写作,高频词汇,听力技巧,易错词组

第一篇：写作,高频词汇,听力技巧,易错词组

写作模板

提纲式作文

1． 对立观点式

A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X，为什么？

B． 有人认为X 是坏事，反对X，为什么？

C．我的看法。

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。

2． 批驳观点式

A．一个错误观点。

B． 我不同意。

Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。

3． 社会问题（现象）式

A．一个社会问题或者现象。

B． 产生的原因

C．对社会和我们生活的影响

D． 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话）

E． 前景的预测。

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.参照辩论式议论文的写法。

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..写作模板——图表式作文

It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一个原因).More importantly, …(第二个原因).Most important of all, …(第三个原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).写作模板——辩论式议论文

模版1

Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 论据1.More importantly, 论据2.Most important of all, 论据3.In summary, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above, we can predict that 预测.模版2

People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2.Last but not the least, 论据3.To conclude, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above, we can predict that 预测.模版3

There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 论据1。

Furthermore, 论据2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 论据3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above, we can predict that 预测.英语六级改错中常出现的高频短语

1.abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于；遵守。2.be absent from….缺席，不在

3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉

4.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力be absorbed in全神贯注于…近

:be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on

5.(be)abundant in(be rich in;be well supplied with)富于,富有

6.access(to)(不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解

7.by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely)安全地，8.of one’s own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地,主动地

9.in accord with与…一致.out of one’s accord with同….不一致

10.with one accord(=with everybody agreeing)一致地

11.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根据 12.on one’s own account

1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益

2)(=at one’s own risk)自行负责

3)(=by oneself)依靠自己

on account赊账;on account of因为;on no

account不论什么原因也不;of…account有…..重要性.13.take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

14.give sb.an account of说明,解释(理由)

15.account for(=give an explanation or reason for)解释,说明.16.on account of(=because of)由于,因为.17.on no account(=in no case, for no

reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)

18.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain about)指控,控告

19.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.20.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have

met socially)熟悉

21.act on奉行,按照…行动;act as扮演;act for代理

22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于

23.adapt…(for)(=make sth.Suitable for a new

than)除…外

with, cling to，坚持,遵循

for)…的可能，留有…的余地

need)改编,改写(以适应新的需要)

24.in addition(=besides)此外,又,加之

25.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other

26.adhere to(=abide by, conform to, comply

insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;

27.adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻的,临近的28.adjust..(to)(=change slightly)调节;适应;

29.admit of(=be capable of, leave room.30.in advance(before in time)预告,事先.31.to advantage有利的,使优点更加突出地.32.have an advantage over胜过.have the advantage of由于…处于有利条件

have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

33.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use

of, profit from, harness)利用.34.agree with赞同(某人意见)agree to同意

35.in agreement(with)同意,一致

36.ahead of在…之前,超过…;…………….ahead of time提前.37.in the air 1)不肯定,不具体.2)在谣传中.38.above all(=especially, most important of all)尤其是,最重要的.39.in all(=counting everyone or everything，altogether)总共,总计

40.after all毕竟,到底;(not)at all一点也不;

all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all只此一次;above

all最重要的;first of all首先;all in all大体上说;be all in累极了;all

but几乎.41.allow for(=take into consideration, take into

account)考虑到,估计到.42.amount to(=to be equal to)总计,等于.43.answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for，take charge for)对…负责.44.answer to(=conform to)适合,符合.45.be anxious about为…焦急不安;或anxious for

46.apologize to sb.for sth.为…向…道歉

47.appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力

48.apply to sb.for sth.为…向…申请;apply for申请;apply to适用.49.apply to与…有关;适用

50.approve of(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree

to, consider good, right)赞成, approve vt.批准

英语四六级听力40条常考习语 1)take a rain check 提前预测

2)lost count 弄不清楚

3)be in another world 精神恍惚；魂不守舍

4)make yourself at home 随意，随便

5)save your breath 省口气吧；别白费口舌了

6)make sense 有意义，理解

7)cost sb.an arm and a leg 非常昂贵

8)burn a hole in one's pocket 很快地被花光

9)fill one's shoes 很好地顶替；令人满意地替代

10)is ice cold 表示理所当然

11)like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物 13)lose one's train of 忘记

14)meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步

15)on the dot 准时；正点

16)once and for all 最后一次；干脆

17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围

18)out of this world 非常好

19)play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定

20)ring a bell 令人想起某件事；听起来耳熟

21)share a common outlook 有共同的观点

22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两；没什么区别

23)stick around 在附近逗留或等待

24)stick with 继续做，坚持

25)straighten out 扯平；结清

26)toss and turn(身体)翻来覆去(通常表示难以入睡)

27)turn one's back on(在别人遇到困难时)不愿帮助

28)under the weather 身体不适，生病

29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂；心有余而力不足；不自量力；力不从心

30)break new ground 创新

31)do the trick 做成功；达到理想的结果

32)drag one's feet 行动缓慢；磨磨蹭蹭不情愿

33)draw the line 拒绝，拒不容忍 34)feel down in the dumps 心情不好；情绪低落

35)few and far between 不多；少而分散的；不常碰到或发现的；稀少的

36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健康

37)grin and bear 任劳任怨；毫无怨言地忍受

38)hit the spot(特指吃了食物，喝了饮料之后)精神完全恢复过来或感到满足；恢复精力；提精神

39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道，保密

40)know a thing or two about 略知一二 2)

