西南交大 计算机绘图A客观题答案(1-3次作业)

第一篇：西南交大 计算机绘图A客观题答案(1-3次作业)

计算机绘图A客观题答案（1-3次作业）

第1次作业

本次作业是本门课程本学期的第1次作业，注释如下：

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共10道小题)1.世界坐标系原点的位置，将

(A)始终在绘图区域的左下角(B)由UCS命令设定

(C)由LIMITS命令对绘图界限的设置来确定(D)由ZOOM命令设定 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

2.在点的坐标输入中，实现相对坐标输入的方法为

(A)设置用户坐标系(B)不能使用相对坐标(C)直接输入坐标数据(D)在坐标数据前加@符号 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

3.在AutoCAD中，用户坐标系是

(A)禁止使用的

(B)由用户根据需要设定，数量不限(C)和世界坐标系完全相同(D)用户只能设定一个 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

4.对一条点划线执行OFFSET命令，偏移出的直线将是

(A)实线(B)点划线(C)由当前图层的线型确定

(D)根据此前执行LINETYPE 命令所设定的线型确定 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

5.对于正在操作的命令要想终止它，需

(A)按Ctrl-C键(B)按Esc键

(C)单击标准工具条上的Undo按钮(D)按空格键

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

6.将某一图层锁定，则该图层

(A)既不可见，也不能编辑(B)仍可见，但不能编辑

(C)仍可见，也能编辑，但不能将该层删除(D)不参加重新生成运算 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

7.将某一图层冻结，则该图层

(A)不能显示和编辑(B)不能参加重新生成运算(C)不能输出

(D)不能显示、编辑、输出，不参加重新生成运算 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

8.将某一图层关闭，则该图层

(A)不能显示和编辑(B)不能显示、编辑和输出(C)不能输出(D)不能显示、编辑和输出，也不参加重新生成运算 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

9.将某一图层设为不可打印，则该图层

(A)可见、可编辑，但不能打印输出(B)不能参加重新生成运算

(C)仍可见，但不能编辑和打印输出(D)不能显示、编辑和打印输出 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

10.用MIRROR作镜像图形时，原图

(A)可由用户决定是否保留(B)不能保留(C)必须保留(D)自动保留

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

二、判断题(判断正误，共8道小题)11.构造线命令XLINE是无限长直线，但它可以被断开和修剪

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

12.执行线型比例命令LTSCALE只是为了改善非实线线型的显示效果，并不影响这些线型的实际输出

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

13.绘制实心区域命令SOLID只能绘制三角形或四边形的填充区域

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

14.二维多段线命令PLINE，可以画直线段和圆弧段，但不能定义线宽

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

15.重画命令REDRAW和重新生成命令REGEN作用是相同的，都是进行屏幕图形刷新的

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

16.拖动命令PAN不仅可以将屏幕上的图形移动显示，也可以改变图形的实际坐标位置

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

17.显示缩放命令ZOOM不仅可以缩放显示屏幕上的图形，也可以改变图形的实际大小

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

18.线型、线宽和颜色只能在图层中设置，无法对图线进行单独定义

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

第2次作业

本次作业是本门课程本学期的第2次作业，注释如下：

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共6道小题)1.用WBLOCK命令进行图块存盘，可以保存的对象为

(A)用BLOCK命令定义的块(B)由用户选择保存的对象(C)整个图形(D)以上均可

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

2.用BLOCK命令将当前图形定义成块后，当前图形将

(A)在屏幕上保持原状不变(B)由用户决定是否保留(C)自动变成块保留在屏幕上

(D)从屏幕上消失，再用OOPS命令即可将其恢复 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

3.用INSERT命令进行图块的插入，可以插入的对象为

(A)用BLOCK命令定义的块(B)用WBLOCK命令保存的块(C)其他图形文件(D)以上均可

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

4.AutoCAD中的表面模型

(A)是用二维绘图方法建立的平面(B)是对三维物体的轮廓进行的描述

(C)不仅定义了三维物体的轮廓，而且还定义了它的表面，具有面的特征(D)具有体的特征，用户可以对它进行挖孔、剖切以及进行布尔运算操作 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

5.三维面（3DFACE）命令可构造出空间任意位置的平面，一个三维面

(A)是任意多边形平面

(B)是3或4个顶点的多边形平面(C)只能是三角形平面(D)只能是四边形平面 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

6.三维多义线（3DPOLY）命令

(A)只能画直线段，不能画圆弧，亦不能定义线宽(B)与二维多义线（PLINE）命令相同(C)可以画直线段、圆弧，亦能定义线宽(D)只能画曲线，能定义线宽 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

二、判断题(判断正误，共12道小题)7.使用TEXT注写单行文本时，在文本内容中不得含有空格，因为按了空格键等效于按了回车键。

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

8.用WBLOCK进行块存盘时，必须是先用BLOCK命令定义过的块

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

9.使用EXPLODE命令可以将块、尺寸标注等打碎，所以在执行一次该命令后，再插入的块、标注的尺寸也就不再是整体的了，它们已被分解成可以单独编辑的散件

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

10.填充图案的颜色、线型不是固定不变的，即使已经填充好了也可以随着所在图层的颜色、线型的设置变化而变化

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

11.二维绘图命令是针对XY坐标面设计的，在三维绘图中要使用UCS命令将XY坐标面定义在物体的某个表面上，才可以对该表面使用二维绘图命令画图

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

12.二维绘图命令是针对XY坐标面设计的，因此在三维绘图中不能使用二维绘图命令，只能使用三维绘图命令

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

13.将平行于XY平面的二维图形沿Z轴方向拉伸生成三维形体的方法叫二维半绘图，二维半绘图生成的是线框模型

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

14.三维多段线命令，只可以画直线段，不能画圆弧，也不能定义线宽

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

15.三维多段线命令和二维多义线命令一样，可以画直线段，也可以画圆弧，也能定义线宽

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

16.三维面（3DFACE）命令可构造出空间任意位置的平面，构造平面时每个面只能由在同一个平面上的4个顶点确定

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

17.三维模型从某个方向观察即得到三维图形。在AutoCAD中三维图形只能是正轴测投影，不能显示成透视图

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

18.三维模型从某个方向观察即得到三维图形。在AutoCAD中三维图形可以是正轴测投影或斜轴测投影，也可以显示成透视图

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

第3次作业

本次作业是本门课程本学期的第3次作业，注释如下：

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共5道小题)1.在图纸空间中去访问模型空间，可以通过 实现(A)TILEMODE=1(B)PSPACE命令(C)MVIEW命令

