第一篇：高等院校英语专业八级考试样题III(翻译及译文)
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅲ
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into English
（原 文）
1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……
这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。
日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……
（参考译文）
On February 2, 1997, our delegation checked into the ZhongXin Hotel by the side of the Riyuetai Lake.It was already 3 o'clock early the next morning by the time I saw off the last group of guests.For a long time, I could not fall
asleep, even though I was comfortably lying in the bed.Putting on my clothes again, I got off the bed and walked to the window.Extending my eyes into the distance through the window, I was greeted by the view of the surrounding mountains and hills shrouded in layered greenness and the silvery flickering of waves scuttling across the surface of the Pool.Looking at the sole
naturally-formed picturesque lake in Taiwan, I felt an infinite train of thoughts passing through my mind … …
The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has
enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances.Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century.Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts(environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese
culture.They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation(They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation).In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness.People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland.The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground(forefront)of the historical arena(stage).At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young
generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.In the Riyuetai Lake, the waves across the lake surface have by now all vanished.Enveloped in utter tranquility, the Lake has joined me in deep thoughts … …
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese
（原 文）
I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader.American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness.They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures.And Americans do swing from aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference.But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their
literary appraisals.Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminentand which is yet a foreign country.There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities;kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.（参考译文）
在某种程度上，我赞同我那假想中的英国读者的观点。美国文学史家或许惯于过分狭隘地看待其本国文坛，误将卓著当作独特。他们确实会用过多的笔墨来渲染其本国文学，至少，对其次要作家他们肯定会这样做。此外，美国人确实会走极端，要么咄咄逼人地大肆渲染其文学，要么进行着同样不幸的亦步亦趋式的顶礼膜拜。但反过来说，英国人自己在其文学鉴赏中也显得有些狭隘愚陋。此外，在他们并无上乘表现的领域--例如绘画与音乐，他们也会走极端，不是吹嘘他们本国的作品，就是大肆模仿欧洲大陆的作品。有多少幅英国绘画试图看上去仿佛是在巴黎完成的；但我们又有多少次曾在文章中读到它们真正代表着一种“英国
式的传统”呢？
那么，要谈论美国文学，倒并非意欲断言，它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言之，美国与欧洲一直同步发展，协调一致。在任何一个特定的时刻，旅行者在两地均能目睹同一样式的建筑实例，相同款式的服饰，书架上相同的书籍。在大西洋两岸，思想如同人员与货物往来一样自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等概念时，我意欲在“美国式的”这一词汇之前加上某种限定，因为欧美（尤其是英美）之间的差异往往只是程度上的差异而已，并且有时候仅仅只是微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。差异的多寡是件极为微妙的事务，这极容易使一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家，从某些重要的意义上来说，诞生于他自己的国家，并在某些方面仍与他自己的国家相差无几--然而，它却实实在在是一个异邦。两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重叠，以及令人甚感突兀的陌生感；亲缘关系已让位于一种突如其来的异化与疏远，这种情景仿佛就像我们隔着马路向另一个人打招呼，结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现，我们原来竟然错将生人当成了熟人。
第二篇：高等院校英语专业八级考试样题翻译部分
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅰ（原 文）
近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。
在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒喧几句甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开。只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。
法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多色的或带香味儿的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。（参考译文）
In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing about name cards and invitation letters.This has triggered my reminiscences of the name cards and invitation letters of the French people that I saw when I was residing in Paris.In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn from.In Paris, all the wine parties and buffet receptions held on various occasions provide optimum opportunities to make friends with all varieties of people.When encountering a stranger on such an occasion, an Asian would invariably hand over his name card to the newly-met stranger with full reverence, with both of his hands, even before he starts to converse with the stranger.Such an act seems to have become an indispensable ritual(formality/ etiquette).By contrast, an average Frenchman seldom takes the initiative to(offers to / volunteers to)present his name card.Instead, he would simply walk away after an exchange of routine greetings or even some aimless(random/ casual)chat.Only when both sides become deeply engrossed(engaged / involved)in their conversation and have the intention to make further acquaintance with each other would they offer to give their name cards.It would seem somehow bizarre if a French person offers his name card without saying anything to the stranger in the first place.The French tend to take extraordinary precaution to make their name cards simple yet elegant.Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells.The letters as appear on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not allowing the name of the card-bearer to be overly prominent/salient.The entire card contains much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