新四级变在何处？如何备考？本期请到了昂立四、六级专家组专家廖怀宝，请他谈一下新四级应对攻略。

难度增加——听力阅读变化最大

从考核方向来看，新四级考试更注重考察考生实际运用英语的能力，具体体现在题型的改变上。新四级考试分4个部分：听力、阅读、综合运用和写作。变化最大的属听力部分和阅读部分。新四级的听力部分在原有的短对话、短文和复合式听写的基础上，又增加了长对话部分。整个听力的占分比重由原先的20%增加到35%。新旧题型的主要差别有两点。一是题量加大：旧题型只有两部分，而新题型有三部分；二是难度加大：新题型的对话部分由原来的10个短对话改为8个短对话和2个长对话。

就中国学生相对比较强的阅读而言，考生比较擅长的是在相对长的时间里读相对短的文章，这恰恰是对旧四级的考察方式。而新四级阅读中加入快速阅读，对考生自然是一大挑战。阅读部分的占分比重虽然由原先的40%下降到35%，但是题型增加了，难度也相应增大了。旧四级中，阅读只考多项选择题，但是新四级考试中会增加快速阅读和选词填空两个题型。选词填空对于广大中国考生是比较陌生的题型，对考生提出了更高的要求。

综合运用部分占15%，基本是沿用了一些旧题型：完形填空或改错，简单回答或汉译英。基本没变的是写作部分，占分15%，仍然是写一篇议论文或应用文。本次四级新题型的考试在题量上增幅较大，而且时间比旧题型考试仅仅多出了5分钟，所以考生面临的第一个问题是时间。在考前准备过程中，考生应根据题型的特点以及自身的水平合理分配各题型所需的时间。

总而言之，新题型总体而言难度并不大，关键在于了解该题型的特点，调整好相应的方法和时间。

新计分体系——科学反映听、词、读、写各项的能力

需要注意的是，在新的710分系统中，分数不仅体现学生的相对名次，更能分项(写作、阅读、听力、词汇)地表达出每个项目当中学生的相对名次，这就是在题型改革之前计分题型首先改革的科学之处。将来的用人单位可以很清楚地通过学生四级、六级的成绩单了解到该学生英文的各个方面的能力。所以，各位同学都别再讨论四、六级证书是否和学位证相关这样的问题了，因为无论它们相关与否，四、六级的成绩单都是直接体现出你的英语语言能力的，而且，在你没有参加其他的能够体现你英语语言能力的考试(例如PETS、TOEFL、IELTS、GRE、托业、博思等，但是这些考试远远难于四级考试)之前，四级成绩单是你曾经学过英语的主要凭证！

遇强则强——听力部分的应对方案

-短对话部分

短对话一直是学生们比较稳定的得分点。

在最新的新四级中，短对话的题目数量由过去的10道减少到8道。但是短对话作为最基本的类型化听力题目的事实没有改变。11题、12题、18题属于动作行为题；14题是传统的人物关系题，而16题则是更加传统的对话地点题。大部分题目都可以按照过去题目的套路解决。例如动作题目注意情态动词后的谓语，人物关系题注意职业特征词汇，地点题目抓住核心地点词汇，等等。所以，短对话部分依然是各位考生拿分的保险项目。

-长对话部分

长对话是四级题目中最新的面孔。

前四题是一个稍长的长对话，后三题基于一个稍短的长对话，可以把它认为是短对话和听力短文的结合。因为长对话在四级的表现就是听力短文式的问题设置用短对话的形式进行表现。听长对话的时候，首先，信息定位很重要。对话时，开头的客套以及问候与结尾的道别结束语很少出题，而对话中段往往才是重点；其次，边听边看，尽量在听的时候确定哪个选项能够最大程度地吻合，这是做短文听力的要诀，同样适用于长对话；最后，长对话的源头多是托福听力，所以，诸如校园、找工作、租房、图书馆等等高频场景需要着重注意。

-听力短文部分

听力短文是传统题目，所有文体无外乎两种：故事和说明文。说明文包含了简单说明文、科技说明文和人物传记。作为一种经常出现的问题形式，它已经和小对话一样有了很明显的通用解题技巧。第一、迅速从选项辨别问题类型，若为故事，结尾和对话需要非常小心，若为说明文，首尾必然有题要出；第二、在整个过程中保持绝对的注意力，多数题目中的准确答案实际就是和听力原文能够最大限度吻合的选择项。千万不要因为有不懂单词和不懂的句子出现就放弃，其实那些都是假象；第三、注意短文的常考点，诸如首末句、转折关系、逻辑关系、最高级等，这些都被证实几乎是屡考不爽的考点了。

-复合式听写

复合式听写历来是考生们最头疼的四级“绝杀”。因为完全没有选择，需要真刀真枪地写出所有答案。但是，在新四级当中，由于作为固定模式出现，复合式听写将永恒存在。10题中，前7空需要写出7个单词，实际上，这些单词中大部分都属于能够听懂，但是容易写错的单词。所以，平时的功底就很重要了。而对于分数设计较高的最后3个空，也就是长句子听写，建议用“按照自己的话把题目要点写出来”而尽量不要“完全按照听到的写下来”，因为后者的难度实在太大，另外，也没有必要。

第二篇：申论 写作 易错点

申论写作的几个误区，大家学习，避免错误再犯!