(D)单击状态行上的图纸（PAPER）按钮 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

2.布尔运算交、并、差的操作对象为

(A)已建立的几个实体模型(B)已建立的几个表面模型

(C)已建立的几个表面模型或实体模型

(D)已建立的几个线框模型、表面模型或实体模型 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

3.三维绘图中，在物体的某个表面上画图

(A)可直接使用二维绘图命令

(B)用UCS命令将该表面定义成XY坐标面，再使用二维绘图命令(C)可直接使用三维绘图命令(D)只能使用建立表面模型的命令 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

4.SOLVIEW和SOLDRAW命令是

(A)一对相伴命令，在模型空间画出剖视图

(B)一对相伴命令，可在图纸空间画出多面正投影和剖视图(C)图纸空间中的编辑和绘图命令

(D)在模型空间创建多重视窗的一对相伴命令 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

5.在渲染操作中，背景可以设置成(A)纯色(B)渐变色(C)图像文件(D)以上均可

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

二、判断题(判断正误，共11道小题)6.倒圆角FILLET命令可对二维图形进行倒圆角，也可对三维实体模型进行倒圆角操作

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

7.倒棱角CHAMFER命令可对二维图形进行倒棱角，也可对三维实体模型进行倒棱角操作

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

8.使用SECTION命令可指定剖切平面将三维实体剖切，生成断面图形，而三维实体不会改变 你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

9.使用切割SLICE命令可将三维实体模型切开，保留其某一半或两者均保留

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

10.使用切割SLICE命令可将任意图形切开，保留其某一半或两者均保留

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

11.使用EXPLODE命令可以将实体模型打碎，得到表面模型，表面模型再打碎可得线框模型。但是这个过程不可逆

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

12.三维实体是真正的实心立体，它具有体的特征，可以对其进行挖孔、切割以及作布尔运算等操作

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

13.在渲染操作中，所有的光源，都可以自动产生阴影效果

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

14.在渲染操作中，平行光源，其亮度在传播过程中可以设置为衰减

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：

15.在渲染操作中，点光源，其亮度在传播过程中可以设置为衰减

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

16.在渲染操作中，聚光灯光源，其亮度在传播过程中可以设置为衰减

你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

第二篇：西南交大结构设计原理(钢结构)第1-4次作业(客观题)

第一次作业

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共15道小题)1.下列情况中，属于正常使用极限状态的情况是(A)强度破坏(B)丧失稳定(C)连接破坏

(D)动荷载作用下过大的振动 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

2.钢材作为设计依据的强度指标是(A)比例极限fp(B)弹性极限fe(C)屈服强度fy(D)极限强度fu

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

3.需要进行疲劳计算条件是：直接承受动力荷载重复作用的应力循环次数n大于或等于(A)5×104(B)2×104(C)5×105(D)5×106

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

4.焊接部位的应力幅计算公式为

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

5.应力循环特征值（应力比）ρ=σmin/σmax将影响钢材的疲劳强度。在其它条件完全相同情况下，下列疲劳强度最低的是(A)对称循环ρ=-1(B)应力循环特征值ρ=+1(C)脉冲循环ρ=0(D)以压为主的应力循环 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

6.与侧焊缝相比，端焊缝的(A)疲劳强度更高(B)静力强度更高(C)塑性更好(D)韧性更好

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

7.钢材的屈强比是指

(A)比例极限与极限强度的比值(B)弹性极限与极限强度的比值(C)屈服强度与极限强度的比值(D)极限强度与比例极限的比值 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

8.钢材因反复荷载作用而发生的破坏称为(A)塑性破坏(B)疲劳破坏(C)脆性断裂(D)反复破坏

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

9.规范规定：侧焊缝的计算长度不超过60 hf，这是因为侧焊缝过长(A)不经济

(B)弧坑处应力集中相互影响大(C)计算结果不可靠(D)不便于施工

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

10.下列施焊方位中，操作最困难、焊缝质量最不容易保证的施焊方位是(A)平焊(B)立焊(C)横焊(D)仰焊

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

11.有一由两不等肢角钢短肢连接组成的T形截面轴心受力构件，与节点板焊接连接，则肢背、肢尖内力分配系数K1、K2为

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

12.轴心受力构件用侧焊缝连接，侧焊缝有效截面上的剪应力沿焊缝长度方向的分布是(A)两头大中间小(B)两头小中间大(C)均匀分布(D)直线分布

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

13.焊接残余应力不影响钢构件的(A)疲劳强度(B)静力强度(C)整体稳定(D)刚度

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

14.将下图（a）改为（b）是为了防止螺栓连接的

(A)栓杆被剪坏(B)杆与孔的挤压破坏(C)被连构件端部被剪坏(D)杆受弯破坏

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

15.规范规定普通螺栓抗拉强度设计值只取螺栓钢材抗拉强度设计值的0.8倍，是因为(A)偏安全考虑

(B)考虑实际作用时可能有偏心的影响(C)撬力的不利影响(D)上述A、B、C 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C

第二次作业

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共20道小题)1.受剪栓钉连接中，就栓钉杆本身而言，不存在疲劳问题的连接是(A)普通螺栓(B)铆钉连接

(C)承压型高强度螺栓(D)受剪摩擦型高强度螺栓 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

2.(A)螺栓材料不均匀性的折减系数(B)超张拉系数(C)附加安全系数

(D)考虑拧紧螺栓时扭矩产生的剪力的不利影响 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

3.以被连板件间之间的静力摩擦力作为其极限值的连接是(A)普通螺栓连接(B)铆钉连接

(C)摩擦型高强度螺栓连接(D)承压型高强度螺栓连接 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

4.用螺栓连接的轴心受力构件，除了要验算净截面强度外，还要进行毛截面强度验算的连接螺栓连接是(A)普通粗制螺栓连接(B)普通精制螺栓连接(C)摩擦型高强度螺栓连接(D)承压型高强度螺栓连接 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

