商务交流(二)—2008年4月自考真题及答案5篇

第一篇：商务交流(二)—2008年4月自考真题及答案

全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试

商务交流

（二）试题

课程代码：0089

2一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1．良好的倾听可以产生许多有益的结果，但不包括（）

A．促使对方同意你的观点B．能够尽可能多地获取相关信息

C．有利于改善人们之间的关系D．能给说话人一种鼓励

2．适用于非个人事物和一般性谈话的场合属于（）

A．公共距离B．亲密距离

C．社会距离D．私人距离

3．在一份报告中表明调查范围和限制的部分称为（）

A．摘要B．授权调查范围

C．目录D．前言

4．下列属于不可控变量的是（）

A．领导风格B．群体对任务的激励

C．群体生产率D．群体在组织/社会的相互关系

5．表示某班全体学生期末考试分数的频率分布应采用的视图是（）

A．条形图B．散点图

C．直方图D．圆形图

6．商务文件中的备忘录内容应包括（）

A．存档号B．封内地址

C．结束语D．主题

7．交流时实际期望达到的目标是（）

A．被对方接收、被对方理解、被对方倾听、引起对方反应

B．被对方阅读、被对方接收、被对方倾听、被对方接受

C．被对方接收、被对方理解、被对方接受、引起对方反应

D．被对方接收、被对方阅读、被对方接受、引起对方反应

8．空间影响人们交流的方式，下列选项不正确的是（）

A．每个人有空间属于自己的感觉

B．空间大小通常与地位高低没有联系

C．在公共场所，只要存在选择的自由，大多数人往往尽可能远离陌生人坐着

D．利用空间进行交流时存在文化的差异

9．表示连续信息的视图类型是（）

A．条形图B．圆形图

C．金字塔形图D．曲线图

10．在群体交流中属于“任务角色”所执行的功能是（）

A．提出观点B．建立标准

C．表达群体的感受D．清除紧张关系

11．“可能分裂群体成员”的决策方法是（）

A．权威决策法B．多数投票表决决策法

C．趋同决策法D．达成一致决策法

12．下列属于会议主席在会议之后的职责是（）

A．起草备忘录B．监控进展

C．执行行动计划D．将备忘录两天内发给与会者

13．制作备忘录时，避免做的是（）

A．记录资料、时间和会议地点

B．会后立刻清楚地起草备忘录

C．备忘录中尽可能多地插入发言人的名字

D．使用简短的句子和段落

14．具有“自然并且易于与听众进行各种即时交流”特点的提要类型是（）

A．提示卡B．思路图

C．列标题目录D．详细提要

15．假如你要申请某外资企业的一个职位，除递交一份个人简历外，还应附加的材料是（）

A．证明信B．推荐信

C．说明信D．介绍信

16．缺少有助于理解的非语言暗示的交流形式是（）

A．口头交流B．电话交流

C．书面交流D．面谈

17．通常针对特定的读者，用来陈述正式的、事实性信息的书面文件是（）

A．报告B．备忘录

C．表格D．公务信函

18．信息树适用于演示（）

A．统计信息B．非统计信息

C．连续性信息D．非连续性信息

19．下列关于群体规模描述正确的是（）

A．群体规模越大，个体参与的机会就越多

B．群体规模越小，群体凝聚力越大

C．群体最合适的规模在15人以上

D．解决具有可证实的答案的问题时大群体更有效

20．“准备工作难度大”的视觉辅助工具是（）

A．磁板和粘贴物B．白板

C．实物D．翻纸板

二、简答题（本大题共5小题，共30分）

21.(9分)简要说明电话交流时，如何控制谈话的过程？

22.（6分）简要说明“头脑风暴法”的要点。

23.（4分）简要说明优秀演说家具有的重要特征。

24.（6分）简要说明计划某次交流时必须考虑的基本问题。

25.（5分）简要说明设计表格时应避免的问题。

三、案例题（本大题共3小题，共20分）

请根据下述材料回答26~28题。

辉腾公司是一家跨国公司，拟召开年度总结会议。你是该公司在中国地区的子公司代表将参加此次会议。

26.（8分）列出有效会议参与者的特征。

27.（8分）解释“隐密议程”，并列出各项“隐密议程”的表现。

28.（4分）假如为了节省会议费用召开视听会议，你认为作为会议参与者应注意哪些问题？

四、综合题（本大题共3小题，共20分）

请根据下述材料回答29~31题。

迪亚公司是一家电器公司，目前正与奥卡公司洽谈合作事宜。奥卡公司为考察迪亚公司的合作实力前往该公司进行实地考察。由于此次合作对双方意义重大，因此你作为迪亚公司的总经理，将为这次接待工作做好充分的准备。

29.（4分）你将在欢迎会上致辞。明确此次演讲的目标并说明针对该目标进行演讲应采用的方式方法。

30.（8分）为你的欢迎辞设计演讲提纲。

31.（8分）你认为演讲者的声音素质体现在哪几方面？

五、应用题（本大题共2小题，每小题5分，共10分）

32.某公司2001年—2006年在A、B两地区年汽车销售量如下表所示，请绘制累计条形图。

33.B生产企业1999年至2006年H产品的年生产量如下表所示，请根据所给数据绘制曲线图。

第二篇：英语二自考历年真题及答案

2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

PART ONE（50 POINTS）

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A.became B.become C.would become D.becomes 2.Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life.A.it B.that C.what D.this 3.We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting.A.while B.after C.since D.as 4.We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________.A.who nobody has confidence B.in whom nobody has confidence C.for whom nobody has confidence D.who everyone has confidence of 5.You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it.A.until B.if only C.in case D.unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair.A.behind B.out C.off D.over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it.A.come up B.come up to C.come over D.come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue.A.say a word with B.have words with C.mention a word with D.have a word with 9.There is a deadlock(僵局)in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over.A.a way B.way C.the way D.its way 10.This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages.A.with B.for C.to D.in

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

（二）Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were not limited by licensing agreement.Conditions of this sort, __17__ together in one nation, may well be unique, and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownership for the __18__ of technology.In fact, Japan may be finding this method of operation __19__ effective than in the past ,as her needs for outside technology now require information which __20__ only a few companies and is more closely held.11.A.was strengthened

B.will be strengthened C.will have been strengthened

D.has been strengthened 12.A.position

B.location

C.place

D.point 13.A.entry

B.access

C.presence

D.acceptance 14.A.at

B.in

C.for

D.of 15.A.potential

B.feasible

C.liable

D.inevitable 16.A.until

B.before

C.if

D.after 17.A.came B.come

C.will come

D.coming 18.A.transformation B.transfer

C.transmission D.shift 19.A.much B.little

C.less

D.more 20.A.sticks to B.belongs to C.draws on

D.takes on

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 point for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.One day, the principal came into our room and, after talking to the teacher, for some reason said: “I wish all of the white scholars to stand for a moment.” I rose with the others.The teacher looked at me and, calling my name, said: “You sit down for the present, and rise with the others.” I did not quite understand her.She repeated: “You sit down now, and rise with the others.” I sat down puzzled and dumb.I saw and heard nothing.When the other were asked to rise, I did not know it.When school was dismissed, I went out unconsciously.A few of the white boys laughed at me, saying: “Oh, you’re a nigger, too.”

I hurried on as fast as I could to where my looking–glass hung on the wall in my own little room.For an instant I was afraid to look, but when I did, I looked long and earnestly.I was accustomed to hearing remarks about my beauty;but now, for the first time, I became conscious of it and recognized it.I noticed the ivory(象牙)whiteness of my skin, the beauty of my mouth, the size and liquid darkness of my eyes.I ran downstairs and rushed to where my mother was sitting.I buried my head in her lap and cried out: “Mother, tell me, am I a nigger?” I could not see her face, but I felt her hands on my head.I looked up into her face.There were tears in her eyes and I could see that she was suffering for me.And then it was that I looked at her critically for the first time.I had thought of her in a childish way only as the most beautiful woman in the world;now I looked at her searching for defects.I could see that her skin was almost brown, and that she did differ in some way from the other ladies who came to the house;yet, even so I could see that she was more

2005年10月自考英语

（二）beautiful than any of them.She must have felt that I was examining her, for she hid her face in my hair and said with difficulty: “No, my darling, you are not a nigger.” She went on: “If anyone calls you a nigger, don’t notice them.” But the more she talked, the less was I reassured, and I stopped her by asking: “Well, mother, am I white? Are you white?” She answered tremblingly: “No, I am not white, but your father is one of the greatest men in the country.The best blood of the South is in you.” This suddenly opened up in my heart a fresh fear, and I almost fiercely demanded: “Who is my father? Where is he?” She stroked my hair and said: “I’ll tell you about him some day.” I sobbed: “I want to know now.” She answered: “No, not now.” 21.We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ”means________.A.a white person B.a black person C.anyone that is not white D.anyone that is not black 22.When the teacher asked him to sit down and rise with the others, the author was confused because_________.A.he never considered himself a non-white person B.he thought the teacher didn’t recognize him C.he thought he should be considered D.he thought it rude for the teacher to call his name 23.It was on that day that he began to realize that _________.A.he was a nigger B.he was different from others because of his beauty C.his color was like that of his mother D.he differed from other white people even with his beauty 24.From the passage we can learn that _________.A.the boy’s father left them for some reasons B.the boy’s mother didn’t want to mention his father at all C.the boy never met his father before D.the boy’s mother hated his father 25.This passage generally tells us a story of ________.A.a boy who suddenly realized that he was a colored person B.a boy who had been looked down upon because he had no father C.the miserable life of colored people D.the life of a one-parent family

Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.For Americans, time is a “resource” that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorly.“Time is money,” they say.“You only get so much time in this life;you’d best use it wisely.” The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time fro constructive, future-oriented activities.Thus, Americans admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them.The ideal person is punctual and treasures other people’s time.The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans.They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them, not something they can “use”.One of the more difficult things many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time

2005年10月自考英语

（二）must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In their efforts to use their time wisely, Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons, unhuman creatures who are so tied to their clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life.“They are like little machines running around,” one foreign visitor said.The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future, change and time.To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources.American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing.Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on.In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product.McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals.The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do.As McDonald’s restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.The typical American food, some observers argue, is fast food.26.If a person treasures other people’s time, he.A.does not waste people’s time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome B.does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past C.likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him D.likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time 27.In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people.A.think that time is always there which needs budgeting B.enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday C.are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines D.are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life 28.What is the job of an efficiency expert? A.Writing articles for periodicals.B.Recommending ways of efficient investment.C.Examining the quality of a company’s products.D.Teaching people how to take care of their yard.29.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants.B.Americans are busier than other people in the world.C.The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world.D.The United States is the father of the world’s fast-food industry.30.The best title for this passage is..A.The American Concept of Time

2005年10月自考英语

（二）B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry C.How to Raise Efficiency D.The American Food and Culture

Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling, where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents.Legislation and court decisions have make it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home, and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education.Moreover they quote several merits: relief of school overcrowding, added curricular and pedagogical(课程和教学法)alternatives, strengthened family relationships, lower dropout rates, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems.Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education.Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves.They acknowledge that, in a few cases, home schooling offers educational opportunities superior to those found in most public schools, but few parents can provide such educational advantages.Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children.Typically, parents have fewer, not more technological resources available than do schools.However, the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education.Finally, a sociological(社会学)concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home.Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship.Also, while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved, children taught at home may develop a distorted(歪曲的)view of society.31.The main idea of the passage is that.A.more and more parents are in favor of home schooling B.home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved C.though home schooling has its advantages, it creates as many new problems at the same time D.school education is no doubt better than home education 32.Those who support home schooling think that.A.it’s less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits B.it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives C.it will cause fewer discipline problems D.it’s more important to reinforce moral values 33.Critics believe that.A.few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education

2005年10月自考英语

（二）B.few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education C.school teachers are better than parents D.classroom environment can provide most satisfactory education 34.According to the author, home schooling cannot help children.A.acquire social knowledge B.build up a relationship with family members C.build up pupil-teacher relationship D.develop a right view of society 35.The attitude of the author toward home schooling is.A.vague B.positive C.totally negative D.straight-forward

PART TWO（50 POINTS）

IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.破坏，使„遇难 vt w _ _ _ _

37.37.自愿的，自发的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38.紧要的，紧迫的 a..u _ _ _ _ _

39.39.容忍，忍受 vt.t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.症状，征兆 n.s _ _ _ _ _ _

41.41.最近，不久前 ad.l _ _ _ _ _ 42.放大，夸大 vt.m _ _ _ _ _ _

43.43.概念，想法 n.n _ _ _ _ _ 44.服从，听从 vt.o _ _ _

45.45.苦干的，费力的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.达到；造诣 n.a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.47.使平衡；权衡 vt.b _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.战役，运动 n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.49.装修，装饰 vt.d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50.基本的，初级的 a.e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.51.忠诚的，忠实的 a.f _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52.姿势，手势 n g _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.53.高度地，非常 ad.h _ _ _ _ _ 54.模仿的，仿制的 a.i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55.55.正义，公正 n.j _ _ _ _ _ _

V.WORD FORM(10 points,1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

2005年10月自考英语

（二）basic facility of the city.60.People appreciate_________(talk)with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous.61.Since the author did not stick to the topic, I found his article very ______(confuse)and hard to follow.62.With all this done, I ______(free)from all troubles and responsibilities.63.Had he been treated well, he ________(get over)this disease.64.Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _______(sink)the moment it hit the rock.65.If only the board ________(approve)the proposal and put it into effect.vi．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西。

67．虽然管理者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策还是要求他们考虑到未来可能发生的事情。68．爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。69．这次考试不及格人数多得惊人。

70．二十世纪六十年代美国民间音乐除表现爱情与希望外，还表现反战情绪。

vii.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Planning is a very important activity in our lives.It can give pleasure and even excitement, but cause quite severe headaches.The more significant the task ahead, the more careful the planning required.Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring little or no planning.It is almost a routine.A month’s touring holiday abroad, or better still, getting married, is a different matter altogether.If the holiday involves a church wedding, with 50 guests, a reception, a honeymoon in Italy, and returning to a new home, this requires even more planning to make sure that is successful.Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and of avoiding costly failures we cannot afford.It is equally essential to mankind as a whole, to nations, to families and to each individual;the scale may vary, but the degree of importance does not.2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案

Ⅰvocabulary and structure(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.C Ⅱcloze test(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)11.D 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.B Ⅲreading comprehension(本大题共15题，每小题2分，共30分)21.B 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.A 26.A 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.A 31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.D Ⅳword spelling(本大题共20题，每小题0.5分，共10分)36.wreck 37.voluntary 38.urgent 39.tolerate 40.symptom 41.lately 42.magnify 43.notion 44.obey 45.painstaking 46.attainment 47.balance 48.campaign 49.decorate 50.elementary 51.faithful 52.gesture 53.highly 54.imitative 55.justice

2005年10月自考英语

（二）Ⅴword form(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)56.is done 57.settled

58.dangerously 59.to be accomplished 60.talking 61.confusing 62.have been freed 63.would have got over 64.sank 65.would approve

VI.Translation front Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)66.Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste and the most difficult thing to control.67.Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events.68.Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.69.The number of failures in the examination is surprisingly large.70.The American folk music in the 1960’s expressed anti-war sentiments as well as love and hope.VII．Translation from English into Chinese.(本大题共15分)计划是我们生活中一项非常重要的活动。它能使人愉快，甚至令人兴奋，但也会让人十分头疼。工作越重要，所需的计划就要越仔细。按时上班或上学是几乎根本不需要计划的工作，它只不过是日常事务。而长达一个月的国外旅游度假，或更甚之，结婚娶亲，就完全是两码事了。如果假期中还要举行婚礼，接待50位来宾，举办招待会，去意大利度蜜月，再回到新家，那就更需要计划周全，以确保成功。计划使我们能够保证成功，避免那些代价昂贵，而我们又难以承受的失败。对于整个人类、民族、家庭乃至个人来说，计划同样又是必不可少的。其规模可大可小，但重要性都一样。

2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

PART ONE(50 POINTS)I．Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1point each)1.It would be better to make a decision now, ______ leave it until next week.A.other than B.rather than C.less than D.more than 2.We'll inform you as soon as tickets become ______.A.valuable B.capable C.acceptable D.available 3.The foreign company has been______ running this factory for decades.A.enormously B.effectively C.infinitely D.extremely 4.If you ______ my advice, you wouldn't be in such trouble now.A.took B.takes C.has taken D.had taken 5.The meeting ______, we left the room quickly for dinner.A.over B.was over C.is over D.been over 6.All the money ______, Frederick started looking for work.A.having spent B.has been spent C.having been spent D.had been spent 7.______ his talk when Mary ran out of the lecture hall.A.Hardly had be begun B.Hardly he had begun C.Hardly he has begun D.He hardly had begun 8.The two sisters are _____ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.A.like B.likely C.alike D.lively 9.The purpose of the program is to provide training for employees so that they can work ______.A.late B.later C.lately D.latest 10.I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ______ kind.A.above all B.in all C.at all D.after all II.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point each)However careful one may be, he cannot possibly listen carefully to everything that he hears.There are 11 of reasons for this.One of them is the overload of messages most of us 12 each day.In addition to the numerous hours we 13 hearing other people speak, we may spend several hours listening to the radio or sitting in front of a television set.14, it is impossible to focus our attention completely on what is said;our mind might be 15 elsewhere.Preoccupation with our personal concerns is 16 reason we don't always listen carefully.A romance 17 sour or a good grade on a test may take prominence in our mind even as 18 is speaking to us.Furthermore, we are surrounded by all kinds of noises which interfere 19 listening.For example, voices at a party or 20 of traffic may simply make it difficult for us to catch everything that is being said.11.A.the number B.a number C.number D.numbers 12.A.accept

B.obtain C.receive D.possess 13.A.put

B.consume C.spend D.spare 14.A.Besides B.Whereas C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless 15.A.wondering B.swinging C.recycling D.wandering 16.A.other B.some

C.the other D.another

2005年10月英语

（二）17.A.gone

B.going

C.goes

D.went 18.A.anyone B.everyone C.someone D.few 19.A.to

B.with

C.of D.about 20.A.sound B.noise

C.voice

D.scream III.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points each)Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Many of today's most trusted sales techniques were invented over a century ago by a young merchant named Eaton in Toronto.When he was young, Eaton worked briefly with his brothers in small-town stores.In 1869, he sep up his own shop in downtown Toronto.He had many competitors, but he was also ambitious and had a plan for success.He offered a unique style of trade, but as was expected, all the other shopkeepers laughed at him, believing he would eventually fail.However, Eaton was not a man to be easily defeated;he came up with a brand new notion of business-“Goods satisfactory, or money refunded.” He sold all his goods at fixed prices and only for cash.With a sharp sense of what the public wanted, he went out of the way to meet their needs.His business grew rapidly.He set up new branches and started mail order service that allowed people to buy from a list of his goods.Eaton's list-advertisements of his day-was the first of its kind.It was distributed and read all over the country.It was the only way to access good-quality goods at reasonable prices for people living far away from big cites.It became part of their life.They even called it The Wishing Book.The secret of the list's success was that Eaton gained the respect of this customers;they trusted him for good prices and quality goods.Probably because he remembered his miserable early days in Ireland, Eaton thought much of the welfare of his employees: better working conditions, shorter weekday hours than his competitors and Saturday afternoons off in the summer.In all this, he was a leader.21.The best description of Eaton is that ______.A.he was the richest merchant in Toronto B.he was a successful technical inventor C.he introduced new sales practices D.he changed people's ideas about businessmen 22.Eaton's success lay primarily in that ____.A.he sold only good quality goods B.he was the first person to provide good service C.he treated his employees better than any of his competitors D.he won respect from his customers 23.From the passage we can infer that ______.A.Eaton invented the idea of the internet shopping B.Eaton drove other businessmen to failure C.Eaton never sold his goods on credit D.Eaton was defeated by his rivals 24.The best title for this passage is _____.A.Good Goods, of Money Refunded B.Eaton, a Sales Inventor C.Customers' Respect, a Secret of Success D.Eaton's list, a Welcome Event in Sales History

2005年10月英语

（二）25.Eaton's List was important to people on farms because it was a convenient way of getting _____.A.good-quality goods at reasonable prices B.goods at unreasonable prices C.good-quality goods at unreasonable prices D.poor-quality goods at reasonable prices Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The threat of a global outbreak(疾病大爆发)of bird flu makes it urgent for the international community to cooperate effectively.Wealthy countries will have to provide hundreds of millions of dollars for the testing and production of medicines necessary for treating patients suffering from bird flu.Developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, where the bird flu virus(病毒)has spread since 1997, must work out special programs so that farmers will not hide sighs of possible outbreaks.In addition, the way such farm birds as chickens and ducks are traditionally raised and marketed in the developing world should be changed;there should be more distance between the birds and their keepers.Countries should deal with the disease with joint effort.If one country is inadequately prepared, it will be a threat to every other country.The potential effects of a national outbreak of bird flu are enormous.Firstly, an outbreak may kill large numbers of people.World Health Organization(WHO)estimates that an outbreak similar to the mild Hong Kong flu of 1968 could kill as many as 7.4 millions people.If it were as dangerous as the 1918 Spanish flu, which killed 50 million, the number would be much higher.Secondly, such an outbreak may cause great financial damage.The latest outbreak of bird flu, which began in December 2003, has cost Southeast Asia more than $10 billion and depressed its GDP by 1.5 percent.If a new outbreak of bird flu were to last for a whole year, $800 billion would be lost.Despite the 124 human cases and 63 deaths from bird flu since December 2003, the virus remains mainly a disease animals.However, the more animals that die of the disease, the more chances it has of spreading to people.Large numbers of dead or dying birds mean that more people will be exposed to the virus and change into a virus with new characteristics.If the international community works together efficiently, man can surely prevent such a virus and possibly save millions of lives.26.Faced with the threat of a global outbreak of bird flu, the international community should ________.A.establish new markets B.work together effectively C.stop birds from flying to other countries D.raise fewer chickens and ducks 27.The second paragraph focuses on ______.A.World Health Organization B.flus in Hong Kong and Spain C.the economy of Southeast Asia D.possible effects of a bird flu outbreak 28.The number of people who have died of bird flu since 2003 is _______.A.63 B.124

C.7.4 million D.50 million 29.In the third paragraph, the author is mainly interested in _____.2005年10月英语

（二）A.stimulating financial growth B.reducing economic damages C.saving human lives

D.protecting bird species 30.The passage deals with all the following aspects bird flu EXCEPT _______.A.the origin and history of bird flu B.the importance of international cooperation C.the possible dangers of a national outbreak D.the significance of preventing it from spreading Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The long summer holidays are finally over and some parents are pleased.“We worry more about their safety in the holidays,” explains one mother from North London.If teenagers are not wandering around on public transport in a big and potentially dangerous city, they are chatting to strangers in an internet chat room!Well, that's an extreme picture of the UK today, but many parents are worried about how much freedom they can give their children during the holidays and at weekends.Weekends are not the only time to worry!Newspaper are full of stories about too many school kids going to school by car because their parents do not want them to travel alone on a bus or train.This summer there were more frightening stories of teenagers disappearing with questionable friends that they met on the net.All the Media stories help increase parents fears, but is the UK really so dangerous? Many young people feel that life for their parents was easier.In the 1960s young people played in the streets more and traveled around town without their parents.“At least our parents can keep tabs on us,” says 16-year-old Julia.“So many people have mobile phones now and their parents ring to find out where they are.I use my mobile to get Dad to come to the station when I arrive late.” Mobiles are not just expensive toys;they help keep young people safe.Most significantly, they help keep young people safe.Most significantly, they make parents feel better.Only one problem is, though, that some young people have been attacked by thieves who want to steal their mobile phones.Young people like going out with friends, but they now need to learn how to get home safely.Five million young people in the UK between the ages of 9 to 16 use chat rooms to make friends, but they, too, need to be careful and never give their personal details to a stranger.Young people today have more opportunities to meet new people and go out at night more than their parents ever did.Now school, television programs and newspapers must help teenagers to enjoy their freedom and to be responsible for their own safety.31.Some parents are upset about the summer holidays mainly because their children ______.A.wander around on bus in the city B.chat to strangers in Internet chat rooms C.make questionable friends on the net D.are taken little care of by teachers 32.For the sake of the safety, many parents send their kids to school ________.A.by car B.by bus C.by train D.by public transport 33.Most significantly, mobile phones _______.A.enable parents keep a close watch on their kids B.help keep teenagers safe

2005年10月英语

（二）C.make parents feel less worried D.protect teenagers from being attacked 34.Teenagers should never give any strangers ______.A.their mobile phone numbers B.their family address C.their personal information D.their parents' names 35.This passage is mainly about ________.A.freedom for teenagers in summer holidays B.safety for teenagers in summer holidays C.activities for teenagers in summer holidays D.troubles for teenagers in summer holidays PART TWO(50 POINTS)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.获胜者，优胜者 n.w_ _ _ _ _ 37.（使）枯萎，凋谢 v.w_ _ _ _ _ 38.垂直的，竖的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39.易变的，变量的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.唯一的，独特的 a.u_ _ _ _ _ 41.地下的，隐蔽的 a.u_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42.真实的，如实地 ad.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43.星期二 n.T_ _ _ _ _ _ 44.传统，惯例 n.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45.同情，同情心 n.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.投降，让步 vi.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.足够的，充分的 a.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.亲属，亲戚 n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.抵抗，反抗 n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50.有目的的，蓄意的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.财产；性质 n.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52.俯望，漏看 vt.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.发源，源自 vi.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54.音乐的，悦耳的 a.m_ _ _ _ _ _ 55.意图，打算 n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ V.Word Form(10 points, 1 point each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56．He _________(write)her 10 letters since he met her last years.57.I think it necessary for him ________(finish)the work in time.58.The house is ______(complete)before his brother's wedding ceremony.59.You had better ________(bring)enough money with you.60.The _______(good)he feels, the more work he will do.61.If I hadn't listened to you, I would _______(make)such a silly mistake.62.The three players repeatedly denied ________(take)any drug.63.People who are entitled to ________(vote)should be over eighteen.64.The government has taken measures to reduce the total energy ______(consume).65.If she ______(catch)the 10 O'clock train, she can get there by lunch time VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.男人的平均身高比女人高几英寸。67.你所说的与我们正在讨论的豪不相干。