Four months before the election day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign.It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted.Even so, the men kept the door shut and the drapes carefully drawn.The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting.Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy.These were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ones to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country.The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession.Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a topflight staff, travel, and television commercials.And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills.Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John.F.Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America-a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.（参考译文）
在离选举日还有四个月的时间，有五个人聚集在里根－布什总部的一个小型会议室里，翻着看一张硕大无比的日历，日历上清晰地标识出了1984年总统竞选剩下的日子。这是六月份的最后一个星期六的上午10时，整幢办公楼的其他部分几近人去楼空。即便如此，这几个人仍将大门紧闭，小心翼翼地拉下窗帘。三个主要人物及其二个副手从美国的不同地方汇聚在一起，召开一个殊为重要的会议。他们的目标是构思出一种策略，来确保里根能再次当选，在第二任期内再度入主白宫。
要谋求再次当选理应轻而易举。这是一些久经沙场的退伍老兵，与里根有着千丝万缕的漫长联系，与共和党的联系甚至更为久远。这些人深谙总统政治，一如他们熟知这个国家中的所有政治事务那样。竞选的背景十分宜人，可供大做文章的好消息俯拾皆是：美国正置身于太平盛世之中；作为选举的一个关键因素，整个国家的经济在步出萧条期之后正强劲反弹。此外，竞选本身所筹得的款项更是不计其数。用于支付一流水平的竞争班子工作人员工资、进行巡回造势、以及制作播放电视广告的钱款绰绰有余。最为重要的是，他们所推介的总统候选人是罗纳尔德· 里根（Ronald Reagan），一位风度翩翩，魅力无穷，又极具迷人沟通技巧的执政总统。与约翰·F·肯尼迪（John F.Kennedy）以来的任何一位历届总统相比，里根更成功地勾勒出了一幅广阔的关于美国未来的前景--美国将成了一个重振军事雄风、民众富于个人进取心、联邦政府更加精简高效的国家。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅱ（原 文）
来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。（参考译文）
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously.Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories.Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful.My supervisor(advisor / tutor)is of Asian origin who is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp(an irritable)temper.Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into the psychology of Asian students.Hence, of all the students recruited by his laboratory, except for one German, the rest five were all from Asia.He even put a striking notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10 AM to 12 PM.Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness.In the course of the 3 and half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph.D.degrees.In the summer of 1990, ignoring the remonstrations(admonishments / dissuasions)from others, I accepted my supervisor's sponsorship and embarked on the difficult journey of academic pursuit(undertaking further studies in the United States).Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable.But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society's power of choice.We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it.The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and education.But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw.The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental.In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre.These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts;they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire;they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.（参考译文）
聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了吃、喝或搏杀，而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰作中寻找到了其实现形式。这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。作为试金石，它们能衡量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们携带着最寓意深刻的主题，可在人类彼此间相互传递。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅲ（原 文）
1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……
这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。
日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……（参考译文）
On February 2, 1997, our delegation checked into the ZhongXin Hotel by the side of the Riyuetai Lake.It was already 3 o'clock early the next morning by the time I saw off the last group of guests.For a long time, I could not fall asleep, even though I was comfortably lying in the bed.Putting on my clothes again, I got off the bed and walked to the window.Extending my eyes into the distance through the window, I was greeted by the view of the surrounding mountains and hills shrouded in layered greenness and the silvery flickering of waves scuttling across the surface of the Pool.Looking at the sole naturally-formed picturesque lake in Taiwan, I felt an infinite train of thoughts passing through my mind … …