5.提高轴心受压构件的钢号，能显著提高构件的(A)静力强度(B)整体稳定(C)局部稳定(D)刚度

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

6.钢结构规范关于轴心受压钢构件整体稳定的柱子曲线（φ-λ关系曲线）有多条的根本原因是考虑了(A)材料非弹性(B)构件的初弯曲(C)残余应力的影响(D)材料非均匀

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

7.工字形截面轴心受压钢构件局部稳定的验算方法是(A)和整体稳定一样验算应力(B)验算宽厚比，且认为是“细长柱”(C)验算宽厚比，且认为是“粗短柱”(D)验算刚度

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

8.(A)绕x轴的长细比λx(B)绕y轴的长细比λy

(C)

(D)你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

9.采用格构式轴心受压构件，可以显著提高(A)构件的强度(B)构件绕虚轴的刚度(C)构件绕实轴的刚度(D)构件的局部稳定 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

10.宽大截面轴心受压钢构件腹板局部稳定的处理方法：当构件的强度、整体稳定、刚度

绰绰有余时，应采用

(A)增加腹板厚度以满足宽厚比要求(B)设置纵向加劲肋(C)任凭腹板局部失稳

(D)设置纵向加劲肋、横向加劲肋和短加劲肋 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

11.焊接组合梁翼缘的局部稳定保证通常是(A)验算宽厚比（增加翼缘厚度）(B)设置横向加劲肋(C)设置纵向加劲肋(D)设置短加劲肋 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

12.焊接组合梁翼缘和腹板（工字形截面）的连接焊缝承受的是(A)弯矩作用

(B)弯矩和剪力共同作用(C)拉力作用(D)剪力作用

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

13.直接承受动力荷载的端焊缝强度提高系数为(A)βf=1.0(B)βf=1.22(C)βf=1.05(D)βf=1.15 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

14.吊车钢梁在设计荷载作用下应按哪个应力阶段设计计算(A)弹性阶段(B)弹塑性阶段(C)全塑性阶段(D)强化阶段

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

15.工字形组合截面吊车钢梁在进行抗弯强度计算时，截面塑性部分发展系数取值为(A)γx=γy =1.0(B)γx=1.05, γy=1.2(C)γx=1.15, γy=1.2(D)γx=1.05, γy=1.15 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

16.下列截面中，抗扭刚度最大的截面形式是(A)工字形截面(B)T形截面(C)H形截面(D)箱形截面

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

17.（静力荷载作用下）工字形截面梁的截面部分塑性发展系数为(A)rx=1.0,ry=1.0(B)rx=1.05,ry=1.2(C)rx=1.2,ry=1.05(D)rx=1.05,ry=1.05 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

18.格构式构件应该用在当用实腹式时(A)强度有余但刚度不足的情况(B)强度不足但刚度有余的情况(C)强度不足刚度也不足的情况(D)强度有余刚度也有余的情况 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

19.轴心受压钢构件（如工字形截面）翼缘和腹板的宽厚比验算时，公式中的长细比取截面两主轴方向较大者是因为(A)这样更为安全(B)这样更为经济(C)这样更容易通过

(D)材料力学公式中总体稳定由较大长细比方向控制 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

20.在其它条件相同情况下，简支钢梁在下列哪种受力情况下对应的临界弯矩值最低(A)全跨匀布荷载(B)跨中一集中荷载(C)纯弯曲(D)任意荷载

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C

第三次作业

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共15道小题)1.某轴心受压钢构件绕x轴和绕y轴属于同一条的柱子曲线（即ф-λ关系曲线或表格），则，两轴等稳定的条件是

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

2.钢材蓝脆现象发生的温度大约是(A)2000C(B)2500C(C)3000C(D)3500C 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

3.钢构件的受剪连接中栓钉类型不同，孔洞对构件强度削弱的程度不同。孔洞对构件强度削弱最小的是(A)普通螺栓连接(B)摩擦型高强度螺栓连接(C)承压型高强度螺栓连接(D)铆顶连接

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

4.轴心受压钢构件总体稳定验算时，容许应力折减系数φ所对应的长细比λ是绕(A)两主轴方向长细比中的较大者(B)两主轴方向长细比中的较小者(C)绕弱轴方向的长细比

(D)两主轴方向长细比中，所对应的φ较小者 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

5.型钢构件不需要进行(A)强度验算(B)总体稳定验算(C)局部稳定验算(D)刚度验算

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

6.下列哪种情况属于正常使用极限状态(A)梁在动载作用下的振动(B)动载作用下的疲劳(C)板件的宽厚比验算

(D)钢梁腹板加劲肋的设置与计算 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

7.除了保证钢梁腹板局部稳定外，还要承受作用位置固定的集中荷载的加劲肋是(A)竖向（横向）加劲肋

(B)水平（纵向）加劲肋(C)短加劲肋(D)支承加劲肋

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

8.相同钢号情况下，钢板越厚(A)强度越高、塑性越好(B)强度越高、塑性越差(C)强度越低、塑性越好(D)强度越低、塑性越差 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

9.焊接组合梁在弯矩作用下，翼缘和腹板（工字形截面）的连接焊缝有效截面上承受的是(A)拉应力(B)压应力(C)剪应力

(D)拉、压、剪应力都有 你选择的答案： D [错误] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

10.受剪栓钉连接中，被连板件不容许相对滑动的连接是(A)普通螺栓连接(B)铆钉连接

(C)摩擦型高强度螺栓连接(D)承压型高强度螺栓连接 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：

11.角焊缝每个弧坑考虑的长度为(A)被焊板件厚度t(B)(C)2倍被焊板件厚度2t

(D)你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：

12.强度计算时，不考虑截面部分塑性发展的构件是(A)轴心受力构件(B)受弯构件(C)拉弯构件(D)压弯构件

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

13.钢梁当确定的(A)弹性阶段失稳(B)弹塑性阶段失稳(C)全塑性阶段失稳(D)不会失稳

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考： b>0.6时，说明梁在

14.当缀条柱单肢的长细比不满足不需进行稳定计算的规定时，需进行单肢的稳定性计算。这时，单肢稳定计算应按(A)轴心受拉验算(B)轴心受压验算(C)压弯构件验算(D)拉弯构件验算 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：

15.梁截面改变的方法没有(A)改变翼缘宽度(B)改变翼缘厚度(C)改变梁的高度(D)改变腹板厚度 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：