68．教育应该使每个学生德、智、体全面发展。69．这本书对读者产生了很大影响。70．这次考试比我们预想的要难得多。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

There is a clear distinction between one who is supposed to know and another, usually a younger person who is supposed not to know.However, teaching is not necessarily the area of a special group of people, nor should it be looked upon as a technical

2005年10月英语

（二）skill.Teaching can be more like guiding and assisting than forcing information into a blank mind.If you have a certain skill, you should be able to share it with others.You do not have to get a certificate to convey what you know to them or to help them in their attempt to teach themselves.All of us, from the very youngest children to the oldest members of our society, should come to realize our own talent and abilities as teachers.We can share what we know, however little it might be, with others who have need of that knowledge or skill.2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A II.Cloze Test(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.B III.Reading Comprehension(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)21.C 22.D 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.D 32.A 33.C 34.C 35.B IV.Word Spelling(本大题共20小题，每两小题1分，共10分)36.winner 37.wither 38.vertical 39.variable 40.unique 41.underground 42.truthfully 43.Tuesday 44.tradition 45.sympathy 46.surrender 47.sufficient 48.relative 49.resistance 50.purposeful 51.property 52.overlook 53.originate 54.musical 55.intention [评分参考] 多写、少写或错写一个或一个以上的字母均为错

V.Word From(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)56.has written 57.to finish 58.to be completed 59.bring 60.better 61.have made 62.taking 63.vote 64.consumption 65.catches [评分参考] 语法错误或拼写错误均不给分。

VI.Translation from Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)66.On the average, men are higher than women by several inches/several inches higher than women.67.What you said has nothing to do/has no relevance with what we are discussing.68.Education should enable every student to develop morally, intellectually and physically.69.The book has made a great impact/had a great effect/influence on its readers.70.The test was much more difficult than we had expected.[评分参考]（1）主要语法错误（如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问以及其他句型错误）或影响基本句意的重要用词错误扣1分。

（2）非基本语法错误（如介词、代词、冠词、大写、标点等错误）以及不影响基本句意的用词错误每两处扣1分。

（3）拼写错误每两处扣1分。拼写错误本大题总扣分不超过3分。（4）如所用句型与答案不一致，只要语言和意义正确，均应给分。VII.Translation from English into Chinese(本大题共15分)一般认为，有知识的人与没有知识的人――他们通常是较年轻的人――之间的区别非常明显。

2005年10月英语

（二）然而，教学不一定是某个特殊群体的领域，也不应该被看作是一项专业技能。教学不止是将信息硬塞进空白的头脑，而更应是指导和帮助。只要你有某种特定的技能，你就应当能与他人分享。你没必要持有证书才能把你的知识传授给他人，或为他们的自学提供帮助。我们社会中每一个成员，从蹒跚学步的孩童到耄耋之年的老者，都应当意识到自己作为教师的才能。尽管我们可能知之甚少，但仍应能与那些需要我们的人来分享我们的知识和技能。〔评分参考〕

短文英译汉的评分标准按译文质量分为15-13分、12-10分、9-7分、6-4分和3-1分五个档次。各档次标准如下：

（1）15-13分。全文翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺。

（2）12-10分。全文主要内容翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺，但有少数语句翻译错误。（3）9-7分。全文不少于一半的内容基本正确，汉语表达尚通顺，有一些语句翻译错误。（4）6-4分。少部分内容翻译基本正确，有较多的语句翻译错误。（5）3-1分。仅译对个别句子。

（6）全文译错或泽出零星单词或全文不译，不给分。（7）缺译的语句按完全译错处理。

根据以上评分档次描述，评分可在相应的档次内上下浮动。

2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

第一部分选择题 I.Vocabulary and Structure 1.The fixed star was a planet.A.made of B.made from C.made up for D.mistaken for 2.Some students from asking questions in class.A.shy away B.blow away C.do away D.carry away 3.Mrs.Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.A.trust B.credit C.convince D.believe 4.Let's personal feelings in making judgment.A.set off B.set aside C.set back D.set up 5.A good worker in a key spot could, he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way.A.as long as B.as though C.as soon as D.as if 6.the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.A.Though B.For C.Since D.So 7.Decision makers must have some way of determining of several alternatives is best.A.that B.it C.one D.which 8.In August 1977, a satellite to gather data about the 10 million black holes which are thought to be in the Milky Way.A.launched B.was launched C.has been launched D.is launched 9.In studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce.A.live B.alive C.lively D.living 10.It is essential that everything in advance.2005年10月英语

（二）A.should decide B.be decided C.decided D.will be decided.II.Cloze Test The money and the time we spend on pets is simply not our own to spend as we like in a time of widespread want and starvation.A 11 organization advertises that for $33 a month they can give hospital care to a child suffering from kwashiorkor-the severe deficiency disease 12 is simply a starving for protein.Doing 13 such a pet, and then sending the money saved to a relief organization would mean 14 a life-over the years, several human lives.Children not 15 from such a grave disease could be fed with half that amount-not on a diet like ours, but on plain, basic, life-sustaining food.It is not unreasonable to believe 16 the amount of money we spend on the average pet dog could keep a child 17 in a region of great poverty.18 what we would spend on a cat might not feed a child, but it 19 probably pay for his medical care or basic education.The point needs no 20.That is all that need be said.11.A.relied B.fund C.domestic D.medical 12.A.why B.when C.where D.which 13.A.with B.for C.against D.without 14.A.to save B.saving C.save D.saved 15.A.recovering B.having C.suffering D.infecting 16.A.which B.what C.that D.where 17.A.alive B.life C.live D.survive 18.A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.Give 19.A.would B.should C.must D.need 20.A.doing B.operating C.laboring D.functioning III.Reading Comprehension Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “Why didn't I realize that Paul was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make up feel bad.But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.If we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky boy” or “You're a lucky girl”, that's being friendly.But there's a bit of envy in “lucky dog.” Maybe he doesn't see it himself.But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important.It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good

2005年10月英语

（二）look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His gesture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you many save another mistake.21.According to the writer, when people look back it is too late, because.A.mistakes have already been made B.mistakes can made them feel bad C.they are unaware of their mistakes D.they are doubtful of their friends 22.People make mistakes when they fail to A.deal with others with due friendliness B.hide their true feelings in what they say C.realize they deserve what they have got D.see the real meaning of what others say 23.Judging from the phrase “just think of all the things you have to be thankful for”, it is clear that the speaker actually lacks.A.optimism B.sympathy C.motivation D.courage 24.To be a successful listener, one is advised to 1.A.ask the speaker as many questions as he can 2.B.observe the speaker as carefully as possible 3.C.listen to the speaker as attentively as he can 4.D.challenge the speaker as actively as possible 25.The passage aims to tell readers how to.A.interpret what people say B.interpret what money means C.avoid mistakes about people D.avoid mistakes about money Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Doctors have long known that eating fish helps protect against heart disease.What they don't know is why fish are beneficial.For years they figured it was a simple question of substitution: folks who replace red meat with fish are naturally cutting down their intake of saturated(饱和的)fat.But a growing body of evidence collected over the past 30 years suggests fish contain healthful elements called omega-3 fatty acids.Omega-3 fatty acids belong to a group of compounds known as polyunsaturated fats.These fats serve as the raw material for a whole host of essential structures in the body, from brain cells to molecules(分子)that regulate blood pressure.Since our bodies cannot manufacture their own supply of omega-3s, we have to get them from the food we eat, mostly from fish but also from plant sources like soybeans(大豆).The American Heart Association has recommended that everyone eat two 85-g servings of fatty fish a week.But the A.H.A's expert panel wasn't ready to declare that taking omega-3 pills will protect your heart.It's just too easy to get more omega-3 than you need from pills, and the panel was worried that an excess could cause serious side effects, such as internal bleeding.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration, however, allowed manufactures of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise the fat's benefits-as long as the label does not suggest taking more than two grams per day.One thing is clear whether you get your omega-3s from pills, oils or fish: they are not cure-alls.You still have to eat a well-balanced diet that's lower in total fat

2005年10月英语

（二）than most Americans currently consume.Otherwise, you're fishing for trouble.26.Doctors have long been puzzled by.A.why red meat is harmful B.how beneficial fish are C.what makes fish healthful D.how red meat is replaced 27.We can learn from the passage that.A.human beings get omega-3s from their food B.omega-3s are only found in fish and soybeans C.omega-3s are the raw material for saturated fats D.polyunsaturated fats constitute human molecules 28.The A.H.A.didn't recommend omega-3 pills, because A.it had no knowledge of the safe dose of omega-3 B.it had no evidence that they can protect the heart C.the pills contain too little omega-3 to be helpful D.one is likely to get too much omega-3 from the pills 29.The FDA allowed manufacturers of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise omega-3's benefits on condition that A.their suggested dose is printed on the label B.their suggested dose is within the safety limit C.the fat's potential side effects are mentioned D.the products contain side effects are mentioned 30.The writer seems to suggest that A.omega-3s can balance one's diet B.omega-3s can serve as a supplement C.an unbalanced diet is made worse by omega-3s D.a well-balanced diet contains enough omega-3s Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It was a terrible tragedy, six times more deadly than the Titanic(泰坦尼克号).When the German ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes(鱼雷)fired from a Russian submarine(潜水艇)in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people---mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Germany-were packed aboard.An ice storm had turned the dicks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into sea as the ship listed and began to go down.Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down.Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to get aboard.Most people froze immediately.“I'll never forget the screams,” says Christa Nutzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors.She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and rarely mentioned for more than half a century.The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary.By unreservedly confessing their country's horrible crimes Germans have managed to win acceptance abroadand make peace with their neighbors.Today's unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history.For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay.But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they've now earned the right to discuss the full historical record.Not to identify German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.2005年10月英语

（二）31.The Wilhelm Gustloff went down because A.it ran into an ice storm B.it was hit by another ship C.it crashed into a submarine D.it was attacked by torpedoes 32.Most passengers on board the Wilhelm Gustloff took the voyage to A.taste the luxury of the ship B.seek protection in another place C.escape the cold winter back home D.enjoy their holidays abroad 33.As the ship began to sink, some passengers A.set the decks on fire as a signal for help B.fought fiercely on the decks for lifeboats C.jumped into sea and swam to a nearby ship D.prevented others from getting on their lifeboats 34.The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy remains a near secret for more than half a century because Germans A.preferred to say nothing about it B.were requested to keep silent about it C.spared not effort to cover up the story D.were denied access to the whole story 35.It can be inferred from the passage that Germans no longer think that A.it is too early to claim responsibility for the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy B.the German tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation's past C.they will be misunderstood if they talk about the German tragedy D.Germany is responsible for the horrors it caused during World War II

第二部分非选择题 IV.Word Spelling 36.结果，成果 n.37.分享，股份 n.38.愿意的，乐意的 adj.39.警告，告诫 v.40.表达，表情 n.41.多样性 n.42.预算 n 43.衡量，测量 n.44.保证，担保 v.45.家庭的，国内的 adj.46.发源，发起 v.47.应用，用具 n.48.激发，作为„.的动机 v.49.可行的，可能的 adj.50.欣赏，感激 n.51.战略，策略 n.52.精制，使精美 v.53.面对，对抗 v.54.一致，相符 v.55.最后的，最终的 adj.V.Word Form 56.Do not let this(say)of you.It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job.57.The theory of black holes in space(accept)by many serious scientists and astronomers.58.If you had been in better health, we(allow)you to join them in the work.59.Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not(ignore).2005年10月英语

（二）60.I would rather you(come)tomorrow.61.One hundred miles(be)too far to travel on foot.62.Robots,(become)increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.63.Every boy and girl(treat)in the same way.64.He took his umbrella with him lest it(rain).65.Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research(do)in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects.VI.Translation from Chinese into English 66.他孤注一掷用自己的积蓄开了一家小商店。67.时差反应是每个国际旅行者可能遇到的问题。68.有人提出管理过程就是决策过程。

69.每个人都是平等的，不管他是总统还是马路清洁工。70.不用说，我们现在已不是生活在传统时期。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese 71.Between labor and play stands work.A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do;what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job;a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer.Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure.To a worker, leisure means simply the hour he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently.He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much;workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays.To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

2005年10月英语

（二）49.feasible 50.appreciation 51.strategy 52.refine 53.confront 54.coincide 55.ultimate V.Word Form 56.be said 57.is accepted 58.would have allowed 59.be ignored 60.came 61.is 62.becoming 63.is treated 64.should rain 65.to be done VI.Translation from Chinese into English 66.He gambled his savings to start a small shop.67.The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across.68.Some suggest that the management process is decision making.69.Every person is equal be president or a street cleaner.70.It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period.VII.Translation from English into Chinese.71.劳役和玩乐之间是工作。一个对获得社会支付的职业感兴趣的人就是工作者；从社会角度来看必须付出的劳动而在个人来看就是自愿选择的娱乐。一个职业是归类为劳役还是工作不是看其职业本身，而是看从事这一职业的个人爱好。比如，这个差异并不是体力劳动与脑力劳动之间的差异；一个花匠或皮匠可以是个工作者，而一个银行职员则可能是苦役者。对此从他对休闲的态度就可以看出。对于工作者来说，休闲只是他为了更有效地工作而放松休息的时间，因此他花费的休闲时间很可能太少而非太多，他常常死于冠心病或忘记他妻子的生日。而对于劳役者来说，休闲就是摆脱强制，因此对他来说自然是劳作时间越少而玩的时间越多越好。

2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

2005年10月英语

（二）D.facility 5.The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from __ in the living room.A.that B.it C.one D.which 6.Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be __.A.shutdown B.done away C.taken off D.called off 7.Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment.A.expended B.paid C.cost D.charged 8.Having decided to rent a flat, we __ contacting housing agencies in the city.A.set about B.set down C.set out D.setup 9.The book fair has received a positive __ from readers.A.result B.response C.settlement D.solution 10.If the operation __ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful.A.was not B.has not been C.had not been D.were not

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 point each)The basic principle of radar is illustrated by what happens when one shouts in a e.The echoof the shouting 11 the walls helps a person determine the size of i cave.With radar, however , the waves are radio waves instead of 12 waves.dio waves travel 13 the speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in a second.A lar set 14 a short burst of radio waves.Then it receives the echoes 15 when waves bounce(Silt)off objects.By determining the time it 16 for the echoes to imi to the radar set, a trained technician 17 determine the distance between the [ar set and other objects.The word “radar”, 18 , gets its name from the term dio detection and ranging.“ ”Ranging“ is the term for detection of the 19 between object and the radar set.Besides being of critical importance to pilot, radar is 20 for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms.11.A.through B.for

2005年10月英语

（二）C.on D.against 12.A.sound B.light C.heat D.tide 13.A.in B.at C.over D.on 14.A.sends out B.works out C.figures out D.puts out 15.A.producing B.produced C.produce D.produces 16.A.spends B.takes C.kills D.makes 17.A.can B.must C.ought to D.has to 18.A.incase B.in turn C.in short D.in fact 19.A.length B.width C.distance D.space 20.A.Eventual B.internal C.external D.essential Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

2005年10月英语

（二）better to live than not to live at all.“ A lively discussion followed.A banker, who was then younger and more nervous than the lawyer, suddenly lost his temper and cried out, ”It's a lie.I bet you two million.You wouldn't stick in a cell even for five years.“ ”If you mean it,“ replied the young lawyer, ”I bet I'll stay there longer;make it fifteen instead of five.“ ”Fifteen!Done!“ cried the banker.”Gentleman, I bet you two millions.“ ”Agreed.Two millions for my freedom,“ said the lawyer.So this wild, ridiculous bet came to pass.The banker could not hide his excitement During supper he said to the lawyer jokingly, ”Come to your senses, young man, before it's too late.Two millions are nothing to me, but you stand to lose three or four of the best years of your life.I say three or four because you'll never stick it out any longer Don't forget that voluntary imprisonment is much harder to put up with than a enforced one.The idea that you have the right to free yourself any moment will poison your life in the cell.I pity you.“ And now the banker, pacing from comer to comer, recalled all this and asked himself, ”Why did I make this bet? What's the good? The lawyer lost fifteen years of hi life and I threw away two millions.Will it convince people that capital punishment is worse or better than imprisonment for life? No, no!Rubbish!On my part, it was the caprice（心血来潮）of a well-fed millionaire;on the lawyer's part, it's the pure greed c gold." 21．The lawyer would choose life imprisonment because.A.he was younger than the banker B.capital punishment was immoral C.it was better than capital punishment D.the banker would give him $200,000 22.The author considers the bet between the lawyer and the banker.A.interesting B.ridiculous C.capricious D.instructive 23.The word 'company' in the first paragraph refers to __.A.companions B.bankers C.lawyers D.prisoners 24.The banker was extremely excited because __.A.he was too rich to care for the money B.he was sure of his winning the bet C.the lawyer would give up in 15 years D.the lawyer would give up before 5 years 25.In the end, the banker considers his bet with the lawyer __.A.rational B.reasonable C.beneficial D.unreasonable Passage Two

2005年10月英语

（二）Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Online learning is also called distance education, which helps students who take classes by computer over the Internet to learn certain courses and earn a degree.And it has become more and more popular with both young people and educational institutions.The School of Continuing and Professional Studies of New York University in Manhattan began online classes in 1992.Its Virtual School has taught more than 10,000 students from across the United States and other countries.Last year，the school launched NYU Online.It offers NYU's first online Programs for a bachelor's degree.Programs are offered in three areas;leadership And management, information systems management and social sciences.The classes are highly interactive where students communicate with each other and their teachers.Some classes require students to log in at the same time so they can attend live lectures by a professor Students can also ask questions and work together on team projects.The cost to attend NYU Online depends on how many classes a student is to take It costs as much as fifteen thousand dollars a year.NYU offers no financial aid for international students in this program.If you are interested in the program, you can gel more details at the website: www.xiexiebang.common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction.This is not true.The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature.Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature, yet we are destroying them at a great rate.They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of rich countries.Central American forests are being destroyed for grassland to make pet food in the United States cheaper;in Papua slew Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products;in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Hong Kong.Therefore, a rich person living thousands of miles away may cause more tropical forest destruction than a poor person living in the forest itself.In short, it is everybody's duty to safeguard the future of mankind—not only through population control, but by being more aware of the effect his actions have on nature.Nature is both fragile and powerful.It is very easily destroyed;on the other hand, it can easily destroy its most dangerous enemy—man.31.According to the first paragraph, people usually believe that.A.poor people in poor countries contribute to the imbalance of nature B.rich people know how to protect the environment by taking actions C.people in poor areas know a lot about the birth control D.rich people in rich countries have done a lot to balance nature 32.In the author's opinion, __.A.developing countries should be responsible for environmental problems B.overpopulation in the world is created by the developed countries C.rich countries exercise worse influence on environment than poor countries D.all countries should bring the population growth under control 33.The purpose of the second paragraph is mainly to illustrate __.A.how the forests in the U.S.are being destroyed B.which countries are the victims of the imbalance of nature C.what Japan has done to develop its own economy D.how South Asian countries make quality furniture 34.Nature is very easily destroyed by __.A.rich people B.poor people C.natural disasters D.mankind 35.The topic of the passage is that __.A.the control of population is essential to the development of a nation

2005年10月英语

（二）B.natural resources are important to the economic development of a country C.awareness of the effects of man's actions is as important as population control D.developed countries should do more to protect natural environment on the earth IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36．到国外；在国外 ad.a 37.相反的；不利的 a.a

38.帝国 n.e

39.典礼，仪式 n.c

40.环境；境遇 n.c

41.密集度，稠密度 n.d

42.出现，涌现 v.e

43.扩大，放大 n.e

44.特征，特色 n.f

45.杂志 n.m

46.移民，侨民

2005年10月英语

（二）n.i

47.许可；执照 n.l

48.同时，其间 n.m

49.需要，必需品 n.n

50.服从，听从 v.o

51.四月 a.A

52.根本的，激进的 a.r

53.狡猾的；难处理的 a.t

54.策略，战略 n.s

55.宇宙的，普遍的 a.u

V.Word Form(10 points, 1 point each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

2005年10月英语

（二）61.She had an outward __(appear), but deep down she was really worried.62.There are a __(surprise)large number of mistakes in the test paper.63.Weather __(permit), the football match will be played on Wednesday.64.He lay perfectly still and __(play)dead to escape capture by the enemy.65.We are supposed __(follow)the teachers9 instructions, VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66．当人类对周围的环境开始发问时，科学就诞生了。67．他尽管病得很重，但还是参加了会议。

68．这项研究结果表明白日梦有助于提高一个人适应新环境的能力。69．直到这次求职面试失败，他才意识到英语学习的重要性。70．随着经济发展和社会进步，人们越来越关心生活质量。Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)When you turn on the television, put on your shoes or drive to a store, you're using energy.Energy is one of the most fundamental forces in the world.Animals use energy to walk and run.Trees and plants use energy to grow.People use it to work and play.Energy is everywhere in nature—in the light of the sun, in the wind, in the forest, in water currents and erupting volcanoes.Without energy, there is no life.We use our own energy constantly and we continually make use of all kinds of energy.Energy can be divided into two different types: stored energy and dynamic energy.Stored energy is called potential energy, and the latter refers to energy in motion.If you stretch out a rubber band, this produces potential energy.If you let it go, it moves an produces the dynamic energy.2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure（每小题1分，共10分）I.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C II.Cloze Test(每小题1分，共10分)11.D 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C

2005年10月英语

（二）20.D Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(每小题2分，共30分)21.C 22.B 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.D 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.C IV.Word Spelling(每两小题1分，共30分)36.abroad 37.adverse 38.empire 39.ceremony 40.circumstance 41.density 42.emerge 43.enlarge 44.feature 45.magazine 46.immigrant 47.licence(-nse)48.meantime 49.necessity 50.obey 51.April 52.radical 53.tricky 54.strategy 55.universal V.Word Form(每小题1分，共10分)56.depending 57.effective 58.be spent 59.addressed 60.desirable 61.appearance 62.surprisingly 63.permitting 64.played 65.to follow VI.Translation from Chinese into English(每小题3分，共15分

66.Science came into being when man began to ask questions about his environment.67.Despite his serious illness, he came to/attended the meeting, or Although he was

2005年10月英语

（二）seriously ill, he came to/attended the meeting.68．The study indicates that daydreaming helps(to)improve a person's ability to adapt(himself)to a new environment.69.He didn't realize the importance of English learning until he failed in the job interview, or Not until he failed in the job interview did he realize the importance of English learning, or It was not until he failed in the job interview that he realized the importance of English learning.70.With(the)economic development and social progress, people are increasingly concerned with the quality of life.Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(本大题共15分)当你打开电视、穿鞋子、或驾车购物，你都在消耗能量。能量是世界上一种最基本的力。动物行走、奔跑、树木、植物生长，人类工作和消遣，都在消耗能量。能量存在于阳光、风、树林、水流和喷发的火山中，自然界中不无处不在。没有能量，就没有生命。我们在不断地消耗自身的能量，也在不断地消耗其他种类的能量。

能量有两种不同的类型：储能和动能。储能被称之为潜能，而动能被称之为运动能。如果你把橡皮筋拉长，这就产生了潜能；你一松手，它就会收缩并产生动能。

2007年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

2005年10月英语

（二）6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.A.from...to B．from...in C.for...in D.in...from 7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.A.send off B．lay aside C．take to D.turn off 8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.A.expanded B.emerged C.descended D.conquered 9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.A.symbolize B.minimize C．synchronize D.summarize 10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.A.pulled out B.looked out C．held out D．stood out Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有＋个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Curiosity is not only a possible motivation, it is also a great help in your learning languages.Remember that a language is not 11 a grammatical system.It is the 12 of a certain culture of different cultures.It is no good 13 strings of words and lists of grammatical rules 14 you know as much as possible about the background of the language, so that you can understand the ideas conveyed and the references made, as well as the inferences which can 15 the information clearly given.So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which 16 English-watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain 17 and magazines written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and, above all, read-not textbooks, 18 novels, poems and plays.They will show you how a language is 19 used.The English language is a living form of expression which derives much of its 20 from the context, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra-linguistic knowledge.11．A.just B.even C.so D.that

2005年10月英语

（二）12．A.outlook B.outcome C.outset D.outline 13．A.have learnt B.learn C.learning D.learnt 14．A．since B．until C．when D．unless 15．A．be carried over B．be freed from C．be held up D．be drawn from 16．A．influence B．abandon C．restore D.furnish 17．A.film B.television C．radio D.newspapers 18．A．but B．or C．and D．as 19．A．occasionally B．really C．casually D．scarcely 20．A．structure B．implication C．meaning D．indication Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again.Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities.If a child has good parents, he is well fed, looked after and loved.It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known.A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow.His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure．But a child has his pains：he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are;he is continually being told what to do and what not to do．Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents;but at the same time he is forced to accept．responsibilities.With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing

2005年10月英语

（二）about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble.If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be;but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy.With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given.The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life;they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them;and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.21．The happiest people should be those who A．face up to difficulties in life B．hope to be young again C．enjoy life in different ages D．wish to be grown up 22．The word “they” in Line 5，Para.2 refers to＿． A．older people B．new things C．children D．interests 23 ．A child has his pains because＿． A．he can not do whatever he wants to B．he is not allowed to play in rain C．he has a lot of new things to learn D.he can not play at the seaside freely 24．When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to＿． A．live comfortably B．take responsibilities C．make progress in job