申论写作是很多公考者所头痛的事情。不管是申论的初学者还是具有一定申论写作功底的人，了解申论写作中所存在的常见性错误，对于申论的备考都具有重要的导向性作用，当然，最为重要的还是要学会总结，熟悉行政文化本身的特点。祝愿各位学习进步！考试顺意！申论写作典型错误

一、行文模式化

有经验的考生对于申论写作的“万能八条”肯定不会陌生。随着公务员考试招考的规模与参考人数的破纪录增长，公考的培训业也随之红火了起来，在众多的“公考技能培训”中，“成果”最大，影响最深的莫过于钟君先生的“万能八条”了。

不可否认的是，总结出“万能八条”的人是应试教育的天才，而且在其最初面世的阶段确确实实的改变了许多考生的公考之路。从一定意义上讲“万能八条”是申论写作的最佳模板，但是对于考察应试者阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、提出和解决问题的能力、语言表达能力、文体写作能力、时事政治运用能力、行政管理能力的公务员考试来讲，“万能八条”模板中走出来的考生只能成为重在参与规则的牺牲者，因为公务员考试选拔的是具有实实在在行政办公能力的工作者，而不是培训培训、模式模式就能出炉的产品。

为帮助广大考生有效的提升申论写作的能力，把握住公考的脉搏，避免因为“万能八条”等模式所带来的影响，现结合阅卷中的实际案例进行具体的分析论证：为什么申论的行文应避免模式化?

案例一(如何弘扬主流文化)：

一、加强领导对于弘扬主流文化的重视，提高对于弘扬主流文化的认识;

二、加强社会宣传工作，营造良好的社会氛围;

三、加强对与文化工作者的素质培训，提高文化工作者的素质;

四、健全政府的法律法规，完善社会制度...以上考生的答卷就是完完整整的模式化套路，典型的特点就是笼统、宽泛，乍一看好像非常有理，但其实缺少实质性内容，与试卷所给的材料缺乏联系，一言以蔽之：独立于材料的案例之外。为了加深考生对于模式化文章的认识，我们再举一例：

案例二(如何加强城市建设)：

一、各级领导干部要高度重视，树立正确的政绩观，密切关注城市规划建设等问题;

二、在全社会营造关于加强城市规划体制建设的良好文化气氛;

三、通过社会公共教育培训，提高广大工作人员的业务素质...以上两个案例所反映的共同问题可以用八个字来形容：思维僵化、毫无意义。那么，怎么才能避免申论行文的模式化，消除“万能八条”所带来的局限性呢?以案例一为例，比较规范的作答方式是：

一、结合社会主义核心价值体系的内容与要求，以“八荣八耻”为指导，树立社会主义核心价值观。主流媒体应当明确自身所承担的社会责任，以社会利益为导向，了解民间疾苦，感知百姓冷暖，落实文化监督。同时，提高创新意识，积极应对大众媒体的挑战，完善文化传播手段，大力弘扬主流文化，发挥主流媒体应有的引导的作用。文化主管部门应当建立健全对主流文化产品创作生产的引导机制，以激发文化工作者积极创作的热情，激发创作潜能，不断强化监管手段，加大对“三俗文化”的惩处力度。

二、正视当前文化体制发展中所存在的三俗等问题，把握社会主义文化发展规律，通过提升主流文化的引导力与表现力，增强人民群众对于主流文化的认同感。必须推进市场经济条件下的文化体制改革，将计划和市场分开，明确文化事业单位的商业价值功能和社会文化传播效益功能，明确身份定位。同时，政府部门应加大对主流文化产业的资金支持，成立专项基金，用于支持和发展主流文化产业，特别是对那些有着深远教育意义，短期内无法见诸商业效益的文化产业要坚决给予无偿支持和保护...通过以上的案例分析，我们可以得知，要避免申论行文的模式化，应具备的基本要求是：第一、认真分析材料，紧密联系材料内容;第二、理论与实际相结合，增强策论的针对性与可操作性。第三、熟悉国家的相关政策，增强行文的现实感与实质性内容。

在以往的申论批改中，申论行文的模式化是具有普遍性的问题，而且也是非常致命的问题(失分最大，最容易成为三类乃至四类卷)。最后，需要郑重提醒考生的是，申论的写作没有什么速成法，也没有捷径可言，只有踏踏实实的去学，认认真真去写，才能提升自己的能力，符合一名合格公务员所应具有的基本素养。

