大学英语四级考试新题型四大变化

第一篇：大学英语四级考试新题型四大变化

大学英语四级考试新题型四大变化

新四级题型更加灵活，考查方式多样化，题量增大，考生要加快答题速度，进行针对性训练。对比分析新老四级题型后，武汉新东方学校四级英语主讲教师刘畅得出以上结论。

■题型变化

变化一：听力比重提高

新题型中，听力的比重由20％上升到35％，阅读理解比重由40％下降到35％。刘畅认为，以前在四六级考试中被公认的“得阅读者得天下”应改为“得听力者得天下，得阅读者守天下”。题型也分为小对话、长对话、短文章、复合式听写四种。第一部分由8个小对话和2个长对话组成；第二部分是3篇短文章；第三部分为复合式听写。增设了难度介于小对话和短文之间的长对话，每个长对话后有3~4道题。

变化二：增设快速阅读

阅读的比重减为35％。其中，仔细阅读的文章减少至2篇，分数占全卷的20％，题型为广大考生熟悉的四选一。另出现两种新的阅读考查方法：快速阅读和选词填空。选词填空考查方式为：在一篇220字左右的文章中，从给出的15个备选单词中选出10个填入文章空白处。另外，快速阅读要求在15分钟内完成一篇1200字左右的文章和后面的10道题，前7个是判断正误，后3个是填空题（答案基本都是原文中出现的原词）。

变化三：综合部分难度增加

综合部分为完形填空或改错、汉译英或简短回答，分数占全卷的15％。其特点是题型选择多样，并有一定比例的主观题。

其中汉译英不是整句翻译，而是英文句子中留出中文部分，相当于词组考查；选词填空与老题型完形填空比，更注重考查词的辨析和基本用法。

刘畅认为，虽然新四级中取消了考查语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分，而用上了更加灵活的考查方式。所以，背单词的习惯不仅不能丢，还要能正确使用。

变化四：写作侧重应用文体

刘畅认为，样卷中把写作排在第一部分，意味着考试中很可能先考写作。即按照写作、快速阅读理解、听力理解、仔细阅读理解、完形填空和翻译的顺序进行测试。

写作部分分数占全卷的15％，新四级在对考生的写作能力要求上并没有大的提高，但从近两年题目上看，考查应用型文体是趋势。

■备考技巧

加快答题速度加强针对训练

1．听力平时要练习关键词速记；坚持每天听半小时英语，临考前增加听力练习时间。

2．利用原四级真题进行快速阅读训练，限时阅读和不限时阅读交叉进行，以调整“考试生物钟”。

3．仔细阅读时间减少，尽量挤出选词填空的时间来弥补。

4．写作可采用中英文互译法提高英语基本表达能力。选取一句地道英文将其译为中文，过段时间后再将这句中文翻译成英文，并与原文对照，找出不足。

第二篇：大学英语四级考试新题型预测卷(三)

大学英语四级考试新题型预测卷

（三）Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of My View on Online Promotion.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1.网络促销形式多种多样； 2.你对此有什么看法？

My View on Online Promotion 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.A)Going to the football game.B)Watching television.C)Nothing right now.D)Studying.2.A)9:00

B)9:10

C)9:20

D)9:30

3.A)Because she is sick.B)Because she has to work.C)Because she has to go to the International Students Association.D)Because she does not want to go.4.A)The students will be attending the meeting.B)The teacher postponed the meeting.C)There wont be a test this afternoon.D)The students took a math test that afternoon.5.A)There was nothing wrong with the old one.B)They hadn’t enough money to buy it.C)The washing machine is more expensive than the racing bicycle.D)They both wanted to buy a racing bicycle.6.A)She doesn’t usually get calls here.B)She wants a telephone of her own.C)She is looking for a new place to work.D)She doesn’t know the man’s name.7.A)He isn’t sure.B)He well go by train.C)He well go by plane.D)He well go by bus.8.A)He wanted a job.B)He’s very important.C)He has important evidence.D)He wanted to make a good impression.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)The woman’s husband.B)The owner of the apartment.C)The apartment manager.D)The tenant who occupies the apartment now.10.A)One.B)Two.C)Three.D)Four.11.A)Because she thought the apartment was too small.B)Because it was the first apartment she had seen.C)Because the rent was too high.D)Because her husband had not seen it.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Three.B)Four.C)Five.D)Six.13.A)It was given in notes.B)It was given verbally.C)The topics of the assignment were written on the board.D)The topics were printed on the handouts.14.A)Because the woman has a moral objection.B)Because the woman didn’t write down all of it.C)Because the woman never takes notes.D)Because the woman remembers it well enough.15.A)Because he is interested in the subject.B)Because he has already written a paper on it.C)Because he doesn’t know anything about it.D)Because it is very abstract.Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)The influence of Japan on American society.B)The influence of the US on Japanese society.C)The mixing of two cultures seen in both societies.D)Disney characters in Japan.17.A)American food.B)Japanese food.C)The brand of a Japanese car.D)A name of one of the Disney’s famous characters.18.A)It’s about Japanese history.B)It’s about the restaurants under the sea.C)It’s about the famous Disney characters under the sea.D)It’s about the scene at the bottom of the sea around Japan.Passage Two Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Fifty people were killed.B)A lot of people were injured.C)Nothing was damaged.D)Properties worth more than 50,000 dollars were lost.20.A)Someone deliberately put explosives in the laboratory.B)Gas leaked from underneath into the laboratory.C)The authorities were not anxious to better the laboratory conditions.D)Some dangerous chemicals started the explosion.21.A)The defects in gas pipes should have been found and repaired, and the laboratory inspected regularly.B)The university should have more responsible person on holiday.C)The laboratory should have been used every day.D)There should have been a warning system.Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It resembles the biological virus.B)It works the same way as the human virus.C)It influences the human as the biological viruses do.D)It spreads to people who use the infected computers.23.A)They invade the computer and make it a place for manufacturing.B)They spread throughout the whole system by quickly copying themselves.C)They infect the hard disc and the whole system.D)They spread viruses inside the computer system.24.A)It is a virus that causes great damage.B)It is a virus that once infected the IBM’s computer system.C)It is a virus that carries a Christmas greeting.D)It is a virus that causes no harm to the computer systems.25.A)It can cause no damages at all.B)It can cause damages to the computer systems.C)It can copy your files in computers.D)It can format your hard drive.Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

It is interesting how NASA chose their astronauts for landing them on the moon.They chose men between the ages of twenty and thirty-five.There were about fifty of them.Many of them were(26)

air pilots and others were scientists.NASA(27)

each man they were going to choose;told him the plans and the(28)

they might get in.And they then asked him if he was(29)

to train as an astronaut.“How could any man refuse such an exciting(30)

?”One of them said, “Dangerous? Of course, it is dangerous, but most exciting!”The health and physical condition of the men were, of course, very important.Only those in very good health and physical condition were(31)

.While training to be astronauts, they went through many(32)

