第一篇:常用复数的可数名词
名词的数
(一)规则变化:
1.一般名词的复数形式是在词尾直接加-s构成。如: page→pages pen→pens student→students 2.以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,变成复数时在词尾加-es。如: class→classes box→ boxes brush→ brushes watch→watches 3.以-f和-fe结尾的词变f或fe为v,再加-es。如: leaf→ leaves knife→knives wife→wives 注意:roof,gulf,belief,chief,safe,proof,staff等其复数直接在词尾加-s。handkerchief的复数为handkerchiefs或handkerchieves.
4.以辅音字母加一y结尾之名词,先将y变成i,再加-es。如: party-→parties story→stories university→universities 5.以字母o结尾的词,一般来说,生物名词,包括动、植物名词加-es构成复数。例如: Negro→ Negroes黑人 hero→ heroes英雄 potato→potatoes土豆tomato→ tomatoes西红柿 以-o结尾的无生物名词一般直接加-s构成复数。例如:
photon→ photos照片piano→pianos钢琴 kilo→kilos公斤tobacco→tobaccos烟草 外来的有生物以-o结尾的名词也只加—s构成复数。例如: Eskimo→ Eskimos爱斯基摩人 Filipino-→filipinos菲律宾人(二)不规则变化:
1.变化名词中所含的元音字母。如:
foot-→feet tooth→ teeth goose→geese man→men 2.词尾加-en或-ren。如: child→ childlien ox→oxen 3.单复数同形。如:
sheep,deer,fsh,means(方法),aircraft(飞机)4.表“某国人”的名词,其复数变化有3种情况。(1)单复数形式相同。如:
a Chinese→ ten Chinese;a Japanese→ five Japanese(2)变词尾的.man/woman。如:
Frenchman→ Frenchmen;Englishman→Englishmen Dutchman→Dutehmen;Englishwoman→Englishwomen(3)词尾加-s。如:
German→ Germans;Russian→ Russians;American→ Americans 口诀记忆法:中日同形用不变,英法同盟变a为e,其他一律加s。
5.有一些词如hair(头发),fruit(水果),通常是用它们的单数形式来表示总称。但在表示“几根头发”,“若干种水果”时,则要用复数形式。如:
a few white hairs几根白发several foreign fruits几种外国水果 常用复数的可数名词
有些衣物和工具,如“裤子”“剪刀”等是由相似的两部分组成的,通常用复数。
briefs 贴身短内裤;compasses 圆规;glasses 眼镜;jeans 牛仔裤;leggings 绑腿;pants 短裤pajamas 睡衣scales 天平;scissors 剪刀;shorts 短裤;spectacles 眼镜;sunglasses 太阳镜;tights 紧身衣;tongs 钳子trousers 裤子
如:Where are my pajamas? 我的睡衣在哪里?My trousers are too long.我的裤子太长了。如果要表示一件衣服或一件工具要用a pair of: He was wearing a pair of gray trousers.他穿一条灰色长裤。Lisa has three pairs of jeans.莉萨有三条牛仔裤。
一副手套,一双鞋,一双袜子也是用“a pair of”表示a pair of new gloves 一副新手套 a pair of shoes 一双鞋a pair of old socks 一双旧袜子。
因为手套,鞋子,袜子是可以拆开而独立存在的,所以它们不属于常用复数的名词。复数形式与原义不同一些名词的复数形式具有与原来不同的含义,常用复数。
damage 伤害damages 赔偿金good 好goods 货物green 绿色greens 青菜ground 地面grounds 围院
import 进口imports 进口货look 看looks 外貌manner 方式manners 礼貌 minute 分钟minutes 记录paper 纸papers 文件ruin 毁灭ruins 废墟time 时间times 记录troop 群troops部队
如:Your manners are improving.你的礼貌有长进。
Imports from Africa included coffee, cocoa and olive oil.来自非洲的进口物品包括咖啡、可可和橄榄油。
(三)复合名词的复数
1.一般将主体名词变为复数。mother-in-law→ mothers-in-law岳母 passer-by→passers-by过路人
looker-on→lookers-on旁观者 editor-in-chief→editors-in-chief主编 2.无主体名词构成的复合词,在词尾加一s。如:
go-between→ go-betweens中间人,媒人 grown-up→grown-ups成年人 3.由man或woman构成的复合名词,两者都要变成复数。如:
A man teacher→ two men teachers; a woman doctor→ ten women doctors 注意:有一些名词,包括一些学科名词,形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数。如: news(消息); mathematics(数学); physics(物理); politics(政治)(四)不可数名词的数
1.不可数名词就是表示无法分清个体的名词。这类词主要为抽象名词和物质名词。计算不可数名词时,用“数词或冠词+量词+0f+不可数名词”这样的结构来表示,量词可以是单数也可以是复数.但of后的名词只用单数。如:
a piece of apple pie一块苹果派 two cups of tea两杯茶 three items of news三条消息 four buckets of water四桶水 a drop of water一滴水 a ray of hope一线希望 2.有些物质名词可用复数形式表示数量或不同的类别。如: Two coffees,please.请来两杯咖啡。