申论写作典型错误

二、行文切入与总结不当

要提升申论写作的能力，赢得高分需要建立在对国家大政方针的理解及对于材料的运用等基础之上。因此，申论能力的提高不是一朝一夕之功，需要长时间不懈的坚持与有效的练习。要获得申论的高分取决于众多的因素，但有过批改申论或者作文批改经验的人士应该很清楚，好的开头与恰当的结尾往往就是成功的开始，也就是我们常说的“凤头豹尾”。那么在实战中，关于申论的开头与结尾往往存在着怎样的问题，又该如何修改呢?下面，我们将结合具体的案例加以分析。

首先需要明晰的是，为什么好的开头和结尾很重要。申论的“头”就像人的脸，就算“虚有其表”至少也会给人一种很友好、亲近的感觉，从而在阅卷老师的心目中确立良好的印象。要知道，包装是必要的，有名有实当然好，但“有名”也是赢取高分的第一步也是最关键的一步。一个很简单的例子就是三国的庞统，虽然名声在外，但还是因为自己的“头部”问题，给自己的“就职”等多方面带来了重要的影响。因此，写好申论的开头与结尾就是走上公务员之路的开始。

案例

一、有考生在写通货膨胀专题的时候，这样写道“通货膨胀和国内物价上涨，会引起出口商品的减少和进口商品的增加，从而对外汇市场上的供求关系发生影响，导致我国汇率波动。人民币对内价值的下降必定影响其对外价值，将进一步削弱人民币在国际市场上的信用地位，人民币持有者会因通货膨胀而预期人民币的汇率将趋于疲软，把手中持有人民币转化为其它货币，从而导致汇价下跌，人民币贬值”。考生主要论述的是通货膨胀带来的社会影响，内容上并没有错。但撇开语法等角度的问题，我们应该明确，申论行文应自由过度，首先第一步应简要的概述材料的背景(大概120字左右)，然后再引出相应的问题，并适时的提出自己的论点(在此提醒考生一定要将自己的中心论点在文章的起首段就明确的提出)。反观该考生，整个第一段行文所论述的都是通胀及人民币升值的社会影响，行文突兀不说，且没有直接明了的提出自己的论点。

文章的结尾与起首同样重要，好的结尾也是一篇规范的申论应有的结构。可是在具体的写作中，结尾的重要性却往往被考生所忽视，以下是两位考生行文的结尾性段落：

案例

二、城市创造美好未来，城市规划需要我们不断努力不断探索，需要我们坚持不懈久久为功。相信经过我们不断努力一定能够建设出和谐的城市环境。

案例

三、总之，只有坚持社会主义核心价值观为中心，采取扎实有效的措施，才能解决主流文化发展中遇到的问题，才能使中国特色社会主义文化获得长足发展与进步。

上面两位考生所犯的同一个错误就是：结尾潦草、空洞，缺少实质性内容。结尾是一篇文章的结束，从书法的角度来讲，收好最后一笔才是完整的结束。那么，怎样的结尾才是行之有效的结尾呢?

基本的模式有两种：名人名言+号召性语言+点题;联系时代发展的主题+号召性语言+点题。两种结尾模式有一个共同的特点，那就是点题，因此考生一定要注意，不管采用何种结尾的方式，点题或者重申论点都是行政文化的特质及必然要求。当然，任何一种结尾方式都要活学活用，避免生搬硬套等本本主义。最后慎重提升广大考生，写好文章的开头与结尾不是投机取巧，开头和结尾只是行文的一部分，最为重要的还是行文的内容，因此，功夫应在考场之外。

第三篇：高中英语易混易错词汇小结(二)

高中英语易混易错词汇小结

（二）<李雨制作>

51.in class, in the class

in class 在课上，in the class 在班级里，如：He is the best student in the class.52.on fire, on the fire

on fire 着火，on the fire 在火上，如：Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question, out of the question

out of question 毫无疑问的，out of the question 不可能的。

54.a second, the second

a second 又

一、再一，the second 第„„，如：He won the second prize.55.by day, by the day

by day 白天，by the day 按天计算，如：The workers are paid by the day.56.the people, a people

the people指人，a people指民族，如：The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it, one

it 指同一物体，one指同类不同一，如：I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的，如：I was ill.That's why„

59.none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人。---How many„/How much„?

---None.60.anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of；any one指人、物均可，可接of，如：any one of you。

61.who, what

who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位，如：

---What is your dad?

---He is a teacher.62.what, which

what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择，如：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

63.other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数，如：other students, another student

64.not a little, not a bit

not a little 非常，not a bit 一点也不，如：I’m not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。

65.many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of 可数、不可数均可，但不用于否定句，如：I haven’t many books.66.much more„than, many more„than

much more„than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more„than后接可数名词，如：many more people, much more water, much more beautiful。

67.no, not

no=not a/any，如：no friend=not a/any friendno water=not any water。

68.no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only，“仅仅、只有”，not more than “至多，不超过”。

69.majority, most

majority只能修饰可数名词，most修饰可数、不可数均可，如：the majority of people。

70.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself 单独的、独自的，for oneself 为自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的、自动的，如：The door opened of itself.71.at all, after all

at all 根本、全然，after all到底、毕竟，如：After all he is a child.72.tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体，如：He is tall.73.fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快，如：run fast, answer the question quickly。

