者照片的,应当决定开庭审判。”请问:该条文的规定对我国审判方式的改革产生了哪些影响?有何意义?(8分)民法(共20分)
一、简述设立监护制度的目的,并针对《民法通则》对设立监护人的主要规定,提出两条以上法律改进的意见。(5分)
二、什么是相邻关系?处理相邻关系应遵循哪些原则?(5分)
三、什么是债?举例说明产生债的主要法律事实。(5分)
四、法定继承中遗产分配的规则体现了我国继承法的哪些基本原则?(5分)刑法(共20分)
一、选择题(从备选答案中选出一个或数个正确答案,少选或多选均不给分)(每题1分,共12分)
1、我国刑法明文规定的刑法基本原则有(B C D)
A、罪责自负原则 B、罪刑法定原则 C、刑法面前人人平等 D、罪责刑相适应原则 E、主客观相统一原则
2、我国刑法第12条关于刑法溯及既往的效力的规定采取的是(D)A、从旧原则 B、从新原则 C、从轻原则
D、从旧兼从轻原则 E、从新兼从轻原则
3、根据我国刑法第17条的规定,已满14周岁不满16周岁的人实施下列行为应当负刑事责任的有(ACDF)
A、故意杀人 B、故意伤害 C、强奸 D、抢劫 E、绑架 F、贩卖毒品 G、盗窃
4、正当防卫与防卫过当区别的界限在于(D)
A、防卫行为超过必要限度 B、防卫行为是否明显超过必要限度
C、防卫行为是否造成严重损害 D、防卫行为是否明显超过必要限度并且造成严重损害 E、防卫行为是否适时
5、我国刑法规定的已经着手实行犯罪,是指行为人已经开始实行(A)A、刑法分则规定的某一具体犯罪构成客观要件的行为 B、刑法规定的犯罪行为 C、准备犯罪工具的行为 D、窥探作案现场的行为
6、某甲与某乙有仇,企图借他人之手杀死某乙。一天,某甲故意将装好子弹的猎枪交给某丙,并骗丙说枪中没有子弹,叫丙向乙空枪瞄准射击以使乙受惊吓。结果乙中弹身亡。某甲、某丙的行为属于(C)
A、共同故意杀人罪 B、共同过失致人死亡罪 C、不属于共同犯罪
7、区分一罪与数罪的标准是(C)
A、犯罪行为的个数 B、犯罪结果的个数 C、犯罪构成的个数 D、犯罪对象的个数 E、犯罪意图的个数
8、我国刑法规定的死刑只适用于(B)的犯罪分子。A、罪大恶极 B、罪行极其严重 C、不杀不足以平民愤 D、主观恶性极其严重
9、某国家机关财务室出纳李某与无业人员王某相勾结,共同盗窃财务室保管的现金。一天晚上,李某用持有的财务室钥匙打开财务室大门,并在门口望风,王某进入财务室撬开了保险柜,窃取现金20000多元。然后二人又伪造窃贼翻窗而入的现场。李某、王某的行为构成(A)。
A、王某的行为构成盗窃罪,李某的行为以盗窃罪的共犯论处 B、李某的行为构成贪污罪,王某的行为以贪污罪的共犯论处 C、李某的行为构成贪污罪,王某的行为构成盗窃罪 D、共同诈骗罪
10、受贿罪侵犯的客体是(AB)A、国家机关的正常管理活动 B、公私财产权利
C、国家机关的正常管理活动 D、国家工作人员职务行为的廉洁性
11、下列刑罚方法中属于我国刑法规定的主刑的是:(ABD)A、死刑 B、有期徒刑 C、罚金 D、拘役 E、没收财产
12、根据我国刑法第269条之规定,犯罪分子犯盗窃、诈骗、抢夺诈骗罪而转化为抢劫罪的条件是(BDF)
A、实施了已经构成犯罪的盗窃、诈骗、抢夺行为 B、实施了盗窃、诈骗、抢夺行为 C、使用暴力或以暴力相威胁 D、当场使用暴力或以暴力相威胁
E、使用暴力或以暴力相威胁的目的是为了继续犯罪
F、使用暴力活以暴力相威胁的目的是为了抗拒逮捕、窝藏赃物、毁灭罪证
二、简述题(每题4分,共8分)
1、简述共同犯罪中主犯的种类 及其刑事责任。
2、简述我国刑法规定的贪污罪的构成特征。宪法学(共30分)
一、有权向全国人大常委会提出议案的主体有哪些?(10分)
二、如何理解香港基本法的法律地位?(10分)
三、某大学仅以相貌丑陋为由拒绝录取已达到该校录取分数线的某甲,后来在新闻媒体的呼吁下,某甲被另一所大学录取。请问:某甲的什么宪法权利受到了侵犯?你认为某甲可以通过什么法律途径来维护自己的宪法权利?(10分)北京大学法学院1999年考研综合卷试题
刑法学(共20分)
一、名词解释(每题2.5分,共5分)
1、犯罪中止
2、侵占罪
二、填空题(每题1分,共5分)
1、已满14周岁不满16周岁的人,犯故意杀人、故意伤害致人重伤或者死亡、强奸、抢劫、(贩毒)、放火、爆炸、投毒罪的,应当负刑事责任。