二、判断题(判断正误，共11道小题)16.钢结构的疲劳计算方法为容许应力法。你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

17.影响钢结构（一般）脆性断裂的主要因素有：钢材本身的质量、应力集中程度、低温和应力比。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：无应力比（也可以换成钢板厚度）。

18.对焊透的对接焊缝，当满足下列条件之一者，强度已满足，无需进行强度验算：

① 焊缝质量得以保证（即一、二级焊缝）;

② 焊缝有效截面不低于焊件有效截面（即采用引弧板）。

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：…同时满足时…。

19.试验表明：端焊缝的强度和塑性高于侧焊缝。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…塑性低于侧焊缝。

20.轴心受压钢构件柱子曲线（φ-λ关系曲线）有多条的原因是因为考虑了回转半径的不同。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…残余应力的影响。

21.当摩擦型高强度螺栓的拉力Nt=0.8P时，构件间的有效夹紧力为零。所以，同时受剪和受拉的摩擦型高强度螺栓的抗剪承载力设计值为Nvb=0.9nfμ(P-0.8Nt)。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…Nvb=0.9nfμ(P-1.25Nt)

22.应力集中将引起三向同号受力，三向同号受力的屈服强度比单向受力高。所以，更不容易发生脆性破坏。你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确

解答参考：…更有可能发生脆性破坏。

23.（受剪）摩擦型高强度螺栓连接在动荷载作用下，螺栓杆可能会发生疲劳破坏。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…不可能会发生疲劳破坏。

24.提高钢号对提高轴心受压钢构件的稳定承载力有显著效果（与钢材设计强度成正比）。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：…无显著效果。

25.任何螺栓连接的构件，由于孔洞对构件截面有削弱，所以，强度验算只需要对净截面进行。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…摩擦型高强度螺栓连接除外。

26.双肢格构式轴心受压构件分肢间距是通过绕虚轴与绕实轴等稳定原则确定。你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确

第四次作业

一、判断题(判断正误，共9道小题)1.宽厚比验算属于正常使用极限状态。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…承载能力极限状态。

2.所有钢构件的刚度验算都是验算长细比。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误 解答参考：除钢梁外…。

3.对接焊缝的强度计算方法和焊件强度计算方法是一样的。你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

4.栓钉杆直径越小，被连板件越厚，越有可能栓钉杆与孔壁间挤压控制受剪栓钉单个栓钉承载力。

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…越有可能发生螺栓杆受剪皮坏。

5.钢梁从开始受荷载作用到破坏，要经历弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段、屈服阶段和强化阶段。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段、全塑性阶段。

6.通常情况下，钢梁翼缘板和腹板的局部稳定都是通过设置加劲肋来保证。

你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…钢梁翼缘板通过限制宽厚比…。

7.钢梁的最小梁高由建筑高度控制（决定）。你选择的答案： 说法错误 [正确] 正确答案：说法错误

解答参考：…由刚度条件…。

8.焊接残余应力是自相平衡的。你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确 解答参考：

9.焊接组合梁翼缘板与腹板的连接焊缝（侧焊缝）的长度不受你选择的答案： 说法正确 [正确] 正确答案：说法正确

60hf的限制。

第三篇：西南交大大学英语IV第1-5次作业(客观题全部)

第一次作业

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共40道小题)1.– David, I got an A in Accounting!–_________________________

(A)I was surprised to hear the news.(B)Are you kidding?(C)That’s a pity.(D)Congratulations!你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D 当得知他人在考试中取得好成绩时，首先应向对方表示祝贺，故D项为正确答案。A，B，C三个选项都不符合礼貌习惯。

2.– How do you think of this test? –_________________________(A)I got 85.(B)Good luck.(C)It’s a piece of cake.(D)Don’t worry about it.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C 该题题干是询问对方对于考试的看法，“a piece of cake”表示“容易的事，小菜一碟”，说明回答者认为此次考试很容易，因此只有选项C符合上下文语境。

3.– Do you like Professor Zhang’s classes? –_________________________(A)I never miss her class.(B)Chemistry is difficult to study.(C)I take a course in Chemistry.(D)Professor Zhang is a strict teacher.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A 说话者询问对方是否喜欢上张教授的课，选项A的言外之意是回答者十分喜欢教授的课因而从不缺席，故选A，其它三个选项不合题意。

4.– What school subject do you like best? –_________________________(A)I hate Physics.(B)English is my favorite.(C)I dislike Computer Science.(D)I major in World History.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B 该题是问听话者最喜欢的学科，而A，C选项都表示的“不喜欢……”，因此不正确，而答案D意为专业是世界历史，并不代表是最喜欢的科目，所以只有B项正确。

5.– Excuse me, I’m a freshman here.Could you show me the way to the library? –_________________________(A)I’m very busy.(B)That’s all right.(C)That’s my pleasure.(D)Never mind.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C 当别人向自己问路或要求带路时，根据礼貌习惯首先应表示乐意，这时可以说“That’s my pleasure”；如果因忙碌等原因拒绝请求时，应先表示歉意，故选项A不正确。B，D都不符合语境。

6.– What are you majoring in? –_________________________

(A)I’m interested in Chemistry.(B)I’ll take English Exam next Monday.(C)That’s a difficult major.(D)My major is Library Science.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D 该题题干是问对方的专业，故只有D项正确。

7.– May I introduce Professor Chen to you? He’s our English teacher.–_________________________(A)I’m Wang Ming.(B)Pleased to meet you, Professor Chen.(C)I’ll take your course this term.(D)You are a good teacher.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B 在英语中当别人向自己介绍朋友或长辈时，应首先表示问候。除选项B的问候方式以外，我们还可以使用句型“Nice to meet you”，“Glad to see you”等。

8.– How was your winter vacation? –_________________________(A)I dislike traveling.(B)Yes, my holiday was wonderful.(C)Great!I visited Li Jiang in Yun Nan Province.(D)It’s hard to say.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C 说话者询问对方寒假过得如何，B项虽然符合上下文语境，但不符合特殊疑问句的回答，故只有C项正确。

