第一篇:高二英语下学期期末考试题及答案解析 A3试卷版 可直接打印
外研版高中英语高二年级下学期期末考试
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Jack left ________ message for me, saying he was in ________ trouble.A.a;theB.a;/C./;/D.the;a
2.She likes walking best because there is ________ like walking as a means of keeping fit.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything 3.Chinese arts have won the ________ of a lot of people outside China.A.enjoymentB.appreciationC.entertainmentD.reputation 4.They got up very early that morning ________ they wouldn't miss the first bus.A.in caseB.as ifC.so thatD.even though
5.—I've studied watching birds as one of my interests.Could I make some suggestions? —________.
A.You will make itB.It doesn't matter C.Go right aheadD.Take it easy
6.Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ with her stories.A.amusedB.amusingC.to amuseD.to be amused
7.The project ________ Wang Lin's life is one of the many government programmes ________ improving the situation for the poorest people in China.A.that saved;aiming atB.which has saved;aimed at C.which had saved;aimed atD.that had saved;aiming at
8.Only teachers are permitted to enter the ereading room.That is to say, the ereading room is only ________ to teachers.A.introducedB.convenientC.usefulD.accessible
9.Great attention must be paid ________ welfare, especially in the poor area.A.developB.to developC.to developingD.developing
10.Only ticketholders were ________ to the stadium for the concert given by Jay Chou, so many of his fans were turned away.A.allowedB.permittedC.agreedD.admitted
11.—You've finished what you ________ to and I think the teacher will praise you for it.—I think so.A.will expectB.will be expectedC.expectedD.were expected
12.________ for children, the album became popular with parents ________ it came out.A.Designed;whenB.Designed;immediately C.To design;as soon asD.Designing;as
13.On July 24,2012, astronaut Liu Wang, ________ by his teammates Jing Haipeng and Liu Yang, controlled the Shenzhou9 spacecraft to dock(对接)with the Tiangong1 space lab module at 12:42 pm.A.assistedB.assistingC.having assistedD.was assisted
14.Is this the very material that scientists ________ the 2012 London Olympic Games torch? A.used to lightB.are used to lighting C.use to lightD.are used to light
15.—I have something important to do.Can I borrow your car?
—________.I' m not using it today.A.Yes, I like itB.With pleasureC.I quite agreeD.By all means
第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am a straightA student and have been my whole life.When you come from a family of educators, it just seems __16__.With high academic standards and a__17__spirit, I don't just dislike losing, and I can't__18__it.I need to beat the top students, preferably in__19__.I've even got so far as to define myself by my __20__,saying that how __21__ I am.If I don't get the grade I __22__,then I am lost.Today I was sitting in class trying to __23__ the last minutes to study for a test I had to get full marks.__24__ the girl behind me started talking to me, I tried to listen __25__ while still glancing at my study sheet now and then.When I thought the __26__ required it, I smiled, __27__and agreed.And then I found myself wishing she would be __28__ so I could study.After a while, she said, “You know, you're a really good __29__.You're so easy to talk to.” I froze.I replayed the __30__ in my head before smiling and accepting it gladly.But inside, I knew it wasn't true.She'd made every effort to have a conversation and I wasn't even trying to __31__.I passed the test excellently __32__ my worry of lost study time, but the one thing I needed to learn most wasn't on that test.I had __33__ being the best student so that I had failed at just being normal.So what matters to me most? What I have is all about my personal __34__ and about me being too selfcentered.There can only be so many scholars, but there is never __35__ sympathy.I want that to be what matters to me—sympathy.16.A.awesomeB.naturalC.unfortunateD.compulsory 17.A.competitiveB.conservativeC.primitiveD.subjective 18.A.swearB.recommendC.teaseD.stand 19.A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.things 20.A.parentsB.gradesC.appearanceD.standards 21.A.handsomeB.interestingC.outstandingD.modest 22.A.stealB.expectC.deserveD.allocate
23.A.make up ofB.make use ofC.take care ofD.take charge of 24.A.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.Before 25.A.attentivelyB.bitterlyC.politelyD.deliberately 26.A.conversationB.studyingC.testD.sheet 27.A.noddedB.shookC.glancedD.wandered 28.A.quietB.gentleC.noisyD.sleepy 29.A.talkerB.listenerC.lecturerD.teacher 30.A.praiseB.blameC.rudenessD.flattery 31.A.alarmB.gatherC.participateD.shout 32.A.despiteB.duringC.exceptD.beyond 33.A.brought onB.depended onC.carried onD.focused on 34.A.appetiteB.anxietyC.successD.feeling 35.A.fewB.significantC.lowD.enough 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
I never thought I would have a life changing experience at WalMart.Although my thoughts were only on speed, the checkout line I was standing in wasn't moving as quickly as I wanted, and I glanced toward the cashier.There stood a man in his seventies, wearing glasses and a nice smile.I thought, well, he's an old guy!
For the next few minutes I watched him.He greeted every customer before scanning the items.Sure, his words were the usual, “How's it going?” But he did something different—he actually listened to people.Then he would respond to
what they had said and engage them in brief conversation.I thought it was odd.I has grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of robotic conversational habit.After a while, you don't give any thought to the question and just mumble something back.I could say, “I just found out I have six months to live,” and someone would reply, “Have a great day!” But that wasn't the end.He gave them the change, walked around the counter, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship.He looked the customers in the eyes.“I sure want to thank you for shopping here today,” he told them.“You have a great day.Bye bye.”
The looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.There were smiles and some sheepish grins.All had been touched by his simple gesture—and in a place they never expected.They would gather their things and walk out, smiling.Of course, he did the same to me and I got to know his name—Marty.Who was that guy? It was as if Sam Walton had come back from the dead and invaded this old guy's body.I had never walked away from that shop feeling like that.36.The checkout line the writer was standing in moved slower than expected because ________. A.the cashier couldn't work as fast as others B.there were some big purchases
C.the cashier did more than scanning the items D.the writer was not patient enough
37.According to the writer, when common people ask you “How's it going?” ________. A.they don't really care what you may answer B.they are just practicing their conversation ability C.they are inquiring about your private information D.they don't expect to hear any negative answers 38.What can we infer about Sam Walton? A.He might be Marty's father or grandfather.B.He might be friendly and devoted to WalMart.C.He might have died while working in the market.D.He might have come back from the dead once before.39.What does the writer intend to express through the text? A.Our everyday life is always full of surprises.B.Most customers enjoy being treated this way.C.Being different is a good way of doing business.D.A little positive action can make a big difference.B
Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely an urban society.Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林业), and most of the rest live in or around towns, small and large.Here the traditional picture is changing:every small town may still be very like other small towns, and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country, but most Americans do not live in small towns any more.Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(large cities with their suburbs, of more than a million people each—a larger proportion than in Germany or England, let alone France).The statistics(统计数据)of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day.As the rush to live out of town continues, rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses, so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb.But more and more typical Americans live in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.40.If now America has 250 million people, how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry?
A.About 25 million.B.More than 25 million.C.Less than 25 million.D.Less than 225 million.41.Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas? A.United States.B.Germany.C.France.D.England.42.What's the meaning of the underlined word “metropolitan”? A.Of a large city with its suburbs.B.Of small and large towns.C.Of urban areas.D.Of rural areas.43.According to the passage, what can we learn about small towns in the United States? A.Most small towns become gradually crowded.B.Small towns are still similar to each other.C.As the traditional picture is changing, towns are different.D.Small towns are turning into large cities.C
The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem(生态系统).Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big planteater, it largely shapes the forestandsavanna(稀树草原)surroundings in which it lives, thereforesetting_the_terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.Take the rain forests for example.In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.44.What is the passage mainly about? A.Disappearance of African elephants.B.Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.C.The effect of African elephants' search for food.D.The eating habit of African elephants.45.What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean? A.Fixing the time.B.Worsening the state.C.Improving the quality.D.Deciding the conditions.46.What do we know about the open spaces in the passage? A.They result from the destruction of rain forests.B.They provide food mainly for African elephants.C.They are home to many endangered animals.D.They are attractive to planteating animals of different kinds.D
Find a quiet location.Keep a routine.Focus on one subject at a time.It all seems like sound advice for students who need to hit the books, but recent studies indicate the conventional wisdom is all wrong.Here's a list of tips from Carey, a scientist, for getting the most out of your study time:
Test yourself:Doing practice quizzes can help you retrieve information on test day.“Tests have a very bad reputation as a measurement tool,” Carey says.But psychologists have found selftests slow down the forgetting of material you've studied.“If you study something once, and then you test yourself on it,” Carey says, “you do better than if you study it two times over.”
Move around:Changing up where you study can help you retain more information.“If you move around and study the same material in several places,” he says, “you may be forming„multiple associations for the same material, the same words and so on.So it's better anchored in your brain, and you can pull it out easier.”
Mix it up:Think about a football player who does strength training, speed training and drills.Carey says alternating between different facets of a subject in a single sitting can “leave a deeper impression on the brain”.For example, when studying French, do some verbs, some speaking and some reading.Spending your time in deep concentration on just verbs, say, isn't as effective.Space it out:Information learned in a hurry is lost just as fast.Carey likens cramming your brain to speedpacking a cheap suitcase—it all falls out.So if you really want to learn, space out shorter, hourlong study sessions.“There's no doubt you can cram your way through an exam,” Carey says.The problem is that it's so easy to forget what you just crammed—and once it's gone, Carey says, “it's gone.You're not getting it back.”
Of course, nothing can replace the power of motivation and discipline.But Carey says the overall message is encouraging:“Studying can sort of be incorporated into a more varied life, much more easily than we thought.” 47.According to the text, the best way to learn is ________. A.to learn one's subject at a time in a quiet place B.to be strongly motivated to learn something C.to mix up everything that you will learn D.to do selftests after you learn immediately
48.How did the writer develop the fifth paragraph?