2、刑事责任的归责要素有:主观恶性、客观危害以及(责任能力)。
3、死刑只适用于(罪行极其严重)的犯罪分子。
4、虚开增值税专用发票或者虚开用于骗取出口退税、抵扣税款的其他发票,是指有为他人虚开、为自己虚开、(让他人为自己虚开)、介绍他人虚开行为之一的。
5、邮政工作人员私自开拆或者隐匿、毁弃邮件、电报而窃取财物的,依照(盗窃罪)定罪从重处罚。
三、简答题(每题5分,共10分)
1、试述我国刑法关于主犯的种类以及承担刑事责任的规定。
2、简述信用证诈骗罪在客观方面的行为类型。刑事诉讼法学(共15分)
1、根据刑事诉讼法第191条的规定:第二审人民法院发现第一审人民法院的审理有违反法律规定的诉讼程序的情形的,应当裁定撤消原则,发回原审人民法院重新审判。请问:该条所说的情形主要有哪些?法律为什么作此规定?(8分)
2、根据刑事诉讼法第142条的规定,对于犯罪情节轻微,依照刑法不需要判处刑罚或者免除刑罚的,人民检察院可以作出不起诉决定。请问:该条所说的不起诉的实质和法律后果是什么?法律为什么作此规定?(7分)民法学(共20分)
一、名词解释(每题2分,共6分)
1、附条件的法律行为
2、无因管理
3、婚姻终止
二、简答题(共14分)
1、法人的民事权利能力有什么特点?(4分)
2、无权代理有什么法律后果?(5分)
3、什么是作品的合理使用?举3个离子说明作品的合理使用。(5分)民事诉讼法学(共15分)
1、为什么说“法定诉讼代理权的发生,完全是基于法律的规定,与被代理人的意愿无关,与代理人的意愿也无关。”(5分)
2、说明法院主管与管辖的关系。(5分)
3、不予受理与驳回起诉有何区别。(5分)刑事诉讼法学(15分)
1、根据1996年3月修改后的刑事诉讼法的规定,人民检察院在哪些情况下可以作出不起诉的决定?对于这些不起诉的决定,该法规定了哪些制约措施?(5分)
2、在刑事诉讼过程中,人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关在哪些情况下应当终止诉讼的进程?在哪些情况下,它们应当分别作出哪几种决定?(5分)
3、某人民法院对被告人张某涉嫌抢劫一案,经过认真审理,认定检查官指控被告人有罪的关键证据--证人证言、书证、物证等已达到确实充分的程度。但是,被告人在整个审判过程中始终保持沉默。请问:人民法院能否对被告人张某定罪判刑?为什么?(5分)
行政法与行政诉讼法学(共30分)
一、名词解释(每题2分,共10分)
1、行政职责
2、行政主体
3、特别授权立法
4、行政裁决
5、行政追偿
二、简答题(共20分)
1、行政处罚与刑罚的区别。(5分)
2、行政监督检查的特征。(5分)
3、如何理解司法审查中的“参照规章”?(4分)
4、如何理解“人民法院审理行政案件,对具体行政行为的合法性进行审查”?(6分)
宪法学(共30分)
1、试述美国1803年马伯里诉麦迪逊案件的主要内容。(10分)
2、试述司法权的特点。(10分)
3、试述我国公民权利与国家权力之间基本关系的内容。(10分)北京大学法学院1998年考研综合卷试题
刑法学(共20分)
一、名词解释(每题2.5分,共5分)
1、犯罪集团
2、集资诈骗罪
二、填空题(每空1分,共5分)
1、判处罚金,应当根据()决定罚金数额。
2、犯罪后自首又有()表现的,应当减轻或者免除处罚。
3、在国家机关、国有公司、企业、集体企业和人民团体管理、使用或者()中的私人财产,以公有财产论。
4、收买被拐卖的妇女、儿童又出卖的,依照()定罪处罚。
5、走私、()、运输、制造毒品,无论数量多少,都应当追究刑事责任,予以刑事处罚。
三、简答题(每题5分,共10分)
1、试述撤销假释的根据。
2、我国新修订的《刑法》所规定的“持有型罪名”有哪几个? 民法学(共20分)
一、概述下列概念之间的区别(12分,每题3分)
1、人格权与身份权
2、诺成法律行为与实践法律行为
3、代位继承与转继承
4、相邻权与邻接权
二、简答题(8分,每题4分)
1、简述职务侵权的概念、主体、范围及责任。
2、简述民事法律行为的生效要件。民事诉讼法学(共15分)
1、辩论原则的设立有何意义?辩论的内容有哪些?(7分)
2、如何理解执行和解的效力?(8分)行政法部分(15分)
一、填空题(每空1分,共7分)