The old should take some heath foods.老年人应食用些保健品。3.有些抽象名词可以用单数或复数形式表示具体的事物。如:
difficulty困难→difficulties难事 success成功→ a success一个成功的人或一件成功的事
第二篇:可数名词及其单复数
中小学在线题库——菁优网
可数名词及其单复数
更多知识点关注微信公众平台:菁优英语 1一般现在时的构成
一、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词.可数名词有单数和复数形式.如:desk-desks,apple-apples等.不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词.不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式.如:some bread,a little milk等.二、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时,前面要用定冠词the;而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the.如:
He is a factory worker.他是一名工人.No one can see air.没有人能看见空气.三、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some,any,a lot of,lots of 等来修饰,表示“一些,许多”.如:
There are some oranges on the desk.桌子上有一些桔子.There is a lot of water in the bottle.瓶里有许多水.四、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量.如:two apples,four books等.不可数名词前通常用“单位词+of”来表示数量.如:a piece of paper,three pieces of paper等.五、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致.如: This picture is very beautiful.这幅画很美.不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数“单位词”时,谓语动词要用复数形式.如:
中小学在线题库——菁优网
There are two cups of tea on the table.桌上有两杯茶.六、对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many;对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much.如:
How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果? How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水? 注意:对不可数名词前的“单位词”的修饰语提问时,疑问词用how many.如: How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?
真 题
1.(2015•随州)─Mrs.Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.
─She said she would never forget some pleasant ______while working there. A.experiments B.expressions C.experiences D.emotions
2.(2015•南昌)There are lots of ______that students have to follow in school.
A.exercises B.problems C.skills D.rules
3.(2015•漳州)The sun is shining brightly. Why not wear a pair of______to protect your eyes? A.shoes B.pants C.sunglasses
4.(2015•哈尔滨)Health is important for us teenagers,so we should eat more vegetables such as______ to keep healthy. A.tomatoes and potatoes B.tomatos and potatos
中小学在线题库——菁优网
C.tomatos and potatoes
5.(2015•眉山)﹣Are all the students from______ in your class? ﹣No,there are only 3______ in our class.The others are from other countries.
A.Germany;Germen B.Germany;Germans C.German;Germans D.German;Germany
答 案 1第一标题
【分析】─张老师去年被派到一个贫穷的山村教英语. ─她说她永远不会忘记她在那里工作时的一些愉快的经历. 【解答】答案:C experiments﹣实验; expressions﹣表达; experiences﹣经历、体验; emotions﹣情绪.
此题目是说张老师的教学经历,故选C 2第二题
【分析】在学校里,有很多学生必须遵守的规则. 【解答】答案:D exercises“练习”,“操”可数名词; problems问题,存在问题; skills技能,技巧,技术;
中小学在线题库——菁优网
rules规则,条例;
根据follow 遵循,遵守,我们可以知道应该是遵守的规则,故选D.
3第三题
【分析】翻译;阳光明媚,为什么不戴一副太阳镜来保护你的眼睛. 【解答】答案:C 本题考查名词辨析,shoes 鞋子,pants 长裤,sunglasses 太阳镜,根据题意可知选:C 4第四题
【分析】翻译:健康对我们青少年很重要,所以我们应该多吃一些蔬菜,如西红柿和土豆以保持健康. 【解答】答案:A 根据语境要用tomato和potato复数形式,要在它们后面加es.故选A.