.They studied the stars and the moon, and they also studied(33), the science of rocks.This was necessary because astronauts would have to look for rocks on the moon.They would try to find rocks which might help to tell the age of the moon.They were all trained to fly in helicopters.These helicopters(34)

to give the men some experience of the way the spaceship would actually land on the moon.They were also taught all the known facts about conditions in space.They learned all the(35)

of the spaceships and rockets.They learned how every part of a spaceship and its instruments work.They also learned every detail of the ground control system.Part ⅢReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.When you are sick, you often call a doctor.But if you have a very sick book, you might call Henry Richardson, a 36 bookbinder, who gives new life to old books that are yellowed and damaged.Many of these sick books are 37;some may be the only copies still existing.Henry Richardson has saved the lives of many books.He works with them very 38, as though he were touching a young baby.The first step is to wash the pages.Richardson removes the old book cover, 39 the pages, and places each one in water.Richardson fixes these while they are still wet, placing each one on a heavy piece of glass.The washed pages are now white and 40 repaired.They are 41 from the glass and placed between pieces of paper to dry.After drying, the pages are placed together again in the 42 book cover.Sometimes only the front and back parts of the old cover can be used with new pieces added to hold them together.Sometimes it is 43 to make a whole new cover.The final step is to return the stronger and cleaner 44 15th or 16th century book to the library so that once again it can be read with 45.For Henry Richardson this is the best and happiest part of his job—seeing sick books become well and useful again.“After all,” he says, “what is the use of a book if you cant read it?”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)opportunities

B)renewed

C)perfectly

D)replaced

E)gently F)original

G)alternative

H)unknown

I)separates

J)necessary K)professional

L)unique

M)removed

N)pleasure

O)gracefully Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Female Power [A]The economic empowerment of women throughout the developed world is one of the most remarkable revolutions of the past 50 years.It is remarkable because of the extent of the change: millions of people who were once dependent on men have taken control of their own economic fates.It is remarkable also because it has produced so little friction: a change that affects the most intimate aspects of people’s identities has been widely welcomed by men as well as women.*B+The rich world has seen a growing demand for women’s labour, and the demand has been matched by supply: women are increasingly willing and able to work outside the home.The vacuum cleaner has played its part.Improved technology reduced the amount of time needed for the traditional female work of cleaning and cooking.[C]The expansion of higher education has also boosted job prospects for women, improving their value on the job market and shifting their role models from stay at home mothers to successful professional women.In 1963, 62% of college educated women in the United States were in the labour force, compared with 46% of those with a high school diploma.Today 80% of American women with a college education are in the labour force compared with 67% of those with a high school diploma and 47% of those without one.[D]One of the most surprising things about this revolution is how little overt(公开的)celebration it has engendered.Most people welcome the change.But few are cheering.This is partly because young women take their opportunities for granted.It is partly because for many women work represents economic necessity rather than liberation.The rich world’s growing army of single mothers have little choice but to work.A growing proportion of married women have also discovered that the only way they can preserve their households living standards is to join their husbands in the labour market.In America families with stay at home wives have the same inflation adjusted income as similar families did in the early 1970s.But the biggest reason is that the revolution has brought plenty of problems in its wake.*E+One obvious problem is that women’s rising aspirations have not been fulfilled.They have been encouraged to climb onto the occupational ladder only to discover that the middle rungs are dominated by men and the upper rungs are out of reach.Only 2% of the bosses of Fortune 500 companies and five of those in the FTSE 100 stockmarket index are women.Women make up less than 13% of board members in America.In America and Britain the typical full time female worker earns only about 80% as much as the typical male.[F]This no doubt owes something to prejudice.But the biggest reason why women remain frustrated is more profound: many women are forced to choose between motherhood and careers.Childless women in corporate America earn almost as much as men.Mothers with partners earn less and single mothers much less.The cost of motherhood is particularly steep for fast track women.Traditionally “female” jobs such as teaching mix well with motherhood because wages do not rise much with experience and hours are relatively light.But at successful firms wages rise steeply and schedules are demanding.Future bosses are expected to have worked in several departments and countries.Professional services firms have an up or out system which rewards the most dedicated with lucrative(有利可图的)partnerships.The reason for the income gap may thus be the opposite of prejudice.It is that women are judged by exactly the same standards as men.*G+This Hobson’s choice(无选择余地)is imposing a high cost on both individuals and society.Many women reject motherhood entirely for their career.Some choose not to work at all, representing a loss to collective investment in talent.But a choice must be made.A study of graduates of the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business by Marianne Bertrand and her colleagues found that, ten to 16 years after graduating, just over half of those who had chosen to have children were working full time.About a quarter were working part time and just under a quarter had left the labour force.It also leaves many former high flyers frustrated.[H]Even well off parents worry that they spend too little time with their children, thanks to crowded schedules and the ever buzzing BlackBerry.For poorer parents, juggling(试图保持平衡)the twin demands of work and child rearing can be a nightmare.Child care eats a terrifying proportion of the family budget, and many childminders are untrained.But quitting work to look after the children can mean financial disaster.British children brought up in two parent families where only one parent works are almost three times more likely to be poor than children with two parents at work.[I]The corporate world is doing ever more to address the loss of female talent and the difficulty of combining work with child care.Many elite companies are rethinking their promotion practices.Addleshaw Goddard, a law firm, has created the role of legal director as an alternative to partnerships for women who want to combine work and motherhood.Ernst & Yong and other accounting firms have increased their efforts to maintain connections with women who take time off to have children and then ease them back into work.[J]Home working is increasingly fashionable.More than 90% of companies in Germany and Sweden allow flexible working.A growing number of firms are learning to divide the working week in new ways—judging staff on annual rather than weekly hours, allowing them to work nine days a fortnight, letting them come in early or late and allowing husbands and wives to share jobs.Almost half of Sun Microsystem’s employees work at home or from nearby satellite offices.[K]Faster change is likely as women exploit their economic power.Many talented women are already hopping(离开)off the corporate treadmill to form companies that better meet their needs.In the past decade the number of privately owned companies started by women in America has increased twice as fast as the number owned by men.Women owned companies employ more people than the largest 500 companies combined.Eden McCallum and Axiom Legal have applied a network model to their respective fields of management consultancy and legal service: network members work when it suits them and the companies use their scale to make sure that clients have their problems dealt with immediately.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46.A number of women give up motherhood completely for their career.47.The biggest obstacle for many women to climb on the top of their career is their responsibility of looking after children.48.The corporate world is making more effort to address the difficulty of combining work with child care.49.Women are encouraged to pursue professional goals, but their desire to reach the upper ranks is hard to meet.50.The job prospects for women have been raised thanks to the progress of technology.51.The economic empowerment of women across the rich world is considered remarkable partly in that it brings economic independence to millions of women.52.Many talented women start their own companies to better meet their requirements.53.The economic empowerment of women across the rich world gets little visible celebration.54.Working at home is becoming more and more popular.55.It is even harder for the poor parents to balance work and childrearing.Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Perhaps no single monument in the USA is as famous as the Statue of Liberty.Standing on a small island in New York Harbor, the crowned lady, holding aloft in her right hand the torch of freedom and in her left hand a tablet which is inscribed “July 4th, 1776”, is a symbol of American democracy.She is colossal.She is 151 ft.high and the pedestal on which she stands is almost as much.An elevator takes visitors to the top of the pedestal, around which a balcony runs.A spiral staircase(楼梯间)goes up to the crown, and another to the torch.The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the USA from France in 1886, as a mark of friendship and also in memory of the aid France gave the Americans during the American Revolution.For millions of immigrants, the Statue was their first sight of the promised land, and for a few it was also the last, as they sailed back home again.About a mile from Liberty Island, there is another small island, called Ellis Island, which was looked upon with dread by the immigrants.For it was here that they had to wait their turn to be examined by doctors and officials.Most of the immigrants could not speak a word of English.But only two out of 100 immigrants were refused admission to New York City.Often the person refused turned out to be a grandmother or a weary, frightened girl mistakenly labeled “feebleminded”（低能的）.Sometimes husbands and wives were parted because one of them happened to have a bad cough and was suspected of having tuberculosis（结核病）.New York City was a bitter disillusionment（幻想破灭）to some immigrants.Far from being a city paved with gold, it was a city teeming with overcrowded, unhealthy and unsafe ghettos.The immigrants looked for earlier immigrants of their own nationality or religion.So Italian, Polish, Irish, Jewish neighborhoods grew up.Because they could not speak English, the newcomers found it difficult to get work at once, and their living quarters were of ten slums.However, they found in the USA opportunities of bettering themselves.Today immigrants no longer have to endure the indignities of Ellis Island.The grim buildings were closed down in 1924.In 1976, Ellis Island became an historic monument.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56.Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A)Statue of Liberty.B)Gateway to the USA.C)Ellis Island.D)Immigrants of the USA.57.What is the possible meaning of the word “colossal”? A)miniature.B)colorful.C)enormous.D)beautiful.58.Why did immigrants looked upon Ellis Island with dread? A)Because they might be denied admission to the USA.B)Because they could not speak a word of English.C)Because husbands and wives might be recognized.D)Because they were suspected.59.What is implied in paragraph 4? A)New York City was paved with gold.B)Immigrants of the same nationality or religion lived in the same buildings.C)Immigrants lived everywhere.D)Some immigrants were disappointed at New York City.60.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A)The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France.B)The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American freedom and individualism.C)The Statue of Liberty is the monument in the USA.D)The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy.Passage Two Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Negotiations between the United States and Canada over air pollution may put the American government at odds with another ally.The Canadians are quietly but firmly preparing to take up an opponent role in protecting their air quality.They want to press American to join with Canada in limiting sulfur（硫）and nitrogen（氮）emissions, which contribute to acid rain.US officials have resisted, saying that the scientific data are too weak to justify the enforcement of tough new air pollution controls.Much work has been done already at the technical level.Several groups of US and Canadian scientists agreed on and published seconddraft documents before the June diplomatic meeting.The third, that is, the final draft was nearly completed this year when, according to the Canadian side, the American government replaced some technical members with new experts who disagreed with the wording.Now, eight months after the final documents were due, most of the disagreements have been smoothed over.However, one critical group, the committee reporting on the impacts of acid rain, still has not come to an agreement.The problem is that the Canadians would like to specify a maximum tolerable “loading” of pollutant in the atmosphere.The US delegates argue that there is no scientific basis for setting limits, despite the fact that earlier drafts did just that.The group plans one last meeting in September to try to resolve differences, but a compromise may not be achievable.There are signs that the Canadians will adopt their scientific text as the nexttothefinal draft, the one agreed by both sides before the new American team arrived.That paper specified a yearly loading target of 11 kilograms of wet sulfate（硫酸盐）per hectare（公顷）of surface water, equivalent to 50 to 80 percent or so of present emission, according to one recent estimate.Apart from this, the Canadians have said in diplomatic meetings that they would like a “significant” reduction of sulfur dioxide(SO2)emissions—something like a 50 percent reduction.The US delegates label this “premature”.Although the Canadians clearly would be satisfied with a less goal, either side has suggested none.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61.The differences between the Americans and the Canadians lie in.A)the deadline of the negotiations B)the limit of pollutant emission C)the date to implement the agreement D)the share that each side should take in solving the problem