9.–I think English course is interesting.How do you think of it? –_________________________(A)I couldn’t agree more.(B)Our English teacher is very humorous.(C)English is important for us.(D)The exam is too difficult to pass.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A “I couldn’t agree more”意思是表示完全赞同，故回答者是同意对方的观点，认为英语课很有趣。其余选项均不正确。

10.–Are you busy with your study this term? –_________________________(A)Excuse me, I’m busy.(B)It’s far from being easy.(C)Not likely.(D)Yeah, you know, we are required to hand in three term papers.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D 本题A项是干扰项，说话者询问对方本学期是否学业繁忙，所以“抱歉，我很忙”的回答并不正确。

11.Why not ______ to Professor Chen for advice? He is an expert in this field.(A)go(B)to go(C)you go(D)your going 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A “Why not”加不带to的不定式句型可以表示提出建议。【译文】为何不去征求陈教授的意见呢？他是这个领域的专家。

12.The term “SOHO” has ______ a lot recently in the newspapers and magazines.(A)come across(B)come by(C)come up(D)come round 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C come up表示“出现，被提及，发生”；come across意为“偶遇，不期而遇”；come by意为“途径，经过”； come round 表示“苏醒，绕道”。【译文】“SOHO”这个术语最近经常出现在报纸和杂志上。

13.The work______ be completed before this weekend.(A)ought(B)must(C)had better to(D)should to 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B must在此句中意为“必须”；ought后须接to，had better和should后接不带to 的动词原形。【译文】这项工作必须在周末之前完成。

14.There is always ______ for improvement no matter how much you have already done.(A)place(B)area(C)room(D)space 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C room for 意为“有……的余地，有……的空间”，此时用作不可数名词，常见的搭配有：leave room for“给……留出空地方”；make room for“为……腾出空位”。【译文】无论你已经付出了多少努力，总还是有提高的余地。

15.Unfortunately he could not ______ the danger at that time.(A)prepare(B)pretend(C)perform(D)perceive 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D perceive意为“察觉，感知”；prepare意为“准备，预备”；pretend意为“假装，装扮”；perform意为“表演，履行，执行”。【译文】不幸的是，他当时没能意识到危险。

16.Because of the strong sun, Mrs.White’s new dinning-room curtains ______ from dark blue to gray within a year.(A)disappeared(B)faded(C)paled(D)grew 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B fade（多指颜色、声音等）消退，变得模糊；（花）凋谢、枯萎；disappear意为“消失，不见”； pale做动词意为“变苍白，使失色”；grow表示“生长，成长”。只有选项B可以用来指颜色褪色。【译文】 由于日照太强，怀特太太家的餐厅新窗帘在一年之内由深蓝色褪成了灰色。

17.I want to go to the dentist, but you ______ with me.(A)need not to go(B)do not need go(C)need not go(D)need go not 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C 本题考查need作为情态动词的用法。作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形；如作实义动词，则和助动词连用，后加to。【译文】我要去看牙医，但是你没有必要跟我一起去。

18.The traffic police were searching for evidence to prove the man’s ______.(A)mistake(B)fault(C)shortcoming(D)error 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B fault可以指严重的过失，侧重于造成错误的个人责任；mistake 和error 都指一般性的错误，shortcoming意为“缺点，短处”。【译文】交警一直在寻找证据以证明该男子有过失。

19.He ______ that he had been in prison twice before.(A)revealed(B)revised(C)rewrote(D)returned 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A reveal表示“透露，揭示”；revise指“修正，修改”；rewrite指“重写，改写”；return意为“返回，回报”。【译文】他透露自己曾坐过两次牢。

20.By signing the lease we made a ______ to pay a rent of ＄450 a month.(A)comment(B)communication(C)commitment(D)decision 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C commitment意为“承诺，许诺”；comment意为“评论，意见”；communication意为“交流，通讯”；decision 意为“决定，决心”。【译文】通过签订租约，我们承诺每月付租金450美元。

21.Footsteps ______ his return.(A)pronounced(B)declared(C)claimed(D)announced 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D 选项中只有announce可以表示“宣布，通报（某人或某物）的到来或出席”pronounce表示“发音”；declare表示“宣称，声明”；claim意为“声称，主张，要求”。【译文】听见脚步声，知道他回来了。

22.Physicists from all over the world came to the U.S.to ______ the hundredth anniversary of Einstein’s birth.(A)congratulate(B)celebrate(C)decorate(D)participate 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B celebrate指以行动（如送礼，开宴会）来庆祝生日、节日等；congratulate表示“祝贺，庆贺”,一般只以言语表达贺意，且须搭配介词on；decorate意为“装饰，装修”；participate指“参与，参加”，后面搭配介词in。【译文】世界各地的物理学家将齐聚美国，庆祝爱因斯坦诞辰一百周年。

23.You’ll have more chances of promotion ______ you work hard.(A)since(B)while(C)as(D)once 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D once作连词意为“一旦，一……就……”；since作连词时可表“因为，既然，自…以来”；while作连词时意为“虽然，当……的时候”； as作连词表示“因为，当……的时候”。【译文】一旦你努力工作，就会得到更多升职的机会。

24.The police have begun to ______ the murder case, but in vain.(A)look into(B)look up(C)look out(D)look after 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A look into意为“调查，观察”；look up意为“查阅（字典或资料）”；look out 意为“小心，当心”；look after 意为“照料，看管”。【译文】警察已经着手调查这起谋杀案，但毫无收获。

25.It ______ last night, for the ground is wet.(A)must rain(B)must be going to rain(C)must have rained(D)ought to rain 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C must后加动词完成式表示对过去发生事情肯定的推测。【译文】昨晚肯定下过雨，因为地面是湿的。

26.She ______ what she thinks.(A)dare not say(B)dares not say(C)dare not to say(D)dares not says 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A 同need一样，dare作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形；如作实义动词，则和助动词连用，后加to。【译文】她不敢说出她的想法。

27.I’m sorry;this kind of T-shirt is not ______ in your color and size.(A)unavailable(B)available(C)avoidable(D)able 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B 形容词available表示“可得到的，可利用的，有空的”；如前面加上否定前缀un则表示难以获得的；avoidable意为“可以避免的，能够避免的”；able通常用在be able to do sth 的结构中，表示能够做某事，有能力做某事。【译文】很抱歉，这款T恤没有你要的颜色和尺码。

