物理专业英语

第一篇：物理专业英语

物理专业英语(专业任选课)

Professional English of physics

【课程编号】RZ26232

【学分数】1.5

【学时数】32

【适用专业】物理学

一、教学目的、任务 【课程类别】专业选修课 【编写日期】2010.3.30 【先修课程】物理各课程、大学英语

物理专业英语是高等院校物理专业一门专业任选课程。在大学英语的基础上进一步拓展物理专业词汇，掌握科技英语语法和科技英语特点。为进一步学习、研究中获取和理解最新科技知识打下良好基础。重点分析并使学生掌握理科英语词句结构的特点，特别是长的句子结构和被动语态等的广泛应用。训练学生提高阅读理科书籍、文章和文献的速度和理解能力。为将来毕业论文中的查阅英文文献打下基础。训练学生练习用英语写作（专业内容写作）。使学生基本掌握撰写论文摘要的要点，以便将来撰写毕业论文的英文摘要。

二、课程教学的基本要求

1．阅读有关物理专业的英文材料课文（包括热、力、学、电和原子）

2．掌握相当数量（七佰到八佰）的有关专业单词或词组。

3．要求在完成专业英语学习之后，平均每小时可笔译一干到二干五百个字符的物理专业内容的材料（英译汉）。

三、教学内容和学时分配1 + 6 + 6 + 8 + 3 + 8 = 32

总论（或绪论、概论等）1 学时（课堂讲授学时+课程实验学时）

主要内容：

总体介绍物理专业英语这门课程的主要内容和课程结构；介绍该门课程的基础和该课程所学知识的应用领域及发展前景。

教学要求：

了解该课程的主要内容、课程结构及应用领域

其它教学环节（如实验、习题课、讨论课、其它实践活动）：

第一章科技英语特点（6）

主要内容：

科技英语分类

科技英语的语法特点

科技英语的词汇特点

物理专业英语的语法和词汇特点；

教学要求：

掌握科技英语、物理专业英语语法和词汇特点

其它教学环节（如实验、习题课、讨论课、其它实践活动）：

第二章 科技翻译技巧概论（6）

主要内容：

翻译的要求和标准及步骤

词义的引伸

增减词语

词的重复

巧用汉语的外位成分巧用动宾结构

反译

拆译

紧缩原则

数词的英语表示及译法

常用数学符号及度量衡的英语表示

常用英语构词法

物理、工程及与数学的关系英语文章阅读翻译。

教学要求：

掌握物理专业英语和一般科技英语的翻译方法和技巧。

其它教学环节（如实验、习题课、讨论课、其它实践活动）：

第三章 力、热 声、光、电、磁等学科有关专业基础文献阅读（8）

主要内容：

精选15篇力、热 声、光、电、磁等学科有关专业基础文献

教学要求：

其它教学环节（如实验、习题课、讨论课、其它实践活动）：

第四章常用仪器、仪表、说明书有关文献阅读（4）

主要内容：

3-5种物理测量的常用仪器 仪表说明书

教学要求：

掌握常用仪器、仪表、说明书的阅读和翻译技巧。

其它教学环节（如实验、习题课、讨论课、其它实践活动）：

第五章 现代科技前沿学科有关文献阅读（6）

主要内容：

3-5篇现代科技及物理相关前沿学科有关文献阅读

教学要求：

教学要求：

掌握代科技及物理相关前沿学科有关文献阅读和翻译技巧。

其它教学环节（如实验、习题课、讨论课、其它实践活动）：

四、教学重点、难点及教学方法

教学重点是科技英语的语法特点和构词特点、物理专业英语的翻译技巧 教学难点是翻译技巧的把握和专业英语中长句语法把握。

五、考核方式及成绩评定方式考查

六、教材及参考书目

推荐教材：

《物理专业英语》，南京大学外文系公共英语教研室编, 北京，商务印书馆，1981主要参考书：

1、《科技英语翻译技巧》，严俊仁，北京，国防工业出版社，2000.8。

2、《科技英语的文体写作与翻译》，高永照，程勇学苑出版社，1999。

修（制）订人：审核人：

2010年3月30日

第二篇：物理专业英语绪论

Introduction

Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime(时空), as well as all applicable concepts, such as energy and force.More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the world and universe behave.Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines(学科), perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy.Over the last two millennia(一千年), physics had been considered synonymous with philosophy, chemistry, and certain branches of mathematics and biology, but during the Scientific Revolution in the 16th century, it emerged(显现)to become a unique modern science in its own right.However, in some subject areas such as in mathematical physics and quantum chemistry, the boundaries of physics remain difficult to distinguish.Physics is both significant and influential, in part because advances in its understanding have often translated into new technologies, but also because new ideas in physics often resonate(共鸣)with other sciences, mathematics, and philosophy.For example, advances in the understanding of electromagnetism(电磁学)or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products which have dramatically transformed modern-day society;advances in thermodynamics(热力学)led to the development of motorized transport;and advances in mechanics(力学)inspired the development of calculus.Scope and aims