1、国务院有权规定中央和省、自治区、直辖市的国家行政机关的职权的()。
2、复议机关审理复议案件,以法律、行政法规、地方性法规、规章,以及()依法制定和发布的()为依据。
3、违法行为在()年内未被发现的,不再给予行政处罚。
4、《国家赔偿法》第五条规定:国家不对行政机关工作人员的()行为承担赔偿责任。
5、对到期不纳税款者,罚以滞纳金,以促使其纳税,这种措施在行政法学上称为()。
6、行政公开是现代行政法的一个基本要求,它旨在保障公民的()权。
二、简答题(共2题,每题4分)
1、现代行政程序法普遍要求行政机关作出行政决定时说明决定的理由,试述该程序规则的价值。
2、宪法第八条规定,国务院“根据宪法和法律,……制定行政法规”,请阐述“根据宪法和法律”这一条件的内涵。行政诉讼法(15分)
一、填空题(每空1分,共6分)
1、新中国的行政诉讼最初由1982年制定的()作出规定。
2、对法律规定由行政机关()的具体行政行为提起的诉讼,人民法院不予受理。
3、海关行政案件的上诉审一般由()人民法院管辖。
4、在我国,行政合同案件目前由人民法院的()庭审理。
5、复议机关改变原具体行政行为所认定的事实的,()是被告。
6、对行政机关与非行政机关共同署名作出的决定不服提起行政诉讼的,人民法院可以通知非行政机关作为()参加诉讼。
二、简答题(共二题)
1、简述行政诉讼期间具体行政行为的执行力。(4分)
2、试述合理性原则在我国行政诉讼中的体现。(5分)宪法学(每题10分,共30分)
一、我国如何规定宗教信仰的政策?
二、试述我国国务院的性质和组成。
三、简述现代国家结构形式的主要种类和特征
北京大学法学院1997年考研应用法学综合卷试题
刑法学
一、名词解释(每题2.5分,共10分)
1、间接故意
2、想象竞合犯
3、刑事责任
4、自首
二、简述题(每题5分,共10分)
1、我国刑法是如何体现对主犯从重处罚的?
2、简述金融票据诈骗罪在客观方面的行为类型。刑事诉讼法学
一、修改后的刑事诉讼法对基本原则的规定增加了哪些新内容?(7分)
二、刑事诉讼的被告人有哪些诉讼权利?(8分)民法学
一、填空题(每题1分,共10分)
1、我国民法调整的社会关系是平等主体之间的财产关系和人身关系,因而(平等原则)必然贯穿我国民法始终。
2、代理人在代理权限内,有权(独立)进行意思表示。
3、债权人有权要求债务人按合同的约定或者(法律的规定)履行义务。
4、附期限的民事行为,在所附期限到来时(生效或解除)。
5、合伙经营期间发生亏损,退伙人已分担了合伙债务,退伙人对其参加合伙期间的全部债务(承担无限连带)责任。
6、保证人保证范围不明确的,推定保证人对(全部债务)承担保证责任。
7、侵权的民事责任,是指因违反了民事义务,侵害了财产所有权(包括经营管理权),人身权或()而产生的民事责任。
8、著作权法保护的作品应当符合两个条件:①具有独创性;②()。
9、为(争夺遗产)而杀害其他继承人的,则丧失继承权。
10、无国籍人的民事行为能力,一般适用其定居国法律,如未定居的(适用居住地)法律。
二、简答题(共10分)
1、如何认定胁迫行为?(3分)
2、为维护国家、集体或他人合法权益而使自己受到损害,侵害人无力赔偿或者没有侵害人的情况下,受害人的损害能否得到补救?应由谁来补救?为什么?(4分)
3、土地、山岭、森林、草原、荒地、滩涂、水面等自然资源的所有权或使用权权属发生争议和因侵权发生纠纷,应由什么机关负责处理?(3分)民事诉讼法学
一、举例说明民事诉讼法律关系发生、变更、消灭的原因。(4分)
二、法院制作的生效调解书有何效力。(5分)
三、如何认识督促程序中的支付令。(6分)行政法学与行政诉讼法学
一、名词解释(每词2分,共6分)
1、行政处分
2、行政司法
3、行政指导
二、简述题(每题5分,共15分)
1、监督行政法律关系与行政法律关系的联系和区别。
2、行政程序的主要制度。
3、如何理解起诉不停止具体行政行为的执行。
三、案例分析(9分)
某国家机关综合处处长李某利用出国考察的机会,从国外带回
若干违禁物品,受到海关罚款1000元的行政处罚。其所在机关了解情况后,又给予其撤职行政处分。李某不服,认为处罚、处分太重,便分别以海关和所在行政机关为被告,向法院提起行政诉讼,要求撤销上述处罚和处分。试析:
1、人民法院应否受理李某的诉讼,为什么?