A.By telling an interesting story.B.By presenting in the time order.C.By analyzing cause and effect.D.By making a comparison.49.Why did the author write the passage? A.To present some new advice on learning.B.To introduce some traditional wisdom.C.To explain some phenomena of studying.D.To list some views on reading books.50.It can be inferred from what Carey said in the third paragraph that ________. A.tests used to be treated as a tool to judge learners B.tests would give you a way to measure yourself C.tests were the best way to learn new information D.tests do good to you more than learning itself 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rules for the University Entrance Examination
You must be at the examination center ten minutes before the examination starts.If you are more than ten minutes late, you may not enter the examination center.51.________
You must have proof of your name and grade as well as official examination number.Show these when you come to the examination center.Depending on which examination you are taking, you may bring certain items into the examination center.52.________ Other subjects may allow you to use dictionaries and other reference material.Please read the notes sent with your timetable carefully.You must bring your own pencils.None will be provided for you.The following items are not allowed in the examination center: Walkmans and radios, headsets, any food or drink, schoolbags, electronic equipment(unless specially permitted for various subjects), and mobile phones.Once in the center, you must sit at the desk with your examination number on it.When you sit down, place your examination number at the top of your desk.53.________ You must not disturb other people who are taking the test.If you need a drink or toilet break, you should raise your hand and wait for the supervisor(监督者)to speak to you.You will be given water or the supervisor will take you to the bathroom.54.________ 55.________ Your supervisor will provide extra paper if you wish to make notes.The supervisor will warn you fifteen minutes, five minutes and one minute before the end of the examination.When the supervisor says that the time is up, you must put down your pencil and wait at your desk until your paper is collected.A.Mathematics examinations may allow you to use electronic calculators.B.You must hand in your paper when the bell rings announcing the end of the exam.C.You are not allowed to talk with anyone during the break.D.The examination takes place at the same time in different states.E.You must write your answers in the official answer sheet.F.You must take some water with you when taking the examination.G.You must remain silent during the examination.第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Mom,Mother’s Day is coming.I’m sorry that I am abroad and can’t send your flowers, so I’m writing to you.Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you before.But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell you loudly: I love you, Mom!Thank you so much by not only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good person.Thank you for all you had done for me.Mom, though I may often say it, I do love you.Nobody can take your part in my heart.Whenever I am, I will always love you.Hope you good health and much happiness every day!Your little girl,Jennifer 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是高三学生李华,发现进入高三以来不少同学开始忽视英语口语的训练,把大量的时间花在做习题上,因此你打算利用年级大会的演讲机会指出这一问题。请你用英语写一篇100词左右的演讲稿,演讲稿应包括以下内容:
1.问题的现状;2.对这一问题的看法;3.发出倡议。注意:演讲稿的开头和结尾已经给出(不计入总词数)。
Good afternoon, honorable teachers and my fellow students.I am Li Hua from Class 1, Senior 3.________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening.参 考 答 案
第一部分 第一节
1.B 考查冠词。句意:杰克给我留口信,说他遇到麻烦了。第一个空a message表示泛指,第二个空是固定搭配,in trouble陷入困境,遇到麻烦,不用加冠词。
2.C 考查代词的用法。句意:她最喜欢散步因为任何保持健康的方法都比不上散步。There is nothing like„意思是“什么也比不上„„”。
3.B 考查名词辨析。句意:中国艺术已在国外赢得了很多人的欣赏。enjoyment享受,乐趣; appreciation欣赏,鉴别; entertainment娱乐,消遣,款待; reputation名声,名誉。
4.C 考查连词。句意:他们那天早上起得很早目的是不愿意错过头班车。in case万一; as if好像; so that以便; even though即使。
5.C 考查交际用语。句意:——我一直把观察鸟作为我的爱好之一。我能提点建议吗?——好的,提吧。You will make it.“你一定能行”; It doesn't matter.“没关系”; Go right ahead.“请便,尽管做吧”; Take it easy.“不急”。根据句意,选C项。
6.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:露西很幽默,她的故事总是让她的同事开心。amused“愉快的,被逗乐的”用来形容人; amusing“好笑的,引人发笑的”用来形容事。又因为amuse和her colleagues之间为动宾关系,所以用amused。
7.B 考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意:已经拯救了王林生命的工程是许多政府项目之一,目的在于改善中国最贫困的人们的情况。the project为先行词,后面跟的是定语从句,根据句中的谓语动词is,第一个空要用现在完成时,第二个空用过去分词短语作定语,修饰programmes。
8.D 考查形容词词义辨析。be accessible to sb“对于某人来说是可以进入或使用的”。
9.C 考查固定搭配。句意:尤其在贫困地区,必须特别注意发展福利事业。pay attention to注意,其中to为介词,后面跟名词、代词或动名词。
10.D 考查动词辨析。句意:只有持票的人允许进入体育场观看周杰伦举办的音乐会,因此很多的粉丝被拒之门外。be allowed/permitted to do sth“被允许做某事”; agree to do sth“同意做某事”,但不能说be agreed to do;be admitted to“被准许进入”其中to为介词。故选D项。
11.D 考查动词的语态。句意:——你已经完成了所希望你做的,我认为老师会因此表扬你的。——我也这样想的。expect sb to do sth“希望„„做某事”,句中的you和expect之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,又因为这个动作发生在have finished之前。故用一般过去时的被动语态。
12.B 考查非谓语动词的用法以及连词辨析。句意:(由于)是为孩子们设计的,唱片一发行就受到了父母们的欢迎。非谓语动词结构在句子中作状语,design与句子的主语the album两者之间是动宾关系,因此用过去分词表被动。这里表示的是一问世就受到热捧,所以用连词immediately或as soon as,综合分析,选B。
13.A 考查非谓语动词。因为assist与其逻辑主语Liu Wang之间构成动宾关系,所以用过去分词短语作非限定性定语。此处 assisted=who was assisted。
14.A 考查固定搭配。需要分析句子结构,还原成陈述句为:This is the very material that scientists used to light „意思为“这就是科学家们用来点燃2012年伦敦奥运会火炬的材料。”
15.D 考查交际用语。由答语“I' m not using it today”可以看出,他同意了对方借车的请求,故选D,意思是:当然可以了。第二节
[文章大意] 来自教师家庭的我,一直以来在学习上都出类拔萃,遥遥领先,并引以为豪,专心学习、打败所有的对手一直是我的目标,考试前的几分钟我都在拼命地学习,但和坐在后排的那位女孩的一次谈话经历使我的心态有所改变。
16.B 语境为:当你出生自父母都是老师的家庭,这一切都会很自然(natural)。awesome令人惊叹的,很困难的; unfortunate不幸的,令人遗憾的; compulsory强制的,必须做的。17.A 对应前面的“high academic standards”,再结合下文的“dislike losing”可以看出,这里指的是:作者在学习上水平高,竞争意识强,所以,他不仅不喜欢失败,而且也无法忍受失败。conservative保守的,守旧的; primitive
原始的。
18.D 根据上下文可知,作者不仅是不喜欢失去自己的优异成绩,他也无法忍受(stand)这个情况。swear咒骂,诅咒; tease取笑,戏弄。
19.A 上文告诉我们,作者认为自己的实力较强,不喜欢失败,也忍受不了失败,所以他要做的就是:要在所有方面,击败优等生。所以选everything,意思是:各个方面。
20.B 语境为:我的学习达到如此优秀的水平,以至于通过我的考试成绩(grade)就能看出我是多么优秀。24空前“full marks”中有暗示。
21.C outstanding 杰出的,优秀的。语境见上一题。handsome英俊的; interesting有趣的; modest谦虚的,谦逊的。
22.B 前文告诉我们,作者一直要做最好的学生(I am a straightA student and have been my whole life),一直在打败最好的学生(need to beat the top students),并且无法忍受(考试中的)失败,所以这里的意思是:如果我考试的分数没达到所期待(expect)的分数,我就输了。steal偷盗; deserve值得; allocate拨给,分配„„给。23.B 此处指作者利用考试前的最后几分钟学习备考,所以选make use of,意思是:利用。24.A 当(when)作者后面的女生开始和他谈话,他表现得很有礼貌。25.C 由下文作者在谈话中的表现“I smiled, „and agreed.”可以看出,作者在整个过程中是很有礼貌的。attentively注意地; bitterly 悲痛地; deliberately故意,蓄意,存心。
26.A 这里指的是两个人在进行的谈话,所以选conversation。句意为:当我认为在谈话过程中需要我作出反应的时候,我就会(不失时机地)微笑,点头,„„
27.A 这里有三个并列的动作:smile,agree,还有空格,四个选项中只有nod在意思上能并列,所以选nod“点头”,表示作者同意他同学的看法。
28.A 语境为:作者希望他同学安静下来(quiet),他好学习。29.B 语境为:在作者的同学看来,他是个好的倾听者(listener)。
30.A 29空所在的句子是对方对作者在这次谈话中的表现的评价,从good,以及so easy to talk to来看,很显然是“表扬”,所以选praise。blame责备; rudeness粗鲁; flattery奉承。D项有很大的干扰性,但是下文的“But inside, I knew it wasn't true.”告诉我们,对方是在发自内心地赞扬。
31.C 语境为:作者的同学努力在和他谈话,而他却只是在应付,期待对方“quiet”,试图不参与(participate)。32.A 分析上下文可知,作者担心(考试前因为女同学和他的谈话)浪费了复习的时间,但是仍然考得很好,所以选despite,意思是:尽管,相当于in spite of。during在„„期间; except除„„之外; beyond 超过,超出。33.D focus on“关注,专注”。前文告诉我们,我一直致力于成为学习上的最棒的学生,所以这里表达的意思是:作者太专注于成为优秀学生以至于都变得不正常了。bring on使发展,导致; depend on 依靠,相信,信赖; carry on 继续下去,继续开展。
34.C 和女同学比较了一下,作者终于发现了,他所拥有的不过是学习上的成功(success)和自我(即自己在交谈的过程中所表现出来的自私)。appetite食欲,胃口;anxiety担忧,焦虑; feeling感觉。35.D 作者认为他没有足够的(enough)同情心,即和女孩相比,女孩所具有的同情心。第二部分 第一节 A
[文章大意] 文章主要讲述了作者在沃尔玛超市购物时的经历。通过七十多岁的收银员对顾客的热情的服务,作者对自己的人生有了很大的感悟和改变,顾客的微笑是无价的。
36.C 细节理解题。从第四段的He greeted every customer before scanning the items.Sure, his words were the usual, “How's it going?” But he did something different—he actually listened to people.Then he would respond to what they had said and engage them in brief conversation.看出,收银员在扫描条形码的时候,做了很多的事情,热情地问候顾客。37.A 细节理解题。从第五段I thought it was odd.I has grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of robotic conversational habit.看出当普通人问候你的时候,他们是不会在意你的回答的。38.B 推理判断题。从第七段的He gave them the change, walked around the counter, and extended his right hand in an
act of friendship.He looked the customers in the eyes.“I sure want to thank you for shopping here today,” he told them.“You have a great day.Byebye.”和倒数第二段可知Marty像Sam Walton一样对顾客很友好、热情,忠于自己的那份工作。39.D 写作目的题。作者主要想通过这篇文章中Marty对顾客的态度告诉大家,一个小的积极的行为会影响很大。B
[文章大意] 文章介绍了美国虽然土地面积大,但是,美国人从事农业和林业的很少,不足人口的十分之一,多数人都生活在城市里。
40.C 计算题。根据Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry计算出答案。41.C 细节理解题。从a larger proportion than in Germany or England,let alone France看出答案。
42.A 词义猜测题。根据Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(large cities with their suburbs, of more than a million people each„)括号内的解释猜出答案是“大城市的”。
43.B 推理判断题。从第三句„every small town may still be very like other small towns推知,美国的小城镇是相似的。C
[文章大意] 本文主要讲述了非洲大象对生态系统的重要影响。
44.C 主旨大意题。往往文章的第一段和最后一段都是透露文章主旨的地方。而本文正是这样。我们从这两段可以看出,这篇文章是关于非洲象寻找食物所带来的影响,所以应选C。
45.D 词义猜测题。根据上文和下文的existence for millions of other animals可知。
46.D 细节理解题。open spaces出现在文中第二段的第三句和第四句。从第四句中我们可以得知这样的空地很容易吸引各种各样的食草动物,故选D。D
[文章大意] 每位学习者都渴望掌握一些高效的学习方法,文章向我们介绍了一些好的学习方法。
47.B 细节判断题。从文章的最后一段的第一句话Of course,nothing can replace the power of motivation and discipline.可知学习有动机是最好的,故选B项。
48.D 推理判断题。从Think about a football player who does strength training,speed training and drills.可知作者在写第五段的时候,是拿足球运动员来作比较的,故选D项。
49.A 作者意图题。作者在本文中主要介绍了几种关于学习的一些新的认识,纠正了原来的一些人们所认为的有利于学习的方式,所以A项符合作者意图。
50.A 推理判断题。从文章的第三段的Tests have a very bad reputation as a measurement tool可知测试过去一直被认为是一种测量的工具,所以选A项。第二节
51-55 DAGCE 第三部分 第一节
1.your改为you。考查代词。此处动词send接双宾语,应使用宾格形式,构成短语send sb.sth.。2.thank改为thanks。考查名词单复数。“表达感谢”应为:express one’s thanks。3.去掉on。考查介词。在副词today之前不用介词,故去掉。
4.by改为for。考查介词。Thank sb.for…为固定短语“因…而感谢”。
5.teach改为teaching。考查非谓语动词。此处是but连接的用于介词之后的并列的动名词形式。6 had改为have。考查动词时态。全篇文章属于现在的时态,故将过去完成时改为现在完成时。7.may后加not。考查句意。句意为:妈妈,虽然我可能没有经常说,但我确实很爱你。8.Whenever改为Wherever。考查连词。根据句意:无论我在哪里,我总是爱你的。
9.Hope改为Wish。考查动词辨析。动词hope后不能接双宾语,应用wish符合语境和语法规则。第二节
One possible version:
Good_afternoon,_honorable_teachers_and_my_fellow_students._I_am_Li_Hua_from_Class_1,_Senior_3.I have noticed
that many students are no longer fond of practicing oral English.Even in classes, they inactively join in discussing, speaking English unwillingly.Doing exercises, in their eyes, becomes the only thing worth their time.This is definitely wrong.It's true that we are under much pressure because we are now senior three students.But remember, we learn English not just for exams but for equipping ourselves for the future.It's shortsighted to ignore the importance of spoken English.What's the point of getting full marks without the ability to communicate with native speakers?
My fellow students, what we need to do is to look forward.Exams are important but not everything.Let's open our mouths and enjoy speaking English.Thank_you_for_your_listening.