Physics covers a wide range of phenomena,from the smallest sub-atomic particles, to the largest galaxies.Physics aims to describe the various phenomena that occur in nature in terms of simpler phenomena.Thus, physics aims to both connect the things observable to humans to root causes, and then to try to connect these causes together in the hope of finding an ultimate reason for why nature is as it is.For example, the ancient Chinese observed that certain rockswere attracted to one another by some invisible force.This effect was later called magnetism, and was first rigorously studied in the 17th century.A little earlier than the Chinese, the ancient Greeks knew of other objects such as amber, that when rubbed with fur would cause a similar invisible attraction between the two.This was also first studied rigorously in the 17th century, and came to be called electricity.Thus, physics had come to understand two observations of nature in terms of some root cause(electricity and magnetism).However, further work in the 19th century revealed that these two forces were just two different aspects of one force – electromagnetism.The scientific method

Physicists use the scientific method to test the validity(认可)of a physical theory.Theories which are very well supported by data and have never failed any competent empirical(以实验为依据的)test are often called scientific laws, or natural laws.Of course, all theories, including those called scientific laws, can always be replaced by more accurate, generalized statements if a disagreement of theory with observed data is ever found.

第三篇：材料物理专业英语

《材料物理专业英语》课程教学大纲

一、课程基本信息

课程编号：13103208

课程类别：专业选修课程

适应专业：材料物理

总学时：36学时

总学分：2

课程简介：

本课程以大学英语、大学物理、材料物理等相关课程为基础，包含了专业英语的听说和写译两个部分。通过对本课程的学习，以求达到提升学生专业论文的阅读能力，具备一定的写、译能力，以适应在材料物理相关领域研究中国外文献的查阅和对外交流的需求。

授课教材：《专业英语》（材料物理）自编讲义。

参考书目：

[1] 《物理学专业英语基础》，叶谋仁注释，上海外语教育出版社，2000年。

[2] 《材料专业英语译写教程》，张军，机械工业出版社，2001年。

[3] 《新世纪理工科英语教程·材料科学与工程》，杨福玲，上海外语教育出版社，2006年。

二、课程教育目标

专业英语是材料物理专业的一门重要选修课程，通过这门课程的教学，达到以下目标：

（1）提高学生的英语应用能力，逐步适应和掌握科技英语书面语体的特点和表达形式，掌握一些基本的专业科技词汇和科技英语写作方法，为进一步高层次的学习奠定基础。

（2）使学生能顺利地阅读所学专业的英语资料并对难度较高的英语科技文献具有一定的理解能力和分析能力。

三、教学内容与要求

Part 1Fundamentals of Physics: Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Electromagnetism, Optics,Modern Physics, and Material Physics.教学重点：物理现象的描述、物理学定理（定律）的表达，掌握材料物理相关的专业英语词汇，学会常用数学公式的表达方式，提高对专业词汇的理解、运用能力。