28.My trousers ______ when I tried to jump over the fence.(A)cracked(B)split(C)broke(D)burst 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B split意为“撕裂，裂开”；crack意为“爆裂，断裂 ”，尤指瓷器，管道等事物爆裂；break指“打碎，粉碎”；burst 意为“爆发，爆炸”。本句中裤子因为用力而撕裂，不是爆裂或破碎，故选B。【译文】我试图跳过栅栏时，裤子撕破了。

29.The teacher ______ be in the office;maybe he is in the library.(A)might(B)could(C)may not(D)can not 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元] C 根据前后逻辑关系，首先应排除选项A和B。may not表示“可能不”，而 can not 意为“不可能”，故C为正确答案。【译文】老师可能不在办公室，他也许在图书馆。

30.Tom was busily ______ painting the furniture.(A)engaged(B)engaged in(C)engaged to(D)engaged with 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B be engaged in为固定搭配，表示“忙于做某事，从事”。【译文】汤姆正忙于给家具刷油漆。

31.The conflict with James has ______ for two years.(A)moved on(B)went on(C)kept on(D)dragged on 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D drag on 意为“拖延，持续”；move on表示“继续移动,前进”；go on 意为“继续下去，进行”；keep on意味“继续”。【译文】与詹姆士之间的冲突持续了两年。

32.The country ______ too many wars.(A)went through(B)went after(C)went by(D)went for 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A go through意为“经历，饱受”；go after 意为“追求，追逐”；go by表示“（时间）逝去 ”；go for表示“喜欢，努力获取”。【译文】这个国家经历了太多的战争。

33.I arrived at the classroom to find I had ______ my book ______ on the bus.(A)left…alone(B)left…behind(C)left…aside(D)left… off 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B leave behind 意为“忘记带某物”；leave / let alone 表示“不管，不干涉某人或物”； leave…aside（把某事）搁置一边；leave off 意为“停止，结束”。【译文】我到教室后却发现把书丢在公交车上了。

34.If you want to join our club, there is an entrance ______ of ＄30.(A)payment(B)cost(C)fare(D)fee 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D fee尤指学费、会费等；payment意为“报酬,付款”；cost作名词时表示“价钱，价格，费用”；fare指乘坐交通工具的费用。【译文】如果你想加入我们的俱乐部，需缴纳30美元入会费

35.I put in new batteries, so the radio ______.(A)ought to work(B)ought not work(C)must work(D)must not work 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第一单元]A ought to表示“应该……”,其否定式为ought not to。【译文】我给收音机上了新电池，应该可以用了。

36.The doctor checked the patient’s______ carefully before making his statement.(A)symbols(B)symptoms(C)signs(D)signals 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B symptom表示“症状，病症”；symbol表示“符号，象征”； sign意为“迹象，标记，征兆”；signal表示“信号”。病人的症状只能用选项B。【译文】医生在下结论前仔细研究了病人的症状。

37.Celine Dion had ______ the song “It Was Only a Dream” at 12.(A)exposed(B)imposed(C)composed(D)complained 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C compose意为“创作，编写”；expose表示“使暴露，曝光”,通常搭配介词to； impose表示“征税，强加”，接介词on；complain意为“抱怨，控诉”。【译文】席琳•迪翁年仅12岁时就创作了歌曲《这就是一个梦》。

38.Peter will ______ the company when his father retires.(A)take on(B)take over(C)take in(D)take off 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第一单元]B take over意为“接管，接收”；take on意为“承担，呈现”；take in意为“吸收，理解，欺骗”；take off指“（飞机）起飞”。【译文】彼得将在父亲退休后接管公司

39.It’s known that a housewife does not need ______ for food every day.(A)go shopping(B)go to shopping(C)to going shop(D)to go shopping 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第一单元]D 此题依然考查need的用法，解法同第7题。在本题中，need为实义动词，故后面须接不定式to。【译文】大家都知道家庭主妇不需要每天购买食物。

40.Do I have to remind you yet again? Your words must be ______ facts.(A)carried on(B)relied on(C)based on(D)based in 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第一单元]C be based on/upon为固定搭配，意为“在……基础上，基于”；carry on意为“开展，进行”；rely on意为“倚靠，依赖”。【译文】还要我再提醒你吗？你的话必须有事实依据。

（注意：若有主观题目，请按照题目，离线完成，完成后纸质上交学习中心，记录成绩。在线只需提交客观题答案。)

二、主观题(共1道小题)41.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic “My Ideal Job”.You should write no l ess than 100 words.参考答案：

三、阅读理解、完形填空题(共5道小题)42.Divorce is so disastrous to the body, mind and sprit that in an overwhelming number of cases, the cure is worse than the disease, of course, there are exceptions.Divorce may be the last way out in case of drug or alcohol addiction, physical abuse, severe emotional cruelty or permanent abandonment.But overall, people could spare themselves enormous suffering if they check their permissive acceptance of divorce and viewed marriage as a lifelong component not to be entered into---or wriggled out of---lightly.The old wedding promise reads “for better for worse, till death pare us”.Today couples commonly echo “through good times and bad, as long as our love shall last.” Until recently, I nodded at the “improvement”, now I clear-headedly acknowledge the wisdom of the past.It’s well known that half of all marriages today are expected to fail, equally well known is the financial suffering for men and especially for women who divorce.But less well known are the continual effects of loneliness and depression for those who divorce.In those days of disposable marriage, it’s common for couples to think carefully of separation.Now it may happen in the midst of a shouting match or during a fantasy about a perfect mate.Unfortunately, divorce veterans soon learn they have been deceived by myths that divorce can open new horizons, that the dating scene is exciting, and that bright, attractive people will always find new partners.It’s time to be out of the myths and look at the reality of divorce.We too frequently act as if every weak marriage deserves death.We sympathize with a divorce friend when we ought to warn him that he might be making a terrible mistake.[共5题](1)What is the author’s attitude towards divorce?(A)He supports divorce.(B)He is opposed to divorce.(C)He holds neutral opinion.(D)He shows indifference.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(2)In the 4th paragraph, “disposable marriage” most probably means__________.(A)the marriage which can be abandoned wantonly(B)ideal marriage