2005年10月英语

（二）D．impress the society 25．The best title of the passage might be＿． A．Pains and Ages B．Differences in Ages C．The Best Age to Be D．Happiness and Ages Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.We all know that humans are damaging the environment, but what can we do about it? Some people are trying to do their bit to be more environmentally friendly.Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living, such as recycling paper, tin, plastic and glass.They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites（填埋场），because they are running out of places to dump（倾倒）rubbish.In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep, but in other areas, you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank.Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones For example, some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries instead of plastic carrier bags, or use washable nappies instead of disposables.More people are becoming interested in reducing their carbon footprint—the amount of carbon they use up.They try to reduce their carbon emissions（释放）by cycling, using public transport or an electric car, rather than driving gas-consuming vehicles.Some people choose not to fly for holiday trips because planes are the biggest producers of carbon emissions.You can make‘green’ choices when buying food too.It's best to buy food which was locally grown or produced so that it hasn't been imported by air, or shipped by road from far away.Houses can be environmentally friendly too.It takes less energy to heat a house if it has good insulation（绝缘，隔热）and double glazing(双层玻璃）．You can also create your own energy it you have solar panels or a wind turbine fitted though these

2005年10月英语

（二）can be expensive.You can also save water by using a rain water container for washing the car or watering the garden.It's even possible to use a system where‘grey water’—water which has been through a tap（水龙头）once already, is used to flush（冲洗）toilets.Some new housing projects are being built specifically to be as environmentally friendly as possible.26．The purpose of collecting reusable wastes is to＿． A．save energy consumed in daily life B．reduce the amount of rubbish dumped C．create a new way of green living D．decrease the amount of carbon produced 27．In order to cut down on the carbon emission, more people choose to travel＿． A．by electric car, bicycle or plane B．by private car, bicycle or bus C．by bus, electric car or plane D．by bicycle, bus or electric car 28．It is best for people to buy food＿when making‘green’ choices.A．produced locally B．imported abroad C．transported by road D．grown in green houses 29．As mentioned,‘grey water’ can be used to＿，A．wash the car B．water the garden C．clean the toilet D．dispose of wastes 30．The passage is intended to advise people＿． A．to make use of rubbish B．to save energy and water C．to recycle reusable products D．to have a green living Passage Three

2005年10月英语

（二）Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Americans are a very energetic and mobile people, always on the run;rushing from one appointment to another, from a PTA(Parent Teacher Association)meeting to a social planning committee.They have very little time to spend preparing elaborate（精致的，复杂的）everyday meals to be eaten at leisure.In many homes it is rare for the whole family to sit down at supper together.Clubs and committees force them to grab a quick meal rather than a sit-down supper.When they do have the chance to eat at home, often the working housewife prefers to prepare meals that can be quickly heated and consumed.It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a shelter for fast food consumption.This great transformation occurred after World War Ⅱ when many women began to work full time and spend less time at home with their families.Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of homemaker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity（商品）which had to be carefully used.Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner.Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television.Television became the latest fashion in the 1950s and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite programs.And then, the place for supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.As the customs changed, so did the culture.The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner.These were frozen meals which were divided into portions of meat and vegetables.They could easily be put into an oven（锅）and prepared within minutes.The tin trays（托盘）in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consumed in front of a TV set.Cleaning up afterwards was no problem.The tin trays were easily thrown into the garbage.From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road.Love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile.It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains.McDonald's paved the way with its variety of burgers and cold drinks soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods.Today dozens of fast-food chain stores can be

2005年10月英语

（二）found along highways, in modern shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America.Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger's, Burger King and Wendy's are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture． They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses.These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.31．In America, the whole family seldom have dinner together at home because＿． A．they have so many social activities B．they have a lot of meetings to attend C．they rush from one appointment to another D．they often move from one place to another 32．America has become a shelter for fast food consumption because A．some women are engaged in entertainments B．few women are able to make meals at home C．women are unwilling to cook for their families D．many women are mostly occupied with work 33．The passage tells that nowadays Americans have their supper＿． A．in the dinning room B．in the living room C．in the grocery stores D．in the fast food chains 34．The word “establishments” in the last paragraph probably means＿． A．fast foods B．TV dinners C．shopping malls D．snack bars 35．The main idea of the passage is about＿.A．women's role in American families B．advantages of fast food for Americans C．modern lifestyles and diet in America D．shift of American home entertainment

2005年10月英语

（二）PART TWO（50 POINTS）

Iv．Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。

请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.角力，摔跤 vi w_ _ _ _ _ _ 37．打哈欠 vi.y_ _ _ 38．天气，气象 n.w_ _ _ _ _ _ 39．志愿者，志愿兵 n.V_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.唯一的，独特的a.u_ _ _ _ _ 41．打字机n.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42．绊跌，绊倒vi.S_ _ _ _ _ _ 43．保持，保留n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44．提及，参考n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45．预期的，未来的a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46．忽略，眺望vt.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.功能的，实用的a.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48．部长，大臣n.m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49．使地方化vt.l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50．夹克衫n.j_ _ _ _ _ 51．注射，针剂n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52．女主人n.h_ _ _ _ _ _ 53．真正的，真诚的a.g_ _ _ _ _ _ 54．侄子，外甥n.n_ _ _ _ _ 55．怀疑的，可疑的a.d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ V．Word Form(10 points, 1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56．I would play football with you if I＿20 years younger.(be)57．Just as she was about＿，she was handed a note．(speak)58．I don't want to make a show of＿before strangers.(Ⅰ)59．__is the mother of invention.This is remarkably true.(Necessary)60．The mayor gave a＿speech to call up the citizens against pollution.(convince)61．He was hurt by a flower vase＿from the balcony（阳台）．(drop)62．Neither the prices nor the quality＿in the last contract.(specify)63．The beauty of the place is beyond＿．(describe)64．It is the first time I＿with native speakers in English.(talk)65．The family spent a＿holiday in the country last month.(delight)Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.上周末的音乐会上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的学生担任钢琴伴奏。67.那些年轻人尽了全力才达到了他们的目标。68.全家人都同意去澳大利亚过新年。

2005年10月英语

（二）69．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。70．科学技术从未像现在这样高速发展。

Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual.They contain the history of our race, the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages．They picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature, help us out of difficulty, comfort us in sorrow, change hours of tiredness into moments of delight, fill our minds with good ideas and happy thoughts, and lift us out of and above ourselves.And also, books can help transport us to mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense.In a sense they give us an even more vivid idea than the actual reality.So, precious and priceless are the blessings which the books scatter around our daily paths．We walk, in imagination, with noblest spirits, through the most fascinating regions.50

第三篇：自考行政管理学真题和答案汇总

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试

行政管理学试卷

课程代码：00277

一、单项选择题(本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.后现代公共行政理论的核心概念是()A.公共能量场 C.公共利益

2.科学管理理论的创始人是()A.马克斯·韦伯 C.法约尔

B.赫伯特·A·西蒙 D.泰罗 B.分权制衡 D.公共服务

3.20世纪80年代以来，行政管理理论的共同特征是()A.崇尚市场力量、市场作用、市场机制 C.主要以人的心理与行为为研究对象

B.主要以政治学理论为基础 D.重点研究组织原则与制度问题

4.能够对行政系统策略层次的存在与运行产生直接或间接影响的行政环境是()A.微观行政环境 C.宏观行政环境

B.中观行政环境 D.局部行政环境

5.雷格斯认为，与工业社会相适应的行政模式是()A.融合型行政模式 C.棱柱型行政模式

6.下列属于行政权力主体的是()A.国家行政机关 C.国家立法机关

7.行政权力合法性的基础是()A.执行性 C.有限性

8.“守夜人"政府时期的基本主张是()A.“管得最少的政府就是最好的政府” C.政府应“有所为、有所不为”

B.政府全面干预社会经济生活 D.政府应“有所进，有所退” B.公共性 D.强制性 B.国家司法机关 D.国家权力机关 B.衍射型行政模式 D.人治型行政模式

9.亚当·斯密提出的“看不见的手”是指()A.政府调控 C.财政机制

10.我国最高行政管理机关是()A.中共中央委员会

B.全国人民代表大会 B.市场机制 D.价格机制

═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

C.国务院 D.最高人民法院

11.行政管理机构的管理对象必须服从行政组织的一切合法的规定、命令，服从行政管理机构的指挥与领导，这体现了行政管理机构的()A.合法性 C.执行性

B.主体性 D.权威性

12.在我国，现行的机关档案管理制度是()A.分级管理，单位自治 C.统一领导，分级管理

B.统一管理，市场化运作 D.单位自治，分类管理

13.办理企业登记注册，核发营业执照，并依法监督其生产经营活动的工作属于()A.社会行政管理 C.工商行政管理

14.我国的行政组织体制属于()A.联邦制 C.委员会制

B.分权制 D.行政首长负责制 B.文化行政管理 D.宏观经济行政管理

15.当任务较为复杂，或者下属能力、水平无法把握时，最适宜采用的授权方式是()A.充分授权 C.弹性授权

B.不充分授权 D.制约授权

16.省级卫生厅对市级卫生局的监督属于()A.行政监察 C.立法监督

17.最典型的事后监督是()A.国政调查制度 C.听证会制度

B.行政许可制度 D.司法审查制度 B.主管监督 D.审计监督

18.在现阶段，发达国家电子政务强调的重点是()A.经营 C.控制

19.经济方法的核心是()A.经济制度 C.思想教育

20.行政法律规范最基本的功能是()A.规范与控制 C.改革与稳定

B.组织与调节 D.发展与进步 B.物质利益 D.道德引导 B.技术 D.服务

21.我国行政道德体系最基本的准则是()A.以经济建设为中心 C.为人民服务

B.以社会稳定为中心 D.依法行政

22.行政绩效评估活动的基础和核心是()A.制定评估标准 C.成立评估机构

B.确定评估内容 D.确立评估指标体系

23.根据社会公平的复合理论，分部化的公平是指()A.一对一的个人公平关系 C.同一类别下的公平关系

B.上一代与下一代之间的公平关系 D.团体或次级团体所要求的公平

24.改革开放以来，我国行政发展始终坚持的中心是()A.政治改革 C.发展经济

B.机构改革 D.维护稳定

25.对政府在整个社会系统中所扮演的角色进行重新定位属于行政发展的()A.结构重组 C.行为变革

B.功能调整 D.技术革新

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

26.新公共管理理论的基本主张有()A.强调集权管理

C.在行政管理中引入竞争机制 E.在公共服务中坚持顾客导向

27.一般认为，行政系统的经济环境基本构成要素包括()A.经济力量 C.经济体制 E.科技发展水平

28.下列属于单一制国家的有()A.美国 C.日本 E.印度

29.强势政府时期，政府经济职能的增强主要表现在()A.加强对市场的宏观调控 C.加强对企业的规范和管制 E.强调自由竞争

30.根据行政管理机构的性质，行政管理机构包括领导机构、执行机构，还有()A.监督机构 C.信息机构 E.派出机构

B.将企业管理方法引入政府管理 D.强调政府的回应性

B.社会经济结构 D.政权组织形式

B.英国 D.德国

B.兴办国有企业 D.强化社会管理职能

B.咨询机构 D.辅助机构

31.财务行政管理的主要内容包括()A.预算管理 C.机构管理 E.审计管理

32.行政沟通行为的主要特点有()A.单向性 C.媒介性 E.有偿性

33.行政方法的主要特征有()A.权威性 C.具体性 E.无偿性

34.以产生方式和运行机制为标准，行政管理规范一般可以分为()A.行政法律规范 C.行政组织规范 E.行政人员规范

35.内源式行政发展模式的特点主要有()A.政府始终把自身的改革同自身的生存结合起来，危机意识比较强 B.强调公共部门的民营化

C.注重将传统行政文化与现代文官制度有机结合 D.行政改革与发展大多是在一党执政的情况下进行 E.行政改革忽视本国国情，主要借用其他国家的模式

三、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分)36.简述政党影响行政系统的主要途径。

37.简述西方发达国家地方分权化改革的主要原因。38.简述行政管理机构设置的基本程序。

39.简述我国行政机关实行的行政首长负责制的特点。40.简述行政发展的内部动力。

四、论述题(本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分)41.试述我国行政监督系统的内部监督体系。42.试述行政绩效评估的功能和作用。

五、案例分析题(本题10分)43.2009年10月，孙某开车行驶至其所在公司附近的路口时，路边一名男子称病请求孙某载他去医院。孙某见其言辞恳切，便让他上了车。上车后，那名男子主动谈车费，孙某没吭声，男子就叫停车，并掏出10元钱扔在驾驶台上，同时左手拔车钥匙，左脚踩刹车板。孙某还没有从一系列眼花缭乱的动作中回过神来，便看到从一辆车上跳下

七、═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

B.会议管理 D.会计管理

B.交互性 D.目的性

B.强制性 D.层次性

B.行政技术规范 D.行政道德规范

八个人，卡脖子、反扭手臂将他强行拖下车，并将其带至区交通执法大队。其间，一名戴“执法”臂章的人拿出一式三份的文件要孙某签字，但却用手捂住文件内容。孙某觉得自己本是做好事，却被视为违法，拒不签字，但最后因“内急”上厕所，只好签了字。随后，孙某被认定为“涉嫌非法营运”，并被给予扣车、行政罚款1万元的处分。孙某觉得冤枉，想申述事情原委，却不被听取。万般无奈之下，血气方刚的孙某砍掉了自己的手指头，以证清白。其实，此事件在A市不是个案，以往也曾多次出现过身穿便装的执法人员假装求助过往车辆顺道搭载而被实施处罚的现象。此类现象在当地被称为“钓鱼执法”，并引起了媒体的关注与社会舆论的强烈反响。A市政府责成区政府迅速查明事实，经调查，认定该区交通行政执法大队在执法过程中存在诸多问题。为更好地规范行政权力，接受社会监督，强化依法行政，区政府将调查结果公布于众，并向社会公众公开道歉，同时启动相应的问责程序，对直接责任人追究相应责任。

问题：(1)行政权力的基本特性有哪些?(2)结合案例，运用行政权力行使方式有限性的原理，分析“钓鱼执法”现象的错误所在。

全国2011年4月自学考试行政管理学试题行政管理学

一、单项选择题(本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分)1.下列属于行政机关的是（）A.法院 B.居委会 C.国务院 D.工会

2.学习和研究行政管理学的根本方法是（）A.理论联系实际方法 B.经济方法 C.案例方法 D.定性研究方法

3.早期行政管理学研究的重点是组织结构或程序，其理论的逻辑起点是（）A.“政治人”假设 B.“社会人”假设 C.“行政人”假设 D.“经济人”假设

4.雷格斯认为过渡型社会的市场体制类型是（）A.无限市场模式 B.受限市场模式 C.自由市场模式 D.计划经济模式

5.一般而言，在现代社会里，对行政系统影响作用相对较大的团体是（）A.基于利益关系而结成的社会团体 B.基于血缘关系而结成的自然团体 C.基于信仰关系而结成的宗教团体 D.基于地缘关系而结成的邻里团体 6.行政权力最原始、最直接的来源是（）A.诱导力 B.强制力 C.组织制度 D.个人因素 7.下列属于联邦制国家的是（）

A.中国 B.法国 C.德国 D.日本

8.英美等典型市场经济国家的行政职能演变大体经历了三个时期，其中既强调政府对市场的必要监管，又强调政府干预有限性的时期称之为（）

A.强势政府时期 B.弱势政府时期 C.有限政府时期 D.“守夜人”政府时期 9.行政管理活动的实质与核心是（）A.行政机构 B.行政方法 C.行政权力 D.行政职能

10.下列行政管理机构中，属于信息机构的是（）A.审计署 B.国务院办公厅 C.民政部 D.统计局

11.我国中央一级主管行政编制的机构是（）A.中共中央组织部 B.中央机构编制委员会 C.财政部 D.教育部 12.会议管理的核心内容是（）A.会议文件管理 B.会议进程控制 C.会议质量控制 D.会议档案管理

13.婚姻登记、殡葬、收养、民间组织的发展等事项属于（）A.人口行政管理的内容 B.卫生行政管理的内容 C.民政行政管理的内容 D.社会保障行政管理的内容

14.一般来说，在条件不变的情况下，行政组织结构中管理层次与管理幅度之间的关系

是（）

A.正比关系 B.反比关系 C.不成比例关系 D.关系依情况变化而不同 15.我国行政组织的结构形式是（）A.分权结构 B.直线结构 C.职能结构 D.直线—职能结构 16.最典型的事前监督是（）A.听证会制度 B.行政复议制度 C.国政调查制度 D.司法审查制度

17.在行政活动未开始之前，对行政活动所作的一种预先安排的环节是（）A.计划 B.动员

C.指挥 D.控制 18.行为方法中最主要的方法是（）A.思想教育方法 B.行为激励方法 C.科学管理方法 D.心理诱导方法

19.行政机关运用经济杠杆调节和影响管理对象，对被管理者加以引导和控制的管理方

法是（）

A.行政方法 B.法律方法 C.经济方法 D.行为方法 20.行政道德体系的灵魂是（）A.行政道德主体 B.行政道德准则 C.行政道德观念 D.行政道德水平21.行政职业道德的核心规范是（）A.廉政 B.守法 C.勤政 D.德政

22.在市场经济条件下，政治绩效最经常表现为（）

A.制度安排和制度创新 B.政治社会化水平C.政党的现代化 D.行政权力的规范 23.整个行政绩效体系的中枢与核心是（）A.经济发展 B.行政发展 C.社会发展 D.政治发展

24.主张利用私营部门的管理理念来重塑政府的行政发展模式是（）

A.法德模式 B.英美模式 C.希腊模式 D.发展中国家模式

25.行政发展的主要目的是（）A.提升行政能力 B.提高行政绩效 C.提高决策质量 D.节省行政成本

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)26.行政管理学的研究对象包括（）

A.行政机关对社会公共事务的管理 B.行政机关对其内部事务的管理

C.社会生活的微观管理 D.私人领域的管理 E.企业内部管理

27.行政环境的基本属性有（）A.复杂性 B.相关性 C.综合性 D.层次性

E.动态性

28.与传统行政权力相比，现代行政权力有许多不同的特点，主要表现在（）

A.行政权力日益弱化 B.作用范围日益广泛 C.内部功能日趋分化 D.行政权力的自主性增强

E.缺乏相应的制约机制

29.公共服务市场化和社会化采取的主要形式有（）

A.政府直接生产与供给公共产品

B.政府业务合同出租 C.建立公私合作的伙伴关系

D.企业供给个人消费产品E.政府授权或鼓励社区发展多种公共事业 30.设置行政管理机构应该遵循的原则主要有（）

A.适应性原则 B.协调性原则

C.权责相称原则 D.精干高效原则E.法制性原则

31.宏观经济调控主要包括（）A.结构调控 B.效益调控

C.总量调控 D.数量调控E.规范性调控 32.按照沟通方向划分，行政沟通方式主要有（）

A.上行沟通 B.下行沟通

C.正式沟通 D.平行沟通E.非正式沟通

33.法律方法的主要特点有（）A.权威性 B.规范性 C.稳定性 D.有偿性E.强制性 34.行政法律规范的基本功能有（）A.组织与调节功能 B.规范和控制功能

C.自我调节功能 D.示范与激励功能E.改革与稳定功能

35.一般来说，行政改革的基本内容主要包括（）

A.技术改造 B.人口控制 C.功能调整 D.结构重组E.行为变革

三、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分)36.简述雷格斯过渡型社会行政模式的主要特点。

37.简述改革开放后我国行政职能重心与行政职能方式的转变。38.简述当代西方发达国家行政管理机构改革的主要内容。

39.简述行政管理过程中授权应遵循的原则。40.简述加入WTO后我国行政发展的基本趋势。

四、论述题(本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分)41.请你谈谈我国中央政府与地方政府行政权力关系改革的具体内容。42.试从行政监督系统的角度，分析如何提高我国行政监督水平。

五、案例分析题(本题10分)43.人们习惯把政绩考核比作地方政府行政的“指挥棒”。对于地方政府官员而言，政绩考核的作用不言而喻。2006年，为全面落实科学发展观，中央制定并下发了《体现科学发展观要求的地方党政领导班子和领导干部综合考核评价试行办法》。这个“评官”的办法改变了以往单纯强调经济增长的考核方式。按照考核办法，地方党政领导班子及其成员的政绩应包括：本地人均生产总值及增长情况、人均财政收入及增长情况、城乡居民收入及增长情况等方面以及社会发展等综合评价指标。绩效评估专家也建议，科学的政绩考核指标，应注意把发展地方经济与改善人民生活水平有机结合起来。

问题：

(1)从行政绩效的内容性质看，材料体现了我国行政绩效评估指标体系的哪些内容?(2)结合材料谈谈科学的政绩考核指标，为什么要强调把发展地方经济与改善人民生活

水平有机结合起来?

全国2011年7月自学考试行政管理学试题

一、单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分）

1.行政管理学中最基本、最核心的概念是()A.行政发展 B.行政权力 C.行政职能 D.行政管理

2.认为管理有计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制五大基本功能的是()A.威尔逊 B.古立克 C.法约尔 D.泰罗 3.研究和学习行政管理学的根本方法是()A.经验方法 B.理论联系实际方法

C.案例方法 D.比较方法

4.经济体制的核心是()A.所有制关系 B.分配机制 C.社会资源调配机制 D.发展机制

5.在雷格斯的行政生态学模式中，与过渡型社会相适应的行政模式是()A.融合型行政 B.棱柱型行政 C.衍射型行政 D.法理型行政

6.现代民主政治的核心是()A.三权分立 B.国家结构形式 C.主权在民 D.国家法律 7.计划经济时期，我国中央政府的事权主要是()A.经济管理权 B.政治统治权 C.社会管理权 D.文化管理权

8.“守夜人”政府时期指的是()A.有限责任政府时期 B.弱势政府时期 C.自由政府时期 D.强势政府时期

9.在配置社会资源方面，人们一般将政府视为“看得见的手”，那么，被视为“看不见的手”的则是指()A.国家 B.政党 C.企业 D.市场机制

10.行政编制管理中最大量、最经常的工作是()A.职能管理 B.机构管理 C.人员编制管理 D.财务管理 11.我国中央一级主管行政编制的机构是()A.中央机构编制委员会 B.国务院 C.中央组织部 D.财政部 12.财务行政理论的创始人是()A.斯坦因 B.威尔逊 C.威洛比 D.古德诺

13.对民间组织的登记、行政区划等事务的管理属于()A.工商行政管理 B.社会保障行政管理 C.民政行政管理 D.人口行政管理 14.实行委员会制行政组织体制的典型国家是()A.德国 B.法国 C.英国 D.瑞士 15.行政组织中最基本的构成要素是()A.行政职位 B.行政人员 C.行政体制 D.精神要素 16.有限理性决策模式奉行的原则是()A.最优原则 B.最小化原则 C.满意原则 D.模糊原则

17.最典型的事前监督是()A.质询 B.审计监督 C.国政调查 D.听证会制度

18.在电子政务的概念中，核心内容是()A.硬件系统 B.政务 C.电子技术 D.软件系统

19.行政管理过程中运用最普遍的行政管理方法是()A.行政方法 B.经济方法 C.法律方法 D.行为方法 20.在我国，制定行政法规的权力属于()A.全国人大 B.省级政府

C.国务院 D.国务院各部委

21.行政法律规范最基本的功能是()A.规范与控制功能 B.自我调节功能 C.导向和约束功能 D.改革与稳定功能

22.在整个行政绩效体系中处于中枢与核心地位，且为经济发展和社会发展提供制度和

法律保证的是()A.文化发展 B.社会公平C.社会治安 D.政治发展

23.行政机关利用法律、政策等手段进行社会管理活动和自身管理活动所产生的工作成就以及积极效果是()A.行政绩效 B.行政效率 C.行政效益 D.行政效果

24.在政府与公众的关系方面，企业家政府理论主张()A.以政府为中心，围绕政府需求提供服务 B.以政府为中心，由政府规范公众行为 C.以公众为中心，政府围绕公众需求提供服务 D.以企业为中心，政府围绕企业需求提供服务 25.行政发展的根本动力来自于()

A.自然环境发展的需要 B.行政体系自身发展的需要

C.行政体系与行政环境相互适应的需要 D.社会大系统与其他子系统发展的需要

二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

26.20世纪40年代至70年代的行政管理学中具有代表性的理论主要有()A.行为科学理论 B.决策理论 C.系统理论 D.新公共管理理论

E.政府治理理论

27.行政系统的文化环境因素可以划分为()A.行政规范文化 B.行政价值文化 C.行政功能文化 D.行政运行文化

E.行政公共关系文化

28.行政权力的具体来源有()═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

A.强制力 C.组织制度 B.诱导力 D.信息

E.个人因素

29.改革开放前，我国“全能主义”职能模式的主要弊端有()A.容易造成政府机构膨胀 B.个人合法权益不足 C.资源配置效率低下 D.企业和社会缺乏动力机制

E.容易产生腐败

30.影响行政机构改革的外部因素主要有()A.经济体制转变 B.政治制度转变 C.社会发展程度 D.国际环境转变

E.行政人员冗余过多

31.宏观经济调控大致包括()A.效益调控 B.结构调控 C.规范性调控 D.质量调控

E.总量调控

32.行政沟通行为的特点主要有()A.交互性 B.媒介性 C.单向性 D.目的性

E.强制性

33.有代表性的现代行政决策理论模式主要有()A.理性决策模式 B.有限理性决策模式 C.渐进决策模式 D.混合扫描决策模式

E.非理性决策模式

34.运用行政方法应遵循的原则主要有()A.调查研究在先原则 B.适度原则

C.坚持具体指导原则 D.思想政治工作领先的原则

E.法治与心治相结合的原则

35.依法行政的基本内容有()A.行政管理意识的法制化 B.行政职权的法定化 C.行政编制的法定化 D.行政程序的法定化

E.行政责任的法定化

三、简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分）

36.简述行政权力的公共性。

37.简述有限政府时期行政职能的发展趋势。

38.简述行政组织的变革趋势。

39.简要总结我国行政管理机构改革的基本经验。40.简述依法行政与以德行政的相互联系。

四、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）41.联系实际，分析克服行政绩效制约因素的有效途径。