教学难点：物理学概念、定理（定律）的阅读与表达，数学公式的表达，材料物理相关的专业词

汇与表达方式。

教学时数：14学时

教学内容：

（1）Mechanics

（2）Thermodynamics

（3）Electromagnetism

（4）Optics

（5）Modern Physics

（6）Material Physics related words and phrases

教学方式：课堂讲授（可结合多媒体教学）

教学要求：

（1）讲授物理学基本概念、原理。

（2）讲授物理学方面的守恒定律，巩固学生的物理专业思想，熟悉物理类专业文献的表达方

式，强化对此类文章的理解。

（3）使学生学会部分数学公式的表达与阅读，掌握正确的翻译方法。

Part 2Reading and Translation of Scientific Materials

教学重点：科技英语的常用表达方式的理解与翻译，现代科技文献特别是材料物理专业文献的阅

读与翻译，提高阅读科技文献的速度和翻译英文科技文献的能力。

教学难点：专业性较强的科技文献翻译，提高文献阅读速度。

教学时数：8学时

教学内容：

（1）Nanotechnology and Application

（2）Superconductivity and Application

教学方式：课堂讲授（可结合多媒体教学）

教学要求：

（1）讲授理工类科技英语的常用表达方式和句型。

（2）结合材料物理相关的现代科技文献，讲授各种典型句型的翻译技巧。

（3）训练学生科技英语阅读与理解能力。

Part 3Writing of Scientific Articles

教学重点：基本物理量、数学公式、倍数、比较关系等常用句式的表达与写作，科技英语常用句

式与写作技巧的总结与练习。

教学难点：科技论文写作技巧，专业性较强的词汇应用，科技英语常用句式的应用。

教学时数：10学时

教学内容：

（1）Characteristics and typical Sentences in Scientific English expression

（2）Scientific English Writing Skills

（3）Experimental reports

（4）Scientific Articles: Title and Authors, Abstract, Body, Conclusion, Appendix,References, and Acknowledgement.教学方式：课堂讲授（可结合多媒体教学）

教学要求：

（1）从词汇、句型入手，分析科技英语写作技巧，掌握基本物理量、数学公式、倍数、比较

关系等的表达。

（2）了解与掌握科技论文基本结构与形式、物理实验报告等的写作方法。

Part 4Oral Presentation and International Conference

教学重点：口头报告的写作与表达重点、表达要求、表达技巧和方式，国际会议的组织结构、参

加程序，会议论文投稿与写作。

教学难点：口头报告的表达和写作，国际会议的参加和论文写作。

教学时数：4学时

教学内容：

（1）Preparation of Oral presentation and its expression skills.（2）International conference registration and Paper submission

教学方式：课堂讲授（可结合多媒体教学）

教学要求：

（1）介绍口头报告的表达需求和准备重点。

（2）介绍国际会议的参加程序，会议论文的写作与投稿。

四、作业

每周布置作业，作业内容为对专业词汇的搜集，阅读及物理、材料科学相关规律的专业术语表达。

五、考核方式与成绩评定

考核方式：考查。

成绩评定：总评成绩=平时成绩（80%）+出勤（20%）。

执笔人：

责任人：

2013年8月

第四篇：物理专业英语知识点总结

目录

1.kinematic 2.mechanical motion 运动学

3.vector 机械运动 4velocity and speed 向量

5.acceleration 速度和速率 6.laws of conservation 加速度

7.quantities 8.conservation obeying the 守恒定律laws of量

符合守恒定律的9.kinetic energy 10.work 动能11.conservative forces 功

12.potential 保守力external energy inan 的势能

force field 在外力场中13.mechanics of a rigid body 体力学

刚14.motion of a body 15.motion 物体运动 of a bodyof the center of mass 16.rotation 物体质心的运动fixed of a body about

a 动

axis 绕固定轴的物体的运17.molecular 学

physics分子物理18.statistical thermodynamics physics and 19.mass 分子的质量和大小and size 热动力学

of molecules 20.state 统运动状态of a

system process 系21.internal 系统内能 energy of a system 22.the thermodynamics first law of 律

热力学第一定23.work changes 变体积做功in done

volomeby a 物体通过改body upon 24.temperature 25.equation gas of state 温度

of an ideal 26.statistical physics 理想气体状态方程27.information 统计物理

of probability28.nature of the thermal motion 概率原理form the

theory of molecules29.number 分子热运动的本质molecules 密度

with ofa wall collisions 分子碰撞of 30.pressure of a opticsgas on a wall 31.interference 光学