(C)disappointing marriage

(D)the marriage which will last until the death of the couple 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(3)In the author’s view, why is divorce disastrous to the people who have divorced?(A)Divorce will cause suffering, both financially and emotionally.(B)They cannot find perfect mates any longer.(C)They will lose confidence in the next marriage.(D)Others will laugh at them for their failure.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(4)According to the passage, in modern marriage, people put much emphasis on__________.(A)appearance(B)economic status(C)love(D)education

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)It can be concluded from the passage that __________.(A)divorce is the best choice to flee from marriage(B)divorce can open new horizons(C)divorce might be a terrible mistake(D)divorce will not cause financial problems 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 参考答案：

[第一单元];第5小题：C 推理题。通过原文最后一句话可知，作者认为离婚有可能是错误的选择，故选C。

43.My parents married on September 14, 1940, after a brief courtship.She was nearing 30 and knew it was time to start a family.The handsome, well-educated man who came by the office where she worked looked like a good bet.He was captivated by her figure, her blue eyes.The romance didn’t last long.Seeds of difference sprouted almost immediately.She liked to travel;he hated the thought.He loved golf;she did not.He was a Republican, while she was an ardent Democrat.They fought at the bridge table, at the dinner table, over money, over the perceived failings of their in-laws.To make matters worse, they owned a business together, and the everyday frustrations of life at the office came to roost at home.There was a hope that they would change once they retired, and the furious winds did calm somewhat, but what remained steeled itself into bright, hard bitterness.I always thought we’d … my mother would begin, before launching into a precise listing of my father’s faults.The litany was recited so often that I can reel it off by heart today.As he listened, my father would mutter angry threats and curses.It was a miserable duet.It wasn’t the happiest marriage, but as their 60th anniversary approached, my sister and I decided to throw a party.Sixty years was a long time, after all;why not try to make the best of things? We’d provide the cake, the balloons, the toasts, and they’d abide by one rule: no fighting.The truce was honored.We had a wonderful day.In hindsight it was an important celebration, because soon after, things began to change for my parents.As debilitating dementia settled in, their marriage was about the only thing they wouldn’t lose.[共5题](1)According to the passage, which of the following descriptions about the marriage of writer’s parents is NOT true?(A)Quarrels and conflicts became the most common things in their marriage.(B)Their marriage based on romantic love lasted 60 years.(C)The situations of their marriage didn’t get better after their retirement.(D)This was not a very successful marriage.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(2)The author’s parents always had quarrels in their lives because__________.(A)the writer’s parents didn’t love each other any more(B)the writer’s father failed in his business

(C)the writer’s mother was not as beautiful as before(D)they held different interests and beliefs 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(3)Why did the author decide to celebrate her parents’ 60th anniversary?(A)Because their marriage was the happiest one in the world.(B)Sixty years was a long time, and this was a good chance to change the situation.(C)They had no conflicts after their retirement, so it was worth celebrating.(D)She wanted to celebrate their romantic love.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(4)According to the last sentence of Para.5, what does the author imply?(A)The celebration of 60th anniversary made no difference in her parents’ marriage.(B)Her parents had nothing left but their marriage.(C)Her parents’ marriage became the most important thing which they didn’t want to lose.(D)They became older so they won’t dissolve their marriage.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)We can infer from the passage that__________.(A)a successful marriage needs understanding, patience as well as tolerance(B)a marriage based on romantic love will last long(C)our readers will be envious of their marriage

(D)lack of money in a marriage will bring troubles and quarrels 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 参考答案：

[第一单元];第5小题：A 推论题。根据全文内容，我们可以推断出一个成功的婚姻并不仅仅只需要浪漫的爱情，当爱情慢慢的淡漠了以后更需要的是理解，耐心和忍让。因此只有A项正确。

44.Valentine’s Day is named after Saint Valentine, an early Christian churchman who reportedly helped young lovers.Valentine was executed for his Christian beliefs on February 14 more than 1,700 years ago, but the day that has his name is even earlier than that.More than 2,000 years ago, the ancient Romans celebrated a holiday for lovers.As part of the celebration, girls wrote their names on piece of paper and put them in a large container.Boys reached into the container and pulled one out.The girl whose name was written on the paper became his lover or sweet for a year.Lovers still put their names on piece of paper and they send each other Valentine’s Day cards that tell of their love.Sometimes they also send gifts, like flowers or chocolate candy.Americans usually send these gifts and cards through the mail system.But some use another way to send this message.They have it printed in a newspaper.The cost is usually a few dollars.Some of the messages are simple and short: “Jane.I love you very much.” Others say more.This one, for example: “Dan, Roses are red Violets are blue.I hope you love me as much as I love you.Forever.Mary.”

Most of the newspapers that print such messages are local, but USA Today is sold throughout the United States and 90 other countries as well.This means someone can send a Valentine message to a lover in a far-away city or town almost anywhere in the world.These messages cost 80 dollars and more.An employee of USA Today says readers can have a small heart or rose printed along with their messages this year.Will this kind of Valentine’s Day message reach the one you love? Well, just make sure he or she reads the newspaper.[共5题](1)When did Valentine’s Day get its name?(A)More than 1,700 years ago before Valentine’s death.(B)More than 2,000 years ago.(C)On February 14.(D)It is not mentioned in the passage.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(2)According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Roman holiday?(A)Girls put pieces of paper into a large container with their own names on them.(B)Boys and girls became sweet hearts by chance.(C)Girls and boys were not sweets for a year.(D)It was celebrated as a holiday for lovers.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(3)What can be inferred from the passage?(A)The ancient Roman girls were more open and easy-going than boys.(B)Valentine was executed for helping lovers.(C)Readers of USA Today can send roses to their lovers along with the printed message.(D)Valentine was honored by people for his firm Christian belief and warm heart.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(4)How much does printing a love message cost?(A)A few dollars.(B)80 dollars, and more.(C)It depends.(D)Very expensive.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)The main purpose of this passage is__________.(A)to advertise for USA Today

(B)to introduce the origin of Valentine’s Day and the modern trend(C)to promote sales on Valentine’s Day

(D)to illustrate that Americans are open to express their love 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 参考答案：

[第一单元];第5小题：B 主旨题。只有选项B，介绍情人节的来历及现代的趋势，最全面、贴切，符合原文。

45.For the rich and famous, divorce American-style can cost millions in legal fees and drag on for years.Dissolving a marriage is emotionally draining, but does it have to be expensive and time-consuming as well? The average American divorce can cost between 20000 for legal help, and an offer takes more than a year to finalize.“Point, Click and Split” – Christine and Andrew Brodigan of Seattle found a cheap and quick alternative – divorce on line.“We are about to answer our last few questions for our divorce,” Christine Brodigan said as she began the online process recently.“Divorce isn’t easy, but this sure made a huge difference in not having to deal with a lot of stuf f that normal people would have to go through.”