42.试论述外源式行政发展模式的基本特征。

五、案例分析题（本题10分）

43.2009年，某市政府在盘点当地经济数据时，发现公务用烟中非本地产香烟所占比例巨大，致使该市每年烟草税收大量流失。为“引导公务人员为地方经济作贡献”，该市政府出台了《2009年市直单位公务用烟考核管理办法》，文件规定：全市所有行政、事业单位、服务中心公务用烟一律实行政府集中采购；对各单位公务用烟数量下达指导性计划任务，每月检查完成进度；未完成用烟计划的单位，由财政部门直接折价扣减该单位的办公经费。在这份文件后面还附有一份指导性计划表，表中规定全市各单位的年抽烟任务为23000条，如按每条烟170元的标准计算，全市各单位一年要抽掉近400万

元，才能完成任务。

该文件的出台立刻引起了许多媒体的关注，并对此事件进行大量报道和评论，社会各界，尤其是当地群众也对该项政策表达强烈不满。在这种压力下，该市政府紧急废除了该项政策，并对由此引起的不良影响向社会公开道歉。

问题：

(1)案例体现了什么形式的行政监督？

(2)除上述行政监督形式外，对行政机关的监督还有哪些主要形式？

(3)行政监督有什么意义？

全国2010年4月自学考试行政管理学试题

一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）

1、行政管理学的创始人是（）

A、泰罗B、古德诺C、威尔逊D、法约尔

2、霍桑实验提出了（）

A、“社会人”假设 B、“政治人”假设C、“经济人”假设 D、“道德人”假设

3、研究和学习行政管理学的具体方法中，主要注重个别事例特殊性研究的方法是（）

A、比较方法 B、经验方法 C、规范方法 D、案例方法

4、对特定行政系统的战略性、长期性与全面性存在与运行产生根本性影响的各种环境因素集合，指的是（）

A、微观行政环境B、宏观行政环境 C、中观行政环境 D、外部行政环境

5、在雷格斯提出的“融合一棱柱一衍射的行政模型”中，棱柱型行政模式是（）

A、过渡型社会的行政模式

B、工业社会的行政模式

C、农业社会的行政模式

D、信息社会的行政模式

6、我国的政权组织形式是（）

A、人民民主专政

B、中国共产党领导下的多党合作制 C、人民代表大会制 D、三权分立制

7、在下列国家中，实行联邦制的是（）

A、中国B、英国C、日本 D、美国

8、行政权力合法性的基础是（）

A、公共性 B、强制性 C、自主性 D、有限性

9、强势政府时期，行政职能所具有的特点是（）

A、行政职能范围大大拓展

B、政府很少对经济进行干预

C、政府职能非常有限

D、适应自由资本主义的发展

l0、行政管理活动的实质和核心是（）

A、行政权力 B、行政组织 C、行政职能 D、行政发展

11、行政管理机构设置的最基本原则是（）

A、适应性 B、协调性C、法制性D、精干高效

12、从行政管理机构的性质看，统计局属于（）

A、咨询机构 B、监督机构

C、信息机构D、执行机构

13、外交部在国外的使馆、领馆属于（）

A、辅助机构 B、派出机构

C、执行机构D、咨询机构

14、人事行政管理最经常的职责和最大量的活动是（）

A、计划和组织

B、制度建设与具体落实

C、使用和开发行政人员

D、激励和监督行政人员

15、预算管理实质上是一种（）

A、技术性的管理活动 B、政治性的行政活动

C、经济性的分配活动 D、经济性的技术活动

16、在西方国家，文官制度最早产生于（）

A、英国 B、美国

C、法国 D、德国

17、行政组织中最活跃的要素是（）

A、行政权力B、行政职位 C、行政人员D、行政体制

18、解决上下级行政组织冲突的常见方式是（）

A、服从权威 B、谈判

C、冷处理D、调解

19、渐进决策模式理论的提出者是（）

A、林德布洛姆B、阿·埃佐尼

C、杜鲁门 D、赫伯特·西蒙

20、最典型的事前行政监督是（）

A、国政调查 B、质询

C、听证会制度D、人大代表视察

21、使行政管理思想变为现实状态的中间媒介是（）

A、行政管理制度B、行政控制技术

C、行政领导方式D、行政管理方法

22、经济方法利用经济杠杆对组织和个人行为进行调节和影响，因而具有（）

A、无偿性B、强制性

C、间接性 D、垂直性

23、所谓破釜沉舟、背水一战属于（）

A、目标激励 B、奖励激励

C、竞争激励 D、反激励

24、建立在“性恶论”伦理哲学基础上的行政管理原则与管理模式是（）

A、以德行政

B、诚信行政 C、依法行政D、透明行政

25、行政职业道德的核心规范，也是为人民服务准则的最基本规范要求是（）

A、廉政

B、遵纪守法

C、实事求是

D、勤政

26、在我国，有权制定行政法规的是（）

A、国务院

B、全国人大及其常委会

C、国务院各职能部门

D、省级人民政府

27、一般来说，一国的行政经济绩效主要是指（）

A、GDP增长速度

B、宏观经济发展水平

C、财政收入状况

D、人民收入水平

28、开展政府绩效评估的前提和基础是（）

A、立法保障

B、公民参与

C、信息公开

D、加强监督

29、改革开放以来，我国的行政改革始终坚持（）

A、以政治改革为中心

B、以经济建设为中心

C、以行政领导体制改革为中心

D、以完善公务员制度为中心

30、行政发展的主要目的是（）

A、提高行政效率

B、转变行政职能

C、提升行政能力

D、完善行政体制

二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

31、20世纪90年代以来，西方国家占主导地位的行政管理学理论有（）

A、新公共管理理论

B、政府治理理论

C、后现代公共行政理论

D、古典行政理论

E、科学管理理论

32、行政系统的经济环境的基本构成要素分别是（）

A、经济力量

B、社会经济结构

C、经济体制

D、科技发展水平

E、国民受教育程度

33、在现代社会，行政权力是一种（）

A、公共性权力

B、私人权力

C、政治权力

D、本原性权力

E、从属性权力

34、强势政府时期政府经济职能的增强主要体现在（）

A、政府加强对市场的宏观调控

B、兴办国有企业

C、加强对企业的规范与管制

D、强调市场作用的发挥

E、公共服务社会化

35、编制管理的主要内容包括（）

A、职能管理

B、后勤管理

C、机构管理

D、人员编制管理

E、档案管理

36、社会保障行政管理的内容主要有（）

A、流动人口管理

B、制定社会保障法律与法规

C、社会保障资金的管理

D、村民自治管理

E、社会保障对象的管理

37、行政系统的内部监督系统包括一般监督和专门监督两个子系统，其中专门监督包括（）

A、政党监督 B、公民监督

C、司法监督D、行政监察E、审计监督

38、在下列行政沟通的方式中，属于非语言沟通的是（）

A、服饰B、手势

C、广播 D、面谈 E、标志

39、法律方法作为行政管理的基本方法，其主要特点是（）

A、灵活性B、权威性

C、强制性D、稳定性E、规范性

40、行政道德规范的基本功能主要有（）

A、导向和约束功能

B、规范与控制功能

C、自我调节功能

D、示范与激励功能

E、外在调节功能

三、简答题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）

41、简述行政权力的具体来源。

42、简述西方发达国家行政机构改革的主要内容。

43、简述行政执行的主要环节。

44、简述成本收益评估方法的具体操作步骤。

四、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）

45、联系实际，分析我国行政职能转变的必要性。

46、试论述我国加入WTO后行政发展的趋势。

五、案例分析题（本题10分）47、2008年5月1日，《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》（以下简称《条例》）正式实施，要求政府公开与公众利益相关的非国家机密信息。

2009年10月8日，深圳市“公共预算观察志愿者”组织成员按网上查到的政府部门联系方式，依据《条例》分别向不同政府部门提出公开2009财政预算的申请。广州市很快进行了回复，并在政府网站上公开了全部l14个政府部门的财政预算。此举在社会上引起极大反响。人们认为“公共财政预算不应是国家机密；预算信息公开，应以不涉及到国家机密、国家安全的信息为限度，其余都应该公布”。不久，上海市政府也顺应民意，表示将向全社会公布包括财政收支总量、增减幅度，预算执行进度、部分重点项目等财政预算执行信息，并表示将建立信息定期公开发布机制。

2010年1月，财政部向各地财政部门发出《关于进一步做好地方财政预算信息公开的通知》（征求意见稿），要求各地做好预算信息的主动公开工作、依申请公开工作和其他相关基础工作，并对财政预算信息公开的内容、方式和范围作出了统一的要求。

由此可以预计，在不远的将来，全国范围内的财政预算公开将成为现实。过去只有人大代表才能了解到的公共财政收支情况，普通市民也可以在网上查到。

结合上述材料，分析

（1）什么是行政信息公开化？

（2）在我国行政信息公开化有何作用？

全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试行政管理学试题

课程代码：00277

一、单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分）

1.与政治相对应的“行政”是指(B)A.国家政策的制定B.国家意志的执行C.企业内部的管理活动D.国家审判机关的执法活动

2.行政管理学的创始人是(D)

A.罗纳德·怀特

B.魏洛比

C.古德诺 D.伍德罗·威尔逊 3.首先提出行政环境问题并予以研究的学者是(A)

A.高斯

B.泰罗

C.帕森斯

D.韦伯

4.在雷格斯的三种行政模式中，与农业社会相适应的行政模式是(A)

A.融合型行政模式

B.衍射型行政模式

C.棱柱型行政模式 D.法理型行政模式

5.从根本上制约着行政系统的规模、体制结构与运行方式等基本因素的是B()

A.政治力量

B.经济力量

C.文化力量

D.社会结构 6.行政权力的根本目标是(C

A.提高行政效率B.发展社会经济C.执行国家意志和实现公共利益D.维护社会稳定 7.在中国计划经济时期，事权主要表现为(B)

A.政治管理权

B.经济管理权

C.社会事务管理权

D.文化管理权 8.在现代社会，相对于国家的立法职能而言，国家的行政职能具有明显的(A)

A.执行性

B.多样性

C.整体性

D.监督性 9.改革开放以来我国政府职能的重心是(C)

A.以阶级斗争为中心B.以科技发展为中心C.以经济建设为中心D.以政治发展为中═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

心

10.行政管理机构的首要特性是(C)

A.系统性

B.合理性

C.合法性

D.主体性

11.国家有关行政管理机构依法在一定区域内设立的分支机构或代表机构是(D)

A.信息机构

B.咨询机构

C.辅助机构

D.派出机构 12.人事行政管理最经常的职责和最大量的活动是对行政人员进行合理的(B)

A.计划和组织

B.使用和开发

C.激励和监督

D.调任和辞退

13.政府预算工作的中心环节是(B)

A.预算编制

B.预算执行

C.决算管理

D.预算外资金管理

14.目前实行委员会制的典型国家是(D)

A.德国

B.法国

C.英国

D.瑞士 15.行政组织中最基本的构成要素是(A)

A.行政职位

B.行政人员

C.行政体制

D.精神要素

16.渐进决策理论模式的主要代表人物是(C)

A.威尔逊

B.西蒙

C.林德布洛姆

D.埃佐尼

17.行政执行工作的关键是(D)

A.计划

B.协调

C.动员

D.指挥 18.使行政管理思想变为现实状态的中间媒介是(B)

A.行政技术

B.行政管理方法

C.行政理念

D.行政人员

19.在行政管理方法中，经济方法的核心是(A)

A.物质利益

B.市场规范

C.道德诉求

D.等价交换

20.行政道德体系的灵魂是(B)

A.行政道德主体

B.行政道德准则

C.行政道德观念

D.行政道德水平21.法律方法所依据的法律，其规范的对象和内容都是相对固定的。这体现了该方法的

(C)

A.权威性

B.强制性

C.稳定性

D.具体性

22.行政绩效评估活动的基础和核心是(D)

A.设计评估问题

B.确立评估程序

C.发布评估效果

D.确立评估的指标

体系

23.一般来说，一国的行政经济绩效主要是指该国的(D)═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

A.微观经济发展水平B.中观经济发展水平C.客观经济发展水平D.宏观经济发展水

平

24.行政发展的主要外部动力是(C)

A.技术

B.文化

C.政治

D.经济

25.行政发展的途径是(A)A.行政改革

B.行政调节

C.行政控制

D.行政管理

二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

26.研究和学习行政管理学的具体方法有(ACDE)

A.规范方法

B.理论联系实际方法 C.经验方法 D.案例方法

E.比较方法

27.目前，受限市场模式在我国仍然存在，主要表现在(DE)

A.全国市场的统一性 B.价格垄断制 C.市场具有高度的独立性

D.价格双轨制

E.全国市场的分割性

28.公共利益作为行政权力的价值取向，在行政权力的运作上主要体现在(ABCD)

A.行政权力活动强调公开性和透明性 B.行政权力的出发点是基于公共利益考虑

C.行政权力体现服务行政的精神

D.行政权力运行过程中贯彻公平原则

E.行政权力具有无限性

29.强势政府时期的行政职能方式主要有(ABCDE)

A.广泛使用法律手段 B.使用计划手段 C.制定产业政策D.采取财政政策、金融政策等经济手段

E.采取直接的行动手段 30.编制管理的主要内容包括(ACD)

A.职能管理

B.后勤管理

C.机构管理

D.人员管理

E.财务管理

31.人口行政管理的主要内容包括(ABC)

A.居民身份证管理B.计划生育管理C.流动人口管理D.公民素质管理E.妇幼保健

管理

32.行政沟通的基本形态主要有(ABCDE)

A.环式

B.轮式

C.链式

D.X式

E.全通道式

33.运用经济方法应遵循的原则主要有(ABE)

A.适度原则

B.与法治相结合的原则

C.精简原则

D.坚持具体指导原则

E.与思想教育相结合的原则 34.行政道德规范的基本功能包括(CDE)═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

A.规范与控制功能 B.组织与调节功能C.导向和约束功能

D.自我调节功能

E.示范与激励功能

35.法德行政发展模式的主要手段包括(BCD)

A.严格监控行政机构 B.调整公共事业 C.压缩人事开支

D.转变组织机构职能

E.改善政府工作效率

三、简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分）

36．简述我国现行行政文化环境的基本特点。P56 37．简述中国改革开放前行政职能的主要弊端。P112 38．简述我国行政管理机构改革的基本经验。P157

39．简述行政组织设计的影响因素。P199 40．简述当代中国行政发展的基本特征。P373

四、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）

41．联系实际分析重构我国中央政府与地方政府权力关系的基本思路。P89

42．试述当前条件下提高我国行政绩效的基本途径。P351

五、案例分析题(本题10分)43.2009年，金融危机导致我国上千家光伏企业受到影响。为帮助光伏发电企业应对危机，我国有关部委及时启动了扶持光伏产业的“金太阳示范工程”：按光伏发电系统及其配套输配电工程总投资的50％给予企业财政补助，对偏远无电地区的独立光伏发电系统，则按总投资的70％给予补助。同时规定每省受补助项目在一期申报时最多不能超过20兆瓦，补贴标准为20元／瓦。“金太阳示范工程”对陷入金融危机困顿中的光伏企业来说，无疑是“及时雨”。一时间，对“金太阳示范工程”趋之若鹜的不只是从事光伏发电的企业，还包括一些不具备资质和条件的投资者，他们共同造就了当年中国光

伏产业的“繁荣”。

但在“繁荣”的背后，有部分企业采取虚报甚至使用低、劣产品上马光伏项目等方式骗取政府补贴，对我国光伏产业的正常发展产生了不良影响。面对扶持政策及其导致的后果，光伏发电企业及相关专家认为：引导光伏产业的发展，财政扶持是必要的，但要把好事办好，政府出台政策前应做好咨询与信息收集工作，倾听行业意见，同时对享受政策补助的企业应加强市场调查与监管。而当务之急应是出台解决光伏企业上网电价问题的扶持政策。因为按照现在光伏发电企业的投资成本、实际发电天数、现行的电价，光伏发电企业是难以全面盈利的。但是，目前我国的“金太阳示范工程”项目补贴的重点═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

主要集中在安装环节，并未解决上网电价这一关键性问题。另外，“金太阳示范工程”项目按照每省20兆瓦的标准进行补贴，没有考虑到东西部地区土地和光照条件的差别。以北京、上海为例，想要找到可以生产20兆瓦的太阳能生产基地恐怕比在西部的荒漠里难得多。不仅如此，与光伏发电产业政策相配套的措施，如“金太阳示范工程”的验收标准尚没制定，评估机制尚不健全，后期监管措施也几乎没有。凡此种种，势必给光伏

产业的发展带来不利影响。

问题：(1)结合案例，说明我国行政决策程序上存在的主要问题。P239

(2)结合案例，谈谈实现我国行政决策的科学化、民主化的基本思路。P243

参考答案

一、单选：

1-5 BDAAB；6-10 CBACC;11-15 DBBDA 16-20 CDBAB 21-25 CDDCA

二、多选： ACDE 27 DE 28 ABCD 29 ABCDE 30 ACD 31ABC 32 ABCDE 33 ABE 34

CDE 35 BCD

三、简答题

36.答：①管制型行政总体价值观向服务型行政总体价值观的转变； ②全能普化型行政功能文化向有限分工型行政功能文化的转变； ③自律本位型行政运行文化向法律本位型行政运行文化的转变； ④依附服从型行政公共关系文化向自主参与型行政公共关系文化的转变。37.答：①造成政府机构膨胀；②资源配置效率低下；③企业和社会缺乏动力机制；

④容易产生腐败。

38.答：①坚持以适应社会主义市场经济体制为改革的目标，把转变政府行政职能作

为机构改革的关键；

②坚持精简、统一、效能的原则，把精兵简政和优化政府组织结构作为机构改革的重要

任务；

③坚持积极稳妥的方针，既审时度势，把握时机，坚定不移地迈出改革步伐，又充分考虑各方面可承受的程度，审慎地推进改革；

④坚持机构改革与干部人事制度改革相结合，制定配套的政策措施，妥善安排分流人员，优化干部队伍结构；

⑤按照依法治国、依法行政的要求，加强行政体系的法制建设。

39.答：一般包括三个方面，即行政组织的目标、职能与环境，技术特征以及二者的匹配性。其中目标是行政组织生存的依据也是其合法性基础；行政组织的职能由组织目

标来决定。

40.答：①始终坚持以发展经济为中心； ②正确处理改革、发展和稳定的关系；

③借鉴国外行政改革经验与吸收我国传统行政精华并举；

④坚持渐进式改革； ⑤立足于中国国情

四、论述题

41.答：根据我国国情，总结发达国家处理中央政府与地方政府关系的成功经验，在中国中央政府与地方政府关系改革的目标模式上，必须改变过去中央高度集权体制，建立新型体制，形成一种职权明确、权责统一、协调制衡的法制化的关系模式，充分发挥中央和地方两个积极性，更好地促进市场经济体制的建立和完善，促进社会主义民主政治的发展，其具体内容包括：①以宪法形式明确规定两者分权范围；

②实现中央与地方利益分配的合理化；

③实行地方分权和基层自治； ④健全和完善对地方权力的监督。

43、答：

（一）改革和创新经济体制、政治体制，强化法治政府的行政理念，为提高行政绩效创造一个良好的行政环境。一方面，市场经济体制、民主政治体制和法治理念，是当前我国最需要的行政环境；另一方面，政治体制方面的不断完善和法治政府的建立，加强了对行政组织的监督和控制，为提高政府活力和创新能力提供了保障。

（二）不断改革行政体制，进行政府的运行机制创新，做到决策、执行和监督相协调，以提高行政绩效。为此，需要做到：①完善科学化、民主化决策机制；②实现依法行政；③加强对行政权力的制约和监督。

（三）提高行政绩效，必须建设高素质的公务员队伍。

（四）建立和健全良好的行政绩效评估体系，完善行政绩效管理制度，提高行政绩效水平。必须做到：①绩效管理需要立法保障；②公民参与机制是行政评估体系必不可少的条件；③必须建立健全合理有效的评估体制；④建立完善的信息系统。

五、案例分析

答：(1)我国行政决策程序上存在的主要问题：

①决策信息的收集和处理工作存在信息不全和信息失真的问题； ②决策方案的设计存在着“粗而不细”和专业化程度低问题；

③决策方案的评估存在着“论而不证”的问题；

④决策方案的选择存在着民主化程度低的问题。（要结合本案例来分析存在的问题）

(2)实现我国行政决策的科学化、民主化的基本思路：为了实现我国行政决策的科学化和民主化，必须做到：

①强化行政决策过程的信息工作；②强化行政决策过程的咨询工作；③强化行政决策的民主参与；④强化行政决策的制度建设。尤其加强行政决策的制度建设是完善政府行政决策程序的关键。因为只有通过制度才能保证政府行政决策、特别是重大决策按照科学民主的决策程序进行，在条件成熟的情况下，对行政决策、特别是政府重大决策程序和制度进行立法。这样，通过决策程序和制度来保证政府决策的科学化和民主化，通过决策立法来保证决策程序和制度得到遵守和落实，从而实现行政决策科学化、民主化和法制化的统一。（注意要结合本案例来分析）

2009年7月自考《行政管理学》试题和答案

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分)

1.西方行政管理学的创始人是（）

A.威尔逊 B.史坦因 C.魏洛比 D.古德诺

答案C 解析:行政学一词最早是由德国学者施坦因1865年撰写的《行政学》一书提出，但当时其主要内容是行政法。现代意义上的行政学，产生于1887年的美国，以威尔逊《行政研究》一文的发表为标志，他把政治和行政加以区分，被誉为行政学鼻祖。美国学者古德诺于1900年发表了《政治与行政》一书，把政治功能和行政功能予以理清，探讨了政治与行政的协调。从此，越来越多的学者把行政学作为独立学科加以研究。1926年，美国学者怀特出版《行政学导论》一书，作为首套行政学教材，确立了行政学学科体系。在怀特之后，1927年美国学者魏劳毕发表《行政学原理》，1930年美国学者费富纳发表《行政学》，两人在行政学体系上进一步完善怀特的工作，重点研究了管理工作中的财政与预算问题，讨论了物质与采购、储藏等问题。至此，行政管理学这门学科基本形═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

成。

2.在我国，行政管理的主体是（）

A.人民代表大会 B.人民政府

C.人民政协 D.党委

答案:B 解析:在我国，行政管理主体是国务院和地方各级人民政府。公共行政客体是国家事务、社会公共事务和行政机关的内部事务。行政管理活动的根本原则是依法管理。

3.法国学者法约尔提出的著名管理理论是（）

A.管理过程理论 B.组织行为理论 C.科学管理理论 D.官僚组织理论

答案:A 解析:法约尔的一般管理理论是西方古典管理思想的重要代表，后来成为管理过程学派的理论基础（该学派将法约尔尊奉为开山祖师），也是以后各种管理理论和管理实践的重要依据，对管理理论的发展和企业管理的历程均有着深刻的影响。4.在雷格斯的行政生态模式中，工业社会的行政模式被称为（）

A.融合型模式 B.衍射型模式 C.交互型模式 D.棱柱型模式 5.经济体制的核心是（）A.价格形成机制 B.经济增长方式 C.社会资源调配制度 D.经济核算制度

答案:C 解析:经济体制，主要分社会主义公有制和资本主义私有制两种，顾名思义，“公有”、“私有”主要体现的是社会资源的调配模式。

6.真正使行政生态研究成为一门系统的行政学分支学科，并在学术界占有一席之地的

是（）A.高斯 B.雷格斯 C.西蒙 D.泰罗

答案B 解析真正使行政生态研究成为一门系统的行政学分支学科的，是美国学者雷格斯。雷格斯认为：“要了解一个社会的行政行为，就必须跳出行政本身的范畴，而从其社会背景去了解，也即是去了解公共行政与其环境之关系。”雷格斯通过运用生态学理论和方法来分析社会环境因素与公共行政之间的相互影响，建立起了较为系统的行政生态学理论

体系。

7.一切权力最原始、最直接的来源是（）

A.诱导力 B.强制力 C.组织制度 D.利益

答案:B 8.行政权力合法性的基础是（）

A.公共性 B.强制性 C.执行性 D.有限性

答案:B 9.行政管理活动的实质和核心是（）

A.行政职能 B.行政执法 C.行政监督 D.行政指导

答案:A 10.在西方，我们将处于相对弱势地位时期的政府称为（）

A.全能政府 B.无政府 C.“守夜人”政府 D.有限政府

答案:C 11.半总统制类型国家的典型代表是（）

A.英国 B.德国 C.法国 D.瑞士

答案:C 12.统计局属于行政管理机构中的（）

A.咨询机构 B.辅助机构 C.信息机构 D.派出机构..答案:A 13.行政管理机构的首要特性是（）

A.合法性 B.主体性 C.系统性 D.权威性

答案:A 14.整个预算工作的中心环节是（）

A.预算编制 B.预算执行 C.预算核算 D.决算管理

答案B 15.解决与机关工作人员生活起居有关问题的管理活动被称为（）

A.机关环境管理 B.服务后勤管理 C.生活后勤管理 D.物资管理

答案C 16.会议管理的核心内容是（）A.会议质量控制 B.会议接待 C.会议议程 D.会议规模

答案:A 17.行政组织的构成要素中，最活跃的要素是（）

A.行政职位 B.行政人员

C.行政体制 D.精神要素

答案:B 18.行政组织生存的依据是（）

A.职能 B.目标 C.环境 D.权力

答案B 19.行政管理活动作为一种有目的的活动的根本标志是（）

A.行政监督 B.行政决策 C.行政执行 D.行政改革

答案B 20.渐进决策模式的提出者是（）

A.西蒙 B.韦伯 C.林德布洛姆 D.埃佐尼

答案C 21.可以挖掘人的潜能，激发人们的主动性和积极性的行政管理方法是（）

A.经济方法 B.行政方法 C.行为方法 D.法律方法

答案:C 22.行政指令实质上依靠的是（）

A.法律 B.强制性权威 C.道德规范 D.行政权力

答案D

23.破釜沉舟属于（）A.目标激励 B.奖励激励 C.竞争激励 D.反激励

答案A 24.我国行政道德体系的基础与灵魂是（）

A.为政府服务准则 B.为党服务准则 C.为人民服务准则 D.为社会主义服务准则

答案C 25.在我国，宪法将制定行政规章的权力授予（）

A.国务院 B.全国人大 C.省级人大 D.国务院各部委

答案B 26.行政道德规范区别于行政法律规范的最基本属性是（）

A.自律性 B.政治性 C.相对稳定性 D.权威性

27.在市场经济条件下，政治绩效最经常表现为（）

A.政治体制改革的力度 B.政治体制改革的成果

C.制度安排和制度创新 D.经济发展水平28.行政绩效评估活动的基础和核心是（）A.选择和确定评估人员 B.选择和确定评估对象

C.选择和确定评估结果的公布机制 D.选择和确定指标体系

29.崇尚非连续性的渐进主义，主张对行政机构实行更严格管理监控的行政发展模式是

（）

A.英美模式 B.法德模式 C.希腊模式 D.韩国模式

30.行政发展的主要目的是（）A.提高行政效率 B.提升行政能力 C.精简行政机构 D.降低行政成本

答案A

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的。请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