涉

of light 光的干32.interference 光波干涉

of light waves 33.coherence34.ways interference of 相干的的方法

of lightobserving 观察光干涉the 35.diffraction of light 36.introduction 37.huygens-fresnel 前言光的衍射 更斯-菲涅尔原理 principle

惠38.fresnel zones39.electricity 区域

学和磁学

and magnetism 电40.electric 空中的电场field

in a vacuum真41.electric charge42.coulomb43.system of untis ’s law库仑定律电荷44.rationalized 单位体系 formulasform of writing 形式

正规性合理化的书写45.potential 46.electric stbengthfield 电势

电场。field 47.interaction

system 用的能量of

charges energy 电荷相互作of a 48.relation between electric field strength and potential 势的关系

电场和电49.dipole 50.magnetic field in a vacuum电偶极子

空中的磁场

真51.interaction 的相互作用

of currents 电流52.magnetic field 53.field of a moving charge磁场的区域的电荷的场

移动 54.the 法尔定律biot-savart

law 比奥-萨55.the loreniz force 56.ampere洛伦兹力 57.vortex electric field ’s law 安培定律

58.displacement 涡旋电场 流

current 位移电59.maxwell韦方程式

’s equations 麦克斯60.modern pyisics 61.relativity 62.the background相对性近代物理 63.the ether64.the 太空、以太背景experimentmichelson-morley65.the special theory of relativity迈克尔逊实验

相对论66.theradioactivitynucleusand 67.the 68.nuclearatomic nucleus 原子核和放射性原子核 isotopes 法

原子和同位素的表示方notation and69.the nuclear force 70.radioactivity 核力 关键词放射性 1.Vector

quantity quantity magnitude that has 矢量。both a direction.examples:force,velocitand y,acceleration,and momentum 2.Scalar quantity that has magnitude,but quantity 标量。A no Examples:mass,volume,and direction.speed.3.Vector to 向量。An arrow drawn vector quantity.scale used to represent a 4.Motion position.运动 a change of 5.Speed traveled per time 速率thedistance 6.Velocity change position and the direct of 速度

the rate of the quantity.motion.velocity is vector 7.Acceleration of 加速度in change.velocity/time velocty:acceleration=change time rate it takes for 8.Force producing 力in motion motion a quantity capable of ora change 9.Net or force