第二篇:高二下学期期末语文试卷
如果把高中三年去挑战高考看作一次越野长跑的话,那么高中二年级是这个长跑的中段。与起点相比,它少了许多的鼓励、期待,与终点相比,它少了许多的掌声、加油声。下面给大家带来一些关于高二下学期期末语文试卷,希望对大家有所帮助。
第Ⅰ卷阅读题
甲必考题
一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
古典诗歌的现代传承
杨景龙
综观20世纪中国新诗,从创作实践到理论批评,从语言形式、表现手法到观念题旨、艺术精神,继承了中国古典诗歌的诸多优良传统。不过,这种继承不是亦步亦趋的墨守成规的仿效,而是在横向移植的外来参照之下的现代创造性转化。
胡适的《尝试集》作为白话新诗的发轫,其秉承古典诗歌的遗传基因即至为明显,胡适自己就承认,他的新诗“实在不过是一些刷洗过的旧诗”。胡适之后,白话诗人的创作或强或弱、或显或隐、或多或少,都无法完全逃离古典诗歌传统的一脉血缘。
古今诗歌意象、诗句之间,像戴望舒名篇《雨巷》的中心意象“丁香”,即来自李璟《摊破浣溪沙》词句“丁香空结雨中愁”,卞之琳就说《雨巷》“读起好像旧诗名句‘丁香空结雨中愁’的现代白话版”。余光中《碧潭》有句“如果舴艋舟再舴艋些/我的忧伤就灭顶”,活用李清照《武陵春》词句“只恐双溪舴艋舟,载不动,许多愁”。
古今诗歌作品之间,郑愁予名篇《错误》的艺术构思,显然借鉴了苏轼《蝶恋花》下片中的无焦点冲突和戏剧化情境;舒婷名篇《船》表现的咫尺天涯的永恒阻隔,与《古诗十九首》中的《迢迢牵牛星》同出机杼。
古今诗人之间,像郭沫若诗歌的豪情气势与李白诗歌,艾青诗歌的深沉悲郁与杜甫诗歌,戴望舒、何其芳诗歌的辞-调与晚唐温李诗词,卞之琳诗歌的炼字琢句与南宋姜、吴雅词等;古今诗体之间,像胡适之体的浅白与元白体的浅俗,俞平伯、严阵、流沙河诗歌的语言节奏与古代词曲句式,郭小川的新辞赋体诗歌与古代辞赋歌行,白话小诗的体式与古代绝句小令等;古今诗歌流派之间,像新边塞诗的激昂豪迈、地域特色显明,与盛唐边塞诗的-悲壮、异域风光独特等;古今诗歌主题之间,像社会政治主题,爱国主题,爱情主题,时间生命主题,历史主题,自然主题,乡愁主题等;古今诗歌形式手法之间,像构句分节押韵,意象化,比兴象征,构思立意,意境营造与氛围渲染,叙事性和戏剧化,互文与用典等;其间均有着千丝万缕的内在联系。
开展扎实有效的古今诗歌传承研究工作,有利于古代诗歌研究者扩大视野,完善知识结构,形成关于中国诗歌史发展演变的整体观,理清20世纪新诗的诗学背景和诗艺渊源,从而对古典诗歌的现代价值和现代新诗的艺术成就,作出较为准确的评估;并以辉煌灿烂的古典诗艺为参照,剖析新诗艺术的利弊得失,提升新诗的艺术水准;促使古典诗艺的现代性转化;它还有望在中国诗学领域拓展出一片边缘交叉的新垦地,形成一个新的分支学科;而在广泛的意义上,它更有益于培养现代学人丰富的审美趣味、弘通的历史视野和对优秀的-族文化传统进行创造性转化的能力。
(选自《光明日报》,有删改)
1.根据文意,下列不能证明“古今诗歌意象、诗句之间”的关系的一项是(3分)()
A.舒婷《春夜》中的名句“我愿是那顺帆的风/伴你浪迹四方”,与唐代李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》诗句“我寄愁心与明月,随风直到夜郎西”,可说是活脱相似。
B.李瑛的《谒托马斯?曼墓》中的“细雨刚停,细雨刚停/雨水打湿了墓地的钟声”,很容易让人想起杜甫《船下夔州郭宿》中的诗句“晨钟云外湿”。
C.洛夫做过将古诗句“加工改造”的实验,他曾把李贺的“石破天惊逗秋雨”一句改写为“石破/天惊/秋雨吓得骤然凝在半空”。
D.台湾诗人席慕蓉在她的《悲喜剧》一诗中写“白苹洲”上的等待与相逢,其实是对温庭筠《梦江南》词意的翻新与主题的掘进。
2.下列对“古今诗歌传承研究工作”的意义的表述,符合原文意思的一项是(3分)()
A.能够扩大古诗研究者的视野,完善知识结构,整体把握中国古典诗歌史的发展演变。
B.能够较为准确地评估古典诗歌的现代价值和现代新诗的艺术成就。
C.能够拓展中国新诗的领域,进而形成边缘交叉的、新的分支学科。
D.在广泛的意义上能够丰富现代人的审美趣味和历史视野,同时对古典诗艺进行创造性转化。
3.下列分析与概括,不符合文意的一项是(3分)()
A.中国新诗在继承古诗优良传统的同时,横向移植外作品,并对外来作品进行现代创造性转化。
B.白话新诗从一开始出现,就秉承了古典诗歌的遗传基因。《尝试集》的作者胡适也认可这一观点。
C.古今诗歌无论是在作品之间还是诗歌体裁之间,以及在诗人之间,都有着千丝万缕的内在联系。
D.小到意象、诗句,大到诗人风格、流派、主题、手法,都可以寻找到古今之间施受传承的脉络和痕迹。
二、古代诗文阅读(36分)
(一)文言文阅读(19分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成4—7题。
石天麟,字天瑞,顺州人。年十四,入见太宗,因留宿卫。天麟好学不倦,于诸国书语无不习。帝命中书令耶律楚材厘正庶务,选贤能为参佐,天麟在选,赐名蒙古台。宗王征西域,以天麟为断事官。
宪宗六年,遣天麟使海都,拘留久之,既而边将劫皇子北安王以往,寓天麟所。天麟稍与其用事臣相亲因语以宗亲恩义及臣子逆顺祸福之理海都闻之悔悟遂遣天麟与北安王同归。天麟被拘留二十八年,始得还,世祖大悦,赏赉甚厚。拜中书左丞,兼断事官。天麟辞曰:“臣奉使无状,陛下幸赦弗诛,何可复叨荣宠。况臣才识浅薄,年力衰惫,岂能任政,恐徒贻庙堂羞,不敢奉诏。”帝嘉其诚,褒慰良久,从之。
有谮丞相安童尝受海都官爵者,帝怒,天麟奏曰:“海都实宗亲,偶有违言,非仇敌比,安童不拒绝之,所以释其疑心,导其臣顺也。”帝怒乃解。江南道观偶藏宋主遗像,有僧素与道士交恶,发其事,将置之极刑,帝以问天麟,对曰:“辽国主后铜像在西京者,今尚有之,未闻有禁令也。”事遂寝。天麟年七十余,帝以所御金龙头杖赐之,曰:“卿年老,出入宫掖,杖此可也。”时权臣用事,凶焰薰炙,人莫敢言。天麟独言其-,无所顾忌,人服其忠直。
成宗即位,加荣禄大夫、司徒,大宴玉德殿,召天麟与宴,赐以御药,命左右劝之酒,颇醉,命御辇送还家。武宗即位,进平章政事。至大二年秋八月卒,年九十二。赠推诚宣力保德翊戴功臣、开府仪同三司、太师、上柱国,追封冀国公,谥忠宣。
子圭,累官治书侍御史,迁枢密副使,复为侍御史,拜河南行中书省右丞,升荣禄大夫、南台御史中丞,卒。次子怀都,初袭断事官,累迁刑部尚书、荆湖北道宣慰使。孙哈蓝赤,袭断事官。
(节选自《元史?石天麟传》)
4.对下列句子中加点的词语的解释,不正确的一项是(3分)()
A.既而边将劫皇子北安王以往,寓天麟所寓:暂时住在。
B.有谮丞相安童尝受海都官爵者谮:诬告。
C.所以释其疑心,导其臣顺也释:解释。
D.有僧素与道士交恶,发其事发:揭发。
5.对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(3分)()
A.天麟稍与其用事臣相亲狎/因语以宗亲恩义/及臣子逆顺祸福之理/海都闻之悔悟/遂遣天麟与北安王同归/
B.天麟稍与其用事臣相亲狎/因语以宗亲恩义及臣子逆顺祸福之理/海都闻之悔悟/遂遣天麟与北安王同归/
C.天麟稍与其用事臣相亲狎/因语以宗亲恩义/及臣子逆顺祸福之理/海都闻之悔悟/遂遣天麟与北安王/同归
D.天麟稍与其用事/臣相亲狎/因语以宗亲恩义/及臣子逆顺祸福之理/海都闻之悔悟/遂遣天麟与北安王同归/
6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(3分)()
A.石天麟好学博识,颇受皇帝恩宠。石天麟历经几个皇帝,其才能都得以认可,几个皇帝都对他恩宠有加,年衰后甚至被赐以金龙头杖。
B.石天麟有胆有识,喜欢表现自己。有寺僧告发道观私藏宋主遗像石天麟知道后就向皇帝进言,说这种情况可以理解,西京都还有辽国主后的铜像。
C.石天麟忠于朝廷,关注朝廷大事。他被拘留在海都时,还设法说服边将要以恩宠宗义为重,营救了被劫持的皇子;有人诬陷安童,他向皇帝力谏,安童才得以脱险。
D.石天麟贤能谦恭,其德泽被后人。石天麟贤能刚正,是几朝功臣,他的品行对子孙有深远影响。两个儿子都官至卿相,孙子也承袭官职。
7.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)
(1)帝命中书令耶律楚材厘正庶务,选贤能为参佐,天麟在选,赐名蒙古台。(5分)
(2)况臣才识浅薄,年力衰惫,岂能任政,恐徒贻庙堂羞,不敢奉诏。(5分)
(二)古代诗歌阅读(11分)
阅读下面这首唐诗,完成8-9题。
雨后晓行独至愚溪北池
柳宗元
宿云散洲渚,晓日明村坞。
高树临清池,风惊夜来雨。
予心适无事,偶此成宾主。
8.这首诗开头两句从描写什么入手?这样写有什么作用?(5分)
9.“高树临清池,风惊夜来雨”是历来传诵的名句,句中有两个字用得很好,请找出来并试作分析。(6分)
(三)名篇名句默写(6分)
10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)
(1)《庄子?逍遥游》中以“朝菌”和“蟪蛄”为例来说明“小年”一词的两句是“。”
(2)《滕王阁序》“______________________,_________________”两句,从高下、动静、远近、点面等诸多角度为我们展现了一幅天阔水远、水鸟高飞、秋霞绚烂的鲜活图景,意境描写达于化境。
(3)《归去来兮辞》中深信自己为官错误,归隐正确的两句诗是“,”。
乙选考题
请考生在第三(11)、四(12)两题中选定其中一题作答。注意:作答时请先在答题卡上将所选题号写在括号里。只能做所选定题目内的小题,不得选做另一题目内的小题。如果多做,则按所做的第一个题目计分。
三、文学类文本阅读(25分)
11.阅读下面文字,完成(1)-(4)题。(25分)
回家
朱道能
日暮时分,他终于赶回了家乡。
村口的小商店早早亮起了灯光。有几个乡邻在说着闲话。见了他,都一脸热情地招呼着。他立即放下大包小包,连连回应,一一敬烟。
刚唠了几句,爹来了。
“回了。”爹的话,永远是那么简明,然后就去提地上的行李。
有人对他说:“你爹都来瞄几趟了。”
也有人对他爹说:“养儿不要多,一个顶十个呀——老哥好福气哟。”
爹拿眼去瞅儿子,嘿嘿地笑。
回到家,把脸一洗,娘已经把七大碟八大碗摆上了桌子。爹悄无声息地从柜子里拿出一瓶酒来。
一看这酒,他愣了一下。去年春节前,妻子冰在单位分了八瓶抵债的高档白酒。初一给领导拜年拎去了两瓶,可一看领导家的酒柜,就又悄悄拎了回来。后来这酒,就送了岳父两瓶,客户四瓶,朋友来家喝了一瓶,余下这一瓶,回老家时塞进了提包,他想让一辈子只喝两块五一斤土烧的父亲,也尝尝这百元佳酿的滋味。
娘说:“这酒你爹稀罕着哩,过生日时都舍不得拿出来喝一口。”
爹打开酒盖,先给他倒满,然后给自己满上端起来,和儿子轻轻一碰,仰起脖子,一饮而尽。
他心头一热,为不苟言笑的父亲和儿子这尽在不言中的一碰。
于是,他也一饮而尽。
娘嗔怪道:“瞧你爷俩,慢点喝,跟谁抢呀?吃菜,吃菜……”
就这样杯来盏去,一瓶酒很快去了大半。
他说:“爹,你少喝点。”
娘说:“老头子,身体不好,别逞能了。”
爹说:“没事。”
又是一杯。
酒见底了,爹也醉了。
他扶起爹,爹的头就软软地靠在他肩上。这一瞬间,他才突然发现,儿时印象中无所不能的父亲,竟然如此的瘦小羸弱……
他几乎是搂抱着把爹放在了床上。爹的手还一直抓着他的胳膊,嘴里还含糊不清地絮语着。他拉过被子,把爹的手轻轻塞进被窝。
出来时,娘已经收拾好饭桌。
有杯茶,热气腾腾地等着他。
娘说:“你爹是高兴啦。”
他点点头。
“你爹是高兴啦,”娘又重复了一遍,“你们寄回来的纸片片,可给你爹长脸了……”
纸片片?他愣住了。
娘说:“就是那啥……那啥……”便转身进屋,拿出一个包,解了一层又一层,露出的是——一张明信片。
他想起来了,那是春节前,儿子蛋蛋从学校带回几张学校发的明信片,说是要完成“感恩”的家庭作业。
他说:“算了吧,你爷奶都不识字,寄回去了也没有用。”
儿子说:“不嘛,老师说一定要寄的。”于是,他就替儿子写地址。在写“溡河村”时,还一时想不起“溡”字是不是应该有个三点水。有多少年没有给父母写信了呢?仔细想想,应该追溯到上大学的时候了。
他看儿子一笔一画地写道:祝爷爷奶奶春节愉快,身体健康!
他见下面还有大片空白,就提笔续了一句:祝爹妈笑口常开,健康长寿!
儿子见了,又拿起笔递给妻子:“妈妈,你也写一句……”
于是妻子也写了一句。
然后,儿子交到学校,统一寄发了。
如果不提起,他早已忘记了这张“纸片片”了。
他端起茶杯,猛喝了一口,却烫得直吐舌头。
娘还在说:“这张纸片片,邮递员就送在村口商店里,好多人都看了,说不是一家人,不进一家门,儿子孝顺,孙子乖,媳妇也懂得礼数……”
“你爹才没有出息呢,跟俺一样,是个大字不识的睁眼瞎,却没事捧着这个纸片片,左瞅瞅右瞄瞄的……”
说着,娘就笑出了声。
他也跟着笑,肌肉却有些僵硬。
“前几天,你爹还说呢,掰个指头算一算,冰冰有五年没回了,蛋蛋也有三年没回了……”
娘总有说不完的话题。
他立即道:“原来是准备回的,冰冰单位要临时值班,孩子也要上补习班……”说这话时,他感觉脸在发烫。
娘也立即说:“知道,知道。你爹还说了,你以后也不要年年回了。爹妈知道你们在城里的难处,喝口凉水都要花钱买。回来一趟,这七大姑八大姨的,你不容易啊……”
说到这里,娘的眼圈突然红了:“你爹娘没有啥本事,出门在外都靠你自个勤扒苦做的——以后逢年过节,给俺们寄个纸片片啥的就行了。省俩钱儿,好给咱的蛋蛋上大学……”
他鼻子一酸,说:“娘,你别这样说……”顿了顿,又大声道:“跟俺爹说,明年过年,我们全家一定回来!”