62.The passage implies that.A)the Canadians would be willing to compromise B)the Americans would be willing to compromise C)neither the Canadians nor the Americans would be willing to compromise D)the negotiations made no progress

63.The Canadians would like to use the draft as their negotiation basis.A)first

B)second

C)third

D)final

64.The present yearly emission of wet sulfate per hectare of surface water is about.A)11 kilograms

B)22 kilograms

C)14 to 22 kilograms

D)14 kilograms

65.Which of the following would be best used for the title of the passage? A)Compromises Have to Be Made to Reach an Agreement.B)Negotiations over Air Pollution.C)The Americans Tough Stand in Negotiations.D)Air Pollution Clouds US Canadian Relations.Part ⅣTranslation(30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.京剧起源于200年前清朝时期的北京，是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和武术于一体的表演艺术。自1919年京剧大师梅兰芳先生东渡日本演出后，至今京剧越来越受世界各地人民喜爱。北京京剧院也已经应邀在许多国家演出，得到了外国观众的高度评价。这些表演对中外文化交流和促进世界人民友好来往作出了卓越的贡献。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

第三篇：大学英语四级翻译新题型

1、福建福信一珍生物工程有限公司是由福建省洪山企业集团公司与香港福信投资有限公司合资兴办的高科技企业，注册资本两千万元人民币。公司拥有雄厚的技术力量，大中专学历以上的技术，管理人才占员工总数的百分之三十以上，并与国内多家科研机构建立了紧密型的合作关系。

公司以“唯公有福，唯诚有信”的福信企业精神和“团结，拼搏，务实，创新，奉献”的洪山集团企业精神为动力，锐意进取，蒸蒸日上。

参考答案:

Fujian Fuxin Yizhen Bio-engineering Co.,Ltd is a high-tech joint venture co-founded by Hongshan Group and Hong Kong Fuxin Investment Co.,Ltd,with registered capital up to 20 million RMB.The company is in possession of abundant technical resources,technical and managerial talents above college or polytechnic school account for 30% of its staff.What's more,tightly-knit partnership has been established with a number of domestic scientific research institutions.Treasuring the spirit of honesty of Fuxin and adhering to the spirit of unity,hard work,realism,innovation and sacrifice”of Hongshan,the company is advancing with vigor and enthusiasm and will become more and more prosperous.2、科学和自然界中一切存在的事物和发生的现象的特点和过程有关。科学包括整个自然界，它精辟地阐述了人类关于各种自然现象是如何彼此联系并如何构成我们所说的宇宙的种种概念的。

科学有许多特性，要了解科学是什么，就得详细地考察一下这些性能和特点。有一些作者断言说科学实际上只是一种方法—科学的方法。这样的定义是过于简单化了。但是科学方法在决定科学知识的性质方面肯定起着重要的作用。

参考答案:

Science is related to all the existing things and the characteristics and process of the phenomena happening in nature.Science contains the wholenature,which develpos various penetrating viewsabout human being's conceptions that how variousnatural phenomena are related together and how they constitute our so-called universe.Science has many characteristics.We have to inspect those functions and characteristics indetail if we want to know what the science is.Some authors assert that science in fact is a kindof method-scientific method.This definition is over simplified.But obviously the scientificmethod plays an important role in deciding the nature of the scientific knowledge.3、其实我一点儿不排斥电脑，也享受着它的种种方便快捷，但每当我要给最亲近的人写信时还是喜欢用笔，因为我坚信字是有生命的，有情感的，在书写的同时，我生命的一部分也随之带走了，而打字则像是请人代笔，隔着一层什么，就像打电话时尽管你能清楚地听到对方的呼吸，可有些话就是怎么也说不出来，最后还是得借助笔纸，就是这么神奇，形式的不同、工具的不同，影响到内容的不同。