2、法院如可受理李某提起的两项诉讼请求或其中的一项,那么何地何级法院享有审判管辖权,为什么?
3、受诉法院审理后,可能作出哪几种形式的判决?并分别说明各自适用的条件。宪法学
一、试比较美国和德国的违宪审查制度。(15分)
二、我国法律规定戒严的决定权属于谁?谁执行戒严任务?(15分)
第五篇:2014年在职硕士GCT英语考试真题
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2014年在职硕士GCT英语考试真题
第四部分 外语运用能力测试(英语)
(50题,每题2分,满分100分,考试时间45分钟)
Part One Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1.We interview ten_______but did not find anyone suitable.A.candidates B.partners
C.companions D.opponents
2.The customs officer_______him open his three suitcases.A.urged B.asked
C.made D.forced
3.We all questioned_______accurate the result was.A.what B.how
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C.why D.however
4.It wouldn’t do you any _______to work a bit harder.A.hurt B.harm
C.injury D.wound
5.I need new heels on these shoes;the present ones are _______.A.taken down B.kept down
C.knocked down D.worn down
6.This instrument, _______and operating next year, will consist of
A.completing B.completed
C.to be completed D.to complete
7.She lost her balance and if she hadn’t supported herself.A.would have fallen B.fell
C.would fall D.had fallen
8.The radical policy was rejected a more cautious one.A.in favor of B.in spite of
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C.in time of D.in honor of
9.I can’t tell you how I am to you for having listened to me.A.useful B.helpful
C.faithful D.grateful
10.Bats are long-lived creatures, a life-expectancy of around 20 years.A.some have B.some having
C.some of which having D.some of them have
Part Two Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this part there are three passages and one table, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements.For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:
Passage One
Many people start relationships because of loneliness.Loneliness and being alone are not synonymous.Loneliness is a state of painful isolation, of feeling cut off from friends and family.Being alone, a state of solitude(独处), can be quite
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desirable most of the time, since it allows us to work, study, live, or reflect on the world around us.Solitude is usually a matter of choice;loneliness is not.Lonely people tend to spend a lot of time by themselves, eat dinner alone, spend weekends alone, and participate in few if only any social activities.They are unlikely to date.Some lonely people report having many friends, but a closer look suggests that these “friendships” are shallow.Lonely people are unlikely to share confidences.Loneliness tends to peak during adolescence(青春期).This is when most young people begin to replace family ties with peer relationships.Loneliness is quite often connected with feeling of depression and with a feeling of being “sick at heart”.Loneliness is even reported among some married people.In one of the recent studies, lonely wives tended to feel less liking and love for their partners and expressed less satisfaction with their married life.Lonely husbands reported less liking for their wives and less intimacy in their relationship.11.The topic of the first paragraph is.A.isolation and pain
B.solitude and loneliness
C.how to begin relationships
D.intentional choice of staying alone
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12.The word “synonymous”(Para.1)is closest in meaning to.A.similar B.relevant C.different D.unknown
13.Which of the following is discussed in Paragraph 2?