在里屋,爹的鼾声正响。
(选自《天池》2009年第9期,有删改)
(1)下列对小说内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是(5分)()()
A.文章语言多用口语,质朴自然。小说多处描写人物对话,既能揭示人物的心理,又能彰显文章的主旨。
B.文章使用语言描写、心理描写、细节描写等多种手法刻画人物,还多处使用修辞手法。
C.在“他”与儿子蛋蛋的对话中我们知道,他大学毕业后就没给父母写过信了,不写信的原因是父母不认字。
D.“爹拿眼去瞅儿子,嘿嘿地笑”一句通过对人物的外貌描写,表现了父亲内心的自豪与幸福,折射出父亲内向的性格特征。
E.文章写娘转身进屋,拿出一个包,包里装着明信片,“解了一层又一层”的细节描写表明了爹娘珍视的程度,也是对儿孙爱的程度。
(2)文章开头写乡邻们的话语有什么作用?(6分)
(3)简要概括-谈论“明信片”时“我”的心理变化过程。(6分)
(4)有人说这篇小说的主旨是赞美父母对子女的理解和关爱,也有人说主旨是表现在外打拼的孩子不能经常关爱父母的愧疚之情。结合文章,谈谈你的看法。(8分)
四、实用类文本阅读(25分)
12.阅读下面文字,完成(1)-(4)题。(25分)
他的生命就是一首诗
袁行霈
林庚先生逝世已经三年多了,他那特有的潇酒自如与宽容大度,仍然常常浮现在我的眼前。我总觉得他并没有离开我们,还生活在我们中间。
林庚先生自幼颖悟,北国的晴空、古都的文化以及家庭的教养,在他的心里埋下了诗的种子。林先生在大学期间就已致力于诗歌创作。最初热心于旧体诗词,语言浑成,意境高远。但林先生感到写旧体诗词难以跳出古人的窠臼,后来决定改写新诗。先后出版了《夜》《春野与窗》《北平情歌》等诗集。林先生写诗先是自由体,后来转向新格律诗。
抗日战争爆发后,林先生任教于厦门大学中文系。1938年1月,随厦门大学迁至闽西山区长汀,与外界几乎处于隔绝状态,这时才把主要精力放到古典文学研究上,并于1946完成《中国文学史》。1947年,林先生回到北京,任燕京大学中文系教授。除继续研究古典诗歌和文学史外,还在各报刊上发表新诗和有关新诗创作的文章。
1952年院系调整后他任北京大学中文系教授,在讲坛上才华横溢,名言隽语层出不穷。对整个中国文学的宏观认识,结合着对诗句的细密分析,再加上那诗人的风度,吸引着每一个听课的学生。在教学的同时,林先生出版了《中国文学简史》等享誉学术界的著作,直到90高龄,还出版了一部富有哲理性的诗集《空间的驰想》。
林庚先生写诗一方面致力于把握现代生活和现代汉语的新节奏;另一方面则追溯中国诗歌-族形式发展的历史经验和规律,并创造性地运用到新诗的写作中来。林先生力求以最自然的语言传达生活中最直接的感受,取得深入浅出明朗不尽的艺术效果。有的诗仿佛脱口而出,没有一点斧凿痕迹,是何等的透明,又是何等的蕴藉。有的诗令人如痴如醉,一种少年的精神伴随着完美的节奏呈现在眼前,其新鲜的程度真如旦晚才脱笔砚者。有的诗表现的是现代意识,而诗的形式却又带着鲜明的-族特点。语言是那么浅显,含义却又那么深邃。
林庚先生首先是诗人,是以诗人为基点从事文学史研究的,他研究古典诗歌的目的是从中寻求创作的经验,以及诗歌形式发展的规律。他在诗坛上曾经辉煌过,经过岁月的淘洗,他的诗必将重新赢得新一代的读者。
正是因为他抱着这样的目的,并且对包括诗歌在内的文学艺术有敏锐的感受力,所以他的学术研究才能独具慧眼,并取得非凡的成就。就古典文学研究而言,林先生长于文学史的总体把握和宏观研究,他的《中国文学简史》-远瞩,荦荦大端,有一种卓然不群的气象。他关于屈原和《楚辞》的考证独辟蹊径,取得令人瞩目的成果。他关于李白的研究,融入了自己的人格。林先生标举“少年精神”“建安风骨”“盛唐气象”,赞扬创造力,给学术界留下一笔宝贵的遗产。
林庚先生的过人之处究竟何在?就在于他的诗歌、学问与人格的统一,诗歌魅力、学术魅力与人格魅力的交融。他为人清高,艺术趣味高雅,学风既严谨又灵活,有一股朴茂纯真的灵气贯注于其诗其学其人之间。林庚先生享年96岁,桃李满天下,直至晚年仍保持着青年人的朝气与活力。诗人的气质,学者的胸襟,二者在林庚先生身上完美地统一起来。古代知识分子的风骨,现当代知识分子的追求,二者在林庚先生身上完美地统一起来。他是中国近百年来文学史、学术史和教育的一位标志性人物,有了他,这段文学史、学术史和教育史,才显得完整。
林庚先生的生命就是一首诗,他的生命之消失也是一首诗。他离去得那么从容,没有痛苦,只有潇洒。如果说有一点遗憾的话,也只是想再看一次月圆,而没有看到。他仿佛是为诗而生的,为中国这个诗的国度而生的。他的一生,他所做的一切都指向一个境地,那就是青春、理想和美。我们都为物欲横流、精神苍白的某些现状而痛心,我还为缺少理想主义、英雄主义和浪漫主义而遗憾。在这种背景下,更觉得我们的老师林庚先生之可贵。愿更多的人了解他,尊敬他,学习他,愿他的精神经过我们而得以发扬光大。
(1)下列对传记有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是(5分)()()
A.幼年颖悟、文化的熏陶、自然的美好使林庚很早就心系诗歌,最初致力于旧体诗词,后转写新诗,其诗语言浑成,意境高远。
B.抗战爆发后,厦门大学迁至闽西山区,封闭的生活环境让林庚潜心研究中国古典文学,《中国文学史》是他这一时期的重要成果。
C.林庚教学出色,成就非凡,专著享誉学术界,其诗也总是力求以最自然的语言传达生活中最直接的感受,艺术效果深入浅出,明朗不尽。
D.因林先生标举“少年精神”“建安风骨”“盛唐气象”,所以对包括诗歌在内的文学艺术具有敏锐的感受力,在学术研究上更独具慧眼。
E.对林庚诗一般的生命历程和他在中国百年文学史、学术史和教育史方面研究的突出成就的记叙,使全文充满深深的怀念、赞美和遗憾之情。
(2)林庚一生的学术研究取得了非凡的成就,这是什么原因?请简要分析。(6分)
(3)林庚的过人之处在于其“诗歌魅力、学术魅力与人格魅力的交融”,其“魅力”体现在何处?请简要分析。(6分)
(4)林庚一生勤于研究,笔耕不辍,成就非凡,但他的生命却始终充满诗意,“就是一首诗”。我们应从他的身上学习什么?请结合原文,谈谈你的看法。(8分)
第II卷表达题
五、语言文字运用(20分)
13.依次填入下列各句横线处的成语,最恰当的一组是(3分)()
(1)周末,菜市场里人流如潮,非常热闹,叫卖声、说话声、笑闹声。
(2)要想让“公务员热”真正实现降温,不是的事,简单依据考生人数下降来界定“公务员热”进入降温趋势,或许言之过早。
(3)在巴黎只有一周多的日程,过客匆匆,谈法国实在有侈谈之嫌,只能话巴黎,权且充作巴黎的印象点滴吧。
A.不绝如缕一蹴而就走马观花
B.不绝于耳一挥而就走马观花
C.不绝于耳一蹴而就浮光掠影
D.不绝如缕一挥而就浮光掠影
14.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是(3分)()
A.汽车限购令早已有许多传闻,非但没有为城市治堵,倒是激发了许多购车族的-,提前加入有车族,城市道路更加拥堵不堪。
B.刘良欢认为,既然相关部门已经针对打车软件带来的不公采取了措施,同理,该部门也应为打车软件带来的不诚信提供纠纷解决。
C.-《一九四二》以直面“遗忘”的方式,把人们带到了灾难现场,掀起了人们追忆历史的热潮。
D.针对今年春运期间旅客流量大、交通繁忙的情况,首都机场将加强航站楼前交通管理,加大楼前违章停放车辆的拖移和处罚力度。
15.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是(3分)()
从中世纪开始,器乐统治了西方将近四百年,致使整个近现代都成了器乐的天下。,。,千百年来被分隔在世界各个局部地域的歌唱,开始得以在整个世界中流传,并有可能光荣地进入音乐的史册。
①随着黑人布鲁斯的兴起,歌曲重新回到了音乐的主流地位
②而器乐的发展开始呈现缓慢和僵化的局面
③而歌曲只占据非常可怜的仆人地位
④而由于这个歌唱世纪的推动
⑤它的发展是迅速的、惊人的、幅员广大的、波澜壮阔的⑥因此我们或可以把二十世纪称为歌唱的世纪
A.①⑤②⑥③④B.③①②⑥⑤④
C.①②⑥⑤④③D.③①⑤②⑥④
16.在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句,使整段文字语意完整连贯,内容贴切,逻辑严密。(5分)
水样的沈从文用水浇灌了他水样的作品。沈从文,这条湘西的清水征服了峭岩,①,滴穿了磐石;托起了白浪滩头的乌篷船,润泽了苍崖翠壁间的杜鹃花,②。③,他的生活美如水,他的作品纯如水,他永远光鲜,永远芳醇,永远润泽世人。
17.我国传统的节气,不仅是身处纯自然的季节,更是生命的四季,四季的景致莫不附着生命的脉动。请你在“立春、惊蛰、清明、夏至、寒露、霜降、大雪”这几个节气中挑选两个,写两则节气的个人解读。要求意蕴确切,情感真挚,富有诗意,句式大致相近。(6分)
例如:大暑——热烈的极致,蝉歌如雨。
①节气:解读:
②节气:解读:
六、写作(60分)
18.阅读下面的材料,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。(60分)
上班、下班,上课、下课,睡着了、又醒来……我们以为生活本身就是这样一件平淡无奇的事。情感也在岁月的洗刷下,变得更加一文不值,就如同一个老妇的衣箱底层、那套尘封已久、再无人问津的嫁衣。每天看着一出出你方唱罢我登场,你可能都不曾发现,还有一个穿插其中的龙套,叫细节。也唯有在看似空旷的舞台上,看见了它们,生活的深刻和丰富才可能变得一览无遗。
要求:立意明确,自定文体(诗歌除外);不要套作,不得抄袭。
参考答案
1.D(分析:A、B、C三项说的都是“古今诗歌意象、诗句之间”的关系,D项说的是古今诗歌作品之间的关系。)
2.B(分析:A项,原文说“形成关于中国诗歌史发展演变的整体观”,而不是“古典诗歌”,题干缩小范围;C项,原文说“有望在中国诗学领域拓展出一片边缘交叉的新垦地,形成一个新的分支学科”;D项,原文说“对优秀的-族文化传统进行创造性转化”,题干中针对的是“古典诗艺”。)
3.A(分析:A项原文第1段说“这种继承……而是在横向移植的外来参照之下的现代创造性转化”,而不是“对外作品进行现代创造性转化”;B项是对第2段第1句话的正确改写;C项是对第4、5段相关内容的正确转述或概括;D项是对3~5段内容的正确概括。)
4.C(释:消除。)
5.A(从句子的结构和意义上看,B项中的“因语以宗亲恩义”应从其所在的切分单位内断开出来;C项中的“同归”和D项中的“臣相亲狎”不可单独断开,应归并到其前面的切分单位内。)
6.B(“喜欢表现自己”,“知道后就向皇帝进言”,这两种情况都不对。是皇帝向他咨询时,他才表达自己看法的。)
7.(1)太宗命令中书令耶律楚材整顿各种政务,选拔有才能德行的人做辅佐官员,天麟也在其中,赐名蒙古台。(译出大意3分,“厘正”“贤能”两处,每译对一处给1分)
(2)何况臣见识才能都浅薄,年老力衰,哪里还能任职执政?恐怕徒然留给朝廷羞辱,臣不敢接受诏命。(译出大意3分,“年力衰惫”“徒”两处,每译对一处给1分)
8.开头两句从形象地描写雨后愚池的景物入手(2分)。渲染出一幅雨后天晴,残云飘散,阳光灿烂的清新明丽的景象(2分),照应了文题“雨后晓行”(1分)。
9.“临”和“惊”(各1分)。“临”字生动地写出了夜雨之后,池水上涨水面愈加开阔,高树下临愚池的景象(1分),突出了高树这个主体,与下句雨从高树上因风飘落联系更加密切;(1分)“惊”字运用比拟手法,(1分)生动地描写了高树宿雨,经晓风一吹,仿佛受惊而洒落的情景,含蓄地表现了诗人心境的宁静愉悦。(1分)
10.(1)朝菌不知晦朔蟪蛄不知春秋
(2)落霞与孤鹜齐飞秋水共长天一色
(3)实迷途其未远觉今是而昨非
(每句1分,共6分)
11.(1)AE(A项3分,E项2分,C项1分。C项,父母不识字只是部分原因且非主要原因。B项错在并无没有多处修辞手法。D项属于神态、动作描写,而非外貌描写。)
(2)开头话语描写的作用:①侧面描写写出了爹盼儿归的急切心情,如:你爹都来瞄几趟了。②照应题目“回家”如乡邻们见他热情地招呼。③交代谈话的地点“小商店”,照应后文“纸片片”邮递地点。(每点2分,共6分。本题比较简单,对话在文章的开头所以有“点题”的作用,“村口的小商店早早亮起了灯光”与下文的情节有照应,侧面烘托父亲盼儿归来的急切心情。)
(3)①疑惑与尴尬。“他愣住了”“他端起茶杯,猛喝了一口,却烫得直吐舌头。”②羞愧与自责,“他也跟着笑,肌肉却有些僵硬”“他感觉脸在发烫”。③感动与坚定。“他鼻子一酸”“明年过年,我们全家一定回来!”(每点2分,共6分。本题的回答要抓住“我”心理活动关键词,“愣住了”“跟着笑”“感觉脸在发烫”“鼻子一酸”。最后简单概括即可。)
(4)观点一:主旨是赞美父母对子女的理解和关爱。①儿子独自回来过年,父亲母亲依然很高兴。“爹拿眼去瞅儿子,嘿嘿地笑。”“爹悄无声息地从柜子里拿出一瓶酒来。”(娘说)“你爹是高兴啦。”②父母不希望儿子年年回家过年,希望这样能减轻儿子的负担。“你爹还说了,你以后也不要年年回了。爹妈知道你们在城里的难处,喝口凉水都要花钱买。回来一趟,这七大姑八大姨的,你不容易啊……”③满足于儿孙在过年时能寄个卡片表达问候。“你爹娘没有啥本事,出门在外都靠你自个勤扒苦做的——以后逢年过节,给俺们寄个纸片片啥的就行了。省俩钱儿,好给咱的蛋蛋上大学……”
观点二:主旨是表现在外打拼的孩子不能经常关爱父母的愧疚之情。①儿子回家过年才突然发现父亲的苍老羸弱。“这一瞬间,他才突然发现,儿时印象中无所不能的父亲,竟然如此的瘦小赢弱。”②儿子平时无法回家,也很少给家里写信问候父母。和儿子一起写明信片的事情也网诸脑后。③听到母亲劝自己过年不要回来的劝告,很难过并决心要改正错误。
(答出主旨给2分,另外答出一点可得2分,打出3点可得6分。如有其它答案,根据观点明确、理由充分、论述合理的程度,酌情给分。本题的回答具有开放性,考生要在读懂文本的基础上联系现实来回答,注意答题时,观点要鲜明,条理要清楚,不能脱离文本。)
12.(1)BC(答C给3分,答B给2分,答A给1分;答D、E不给分。A最初热心于旧体诗词,语言浑成,意境高远。但林先生感到写旧体诗词难以跳出古人的窠臼,后来决定改写新诗。D林先生标举“少年精神”“建安风骨”“盛唐气象”,与对包括诗歌在内的文学艺术具有敏锐的感受力无因果联系。E“遗憾之情”的对象错误,原文说的是“我还为缺少理想主义、英雄主义和浪漫主义而遗憾”。)
(2)①他研究古典诗歌的目的是寻求创作的经验及诗歌形式发展的规律。②他对包括诗歌在内的文学艺术有敏锐的感受力。③他长于文学史的总体把握和宏观研究。(对一点给2分。解答本题要从原文找到题干涉及的信息区域,从中分析出林庚先生学术研究取得非凡成就的三个原因,注意到原文中起暗示作用的关键词句“正是因为他抱着这样的目的”“并且”“就古典文学研究而言”,就可以轻松作了回答。)
(3)①致力于把握现代生活和现代汉语的新节奏,并创造性地将中国诗歌的-族形式运用到新诗的写作之中。②他的学术研究独具慧眼,成就非凡。③为人清高,艺术趣味高雅,学风严谨灵活,有一股朴茂纯真的灵气。(对一点给2分。既然题干问的是“诗歌魅力、学术魅力与人格魅力的交融”中的“魅力”何在,那就要抓住“魅力”在“诗歌”“学术”“人格”三个方面的体现,从原文找到相关的语句,加以概括整合就可以正确作答。)
(4)观点一:人生作为都指向青春,理想和美,有追求,潇洒自如,诗意生存。
理由:①林先生自幼心理埋下诗的种子,一生坚持诗歌创作,诗意新颖,意识现代,语言浅显而含义深邃;②林先生的学术研究交融着他的人格魅力,始终保持着青年人的朝气和活力;③诗人的气质、风骨和学者的胸襟、追求完美统一在林先生身上。
观点二:-远瞩,孜孜以求,执著探索,精神永驻,生命如诗。
理由:①林先生首先是诗人,一生心系诗歌,由旧体诗到新诗,勤于创作,不断探索,诗歌贯穿生命始终;②学术研究独具慧眼,学风严谨又灵活,一生笔耕不辍,奋斗如诗;③讲坛上才华横溢,诗人风度,吸引考生,教学出色;离去潇洒从容,生命最后的遗憾也诗意。
(观点明确给2分;论述合理、理由充分,给6分。其中观点明确,理由只要答出三点即可得满分。解答此题,要紧紧围绕原文标题和关键语句作答。不要求面面俱到,只要能就以上任何一种观点或其他观点进行探究,即可根据观点是否明确、论述是否合理、理由是否充分酌情给分。)
13.C(不绝如缕:像细线一样连着,差点儿就要断了,多用来形容局势危急或声音细微悠长,这里的语境是说“非常热闹”,矛盾。不绝于耳:声音在耳边不断鸣响。一蹴而就:踏一步就成功,形容事情轻而易举,一下子就能完成。一挥而就:形容才思敏捷,一动笔就写成。从语境意义上看,第二空应选“一蹴而就”。走马观花:比喻粗略地观察事物。浮光掠影:比喻印象不深刻,好像水面的光和掠过的影子一样,一晃就消逝。从语境意义上看,第三控应选“浮光掠影”。)
14.C(A项中途易辙,“提前”前加“他们”;B项宾语残缺,“纠纷解决”后加“的途径”;D项“加大”和“拖移”搭配不当。)
15.D(连贯的题目应注意时空语序、逻辑语序、陈述对象一致、句子结构对称等问题,答题是先确定某几组句子肯定是挨着的,据此排除其它选项,然后总体审查。整个材料是在说歌曲的发展过程,器乐时代歌曲的地位很低,所以③紧承前面,然后说歌曲的迅猛发展①⑤②⑥,最后④是歌曲时代的形成。)
16.①冲破了荆丛②播扬了吊脚楼头的千古情歌③他的为人清如水(根据前后句式和意义的提示,写出一句,给1分;写出两句,给3分;写出三句,给5分)
17.参考示例:①立春——开春的节日,鸟语花香;
②惊蛰——第一声蛙鸣,唤醒沉睡的大地。
(每题3分,共6分;每题意蕴解读正确、富有诗意2分,形式大致相近1分)
18.这是一篇材料作文,有话题的要求,审题时方向就更明确了,核心词汇是“细节”。细读材料,发现有一个关键语句,“也唯有在看似空旷的舞台上,看见了它们,生活的深刻和丰富才可能变得一览无遗”。可以得出结论,“细节”与“生活的深刻和丰富”相关,所以类似“细节决定成败”的立意是不准确的。应关注从细微处发现深刻,即“以小见大”。
【参考译文】
石天麟字天瑞,顺州人。十四岁时,入朝觐见太宗,因而留任宿卫。天麟好学不倦,对于各国文字书籍无不学习。太宗命令中书令耶律楚材整顿各种政务,选拔有才能德行的人做辅佐官员,天麟也在其中,赐名蒙古台。宗宗征讨西域,任命天麟为断事官。
宪宗六年,派遣天麟出使海都,海都拘留了他很久,后来守边的将领劫持皇子北安王前往海都处,暂居在天麟的住所。天麟逐渐与海都的执政大臣相亲近,因而告谕他们宗族相亲的道理,以及臣子去逆归顺避祸求福的道理,海都听到后懊悔感悟,于是遣送天麟和北安王一同返回。天麟被海都拘留二十八年,终得以返回,世祖大喜,赏赐他甚为优厚。任命他为中书左丞,兼断事官,天麟推辞说:“臣出使没有功绩,幸而蒙陛下赦免不杀我,怎么可以再求荣宠?何况臣见识才能都浅薄,年老力衰,哪里还能任职执政?恐怕徒然留给朝廷羞辱,臣不敢接受诏命。”世祖赞许他的诚恳,褒奖慰劳许久,终于同意他辞职。