参考译文：

Actually I do not reject the computer at all and alsoenjoy its every kind of convenience.But every timewhen I want to write to my closet people,I would liketo use a pen.Because I firmly believe that charactershave their life and emotion.When writing,one part ofmy life is taking away with it.But typing is like hiring people to write for you.It is separated bysomething just like although you can clearly hear the breath of the addressee,some words youjust can't say them out at all.At last you have to write with the help of pen and paper.It is somagic that different formats and different tools will influence the difference of context.4、杭州是中国著名的六大古都之一，已有两千多年的历史。这个城市不仅以自然美闻名于世，而且有着传统的文化魅力。不仅有历代文人墨客的题咏，而且有美味佳肴和漂亮的工艺品。一般来说，游览杭州西湖及其周边景点花上两天较为合适。到杭州旅游，既令人愉快，又能得到文化享受。

参考译文：

Hangzhou,one of China's six ancient capital cities, has a history of more than 2,000 years.It is famous not only for its natural beauty but also for its charm of cultural traditions.Besides many poems and inscriptions by men of letters through the dynasties,it also boasts local delicacies and pretty handicrafts.Generally speaking,a two-day tour of West Lake and scenic spots around it is advisable for a tourist.As a tourist, you will find it a pleasant and culturally rewarding trip to Hangzhou.5、林小枫本科毕业，她丈夫宋建平硕士毕业。就是说，都具有着成为知本家的基本要素。但不知为什么，他们的进步水准，永远比时下的高水准要慢着两拍。就那么两拍，不会更多，但似乎永远也难以赶上。那状况很像网上所调侃的：到他们可以吃猪肉的时候，人家开始吃生猛海鲜;到他们可以吃生猛海鲜的时候，人家开始吃糠咽菜。要是他们压根儿就没有可能成为那优秀一群中的一员，倒也罢了，像街边的清洁工、像乡下的老农民，他们肯定会安之若素心如止水;但当他们“有”而“不能”时，就不能不感到痛苦。

参考答案：

Lin Xiaofeng graduated form college and her husband Song Jianping graduated with a Master's degree.That is to say,they both have fundamental elements of becoming intellectuals.But we don't know why their progress level would always fall behind the present high level by several steps.It is just several steps,no more,but it seems that they never would catch up.That situation is very much alike something ridiculed online:when they can have the pork meat,everybody starts to eat the sea food;when they can enjoy the sea food,everybody starts to have the simple vegetables.It was OK that they have no chance to be parts of that excellent group,just like the cleaning people on the street,the old farmers in the countryside,who would definitely bear it with equanimity;but when they have the ability while they can't,they can not stop feeling pains.6、徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究的地理的记载有许多不是很可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚。During his life time,Xu Xiake had visited sixteen provinces,leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of our country.He neither used books as the single guide for his travel,nor did he accept conclusions given by books without thinking.As a result,he finally discovered considerable inaccuracies occurring in the geographical notes written by predecessors.In order to get a detailed and truthful picture of the places he visited,he rarely traveled by cart or boat,but almost all on foot.7、无论如何，创造财富的物质资源，不论其初始分配如何，最终是要通过各种各样的渠道，流入到具有企业家精神的人手里，这是自由市场的一个基本趋势。这些人获得对他人的财富的支配权、使用权，以之为自己创造财富，并积累财富。这正是自由市场具有效率的根源。它可以动态地、自发地把资源从资源利用效率较低的人手里转移到资源利用效率较高的人手里。中国人讲“富不过三代”，其中有一些无奈，但也揭示了自由市场的精髓所在：财富本身并不能充当财富的保障。因为，财富本来就不是财富创造出来的。However,no matter how they are allocated in thefirset place,the material resources which can createfortune will flow into entrepreneurs'handseventually through various channels.It is the basictendency of free market.Those people acquire theright of disposal and the right of use of other people's wealth to create and accumulatewealth for them.This is the very source of efficiency of free market.It can dynamically andspontaneously transfers the resources from the people who are inefficient in resourses useto the people who are efficient in resources use.There is a Chinese saying that “the rich cannot last three generations”.It has no alternative but also reveals some pith and marrow of thefree market:the fortune itself can not be be guraantee of the fortune,because the fortune isnot created by fortune.8、1936年竺可桢授命出任浙江大学校长。在此之前，他已经是一位声名卓著的自然科学家了。从1936年到1949年，竺可桢当了十三年大学校长。在连绵不断的战争、学运的夹缝中，在极为恶劣的环境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、历经五省、颠沛流离，居然将这所他接手时只有三个学院、十六个系的大学办成了拥有七个学院、二十七个学系全国最完整的两所大学之一。In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principalof Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had beena famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,ZhuKezhen worked as the university principal for 13years.In the extremely hostile environment filledwith converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless andmiserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with theuniversity location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.9、中国公司想创造世界品牌，外国公司想增加在中国的销量，这些都正改变着中国的设计产业。中国制造商意识到，若他们想在本国市场脱颖而出，在外国市场崭露头角，就必须设计更好的产品。索尼这样的外国公司也开始明白，从前海外公司常把随便什么地方设计的产品拿到中国来卖，而现在，中国消费者变得更加挑剔，他们不再那样容易满足了。Chinese companies want to create world brands andthe foreign companies want to increase the selling inChina which all change the Chinese designindustry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that theyhave to design better products if they want tostand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreignmarkets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed insomewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realizethat the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to besatisfied.10、对于一名女子来说，传统美是她的唯一标志。她的皮肤应该天生丽质，没有皱纹，没有疤痕，没有瑕疵。她的身材应该消瘦苗条，通常高挑个，双腿修长，其中青春年少则是首要条件。所有在电视广告中出现的“花容月貌”的靓女都符合这个标准。这种形象是认为的，是可以人工塑造的。许多妇女尽其所能来摆布和修改自己的容貌体态。To a woman,the traditional beauty is her onlymark.Her skin should be born smooth withoutwrinkles,scars or flaws.Her body should be slim andthin,and usually she is tall,having long legs.Theyouth is the primary condition.All of the beautieswho have showed up in the TV commercials are fit for that criterion.This image is artificial andcan be made by people.Many women do their best to decorate and modify their looks andfigures.11、在中国，人们对一切艺术的艺术，即生活的艺术，懂得很多。一个较为年轻的文明国家可能会致力于进步;然而一个古老的文明国度，自然在人生的历程上见多识广，她所感兴趣的自然是如何过好生活。就中国而言，由于有了中国的人文主义精神，把人当作一切事物的中心，把人类幸福当做知识的终结，于是，强调生活的艺术就是更为自然的事情了。但即使没有人文主义，一个古老的文明也一定会有一个不同的价值尺度，只有这样，它才会知道什么是“持久的生活乐趣”。任何一个民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我们的眼里，这个民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。In China,people know a lot about the art of allarts,namely,the art of life.A comparatively youngcountry will dedicate to the progress;however,anancient civilized country is experienced andknowledgeable in the life road,and naturally she isinterested in how to lead a good life.As to China,it is much more natural to emphasize the artof life because of the humanism spirit of China,taking people as the center of everything andmaking human being's happiness as the end of knowledge.Even if there is no humanism,anancient civilization would also have its own value standard,and only in this way would it knowwhat the “lasting life pleasure”is.Any nation,if it does not know how to enjoy life,must bebarbaric and uncivilized in our eyes./

12、过去的七年，中国的房地产(real estate)业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。