The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances.Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century.Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts(environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture.They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation(They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation).In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness.People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland.The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground(forefront)of the historical arena(stage).At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.In the Riyuetai Lake, the waves across the lake surface have by now all vanished.Enveloped in utter tranquility, the Lake has joined me in deep thoughts … …
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader.American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness.They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures.And Americans do swing from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference.But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals.Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminentand which is yet a foreign country.There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities;kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.（参考译文）
在某种程度上，我赞同我那假想中的英国读者的观点。美国文学史家或许惯于过分狭隘地看待其本国文坛，误将卓著当作独特。他们确实会用过多的笔墨来渲染其本国文学，至少，对其次要作家他们肯定会这样做。此外，美国人确实会走极端，要么咄咄逼人地大肆渲染其文学，要么进行着同样不幸的亦步亦趋式的顶礼膜拜。但反过来说，英国人自己在其文学鉴赏中也显得有些狭隘愚陋。此外，在他们并无上乘表现的领域--例如绘画与音乐，他们也会走极端，不是吹嘘他们本国的作品，就是大肆模仿欧洲大陆的作品。有多少幅英国绘画试图看上去仿佛是在巴黎完成的；但我们又有多少次曾在文章中读到它们真正代表着一种“英国式的传统”呢？
那么，要谈论美国文学，倒并非意欲断言，它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言之，美国与欧洲一直同步发展，协调一致。在任何一个特定的时刻，旅行者在两地均能目睹同一样式的建筑实例，相同款式的服饰，书架上相同的书籍。在大西洋两岸，思想如同人员与货物往来一样自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等概念时，我意欲在“美国式的”这一词汇之前加上某种限定，因为欧美（尤其是英美）之间的差异往往只是程度上的差异而已，并且有时候仅仅只是微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。差异的多寡是件极为微妙的事务，这极容易使一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家，从某些重要的意义上来说，诞生于他自己的国家，并在某些方面仍与他自己的国家相差无几--然而，它却实实在在是一个异邦。两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重迭，以及令人甚感突兀的陌生感；亲缘关系已让位于一种突如其来的异化与疏远，这种情景仿佛就像我们隔着马路向另一个人打招呼，结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现，我们原来竟然错将生人当成了熟人。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅳ（原 文）
加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。
温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。（参考译文）
In 1986, Vancouver, Canada, just marked its centennial anniversary, but the achievements made by the city in its urban development have already captured worldwide attention.To build up a city and model its economy on the basis of a harbor is the usual practice that port cities resort to for their existence and development.After a century's construction and development, Vancouver, which boasts of a naturally-formed ice-free harbor, has become an internationally celebrated port city, operating regular ocean liners with Asia, Oceania, Europe and Latin America.Its annual cargo-handling capacity reaches 80 million tons, with one third of the city's employed population engaged in trade and transportation business.The glorious achievements of Vancouver is the crystallization(fruition)of the wisdom(intelligence)and the industry of the Vancouver people as a whole, including the contributions made by a diversity of ethnic minorities.Canada is a large country with a small population.Although its territory is bigger than that of China, it only has a population of less than 30 million people.Consequently, to attract and to accept foreign immigrants have become a national policy long observed by Canada.It can be safely asserted that, except for Indians, all Canadian citizens are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada.Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world.At present, among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are not native-born and one out of every four residents is from Asia.The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in facilitating the transformation of the Vancouver economy.Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver only over the past five years, making Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese concentrate.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors;to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family.Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places.In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife;to repair or rejuvenate the marriage;to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way.The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children(or males)is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce.Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself.To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family-they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring.Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world.To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension.（参考译文）