有人诬告丞相安童曾经接受过海都的官爵,世祖很恼怒,天麟上奏说:“海都是皇室宗族,虽偶尔有不顺的言谕,却不能与仇敌相比,安童不拒绝海都的官爵,是要解开他的疑心,引导他以臣子顺从君主。”世祖的愤怒终于平息下来。江南地区的道观,偶尔藏有宋朝皇帝的遗像,有位僧人素来与道士互相仇恨,揭发了这件事,准备对道士处以极刑,世祖将此事询问天麟,天麟说:“辽国皇帝皇后在西京的铜像,至今还有保留的,没有听说有禁令。”事情于是作罢。天麟七十余岁时,世祖将自己用的金龙头拐杖赐给他,说:“卿年老了,出入宫廷,可以拄着此杖。”当时权臣执政,气焰嚣张,没有人敢说话。唯独天麟指出他的-,无所顾忌,人们都佩服天麟的忠诚正直。
成宗皇帝即位,加封他为荣禄大夫、司徒,成宗在玉德殿举行盛大宴会,召天麟参加宴会,赐给他皇帝用的药,命令左右向他敬酒,颇有醉意,成宗命令用自己的车子送他回家。武宗皇帝即位,进官平章政事。至大二年秋八月去世,享年九十二岁。赠予推诚宣力保德翊戴功臣、开府仪同三司、太师、上柱国,追封冀国公,谥号忠宣。
儿子石珪,历官治书侍御史,改任枢密副使,复任侍御史,任河南行中书省右丞,升为荣禄大夫、南台御史中丞,去世。二儿子石怀都,最初承袭官职为断事官,屡次升迁后任刑部尚书、荆湖北道宣抚使。孙子哈蓝赤,袭职为断事官。
高二下学期期末语文试卷
第三篇:高二下学期英语期末复习100题及答案
高二下学期英语期末复习100题
1.She left him, _________ never _________ foot in that house again.A.determined, to set B.being determined, to put C.determining, to set D.determined, place 2.The population of this city, forty percent of which _________, _________ 15% in the last three years.A.are Germans, has risen by B.are Germen, has fallen by C.is Germans, have increased to D.is Germans, have been reduced by 3.It is the protection for the trees _________ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.A.what B.that C.不填 D.which 4.The two sides have finally _________, though some small differences still exist.A.made a decision B.reached an agreement 5.Elephants would _________ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.A.die down B.die out C.die from D.die of 6.He can't find his umbrella.He must have _________ it on the bus.A.lost B.left C.forgotten D.put 7.Once lost, _________.A.it is said to get such a chance again B.one can never get such a chance again C.such a chance will never come again D.to get such a chance will be difficult 8.The fact puzzled Jack much _________ he has been unable to pass the driving test up to now.A.why B.because C.how D.that 9.After the Anti-terrorist War, the American soldiers retuned home, _________.A.safe but tired B.safely but tired C.safe and tiring D.safely and tiring 10.The highway _________ to the city is under repair now.A.leads B.led C.to lead D.leading 11.Charles Babbage is generally considered _________ the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented 12.He turned and went to sleep again, _________ that it was still early.A.to think B.and thought C.thinking D.though 13.She reached the top of the bill and stopped _________ on a big rock by the side of the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest 14.—Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? —_________ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.A.Get B.Getting C.To get D.To be 15.She looks forward every spring to _________ the flower garden.A.visiting B.visit C.paying a visit D.visited 16.About five hundred years ago, a lot of people went to North America _________ gold.A.to dig B.digging C.to dig for D.for digging 17.The students, _________ at the way the questions were put, didn't know the answers to them.A.they being surprised B.surprised C.their being surprised D.then surprised 18.After seeing the movie, _________.A.the book was read by him B.the book made him want to read it C.he wanted to read the book D.the reading of the book interested him 19.I can't understand _________ at the poor child.A.you to laugh B.you laugh C.why laugh D.your laughing
20.There was so much noise that the speaker couldn't make himself _________.A.hearing B.to hear C.heard D.being heard 21.Mr.Smith announced _________ that he would retire next week.A.us by B.to us C.for us D.by us 22.A seniors' lodge is a special kind of accommodation _________ older people live in small apartments with no kitchens.A.which B.who C.where D.when 23.John told me that _________.A.he returned the book to library tomorrow B.he had returned the book to the library the day before C.I will returned the book to the library the afternoon before D.I returned the book to the library the afternoon before 24._________ is traditional diets that often have too much fat and too many calories for the 21st-century person.A.It B.There C.This D.Which 25._________ was almost daybreak when my father came back from work.A.Then B.The time C.That D.It 26.When first introduced _________ the market, these products enjoyed great success.A.at B.on C.in D.to 27.She remembered the times _________ she was a little girl and she would go to Grandma's house for summer holiday.A.when B.during how C.where D.which 28.Tom asked me _________.A.whether I knew when he will be back B.if I knew when he would be back C.if I knew when he will be back
D.that I knew when he would be back 29.It was _________ late into the night that they stopped their work.A.not until
B.until C.till D.not 30.Do you know the reason _________ Tom gave for not attending the lecture? A.why B.for what C.that D.because 31.Some inventions _________ the basic forces of nature.For example, the light bulb beat out darkness.A.knew B.fought C.overcame D.struggled 32.She rarely _________ in any of the discussions.A.takes B.participates C.attends D.looks 33.Research has shown that people long ago _________ to live together in a small number of related groups or clans.A.tended B.expected C.attempted D.desired
34.If you have invented something, you can get a(n)_________ for it.A.right B.money C.honor D.patent 35.Water _________ at the Three Gorges Reservoir is the world's largest control project.A.flow B.prevention C.storage D.supply 36.The _________ of touch is controlled by the left side of the brain.A.sense B.feeling C.awareness D.consciousness 37._________ as he was, Peter tried to finish all the housework that day.A.Disappointed B.Discouraged C.Awoken D.Tired 38.In a book describing the sea trade between China, India, and Western Asia, a compass is used to _________ with navigation.A.direct B.assist C.conduct D.instruct 39.The mother looked through every email searching for her daughter's secret.A lawyer settled the _________ by telling the mother her behavior was illegal.A.question B.way C.matter D.incident
40.They are taking steps to _________ the rabbit population.A.keep down B.break away from C.keep off D.get round to 41.Many world-famous businessmen attended this trade _________.A.show B.exhibition C.fair D.market 42.It was so _________ to hear the news that I could not go to the park.A.disappointing B.exciting C.disappointed D.interesting 43.When we move to a new place, we have to _________ to the new environment.A.change B.accustomed C.join D.adjust 44.There is a beach which can only be _________ from the sea.A.accessible B.accessory C.possible D.disable 45.As young people, we have to study hard and try to make a _________ to our country.A.illustration B.instruction C.contribution D.publication 46.“I wish I _________ have much more money.” The beggar said to himself.A.would B.will C.must D.can 47.—Why is Jack always playing? —He has no _________ of time.A.sense B.idea C.effect D.feeling 48.Popular music is liked by many people, but it is not to everyone's _________.A.manners B.share C.smell D.taste 49.Not only _________ able to drive a car, but also _________ able to drive a plane.A.he was;he was B.was he;was he C.was he;he was D.he was;was he 50.The young singer is good at singing popular songs, _________ voice sounds _________.A.who;top B.whose;sweet C.whom;beautiful D.whose;high 51.The mother often tells her son to be a good boy, warning him to _________ trouble.A.hold back from B.keep out of C.break away from D.get rid of 52.Seize the chance, _________ you will regret it.A.even if B.so long as C.and D.otherwise 53.All the children _________ the school play.A.were involved in B.were involving in C.involved at D.were involved at 54.The _________ of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency.A.usage B.application C.appliance D.apply 55.I _________ for an hour on my way to the airport.A.got stuck to traffic B.stuck to traffic C.got stuck in a traffic D.got stuck in traffic 56.—Why ask me to take that early bus? —Because that bus _________ the 9:30 a.m.train at Boston.A.joins to B.joins up C.unites with D.connects with 57.Jim likes playing football _________ with other students in his class.A.in a common B.on common C.of common D.in common 58.Shall we make a change today? I'm getting _________ eating in this restaurant.A.fond of B.interested in C.tired of D.angry at 59.After a length discussion, the experts finally _________ up with suggestions for solving the water pollution.A.gave B.set C.came D.caught 60.Having a trip abroad is certainly, good for the old couple, but it remains _________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen 61.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _________ the sailing time was 226 days.A.of which B.during which C.from which D.for which