合力more forces.resultant force the of equivalent two or 10.Newton牛顿第一定律’s first an object remains law of motion at with rest or in uniform motion acted upon by a net a constant velocity unless force.unbalanced 11.Inertiaif motion.matter that 惯性.theproperty inertia.Mass resists in a measure changes in of 12.Newtonmotion ’s second law of F=ma.relates 牛顿第二定律 acceleration.force to13.Friction that 摩擦力.the force of contacting media.opposes the relative motion 14.Mass matter 质量。specifically,it in an The object.more quantity of measurement sluggishness of the is inertia the or exhibits in response to any effort that an object made any way its state of motion.to start it , or change in 15.Weight due to gravity on an object.重力.the force 16.Free object fall自由落体.an acting on it.falling with only gravity 17.Terminal 度.the maximum velocity constant 末速velocity that a non-freely object reaches when a retarding falling force force balances acceleration is zero.and the the gravitation object’s 18.Momentum product of the mass of an object 动量.the and its velocity.19.Impulse of 冲量.the and the force acting on an product object acts.the time during which it 20.Elastic collision collision objects in which 弹性碰撞colliding.a deformation or the generation of rebound without lasting heat.21.Inelastic 撞.a collision collision in which 非弹性the 碰colliding distorted objects becomeduring the collision.and generated heat 22.Power work 功率.the time rate of 23.EnergyP=W/t.of能量 to do work.a systemthat.the enables property it24.Rotational that inertia 转动惯量 resist property of an object torotation:if at rest the boby tends any change in its state of to tendsto remain rotating and will remain at rest;if rotating ,it continue upon by a net external torque.to do so unless acted 25.Torqueof 转矩.the product distance,which tends to force and lever-arm ratation.produce 26.Center average of mass 质心 the single object point position of mass or the considered to be concentrated.where associated all its mass with canbe an 27.Center average position of weight or the of gravity 重心the single object where the force of gravity point associated with an canbethe mass.same considered to act.usually place as the center of 28.Equilibrium state of an object when not acted平衡状态the upon torque.an by a net force or net may uniform be at object rest in or equilibrium moving accelerating.velocity;that is not at 29.Centripetal center-seeking an force force that 向心causes 力a path.object to follow a circular 30.Angular a about measure an momentum object’s rotation 角动量specifically a particular rotational inertia the product axis;more of its velocity.for small an object and rotational that is distance compared mass,speed,and ,it is the to product the radial of of rotation.radial distance 31.Temperatureof 温度permolecule the average kinetic a measure erenge substance,measure in Celsius kelvins.or Fahrenheit in degrees a or in 32.Absolute lowest possible temperature that zero 绝对零度.the a temperature substance at which may molecules have-the of minimum kinetic energy.a substance have their 33.Heatflows from a substance of higher 热能.the energy that temperature lowertemperature,commonly to a substance of measured in calories or joules.Internal molecular energy.the potential energies,kinetic total of plus all substance.energy,internal to a 34.Specific 容.the quantity of heat per unit heat capacity比热mass temperature of a substance by 1 required to raise the Celsius degree.35.First 热力学第一定律law of thermodynamics a restatement of conservation,usually the law of energy applies as it changes in temperature.the to systems involving added increase to heat external in a internal system equals an system.work done energy by plus the 36.Adiabatic 程.a process,usually process绝热过of expansion compression,wherein or enters or leaves a system.no heat 37.Second thermodynamicslaw of 律heat will never spontaneously 热力学第二定flow from a cold object to a hot object.also,no completely machine can be converting energy to work;some efficient in input heat.and energy is dissipated as to disordered as time goes by.become finally,all systems tend more and more 38.Heat enginechanges 热机a device that mechanical work.internal energy to 39.Entropydisorder 熵a energy of a system.measure of the one direction form freely transforms Whenever to another,the from toward of transformation is disorder a one of greater entropy.and state therefore of greater toward 40.Huygens 理the theory principleby which 惠更斯原light waves point source can be regarded as spreading out from a the secondary wavelets.superposition of tiny 41.Interferencesuperposition 干涉the producing of waves reinforcement regions of cancellation.constructive

and regions of interference reinforcement;destructive

refers to regions of interference cancellation.the refers selected interference to regions of of produces wavelengths interference colors.colors known of light as 42.Diffraction

of 衍射the bending through light around way a an obstacle or dark that narrow slit in such a produced.or fringes colored of bands light and are 43.Polarizationalignment 偏振the that of the electric vectors radiation.such make up electromagnetic vibrations polarized.are waves said of aligned to be 44.Hologramtwo-dimensional 全息照相a diffraction microscopic three-dimensional pattern that shows images.optical 45.Electrostaticsstudy 静电学the relative to one another

of electric changes at rest 46.Capacitorelectrical form device,in 电容its 器.an conducting plates separated by a a pair of simplest paralled small electric charge.distance,that stores 47.Coulombrelationship ’s law库仑定律.the force,charge,and among electrical F=kq1q2/d2 alike repelling;if are in if the charges distance are unlike,the force is attractive.the sign,the charges force are is 48.Coulomb of electrical charge.one coulomb 库仑.the SI unit is 6.25*10 equal 18 tothe total charge of 49.Conductor electrons.that easily through 异体external electrical force.flows when which any material subject charge to an 50.Insulator material that resists charge flow 绝缘体any through external electrical force.it when subject to an 51.Semiconductor poorly conducting material,such 半绝缘体a as germanium,that crystalline better-conducting can silicon be made or the impurities or energy.addition material a of certain by 52.Charging 电.the transfer by contactof charge 接触起from one physical substance to another by substances.contact between 53.Charging 起电.the change in charge of a by induction 感应grounded electrical influence object,caused of enectric by the charge contact.close by but not in 54.Electrically 化.term applied to an atom or polarized 电极molecule are in which the charges slightly aligned negative than the opposite side.more so that positive one side or is 55.Electric energetic field电场.the surrounding region of space object.about a charged point,the a charged field according decreases with distance law,like to field a the inverse gravitational square charged.between oppositely electric parallel plates,the charged region object field placed is uniform.a in the experiences a force.of an electric field 56.Electric potential energy能the energy a charge possesses 电势by electric field.virtue of its location in an 57.Electric electric potential电势amount volts,and of potential charge,measured energy per the voltage:voltage=electric often called in energy/amount of charge