74.high, highly

high指具体的高，highly指抽象的高、高度的，如：think highly of。

75.healthy, healthful

healthy 健康的、健壮的，healthful 有益于健康的，如：healthful exercise。

76.sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着、熟睡（只能做表语），sleepy困的、有睡意的，如：a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.I'm sleepy.77.gold, golden

gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish。如：a gold ring。

78.most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当“大部分、大多数”解时是形容词或名词；mostly“大部分”，是副词，如：most people, the people are mostly„

79.just, very

just表强调时是副词，作状语；very表强调时是形容词，用作定语。如：the very man, just the man。

80.wide, broad

wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广，如：broad shoulders。

81.real, true

real“真的、真实的”，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的；true“真的、真正的”，指的是事实和实际情况相符合。如：real gold, a true story。

82.respectful, respectable

respectful 尊敬、有礼貌，respectable 可敬的、值得尊敬的，如：be respectful to the aged。

83.outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词，表示“向外、外面”，outward还可用作形容词，如：an outward voyage。

84.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物，如：a pleasant trip，The trip is pleasing.85.understanding, understandable

understanding 明白事理的、能体谅的，understandable 可理解的、能够懂的，如：an understanding girl, an understandable mistake。

86.close, closely

close接近、靠近，closely紧紧地、紧密地，如：closely connected, stand close。

87.ill, sick

ill做表语，sick做定语、表语均可，如：a sick boy。

88.good, well

good是形容词；well是副词，但指身体状况时是形容词，如：He is well again.89.quiet, silent, still

quiet指安静的，可以发出小的声音；silent指不发出声音，但可以动；still指完全不动，完全无声响。如：He stand there still.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

90.hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不，如：work hard，I can hardly believe it.91.able, capable

able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用，如：He is capable of doing„

92.almost, nearly

二者均为“几乎、差不多”，和否定词连用用，如：almost nobody。

93.late, lately

late迟、晚，lately最近、近来，如：I haven't seen him lately.94.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为“活着的”。living做定语、表语均可；alive做定语、表语均可，定语后置；live只能做定语；lively意为活泼的，如：all the living people=all the people alive。

95.excited, exciting

excited（人）兴奋的，exciting（事、物）令人兴奋的，如：I'm excited.The news is exciting.96.deep, deeply

deep指具体的深，deeply指抽象的深、深深地，如：deeply moved, dig deep。

97.aloud, loud

aloud出声地，loud大声地，如：read aloud（出声地读）。

98.worth, worthy

二者均为“值得”，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done，如：It is worth visiting.= It's worthy to be visited.= It's worthy of being visited.99.bad, badly

bad为形容词；badly为副词，意为“不好”，但与need, want, require连用为“很、非常”，如：go bad／I need the book badly.100.before long, long before

before long 不久以后，long before 很久以前，如：not long before = before long。

第四篇：英语写作常用词汇及词组

英语写作常用词汇及词组

· 表层进· 表举例· 表解释· 表总结· 表强调· 表让步· 表比较· 表转折· 表时间

表层进

first, firstly to begin with

second, secondly to start with

third, thirdly what's more

also and then

and equally important

besides in addition

further in the first place

still furthermore

last last but not the least

next besides

too moreover

finally

表举例

for example for instance

to illustrate as an illustration

after all

表解释

as a matter of fact frankly speaking

in this case namely

in other words

表总结

in summary in a word

in brief in conclusion

to conclude in fact

indeed in short

in other words of course

it is true specially

namely in all

that is to summarize

thus as has been said

altogether in other words

finally in simpler terms

in particular that is

on the whole to put it differently

therefore

表强调

of course indeed

above all most important

emphasis certainly in fact

表让步

still nevertheless

in spite of all the same

even so after all

concession granted naturally

of course

表比较

in comparison likewise

similarly equally

however likewise

in the same way

表转折

by contrast although

at the same time but

in contrast nevertheless

notwithstanding on the contrary

on the other hand otherwise

regardless still

though yet

despite the fact that even so

even though for all that

however in spite of

instead

表时间

after a while afterward

again also

and then as long as

at last at length

at that time before

besides earlier

eventually finally

formerly further

furthermore in addition

in the first place in the past

last lately

meanwhile moreover

next now

presently second

shortly simultaneously

since so far

soon still

subsequently then

thereafter too

until until now

when

段首句:

（一）对立观点命题形式的首句：

1.Many people do not doubt that A is superior to B , while others think quite differently on the issue of _____.Personally, I stand on the side of A.2.Some people say A , other people argue B.In a word , _____.But I cannot agree this point of view for many reasons.3.There are different views concerning this topic.Some people like to CHOOSE A , some prefer to CHOOSE B.Personally , I prefer B.I think B has more advantages.4.From my point of view , it is more advisable to CHOOSE A than to CHOOSE B.5.Despite the fact that most people prefer A , I would like to choose B because the following reasons.6.In general , I prefer to _____.7.As far as I am concerned , I would like to prefer _____.8.When it comes to _____ , most people tend to believe A.But others consider B as _____.9.When asked about _____ , the vast majority of people would support that A.But others regard B as _____.10.At the risk of address the issue too direct , I prefer A because I think that _____.11.When asked about _____ , many people give their opinions that _____ , but other people may see _____ differently.12.When faced with _____ , quite a few would claim that _____ , but others , in contrast , deem _____ as _____.13.When inquired about _____ , the vast majority of people would like to _____ , but other people , who hold an opposite view , consider _____ as _____.14.When _____ is mentioned _____ , most people believe that _____ , but other people would rather think _____ as _____.15.While many people may stick to me idea that _____ , I would like to prefer _____.（二）单一观点式