在某些社会中，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因：传宗接代，光宗耀祖，博取祖辈的欢心，使那些涉及到整个家族的宗教仪式得以发挥其应有的作用。此类原因在现代世俗化的社会中似显苍白，但它们在其他地方曾一度构成并确实仍在构成强有力的理由。此外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共通之处，这便是：生儿育女是为着维系或改善婚姻：能拴住丈夫或者使妻子不致于无所事事；修复婚姻或为婚姻注入新的活力；多子多孙，以为家庭幸福，惟系于此。这一点更可因其相反情形而得以凸现：在某些社会中，无法生儿育女（或无法生育男孩）于婚姻而言可构成一种威胁，并可作为离婚的一个顺理成章的（或现成的）缘由。
除了所有这一切以外，还有一个原因，那就是后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义。对许多人来说，夫妇两人尚不足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭--夫妻需要孩子来丰富其两人小天地，赋予该小天地以真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。
孩子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。作为一种社会体制，家庭以其特有的方式，至少从原则上说，可在一个变幻莫测、常常是充满敌意的世界中让人从中获取某种安全、慰藉、保障，以及价值取向。于大多数人而言，这样的一个家庭基础，即使从其表层意义上来讲，也需要不至一个人来维持其存在，并使其世代相传，生生不息。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅴ（原 文）
徐霞客一生周游考察了16个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人烟稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。（参考译文）
During his lifetime, Xu Xiake traveled around and conducted surveys in 16 provinces.He left his footsteps in virtually every part of the country.In the process of conducting his surveys and investigations, he would never blindly embrace the conclusions recorded in previous documents.Instead, he discovered that the documentations made by his predecessors in their geographical studies were not quite reliable in many aspects.In order to ensure that his reconnaissance were real and detailed, he seldom traveled by ship or by wagon.He climbed over mountains and hills and traveled long distances almost entirely on foot.In order to develop a true picture of the natural world, he made it a point of undertaking his expeditions in those mountain areas where roads were difficult to travel and in those woods that were sparsely populated.In this way he discovered many marvelous mountains and beautiful scenes.He frequently chose different times and seasons of the year to make repeated visits to the famous mountains across the country so that he could make repeated observations of their wonderful scenery that kept changing all year round.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
The thirty-second day out of Bombay began inauspiciously.In the morning a sea smashed one of the galley doors.We dashed in through lots of steam and found the cook very wet and indignant with the ship: “She's getting worse every day.She's trying to drown me in front of my own stove!” He was very angry.We pacified him, and the carpenter, though washed away twice from there, managed to repair the door.Through that accident our dinner was not ready till late, but it didn't matter in the end because Knowles, who went to fetch it, got knocked down by a sea and the dinner went over the side.The ship's captain, looking more hard and thin-lipped than ever, would not notice that the ship, asked to do too much, appeared to lose heart altogether for the first time since we knew her.（参考译文）
出孟买湾之后的第32天开始就透着些许的不祥。清晨，海浪先是将一扇船门砸坏。我们冒着浓浓的雾气冲了进去，发现厨师浑身湿透，正在对这条船大发牢骚。“它变得一天比一天不中用了。它愣是要想法子把我淹死在这炉灶前。”他显得异常的愤怒。我们设法让他平静下来，而木工尽管被海水冲走过两次，但还是努力把门修好。由于发生了这一变故，我们的晚饭直到很晚才弄好，但这一点最终也变得无关紧要，因为前去厨房端饭菜的Knowles被汹涌的波涛掀倒在地，饭菜顺着船舷全都撒入海中。船长脸上的表情变得愈发严峻，双唇紧咬。他全然没能意识到，整条船由于被要求去完成许多它力所不能及的任务，打从我们认识它以来，首次出现了力不从心的迹象。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅵ（原 文）
近代的上海，十里洋场，自开埠以来，固然有许多辛酸的不平等的血泪史，固然有许多污泥浊水，这里被称为是“冒险家的乐园”，这里有鸦片，有荡妇，有赌棍，使人纸醉金迷，乃至使人堕落。可是，上海这座近代大城市却更有它的另一面，它有活力、它聪慧、革新、进取，它敢于担风险，有竞争意识及机制，这种城市意识或风格，使人奋发，跟上时代，走向进步。（参考译文）
In the contemporary period, Shanghai as a metropolis infested by foreign adventurers has indeed recorded, since the opening of its commercial port, a bitter, blood-and-tear history of many miseries and inequalities.Referred to as the Paradise of Adventurers, Shanghai was indeed home to “human sludge and filth” where one could find opium, dissolute women and gamblers.It was a place that made people indulge in luxury and dissipation and given to sensuous pleasures, even inducing people to become degenerate.However, there is a different and more important picture of Shanghai as a modern metropolis.It has been full of vitality and vigor, displaying its unique intelligence and wisdom, characterized by an innovative and enterprising spirit.It has the courage to assume risks and is in possession of both the awareness and the mechanism of competition.Such a metropolitan mentality or style inspires its residents, encouraging them to keep abreast with the changing epochs and to make efforts toward greater progress.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese.（原 文）
Michael Jordan, a basketball player in whom commentators have discerned aristocratic qualities and supernatural powers, has retired from the game that made him one of the worlds' best known and best paid sportsmen.Last week's announcement was premature by most people's measurementbut it was not, by his own account, taken hastily, or rashly.“This is, ” he said, with a rare stumble, “ the perfect timing for me to walk away.”