参考翻译：

In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed.For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city,the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc.Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities.13、如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学生把在校的大多数时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次，大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一些兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience./ 14、2008年11月9日，中国政府出台了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的十项措施，预计在未来两年时间内投资4万亿人民币。中国政府在例行的中央经济工作会议召开之前突然宣布该方案，既显示了中国政府抗击金融危机、防范经济增长下滑的信心，也反映了中国政府对国内经济增长前景的预期明显恶化。该方案刚一出台便引发世界范围内高度关注，并直接推动全球股市上涨。然而，由于中国政府并未在第一时间详细披露该方案实施细则，近日来围绕该方案的猜测与争议绵延不绝。On 9 November, 2008, Chinese government has put forth ten Measurements to further drive up domestic demands and promote economic growth.An investment of RMB 4 trillion is expectedto be earmarked in the following two years.Thegovernment's unexpected announcement of this incentive package prior to the routinecentral government economic meeting asuggests not only the government's confidence infighting against the global financial crisis and preventing the economic downturn,but also itsprudence in estimating the domestic growth in economy.Right after its announcement,thispackage drew the eyes worldwide,and spurred the global stock markets.However,lastingdoubts and disputes haver risen recently,as the government failed to disclose the relevantdetails at the first time.15、2008年11月9日，中国政府出台了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的十项措施，预计在未来两年时间内投资4万亿人民币。中国政府在例行的中央经济工作会议召开之前突然宣布该方案，既显示了中国政府抗击金融危机、防范经济增长下滑的信心，也反映了中国政府对国内经济增长前景的预期明显恶化。该方案刚一出台便引发世界范围内高度关注，并直接推动全球股市上涨。然而，由于中国政府并未在第一时间详细披露该方案实施细则，近日来围绕该方案的猜测与争议绵延不绝。On 9 November, 2008, Chinese government has put forth ten Measurements to further drive up domestic demands and promote economic growth.An investment of RMB 4 trillion is expectedto be earmarked in the following two years.Thegovernment's unexpected announcement of this incentive package prior to the routinecentral government economic meeting asuggests not only the government's confidence infighting against the global financial crisis and preventing the economic downturn,but also itsprudence in estimating the domestic growth in economy.Right after its announcement,thispackage drew the eyes worldwide,and spurred the global stock markets.However,lastingdoubts and disputes haver risen recently,as the government failed to disclose the relevantdetails at the first time./

16、这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母，并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社报导了1条新闻，来自江苏市无锡市的一位77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第一起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。

参考译文： A new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently” and make sure their financial and spiritual needs are met.On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting her.In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support.But the law’s introduction has proved controversial.Some say it puts too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, study or other opportunities.17、截至2005年第三季度，全国劳动力市场供求状况显示，我国15岁至29岁的青年总体失业率达到了9%，远远高于4.5%的城镇平均登记失业率。而在此之中，选择主动失业的占到了一半以上。

“主动放弃就业机会的原因很多，但这些人都有一个共性，就是不会因为经济原因饿死。至少在短时间内。”复旦大学教授葛剑雄认为，社会发展到现在，一些青年人的确具备了可以失业的条件。他们不用像上班族那样刻板地工作，可是相比之下他们的生活却格外“富足”。Update to the third quarter of 2005,the supply anddemand of the whole nation's labor force marketindicated that the overall unemployment rate ofour country's youth from the age of 15 to 29 was upto 9%,which was much higher than 4.5% of theaverage rural area register unemployment rate.Among this group,the number of peopleactively choosing to be unemployed was more than a half.“There are many reasons to give up the chance of employment,but those people have acommon feature that they do not starve for economic reasons at least in a short period.”Theprofessor Ge Jianxiong of Fudan University thought that some young people indeed had theconditions to be unemployed as the society develops to nowadays.They do not need to workroutinely like the office workers,but comparatively their life was extremely “well-off”./

18、湖泊奇妙无比。苍鹭(Heron)在岸边缓缓地迈着步子，翠鸟(Kingfisher)和杜鹃换脚着从阳光里飞入树荫，火鸡模样的大鸟在枯枝间忙碌，鹰在头上盘旋。我们毋庸为时间担忧，可以从容地欣赏周围的一切。我乘坐的独木舟船头坐着个男孩，他用简陋的弹弓(sling)发射石弹击打飞鸟。他摆出漂亮的架势瞄准飞鸟，却一次又一次地偏离目标：鸟总是飞出他的射程。他把弹弓塞回进衬衣内。我移开目光。

湖水与河水都如热带雨林中的树叶那样乳浊：那水是面纱，是窗帘，是画屏。This lake was amazing and wonderful.Herons ploddedalong the shores,Kingfishers and cuckoos clatteredfrom sunlight to shade,great turkeylike birds fussedin dead branches,and hawks hovered above us.Therewas all the time in the world.And we couldappreciate everything surrounding by leisurely.The boy in the bow of my canoe slappedstones at birds with a simple sling,a rubber thong and leather pad.He aimed brilliantly atmoving targets,missed again and again;the birds were out of his range.He stuffed his slingback in his shirt.Then I looked away.The lake and river waters were as opaque as rainforest leaves;the water was veil,blind,paintedscreen.19、岁月悠悠，沧桑巨变。历史是最生动的教材。法西斯发动的侵略战争给人类带来了浩劫，也教育了世界人民。世界人民赢得了战争的胜利，赢得了和平与进步。半个世纪过去了，痛苦的回忆，胜利的喜悦，深深的思考，使人们更加清醒。历史证明，和平来之不易。世界大战的悲剧绝不能重演。必须经常保持高度警惕，不断发展和壮大和平力量，遏制和消除导致战争的一切因素。历史表明，人民终究是自己命运的主人，是社会前进的推动者。凡是正义的和进步的事业必然要胜利，这是任何力量也扼杀不了和阻挡不住的。As time moves on everything changes in the world.History is indeedthe most vivid textbook.War ofaggression launched by fascists hasbroughtscourges to mankind but also enlightenedpeople throughout the world.People have not onlywon the war but also achieved peace and progress.Halfa century later the painful memories joy of victory and soul-searchingpondering have madepeople more sober-minded.History has demonstrated that peace has not come about easily.Thetragedy of a world war shall never be allowed to repeat itself.One mustalways maintainsharp vigilance develop and strengthen forces for peace andcheck and eliminate all factorsleading to war.History has demonstrated that people are in the end masters of theirdestiny andpowerful forces promoting social progress.Anything that is justand progressive is bound towin and cannot be smothered or stopped by anyforce.

第四篇：大学英语四级议论文题型及.