A.Agree

1.One of the greatest writers once said that _____.Now , it still has its significant realistic value.2.I would follow the reasoning that _____.3.Many people advocate that _____.They claim that _____.My opinion is the same as theirs in the following reasons.4.I totally agree with the statement that _____.The reasons are presented below.5.After pondering this question on many occasions , I finally reached the conclusion that _____ is something worthy to do and I cannot skip it.6.my arguments for point are listed as follows.7.I agree with the above statement because _____.8.Nowhere in the world has the issue of _____ been so much debated like in our society.9.I agree with the statement that _____ without reservation because _____.10.Thinking logically , I can only say that the title statement is valid because _____.11.I fully support the statement above because I am very sure that _____.12.Some may hold the opinion that AAA.But others have a negative attitude.As far as I am concerned , I agree that _____.13.Many one have the idea that AAA.However , many others disagree with this argument.But both side of the problem whether _____ are supported by good reasons.14.Recently , it has been much debated over the problem of AAA.Those who object to AAA announce that _____.But those who favor AAA utter a sonorous voice that _____.15.Recently , there is vehement discussion on the issue of _____.Those who criticize _____ argue that _____.They claim that _____.But people who firmly advocate _____ , on the other hand , argue that _____.16.There is a much-debated problem today about _____.Those who object to _____ argue that _____.They are very sure about _____.But people who prefer _____ , on the other hand , claim that _____.B.Disagree

1.Until recently , _____ was viewed as _____.But people are taking a fresh look at it.2.Recently , we often hear about _____.But is it ?

3.These days , it is often heard about _____.But is this really the truth ?

4.I feel such an attitude is negative , and that it can bring _____.5.Some people argue as if it is a general truth that _____.But to be frank , I cannot agree with them for the flowing reasons.6.Despite the fact that many people believe that _____ , I doubt whether the argument can bear much analysis.7.Although some people hold the opinion that _____ , I wonder whether the argument could bear close examination.8.In the nationwide , discussion , many people argue that _____.But I can say nothing but _____.9.Advocates of AAA proclaim that _____ , but I _____.10.Until recently , _____ was regarded as _____.But _____.11.Some people think that _____ , but I disagree with this opinion for numerous reasons , as presented below.12.Now , it is increasingly mentioned that _____.Such people think _____.But I can only cast doubt on whether _____.13.Now , it is widely believed that _____.These people think _____.But I wonder if _____.14.I cannot totally the idea that _____.Because , in my point of view , I believe _____.15.As a matter of fact , I support that _____ , but I cannot agree with the title statement.16.Nowadays , it is widely held that _____.People of this kind think _____.But I doubt whether _____.结尾句:

1.Taking into account of all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that _____.2.All reliable evidences point to one saying , that is _____.3.For the reasons presented above , I strongly commit to the notion that _____.4.While it is true that _____ , I think that _____.5.Given the factors I have just outlined , I can only say that _____.6.This is not to say that _____.But in terms of _____ , it is _____.7.Therefore , it is easy to draw the conclusion that _____.8.Recognizing the fact that _____ should drive us to conclude that _____.9.To put all into a nutshell , I _____.10.In a word , I support the statement that it is better to _____ because

短文写作的基本模式

（一）议论文

(1)

It is generally believed that..is a hot topic which is widely talked about both at home and abroad.Now our government attaches great importance to solving this problem.Scicntists in this field have put forward a number of suggestions tending to relieve it.To begin with,we should..Furthermore,..It is clear that..People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people think that..According to them,all of us should..Others argue that..In their opinion,nobody can..without..There is no doubt that..As a consequence..In short,I firmly support the view that..It is because..So my conclusion is that..(107 words)

(2)

There is no denying the fact that … is popular topic which is much talked about not only by …, but also by … It is generally thought that … The reasons for … are as follows.To begin with, … Secondly , … Therefore,we should attach great significance to solving the problem.There are , I think ,at least two possible ways to cope with it.The first way to tackle it is to appeal to the authorities to take drastic measures to(do)… The other policy that is worth adopting is to work out new regulations to(do)… Only in this way can we succeed in dealing with the problem in the near future.To conclude ,it seems obvious … So the prospect we are looking forward to will be both bright and encouraging.(127 words)

（二）图表作文

As is shown in the table(or in the picutre), … dropped from … in 1996.According to the figures given in the table, … has greatly increased(or decreased)in the past … years(or decades), reaching … in 1996.From the table we can also see that there has been a sharp decline(or rise)in … It is clear that …

There are at least two good reasons for … On the one hand, … Let’s have an example to illustrate the great increase in … On the other hand, … is due to the fact that … In addition, … is responsible for … Maybe there are some other reasons to show … But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.As far as I am concerned, I believe that …… I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.(126 words)

第五篇：听力词汇

分类词汇与表达

饭店：menu, juice，main course(主菜)，tip(小费)make a reservation “预订”

Do you accept credit cards? 可以用信用卡吗?