After three championships with the Chicago Bulls, a second gold medal with the US team at the 1992 Olympics, Jordan felt his motivation slipping away.“I'm at the pinnacle, ” he told a thronged press conference.“I just feel I don't have anything else to prove.”
But this explanation may appear too simple to satisfy the skeptics, who have recently discovered that Jordan does not lead an untroubled private life.First came the allegations that he gambledand that his gambling was out of control.Then his father was shot dead on July 23.（参考译文）
迈克尔．乔丹，一位被评论家们誉为有着贵族气质和超凡才华的篮球运动员，已经从篮坛隐退，而正是篮球这项运动。使其成为世界上最为著名和报酬最为丰厚的运动员之一。
依照大多数人的衡量标准，上周的宣布显得为时过早，因为乔丹刚年届30，正处在其运动生涯和赚钱本领之颠峰。但按他自己的说法，他作出这一决定，既非一时冲动，亦非出于鲁莽。“这于我而言--”他说道，带着一种罕见的吞吞吐吐，“不啻是淡出体坛的绝佳时机。”
在随芝加哥公牛队赢取了三次冠军，并随美国队在1992年奥运会上再夺金牌之后，乔丹觉得他的行为动机正在悄然消逝。“我已攀至我事业的顶峰”，他在一个人满为患的记者招待会上告诉大家，“我真的觉得我已经没有什么别的东西好去证明的了。”
但此番解释对于那些持怀疑态度的人来说显得过于简单，无法令人置信。这些怀疑论调者最近发现，乔丹并非过着一种风平浪静的个人生活。首先传出的是他进行赌博的传言--在一个赌博很大程度上为非法的国家里，并且，他的赌博已到了无法收拾的地步。其次是他的父亲于7月23日被人枪杀身亡。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅶ（原 文）
约翰·施特劳斯的故居在一条大街上，是一座沿街的粉红色的四层楼老公寓房子。施特劳斯曾住在这座房子二层楼上的两套房间里，于1886年末到1867年初在这里谱写了《蓝色的多瑙河》这支名曲。那时他已经42岁了，在维也纳音乐界中负有盛名，但只是在这支乐曲问世以后，才奠定了他“圆舞曲之王”的地位。这座房子距多瑙河不远，步行约半个多小时，当时还是一片大森林，施特劳斯常常穿过森林到河边去散步，现在房屋已鳞次栉比，成为热闹的大街了。（译 文）
The former residence of John Strauss is situated on a big street, inside an old pink-colored four-story apartment building along the street.Strauss lived in two suites on the second floor of this building in which he composed from the end of 1866 to the beginning of 1867 the famous The Blue Danube Waltz.At that time he was already 42 years old and enjoyed a high reputation within the musical circle of Vienna.However, it was not until the composition of this melody that he became firmly established as the King of Waltz.The house in which he lived was not far away from the Danube River, which was within the reach of half an hour's walk.At that time, there was a huge forest between the river and his house and Strauss would frequently go through the forest to have a walk by the side of the river.Now the forest has been replaced by rows and rows of densely adjacent houses and buildings, turning the place into noisy streets.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese.（原 文）
Though fond of many acquaintances, I desire an intimacy only with a few.The Man in Black, whom I have often mentioned, is one whose friendship I could wish to acquire, because he possesses my esteem.His manners, it is true, are tinctured with some strange inconsistencies, and he may be justly termed a humorist in a nation of humorists.Though he is generous even to profusion, he affects to be thought a prodigy of parsimony and prudence;though his conversation be replete with the most sordid and selfish maxims, his heart is dilated with the most unbounded love.I have known him profess himself a man-hater, while his cheek was glowing with compassion;and, while his looks were softened into pity, I have heard him use the language of the most unbounded ill-nature.Some affect humanity and tenderness, others boast of having such dispositions from Nature;but he is the only man I ever knew who seemed ashamed of his natural benevolence.He takes as much pains to hide his feelings, as any hypocrite would to conceal his indifference;but on every unguarded moment the mask drops off, and reveals him to the most superficial observer.（译 文）
尽管我喜欢广交朋友，但我只愿与为数不多的几人成为至交。我所提及的那位黑衣男士，就是那样一个我希冀与其成为莫逆之交的人，因为他深得我的景仰。诚然，其行为举止不乏某些怪异的出尔反尔，他全然可被称为幽默家王国中的幽默大师。虽然他慷慨大方，乃至奢靡无度，但他仍假惺惺地希望人们将其视作节俭与审慎之奇才。尽管其言谈之中满是污秽和自私的格言，其内心却充盈着最博大无际的爱心。据我所知，他常宣称自己是人类憎恶者；然而，他的脸庞上却总漾溢着怜悯之情。虽然其神情会柔化为一片慈悲，我却听到过他使用最为恶劣的言辞，其恶劣程度可谓无以复加。有些人佯装人道与柔情，也有一些人则夸耀说这样的秉性乃天性使然。但在我所有认识的人当中，唯有他似乎羞耻于其与生俱有的慈悲之心。他会竭力掩饰其真情，一如任何一个伪君子会掩饰其冷漠那样。然则，在每一个毫无防范的瞬间，那戴着的假面具便会脱落下来，使其毕露于哪怕是最为肤浅的观察者。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅷ（原 文）
中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，继续加强同发展中国家的团结合作，同它们一道维护发展中国家正当合理的权益。同时，我们要进一步致力于稳定周边、巩固睦邻友好。我们还将不断地充实与各个大国已经建立或正在建立的未来关系框架的内涵。我们将更积极地参与国际事务和各种多边外交活动，坚决反对霸权主义、强权政治，推动在世界上建立公平合理、平等互利的国际政治、经济新秩序。（参考译文）
China will unswervingly observe the independent and peaceful foreign policy.It will continue to reinforce its solidarity and cooperation with the developing countries in the world and, together with them, to safeguard the just and reasonable rights of the developing countries.At the same time, we will be further committed to stabilizing our peripheral areas and to consolidating the harmonious friendship with our neighboring countries.We will also make continued efforts to enrich the implications of the framework of the future relations that have been established or that are being established with all the major countries of the world.We will take more positive steps to participate in international affairs and in various kinds of multilateral diplomatic activities.China will remain firm in its opposition to hegemonism, power politics and will endeavor to promote the establishment of a new international political and economic order that is fair, reasonable, equal and reciprocally beneficial.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