问题解决型议论文 *写作模式： 1.提出问题现象 2.分析问题产生的原因 3.提出解决方法或期望 *常用句型 问题陈述部分

1.Nowadays, … has become a serious problem we have to face.2.With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem of…

3.Recently, the problem of … has aroused/captured/drawn/caught worldwide attention.4.Nowadays more and more people come to realize the importance of …

5.It is undeniable/There is no denying the fact that… has become the utmost concern among people nowadays.原因分析部分

1.The reasons can be listed as follows.For one thing… For another… 2.It is no easy job to find out the reasons for the problem, which involves several different factors.On the one hand… On the other hand… Finally…

3.There are a variety of reasons for this phenomenon.One important reason is… What’s more… To make things worse,…

问题解决部分

1.People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.Firstly… Secondly… Finally…

It is high time that we figured out ways to deal with the problem.Here are a few examples of some of the measures that might be taken immediately.There is no easy approach to this issue, but …might be of some help.No effective solution is at hand to tackle the problem, but the general awareness of importance of … must be enhanced at first.表达期望部分

We do not have a perfect solution at present, but as long as we do it with our brains and hands, we will resolve the problem eventually.As this problem is very complicated, people can hardly rely on one way to solve it completely.I am confident/positive/sure that a perfect solution will be found in future.I am looking forward to a day when people can live together in more harmony 范文

How to Eliminate Cheating on Campus 1.当前校园中存在许多作弊现象 2.解决这一问题的办法是……

Nowadays.instead of listening attentively in class and working hard after class, a number of students adopt all kinds of dishonest methods to get high scores in examinations.It has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society.To put an end to such a serious problem, in my opinion, it calls for the efforts from all sides.First of all, the university authority should make it clear that any cheating behaviors in the examinations, such as whispering and copying, receiving answers via mobile phones to asking others for help, will be severely punished with no exception.Moreover, teachers of all subjects should go all the way to restore honesty by setting an example for the youth through speaking sincerely and behaving truthfully.Last but not least, young students, the future of our nation, should view integrity诚实 as the prerequisite先决条件 to an upright诚实的and responsible citizen so as to learn to fight dishonest behaviors throughout the society.Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating消除 cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.对立观点型：结构图 引出话题 /

一种观点认为…… 另一种观点认为…… ↓

我的观点（结论）

(一点明文章主题的常用句式

When it come to ``````, opinions vary from person to person.当谈到```````时,不同的人对此有不同的看法.Different people have different views/perspectives/opinions on``````` 不同的人对``````有不同的看法.5.There is an argument/much disagreement/no consensus(n.同感 of opinions among people concerning/over/as to /on`````` 关于``````,人们的看法不尽相同.6.The issue of whether…..or not has been widely/hotly argued/debated.关于是否要``````的话题,如今正在被广论/热烈地讨论.(二具体介绍两种对立式观点的常用句式

Some people suggest/maintain/hold the opinion that ``````But/However/While/Nevertheless/Yet/other people hold a different point of view`````` 有些人认为``````,但是另外一些人却持有不同的观点.Some people are inclined to think that…On the contrary/In contrast, there are still many people who won’t agree, and they claim…

一些人往往认为``````,但是仍然有些人对此表示异议,他们认为`````` When it comes to …some people think/believe that… while others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.当谈及``````的时候,有些人认为``````,但是其他人却站在相反意见的一边.Those who criticize/oppose to/object to…argue that…But people who advocate/favor…,on the other hand, maintain/assert that…l 那些批评/反对``````的人认为``````,但是赞成``````的人认为``````(三陈述个人观点

1.As far as I am concerned/For my part, I would like to agree to the former.就我而言,我赞同前一种观点.2.As to me , I agree to the latter opinion to certain extent.就我而言,我比较同意后一种观点.3.I’m in favor of……/I’m on the side of …… 我赞成`````` 4.In my opinion, both sides are partly right when we……we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.我认为双方都有一定的道理.当我们``````我们应该全面考虑问题,然后做出正确的决定

参考文章:

1.有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。

2.也有些人认为数字与运气无关。

3.试说明你的看法。

①When asked about lucky numbers, different people will offer different opinions.Some people think that ② lucky numbers can bring good luck.They hold this view because ③they believe lucky numbers will help them fulfill their wishes-to be rich or successful.④However, there are still many people who won't agree.They argue that ⑤ such kind of idea is only ignorant无知的 and superstitious迷信的 belief.Besides, ⑥they think numbers are just numbers and each number is equal in its importance.⑦Personally, I am on the side of the latter后者 argument.For one thing, ⑧ numbers, including lucky numbers, are just a tool for counting, They don't have magic power.For another, ⑨whether we will have good luck or not depends on ourselves instead of lucky numbers, If we work hard and make good preparations, good luck will come to us.⑩Therefore, lucky numbers don't bring good luck.It is our hard work and good preparations that bring us good luck.说明利弊型 描述某一现象 分析其优点 分析其缺点 我的态度和看法 说明事物优点的常用句型

…’

…’说明缺点的常用句型



…说明事物利大于弊的常用句型



…范文

The Two-day Weekend

1.双休日给大学生带来的好处。

2.双休日可能给大学生带来的问题。

3.我应当怎样过好双休日。

The two-day weekend

The advance of science and technology makes people have more free time.Nowadays, we have two-day weekend.The weekend can bring benefits to college students because they can have much more leisure time.Sports fans can play in the playground.Some students who are interested in social work can join many clubs.Of course, we also can get a part time job to gain some work experience.On the contrary, the two-day weekend also arouses problems.There is a growing concern over the students who don't put too much attention to their study.For example, some students always idle away their time, playing cards, drinking, gambling.These problems are really serious.Taking into account all these factors, we can safely come to the conclusion that the students will waste more time if they don't make good use of it.As a student, busy as I am with my study, I also do many interesting things such as reading novels, writing articles at the two-day weekends.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.It is really true.阐述主题型

阐明观点或提出问题 摆出事实和理由加以论述 得出结论

引出格言，谚语的常用句型

 



举例说明的常用句型

/For example

事实证明的常用句式



indicate/reveal/show/prove that



结论性结尾常用句型

have been discussed above ,we may reach /draw the conclusion that

sum up /On the whole, it is important that

favor of the former/ the latter.范文

一、Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way 1.怎样理解“有志者事竟成” 2.例如。。3.结论

Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way There is an old saying that “Where there is a will, there is a way”, which means as long as a person possess a strong will he will certainly accomplish a task no matter how difficult it is.In other words, one of the most important things to achieve success is a firm resolution.This is the case in all walks of life(各行各业.For example, Karl Marx spent five years on his greatest work Das Kapital.（资本论）Cao Xueqin spent ten years on his world famous book Dreams of Red Chamber.Without a strong will and firm determination they couldn’t have fulfilled such brilliant works.However, some people don’t have the fearless spirit.Whenever they meet difficulty they draw back from it.As a result, they never accomplish anything.Therefore, if we wish to succeed, we must first have a resolution and remember the saying “ Where there is a will, there is a way.”  词的替代

People/person→individual, characters, folks good →perfect, excellent, outstanding

many →an army of, an ocean of, a sea of ,a multitude（大批的）of some →quiet a few ,several

think /in my opinion→take the attitude that, harbor(怀有the idea that, hold the view that, it’s widely shared that, for my part, from my own perspective(观点 thing →affair, business, matter aspect →facet, sphere

fear→ Be fearful of(adj.→n.For example → to name only a few, take…as an exampleremember → bear in mind that

第五篇：浅析大学英语新四级题型及应对方略

浅析大学英语新四级题型及应对方略

大学英语四级考试新题型（简称新四级题型）由六部分组成：写作、快速阅读理解、听力、仔细阅读理解、完型填空和翻译。与旧四级相比，新四级具有以下特点：

1、听力比重增加。（由原来的20分增加到35分）

2、阅读部分考察方式多样化，由一种题型增加到了四种题型。

3、综合部分题型灵活，难度增加。

综合部分为完型填空或改错、汉译英或SAQ(short answer question)，分数占全卷的15%。此部分是新四级中比较有新意的一部分。其特点是题型选择多样，并有一定比例的主观题。新四级中取消了老四级中考察语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分，取而代之的是更加灵活的考察方式。这就要求考生不仅要能了解单词和基本句法，更应具备灵活应用所学知识的能力。