3l.研究和学习行政管理学的具体方法主要有（）

A.规范方法 B.经验方法

C.案例方法 D.理论联系实际方法

E.比较方法

32.一般认为，行政系统的经济环境基本构成要素包括（）

A.经济力量 B.社会经济结构 C.经济体制 D.科技发展水平

E.产业结构

33.一定的社会资源构成了行政权力的具体来源，这些具体来源有（）

A.强制力 B.诱导力 C.组织制度 D.信息

E.个人因素

34.行政职能的特点主要有（）

A.执行性 B.独立性 C.整体性 D.多样性

E.动态性

35.财务行政管理事务主要包括（）

A.税务管理 B.统计管理 C.预算管理 D.会计管理

E.审计管理

36.行政领导行为的特点有（）

A.统一性 B.合法性

C.权威性 D.服务性

E.综合性

37.我国行政监察机关依法享有的职权有（）

A.检查权 B.建议权 C.调查权 D.通报权 E.行政处理权

38.20世纪90年代以后，电子政务迅猛发展的主要原因有（）

A.政府转型的背景 B.因特网的发展 C.电子商务和大公司的驱动 D.全球化的竞争

E.领导人的政治意志

39.行政道德具体规范的主要内容有（）

A.勤政 B.廉政

C.遵纪守法，依法行政 D.实事求是，科学行政

E.热情待人，协调行政

40.根据评估的方法，可以将行政绩效评估指标体系划分为（）

A.经济评估指标 B.效率评估指标 C.环境评估指标 D.效益评估指标

E.公平评估指标

三、简答题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）

41.简述行政权力与行政责任的关系。

答案:从总体上讲，行政权力与行政责任之间存在既相互生成又相互制约的关系。一方面，行政权力引起行政责任，行政责任的设置，就是为了规范行政权力的运行，使其有序化。因而，行政责任对行政权力具有制约作用；另一方面，行政责任的实现与发挥作用，离不开行政权力的因素。行政权力是确保行政责任最终得以实现的保障之一。

42.简述强势政府时期的行政职能方式。

答案:1)广泛合用法律手段

2)使用计划手段 3)制定产业政策

4)采取财政政策,金融政策等经济手段

5)采取直接的行动手段

43.简述我国行政决策程序上存在的主要问题。

答案:（1）决策信息的收集和处理工作存在着信息不全和信息失真的问题

信息的全面性和准确性程度对决策的正确程度起着决定性作用。可以这样说，目前我国一些地方政府在某些重大决策上的失误绝大多数都与信息的不全面、不准确有关。造成这种现象的原因主要有以下几个方面：①是有的领导人对信息工作不重视，在信息不足的情况下过于自信，并仓促做出决策；②是获取信息的方法不科学，我国政府中的一些官员习惯于采用典型调查法、召开座谈会和听汇报等方法获取信息，有些官员甚至为了所谓政绩发布虚假信息，这都导致信息片面和失真；③是我国政府专业性信息机构不足，═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

而且还存在着职能错位的问题。我国政府的专业性信息机构主要有政府内设的统计机构、信息中心、政策研究机构等，但这些机构往往人员偏少。

（2）决策方案的设计存在着“粗而不细”和专业化程度低的问题

目前，我国的一些地方政府对重大社会经济问题的决策方案的设计，往往由政府官员或政府机构自行设计而不太注重专家的作用，甚至根本不请专家参与，即使请专家参与也仅仅是做做样子，走走形式。事实上很多重大决策问题往往非常专业，而我们的政府领导者又不可能是各方面的专家，加之他们精力有限，因此，这些由政府机构自行设计的方案往往比较表面化，比较“粗”而不“细”，专业化程度较低而难以解决问题的实质。

（3）决策方案的评估存在着“论而不证”的问题

近些年来，由于中央反复强调要实现决策的科学化、民主化，因此很多地方政府在决策的最后“拍板定案”前也往往做一些“论证”，其中也有很多论证是科学的、客观的，对于保证决策的正确性确实起了很大的作用。但有些论证也确实是仅仅走走形式而已，甚至有的论证只是长篇大“论”地为领导提出的决策方案唱赞歌，而对决策方案的“正确”与“错误”不加以客观、科学地求“证”，这种“论而不证”的“御用”论证往往是导致决策失误的重要原因之一。

（4）决策方案的选择存在着民主化程度低的问题

民主集中制是我国重大决策的一个基本原则，但目前在一些地方政府的重大决策中，往往强调“集中”有余，而强调“民主”不够。很多重大决策仍然是“一把手”说了算数，这种现象并不鲜见。有些决策虽然表面上采取了较为民主的形式，在决策前让有关方面参与讨论，但最后还是一两个人的意见起关键作用，而绝大多数人的意见则被搁置一边，实质上还是个人说了算，所谓民主只是装装门面而已。

44.简述行政绩效评估的程序。

答案:行政绩效评估程序是指实施行政绩效评估的过程及其所包含的各个阶段。实施具体的行政绩效评估应包括制定计划、初步调查、管理控制评估、详细评估和撰写评估报

告五个步骤。

四、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）

45.联系实际，谈谈在我国当前条件下行政信息公开化的含义及其作用。

答案:(答案要点)1)、行政信息公开化有助于民主行政的发展

2)、行政信息公开化有利于人民的生活和工作 3)、行政信息公开化有利于防止行政权力的腐败

4)、行政信息公开化有助于促进行政效率的提高

5)、行政信息公开化有助于我国政府更好的应用WTO的要求

46.试述当代中国行政发展的主要特征。答案:(一)始终坚持以发展经济为中心(二)正确处理改革、发展和稳定的关系

(三)借鉴国外行政改革经验与吸收我国传统行政精华并举

(四)坚持渐进式改革(五)立足于中国国情

五、案例分析题(本大题10分)47.国务院总理温家宝2005年2月23日主持召开国务院常务会议，研究部署进一步加强煤矿安全生产工作，强调各级政府和煤炭企业要加强领导，落实责任，痛下决心，标本兼治，坚决防范煤矿重特大事故的发生。国务院决定，把国家安全生产监督管理局升格为国家安全生产监督管理总局，提高监察的权威性，强化煤矿安全

监察执法。

请问：(1)这次机构的微调遵循了行政管理机构设置的哪些原则?

(2)这次机构微调说明了什么?

全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试

一、单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分）

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.下列属于行政管理的主体的是()A.北京市人大 B.天津市人民政府 C.中共重庆市委 D.上海市高级人民法院

2.开创了行政决策理论研究先河的是()A.西蒙的《行政行为》 B.威尔逊的《行政研究》 C.怀特的《行政学导论》 D.古德诺的《政治与行政》

3.在行政学研究中，强调在研究过程中只注重对事实的描述，而回避事实背后的规律的研究方法是()A.规范方法 B.案例方法 C.经验方法 D.比较方法 4.雷格斯将工业社会的行政模式称之为()A.融合型行政模式 B.过渡型行政模式

C.棱柱型行政模式 D.衍射型行政模式

5.从根本上制约着行政系统的规模、体制结构与运行方式等的经济因素是()A.经济力量 B.经济体制 C.社会经济结构 D.科技发展水平6.一切权力最原始、最直接的来源是()A.信息 B.诱导力 C.强制力 D.组织制度

7.行政权力的目的是为社会公共利益服务，而不是为私人利益服务，这是指行政权力具

有()A.强制性 B.阶级性 C.执行性 D.公共性 8.“守夜人”政府时期指的是()A.有限政府时期 B.全能政府时期 C.弱势政府时期 D.强势政府时期 9.强势政府时期，行政职能所具有的特点是()A.政府职能非常有限 B.适应自由资本主义的发展 C.政府很少对经济进行干预 D.行政职能范围大大拓展

10.国家有关行政管理机构依法在一定区域内设立的分支机构或代表机构是()A.信息机构 B.咨询机构 C.辅助机构 D.派出机构

11.世界上唯一长期实行委员会制政府制度的国家是()A.瑞士 B.美国 C.法国 D.英国

12.各级政府的财政收支计划和调节经济的主要工具是()A.司法审查 B.预算 C.政府采购 D.市场调节

13.人事行政管理的计划和组织着重于本单位的人才需求和人才选择之间的微观调节的是()A.基层人事行政管理 B.中层人事行政管理 C.高层人事行政管理 D.宏观人事行政管理

14.我国行政组织的结构体系是()A.横向结构 B.纵向结构 C.职能结构 D.直线——职能结构

15.对于复杂的任务，或者下属能力、水平无法把握时，最适宜采用的授权方式是

()A.弹性授权 B.制约授权 C.完全授权 D.不充分授权

16.财政部对其他职能部门的财政收支和财务活动进行的监督，属于()A.专门监督 B.职能监督 C.审计监督 D.上下级监督

17.克服了理性决策模式与渐进决策模式各自存在的片面性，同时把二者的合理性结合起来的决策模式是()A.科学决策模式 B.满意决策模式 C.混合扫描决策模式 D.有限理性决策模式 18.在行政管理中运用法律方法，首先必须要加强()A.行政沟通 B.奖惩制度的落实 C.法制教育 D.平等原则的运用 19.在电子政务的概念中，核心内容是()A.政务 B.硬件系统 C.电子技术 D.软件系统 20.我国行政道德体系的最基本的准则是()A.为上级服务 B.为人民服务 C.遵纪守法 D.实事求是

21.行政机关的职能范围、权限大小与关系都要有法律规范的明确授予与规定，这是指

()A.行政职权的法定化 B.行政编制的法定化 C.行政程序的法定化 D.行政责任的法定化

22.个人或组织开展的活动所取得的成就或产生的积极效果称为()A.效率 B.绩效 C.效能 D.效益 23.行政绩效评估活动的基础和核心是()A.确立评估程序 B.设计评估问题 C.发布评估效果 D.确立评估的指标体系 24.为了保证行政组织的有序化，必须坚持行政发展的()A.目标化 B.制度化 C.弹性化 D.计划化

25.对行政发展的影响最为直接和紧密的外部动力是()A.技术 B.文化 C.政治 D.经济

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二至五个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

26.20世纪80年代以来，西方国家占主导地位的行政管理学理论主要有()A.政府治理理论 B.行为科学理论 C.决策理论 D.新公共管理理论

E.后现代公共行政理论

27.下列关于行政环境的表述，正确的有()A.行政环境是针对具体行政系统而存在的 B.行政环境通过边界与行政系统相区分

C.行政环境只包括有形的事物

D.行政环境对行政系统的影响是一成不变的

E.行政环境构成成分的关键属性在于能够对行政系统的存在、运行与发展产生影响

28.雷格斯认为，在过渡型社会里，行政行为的常见特性有()A.专业化的行政机构已设立，但不能正常运作

B.行政系统在结构与功能上形成了完备的专业化分工体系 C.正式的行政制度尚未起到应有的规范及约束作用 D.行政行为与立法、司法等其他社会行为混杂不分

E.行政行为已出现专业化分工趋势，但尚未做到真正的专业化分工 29.从政府的职能范围来看，政府内部行政管理的职责包括()A.机关行政管理 B.人事行政管理 C.财务行政管理 D.后勤行政管理

E.社会公共事务管理

30.在公共行政和维护社会秩序中，审计管理所起的重要作用表现在()A.为机关工作提供充分的物质保障 B.维护国家经济秩序 C.服务于宏观调控 D.对财务活动进行价值管理

E.促进廉政建设

31.人口行政管理包括()A.居民身份证管理 B.户籍管理 C.流动人口管理 D.计划生育管理

E.妇幼保健管理

32.行政组织结构的变革趋势是()A.行政职能部门之间的地位由不平衡走向平衡 B.随着政府职能的调整，相应部门有增有减 C.行政组织结构从尖塔型结构向扁平型结构发展

D.行政组织部分权力向社会组织转移

E.行政组织团队化

33.运用法律方法的原则有()A.调查研究在先原则 B.坚持具体指导原则 C.法制教育优先的原则 D.法制面前人人平等原则

E.法治与心治相结合的原则

34.行政管理方法中的经济方法的特点是()A.平等性 B.间接性 C.有偿性 D.层次性

E.针对性

35.行政绩效评估的信息收集方法有()A.利用官方记录的方法 B.思想教育方法 C.培训观测者的方法 D.公众满意意见调查方法

E.特别的资料收集方法

三、简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分）

36．简述我国政府职能关系转变的主要内容。

37．简述行政管理机构设置的原则。

38．简述我国行政机关实行的行政首长负责制。

39．简述依法行政的作用与意义。40．简述行政绩效的制约因素。

四、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）

41．试述我国行政决策程序上存在的问题，并联系实际，谈谈如何提高我国行政决策的科学化和民主化水平。

42．联系实际，分析我国行政改革的内容与原则。

五、案例分析题（本题10分）

43．2007年，一场“菜谱审批”**把某市物价局推向了舆论的焦点。这个局出台了一则《关于规范餐饮业菜谱制作的意见》（以下简称《意见》），该《意见》强制规定，该市餐饮业经营者都必须启用所谓的新式菜谱；菜谱必须经该局监制，如果是自行制作，═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

则必须经该局审批后方可使用。否则，将予以相应的处罚。当地某餐馆在《意见》出台后，仍坚持使用既不是由该局监制、也没有经过该局审批的菜谱。该局据此《意见》对该餐馆进行了罚款。这种做法受到了社会各界的强烈质疑，最终不得不自行取消了事。

问题：请运用行政

第四篇：自考英语二历年真题及答案(2005-2011)

2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology.Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets.Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses.Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired.Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were not limited by licensing agreement.Conditions of this sort, __17__ together in one nation, may well be unique, and

2005年10月自考英语

（二）the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownership for the __18__ of technology.In fact, Japan may be finding this method of operation __19__ effective than in the past ,as her needs for outside technology now require information which __20__ only a few companies and is more closely held.11.A.was strengthened

B.will be strengthened C.will have been strengthened

D.has been strengthened 12.A.position

B.location

C.place

D.point 13.A.entry

B.access

C.presence

D.acceptance 14.A.at

B.in

C.for

D.of 15.A.potential

B.feasible

C.liable

D.inevitable 16.A.until

B.before

C.if

D.after 17.A.came B.come

C.will come

D.coming 18.A.transformation B.transfer

C.transmission D.shift 19.A.much B.little

C.less

D.more 20.A.sticks to B.belongs to C.draws on

D.takes on Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 point for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

2005年10月自考英语

（二）father is one of the greatest men in the country.The best blood of the South is in you.” This suddenly opened up in my heart a fresh fear, and I almost fiercely demanded: “Who is my father? Where is he?” She stroked my hair and said: “I’ll tell you about him some day.” I sobbed: “I want to know now.” She answered: “No, not now.” 21.We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ”means________.A.a white person B.a black person C.anyone that is not white D.anyone that is not black 22.When the teacher asked him to sit down and rise with the others, the author was confused because_________.A.he never considered himself a non-white person B.he thought the teacher didn’t recognize him C.he thought he should be considered D.he thought it rude for the teacher to call his name 23.It was on that day that he began to realize that _________.A.he was a nigger B.he was different from others because of his beauty C.his color was like that of his mother D.he differed from other white people even with his beauty 24.From the passage we can learn that _________.A.the boy’s father left them for some reasons B.the boy’s mother didn’t want to mention his father at all C.the boy never met his father before D.the boy’s mother hated his father 25.This passage generally tells us a story of ________.A.a boy who suddenly realized that he was a colored person B.a boy who had been looked down upon because he had no father C.the miserable life of colored people D.the life of a one-parent family

2005年10月自考英语

（二）one foreign visitor said.The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future, change and time.To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources.American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing.Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on.In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product.McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals.The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do.As McDonald’s restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.The typical American food, some observers argue, is fast food.26.If a person treasures other people’s time, he.A.does not waste people’s time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome B.does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past C.likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him D.likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time 27.In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people.A.think that time is always there which needs budgeting B.enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday C.are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines D.are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life 28.What is the job of an efficiency expert? A.Writing articles for periodicals.B.Recommending ways of efficient investment.C.Examining the quality of a company’s products.D.Teaching people how to take care of their yard.29.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants.B.Americans are busier than other people in the world.C.The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world.D.The United States is the father of the world’s fast-food industry.30.The best title for this passage is..A.The American Concept of Time B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry C.How to Raise Efficiency D.The American Food and Culture

Passage Three

2005年10月自考英语

（二）Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling, where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents.Legislation and court decisions have make it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home, and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education.Moreover they quote several merits: relief of school overcrowding, added curricular and pedagogical(课程和教学法)alternatives, strengthened family relationships, lower dropout rates, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems.Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education.Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves.They acknowledge that, in a few cases, home schooling offers educational opportunities superior to those found in most public schools, but few parents can provide such educational advantages.Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children.Typically, parents have fewer, not more technological resources available than do schools.However, the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education.Finally, a sociological(社会学)concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home.Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship.Also, while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved, children taught at home may develop a distorted(歪曲的)view of society.31.The main idea of the passage is that.A.more and more parents are in favor of home schooling B.home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved C.though home schooling has its advantages, it creates as many new problems at the same time D.school education is no doubt better than home education 32.Those who support home schooling think that.A.it’s less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits B.it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives C.it will cause fewer discipline problems D.it’s more important to reinforce moral values 33.Critics believe that.A.few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education B.few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education C.school teachers are better than parents D.classroom environment can provide most satisfactory education 34.According to the author, home schooling cannot help children.A.acquire social knowledge

2005年10月自考英语

（二）B.build up a relationship with family members C.build up pupil-teacher relationship D.develop a right view of society 35.The attitude of the author toward home schooling is.A.vague B.positive C.totally negative D.straight-forward PART TWO（50 POINTS）

IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.破坏，使„遇难 vt w _ _ _ _

37.自愿的，自发的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37.紧要的，紧迫的 a..u _ _ _ _ _

38.容忍，忍受 vt.t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39.症状，征兆 n.s _ _ _ _ _ _

40.最近，不久前 ad.l _ _ _ _ _ 41.放大，夸大 vt.m _ _ _ _ _ _ 42.概念，想法 n.n _ _ _ _ _ 43.服从，听从 vt.o _ _ _

44.苦干的，费力的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45.达到；造诣 n.a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.使平衡；权衡 vt.b _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.战役，运动 n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.装修，装饰 vt.d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.基本的，初级的 a.e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50.忠诚的，忠实的 a.f _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.姿势，手势 n g _ _ _ _ _ _ 52.高度地，非常 ad.h _ _ _ _ _ 53.模仿的，仿制的 a.i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54.正义，公正 n.j _ _ _ _ _ _

V.WORD FORM(10 points,1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.Once harm ______(do)to the environment, it takes years to have the system recovered.57.With the strike_______(settle), the work on the new assembly line went ahead like wildfire.58.The child was playing_________(danger)near the edge of the swimming pool.59.This project ________(accomplish)by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the basic facility of the city.60.People appreciate_________(talk)with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous.61.Since the author did not stick to the topic, I found his article very ______(confuse)and hard to follow.62.With all this done, I ______(free)from all troubles and responsibilities.2005年10月自考英语

（二）63.Had he been treated well, he ________(get over)this disease.64.Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _______(sink)the moment it hit the rock.65.If only the board ________(approve)the proposal and put it into effect.vi．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西。

70．二十世纪六十年代美国民间音乐除表现爱情与希望外，还表现反战情绪。

vii.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

（二）答案

Ⅴword form(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)56.is done 57.settled

58.dangerously 59.to be accomplished 60.talking 61.confusing 62.have been freed 63.would have got over 64.sank 65.would approve

VI.Translation front Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)

2005年10月自考英语

（二）66.Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste and the most difficult thing to control.67.Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events.68.Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.69.The number of failures in the examination is surprisingly large.70.The American folk music in the 1960’s expressed anti-war sentiments as well as love and hope.VII．Translation from English into Chinese.(本大题共15分)计划是我们生活中一项非常重要的活动。它能使人愉快，甚至令人兴奋，但也会让人十分头疼。工作越重要，所需的计划就要越仔细。按时上班或上学是几乎根本不需要计划的工作，它只不过是日常事务。而长达一个月的国外旅游度假，或更甚之，结婚娶亲，就完全是两码事了。如果假期中还要举行婚礼，接待50位来宾，举办招待会，去意大利度蜜月，再回到新家，那就更需要计划周全，以确保成功。计划使我们能够保证成功，避免那些代价昂贵，而我们又难以承受的失败。对于整个人类、民族、家庭乃至个人来说，计划同样又是必不可少的。其规模可大可小，但重要性都一样。

2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

B.obtain C.receive D.possess 13.A.put

B.consume C.spend D.spare 14.A.Besides B.Whereas C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless 15.A.wondering B.swinging C.recycling D.wandering 16.A.other B.some

C.the other D.another 17.A.gone

B.going

C.goes

D.went 18.A.anyone B.everyone C.someone D.few 19.A.to

B.with

C.of D.about

2005年10月英语

（二）20.A.sound B.noise

C.voice

D.scream III.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points each)

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Many of today's most trusted sales techniques were invented over a century ago by a young merchant named Eaton in Toronto.When he was young, Eaton worked briefly with his brothers in small-town stores.In 1869, he sep up his own shop in downtown Toronto.He had many competitors, but he was also ambitious and had a plan for success.He offered a unique style of trade, but as was expected, all the other shopkeepers laughed at him, believing he would eventually fail.However, Eaton was not a man to be easily defeated;he came up with a brand new notion of business-“Goods satisfactory, or money refunded.” He sold all his goods at fixed prices and only for cash.With a sharp sense of what the public wanted, he went out of the way to meet their needs.His business grew rapidly.He set up new branches and started mail order service that allowed people to buy from a list of his goods.Eaton's list-advertisements of his day-was the first of its kind.It was distributed and read all over the country.It was the only way to access good-quality goods at reasonable prices for people living far away from big cites.It became part of their life.They even called it The Wishing Book.The secret of the list's success was that Eaton gained the respect of this customers;they trusted him for good prices and quality goods.Probably because he remembered his miserable early days in Ireland, Eaton thought much of the welfare of his employees: better working conditions, shorter weekday hours than his competitors and Saturday afternoons off in the summer.In all this, he was a leader.21.The best description of Eaton is that ______.A.he was the richest merchant in Toronto B.he was a successful technical inventor C.he introduced new sales practices D.he changed people's ideas about businessmen 22.Eaton's success lay primarily in that ____.A.he sold only good quality goods B.he was the first person to provide good service C.he treated his employees better than any of his competitors D.he won respect from his customers 23.From the passage we can infer that ______.A.Eaton invented the idea of the internet shopping B.Eaton drove other businessmen to failure C.Eaton never sold his goods on credit D.Eaton was defeated by his rivals 24.The best title for this passage is _____.A.Good Goods, of Money Refunded B.Eaton, a Sales Inventor C.Customers' Respect, a Secret of Success D.Eaton's list, a Welcome Event in Sales History 25.Eaton's List was important to people on farms because it was a convenient way of getting _____.A.good-quality goods at reasonable prices

2005年10月英语

（二）B.goods at unreasonable prices C.good-quality goods at unreasonable prices D.poor-quality goods at reasonable prices

Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The threat of a global outbreak(疾病大爆发)of bird flu makes it urgent for the international community to cooperate effectively.Wealthy countries will have to provide hundreds of millions of dollars for the testing and production of medicines necessary for treating patients suffering from bird flu.Developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, where the bird flu virus(病毒)has spread since 1997, must work out special programs so that farmers will not hide sighs of possible outbreaks.In addition, the way such farm birds as chickens and ducks are traditionally raised and marketed in the developing world should be changed;there should be more distance between the birds and their keepers.Countries should deal with the disease with joint effort.If one country is inadequately prepared, it will be a threat to every other country.The potential effects of a national outbreak of bird flu are enormous.Firstly, an outbreak may kill large numbers of people.World Health Organization(WHO)estimates that an outbreak similar to the mild Hong Kong flu of 1968 could kill as many as 7.4 millions people.If it were as dangerous as the 1918 Spanish flu, which killed 50 million, the number would be much higher.Secondly, such an outbreak may cause great financial damage.The latest outbreak of bird flu, which began in December 2003, has cost Southeast Asia more than $10 billion and depressed its GDP by 1.5 percent.If a new outbreak of bird flu were to last for a whole year, $800 billion would be lost.Despite the 124 human cases and 63 deaths from bird flu since December 2003, the virus remains mainly a disease animals.However, the more animals that die of the disease, the more chances it has of spreading to people.Large numbers of dead or dying birds mean that more people will be exposed to the virus and change into a virus with new characteristics.If the international community works together efficiently, man can surely prevent such a virus and possibly save millions of lives.26.Faced with the threat of a global outbreak of bird flu, the international community should ________.A.establish new markets B.work together effectively C.stop birds from flying to other countries D.raise fewer chickens and ducks 27.The second paragraph focuses on ______.A.World Health Organization B.flus in Hong Kong and Spain C.the economy of Southeast Asia D.possible effects of a bird flu outbreak 28.The number of people who have died of bird flu since 2003 is _______.A.63 B.124