May I see the wine list, please?请给我看一下酒单。

What do you recommend?有什么菜可以推荐的吗?

Do you have any local specialties? *local “这一地区的”，specialty “特色，特产”。

How would you like your steak（牛排）prepared?

Well-done, please.*rare“三成熟(中嫩的)”，medium “适中的，半成熟”，well-done “熟透”I'm on a diet.我在节食。

I could eat a horse.*直译是“我能吃下一匹马”。表示饿的程度，“非常地饿”。

Can you use chopsticks?你会用筷子吗?

Keep the change.不用找钱了。

I couldn't eat another bite.(再也吃不下了。)

May I have a receipt, please? 请开张发票。

旅馆：

Shower 淋浴air-conditioner空调, toilet卫生间lobby 大堂

check in/out办理入住或离开, make a reservation预定, register登记, reception desk 服务台 I want a double room with a bath.我要一间有浴室的双人房。

How much a day do you charge?每天收费多少？

医院：

clinic诊所surgeon外科医生physician内科医生dentist牙医vet兽医psychiatrist心理医生symptom症状flu流感

have/catch a cold感冒have a sore throat嗓子痛have a stomachache胃痛

have a fever发烧have a cough咳嗽have a headache头痛

have a toothache牙痛feel dizzy头晕feel chilly觉得发冷

vomit/throw up/nauseate呕吐pills药丸eyedrops眼药水

vitamin维他命tablet药片injection注射

cold cure感冒药take one's temperature量体温 feel one's pulse量脉搏

take one's blood pressure量血压 have an operation 动手术make an appointment预约 recover 恢复medical exam 体检cancer 癌症kidney 肾lung 肺

nervous system 神经系统virus 病毒

How about your appetite today? 今天你的胃口怎么样？

My father had a heart attack last night.我父亲昨天晚上心脏病发作了

We’ll give you an injection to bring down the temperature 我们将给您注射以便您的体温降下来。

银行 & 金钱：

open an account 开帐户, withdraw 取钱, deposit 存钱, saving存款, cash a check兑支票 bank teller 出纳员，accountant会计，financial problem经济问题

make a fortune 赚大钱exchange money 兑换货币coin 硬币

电话：

receiver 听筒operator 接线员collect call 对方付费电话

You’re wanted on the telephone.有你的电话。

Hold on，please.请稍等。

I want to make a long distance call.我想打个长途。

Pick up the receiver and deposit a coin in the slot.拿起话筒，然后将硬币投进硬币口中。

The line is busy.线路一直很忙。

You must have dialed the wrong number.你一定打错电话了。

Please leave a message on the answering machine? 在录音留言中留言

He hung up without saying a word.打错了, 我想。他一句话也没说就把电话挂了。

I’ll call you back as soon as possible.尽快给你回电话

邮局：

registered letter挂号信stamp邮票，envelope信封，parcel包裹，postage邮费，postcard明信片，postbox邮箱

学校：

Dormitory，dorm 宿舍，dining hall/cafeteria食堂，student union 学生会

Required course必修课，elective class选修课，credit 学分，tuition 学费

Diploma 文凭degree 学位master degree 硕士学位，Ph.d 博士学位

Bachelor degree 学士学位，undergraduate 本科生graduate 毕业生

Graduate student 研究生graduate school研究生院，大一到大四学生：freshman，sophomore, junior, senior，student ID 学生证

Major 专业，engineering工科，science 理科，literal arts 文科

Absence/absent 缺席, drop/skip the class 翘课play truant 逃学drop out of school 辍学

Dean 学院的院长，faculty 大学的全体教员，Part-time job 兼职，work-study program 勤工俭学计划apply for a loan 申请贷款

academic performance 学习成绩

GPA(Grade point average)：一些国家对于成绩的说法score/mark 分数

Debating team 辩论队chorus 合唱队soccer 足球poster 海报

Concentrate on study 专心学习

term paper n.学期报告presentation n.发言

飞机/机场：

flight, safety-belt, boarding card 登机卡, captain, airhostess（空姐）, airline, take off, land, crash, round ticket, economy class, passport护照visa签证