62.It will take you half an hour to get to the station, _________ traffic delays.A.allowing for B.and allow for C.allowing of D.and allow of 63.Whenever I speak to him, _________ was fairly often, he would talk on and on without giving me a chance to speak.A.which B.what C.that D.when 64.Is this hotel _________ offered you a job _________ you stayed the first time you arrived here? A.which;where B.the one;in which C.where;that D.the one that;where 65.I can think of many cases _________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good sentence.A.why B.which C.as D.where 66.________ I know, Bush leads by 2 votes in the election campaign.A.As far as B.As long as C.As much as D.As many as 67.Think of a situation _________ you can show off your beautiful new dress.A.that B.where C.when D.how 68.It's useless _________ a person with a heart of stone for mercy.A.to beg B.to ask C.begging D.asking 69.We are not allowed _________ photos in the museum.A.to take B.takes C.taking D.take 70.We don't allow _________ in our house.A.to smoke B.smokes C.smoking D.smoke 71.It was a story with a happy ending.Antonio was saved _________.A.in the end B.at the end C.by the end D.to the end 72.Another man _________ for the big star in the dangerous scenes.A.stands by B.stands for C.stands in D.stands to 73.Don't act in this way any more, or you _________ be punished.A.will B.would C.should D.shall 74.—He didn't attend the meeting today.—Sorry, I _________ have told him about it yesterday, but I forgot about it.A.will B.would C.should D.shall 75.He asked me _________, I think, _________ the winner.A.who, is B.who, will be C.whom, would be D.who, would be 76.—It's raining.—Raining? But nothing can _________ me _________ to the concert given by Zhou Jielun.A.stop, to go B.prevent, going C.prevent, to go D.keep, from go 77._________ surprised me most is _________ he was elected President.A.What, that B.That, what C.What, / D.That, that 78.He should give back the money on time._________ he is a rich man. A.After all B.But C.And D.However 79.If you _________ the doctor's advice, you _________ quite all right now.A.followed, were B.had followed, would be C.had followed, would have been D.followed, would be 80.Remember to give it back to me on time, _________ I can lend it to you.A.in case B.in this case C.in case of D.in case that 81.It might be cold at sea, you'd better bring more clothes _________.A.in case B.in this case C.in case of D.in case that 82.Be calm, sir.Of course I will pass judgment him, bum before that may I ask you to _________ mercy _________ him? A.to, show, to B.on, show, to C.on, have, to D.to, have, on
83.When everyone _________, the host declared the start of the meeting.A.was sitting B.was seated C.was seating D.was sat 84.If you go on telling lies like this, you won't be treated _________.A.anymore B.any longer C.no more D.no longer 85.He was lying in bed, with his hands _________ under his head, lost in thought.A.crossing B.crossed C.cross D.to cross 86.It _________ around 9 o'clock when I drove back home because it was already dark.A.had to be B.was to be C.must have been D.must be 87.If we had been more careful, we _________ much better results now.A.got B.would be getting C.had got D.would have got 88.—There's coffee and tea;you can have _________.—Thanks.A.either B.each C.one D.it 89.Don't be afraid of asking for help _________ it is needed.A.unless B.since C.although D.when 90.He forgot to turn off the tap and left the water _________ the whole morning.A.run B.ran C.to run D.running 91.—How far apart do they live? —_________ I know, they live in the same neighborhood.A.As long as B.As far as C.As well as D.As often as 92.We can see a lot of people doing morning exercises in the park even _________ a cold morning.A.on B.in C.at D.during 93._________ the houses were flooded after the rain.A.A great deal of B.A great many C.A great many of D.The number of 94.The doctor's advice is that the patient _________ about his real physical condition.A.be not told B.not be told C.will not be told D.must not be told 95.She found her calculator _________ she lost it.A.in which B.when C.where D.that 96.Is there a shop around _________ I can get a pack of cigarettes? A.which B.that C.where D.what 97.News reports say peace talks between the two countries _________ with no agreement reached.A.have broken out B.have broken in C.have broken down D.have broken up 98.Boris has brains.In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _________ IQ.A.a high B.a higher C.the higher D.the highest 99.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _________.A.has grown B.is growing C.grew D.had grown 100.The Great Wall is the last place _________ Mr.Smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing.A./ B.which C.where D.what 101.It was at the school gate _________ he told me a secret.A.there B.that C.where D.at which 102.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _________ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A.should B.can C.must D.will 103.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _________ with each other.A.they had quarreled B.they have quarreled C.have they quarreled D.had they quarreled 104.Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we've decided to stay for _________ two weeks.A.another B.other C.the other D.other's
105.We're safer in a train than we would be if we _________ any other way.A.traveled B.had traveled C.travel D.have traveled 106.If you are not careful enough, there will be another accident _________ for you sooner or later.A.in ruins B.in a minute C.in store D.in a hurry 107.They _________ the weekly boat for their supplies.A.relied on B.were relied C.were relied upon D.have relied 108.This was the period when Einstein first began the research and studies which _________ his famous Theory of Relativity.A.led in B.led into C.led on D.led to 109._________ many young people, he is fond of watching football matches.A.In common with B.In common C.Common ground D.Out of the common 110.Hope all your Christmas dreams _________.A.come across B.come out C.come true D.come back 111.When we _________ in Beijing, it was already dark. A.set foot B.set off C.set out D.set forth 112.The monitor _________ the trip so well that we all enjoyed ourselves very much.A.is mapped out B.mapped out C.took out D.work out 113.The vegetables should be _________ into small pieces and dropped into the boiling water.A.cut down B.cut away C.cut off D.cut up 114.His name _________ whenever the matter of nuclear energy was discussed.A.came up B.came up with C.came u for D.came up to 115.The boy climbed _________ to the top of the tree.A.in a way B.on the way C.all the way D.in the way 116.You are a League member, so you should _________ the others.A.for example B.take for example C.set an example to D.set an example of 117.I will lend you the money _________ you pay it back in one month.A.on condition that B.on condition C.on this condition D.in condition 118.Does it _________ to let little children play with matches? A.make sure B.make it C.make sense D.make faces 119.The teacher _________ that the problem was very important.A.pointed at B.pointed to C.pointed out D.pointed 120.They fought bravely and _________ the enemy out of their country.A.drove B.put C.caused D.turned 121.While he talked, we all took notes _________ what he said.A.with B.in C.of D.for 122.We had a party _________ honour _________ the visiting headmaster.A.in;to B.on;of C.with;in D.in;of 123.I am _________ tell you my daughter has been accepted by Beijing University.A.pride in B.pride of C.proud to D.proud of 124.We have made agreements _________ them on the price of building materials.A.at B.in C.about D.with 125._________ she was a little girl, she has been interested in music.A.Ever since B.Ever after C.Ever before D.Ever when 126.I _________ when I spelt a word in a crossword puzzle.A.become trapping B.got sticking C.got struck D.got stuck