5第五题
【分析】﹣﹣你们班所有的学生都来自德国吗? ﹣﹣不,我们班只有3名德国人.其余的来自别的国家. 【解答】答案:B 结合句子结构以及第一个空格前from可知有固定短语“be from”“来自„”,结合选项后接德国,其英文表达为Germany,再根据第二个空格前有基数词3可知表达数量后接可数名词复数,德国人的英文表达为German,是可数名词,其复数形式为Germans,综上所述,故选B
第三篇:初一英语可数名词复数
英语可数名词变复数的规则
英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则:
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例:friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces
二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
读音变化:统一加读[iz]。
例:bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashes box →boxes;watch →watches;actress →actresses;class →classes;coach(长途车)→coaches;dress →dresses;sandwich →sandwiches;toothbrush →toothbrushes;waitress(女侍者)→waitresses
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:candy→candies;daisy(雏菊)→daisies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→stories strawberry →strawberries;baby →babies;puppy →puppies;library →libraries;dictionary →dictionaries;cherry →cherries;activity →activities
四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。(有生命的加es,无生命的加s)
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo(鱼雷)→torpedoes;bingo(彩票式游戏)→bingoes
反例:silo(青贮塔)→silos;piano→pianos(外来词);photo→photos;macro(宏指令,计机算语言)→macros(缩写词)
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。
读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。
例:knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff(员工)→staves;scarf(围巾)→scarves 目前搜集的直接加s:roof-roofs, belief-beliefs,gulf(海湾)-gulfs, serf(农奴)-serfs,safe-safes,chief(负责人)-chiefs
这几个可变可不变: scarf-scarfs,handkerchief-handkerchiefs
十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。
读音变化:保持原音。
例:fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;
十二、极少数词,其复数形式没有任何规律。
读音变化:没有规律。
例:man→men;woman→women;child→children;ox→oxen,foot →feet;goose →geese;;tooth →teeth;,mouse →mice数据 十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词
例:absence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery机械;news;scenery风景;sugar;traffic交通
十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多
例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼镜;shears大剪刀 trousers长裤;wages工资
十八、compound nouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示
例:daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇;father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父
man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰;maid-servant→maid-servants 女仆tep-son→step-sons晚子;son-in-law→sons-in-law 女婿
十九、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词
例:pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
二十、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
二十一、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
例:a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters
二十二、合成词单复数变化规则
1)以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式。例如:homework, newspaper等。
2)以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数。例如:woman doctor→women doctors, man waiter→men waiters.3)以“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的复合名词变复数时,把名词变复数。例如:fath-erinlaw→fathersinlaw.
4)以“动词/过去分词+副词”构成的复合名词变复数时,在词尾加s。例如:grownup→ grownups, standby→standbys.
二十三、集合名词单复数变化
有些名词为单数形式,但做整体概念来看待,称为集合名词或集体名词,如:people police cattle,其谓语动词一般用复数。有些名词为单数形式,做整体概念来看待时,谓语动词用单数。强调整体中具体人或事物时,谓语动词用复数。如:class, family, audience, committee, army.【例句】
1)The class are doing experiments on heat and light in the lab.
2)A large class is like a big banquet, which requires a teacher to make full pr eparation and have good performance.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:
people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
第四篇:可数名词的复数形式
可数名词的复数形式、不可数名词练习题
一、用英语表示下列专有名词
中国
长城
台湾
星期五
北京
莉莉 __________
___________ __________ ___________
__________ ___________
二、写出下列名词的复数形式
egg____________ watch__________
story_____________ knife___________ radio___________ tomato____________ desk___________ glass____________ child___________
sheep_____________ Chinese______________ man____________ city___________ zoo___________ country____________ tooth_________
mouse___________ boy____________ broom ___________car__________
tree__________ horse__________ bus______________ fox___________ branch_________ baby__________ family__________ country___________
radio_________
photo__________ piano__________ knife__________ leaf__________
life__________
woman__________foot_____________this_____________diary____________day____________ book____________dress___________sheep___________box___________strawberry_________peach__________sandwich__________people___________ fish____________ ox___________
三、在正确的名词复数形式后画√,错误的画×。
1.girl: girls______ girles _____
2.trousers: trousers ______trouser_____ 3.box:boxs ______boxes_____
4.story: stories______ storys______ 5.piano:pianos _____ pianoes _____
6.potato:potatoes_____potatos_____
四、选择填空。
()1.The farmer raised(饲养)ten ______.A.sheeps
B.deers
C.horse
D.sheep()2.The old man has _____ on his nose.A.a glass
B.a glasses
C.a pair of glasses
D.a pair of glass()3.There are some ____ in these _____.A.knifes;pencil-boxes
B.knives;pencils-box C.knives;pencil-boxes
D.knives;pencils-boxes()4.She wants to make _____ with us.A.a friend
B.friends
C.the friend
D.one friend()5.The __ in our garden are very beautiful.A.cloth
B.water
C.flowers
()6.Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.A.boy
B.boys
C.boies()7.A cat has four ____ , doesn't it?