The most sensible people to be met with in society are men of business and of the world, who argue from what they see and know, instead of spinning cobweb distinctions of what things ought to be.Women have often more of what is called good sense than men.They have fewer pretensions;are less implicated in theories;and judge of objects more from their immediate and involuntary impression on the mind, and, therefore, more truly and naturally.They cannot reason wrong;for they do not reason at all.They do not think or speak by rule;and they have in general more eloquence and wit as well as sense, on that account.By their wit, sense, and eloquence together, they generally contrive to govern their husbands.Their style, when they write to their friends, is better than that of most authors.and even lead to academic disputes.Therefore, an accomplished scientist would regard opposing arguments as his most tremendous benefit and take others' criticism of him as the most precious friendship that he can ever obtain.In Gothe's words, “We take for granted what we are in favor of.However, only what we are opposed to can enrich our thoughts.” This is all because the approving opinions are not necessarily justified while the opposing arguments are not necessarily unfounded.To put it in the least way, even the opposing arguments that are mistaken will be immensely beneficial to one's own scientific research.Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese（原 文）
Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years, certain issues have persisted since the early days of the republic.One is the continuing debate over the proper role for government in what is basically a marketplace economy.An economy based on free enterprise is generally characterized by private ownership and initiative, with a relative absence of government involvement.However, government intervention has been found necessary from time to time to ensure that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people, to prevent flagrant abuses, to dampen inflation and to stimulate growth.Ever since colonial times, the government has been involved, to some extent, in economic decision-making.The federal government, for example, has made huge investments in infrastructure, and it has provided social welfare programs that the private sector was unable or unwilling to provide.In a myriad of ways and over many decades, the government has supported and promoted the development of agriculture.（参考译文）
虽然美国经济在过去几年中已实现了转型，但某些问题自美国建国之初以来一直持续至今，依然悬而未决。其中之一便是围绕着政府在一个基本上属于市场性质的经济中的恰当角色所展开的持久争论。以自由企业为基础的经济体制，其普遍特征便是私有制和个人创新精神，政府介入应相对微弱。然而，人们发现，政府的干预时不时地也是必要的，以确保经济机会人人均等，能为全部民众所获得，并防范肆无忌惮的权力滥用，平抑通货膨胀，刺激经济增长。自殖民地时期以来，美国政府或多或少地参与到经济决策中来。例如，联邦政府曾在基础设施方面进行过巨额投资，它也提供了私营业主们没有能力或不愿意提供的社会福利项目。在过去数十年中，政府也以无数的方式支持并促进农业发展。
第三篇：1996年高等院校英语专业八级考试翻译试题
1996年高等院校英语专业八级考试
C-E原文：
近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。
法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多彩的或带香味的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。
参考译文：
Version 1:
In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing name cards and invitation letters.This reminds me of the name cards and invitation1
letters of the French people that I saw when I was sojourning in Paris.In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn.The French tend to take extraordinary precaution in making their name cards, simple yet elegant.Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells.The letters which appearing on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not allowing the name of the card-bearer t be overly prominent / salient.The entire card leaves much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness.Version 2:
Recently, I find from newspapers that people at home are interested in cards, name and invitation alike.This reminds me of my experiences in Paris.Random as they may seem, I write them down.Perhaps, the French way of handling name cards and invitation cards provide some useful lessons for us.The French people’s name cards are simple but elegant.They are seldom golden-framed, colorfully shiny, or with fragrance.Words on the cards are very fine and beautiful, and the name of the bearer does not stand particularly out.Their cards leave much space, and incur no over-crowdedness whatsoever.Version 3:
In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends.On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other.If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts.This seems to be the required courtesy on their part.The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality.Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves.Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards.It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way.E-C英译汉
Four mouths before the Election Day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign.It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o’clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted.Even so, the men kept the door shut and drapes carefully drawn.The three principals and their two deputies had come form around the country for a critical
meeting.Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan’s resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy.They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country.The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession.Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials.And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills.Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F.Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.参考译文：这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将，他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源，是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美国上下一片和平，美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外，这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助，因此有充裕的资金用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的候选人是罗纳德·里根，他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统：一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。
这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将，他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源，是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美国上下一片和平，美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外，这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助，因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的候选人是罗纳德•里根，他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰•F•肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统：一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。
第四篇：1997高等院校英语专业八级考试翻译试题
1997年高等院校英语专业八级考试翻译试题 http://
原 文：
来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。
Version one:
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue their further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously.Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work in their laboratories.Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful.In the summer of 1990, ignoring the dissuasions from others, I accepted my supervisor’s sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.Version Two:
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to study in the United States are very diligent.On most weekends, they would spend one day, or even two days, working in their laboratories.Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful.My supervisor is of Asian origin, who is fond of both alcohols and cigarettes, and he has a sharp/irritable temper.Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid academic foundation of Asian students and is particularly good at the1
psychology of Asian students.Therefore, of all the students he accepted for his laboratory, except for one German, all the other five were all from Asia.He even put a striking notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m.to 12:00 p.m.Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness.In the course of the three and half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were accepted into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph.D.degrees.In the summer of 1990, ignoring the dissuasions from others, I accepted his sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.Version Three:
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students work very hard.Even on weekends, they would spend one day, or even two days in the laboratory.Therefore, they had more publications than their American counterparts.My supervisor himself is Asian in origin, who loves to drink, smoke, and lose temper.Nevertheless, he appreciates Asian students for their hard working and solid foundation.He appreciates them very much and knows them very well.Consequently, of all the six assistants he hired for his laboratory work, five were from Asia, only one was from Germany.This supervisor is known for his harshness and strictness on the campus.On the door of his laboratory, he put up a striking notice, reading, “All assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, 10 AM to 12 PM.Nothing but work during the working hours.” In the three and half years that I stayed, he took 14 students into the laboratory but only 5 got their Ph.D.degree.In the summer of 1990, I accepted his offer and started the hard journey of academic pursuit, disregarding all dissuasions.Version 4:
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously.Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories.Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful.My supervisor(advisor / tutor)is of Asian origin who is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp(an irritable)temper.Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into the psychology of Asian students.Hence, of all the students recruited by his laboratory, except for one German, the rest five were all from Asia.He even put a striking notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10 AM to 12 PM.Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness.In the course of the 3 and half years that I stayed there, a
total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph.D.degrees.In the summer of 1990, ignoring the remonstrations(admonishments / dissuasions)from others, I accepted my supervisor's sponsorship and embarked on the difficult journey of academic pursuit(undertaking further studies in the United States).Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously.Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories.Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful.My supervisor(advisor / tutor)is of Asian origin who is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp(an irritable)temper.Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into the psychology of Asian students.Hence, of all the students recruited by his laboratory, except for one German, the rest five were all from Asia.He even put a striking notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10 AM to 12 PM.Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness.In the course of the 3 and half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph.D.degrees.In the summer of 1990, ignoring the remonstrations(admonishments / dissuasions)from others, I accepted my supervisor's sponsorship and embarked on the difficult journey of academic pursuit(undertaking further studies in the United States).Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese
（参考译文）
聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了吃、喝或搏杀，而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰作中寻找到了其实现形式。这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。作为试金石，它们能衡量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们携带着最寓意深刻的主题，可在人类彼此间相互传递。
原 文：
Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable.But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society’s power of choice.We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it.The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and education.But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw.The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental.In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre.These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts;they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire;they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.Make sth.Accessible to sb
聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了吃、喝或搏杀，而且也进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰作中寻找到了其实现形式。这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。作为试金石，它们能衡量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们具有最寓意深刻的主题，可在人类彼此间相互传递。
意译：
第五篇：2014年英语专业八级翻译部分真题
2014年英语专业八级翻译部分真题
汉译英：当我小学毕业的时候，亲友一致地愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的困苦。可是，我也愿意升学。我偷偷地考入了师范学校——制服、饭食、书籍、住处，都由学校供给。只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。入学，要交十元的保证金。这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。当我由师范毕业，被派为小学校的校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
英译汉：The physical distance between speakers can indicate a number of things and can also be used to consciously send messages about intent.Closeness, for example, indicates intimacy or threat to many speakers whilst distance may denote formality or a lack of interest.Proximity is also both a matter of personal style and is often culture-bound so that what may seem normal to a speaker from one culture may appear unnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another.And standing close to someone may be quite appropriate in some situations such as an informal party, but completely out of place in others,such as meeting with a superior.Posture can convey meaning too.Hunched shoulders and a hanging head give a powerful indication of mood.A lowered head when speaking to a superior(with or without eye contact)can convey the appropriate relationship in some cultures.
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