I haven't nothing to declare.我没有要申报的东西。

I'd like a refund on this ticket.我要退这张票。

I'd like to reconfirm my flight from London to Tokyo.我要再确认一下我从伦敦到东京的班机。

Do you have anything to declare? 你有东西要申报关税吗？

Is the departure time on schedule? 起飞时间准时吗？

What's the cause of the delay? 什么原因延误？

May I have baggage tags? 请给我行李标签好吗？

May I have a customs declaration form, please? 请给一份海关申报表好吗？

Where's a tax-free shop? 免税店在哪儿？

Could you help me find my baggage? 请你帮我找我的行李好吗？

Will the flight be canceled? 这班机会被取消吗？

What's the fare to New York, Economy Class? 去纽约的经济舱机票多少钱？

Are there any discount tickets for me? 给我有折扣吗？

What time does the plane take off? 飞机何时起飞呢？

One way or a round trip ticket? 单程票还是双程票呢？

What platform does the train leave from? 这班车从哪个站台开出呢？

Where is the boarding gate for this flight? 这班飞机的登机门在哪儿？

Where is the ticket office? 售票处在哪儿？

开车

Gasoline汽油，gas station加油站，garage 修车铺，车库，engine 引擎safety belt 安全带

Parking lot 停车场，traffic lights 红绿灯traffic jam 堵车Intersection/cross 十字路口，Get a ticket 罚单fine 罚款driving license 驾照one-way street 单行道

spare tire 备用轮胎a flat tire 车胎瘪了

看电影：

Horror movie恐怖片，detective movie 侦探片，cartoon卡通片，romance爱情片，happy ending喜剧结尾，drive-in 汽车影院，不必下车的露头影院

Popcorn 爆米花，soda汽水 coke 可乐

图书馆：

librarian 图书管理员

I am sorry, the book you borrowed is overdue, you can not renew/reserve it.您借的书已超期，不能续借/预约。

家居：

blanket 毛毯cushion 垫子quilt 被子pillow 枕头

carpet 地毯（大的整块的，铺房间的那种）rug 地毯（小块的，放在沙发等边上的那种）

sheet 床单 mattress 床垫（厚的那种）make bed 整理床铺

refrigerator，fridge, ice box 冰箱 oven 烤箱toaster 烤面包机apron 围裙

plate 盘子 dish 碟子bowl 碗spoon勺子fork 叉子

bathroom 浴室，厕所flush toilet 抽水马桶toilet tissue 卫生纸

bathtub 浴缸tap faucet 水龙头towel 毛巾

comb 梳子soap 肥皂shampoo 洗发露

conditioner 护发素dryer 吹风机razor 刮胡刀

toothpaste 牙膏toothbrush 牙刷sink 水池

ashtray 烟灰缸door knob 门把手corridor 走廊balcony 阳台elevator 升降电梯hook 钩子

electric iron 电熨斗carpenter 木工plumber 管道工

washing machine 洗衣机plug 插头glue 胶水

packing paper 包装纸scissors 剪刀hammer 锤子

nail 钉子curtain 窗帘drawer 抽屉

I put too much detergent in the washer.我在洗衣机里放了太多的洗衣粉。

This stain is really stubborn.这污垢去不掉。

Will you press this shirt for me? 可以帮我把这件衬衫烫平吗？

Power failure 停电Soap opera/TV play/TV serials 电视剧，肥皂剧

工作/面试：

Resume 简历，personnel manager人事经理，board 董事会，business trip 出差，promotion，promote升职，employ/hire 雇佣

Do you have any sales experience? 你有销售经验吗？

What work were you responsible for at your previous work unit？你在以前的部门负责什么工作

My coworker got a raise but I didn't.我的同事加薪了，可我却没有。

I am fed up with the way the boss treats me, I quit.我受够了老板对我的态度，我辞职了。

Tom was fired for slacking at work.汤姆因为工作偷懒被炒鱿鱼了。

I just heard that seven people are going be laid off next month.我刚听到公司要裁七位员工.I need a sick leave for two days."(我需要请两天病假.)

I refuse to work overtime during the weekend.我拒绝在周末时加班.性格 & 外貌

Talkative 健谈，sociable好交际的，sensitive 敏感的，shy害羞的outgoing外向的Easygoing 随和的absent-minded 心不在焉的forgetful健忘的stubborn 固执的Strong-minded 有主见的snobbish 势力的aggressive 好斗的，有野心的Ambitious 有抱负的，conservative 保守的Pessimistic悲观的 Narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的Dishonest 不诚实的Selfish 自私的Bad-tempered/ill-tempered 脾气暴燥的Bossy专横跋扈的Greedy贪婪的 Optimistic 乐观的Cheerful 开朗的Open-minded 思想开明的 Intelligent/Clever/Smart有才智的聪明的Creative 有创造性的 Determined 有决心的Courageous/Brave 勇敢的Caring 关爱的 Generous 慷慨的Warm-hearted 热心肠的 Trustworthy 值得信任的 Upright正直的 Sincere真诚的Obedient听话孝顺的 Modest谦虚的 Unselfish无私的 Tolerant容忍的 Considerate/Thoughtful体贴人的 Understanding 理解人的Sympathetic确有同情心的 Supportive/Helpful助人的 Hardworking 不辞辛苦Responsible 负责任的 Practical务实的 Dedicated 专注的有献身精神的Humorous幽默的 Independent 自立的Charming/attractive/appealing 迷人的Slender/slim 苗条overweight 超重的plump 丰满的skinny骨瘦如柴的smart 潇洒的/聪明的特殊的数字

quarter 一刻钟、四分之

一、季度a dozen 一打、十二个score 二十

monthly 一月一次daily 一日一次weekly 每周一次

fortnight 两星期decade 十年century 世纪、百年 millennium 千年