A.How loneliness usually gets started.B.Why lonely people often feel depressed.C.What lonely people want in general.D.How lonely people usually behave.14.According to Paragraph 2, adolescence is a period in life when.A.teenagers begin to form a closer tie with peers
B.young people become less disciplined
C.young people break their family ties
D.most teenagers feel lonely and depressed
15.According to a recent study, loneliness.A.is often found among adults
B.bring unpleasant effects to marriage
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C.is a matter of personal choice
D.bring a closer family relationship
Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:
Passage Two
Now, one biggest summertime question has been answered: Why do people look so much better in sunglasses? Vanessa Brown, a senior lecturer of art and design at Nottingham Trent University, gave an inside look into the connection between shades and sex appeal.According to Brown, sunglasses do a wide variety of positive things.They make up for any asymmetries(不对称), which relates directly to research proving that symmetrical faces are the most attractive ones.If you put on a pair of sunglasses, the lenses will instantly create a perfectly symmetrical face.Sunglasses also create the appearance of a defined bone structure on top of a relatively soft face.Additionally, people often form quick judgments about others by looking into their eyes.Through eye contact, we can determine someone’s confidence, sincerity and intelligence.If those eyes are shielded, though a person is automatically unreadable.We take them for granted today, but sunglasses are a relatively modern everyday accessory(饰件).Sales started to pick up in the 1920s, but they didn’t
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become commonplace until about two decades after that.In their early days sunglasses were primarily used during risky water and snow sports, and were also associated with new technologies like airplane travel, which made them seem “daring and thoroughly modern”.Later, Hollywood stars of the 1950s and 60s started wearing sunglasses to defend themselves from being recognized by the public or harassed by paparazzi(狗仔队).Movie stars’ adoption of the accessory strengthened the link between sunglasses and appeal.16.Sunglass makes us look appearing by _____.A.covering our tiredness
B.creating a softer face
C.protecting our eyes
D.improving our facial appearance
17.According to Paragraph 3, people in sunglasses would look_____.A.smart B.mysterious C.proud D.confident
18.Sunglasses began to be popular in the______.A.1920s B.1940s C.1950s D.1960s
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19.The example of sportsman shows that______.A.they over-emphasized the role of sunglasses
B.the public are eager to follow them
C.sunglasses create a desirable image
D.sunglasses protect people from harassment
20.The passage is mainly written to______.A.explain why sunglasses improve appearance
B.demonstrate how to make better use of sunglasses
C.introduce the major functions of sunglasses
D.describe the evolution of sunglasses
Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage:
Passage Three
A cup of tea is almost a symbol of British culture.As a nation, we are well known for our strong liking for this particular hot drink, especially if it is accompanied by some cake or biscuits.Here are some facts about tea drinking habits in the UK.新东方在线在职硕士频道(http://shuoshi.koolearn.com/zzlk/)分享
1)There is no real tea time
All around the world, everyone thinks that British people drink tea every day at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.In reality, we drink tea at every hour of the day, from the minute we get up to the last thing before going to bed.Of course it’s quite likely that a British person will drink tea around the middle of the afternoon, but it’s also common to drink it with breakfast.2)The perfect partner : scones
Scones are a simple kind of cake, slightly sweet and usually served with jam and cream.They are excellent with tea.In fact, if you order a “cream tea” in the UK, you’ll get a teapot accompanied by a plateful of these little treats.Delicious!
3)Milk in tea
British people nearly always put milk in their tea.This seems strange to people from other European countries, who would rather drink their tea without adding anything to it.In British, people add a certain quantity of milk depending on taste and the tea ends up being opaque(不透明)and brown instead of clear.People are always shocked when I say that I prefer coffee to tea.Tea really is part of our cultural identity, whether we like it or not!
21.According to the passage, British people are well known for.A.their unique cake and biscuits
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B.Their particular drinking habits
C.their passion for tea
D.the love of their own culture
22.People tend to believe that British tea time is.A.at any time of the day
B.at breakfast time
C.before going to bed
D.late in the afternoon
23.A typical “cream tea” in the UK.A.usually goes with scones
B.is a special kind of cake
C.is a slightly sweet drink
D.includes a teapot as a gift
24.According to the passage, people from other European countries.A.take tea as their culture identity
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B.prefer cream tea to coffee
C.seldom add anything to their tea
D.like to add milk to their tea
25.What is this passage mainly about?
A.British tea history.B.British eating habits.C.British tea time.D.British tea culture.Questions 26-30 are based on the following chart:
Passage Four
26.What can be said as an overview of the chart?