58.Magnetic force magnets,between and a moving charge.magnets 磁力between field 59.Magnetic region field around of 磁场.the moving charged particle.a magnetic magnetic pole influence or a 60.Electromagnet magnet 电磁体a by an electric whose field is produced the current.usually in piece of iron inside the coil.form of a wire coil with a 61.Ether medium for propagation of light 以太.a hypothetical waves.62.Michelson-morley

experiment 验.an experiment 迈克尔逊that 莫雷was 实designed through to detect the ether interference.no velocity addition and observed.effects were 63.Special theory of relativity义相对论einstein’s theory 狭of relativity non-accelerating that deals with systems.or inertial 64.Principle of relativity 原理all the laws of physics 相对论are the moving same with respect to one another.at a for constant all observers velocity 65.Constancy Charging speed of light in free space is the by光速不变原理 of light the same regardless for all observers source of the motion of the observer.or the motion of the 66.Time observation dilationmoving of a 时空膨胀clock in the slowly,according to the equation system running more a 67.Length the of observation contractionof a shortening 尺度收缩motion a lengh in the direction of system,according in a moving equation.to the 68.Twin paradox paradoxtwin returning to earth younger of a space-travelling 自相矛盾the than his earth-bound twin,which is theory of relativity.predicted by the general 69.Mass-energy 转化方程the changing conversionof 质能mass into versa,according energy e=mc2

to the and equation vice 70.General 广义相对论theory einsteinof ’s theory relativityof relativity accelerated systems.that deals with 71.Atomic central nucleus 原子核.the which the core of an atom are located.protons and neutrons of the atom in 72.Nucleon proton or neutron.核子a nuclear 73.Nuclide nucleus or nuclear species.核素a particular 74.Proton number of protons in a nucleus , number质子数the which defines its atoms as being a particular element.75.Mass numberof the protons and neutrons in a 质量数the sum nucleus.energy of a particle into visible light.76.Isotopesnuclides with of 同the 位same 素nuclei element or neutrons.different numbers of 77.Nuclear forceattractive between nucleons.interaction 核力the strong that acts 78.Radioactivity spontaneous 放射性.the isotopes energetic particles.with decay the emission of certain of 79.Alpha 子.a particle particle consisting 阿尔法粒of two neutrons,which protons helium nucleus.is the and same as two a 80.Beta 子.an electron.particle贝塔粒81.Gamma 子.a quantum particle or photon 伽马粒of energy.82.Half-lifetakes for one half of the nuclei of 半衰期the time it a isotope to decay.sample of a given radioactive 83.Geiger a counter 盖世计数器based common radiation.on the radiation ionizing nature detector of 84.Dead required timerecover for another detection or for 寿a 命detector the time to count.85.Scintillation 数器a radiation counter detector 闪光计 based phosphor on the material the ability to convert of a a unified field theory.fundamental interactions in 86.Elementary 子the fundamental particlesbuilding 基本粒blocks of nature

87.Exchange the responsible elementary particles交换粒子particles forces or interactions.for fundamental These strong are as follows.for the weak force,the particles;for the electromagnetic force,the gluon;for w and the z force,the gravity,the graviton.photon;and for 88.Hadron that 强子.any panicle force.interacts by the strong 89.Quarks with 夸克.subparticles charges fractional hadrons.thought to electronic make up 90.Electroweak the incorporate single force force弱静电力electromagnetic both believed the to forces.and weak 91.Grand 原理a unified theory that theorycombines 同一性the forces into a single force.strong and electroweak 92.Superforceforce that would describe all.超级力a single 句子

1.Thus,the derivative velocity of timethe particle of the with position is the resect vector to 求导