C.7.4 million D.50 million 29.In the third paragraph, the author is mainly interested in _____.A.stimulating financial growth B.reducing economic damages C.saving human lives

D.protecting bird species 30.The passage deals with all the following aspects bird flu EXCEPT _______.2005年10月英语

（二）A.the origin and history of bird flu B.the importance of international cooperation C.the possible dangers of a national outbreak D.the significance of preventing it from spreading

Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The long summer holidays are finally over and some parents are pleased.“We worry more about their safety in the holidays,” explains one mother from North London.If teenagers are not wandering around on public transport in a big and potentially dangerous city, they are chatting to strangers in an internet chat room!Well, that's an extreme picture of the UK today, but many parents are worried about how much freedom they can give their children during the holidays and at weekends.Weekends are not the only time to worry!Newspaper are full of stories about too many school kids going to school by car because their parents do not want them to travel alone on a bus or train.This summer there were more frightening stories of teenagers disappearing with questionable friends that they met on the net.All the Media stories help increase parents fears, but is the UK really so dangerous? Many young people feel that life for their parents was easier.In the 1960s young people played in the streets more and traveled around town without their parents.“At least our parents can keep tabs on us,” says 16-year-old Julia.“So many people have mobile phones now and their parents ring to find out where they are.I use my mobile to get Dad to come to the station when I arrive late.” Mobiles are not just expensive toys;they help keep young people safe.Most significantly, they help keep young people safe.Most significantly, they make parents feel better.Only one problem is, though, that some young people have been attacked by thieves who want to steal their mobile phones.Young people like going out with friends, but they now need to learn how to get home safely.Five million young people in the UK between the ages of 9 to 16 use chat rooms to make friends, but they, too, need to be careful and never give their personal details to a stranger.Young people today have more opportunities to meet new people and go out at night more than their parents ever did.Now school, television programs and newspapers must help teenagers to enjoy their freedom and to be responsible for their own safety.31.Some parents are upset about the summer holidays mainly because their children ______.A.wander around on bus in the city B.chat to strangers in Internet chat rooms C.make questionable friends on the net D.are taken little care of by teachers 32.For the sake of the safety, many parents send their kids to school ________.A.by car B.by bus C.by train D.by public transport 33.Most significantly, mobile phones _______.A.enable parents keep a close watch on their kids B.help keep teenagers safe C.make parents feel less worried D.protect teenagers from being attacked 34.Teenagers should never give any strangers ______.2005年10月英语

（二）A.their mobile phone numbers B.their family address C.their personal information D.their parents' names 35.This passage is mainly about ________.A.freedom for teenagers in summer holidays B.safety for teenagers in summer holidays C.activities for teenagers in summer holidays D.troubles for teenagers in summer holidays PART TWO(50 POINTS)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

66.男人的平均身高比女人高几英寸。67.你所说的与我们正在讨论的豪不相干。68．教育应该使每个学生德、智、体全面发展。69．这本书对读者产生了很大影响。70．这次考试比我们预想的要难得多。

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。VII.(15 points)There is a clear distinction between one who is supposed to know and another, usually a younger person who is supposed not to know.However, teaching is not necessarily the area of a special group of people, nor should it be looked upon as a technical skill.Teaching can be more like guiding and assisting than forcing information into a blank mind.If you have a certain skill, you should be able to share it with others.You do not have to get a certificate to convey what you know to them or to help them in their attempt to teach themselves.All of us, from the very youngest children to the oldest members of our society, should come to realize our own talent and abilities as teachers.We can share what we know, however little it might be, with others who

2005年10月英语

（二）have need of that knowledge or skill.2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试答案

（2）非基本语法错误（如介词、代词、冠词、大写、标点等错误）以及不影响基本句意的用词错误每两处扣1分。

（3）拼写错误每两处扣1分。拼写错误本大题总扣分不超过3分。（4）如所用句型与答案不一致，只要语言和意义正确，均应给分。VII.Translation from English into Chinese(本大题共15分)一般认为，有知识的人与没有知识的人――他们通常是较年轻的人――之间的区别非常明显。然而，教学不一定是某个特殊群体的领域，也不应该被看作是一项专业技能。教学不止是将信息硬塞进空白的头脑，而更应是指导和帮助。只要你有某种特定的技能，你就应当能与他人分享。你没必要持有证书才能把你的知识传授给他人，或为他们的自学提供帮助。我们社会中每一个成员，从蹒跚学步的孩童到耄耋之年的老者，都应当意识到自己作为教师的才能。尽管我们可能知之甚少，但仍应能与那些需要我们的人来分享我们的知识和技能。〔评分参考〕

短文英译汉的评分标准按译文质量分为15-13分、12-10分、9-7分、6-4分和3-1分五个档次。各档次标准如下：

（1）15-13分。全文翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺。

2005年10月英语

（二）（2）12-10分。全文主要内容翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺，但有少数语句翻译错误。（3）9-7分。全文不少于一半的内容基本正确，汉语表达尚通顺，有一些语句翻译错误。（4）6-4分。少部分内容翻译基本正确，有较多的语句翻译错误。（5）3-1分。仅译对个别句子。

（6）全文译错或泽出零星单词或全文不译，不给分。（7）缺译的语句按完全译错处理。

2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

第一部分选择题

1.The fixed star was_______a planet.A.made of B.made from C.made up for D.mistaken for 2.Some students_________from asking questions in class.A.shy away B.blow away C.do away D.carry away 3.Mrs.Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to_______her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.A.trust B.credit C.convince D.believe 4.Let's_________personal feelings in making judgment.A.set off B.set aside C.set back D.set up 5.A good worker in a key spot could,________he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way.A.as long as B.as though C.as soon as D.as if 6.________the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.A.Though B.For C.Since D.So 7.Decision makers must have some way of determining_____of several alternatives is best.A.that B.it C.one D.which 8.In August 1977, a satellite_________to gather data about the 10 million black holes which are thought to be in the Milky Way.A.launched B.was launched C.has been launched D.is launched 9.In studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce_________.A.live B.alive C.lively D.living 10.It is essential that everything____________in advance.A.should decide B.be decided C.decided D.will be decided II.Cloze Test The money and the time we spend on pets is simply not our own to spend as we like in a time of widespread want and starvation.A____11____organization advertises that for $33 a month they can give hospital care to a child suffering from kwashiorkor-the severe deficiency disease_____12_____is simply a starving for protein.Doing_____13_____such a pet, and then sending the money saved to a relief organization would mean____14____a life-over the years, several human lives.Children not_____15___from such a grave disease could be fed with half that amount-not on a diet like ours, but on plain, basic, life-sustaining food.It is not unreasonable to believe____16____the amount of money we spend on the average pet dog could keep a child____17_______in a region of great poverty._____18___what we would spend on a cat might not feed a child, but it____19____probably pay for his medical care or basic education.The point needs no___20_____.That is all that need be said.11.A.relied B.fund C.domestic D.medical

2005年10月英语

（二）12.A.why B.when C.where D.which 13.A.with B.for C.against D.without 14.A.to save B.saving C.save D.saved 15.A.recovering B.having C.suffering D.infecting 16.A.which B.what C.that D.where 17.A.alive B.life C.live D.survive 18.A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.Give 19.A.would B.should C.must D.need 20.A.doing B.operating C.laboring D.functioning III.Reading Comprehension Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “Why didn't I realize that Paul was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make up feel bad.But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.If we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky boy” or “You're a lucky girl”, that's being friendly.But there's a bit of envy in “lucky dog.” Maybe he doesn't see it himself.But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important.It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His gesture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you many save another mistake.21.According to the writer, when people look back it is too late, because.A.mistakes have already been made B.mistakes can made them feel bad C.they are unaware of their mistakes D.they are doubtful of their friends 22.People make mistakes when they fail to A.deal with others with due friendliness B.hide their true feelings in what they say C.realize they deserve what they have got D.see the real meaning of what others say 23.Judging from the phrase “just think of all the things you have to be thankful for”, it is clear that the speaker actually lacks.A.optimism B.sympathy C.motivation D.courage 24.To be a successful listener, one is advised to

2005年10月英语

（二）A.ask the speaker as many questions as he can B.observe the speaker as carefully as possible C.listen to the speaker as attentively as he can D.challenge the speaker as actively as possible 25.The passage aims to tell readers how to.A.interpret what people say B.interpret what money means C.avoid mistakes about people D.avoid mistakes about money Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Doctors have long known that eating fish helps protect against heart disease.What they don't know is why fish are beneficial.For years they figured it was a simple question of substitution: folks who replace red meat with fish are naturally cutting down their intake of saturated(饱和的)fat.But a growing body of evidence collected over the past 30 years suggests fish contain healthful elements called omega-3 fatty acids.Omega-3 fatty acids belong to a group of compounds known as polyunsaturated fats.These fats serve as the raw material for a whole host of essential structures in the body, from brain cells to molecules(分子)that regulate blood pressure.Since our bodies cannot manufacture their own supply of omega-3s, we have to get them from the food we eat, mostly from fish but also from plant sources like soybeans(大豆).The American Heart Association has recommended that everyone eat two 85-g servings of fatty fish a week.But the A.H.A's expert panel wasn't ready to declare that taking omega-3 pills will protect your heart.It's just too easy to get more omega-3 than you need from pills, and the panel was worried that an excess could cause serious side effects, such as internal bleeding.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration, however, allowed manufactures of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise the fat's benefits-as long as the label does not suggest taking more than two grams per day.One thing is clear whether you get your omega-3s from pills, oils or fish: they are not cure-alls.You still have to eat a well-balanced diet that's lower in total fat than most Americans currently consume.Otherwise, you're fishing for trouble.26.Doctors have long been puzzled by.A.why red meat is harmful B.how beneficial fish are C.what makes fish healthful D.how red meat is replaced 27.We can learn from the passage that.A.human beings get omega-3s from their food B.omega-3s are only found in fish and soybeans C.omega-3s are the raw material for saturated fats D.polyunsaturated fats constitute human molecules 28.The A.H.A.didn't recommend omega-3 pills, because A.it had no knowledge of the safe dose of omega-3 B.it had no evidence that they can protect the heart C.the pills contain too little omega-3 to be helpful D one is likely to get too much omega-3 from the pills 29.The FDA allowed manufacturers of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise omega-3's benefits on condition that

2005年10月英语

（二）A.their suggested dose is printed on the label B.their suggested dose is within the safety limit C.the fat's potential side effects are mentioned D.the products contain side effects are mentioned 30.The writer seems to suggest that A.omega-3s can balance one's diet B.omega-3s can serve as a supplement C.an unbalanced diet is made worse by omega-3s D.a well-balanced diet contains enough omega-3s Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It was a terrible tragedy, six times more deadly than the Titanic(泰坦尼克号).When the German ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes(鱼雷)fired from a Russian submarine(潜水艇)in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people---mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Germany-were packed aboard.An ice storm had turned the dicks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into sea as the ship listed and began to go down.Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down.Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to get aboard.Most people froze immediately.“I'll never forget the screams,” says Christa Nutzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors.She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and rarely mentioned for more than half a century.The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary.By unreservedly confessing their country's horrible crimes Germans have managed to win acceptance abroadand make peace with their neighbors.Today's unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history.For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay.But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they've now earned the right to discuss the full historical record.Not to identify German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.31.The Wilhelm Gustloff went down because A.it ran into an ice storm B.it was hit by another ship C.it crashed into a submarine D.it was attacked by torpedoes 32.Most passengers on board the Wilhelm Gustloff took the voyage to A.taste the luxury of the ship B.seek protection in another place C.escape the cold winter back home D.enjoy their holidays abroad 33.As the ship began to sink, some passengers A.set the decks on fire as a signal for help B.fought fiercely on the decks for lifeboats C.jumped into sea and swam to a nearby ship D.prevented others from getting on their lifeboats 34.The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy remains a near secret for more than half a century

2005年10月英语

（二）because Germans A.preferred to say nothing about it B.were requested to keep silent about it C.spared not effort to cover up the story D.were denied access to the whole story 35.It can be inferred from the passage that Germans no longer think that A.it is too early to claim responsibility for the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy B.the German tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation's past C.they will be misunderstood if they talk about the German tragedy D.Germany is responsible for the horrors it caused during World War II

第二部分非选择题 IV.Word Spelling 36.结果，成果 n._______ 37.分享，股份 n.38.愿意的，乐意的 adj.39.警告，告诫 v.40.表达，表情 n.41.多样性 n.42.预算 n 43.衡量，测量 n.44.保证，担保 v.45.家庭的，国内的 adj.46.发源，发起 v.47.应用，用具 n.48.激发，作为„.的动机 v.49.可行的，可能的 adj.50.欣赏，感激 n.51.战略，策略 n.52.精制，使精美 v.53.面对，对抗 v.54.一致，相符 v.55.最后的，最终的 adj.V.Word Form 56.Do not let this_____(say)of you.It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job.57.The theory of black holes in space_______(accept)by many serious scientists and astronomers.58.If you had been in better health, we______(allow)you to join them in the work.59.Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not_____(ignore).60.I would rather you____(come)tomorrow.61.One hundred miles____(be)too far to travel on foot.62.Robots,_______(become)increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.63.Every boy and girl______(treat)in the same way.64.He took his umbrella with him lest it______(rain).65.Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research______(do)in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects.VI.Translation from Chinese into English 66.他孤注一掷用自己的积蓄开了一家小商店。67.时差反应是每个国际旅行者可能遇到的问题。68.有人提出管理过程就是决策过程。

69.每个人都是平等的，不管他是总统还是马路清洁工。70.不用说，我们现在已不是生活在传统时期。

2005年10月英语

（二）VII.Translation from English into Chinese 71.Between labor and play stands work.A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do;what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job;a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer.Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure.To a worker, leisure means simply the hour he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently.He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much;workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays.To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B II.Cloze Test 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.C III.Reading Comprehension 21.A 22.D 23.B 24.B 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.B 31.D 32.B 33.D 34.A 35.C IV.Word Spelling 36.result 37.share 38.willing 39.warn 40.expression 41.diversity 42.budget 43.measurement 44.ensure 45.domestic 46.originate 47.appliance 48.motivate 49.feasible 50.appreciation 51.strategy 52.refine 53.confront 54.coincide 55.ultimate V.Word Form 56.be said 57.is accepted 58.would have allowed 59.be ignored 60.came 61.is 62.becoming 63.is treated 64.should rain 65.to be done VI.Translation from Chinese into English 66.He gambled his savings to start a small shop.67.The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across.68.Some suggest that the management process is decision making.69.Every person is equal be president or a street cleaner.70.It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period.VII.Translation from English into Chinese.71.劳役和玩乐之间是工作。一个对获得社会支付的职业感兴趣的人就是工作者；从社会角度来看必须付出的劳动而在个人来看就是自愿选择的娱乐。一个职业是归类为劳役还是工作

2005年10月英语

（二）不是看其职业本身，而是看从事这一职业的个人爱好。比如，这个差异并不是体力劳动与脑力劳动之间的差异；一个花匠或皮匠可以是个工作者，而一个银行职员则可能是苦役者。对此从他对休闲的态度就可以看出。对于工作者来说，休闲只是他为了更有效地工作而放松休息的时间，因此他花费的休闲时间很可能太少而非太多，他常常死于冠心病或忘记他妻子的生日。而对于劳役者来说，休闲就是摆脱强制，因此对他来说自然是劳作时间越少而玩的时间越多越好。

2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 point each)The basic principle of radar is illustrated by what happens when one shouts in a e.The echoof the shouting ____11____ the walls helps a person determine the size of i cave.With radar, however , the waves are radio waves instead of ___12__ waves.dio waves travel __--13 ___the speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in a second.A lar set ___14___ a short burst of radio waves.Then it receives the echoes ___15___ when waves bounce(Silt)off objects.By determining the time it ___16 ___for the echoes to imi to the radar set, a trained technician ____17 ____determine the distance between the [ar set and other objects.The word “radar”, ___18 ____, gets its name from the term dio detection and ranging.“ ”Ranging“ is the term for detection of the _____19____ between object and the radar set.Besides being of critical importance to pilot, radar is ___20____ for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms.11.A.Through B.For C.On D.against 12.A.Sound B.Light C.Heat D.tide 13.A.in B.At C.Over D.on 14.A.sends out B.works out C.figures out D.puts out

2005年10月英语

（二）15.A.Producing B.Produced C.Produce D.produces 16.A.Spends B.Takes C.Kills D.makes 17.A.Can B.Must C.ought to D.has to 18.A.Incase B.in turn C.in short D.in fact 19.A.Length B.Width C.Distance D.space 20.A.Eventual B.internal C.external D.essential Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Among the company was a lawyer, a young man of about twenty-five.On being asked his opinion, he said, ”Capital punishment and life imprisonment are equally immoral.If I were to make a choice between them, I would rather choose the latter Anyway, it's better to live than not to live at all.“ A lively discussion followed.A banker, who was then younger and more nervous than the lawyer, suddenly lost his temper and cried out, ”It's a lie.I bet you two million.You wouldn't stick in a cell even for five years.“ ”If you mean it,“ replied the young lawyer, ”I bet I'll stay there longer;make it fifteen instead of five.“ ”Fifteen!Done!“ cried the banker.”Gentleman, I bet you two millions.“ ”Agreed.Two millions for my freedom,“ said the lawyer.So this wild, ridiculous bet came to pass.The banker could not hide his excitement During supper he said to the lawyer jokingly, ”Come to your senses, young man, before it's too late.Two millions are nothing to me, but you stand to lose three or four of the best years of your life.I say three or four because you'll never stick it out any longer Don't forget that voluntary imprisonment is much harder to put up with than a enforced one.The idea that you have the right to free yourself any moment will poison your life in the cell.I pity you.“ And now the banker, pacing from comer to comer, recalled all this and asked himself, ”Why did I make this bet? What's the good? The lawyer lost fifteen years of hi life and I threw away two millions.Will it convince people that capital punishment is worse or better than imprisonment for life? No, no!Rubbish!On my part, it was the caprice（心血来潮）of a well-fed millionaire;on the lawyer's part, it's the pure greed c gold." 21．The lawyer would choose life imprisonment because.A.he was younger than the banker B.capital punishment was immoral C.it was better than capital punishment D.the banker would give him $200,000 22.The author considers the bet between the lawyer and the banker.A.Interesting B.ridiculous C.Capricious D.instructive 23.The word 'company' in the first paragraph refers to __.A.Companions B.bankers C.Lawyers D.prisoners 24.The banker was extremely excited because __.A.he was too rich to care for the money

2005年10月英语

（二）B.he was sure of his winning the bet C.the lawyer would give up in 15 years D.the lawyer would give up before 5 years 25.In the end, the banker considers his bet with the lawyer __.A.Rational B.reasonable C.Beneficial D.unreasonable Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Online learning is also called distance education, which helps students who take classes by computer over the Internet to learn certain courses and earn a degree.And it has become more and more popular with both young people and educational institutions.The School of Continuing and Professional Studies of New York University in Manhattan began online classes in 1992.Its Virtual School has taught more than 10,000 students from across the United States and other countries.Last year，the school launched NYU Online.It offers NYU's first online Programs for a bachelor's degree.Programs are offered in three areas;leadership And management, information systems management and social sciences.The classes are highly interactive where students communicate with each other and their teachers.Some classes require students to log in at the same time so they can attend live lectures by a professor Students can also ask questions and work together on team projects.The cost to attend NYU Online depends on how many classes a student is to take It costs as much as fifteen thousand dollars a year.NYU offers no financial aid for international students in this program.If you are interested in the program, you can gel more details at the website: www.xiexiebang.common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction.This is not true.The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature.Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature, yet we are destroying them at a great rate.They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of rich countries.Central American forests are being destroyed for grassland to make pet food in the United States cheaper;in Papua slew Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products;in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Hong Kong.Therefore, a rich person living thousands of miles away may cause more tropical forest destruction than a poor person living in the forest itself.In short, it is everybody's duty to safeguard the future of mankind—not only through population control, but by being more aware of the effect his actions have on nature.Nature is both fragile and powerful.It is very easily destroyed;on the other hand, it can easily destroy its most dangerous enemy—man.31.According to the first paragraph, people usually believe that.A.poor people in poor countries contribute to the imbalance of nature B.rich people know how to protect the environment by taking actions C.people in poor areas know a lot about the birth control D.rich people in rich countries have done a lot to balance nature 32.In the author's opinion, __.A.developing countries should be responsible for environmental problems B.overpopulation in the world is created by the developed countries C.rich countries exercise worse influence on environment than poor countries D.all countries should bring the population growth under control 33.The purpose of the second paragraph is mainly to illustrate __.A.how the forests in the U.S.are being destroyed B.which countries are the victims of the imbalance of nature C.what Japan has done to develop its own economy D.how South Asian countries make quality furniture

2005年10月英语

（二）34.Nature is very easily destroyed by __.A.rich people B.poor people C.natural disasters D.mankind 35.The topic of the passage is that __.A.the control of population is essential to the development of a nation B.natural resources are important to the economic development of a country C.awareness of the effects of man's actions is as important as population control D.developed countries should do more to protect natural environment on the earth IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36．到国外；在国外ad.A 37.相反的；不利的a.a 38.帝国n.e 39.典礼，仪式n.c 40.环境；境遇n.c 41.密集度，稠密度n.d 42.出现，涌现v.e 43.扩大，放大n.e 44.特征，特色n.f 45.杂志n.m 46.移民，侨民n.i 47.许可；执照n.l 48.同时，其间n.m 49.需要，必需品n.n 50.服从，听从v.o 51.四月a.A 52.根本的，激进的a.r 53.狡猾的；难处理的 a.t 54.策略，战略n.s 55.宇宙的，普遍的a.u 将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。v.(10 points, 1 point each)56.Small shops offer products that range from inexpensive to expensive, __(depend)on the shop.57.Our training program covers a range of __(effect)management techniques.58.Large sums of money have to __(spend)each year on railway construction.59.He saw a letter lying on the table __(address)to him.60.It is highly __(desire)that the government give the company more financial support.61.She had an outward __(appear), but deep down she was really worried.62.There are a __(surprise)large number of mistakes in the test paper.63.Weather __(permit), the football match will be played on Wednesday.64.He lay perfectly still and __(play)dead to escape capture by the enemy.65.We are supposed __(follow)the teachers9 instructions, VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66．当人类对周围的环境开始发问时，科学就诞生了。67．他尽管病得很重，但还是参加了会议。

2005年10月英语

（二）Energy can be divided into two different types: stored energy and dynamic energy.Stored energy is called potential energy, and the latter refers to energy in motion.If you stretch out a rubber band, this produces potential energy.If you let it go, it moves an produces the dynamic energy.2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

I.Vocabulary and Structure（每小题1分，共10分）

I.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C II.Cloze Test(每小题1分，共10分)11.D 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.D Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(每小题2分，共30分)21.C 22.B 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.D 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.C IV.Word Spelling(每两小题1分，共30分)36.abroad 37.Adverse 38.Empire 39.Ceremony 40.circumstance 41.Density 42.Emerge 43.Enlarge 44.Feature 45.magazine 46.Immigrant 47.licence(-nse)48.Meantime 49.necessity 50.obey 51.April 52.Radical 53.Tricky 54.Strategy 55.universal V.Word Form(每小题1分，共10分)56.Depending 57.Effective 58.be spent 59.Addressed 60.desirable 61.Appearance 62.surprisingly 63.Permitting 64.Played 65.to follow VI.Translation from Chinese into English(每小题3分，共15分

66.Science came into being when man began to ask questions about his environment.67.Despite his serious illness, he came to/attended the meeting, or Although he was seriously ill, he came to/attended the meeting.68．The study indicates that daydreaming helps(to)improve a person's ability to adapt(himself)to a new environment.69.He didn't realize the importance of English learning until he failed in the job interview, or Not until he failed in the job interview did he realize the importance of English learning, or It was not until he failed in the job interview that he realized the importance of English learning.70.With(the)economic development and social progress, people are increasingly concerned with the quality of life.Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(本大题共15分)当你打开电视、穿鞋子、或驾车购物，你都在消耗能量。能量是世界上一种最基本的力。动物行走、奔跑、树木、植物生长，人类工作和消遣，都在消耗能量。能量存在于阳光、风、树林、水流和喷发的火山中，自然界中不无处不在。没有能量，就没有生命。我们在不断地消耗自身的能量，也在不断地消耗其他种类的能量。

2007年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题

2005年10月英语

（二）2．If you are too＿of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.A.respective B.Detective C．protective D．effective.3．His intelligence will＿him to get a scholarship to college.A.enable B.Persuade C.suggest D.employ 4．The professor asked a question, and David＿a good answer.A.put up with B.stood up for C．came up with D．looked down upon 5．No sooner had we reached home＿a violent storm broke out.A.when B.That C．until D．than 6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.A.from...to B．From...in C.for...in D.in...from 7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.A.send off B．lay aside C．take to D.turn off 8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.A.expanded B.Emerged C.descended D.conquered 9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.A.symbolize B.Minimize C．synchronize D.summarize 10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.A.pulled out B.looked out C．held out D．stood out Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有＋个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Curiosity is not only a possible motivation, it is also a great help in your learning languages.Remember that a language is not___11___a grammatical system.It is the___ 12___ of a certain culture of different cultures.It is no good ___13__ strings of words and lists of grammatical rules _14_ you know as much as possible about the background of the language, so that you can understand the ideas conveyed and the references made, as well as the inferences which can _15_ the information clearly given.So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which _16_ English-watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain _17_ and magazines written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and, above all，37