A.There has been little population change over decades.B.The aged population will continue to grow.C.Most American can live longer in 2020 than today.D.The growth rate of aged people is slowing down.27.What was true of the situation in 2000?
A.The total number of aged people had dropped.新东方在线在职硕士频道(http://shuoshi.koolearn.com/zzlk/)分享
B.The total number of aged people remained unchanged.C.The number of people aged 65-74 had grown.D.The number of people aged 75-84 had increased.28.From 1980 to 2010, which age group had the highest growth rate?
A.Aged 65-74.B.Aged 75-84.C.Aged over 85.D.Aged under 65.29.What was the total aged population in 2010?
A.30 million.B.40 million.C.33 million.D.45 million.30.Which decade sees the sharpest increase in population between 65-74?
A.1980s.B.2000s.C.1990s D.2010s.Part Three Cloze Directions:
There are ten blanks in the following passage.For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Imagine a product that can be used as medicine, a cleaning agent, and a beauty treatment.You can eat it, drink its juice, and 31 essential oil from it.It is available all over the world, and is inexpensive.You may even have one in your kitchen 32.What is it? The lemon!
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It is thought that lemons 33 in Southeast Asia.From 34 they were gradually carried westward, toward the Mediterranean.Lemon trees thrive in mild 35 , which is why they grow so well in places like Italy, Mexico, Spain, and even parts of Africa and Asia.A mature tree, depending on the variety and location, can produce 36 from 200 to a staggering 1,500 lemons a year.The cultivated varieties 37 in different periods, making it possible to harvest lemons year-round.You don’t need lots of space to grow a lemon tree.Even a sunny balcony(阳台)is enough, 38 small lemon trees can be grown in pots and can make your house beautiful.They like sunny, wind-free spots where they can soak up the warmth, 39 against a wall.However, if the temperature drops a lot during the winter, they need to be 40 or brought indoors.31.A.occupy B.examine C.obtain D.exchange
32.A.right now B.on time C.in time D.just now
33.A.rooted B.emerged C.appeared D.originated
34.A.where B.which C.when D.there
35.A.weather B.climates C.land D.soil
36.A.anywhere B.elsewhere C.everywhere D.nowhere
37.A.sow B.plant C.harvest D.bloom
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38.A.when B.while C.as D.though
39.A.likely B.preferably C.probably D.literally
40.A.covered B.closed C.buried D.packed
Part Four Dialogue Completion
Directions: In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and the best completes the dialogue.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.41.A: I ordered a book from you last Saturday.It hasn’t arrived yet.B: Please tell me the serial number on your order sheet..A.You won’t regret it B.Trust me
C.I promise D.I’ll run a check for you
42.A: You seem to be having some problem.B: I’ll manage.A.Are you sure? B.I’m afraid not.新东方在线在职硕士频道(http://shuoshi.koolearn.com/zzlk/)分享
C.It’s all right.D.Is it so?
43.A: Well, you told me to soak it in hot water.B: I told you to dip it in warm water.A.You did, you know.B.No, I didn’t!
C.That’s what I said!D.That’s true.44.A: I don’t know what we’d have done if you hadn’t come along.B:.It was the least I could do.A.It’s very good B.It works well
C.Don’t mention it D.I’m not sure
45.A: Excuse me, sir, but could I ask you a quick question?
B:
A.Sure, What is it? B.Yes, you are so kind.C.Take it easy.D.Give me a break.46.A: We have to say bye now.I wish you a pleasant journey.B:
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A.You can count on me.B.Thanks.Take care.C.The same here.D.Yes, you said it.47.A: It must feel great to be almost finished with school.At least you can see the light at the end of the tunnel.B:
A.That goes without saying.B.Who can tell?
C.You can say it again.D.That’s not saying much.48.A: A button came off my shirt and was lost.B: Many shirts come with an extra button.A: You’re right.A.Let’s see if it has one.B.I’ll sew it on.C.Forget it!
D.That’s a good idea.49.A: Something must be wrong with my computer.All I get is a black screen.新东方在线在职硕士频道(http://shuoshi.koolearn.com/zzlk/)分享
B: Will you lose all your files?
A:.A.It sure is, but I’ll call the service
B.I won’t let it go
C.No, I always back up my files
D.I’ll do my best
50.A: I can’t believe it’s so hot.I think I’m dying from the heat.It’s not even noon yet.B: _______
A.That means it will get even hotter?
B.I’m sure I will die from it.C.Will you please turn on the air conditioner?
D.What will happen then? 更多在职硕士考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线在职硕士频道”