速度是微小位移对时间的

第五篇：专业英语

我国经济和科学技术正在高速发展，随着我国机械行业实力的不断提升，中国正在加速产品与设备的更新与改造，我国与其他国家在各技术领域也正在实现进一步的合作，许多企业引进了很多进口设备，大量资料是英文原版的。因此，学生将来在工作岗位上能否读懂这些资料就是摆在面前的一个严峻的问题，特别是在生产实际中碰到现场实际问题的时候，很可能需要查阅原版英文资料或与相关专家用英语交流专业技术来谋取解决途径，所以机械工程专业英语的掌握就变得越来越重要。

一、学习机械专业英语面临的主要问题

1.缺乏足够的重视，认为没必要

许多学生对专业英语重视不够，认为自己以后在工作岗位上一般用不上，学起来又不容易，不想花功夫去学习和加强专业英语方面的能力，即便有专业英语课程也是抱着及格万岁的思想，敷衍了事。其实，随着社会的发展，各种工作岗位对人才的要求越来越高，即使作为一名操作工，也有很大可能要面对纯英文的说明书、加工图纸等专业文献，更无须说将来担任管理和领导岗位对专业英语的需求了。

2专业基础知识不扎实

专业基础不扎实、专业知识的缺乏是专业英语学习和翻译的一大障碍。只有既懂外语又懂专业的人才能适应全面的对外开放，4.无法适应专业英语本身的特点

专业英语一般内容较为枯燥，阐述的是原理概念，结构严谨，不注重文字修饰，重在客观事实；专业词汇多，逻辑性强，理论推导多，有独特的文体形式和表达方式。在学习开始阶段，我感觉很难适应。

二、大学生学好机械专业英语的方法

1.把握专业知识

必须将机械专业知识与英语知识相结合。缺乏专业知识，翻译专业文献就没有了根基，成了无本之末。也许自己在学习过程中就会对翻译出来的东西拿捏不稳，或者自己都不明白，更不能保证对错了。所以，学生必须加强开设本课程前的相关专业知识的学习，为本课程的学习扫清这方面的阻碍，减轻负担。也有学生反映，专业英语学完以后，英语和专业两方面都有所巩固和加强，所以学生要做的仍旧是树立信心，保持良好积极的心态。

2.积累专业词汇和专业术语

在专业英语的学习过程中，学生既要巩固基础词汇，也要学习专业词汇，更要注重基础词汇的习惯用法、含义和在专业英语中的特殊用法、含义，同时，学生还需要在识记专业词汇的同时，掌握一定量的词根、词缀［7］。提高专业英语资料的阅读能力必须扩大词汇量，掌握一定量的专业词汇。如果词汇量掌握得不够，阅读时就会感到生词多，障碍大，不但影响阅读的速度，而且影响理解的程度，从而不能进行有效的阅读，还容易使人产生挫败感。而学生要想扩大词汇量，就必须在阅读的同时进行识记，并扩大阅读范围。

3培养浓厚兴趣

培养对英语的兴趣至关重要。“兴趣是最好的老师”，兴趣是学习英语的巨大动力，有了兴趣，学习就会事半功倍。我们都有这样的经验：喜欢的事，就容易坚持下去；不喜欢的事，是很难坚持下去的。而兴趣不是与生俱来的，需要培养。必须要用正确的态度对待英语学习，用科学的方法指导学习。多让自己去尝试，通过努力让自己体会成功的愉悦。

三、结语

用英语进行专业交流是学习机械工程专业英语的最终目的。由于翻译过程是个创造性的、从生疏到熟练的过程，只有具备刻苦的精神、严肃认真的学习态度和一定的英语水平、专业水平和汉语表达水平，才能充分理解原专业文献的含义，把握原文的想要表述的实质内容，运用种种表达手段和翻译技巧，用准确流畅的符合汉语言习惯的语言生动地再现原文。所以，为把自己培养成为复合型、有发展后劲的高技能人才，大学生必须把握机械工程专业知识，培养专业英语的学习兴趣，积累专业英语学习方法和基础知识，加强英文原始专业文献的阅读，扩大知识面，迅速而切实地提高自己的专业英语的应用能力，为将来更好地适应高素质工作岗位和进一步发展的需要打下良好的基础。