4、题目次序调整。这个考试流程是这样的：考试开始后，首先会发答题卡一，然后发作文题目和快速阅读。首先规定你必须在30分钟之内把这个作文写完，写完作文以后，开始做快速阅读部分。快速阅读部分要求是在15分钟之内必须完成。考试进行到第45分钟的时候，监考老师就会把答题卡一收上去（所以你在后面想改作文或者是快速阅读的答案已经不可能了），同时发答题卡二和试题的第二部分。试题二包含听力，仔细阅读理解，完型填空和翻译。考试总时间是125分钟。时间要求比较长的是听力，总共是35分钟。时间要求最短的是翻译部分，5分钟就要完成。下面我就各个部分的改革方向、解题策略和准备方法谈谈我的看法：

写 作

四级写作确实令很多同学感到头痛，其实从严格意义上来讲，四级写作对于考生写作能力的要求并不是太高。四级改革后，作文是唯一不会也不可能改动的部分。但是作文出题有一个趋势———越来越朝向与日常生活接近的方向发展。考试的形式越来越实用化，考应用文，记叙描写文和图表作文的可能性非常大。申请书，道歉信，工作申请，邀请函，演讲稿等等都有可能成为四级写作的题目要求。

对于调整以后的四级写作部分，到底我们应该怎么应对呢？

原来的写作是在考试最后才考。这次改革以后，写作是放在第一部分考，给的时间也是30分钟。应该怎么去用这30分钟才是合理的呢？我们发现很多考生在25分钟左右的时间，甚至更短的时间，就可以把一篇文章写完了。因为第二部分紧跟着就是快速阅读，如果你有足够的时间留出来做快速阅读的话，正确率就会提高。因此我建议，尽可能把写作时间压缩到25分钟左右，将为你后面的快速阅读带来一些帮助。那么，如何分配这25分钟呢？首先你一定要用三分钟左右的时间思考作文题目（即审题）和写简要提纲，绝对不能跑题。跑题以后是不可能得高分的。接下来用20分钟左右的时间写完文章，最后留两分钟的时间检查一下。一定要注意检查。检查最好的方法是通读一下，按照你的语感检查哪个地方有问题。特别是要注意检查我们中国学生很容易犯一些中国式英语的表达方式和单复数及时态的一些错误。

对大家来说，写作最大的问题是：练得太少。那么平时怎样练呢？如果你觉得自己写一篇文章太难的话，你可以写一个段落，即四句到五句话组成的一个英语段落。如果你觉得，写一个段落都比较困难的话，你可以先写一个句子，把一个句子写好了，再写段落，最后上升到写文章，就简单多了。

阅读理解

新四级阅读加大了对考生阅读能力和阅读速度的考察力度，每篇文章的平均阅读量增大了，而且题型多样化了，由一种题型发展到四种题型。这四种题型分别是判断正误、补充句子、选词填空和四选一的选择题。

新四级阅读分成两大板块。一个是试卷第二部分———快速阅读理解。一个是试卷第四部分———仔细阅读理解。

快速阅读理解测试的重点是考察考生在短时间内获取篇章主旨和特定信息的能力。它的具体的形式是这

样的：要求在15分钟时间内阅读完大约1200个单词左右的阅读材料，然后要做十个题。这十个题目的前七个题是判断“对”，“错”，还是“未提及”。这是四级考试很难的一个题。因为我们以往在阅读理解中喜欢认为没有提到的即是错的，其实“未提及”和“错误”是两个概念“错误”是指和原文的内容完全矛盾；“未提及”是指原文中没有明确告知，但内容并不与原文矛盾。我举一个简单例子，比如说，在一篇阅读理解的原文中说到这样一句话：德国人喜欢吃汉堡包，然后在后面的选项里有这样一个选项：欧洲人喜欢吃汉堡包。按我们以前的思路，这个选项应该是错误的，因为它扩大了原来概念的范围。在新四级考试中我们应该判断它是“未提及”。因为你从原文信息中，只知道德国人喜欢吃汉堡包，而并没有得到除德国人之外的其他欧洲人是否喜欢吃汉堡包的信息，而且这个说法也和德国人喜欢吃汉堡包也并不矛盾。这种题是需要大家特别关注的问题。

快速阅读还有三道题是根据原文所提供的信息补充句子，这种题目并不难。只要大家找到了所需信息所在的地方，然后把它从原文中搬下来填空就可以了，基本上不需要变动原文信息。

快速阅读，要在短时间内，准确、有效地把后面的题目做对，我建议要先看题，再看文章，有目的的搜索相关信息。在原文中，尤其要注意各自然段的首句和末句，另外原文中的一些转折、比较的词语后面的信息极有可能会成为题目设计的来源。做快速阅读还要注意把握时间。在写作部分我已经提到，可以从写作中挤5分钟左右补充到快速阅读的时间当中来。这样，快速阅读就有二十分钟左右的时间，就相对要充裕得多。

阅读还有第二个版块，即试卷第四部分———仔细阅读理解。仔细语阅读理解又分A、B两个部分。A部分是一篇文章留有有十个空格，文章后面有15个单词，要求大家在里面选10个单词填到文章的空格中去。这个短文难度和长度比一般的文章简短一些，但是后面的单词相对比较难。B部分和老四级的阅读理解的考察方式一样。它里面包括两篇文章，文章的难度、长度，跟近几年老四级的阅读理解大体相同。仔细阅读理解的时间要求是在25分钟内完成。我建议，10分钟完成A部分，20分钟完成B部分。多用的这5分钟我们要从后面的Cloze部分借过来。阅读理解这一部分，总体来讲，它的阅读量是大大增加的，而所有的阅读时间加起来也就40分钟（快速阅读理解15分钟，仔细阅读理解25分钟），这就要求考生的阅读速度要大大提高。

做阅读理解这类题目，可以从以下几个环节着手：

一、阅读题目以预测文章内容

预测是指在阅读正文前，对文章进行预测性的主动思维。应该先读题目，后看文章。同时根据题目和平时的阅读经验设想一下文章可能涉及的内容，以及所使用的词汇类型与范围，乃至文章会涉及到的关键词，这些词汇都是在阅读文章，查询信息过程中的重要提示。

二、略读和寻读巧妙搭配

面对阅读这样一种题型，考生应该巧妙地将略读和寻读两种方法结合起来。而不要机械、孤立地使用某一种阅读方法。

略读（或称为跳跃式阅读）（skimming）的重点在于快速了解文章的中心思想。略读的方法是首先看一下标题（在有标题的情况下），接着读第一自然段，抓住中心思想，再浏览一下其他段落的首句和末句，最后读完结尾段。寻读的重点在于有目标地去找出文中某些特定的信息。寻读时，要以很快的速度扫视文章，确定所查询的信息范围，而与所查信息无关的内容可一掠而过。

三、注意首尾段和首尾句

阅读文章时要特别注意第一自然段和最后一个自然段。通过这两个自然段力求抓住文章的主旨大意。每个段落要注意首尾句提供的信息，因为这两个句子一般是中心句和结论句，通过这两个句子可以了解到一个自然段的段落大意。

四、注意标点符号

破折号、小括号、冒号这些标点符号的出现就是为了更进一步地解释它前面的信息。但快速阅读的时间紧，所以我们一般不阅读这些标点符号后面的内容。如果遇到后面的题目确实需要我们去查询这些标点