2005年10月英语

（二）read-not textbooks, _18_ novels, poems and plays.They will show you how a language is _19_ used.The English language is a living form of expression which derives much of its _20_ from the context, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra-linguistic knowledge.11．A.just B.even C.so D.that 12．A.outlook B.outcome C.outset D.outline 13．A.have learnt B.learn C.learning D.learnt 14．A．since B．until C．when D．unless 15．A．be carried over B．be freed from C．be held up D．be drawn from 16．A．influence B．abandon C．restore D.furnish 17．A.film B.television C．radio D.newspapers 18．A．but B．or C．and D．as 19．A．occasionally B．really C．casually D．scarcely 20．A．structure B．implication C．meaning D．indication Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)

2005年10月英语

（二）When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents;but at the same time he is forced to accept．responsibilities.With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble.If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be;but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy.With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given.The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life;they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them;and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.21．The happiest people should be those who__ A．face up to difficulties in life B．hope to be young again C．enjoy life in different ages D．wish to be grown up 22．The word “they” in Line 5，Para.2 refers to＿． A．older people B．new things C．Children D．interests 23 ．A child has his pains because＿． A．he can not do whatever he wants to B．he is not allowed to play in rain C．he has a lot of new things to learn D.he can not play at the seaside freely 24．When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to＿． A．live comfortably B．take responsibilities

2005年10月英语

（二）C．make progress in job D．impress the society 25．The best title of the passage might be＿． A．Pains and Ages B．Differences in Ages C．The Best Age to Be D．Happiness and Ages Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.We all know that humans are damaging the environment, but what can we do about it? Some people are trying to do their bit to be more environmentally friendly.Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living, such as recycling paper, tin, plastic and glass.They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites（填埋场），because they are running out of places to dump（倾倒）rubbish.In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep, but in other areas, you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank.Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones For example, some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries instead of plastic carrier bags, or use washable nappies instead of disposables.More people are becoming interested in reducing their carbon footprint—the amount of carbon they use up.They try to reduce their carbon emissions（释放）by cycling, using public transport or an electric car, rather than driving gas-consuming vehicles.Some people choose not to fly for holiday trips because planes are the biggest producers of carbon emissions.You can make‘green’ choices when buying food too.It's best to buy food which was locally grown or produced so that it hasn't been imported by air, or shipped by road from far away.Houses can be environmentally friendly too.It takes less energy to heat a house if it has good insulation（绝缘，隔热）and double glazing(双层玻璃）．You can also create your own energy it you have solar panels or a wind turbine fitted though these can be expensive.You can also save water by using a rain water container for washing the car or watering the garden.It's even possible to use a system where‘grey water’

2005年10月英语

（二）—water which has been through a tap（水龙头）once already, is used to flush（冲洗）toilets.Some new housing projects are being built specifically to be as environmentally friendly as possible.26．The purpose of collecting reusable wastes is to＿． A．save energy consumed in daily life B．reduce the amount of rubbish dumped C．create a new way of green living D．decrease the amount of carbon produced 27．In order to cut down on the carbon emission, more people choose to travel＿． A．by electric car, bicycle or plane B．by private car, bicycle or bus C．by bus, electric car or plane D．by bicycle, bus or electric car 28．It is best for people to buy food＿when making‘green’ choices.A．produced locally B．imported abroad C．transported by road D．grown in green houses 29．As mentioned,‘grey water’ can be used to＿，A．wash the car B．water the garden C．clean the toilet D．dispose of wastes 30．The passage is intended to advise people＿．

A．to make use of rubbish B．to save energy and water C．to recycle reusable products D．to have a green living Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Americans are a very energetic and mobile people, always on the run;rushing from one appointment to another, from a PTA(Parent Teacher Association)meeting to a social planning committee.They have very little time to spend preparing elaborate（精致的，复杂的）everyday meals to be eaten at leisure.In many homes it is rare for the whole family to sit down at supper together.Clubs and committees force them to grab a quick meal rather than a sit-down supper.When they do have the chance to eat at home, often the working housewife prefers to

2005年10月英语

（二）prepare meals that can be quickly heated and consumed.It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a shelter for fast food consumption.This great transformation occurred after World War Ⅱ when many women began to work full time and spend less time at home with their families.Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of homemaker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity（商品）which had to be carefully used.Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner.Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television.Television became the latest fashion in the 1950s and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite programs.And then, the place for supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.As the customs changed, so did the culture.The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner.These were frozen meals which were divided into portions of meat and vegetables.They could easily be put into an oven（锅）and prepared within minutes.The tin trays（托盘）in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consumed in front of a TV set.Cleaning up afterwards was no problem.The tin trays were easily thrown into the garbage.From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road.Love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile.It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains.McDonald's paved the way with its variety of burgers and cold drinks soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods.Today dozens of fast-food chain stores can be found along highways, in modern shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America.Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger's, Burger King and Wendy's are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture． They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses.These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.31．In America, the whole family seldom have dinner together at home because＿． A．they have so many social activities

2005年10月英语

（二）B．they have a lot of meetings to attend C．they rush from one appointment to another D．they often move from one place to another 32．America has become a shelter for fast food consumption because A．some women are engaged in entertainments B．few women are able to make meals at home C．women are unwilling to cook for their families D．many women are mostly occupied with work 33．The passage tells that nowadays Americans have their supper＿． A．in the dinning room B．in the living room C．in the grocery stores D．in the fast food chains 34．The word “establishments” in the last paragraph probably means＿． A．fast foods B．TV dinners C．shopping malls D．snack bars 35．The main idea of the passage is about＿.A．women's role in American families B．advantages of fast food for Americans C．modern lifestyles and diet in America D．shift of American home entertainment PART TWO（50 POINTS）

Iv．Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)36.角力，摔跤 vi w_ _ _ _ _ _ 37．打哈欠 vi.y_ _ _ 38．天气，气象 n.w_ _ _ _ _ _ 39．志愿者，志愿兵 n.V_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.唯一的，独特的a.u_ _ _ _ _ 41．打字机n.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42．绊跌，绊倒vi.S_ _ _ _ _ _ 43．保持，保留n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44．提及，参考n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45．预期的，未来的a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46．忽略，眺望vt.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.功能的，实用的a.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48．部长，大臣n.m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49．使地方化vt.l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50．夹克衫n.j_ _ _ _ _ 51．注射，针剂n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52．女主人n.h_ _ _ _ _ _ 53．真正的，真诚的a.g_ _ _ _ _ _ 54．侄子，外甥n.n_ _ _ _ _ 55．怀疑的，可疑的a.d_ _ _ _ _ _ _

2005年10月英语

（二）V．Word Form(10 points, 1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56．I would play football with you if I＿___20 years younger.(be)57．Just as she was about＿__，she was handed a note．(speak)58．I don't want to make a show of_______before strangers.(Ⅰ)59．_______is the mother of invention.This is remarkably true.(Necessary)60．The mayor gave a_________speech to call up the citizens against pollution.(convince)61．He was hurt by a flower vase________from the balcony（阳台）．(drop)62．Neither the prices nor the quality_______in the last contract.(specify)63．The beauty of the place is beyond_________．(describe)64．It is the first time I_________with native speakers in English.(talk)65．The family spent a________holiday in the country last month.(delight)Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.上周末的音乐会上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的学生担任钢琴伴奏。67.那些年轻人尽了全力才达到了他们的目标。68.全家人都同意去澳大利亚过新年。

69．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。70．科学技术从未像现在这样高速发展。

Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

2005年10月英语

（二）paths．We walk, in imagination, with noblest spirits, through the most fascinating regions.45

2005年10月英语

（二）2008年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案

2005年10月英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）

第五篇：自考英语二历年真题及答案(2007-2013)

2005年10月英语

（二）2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1.It is difficult to __ the implication between the lines.A.get to B.get with C.get at D.get down 2.The volleyball match was televised __ on CCTV.A.alive B.life C.live D.lively 3.The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its __ considerabi A.distributionB.contributionC.prescriptionD.circulatiol 4.The central theatre has a seating __ of more than 3,000 people.A.capabilityB.capacityC.abilityD.facility 5.The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from __ in the living room.A.that B.it C.One D.which 6.Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be __.A.shutdownB.done awayC.taken offD.called off 7.Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment.A.expendedB.paidC.costD.charged 8.Having decided to rent a flat, we __ contacting housing agencies in the city.A.set aboutB.set downC.set outD.setup 9.The book fair has received a positive __ from readers.A.resultB.responseC.settlementD.solution 10.If the operation __ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful.A.was notB.has not beenC.had not beenD.were not Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 point each)The basic principle of radar is illustrated by what happens when one shouts in a e.The echoof the shouting 11 the walls helps a person determine the size of i cave.With radar, however , the waves are radio waves instead of 12 waves.dio waves travel 13 the speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in a second.A lar set 14 a short burst of radio waves.Then it receives the echoes 15 when waves bounce(Silt)off objects.By determining the time it 16 for the echoes to imi to the radar set, a trained technician 17 determine the distance between the [ar set and other objects.The word “radar”, 18 , gets its name from the term dio detection and ranging.“ ”Ranging“ is the term for detection of the 19 between object and the radar set.Besides being of critical importance to pilot, radar is 20 for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms.11.A.throughB.forC.onD.against 12.A.soundB.lightC.heatD.tide 13.A.inB.atC.overD.on 14.A.sendsoutB.works outC.figures outD.puts out 15.A.producingB.producedC.produceD.produces 16.A.spendsB.takesC.killsD.makes 17.A.canB.mustC.ought toD.has to 18.A.incaseB.in turnC.in shortD.in fact 19.A.lengthB.widthC.distanceD.space

2005年10月英语

（二）20.A.EventualB.internalC.externalD.essential Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Among the company was a lawyer, a young man of about twenty-five.On being asked his opinion, he said, ”Capital punishment and life imprisonment are equally immoral.If I were to make a choice between them, I would rather choose the latter Anyway, it's better to live than not to live at all.“ A lively discussion followed.A banker, who was then younger and more nervous than the lawyer, suddenly lost his temper and cried out, ”It's a lie.I bet you two million.You wouldn't stick in a cell even for five years.“ ”If you mean it,“ replied the young lawyer, ”I bet I'll stay there longer;make it fifteen instead of five.“ ”Fifteen!Done!“ cried the banker.”Gentleman, I bet you two millions.“ ”Agreed.Two millions for my freedom,“ said the lawyer.So this wild, ridiculous bet came to pass.The banker could not hide his excitement During supper he said to the lawyer jokingly, ”Come to your senses, young man, before it's too late.Two millions are nothing to me, but you stand to lose three or four of the best years of your life.I say three or four because you'll never stick it out any longer Don't forget that voluntary imprisonment is much harder to put up with than a enforced one.The idea that you have the right to free yourself any moment will poison your life in the cell.I pity you.“ And now the banker, pacing from comer to comer, recalled all this and asked himself, ”Why did I make this bet? What's the good? The lawyer lost fifteen years of hi life and I threw away two millions.Will it convince people that capital punishment is worse or better than imprisonment for life? No, no!Rubbish!On my part, it was the caprice（心血来潮）of a well-fed millionaire;on the lawyer's part, it's the pure greed c gold." 21．The lawyer would choose life imprisonment because.A.he was younger than the banker B.capital punishment was immoral C.it was better than capital punishment D.the banker would give him $200,000 22.The author considers the bet between the lawyer and the banker.A.interestingB.ridiculous C.capriciousD.instructive 23.The word 'company' in the first paragraph refers to __.A.companionsB.bankers C.lawyersD.prisoners 24.The banker was extremely excited because __.A.he was too rich to care for the money B.he was sure of his winning the bet C.the lawyer would give up in 15 years D.the lawyer would give up before 5 years 25.In the end, the banker considers his bet with the lawyer __.A.rationalB.reasonableC.beneficialD.unreasonable Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Online learning is also called distance education, which helps students who take classes by computer over the Internet to learn certain courses and earn a degree.2005年10月英语

（二）And it has become more and more popular with both young people and educational institutions.The School of Continuing and Professional Studies of New York University in Manhattan began online classes in 1992.Its Virtual School has taught more than 10,000 students from across the United States and other countries.Last year，the school launched NYU Online.It offers NYU's first online Programs for a bachelor's degree.Programs are offered in three areas;leadership And management, information systems management and social sciences.The classes are highly interactive where students communicate with each other and their teachers.Some classes require students to log in at the same time so they can attend live lectures by a professor Students can also ask questions and work together on team projects.The cost to attend NYU Online depends on how many classes a student is to take It costs as much as fifteen thousand dollars a year.NYU offers no financial aid for international students in this program.If you are interested in the program, you can gel more details at the website: www.xiexiebang.common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction.This is not true.The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature.Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature, yet we are destroying them at a great rate.They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of rich countries.Central American forests are being destroyed for grassland to make pet food in the United States cheaper;in Papua slew Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products;in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Hong Kong.Therefore, a rich person living thousands of miles away may cause more tropical forest destruction than a poor person living in the forest itself.In short, it is everybody's duty to safeguard the future of mankind—not only through population control, but by being more aware of the effect his actions have on nature.Nature is both fragile and powerful.It is very easily destroyed;on the other hand, it can easily destroy its most dangerous enemy—man.31.According to the first paragraph, people usually believe that.A.poor people in poor countries contribute to the imbalance of nature B.rich people know how to protect the environment by taking actions C.people in poor areas know a lot about the birth control D.rich people in rich countries have done a lot to balance nature 32.In the author's opinion, __.A.developing countries should be responsible for environmental problems B.overpopulation in the world is created by the developed countries C.rich countries exercise worse influence on environment than poor countries D.all countries should bring the population growth under control 33.The purpose of the second paragraph is mainly to illustrate __.A.how the forests in the U.S.are being destroyed B.which countries are the victims of the imbalance of nature C.what Japan has done to develop its own economy D.how South Asian countries make quality furniture 34.Nature is very easily destroyed by __.A.rich peopleB.poor people C.natural disastersD.mankind 35.The topic of the passage is that __.A.the control of population is essential to the development of a nation B.natural resources are important to the economic development of a country C.awareness of the effects of man's actions is as important as population control D.developed countries should do more to protect natural environment on the earth IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36．到国外；在国外ad.a37.相反的；不利的a.a38.帝国n.e39.典礼，仪式n.c

2005年10月英语

（二）40.环境；境遇n.c41.密集度，稠密度n.d42.出现，涌现v.e43.扩大，放大n.e 44.特征，特色n.f45.杂志n.m46.移民，侨民n.i47.许可；执照n.l48.同时，其间n.m49.需要，必需品n.n50.服从，听从v.o51.四月a.A52.根本的，激进的a.r53.狡猾的；难处理的 a.t 54.策略，战略n.s55.宇宙的，普遍的a.u V.Word Form(10 points, 1 point each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.Small shops offer products that range from inexpensive to expensive, __(depend)on the shop.57.Our training program covers a range of __(effect)management techniques.58.Large sums of money have to __(spend)each year on railway construction.59.He saw a letter lying on the table __(address)to him.60.It is highly __(desire)that the government give the company more financial support.61.She had an outward __(appear), but deep down she was really worried.62.There are a __(surprise)large number of mistakes in the test paper.63.Weather __(permit), the football match will be played on Wednesday.64.He lay perfectly still and __(play)dead to escape capture by the enemy.65.We are supposed __(follow)the teachers9 instructions, VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66．当人类对周围的环境开始发问时，科学就诞生了。67．他尽管病得很重，但还是参加了会议。

（二）2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案

I.Vocabulary and Structure（每小题1分，共10分）

I.C2.C3.D4.B5.A6.D7.D8.A9.B10.C II.Cloze Test(每小题1分，共10分)11.D12.A13.B 14.A15.B16.B 17.A18.D19.C20.D Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(每小题2分，共30分)21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.B 27.C28.A29.D30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.C IV.Word Spelling(每两小题1分，共30分)36.abroad37.adverse38.empire39.ceremony40.circumstance 41.density42.emerge 43.enlarge44.feature45.magazine46.immigrant47.licence(-nse)48.meantime 49.necessity 50.obey51.April52.radical53.tricky54.strategy55.universal V.Word Form(每小题1分，共10分)56.depending57.effective58.be spent59.addressed60.desirable61.appearance 62.surprisingly 63.permitting64.played65.to follow VI.Translation from Chinese into English(每小题3分，共15分

2005年10月英语

（二）2007年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1．It makes good＿to bring an umbrella;it seems to be raining today.A.sense B．reason C.suggestion D.advice 2．If you are too＿of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.A.respective B.detective C．protective D．effective.3．His intelligence will＿him to get a scholarship to college.A.enable B.persuade C.suggest D.employ 4．The professor asked a question, and David＿a good answer.A.put up with B.stood up for C．came up with D．looked down upon 5．No sooner had we reached home＿a violent storm broke out.A.when B.that C．until D．than 6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.A.from...to B．from...in C.for...in D.in...from 7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.A.send off B．lay aside C．take to D.turn off 8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.A.expanded B.emerged C.descended D.conquered 9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.A.symbolize B.minimize C．synchronize D.summarize 10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.A.pulled out B.looked out C．held out D．stood out Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有＋个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

2005年10月英语

（二）of the language, so that you can understand the ideas conveyed and the references made, as well as the inferences which can 15 the information clearly given.So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which 16 English-watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain 17 and magazines written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and, above all, read-not textbooks, 18 novels, poems and plays.They will show you how a language is 19 used.The English language is a living form of expression which derives much of its 20 from the context, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra-linguistic knowledge.11．A.just B.even C.so D.that 12．A.outlook B.outcome C.outset D.outline 13．A.have learnt B.learn C.learning D.learnt 14．A．since B．until C．when D．unless 15．A．be carried over B．be freed from C．be held up D．be drawn from 16．A．influence B．abandon C．restore D.furnish 17．A.film B.television C．radio D.newspapers 18．A．but B．or C．and D．as 19．A．occasionally B．really C．casually D．scarcely 20．A．structure B．implication C．meaning D．indication Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

2005年10月英语

（二）for older people because they are too well known.A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow.His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure．But a child has his pains：he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are;he is continually being told what to do and what not to do．Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents;but at the same time he is forced to accept．responsibilities.With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble.If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be;but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy.With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given.The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life;they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them;and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.21．The happiest people should be those who A．face up to difficulties in lifeB．hope to be young again C．enjoy life in different agesD．wish to be grown up 22．The word “they” in Line 5，Para.2 refers to＿． A．older peopleB．new thingsC．childrenD．interests 23 ．A child has his pains because＿． A．he can not do whatever he wants to B．he is not allowed to play in rain C．he has a lot of new things to learn D.he can not play at the seaside freely

2005年10月英语

（二）24．When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to＿． A．live comfortably B．take responsibilities C．make progress in job D．impress the society 25．The best title of the passage might be＿． A．Pains and Ages B．Differences in Ages C．The Best Age to Be D．Happiness and Ages Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.We all know that humans are damaging the environment, but what can we do about it? Some people are trying to do their bit to be more environmentally friendly.Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living, such as recycling paper, tin, plastic and glass.They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites（填埋场），because they are running out of places to dump（倾倒）rubbish.In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep, but in other areas, you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank.Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones For example, some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries instead of plastic carrier bags, or use washable nappies instead of disposables.More people are becoming interested in reducing their carbon footprint—the amount of carbon they use up.They try to reduce their carbon emissions（释放）by cycling, using public transport or an electric car, rather than driving gas-consuming vehicles.Some people choose not to fly for holiday trips because planes are the biggest producers of carbon emissions.You can make‘green’ choices when buying food too.It's best to buy food which was locally grown or produced so that it hasn't been imported by air, or shipped by road from far away.Houses can be environmentally friendly too.It takes less energy to heat a house if it has good insulation（绝缘，隔热）and double glazing(双层玻璃）．You can also create your own energy it you have solar panels or a wind turbine fitted though these

2005年10月英语

（二）eat at home, often the working housewife prefers to prepare meals that can be quickly heated and consumed.It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a shelter for fast food consumption.This great transformation occurred after World War Ⅱ when many women began to work full time and spend less time at home with their families.Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of homemaker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity（商品）which had to be carefully used.Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner.Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television.Television became the latest fashion in the 1950s and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite programs.And then, the place for supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.As the customs changed, so did the culture.The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner.These were frozen meals which were divided into portions of meat and vegetables.They could easily be put into an oven（锅）and prepared within minutes.The tin trays（托盘）in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consumed in front of a TV set.Cleaning up afterwards was no problem.The tin trays were easily thrown into the garbage.From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road.Love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile.It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains.McDonald's paved the way with its variety of burgers and cold drinks soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods.Today dozens of fast-food chain stores can be found along highways, in modern shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America.Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger's, Burger King and Wendy's are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture． They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses.These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.31．In America, the whole family seldom have dinner together at home because＿．

2005年10月英语

（二）A．they have so many social activities B．they have a lot of meetings to attend C．they rush from one appointment to another D．they often move from one place to another 32．America has become a shelter for fast food consumption because A．some women are engaged in entertainments B．few women are able to make meals at home C．women are unwilling to cook for their families D．many women are mostly occupied with work 33．The passage tells that nowadays Americans have their supper＿． A．in the dinning room B．in the living room C．in the grocery stores D．in the fast food chains 34．The word “establishments” in the last paragraph probably means＿． A．fast foods B．TV dinners C．shopping malls D．snack bars 35．The main idea of the passage is about＿.A．women's role in American families B．advantages of fast food for Americans C．modern lifestyles and diet in America D．shift of American home entertainment PART TWO（50 POINTS）

Iv．Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。

请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

2005年10月英语

（二）V．Word Form(10 points, 1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56．I would play football with you if I＿20 years younger.(be)57．Just as she was about＿，she was handed a note．(speak)58．I don't want to make a show of＿before strangers.(Ⅰ)59．__is the mother of invention.This is remarkably true.(Necessary)60．The mayor gave a＿speech to call up the citizens against pollution.(convince)61．He was hurt by a flower vase＿from the balcony（阳台）．(drop)62．Neither the prices nor the quality＿in the last contract.(specify)63．The beauty of the place is beyond＿．(describe)64．It is the first time I＿with native speakers in English.(talk)65．The family spent a＿holiday in the country last month.(delight)Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.上周末的音乐会上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的学生担任钢琴伴奏。67.那些年轻人尽了全力才达到了他们的目标。68.全家人都同意去澳大利亚过新年。

69．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。70．科学技术从未像现在这样高速发展。

Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

（二）2008年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案

（课程代码：00015）

2005年10月英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2008年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案

一．单选题1-5ADBDC CDDAB 二.完形填空11-15ABCAB CAAAA 三.阅读理解 08年10 21-25BBADA 26-30BCCCC 31-35CDBCD 四.单词翻译

36.零zero 37.木制的wooden 38.想象vision 39.抓住seize 40.巨大tremendous 41.悬挂suspend 42.日常的routine43.准时punctual 44.展望outlook 45.氮nitrogen 46.混合mixture 47.照明luminate 48.一月January 49.变紧tighten

2005年10月英语

（二）50.英俊的handsome 51.地理geography 52.有成果的fruitful 53.熄灭extinguish 54.干旱draught 55.消耗consume 五.完型填空

56.signin57.earlier 58.colorful 59.to speak 60.would have seen 61.taken 62.conversation 63.harmful64.carefully 65.would have graduated 六.汉译英

66.People pay more and more attention to the quality of life 67.You should speak politely, naturally even if you are angry 68.Many people oppose to building a new reseaurant in the center of the city because of the high cost 69.He knows little about insurance 70.They are unconscious that they have completed a great scientific discovery 七，将短文译成汉语

有三种书籍拥有者：第一种人有所有的标准套装书和畅销书--但不曾阅读，甚至碰都没有碰过，这种人拥有书籍本身而不是书的内容。第二种人有许多书--一些阅读过，大部分浏览过。但所有这些书仍像买的时候那样干干净净，这种人可能喜欢把书占为己有，但是为了保持书籍的表面而忍痛不去读这本书。

第三种人有一些书或很多--每一本都卷着皮，由于不断的使用而散架了，一页一页的，从头到尾都作满了标记，这种人才是真正拥有书籍。

2005年10月英语

（二）2008年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.He was specifically asked to write a play that would be______to the local community.A.flexible B.accessibleC.responsibleD.Capable

2.It is strongly held that new______must be introduced to protect the right ofthe immigrants.A.statisticsB.environment.constructionsC.measuresD.Concessions

3.Country life is better than city life______it offers fresh air and noiseless A.in thatB.as thatC.as forD.in which 4.Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the Prime Minister______the crisis.A.handlesB.conductsC.observesD.directs 5.It took a few seconds for her eyes to______to the darkness.A.allocateB.adoptC.applyD.adjust

6.To write up his novel，John is looking for an environment free______outside distraction.A.onB.withC.fromD.in 7.Johnson was ______unknown before running for the presidency.A.visiblyB.visuallyC.verticallyD.virtually 8.The volunteers would rather go by train than______.A.to driveB.driveC.drivenD.to be driven 9.Never before______so rapidly developing as it is today.A.has our country beenB.has been our country C.our country has beenD.our country been has 10.Police are______the disappearance of two children.A.looking upB.looking through C.looking into D.looking on

二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.When I was a child,I lived with my mother,my father having been away to work inthe town.I was then not___11___nine years old,lonely and expectant, ___12___for things which I knew little about.I walked out alone one morning along the mountain tops___13___ my home stood.The sun had not yet risen,and the air ___14___rain of the night and the mountain grass was heavy___15___tiny drops of water.As I looked back,I could see the marks my feet____16____on

2005年10月英语

（二）the long grassy slope behind me.I walked till I came to a place____17___a little stream ran into the deep valley below.Here it passed between soft,____18____banks;at one place a large slice of earth had fallen away from the bank on the other side,and it had made a little island a few feet wide with water____19____all round it.It was covered with a weed with yellow flowers and long waving grasses.I sat down on the bank____20____a short pine tree.All the plants on the island were dark with the heavy raindrops of the night,and the sun had not yet risen.(1).(A).yet(B).however(C).but(D).Nevertheless

(2).(A).sending(B).longing(C).standing(D).Making(3).(A).in which(B).at which(C).from which(D).on which(4).(A).melt(B).felt(C).smelt(D).Sensed

(5).(A).for(B).with(C).on(D).Upon

(6).(A).have made(B).has made(C).had made(D).having made(7).(A).where(B).that(C).which(D).What

(8).(A).worldly(B).hardening(C).worthy(D).Earthen

(9).(A).drifting(B).flowing(C).blowing(D).Floating(10).(A).at the top of(B).on the part of(C).at the foot of(D).on the ground of

三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Many people think New York is a noisy city.In fact,scientists who study noise say that the average noise level in New York is 72.5 decibels.This is a little louder than normal conversation,which is 65 decibels.The noise level is the result of so many people and cars in the same area.Now even the insides of taxis are noisy.When you get into a taxi,you hear the voice of a wellknown singer,sports reporter,or Broadway actress giving instructions.That’t right.The voice of a famous person tells you what to do.One popular singer gives this message:“Cats have nine lives,but you have only one,so fasten your seat belt!”Other voices say things such as“Don’t forget to collect all your belongings.”（People often leave hats,umbrellas,and bags in taxis.）

There is a good reason for the messages.There are more than 12,000 cabs in New York,and every year taxis get into more than 15,000 accidents.In an accident,people who don’t wear seat belts hit the partition,the glass wall separating the driver and passengers in the taxi.They can hurt their foreheads or break their noses or chins.Every year,about 11,000 people are injured in this way.Many people are annoyed by the voices.Cabdrivers in particular dislike the messages.“I play the messages 12 hours a day.I hear the same voices 60 times a day.It makes me crazy,”says Amir,a 45yearold cabdriver.“But if I don’t play the messages,I get fined ＄100.”A lot of passengers complain,too.2005年10月英语

（二）“It’s too much noise,”says a passenger.“I asked the driver to turn off the message,but he said he can’t.”Other people think the voices are a great idea.One taxi driver says,“People like to hear the famous voices,and they put on their seat belts more often.”And passengers from out of town really like the idea.“Most of the time,taxi drivers are in a bad mood,”says Melanie Benton,who visits New York often on business,“It’s nice to hear a cheerful voice when you get into a cab.”