127.Modem music like jazz has broken _________ the old traditional rules.A.away from B.down C.out D.off from 128.The only way Jim could solve the maths problem was by means of _________.A.on trial B.to trial C.trial and error D.trial of strength 129._________ the numbers in employment the service industry is the first industry in our town.A.In the short time B.In the long time C.In no uncertain terms D.In terms of 130.Can I have with you? I just got _________ that she will be back in a few days.A.a word;the word B.words;word C.word: a word D.a word;word 131.We will meet at the _________ place.A.usual B.ordinary C.common D.general 132.He is _________ to finish the work ahead of time.A.possible B.possibly C.probable D.likely 133.He comes a manager but he works _________ a worker.A.as;as B.as;like C.like;like D.like;as 134.What _________ do you mean? A.on the earth B.on earth C.in the earth D.on the world 135.The rescue team made every _________ to find the missing mountain climber.A.force B.energy C.effort D.possibility 136.It's not fair to judge people _________ their appearance.A.for B.in C.of D.by 137.—How do you _________ we go to Beijing for our holidays? —I think we'd better fly there.It's much more comfortable.A.insist B.want C.suppose D.suggest 138.I'm _________ sorry for what has happened.A.deep B.deeply C.deepen D.deepened 139.The rocket will travel to Mars _________ a speed of over 25,000 miles per hour.A.of B.by C.at D.in 140.We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _________.A.heavily B.strongly C.hardly D.badly 141.Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _________ poor.A.proves B.remains C.maintains D.continues with 142.He _________ his hands from the cold by wearing gloves.A.protected B.defended C.guarded D.provided 143.Our government has _________ strong to bring down the price.A.had;measure B.used;ways C.taken;measures D.carried;method 144.He accidentally _________ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn't been home for a couple of weeks.A.let out B.took care C.made sure D.made out 145.American English is a little___ from British English.That's to say, there are some _________ between them.A.different;difference B.difference;different C.differ;different D.different;differences
参考答案
1-5:AABBB 6-10:BCDAD 11-15:CCCCA 16-20:CBCDC 21-25:BCBAD 26-30:DABAC 31-35:CBADC 36-40:ADBCA 41-45:CADAC 46-50:AADCB 51-55:BDABD 56-60:DDCCB 61-65:AAADD 66-70:ABCAC 71-75:ACDCD 76-80:BAABB 81-85:ABBAB 86-90:CDADD 91-95:BACBC 96-100:CCBCA 101-105:BBCAA 106-110:CADAC 111-115:ABDAC 116-120:CACCA 121-125:CDCDA 126-130:DACDD 131-135:ADBBC 136-140:DDBCA 141-145:BACAD
第四篇:高二政治月考试卷及答案解析
高二政治月考试卷
第Ⅰ卷选择题(共75分)
一、选择题(在每小题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的。每小题3分,共
75分)
泰山石刻被国务院批准列入第五批全国重点文物保护单位,泰山石刻、碑刻如同一部绵延几千年不灭的石书,让现代旅游者在泰山游览中领略到历史和多彩的文化,一股自豪感油然而生。据此回答1-2题。
1.古人寄情于“泰山石刻”是因为()
A.人们的精神活动离不开物质活动,精神产品离不开物质载体
B.文化就是石刻内容,泰山石是物质载体
C.文化是人类社会特有的现象
D.文化能够在人们认识世界的过程中转化为物质力量
2.泰山石刻被国务院批准列为第五批全国重点文物保护单位,其目的是保护这一历史文化遗产,保护这一遗产的意义是()
①能够展现中华民族历史文化成就② 有利于中华民族历史文化的传承和发展
③可以研究中华文明的演进④可以完全展现世界文化的多样性,促进文化交流
A.①②③④B.①②③C.①②D.①②④
3.“亲,你还在犹豫什么,赶紧下手吧!”这是京东等网上商城用当下流行的网络语言打出的广告语。不仅如此,更多的网络语言在我们生活中正被广泛使用。这说明()①网络语言正潜移默化地影响人们生活②网络语言对人们的影响是深远持久的 ③人们接受文化的影响往往是被动的④文化影响人们的交往行为和交往方式
A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④
4.“企业文化是企业腾飞的翅膀”,现在越来越多的企业正是借助于企业文化这一翅膀实现了大跨越、大发展。这主要是由于()
A.文化对人的影响是潜移默化和深远持久的B.文化与政治相互交融,有利于实现企业民主管理
C.和谐的企业文化是全体员工团结进步的重要精神支撑
D.文化与经济相互影响,必然推动企业的发展繁荣
5.近100年的发展实践证明,辛亥革命作为一次革命运动和重大政治事件,影响了整个20世纪中
1国的历史进程,也带来了20世纪中国的思想大解放。据此,以下判断正确的是()
A.思想运动往往催生社会变革,促进文化发展
B.社会实践是文化创新的必然要求和前进动力
C.接受新文化和外来文化才能促进民族文化的发展
D.革命斗争和社会制度变革是文化发展的必由之路
6.“不知道过去什么情况,就不懂得现在要干什么,更没法展翅未来。”从文化的角度,这句话启示我们()
①对待传统文化必须批判继承,“取其精华,去其糟粕” ②漠视对传统文化的继承,民族文化的创新就会失去根基 ③弘扬和培育民族精神,必须继承和发扬中华民族的优良传统 ④弘扬和培育民族精神,必须与弘扬时代精神相结合A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③
7.我们在电视上赞叹日本的“织巧节”和韩国的“孟兰盆节”保持了原汁原味的文化传统,却忽视了礼仪之邦的中国才是它们的起源之地;在艳羡西方载歌载舞数日不眠的狂欢节时,却不知“东风夜放花千树,一夜鱼龙舞”的元宵节恰恰是我国的狂欢节。这说明()
A.民族节日传播的重要性B.中国节日比外国节日更优秀更科学
C.我国民族传统节日继承的重要性D.外国节日比中国节日更科学更优秀
8.微博在汇聚民众智慧的同时,也可能成为谣言散布的途径。从传播学的角度看,事件越重要、事实越不清楚,传播的就越快越广,谣言的危害也就越大,“谣言=(事件的)重要性×(事件的)模糊性×公众的判断能力。”因此,当有重要事件发生时()
①大众应避免盲从,要有理性判断②传媒应承担社会责任,防止消息扩散
③个人应尽快传播,自由行使权利④政府应及时发布信息,谣言止于公开
A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④
9.由张艺谋、王潮歌、樊跃“印象铁三角”组合最新导演创作的印象系列第六部作品《印象普陀》,在浙江普陀揭开全球首演的帷幕。印象系列的六部作品虽同冠“印象”之名,但每一部都风格迥异,凝聚着不同地域浓烈、深刻的文化特色和独树一帜的气质、风韵。从《文化生活》角度看,这是因为()
A.中华文化所特有的求同存异、兼收并蓄的包容性
B.各具特色的民族文化使世界文化五彩缤纷、丰富多彩
C.尊重文化多样性,首先要尊重、培育、发展好本民族文化
D.不同的区域、不同的自然环境,有不同的文化特征 10.袁隆平先生在从事杂交水稻研究的半个世纪里,不畏艰难,甘于奉献,呕心沥血,苦苦追求,为解决中国人的吃饭问题做出了重大贡献。他的事迹告诉我们()
A.勤劳勇敢是中华民族精神的核心B.爱国主义不是抽象的,而是具体的C.民族精神是民族文化的结晶D.知识分子是弘扬民族精神的主体
11.今秋新学期开学,全国2.2亿中小学生将继续通过收看视频节目的方式,共上《开学第一课》,并以主题班会的辅助形式,思考“我们应该怎样爱国”。之所以要这样做是因为爱国主义()①是中华民族精神核心②是我国各族人民风雨同舟、自强不息的精神支柱③可以直接推动中华民族走向繁荣富强④爱国主义不是抽象的,是具体的A.①②B.②③C.①③D.②④
12.近年来,社会上出现的一些对古典名著、历史事件、优秀人物的“恶搞”,因迎合了某些人的阴暗心理,一出笼便受到推崇,以至于无处不有,泛滥成灾。面对我国文化市场和大众传媒快速发展的过程中出现的这些消极现象()
①国家要严格限制文化市场和大众传媒快速发展②国家应加强科学管理、正确引导
③消费者在消费文化产品时要提高辨别能力④文化经营者要不断提高职业道德
A.①②③B.②④C.①③④D.②③④
13.社会主义市场经济的发展,催生了许多富有时代气息的思想道德观念。与此同时,落后文化、腐朽文化也利用市场经济的弱点,侵袭人们的思想、败坏人们的道德观念。这说明()
A.社会主义思想道德体系与社会主义市场经济是对立的B.搞市场经济必然导致人们思想道德水平的下降
C.社会主义市场经济越发展,越需要不断丰富社会主义思想道德的内容
D.要提高人们的思想道德水平,就不能发展社会主义市场经济
14.图书漂流起源于上世纪60年代的欧洲,读书人将自己读完的书,随意放在公共场所,捡拾这本书的人可取走阅读,读完后再将其放回公共场所,让下一位读者阅读,继续进行图书漂流。图书漂流活动()
A.是文化传播的主要途径B.超越时空对文化传播的局限
C.有利于尊重文化的多样性D.促进了文化传播与交流
15.《大学》中说:“正心修身齐家治国平天下。”“欲平天下者必先治其国,欲治其国者必先齐其家,欲先齐家者必先修己身,欲先修身者必先正其心。”这表明()
A.加强知识文化修养和思想道德修养是一个永无止境的过程
B.思想道德的差异反映了人们的世界观、人生观、价值观的差异
C.只有在不断改造主观世界的过程中,追求更高的思想道德目标,才会有所成就
D.只要具有较高的思想道德修养水平,就能治理国家、平定天下
16.当前,我国社会主义文化更加繁荣,同时人民精神文化需求日趋旺盛,推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的根本要求和根本保证是()
A.坚持先进文化的前进方向B.坚持发展人民大众喜闻乐见的文化
C.对全体公民加强社会公德教育D.培育有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民
17.在第34届世界遗产大会上,河南登封“天地之中”历史建筑群被成功列入《世界遗产名录》,成为河南省继龙门石窟、安阳殷墟之后的第三处世界文化遗产。世界文化遗产的确定,既能促进中国传统文化的保护、开发和利用,丰富人们的精神文化生活,也能大大促进当地旅游经济的发展。由此可见()
A.文化对经济的发展具有重要影响B.文化与经济发展同步前进
C.文化对经济发展具有促进作用D.文化与经济相互决定、相互影响
18.现实生活中,哲学往往被一些人忽视,“哲学不能带来钱”成了他们的思维定势。一位著名哲学家揶揄地说:“当年马克思撰写《哲学的贫困》,如今则出现了‘贫困的哲学’。”但事实证明一个轻视理论思维的民族是不会有光明的未来的。这是因为()
A.哲学源于生活,高于生活,其任务就是揭示具体事物发展的规律
B.哲学只是关于世界观的学说
C.哲学是对人们实践活动的概括和总结
D.哲学能够为人们的实践活动提供世界观和方法论的指导
19.中共中央发出的《关于进一步繁荣发展哲学社会科学的意见》指出,要加强哲学社会科学传统学科、新兴学科和交叉学科的建设。要推进哲学社会科学与自然科学的交叉渗透,推进哲学社会科学不同学科之间的交叉渗透。由此可见()
①具体科学是哲学的基础,哲学随着具体科学的发展而发展②哲学和具体科学是紧密联系、互相渗透的③哲学是系统化、理论化的世界观④哲学是人们对整个世界以及人与世界关系的根本观点,对具体科学具有指导作用
A.②④B.①②C. ②③D.③④
20.有人对“白马非马”进行了三点论证:一是强调“马”、“白”、“白马”分别是动物、颜色和
一种动物加一种颜色,三者各不相同,所以“白马非马”。二是强调“马”包括一切马,不管其颜色的区别。“白马”只包括白马,有颜色区别,外延不同,所以白马非马。三是强调,“马姓名班级准考证号座位 作为马”与“白马作为白马”不同,所以白马非马。这三点论证是()①唯心主义观点②形而上学的观点③唯物主义观点④辩证的观点A.①③B.①④C.①②D.②④ 21.“天上的一切星宿,地上的一切陈设,总之,构成大宇宙的一切物体,在心灵以外没有任何存在;它们的存在就是被感知或被知道。”下列选项中与以上说法相一致的是()A.上帝造人B.形存则神存,形谢则神灭C.气者,理之依也D.万物运动皆为心动22.习近平同志在中央党校秋季学期开学典礼上的讲话中指出,马克思主义为人类社会提供了最科学、最完整、最严谨的世界观和方法论。下列能够体现马克思主义哲学完整性的是()A.以新的实践观为基础B.形成了唯物辩证的自然观和唯物辩证的历史观 C.是世界观和方法论的统一D.建立了百科全书式的完备的知识体系 23.2010年举办上海世博会,是党中央、国务院站在新的历史起点上,根据中国经济社会发展的新形势、新任务,从实践科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的总体要求出发,作出的一项重大决策。这体现了()A.物质与意识不可分B.思维是对存在的正确反映 C.哲学的基本问题是思维与存在何者为本原D.物质是本原的,意识是派生的 24.范氏之亡者,百姓有得钟者,欲负而走,则钟大不可负;以椎毁之,钟况然有音,恐人闻之而夺已也,遽掩其耳。恶人闻之,可也;恶己自闻之,悖矣!----《吕氏春秋·自知》 从哲学的角度看,与下列材料寓意相符的是()A.天行有常,不为尧存,不为桀亡B.心外无物,天下无一物非吾度内者C.不知周之梦为蝴蝶与,蝴蝶之梦为周与D.若在理上看,则虽未有物,而已有物之理25.改革开放的30多年是中国特色社会主义理论体系形成与发展的30年。中国特色社会主义理论体系是马克思主义中国化的最新成果,是党最可宝贵的政治和精神财富。由此可见()A.哲学都是自己时代的精神上的精华B.哲学是时代进步的助推器
C.中国特色社会主义理论体系是当今时代精神上的精华
D.真正的哲学是对具体科学的概括和总结
第Ⅱ卷非选择题(共25分)
26.材料:我拿什么吸引你的目光?