符号后面的内容，再去仔细地阅读它也不晚。这样我们才能快速地把握文章内容，提高阅读效率。

五、注意逻辑关系的运用

逻辑关系分布在文章的句子内部、句句之间、以及段落之间。最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种：

（1）因果关系：as a result，therefore，hence，consequently，because, for, due to等等。

（2）并列、递进关系：and, or, then，in addition，besides，in other words，moreover等等。

（3）转折关系：however，but, yet, in fact等等。

这些我们其实已经很熟悉的逻辑提示词在文

章中起的效果，并非仅仅是衔接句子。从阅读的角度来看，它们同时在给我们某种提示，告诉我们哪些句子是有效信息，相对重要的信息，哪些信息是相对不重要的信息。我们在做阅读理解的时候并不是为了完整翻译文章而进行阅读，而是为了获取某些信息而进行阅读。所以我们可以利用逻辑关系简化阅读。例如，表示并列、递进关系的词，意味着它们前后衔接的信息从主旨上没有发生变化，前后句子主旨是一致的，所以我们只选择其中的前一半进行阅读。这样，在保证了阅读质量的基础上，也极大地提高了阅读速度。而表示转折的词后面的内容我们就应该特别注意了，因为它后面的内容往往是题目设计的来源。

六、研读法以辅助

除了在阅读理解中运用略读法和寻读法之外，有时还需要仔细阅读文章的某一特定部分，力求对其有较深的理解，或对其进行归纳、总结、推断等。这时就需要对这部分进行仔细阅读，理解作者的言外之意。这种仔细的阅读方法就是研读法（study reading），通常适用于推断型阅读理解试题。这种方法在阅读中使用并不多，特别是在快速阅读中可能不需要使用，但它对于阅读的解题方法来说绝对是一个有力的补充。

听 力

新四级考试的听力分成三个部分。第一部分是听对话做四选一的选择题（八个短对话，两个长对话）；第二部分是听短文（三篇段文）做四选一的选择题；第三部分是复合式听写。

新四级听力的特点如下：

一、语速加快，篇幅变长。旧四级听力的语速相对较慢，并且篇幅相对较短。在改革之前，据统计最长的文章大概是一分零八秒。但是改革之后，我们发现，第一篇短文的篇幅是在五自然段左右，这样的篇幅的短文在之前是很少见的。短对话句子长度增加，信息量增大。听力短对话部分虽然由原来的10题改为8题，但就其题目特点与解题思路而言与以往的老题型没有太大的差异。

二、语音也发生了变化。在改革之前，美式口音的比重比较大，但是现在英式口音的比重也越来越大。

三、文体变化。复合式听写在最开始的四级考试中，全部是故事类文体。这样的文章，相对来说比较容易听懂。当你向一个人讲故事的时候，你必须用很多口语词汇，而词汇肯定也不会太难。但是在2006年以后，这样故事类文体彻底消失了，变成了说明类文体。因为说明类文体的特点在于，必然采用一些书面词汇，这就增加了试题难度。而且说明类文体没有故事的脉络感，因此很难猜测到接下来会讲什么。

四、词汇难度加大。特别是复合式听写里面会出现很多难词。这样一些词都体现出四级考试逐渐涉及到生活的方方面面。这种词汇变化不仅体现在复合式听写中间，也体现在我们前面的短对话中。以名字为例，在改革之前，像城市的名字，无非是洛杉矶，纽约，东京这样一些名字。改革之后，出现了西雅图（Seattle）这样的名字，这样的名字对我们考生来说并不是非常熟悉。这就表明新四级考试更多的是对大家的应用能力进行考核。

我们可以从以下两个方面来着手准备新四级听力考试：

1、首先历年真题一定不能忽视。因为考试虽然有一些题型调整，但其实它的四种题型中，除了长对话在以前四级考试中没有出现过之外，其他题型全部是以前考过的，而且考过很多次，所以首先要以真题

为练习材料。

2、要多听。可以每天听一下中国国际广播电台，还可以听一下VOA,BBC的特别版，熟悉一些原汁原味的发音。还要多看一些报纸。《中国日报》、《人民日报》和中国国际广播电台他们的信息是共享的。同时中国国际广播电台的网站上也能找到相应的文字材料。在听的时候，一定要避免听了很久却什么都没听懂的现象。不需要听太多，每天听半个小时，但一定要倾听。在听的同时要记录一些关键词，训练自己快速反应，快速记录，以及长时间集中精力的能力。

完形填空

“完形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”，也即理解篇章和运用词汇和语法的能力。大学英语四级考试采用的完形填空题是：“在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200-250词)内留有20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的内容和结构恢复完整”，要求考生在15分钟内填完这20个空。

完形填空部分的解题方法我们可以把它分成以下几个步骤：

1、通读原文，了解大意

2、重视首句，把握开篇

3、细读文章、初选答案

4、回头补缺、核实答案

注意：在做题时，如果有的难题一时做不出来，应立刻跳过此题，继续往下做，不要在某一题上花费大量的时间。随着空格变得越来越少，对文章的理解也会越来越轻松，有时就能从下文的线索和暗示中找到答案，这样再回过头来填上答案，也未为晚矣。题目填完后(除个别难度较大的题目外)，考生应利用一到两分钟将答案带入原文通读，通读的目的是通过“语感”来核实答案。这样读下来，不仅可以改正填错的词，而且还可以在这一过程中得到启发，把做不上来的题目填出来。上面讲到做仔细阅读理解部分的时候，我建议大家从完形填空里面借5分钟。所以做完形填空部分的时间就只有10分钟了，大家要注意把握时间。

翻 译

新四级考试的最后一个部分是翻译，要求5分钟处理5个句子。新四级试卷上的翻译部分名为翻译，实为补全句子，考查语法结构和词组运用知识。每句只涉及15个左右的单词，需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词。其中隐含着四级水平考生应当掌握的句型、语法、词组知识点，所以其实这一部分并不难。这部分只考查汉译英，没有英译汉。大学英语综合教程中，每课都有汉译英练习，因此，翻译应该是大家非常熟悉的题型。翻译部分内容单纯，不需要专业理论知识。题目内容没有高难度的新闻翻译、文学翻译等等，只是一般的短句翻译。

附：2006-06-24全真题翻译部分：

87.Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ________________(找到去历史博物馆的路).88.______________________(为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.89.The professor required that__________________(我们交研究报告)by Wednes-day.90.The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).91.Though a skilled worker, _______________(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.翻译部分大家需要注意的是：

1、正确的拼写和语法。

2、字迹工整。

3、做完题目要把你翻译的部分带入全句，通过读的方法来检查是否有语法错误。

整体而言，经过改革以后的四六级考试能够更加有效地考查同学们的英语实际应用能力，更加强调考生对于英语的应用能力。你的实际英语水平是什么样子，这个考试能够更加客观公正地反映出来。新四级

考试虽然取消了词汇和语法的单项选择这种题型，但是并不等于对考生的词汇和语法知识不作要求。对词汇和语法的考察是贯穿于所有的新四级题型当中，只不过考察方式更加灵活而已。有的同学英语基础知识比较薄弱并且只会做四选一的D选择题。那么经过这次改革，这样的同学必然需要重视一些英语的基本能力的培养和提高。

虽然考试的题型发生了一些变化，但实质是没有变的，对英语能力的考察也是没有变的。只要大家认真准备，平常多积累，同时多研究一些新的样题，一定会在四级考试中取得好成绩！第 134 期 外语教学参考网络版：西南石油大学现代教育技术中心