(1).The sentence“Cats have nine lives,but you have only one”implies that______.(A).human beings have only one life(B).cats live longer than human beings(C).cats will have new lives after they die(D).human beings should value their lives

(2).People who are most likely to be injured in a taxi accident are______.(A).those who wear seat belts(B).those who like messages(C).those who do not wear seat belts(D).those who dislike messages

(3).It can be inferred from the passage that a taxi driver hears the same voices______every day.(A).about 5 times an hour(B).about 6 times an hour(C).about 50 times an hour(D).about 60 times an hour

(4).The cabdrivers play the messages again and again because______.(A).they are willing to do so(B).they do not want to pay a fine(C).the passengers ask them to do so(D).the voice of the messages is cheerful(5).The author of this passage seems to believe that______.(A).New York is the noisiest city in the U.S.(B).messages played by taxi drivers are useless(C).messages in taxis should be voiced by famous people(D).voices from taxis partly caused the high noise level of New York 2.Some people might think that Father’s Day was established as a holiday to help greeting card companies sell more cards.However,when Father’s Day was first suggested in the early 1900s,Father’s Day cards hadn’t been invented yet.The idea of celebrating Father’s Day was actually inspired by Mother’s Day.In 1909,Mother’s Day was just becoming very popular in the United States.One day,Sonora Dodd,of Spokane,Washington,was listening to a church talk about setting aside a day to honor one’s mother.It gave her the idea to propose a day to honor fathers,and in particular,her own father—William Jackson Smart.Mr.Smart had raised Sonora and her five brothers and sisters all by himself after Sonora’s mother died in childbirth.As an adult,Sonora realized the selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent.2005年10月英语

（二）Her father made all the parental sacrifices.In the daughter’s eyes,her father was a courageous,selfless,and loving man.Mrs.Dodd went to her minister and others about having a church service devoted to fathers on June 5,her father’s birthday.That date was too soon for her minister to prepare a service,so he spoke two weeks later on June 19.It took about a year of working with politicians,religious leaders,businessmen and the local Young Men’s

Christian Association to bring life to her idea of an annual Father’s Day.Eventually all her hard work paid off.On June 19,1910,the first Father’s Day was celebrated in Spokane,Washington.In 1972 President Richard Nixon established a permanent national celebration of Father’s Day to be held on the third Sunday in June.Since then,fathers have been honored and recognized by their families throughout the U.S.on that date.Father’s Day has become a day to not only honor your father,but all men who act as a father figure.Stepfathers,uncles,grandfathers,and adult male friends are all honored on Father’s Day.It’s also another day for greeting card companies and shop owners to celebrate because sales of the most popular gifts for Dad（shirts,ties,and electric shavers）increase considerably.(1).The passage mainly tells about______.(A).Mrs.Dodd’s love for her father

(B).the origin and establishment of Father’s Day

(C).the importance of honoring fathers in the U.S.(D).Mrs.Dodd’s contribution to the government decision(2).Mrs.Dodd loved her father because he______.(A).had a large family(B).was a single parent(C).was a respected minister(D).was courageous,selfless and loving(3).In the United States,the first Father’s Day was celebrated nationwide in______.(A).1972(B).1910(C).1909(D).1900

(4).The author of the passage seems to believe that______.(A).stepfathers should not be honored on Father’s Day(B).Father’s Day has nothing to do with Mother’s Day

(C).Father’s Day started with Mrs.Dodd’s love for her father(D).card companies should not make money on Father’s Day cards(5).Greeting card companies welcome Father’s Day because______.(A).their sale increases(B).it is a national holiday(C).adult male friends are also honored(D).they can sell ties,shirts and electric shavers

3.This green and blue planet spinning in space is under severe stress.If we continue to exploit the planet at the present rate,human and animal life will be threatened.Human pride will be followed by nature’s punishment.To save our earth and ourselves,we need first develop an unbiased understanding of

2005年10月英语

（二）ourselves,nature and life.Everyone understands the meaning of the sentence“Man should respect animal life and nature”.But the exact meaning of man,nature and animal life is not always clear.Many refer to man and animals as if they were essentially different.I consider man to be an animal and only differing in degree and not in kind from other animals.Although I discuss in conventional terms human rights and animal rights as if they were separate,strictly speaking,human rights should be considered a branch of animal rights.The word“nature”is one of the most complex words in the language,but it has developed three main areas of meaning.These are,first,the essential quality and character of something（as in human nature,or the nature of wood）;second,the inherent force which influences the world（as in Mother Nature）;third,the entire world itself.The last can be taken to include or to exclude human beings,as the phrase man and the natural world implies.I consider humans to be an integral part of nature, although they are also the beings most capable of interfering with its processes.Unfortunately a central drive of Western“man”has been to conquer“nature”, as if it were an object separate from him.Hence it has become common to distinguish between what is natural（existing without man’s interference）and artificial（manmade）.In this way, natural growth is opposed to education, civilization to the natural state.For many urban people living permanently among concrete and glass, nature itself has come to mean little more than the countryside.And this notion of opposition is where the seed of potential destruction lies.(1).The word“unbiased”in Line 4 of Para.1 means ______.(A).unbalanced(B).fair(C).partial(D).unreasonable(2).As for the relationship between man and animals, the author holds that ______.(A).man is a kind of animals(B).man is superior to animals(C).man is the same as animals(D).man and animals are essentially different from each other(3).The word“they”in Line 6 of Para.2 refers to ______.(A).human rights(B).animal rights(C).human beings and animals(D).human rights and animal rights

(4).In the author’s opinion, the word“nature”indicates ______.(A).a particular kind of thing(B).the inherent force which influences the world(C).the entire world itself including human beings(D).the essential quality and character of something

(5).The very last sentence of the passage implies that ______.(A).urbanization violates the peace of the countryside(B).the people in the cities cannot enjoy the nature’s beauty

(C).man cannot destroy nature, as they are different from each other

2005年10月英语

（二）(D).if man goes against nature, the world will probably be destroyed

四、Word Spelling（10 points,1 point for two items）

将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题卡上。

1.使活动，使起作用vt.a_ _ _ _ _ _ _2.令人厌烦的a.b_ _ _ _ _ 3.总结，概述v.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _4.争论，辩论n.d_ _ _ _ _ 5.相反的a.c_ _ _ _ _ _ _6.网络；网状物n.n_ _ _ _ _ _

7.明显的a.e_ _ _ _ _ _8.凋谢，枯萎，退色vi.f_ _ _ 9.种族的a.r_ _ _ _ _10.和谐；协调n.h_ _ _ _ _ _

11.满意，满足n.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _12.身份；同一n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13.解释，下定义vt.d_ _ _ _ _14.面试，口试，采访vt.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15.社会学n.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _16.谦虚的；适中的a.m_ _ _ _ _ 17.旅行，行程n.j_ _ _ _ _ _18.拥有者n.o_ _ _ _

19.描绘，描写，描述vt.p_ _ _ _ _ _

20.拥有，具有vt.p_ _ _ _ _ _

五、Word Form（10 points,1 point for each item）

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题卡上。

1.Their new advertising campaign has been very ______（success）.2.For the ______（secure）of passengers, all hand baggage is carefully checked.3.The ______（resolve）calling for a ban on nuclear tests was passed by a twothirds majority in the Congress.4.Untrained and nervous, she is nevertheless ______（pride）and determined.5.It is best to write about things you have experienced ______（person）.6.The government is planning to ______（simple）the tax laws.7.We regard cheating in exams as totally ______（acceptable）.8.Studies show that if workers have short but frequent breaks they will become more ______（product）.9.The minister was under great ______（press）to resign.10.This is an ______（exception）case;I’ve never seen anything like it before.六、Translation from Chinese into English（15 points,3 points for each item）将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题卡上。

1.由于发生了强烈地震，这个地区的交通中断了。

Due to/Because of the strong earthquake, the transportation in this area broke down.2.这就是我们去年开会的地方。

答案：This is the very place where we had a meeting last year.3.我如果不是在忙着找工作，也许就来看望你了。

.答案：I would have come to visit you if I had not been busy looking for a job.2005年10月英语

（二）Had I not been busy hunting for a job, I would have come to visit you 4.为了通过英语考试，他不得不熬夜复习。

1答案：Only in this way can/will you find a well paid job/a job of high salary.5.只有这样你才能找到一份高薪水的工作。

1答案：To/In order to pass the English test/exam, he has to sit up far into night/stay up late to review the lessons.七、Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题卡上。

1.Many people think an only child is lucky because of the material goods and attention he or she receives.But only children have their problems, too.For one thing, they have no privacy.Parents always feel entitled to know everything that’s going on in an only child’s life.Also, only children never have the opportunity to put the blame on a brother or sister for something they’ve done wrong.Third, only children miss the companionship of brothers and sisters.They can be lonely, and they may have trouble making friends later in life because they have never learned to get along with a brother or sister.2008年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案

一、选择: B,C,A,A,D;

C,D,B,C,A;

二、完形填空： A，B，D，C，B； C，A，D，B，C；

三、阅读： D，C，A，B，D；

B，D，A，C，A；

B，A，D，D，D；

四、写词： activate，boring，summarize，debate，contrary，network；Evident，fade，racial，harmony，satisfaction，identity；Define, interview, sociology, modest, journey, owner, possess portray

五、完成句子： successful security resolution Proud personally simplify Exceptional productive pressure unacceptable

六、翻译答案：

七、短文翻译: 答案：许多人认为，独生子女很幸运，其原因就在于他们所拥有的物质享受和得到的关照。但是，独生子女也有自己的问题。首先，他们毫无隐私而言。父母总觉得有权知道独生子女生活中的一切。另外，要是独生子女做错了事，他们可没有机会将责任推脱给兄弟或姐妹。第三，独生子女没有兄弟姐妹陪伴。他们可能会感到孤单，而且日后也可能难以与人交往，因为他们此前就从未学过如何与兄弟姐妹相处。

2005年10月英语

（二）2009年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案

一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.We ______ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A.occasionally B.relatively C.continually D.absolutely 答案：A 2.This is the first time that a woman has been _____ to the post.A.granted B.praised C.pointed D.appointed 答案：D 3.If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_____.A.aggression B.advantage C.alternative D.ambition 答案：C 4.Dont trust everything______ you have read in the newspapers.A.which B.that C.as D.what 答案：B 5.The conclusion from the study is not definite;it is just_____.A.tentative B.valid C.technical D.thorough 答案：A 6.She _____ everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A.set off B.set back C.set aside D.set up 答案：C 7.When you _____ know Bob better, you will like him.A.go to B.got to C.went to D.get to 答案：D 8.Ive got the order from the boss that the work ______ finished before 5p.m.today.A.would be B.be C.will have been D.could be 答案：B 9.______Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A.What B.Which C.That D.Who 答案：A 10.It is not decided _____ the conference will be held.A.what B.which C.when D.that 答案：C

二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.We all believe that modern technology can make life better because it makes everything faster.But by 11 everything up, we suffer losses we have not yet learnt to know.Our day begins with speedy urges: the alarm rings and you jump 12 bed.You

2005年10月英语

（二）take a quick shower.Then you wake the kids and 13 them through breakfast so they wont miss the bus.At the dining table, you swallow some slices of bread with a cup of tea.When everything 14, you hurry to the car, thinking of the things you would buy from the supermarket on the way 15.Driving 20 minutes in the busy traffic, you reach your workplace, rushing into the building and 16 up the stairs three at a time, arriving at your desk with seconds to spare.You take 17 deep breaths.Then, you instantly remember that the 18 you didnt finish last night must be faxed to Beijing by 10 oclock in the morning.Yet it seems that the 19 we go, the further we fall behind.Not only in the literal sense of not getting done what we set out to do, 20 at a deeper level.It has come to the point where my days feel like an Olympic marathon.(1).答案：

2005年10月英语

（二）三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Parents can have a great impact on the development of their childrens creativity in art.But first, they have to know how.They may find the following advice interesting and instructive.Encourage free drawing rather than coloring books.Coloring books stop the possibility of selfexpression.A child may just enjoy colorful pictures and never learn how to express himself.As an art teacher says, “Children have a very powerful instinct to draw freely and roughly.Such practice makes them learn language easily.” In fact, a child expresses himself in rough drawing.This is the beginning of literacy and creativity.Also, parents should not teach their kids“how” to draw and they should not make their kids draw realistic pictures to entertain themselves.Experience tells us that such teaching from the parents will discourage children, making them think they cant do it the “right”way.Competition and rewards should also be avoided in the process of artistic creation.A childs natural instinct to create will disappear if he or she thinks about prize while drawing.Parents should be role models for their kids.They should not say things like,“I cant draw a straight line.”Instead, they should learn to say,“I love to create.”This teaches children that the process of creation is more important than the product.If children see their parents drawing, cooking or building creatively, they will do the same.Buy a notebook for your child to use every day.This can be a journal for making up stories, writing ideas and drawing pictures.Even the youngest child can use it to draw freely and roughly, expressing himself.Take your child to places that promote ideas and creativity.Art museums, science centers, libraries and childrens museums all are great places to see other

2005年10月英语

（二）peoples creativity.That will inspire children to make their own creations and inventions.Give children choices and free time.Some of the best ideas come from daydreaming and imagining.In short, parents should allow their kids to have the freedom to invent for themselves.That means not always teaching and commanding.(1).To develop their artistic creativity, children should be encouraged to______.(A).(B).(C).(D).draw freely and roughly learn to draw realistic pictures know how to draw before they start learn to draw good pictures to get prizes 答案：A(2).Parents are encouraged to be role models for their kids because.(A).(B).(C).(D).parents love to create parents can draw straight lines children tend to follow their parents examples children like the product of their parents creativity 答案：C(3).It can be inferred from the passage that in artistic creation.(A).product is more important than process(B).process is more important than product(C).process and product are equally important(D).both process and product are unimportant 答案：B(4).To be inspired by other peoples creativity,children should.(A).write ideas(B).make up stories(C).buy good notebooks(D).visit museums, libraries, and science centers 答案：D(5).The main idea of this passage is that.(A).children should be encouraged to draw freely(B).children should follow their parents examples(C).parents should know how to cultivate their kids creativity(D).most parents teach their kids confidently and instructively 答案：C 2.It is often said that politeness costs nothing.In fact, it seems that a little more politeness could save businesses ￡5 billion every year.Frequently hearing the phrase“thank you” or “well done” means the same to

2005年10月英语

（二）staff as a modest pay rise.Praise and encouragement also makes employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs.In this way the business companies can save the cost of finding new employees.A third of 1,000 workers surveyed by a consulting firm said they did not get thanked at all when they did well—and a further third said they were not thanked enough.In both cases, staff said they felt undervalued, meaning they were less likely to exert themselves and were more likely to look for employment elsewhere.The result of the survey shows that there would be around ￡52 billion loss in productivity if the employees felt less appreciated.According to the firm, praising staff has the same positive effect as a 1 per cent pay rise—and works out much cheaper for bosses.Three out of four employees said that regular acknowledgement by their bosses was important to them, but only a quarter said they were actually given as much praise as they felt they needed.The survey found that those in bluecollar and manual jobs were less likely to be given any recognition for doing well.But it seems that they most need such praise.In regional terms, Scottish staff felt most undervalued.Four out of ten workers said they were never thanked and eight out of ten said they would like more praise.However, workers in the NorthEast are less impressed by being praised by the boss, as only 69 per cent said they felt the need to be told “well done” regularly.Older employees and women need the most reassurance, according to psychologist Averil Leimon.She said that words of praise did more than creating a pleasant place to work—they could even promote profits.(1).The survey indicates that politeness could save businesses a huge amount of money every year because.(A).(B).(C).(D).politeness makes employees expect pay rise politeness is less likely to make staff work harder politeness helps employers find proper employees politeness helps employers reduce the cost of staff employment 答案：D(2).Workers doing well but not getting thanks from their bosses will probably.(A).leave for jobs elsewhere(B).work harder to get praise from their bosses(C).exert themselves in their work to get pay rise(D).work harder to get encouragement from their bosses 答案：A(3).According to the survey, of the employees believed they were praised as much as expected.36

2005年10月英语

（二）(A).25%(B).30%(C).40%(D).75% 答案：A(4).The survey shows that those who do not pay much attention to praise are.(A).staff from Scotland(B).workers in NorthEast(C).older and women employees(D).older and women employees 答案：B

(5).It can be concluded from the passage that.(A).bluecollar employees are expecting more pay rise(B).pleasant workplace could promote business profits(C).pay rise is an important motivation for manual workers(D).words of praise could possibly increase business profits 答案：D 3.A centuriesold tradition, illustrated in a modern childrens book, links the sweetness of honey with the joy of learning to read.“The grandpa held a jar of honey so that all the family could see.He then dipped a spoon into it and put some honey on the cover of a small book.The little girl had just turned five.‘Stand up, little one,’ he asked the girl softly.‘I did this for your mother,your uncles, your older brother, and now you!’Then, he handed the book to her.‘Taste!’She touched the honey with her finger and put it into her mouth.‘Whats that taste?’ the grandpa asked.The little girl answered,‘Sweet!’ Then all of the family said in a single voice,‘Yes, and so is knowledge, but knowledge is from the bee that made that sweet honey, you have to go after it through the pages of a book!’The little girl knew that the promise to read was at last hers.Soon she was goingto learn to read.”This is the beginning of a profoundly moving childrens book entitled Thank You,Mr.Falker.In this book, Patricia Polacco writes of her own passion to read, inspired by the honey on the book.It wasnt until fifth grade that she met her beloved teacher who provided the hlep that she needed to finally unlock the magic of the written word.Reading this book,we are in fact acquainted with some enduring traditions of child education that stress the importance of verbal capacity at a very early age.The child learning to read is admitted into a collective memory by way of books.And with the printed words that are active with meaning, the child becomes acquainted with a common past which he or she renews, to a greater or lesser degree, in every reading.Much as the author of the book Thank You, Mr.Falker puts it,“Almost as if it were magic, or as if light poured into her brain, the words and sentences started to take shape on the page as they never had before„And she understood the whole thing„Then she went into the living room and found the book on a shelf, the very book that her grandpa had shown her so many years ago.She spooned honey on the cover and tasted the sweetness„Then she held the book, honey and all, close to her chest.She could feel tears roll down her cheeks, but they werent tears of sadness—she was happy, so very happy.”

(1).The girl who tasted the honey on the book was.37

2005年10月英语

（二）(A).nearly six years old(B).less than five years old(C).more than six years old(D).a little more than five years old答案：D(2).It can be inferred from the passage that.(A).the girls mother and uncles were good scholars(B).Mr.Falker helped Patricia Polacco write her book for children(C).the honeyonthebook tradition has been practised for many generations(D).the girl who tasted the honey on the book writes the book Thank You, Mr.Falker 答案：C

(3).The book entitled Thank You, Mr.Falker is about.(A).(B).(C).(D).the early life of Mr.Falker Polaccos early experience with reading the magic power of written words on children how the honey on the book makes children feel happy 答案：B(4).The main purpose of this passage is to.(A).introduce a “profoundly moving”childrens book(B).tell that childrens verbal capacity is very important(C).show that words are magic and they make children happy(D).show how the girl who tasted the honey on the book grew into a writer 答案：A(5).The last paragraph implies that the happiness of the little girl came from.(A).the honey she tasted(B).the ability to read books(C).the book her grandpa had shown her(D).the collective memory that accepted her 答案：B

四、Word Form（10 points,1 point for each item）将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题卡上。

1.This was one of the most ___(fruit)debates of the conference.答案：fruitful 2.None of the applicants has any___(profession)job experience.答案：professional

3.Most computer users have never received any formal training;___(consequence),their skills are limited.答案：consequently

4.Our new office building is ___(infinite)better than the old one.答案：infinitely

5.Their aim was to___(modern)the health service, and they succeeded.答案：modernize

6.She felt very ___(weaken)after long illness.答案：weak

7.When the play started, the children ___(tell)to sit down quietly.38

2005年10月英语

（二）答案：were told

8.We should take a ___(globe)view of our business.答案：global

9.It took her only five minutes to work out a ___(solve)to the difficult problem.答案：solution

10.The doctor advised him to eat a great___(various)of food.答案：variety

五、Translation from Chinese into English（15 points,3 points for eachitem）将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题卡上。

1.不管愿不愿意，你都必须按时完成这个项目。

答案：Whether you like it or not, you have to finish this project on time.2.死记硬背的东西很容易被遗忘。

答案：What is learned by rote will easily be forgotten/be forgotten easily.3.经过长期的和平谈判，两国最终达成了协议。

答案：After a long period of peace talks, the two countries have finally come to terms/reached an agreement.4.请读一下这份介绍今年财务状况的报告。

答案：Please read this report which presents an account of this years financial situation.或者Please read this report about this years financial situation.5.要做这样的实验，就需要付出最大的努力和耐心。

答案：To undertake such an experiment, one should work with greatest efforts and patience.六、Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题卡上。

1.Adults can teach children to handle money by helping them to follow a money management plan.First, children should be taught ways to earn money.Babysitting, newspaper routes, or housework may be options.Then they should be shown how to save for something special.A plan can be developed that allows them to use a little of their money they earn for minor purchases, such as birthday cards and candy.The rest of the money they earn can be put in the bank.When there is enough, the child can purchase some big items, such as MP4, DVD players, etc.A money management plan taught early can help children spend money more wisely later in life.答案：大人可以教会孩子们如何按照理财计划处理金钱问题。首先，孩子们应该得到一些指导，学会怎么挣钱。帮人家看看小孩、替人送送报纸、做做家务等等，都是可行的选择。然后，大

人应该告诉孩子如何存钱，用以买些自己特别想要的东西。还要制定一个计划，让孩子们可以从

存款中拿出一小部分来，买些零星物品，如生日卡片、糖果等。剩余的钱可以存到银行里，存到足够多时，孩子们就可以买些大件，如MP4，DVD播放器等。小时候学些理财计划有助于孩子们将来更合理地花钱。

2005年10月英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

ⅠVocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1.You may use bike________ you give it back to me tomorrow morning.A.unless B.provided C.though D.because 2.He could not ________his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university A.hold up B.hold back C.get over D.get through 3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth ______their children A.on B.for C.with D.to 4.The teacher required that all errors should be _______eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A.deported B.eliminated C.deprived D.implemented 5.A person is lucky if his career ________with his interest and hobby.A.concerns B.competes C.coinciders D.compares 6.Out sleep influences our mood.our mood, ________,affects our performance.A.in return B.in vain C.in short D.in turn 7.It was ________of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A.considerate B.considering C.considerable D.considered 8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some ________on my recent article at the conference.A.requests B.references C.remarks D.restrictions 9.He is ______absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.A.so B.each C.very D.much 10.No sooner(选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A.did I reach

B.I had reached C.had I reached

D.I reached

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

It is difficult to escape the influence of television.If you fit the statistical messages, by the age of 20 you will have been esposed___11___at least 20,000 hours of television.You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived ___12___the age of 20.The only things Americans do more than them watch the television are work an sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those ____13____.Five thousand, I am sold, are what a typical college undergraduate____14____working in a bachelor’s degree.In 10,000 hours you corded have learned several lauguages fluently, you could be reading Shakespeare in the ____15____,and you could have walked around the world the world and ____16____a book about these hours.The trouble with television is____17____it discourages concentrations.Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life____18____some constructive effort.The dultest , the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem remarkable to those____19____never concertrate on anything.But television encourages us not to make any___20___.It makes the time pass without gain.11.A.to B.under C.for D.at

商务交流(二)—2008年4月自考真题及答案5篇

第一篇：商务交流(二)—2008年4月自考真题及答案

第二篇：英语二自考历年真题及答案

第三篇：自考行政管理学真题和答案汇总

第四篇：自考英语二历年真题及答案(2005-2011)

第五篇：自考英语二历年真题及答案(2007-2013)

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