城市形象是一座城市的内在历史底蕴和外在品位特征的综合表现,是城市综合竞争力的集中体现。毋庸置疑,邯郸是一个有文化底蕴的城市,但这些年的经济发展、城市建设缺失文化元素,“就好比一个人的身体发育了,可脑袋还是小孩子的,很不协调。”
根据材料,运用《文化生活》知识,分析说明解决这一问题的重要性。(10分)
27.苹果公司成为目前全球市值最高的公司,也是美国第六家达到5000亿美元市值的公司。2011年8月初,苹果公司市值约3371亿美元,成为全球第一大上市公司,也是全球第一大IT公司。苹果公司不仅是卖产品,而且也是卖文化,卖生活方式。乔布斯专门创意了“Think Different”(另类思考)的广告语,一方面让消费者重新认识苹果,更重要的是激发公司员工的创新动力。苹果公司在产品设计时就专注于顾客的想法和需求,乔布斯一贯强调,苹果应该开发出酷毙了、顾客看一眼就会喜欢上的产品。
结合上述材料,运用《文化生活》有关知识,请你谈谈苹果公司的成功对推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣有哪些启示?(15分)
第五篇:八年政治下学期期末考试题及答案19
八年级政治下册期末测试卷
选择题部分(40分)
1.2007年1月5日,新疆公安机关捣毁“东伊运”(东突伊斯兰运动)的一处恐怖训练营,击毙
恐怖分子18名,捕获17名。在此之前,“东伊运”的主席买合苏木已被击毙。上述材料说明了()
①我国社会中还存在极少数破坏社会主义制度的敌对势力和敌对分子 ②我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家 ③与他们进行斗争,能确保人民当家作主的地位 ④我国是工人阶级领导的社会主
义国家
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
2.2006年8月,北京“天之骄子”小区的60余名业主因发现购买的房屋质量不好,在准备前往
朝阳区建委投诉时,在东三环主路阻断了4条车道,影响了交通秩序,被警察送进了看守所拘留
了5天。这段材料告诉我们()
①要在法律允许的范围内行使权利 ②要以合法的方式行使权利 ③要正确行使权利 ④公民在行
使权利时不得损害国家的、集体的利益
A.①②③④B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
3.手机给人们的工作和生活带来了诸多方便,但也有人利用手机偷拍他人隐私,发送侮辱、恐吓
信息等,给人们的生活带来了不少麻烦。新实施的《治安管理处罚法》将这些行为列入治安管理
处罚的范围。这表明()
①公民在行使权利时,不得损害其他公民合法的权利 ②公民行使权利应在法律允许的范围内 ③
公民行使权利要做到权利与义务的统一 ④公民发短信的权力不受任何限制
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
4.在世界著名的摩托罗拉公司,每花1美元在学习上,就可以连续3年每年提高数十美元的生产
力,一些员工通过学习,收入大幅提高。这充分说明了()
①接受教育能够增长才干,摆脱贫困 ②只要有知识,就一定能获得较高的收入 ③知识改变命运
④教育为人的幸福生活奠基
A.①②③④B.②④C.①③④D.①②③
5.新修订的《未成年人保护法》强调保障未成年人受教育的权利,提高未成年人的整体素质。对
此,我们青少年应该()
①用法律武器维护自己的受教育权 ②珍惜受教育的权利,履行受教育的义务 ③养成良好的学习
习惯,提高学习能力 ④不断提高和革新自己,用知识丰富自己的头脑
A.①②③④B.①②④C.①②③D.①③④
近年来,一些农村地区出现了初中生辍学率反弹,或学生“辍学不辍考”,流失到社会后,中考
时再回来参加考试以取得毕业证书的现象。流失到社会后大约有70%的学生外出打工或和父母在田
间劳动;约有30%的学生靠打牌、闲逛、上网、看不健康书籍来消磨时光。其中不少学生染上赌博、偷盗、打斗等不良习气,甚至走上违法犯罪之路。据此回答6—8题:
6.对于上述现象的看法,你认为不正确的是()
A.上学是自己的权利,是自己的事
B.这是没有珍惜受教育权利的表现
C.是对自己不负责任的表现
D.这是制约当前农村经济发展的重要原因
7.对造成上述现象的原因认识正确的是()
①没有认识到“知识改变命运”的道理 ②最主要的是家长以及学校的放任自流 ③学生的厌学心
理 ④国家对教育重视不够
A.②③④B.①②④C.①③D.②③
8.这种现象可能带来的不良影响有()
①直接阻碍九年义务教育的实施 ②给社会增加不安定因素 ③影响我国科教兴国及人才强国战
略的实施 ④加剧农村部分地区的贫困程度
A.①②③④B.①②④C.①②③D.①④
9.我国宪法第13条规定:“公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。国际依照法律规定保护公民的私有
财产权……”这样的规定()
①有利于进一步调动人们创造财富的积极性 ②有利于缩小贫富差距,消除城乡差别 ③有利于维
护公民的正常生活,保障其专心致志从事生产、工作和学习④有利于人们积极参加社会主义现
代化建设
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
10.下列关于遗嘱继承的说法正确的是()
①它是我国公民实现遗产继承的唯一方式 ②它不受继承顺序的限制,被继承人为保证遗嘱的视
线,可以指定遗嘱执行人 ③公民立遗嘱处分个人财产,指定遗嘱继承人,是法律赋予公民的一
项权利 ④一般来说,按照遗嘱继承的方式来分配遗产更能体现公民自己的意愿
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
11.近来年,我国食品、药品领域出现了多起恶性事件,如“苏丹红”、“瘦肉精”等。这些事件的存在说明了()
①国家应加大执法力度,依法打击侵犯消费者合法权益的违法行为 ②应加强企业的法制教育 ③
消费者应提高维权意识,依法维护自己的合法权益 ④我国现阶段,法律体系还不够健全
A.①②③B.①③④C.②③④D.①②③④
某鞋店门前的大牌子上写着“吐血大甩卖,一经售出,概不退换”。据此回答12—13题:
12.该鞋店的行为主要侵犯了消费者的()
A.财产不受侵犯的权利
B.对商品和服务真实情况的知情权
C.公平交易权
D.对商品和服务的自主选择权
13.该鞋店经营者的行为是()
①违法的 ②不道德的 ③合理竞争的行为 ④对消费者不负责任的行为
A.①②B.③④C.②④D.①②④
14.比尔〃盖茨把“生活是不公平的,你要去适应它”作为给人们的忠告。其目的是要告诫人们()
①公平是相对的,社会生活中没有绝对的公平②要调整自己的思维方式,客观地对待生活中的“不公平”现象 ③要理智的面对生活中的不公平,才能更好的生活 ④不公平的现象随处可见
A.①②B.①②③C.③④D.②④
15.我国新义务教育法规定:国务院和县级以上地方人民政府应当合理的配臵教育资源,促进义
务教育均衡发展,改善薄弱学校的办学条件,并采取措施,保障农村地区、民族地区实施义务教
育,保障家庭经济困难和残疾的适龄儿童、少年接受规定年限的义务教育。对国家的这一举措认
识正确的是()
①公平是社会生活追求的一个重要主题 ②教育公平是社会稳定的天平③教育公平才能使弱势
群体平等的享受受教育权 ④教育公平有利于社会的稳定与和谐
A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④
16.“更加注重社会公平,使全体人们共享改革发展成果”是党和政府工作的主要目标。下列举措
反映这一工作目标的有()
①全国彻底取消农业税 ②努力建设节约型社会 ③完善下岗职工基本生活保障制度 ④国家免除部分农村义务教育阶段家庭贫困学生的寄宿生生活费
A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.①②③④
17.公平正义的守护神——宋鱼水,独立办案十几年来,公正高效的审理了各类民商案件1200余件,被当事人誉为“辨法析理,胜败皆服”的好法官。维护公平正义()
①有利于社会合作的不断延续 ②有利于社会的和谐发展 ③有利于社会的长治久安 ④容易使人情关系淡漠
A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④
18.正义,让我们拥有神圣而博大的情怀。具有正义感,要求我们()
A.善于与他人进行交流和沟通,赢得他人的赞赏
B.尊重他人的基本权利,公正的对待他人和自己
C.永远把个人利益作为人生追求的首要选择
D.全面提高字的学习成绩,力争在考试中名列前茅
19.“正义感是维系社会良性发展的基石,是一个公民必备的条件。”这句话告诉我们()
①社会的发展离不开争议,正义的行为能促进社会的进步 ②实施正义行为,是做人的基本要求 ③只要具有正义感,人们就不会遇到挫折 ④具有正义感是现代社会对公民的基本要求
A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①②③④
20.在社会生活中,我们不难发现存在着“年龄歧视”“学历歧视”“身高歧视”“职业歧视”,甚至“收入歧视”等现象。面对这些现象,要求()
①制定正义的社会制度,反对歧视 ②运用刑罚严厉打击 ③公民自觉遵守社会制度、规则和程序 ④树立特权意识,谋求最大利益
A.①②③B.①③C.①③④D.①②③④
简答题:
21.假如你遇到下列情景,你的正确做法是什么?并说明理由。
(1)同桌偷看了你的日记,并在同学中传播。
(2)由于数学考试不及格,老师说你是“名副其实的猪脑子”。
(3)同学骑车闯红灯,交警要他留下姓名,他却谎报了你的名字。
22.据有关报道:从南方运来的香蕉,大都七八成熟。小贩们廉价批购后,在还没有成熟的香蕉表面涂上一层含有二氧化硫的催熟剂,再用三四十度的炉火熏烤后藏臵,一两天之后香蕉就变得色黄、鲜嫩,1.5元/公斤进的,催熟后要卖到4元左右1公斤。七八成熟的西瓜,摘下后用针管向瓜内注射红色自来水,切开后瓜瓤鲜红,还增加了重量。
(1)如果吃了这样的香蕉和西瓜,你会怎么想呢?
(2)为了杜绝这类水果上市,你认为该怎样做?
23.2007年5月27日,张某乘坐出租车,不慎将装有手机和三千元现金的手包丢在了车上,后被司机郭某拾得。第二天,张某与郭某见面了……
情境一:郭某确认手包是张某的后,主动归还。请你评价郭某的行为。
情境二:张某要求郭某归还手包,郭某谎称自己没看见,拒绝归还。请你推测张某可能采取哪几种方法解决这件事?并运用法律知识对推测进行评析。
材料分析题:
24.材料:马燕是宁夏回族自治区同心县张家树村的一个普通女孩,多年来该村没有一个女孩子上过初中。马燕从小学四年级就坚持写日记,将自己对上学的渴望、对辍学的担心都写进了日记,小学毕业时已经积累了六本日记。在她考上初中但妈妈要她退学时,她给妈妈写了一封信《我要上学》。在她的坚持下,妈妈含着泪说:“我一定要让孩子上学。”马燕终于又回到了熟悉的校园。
(1)马燕是怎样维护自己受教育权利的?
(2)马燕的事迹对你有什么启示?
(3)当你的受教育权利受到侵害时,你应该如何维护?
25.新华社2007年1月18日报道,2006年中国法院知识产权案件继续保持高增长势头,全国地方法院共受理和审结知识产权民事一审案件14219件和14056件,同比增长5.92%和4.95%。
(1)上述材料说明了什么?
(2)智利成果权主要包括哪些权利?
(3)上述材料给你什么启示?
26.材料:2006年9月1日起正式实施的新修订《义务教育法》规定:“县级以上人民政府及其教育行政部门应当促进学校均衡发展,缩小学校之间办学条件的差距,不得将学校分为重点学校和非重点学校。学校不得分重点班和非重点班。”“教师在教学活动中应当平等对待学生。”
(1)以上材料说明了什么问题?
(2)阅读材料后,你受到了什么启示?
(3)假如你所在学校分了重点班和非重点班,而你又分在了非重点班,你将如何对待?
活动与探究:
27.材料:2006年10月召开的中国共产党十六届六中全会强调,要坚持以科学发展观同龄经济社会发展全局,建设社会主义和谐社会。“公平正义”是社会主义和谐社会的重要特征之一。活动与探究:
(1)为什么说“公平正义”是社会主义和谐社会的重要特征?
(2)为了最大程度地实现社会的公平,我国党和政府采取了哪些重大方针和措施?
(3)如果以“走进正义,维护正义”为主题出一期黑板报,请你设计三个栏目,并简要介绍栏目的重要内容。
参考答案
1A、2A、3A、4C、5A、6A、7C、8A、9C、10D、11D、12C、13D、14B、15B、16B、17A、18B、19B、20B
21.(1)要求他(她)停止侵害并公开道歉。理由:公民享有隐私权,公民的隐私权受法律保护。
(2)向老师说明他这样做侵犯了自己的人格尊严,并让老师向自己道歉。理由:我国法律规定:禁止用任何方式对公民进行侮辱、诽谤、诬告、陷害等。(3)跟交警解释清楚并找该同学作证。理由:公民享有姓名权,禁止任何人盗用、冒用等。(只要做法合情合理即可)
22.(1)部分经营者为了获得更多的利润,欺骗消费者,侵犯了消费者的安全权、知情权和公平交易权,这种行为不仅是不道德的,也是违法的,提醒广大消费者在日常生活中要增强自己的判断能力和选择能力,保持应有的警惕,尽量不给不法经营者以可乘之机,防止侵权行为的发生,一旦购买了上述水果,要运用法律武器,维护自己的合法权益。(2)要增强经营者的道德意识和法律意识,有关部门应加大对此类事件的打击力度,要在全社会营造一种和谐消费的氛围。
23.(1)郭某拾得遗失物并归还失主,是自觉履行法定义务的行为。(2)张某可能会采取的方法有:通过合法手段维护自己的合法权益,如到郭某所在的出租公司投诉或到执法部门控告;张某也可能用非法手段维护自己的权益,如对郭某大打出手等方法迫使其交还手包。评析:公民应依法维护自己的正当权益。公民的合法权益受到侵害时,不能随心所欲,任期胡为,应采取合法方式、按照法定程序维护自己的正当权益等。
24.(1)当马燕的受教育权受到侵害时,她积极争取,没有放弃,采取各种方式感化母亲,寻求社会的帮助等。(2)要坚持使自己接受法律规定年限的教育。在我们身边,由于各种原因,侵犯青少年受教育权的现象还是有发生。我们要勇敢地拿起法律武器,维护自己的受教育权。同时,也要努力学习,自觉履行受教育的义务。(3)采取合法的方式,如向父母宣传义务教育法的法律知识;主动寻求学校老师、社会的帮助;也可以运用法律武器予以维护等。
25.(1)我国侵犯公民智利成果权的现象还十分严重;国家保护公民的智力成果权不受非法侵犯。
(2)著作权、专利权、商标权、反不正当竞争中的商业秘密等。(3)我们应该认真学习法律,了解知识产权的相关知识,当自己的智力成果受到侵害时,要积极寻求法律帮助,运用法律武器来维护。我们还要积极参加与社会对治理成果的保护,尊重他人的智力成果,不做侵害他人智力成果的事情等。
26.(1)我国法律确保义务教育均衡发展,保障青少年公平地接受教育。(2)社会稳定和发展需要公平,社会才能为人的发展提供平等的权利和机会,每个社会成员的生存和发展才有保障;有了公平,我们才能通过劳动,得到自己应得的东西,满足自己的愿望,充分调动自身的积极性,这样整个社会才能人人各司其职,各尽所能,共同推动社会的持续发展;教育公平是社会公平的一个方面,教育公平有利于社会的和谐发展。(3)增强维权意识,善于寻找正确的解决途径,用合法的手段谋求最大程度的公平;增强公平观念,崇尚公平,主持公道,善于同破坏公平的行为作斗争等。
27.(1)社会稳定和发展需要公平。不公平会导致人们的合作难以为继,对经济发展产生不利影响,带来社会问题,影响社会的长治久安。有了公平整个社会才能人人各司其责,各尽所能,共同推动社会持续发展;社会发展需要正义。正义保障人民的生命财产安全,使人们得以生存和发展,推动社会的进步。正义可以通过制度的调节来避免严重的社会分化,使我们的社会健康、持续发展,使人与人之间的关系更加和谐。(2)答案合理即可。(3)“走进正义”:介绍什么是正义、非正义行为;“正义制度”介绍正义制度的含义和作用;“呼唤正义”分析社会发展需要正义和正义制度;“维护正义”说明如何维护正义,做有正义感的人等。