A.foots
B.feet
C.feets
()8.There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.A.American, Japanese
B Americans, Japanese
C.American, Japanese()9.Can you see nine ____ in the picture?
A.deer
B.book
C.horse()10.The _____ has two______.A.boy;watch
B.boy;watches
C.boys;watch
()11.The girl brushes her _____ every day before she goes to bed.A.tooths
B.teeth
C.teeths
()12.I can see many _____ in the street.A.peoples
B.people
C.people’s
()13.How many ______ do you see in the picture?
A.tomatos
B.tomatoes
C.tomato
D.the tomato()14.They are______.A.woman teachers
B.women teachers
C.women teacher
D.woman teacher()15.Would you like _______ ,please?
A.two glass of water
B.two glasses of water
C.two glass of waters
D.two glasses of waters()16.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes
pencil-boxes
B.knives
pencils-box
C.knives
pencil-box
D.knives
pencils-boxes()17.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples
B.oranges
C.rice
D.eggs
()18.My uncle has three _______.A.child
B.childs
C.children
D.childrens
五、填入所给名词的正确形式
1.I have two____________(knife)
2.There are many ___________ here.(box)
3.There are many ___________ on the road.(bus)4.A few ___________ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The ______________ are playing football now.(child)6.Please take two _______________ for me.(photo)7.I like the red ________________.(tomato)
8.Would you please clean your _____________ now?(tooth)
9.Do you want some _________?(milk)10.There are ten __________ school.(woman teacher)
_________in our
第五篇:可数名词单复数变化情况
可数名词复数的变化情况
英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。表示一个人或一件事用单数,表示一个以上的人或事物用复数。
一、可数名词复数形式规则的变化有: 1.一般情况加-s bag—bags
desk—desks
word—words 2.以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加-es box—boxes
watch—watches
bus—buses
brush—brushes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es city—cities
factory—factories
baby—babies 4.以f或fe结尾的名词,一般变f或fe为v再加-es leaf—leaves
wife—wives wolf—wolves 简记:树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄,妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf),架(shelf)后小偷(theif)逃命忙。
5.以字母o结尾的名词,o前为辅音字母加-es,o前为元音字母加-s tomato—tomatoes
hero—heroes potato—potatoes zoo—zoos
radio—radios
kangaroo—kangaroos 例外:photo—photos piano—pianos 简记:
名词单数变复数,直接加-s占多数,词尾若是f或fe,加-s之前要变ve,辅音字母+y,要把y变i.二、可数名词复数形式不规则的变化有: 1.变内部元音
foot—feet
tooth—teeth
goose—geese men—man
woman—women
mouse—mice 2.在词尾加en ox—oxen
child—children 3.形式不变
sheep—sheep
deer—deer 简记:男女孩子们的脚踩住老鼠的牙齿
三、复合名词的复数形式: 1.一般将主体名词变为复数
computer room—computer rooms
tooth-brush—tooth-brushes 2.无主体名词时在词尾加-s grown-up—grown-ups look-out—look-outs 3.两部分都变复数
man worker--men workers
woman driver--women drivers 简记:性别加职业,两者都得变
四、表示“某国人”的名词,单数变复数的形式有: 1.单复数同形
Chinese—Chinese
Japanese—Japanese 2.变词尾man为men Englishman—Englishmen
Frenchman—Frenchmen 3.词尾加-s German—Germans
American—Americans 简记:“中日友好,英法联盟,其他的该s” 练一练
写出下列名词的复数形式 1.watch 2.tooth 3.Chinese 4.knife 5.photo 6.child 7.bus 8.radio 9.mouse 10.word 11.woman teacher 12.class 13.desk 14.son-in-low 15.foot 参考答案 1.watches 2.teeth 3.Chinese 4.knives 5.photos 6.children 7.buses 8.radios 9.mice 10.words 11.women teachers 12.classes 13.desks 14.sons-in-low 15.feet