Using an online site, www.xiexiebang.com, the Brodingans were able to end their nine-year union with just a credit card and the click of a mouse.“Generally, these are people who are not going to see the inside of a lawyer’s office anyway,” said Randy Finney, a Seattle divorce lawyer who is the founder and CEO of Completecase.com.“These are people who either can’t afford or don’t want to hire an attorney.”

It cost the Brodigans ＄249 and took about 30 minutes– “Very cost-effective for us,” said Andrew Brodigan, as his ex-wife agreed “In our situation, we didn’t have a lot of money to deal with anyway,” Andrew Brodigan added.On the site, designed only for uncontested divorces, couples like the Brodigans can find ready-made divorce forms, complete with answers to frequently asked questions.At the end of their online process the Brodigans saw a final message on their computer screen: “It said, ‘Attention, you have reached the end of question – answer process,’ ” Christine and Andrew could print, sign and mail their forms to the judge.“Lawyer: Site Doesn’t Cheapen Marriage”.Finney believes his site provides a needed service to troubled couples, and doesn’t cheapen the institution of marriage.[共5题](1)Which of the following is TRUE about divorce style in the U.S.?(A)The couple can divorce quickly if they engage a lawyer.(B)It’s very expensive to dissolve a marriage.(C)Many Americans end their marriage on the Internet.(D)Divorce often drag on for years because people cannot afford legal fees.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(2)The Brodigans were satisfied with their online divorce because__________.(A)it was quick, simple and cheap(B)the legal fees were free(C)they didn’t hire a lawyer

(D)they didn’t need to mail forms to the judge 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(3)The term“ uncontested divorces” in Paragraph 7 means__________.(A)the couples argue about their property distribution(B)there is no disagreement and opposition in dissolving(C)the divorces which drag on for years(D)cheap and quick online divorce 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(4)What can the online site www.xiexiebang.com do for the couples?(A)To offer a needed service to troubled couples.(B)To finalize the expensive cost of divorce.(C)To help them live a happy life.(D)To change the divorce American-style.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(5)Which of the following statements is not based on the passage?(A)Web site may help American couples divorce.(B)It costs large amount of time to dissolve a marriage.(C)It is much cheaper to divorce on the Internet.(D)Web site may weaken the institution of marriage.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 参考答案： [第一单元];第5小题：D 推论题。从文章最后一段“…and doesn’t cheapen the institution of marriage”，可以看出芬尼认为他的网站不会削弱婚姻制度，所以D项不符合原文。

46.“I do.” To Americans those two words __(1)__great meaning.They can even change your life, especially if you say them at your own wedding.Making wedding vows is like signing a contract.Now Americans don’t really think marriage is a business deal.__(2)__ marriage is serious business.It all begins with engagement.Traditionally, a young man asks the father of his sweetheart __(3)__ permission to marry her.If the father agrees, the man later proposes to her.Often he tries to surprise her by “popping the question” in a romantic way.__(4)__ the couple just decide together that the time is right to get married.The man usually gives his fiancée a diamond ring as a __(5)__ of their engagement.They may be engaged for weeks, months or even years.As the big day __(6)__,bridal showers and bachelor’s parities provide many useful gifts.Today many couples also receive counseling during engagement.At last it’s time for the wedding.Although most weddings follow long-held traditions, there’s still __(7)__ for American individualism.For example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church.But some people get married outdoors in a scenic spot.__(8)__ even have the ceremony while sky diving or riding on horseback!The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends.They choose their own style of colors, decorations and music during the ceremony.But some things __(9)__ change.The bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress.The groom wears a formal suit or tuxedo.Several close friends participate __(10)__ the ceremony as attendants, including the best man and the maid of honor.[共10题](1)(A)make(B)carry(C)use(D)write

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(2)

(A)Because(B)However(C)Therefore(D)But

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(3)(A)for(B)with(C)about(D)of

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(4)

(A)Some time(B)Sometime

(C)Sometimes(D)Anytime

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)(A)sign(B)signal(C)symptom(D)symbol

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(6)

(A)approves(B)approaches(C)closes(D)appears

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(7)(A)space(B)room(C)area(D)place

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(8)(A)A few(B)Few(C)A little(D)Little

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(9)(A)often(B)usually(C)rarely(D)always

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(10)(A)for(B)to(C)with(D)in 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 参考答案：

[第一单元];第10小题：D participate in 为固定搭配，意为“参加，参与”。

第二次作业

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共40道小题)1.-I need these four books.Could you tell me how to find them on the shelves? __________

(A)You have to do it by yourself.(B)Sorry, it’s not in our stock.(C)What’s wrong with the book?(D)Do you want to find the book? 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 此题询问是否能够借到书，而B选项的回答表明“抱歉，此书不在图书馆藏书之内”，故选B。

3.__________-About a month.(A)How long does the library stay open?(B)How often can I borrow books?(C)How long can I keep the books?(D)How often need I go to the library? 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C 此题的回答意为“一个月时间”，故应选C“我能借多长时间？”。

5.-What if I couldn’t finish these books within a month? __________

(A)The book is on loan.(B)Sorry, I don’t know.(C)It’s in the library.(D)You’d better go ahead.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A 此题询问“为什么不能找到此书？”，A 选项意为“可能被人借走了”。

7.-Excuse me.What do you mean you can reserve the book for me? __________(A)It depends.(B)Ten cents for each book each day.(C)You must return the books in time.(D)No more than ten cents.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 此题询问如果图书超期罚款的情况，B项的回答意为“每本书每天十美分 ”，D项尽管也谈到了钱，但不符合常理，故排除，而A项的回答不具体。

9.-Can I take the book out of the library? __________(A)Go ahead.(B)You will be fined.(C)Don’t think about it.(D)Please don’t say so.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A 此题询问能否在图书馆内使用电脑，故选A，B项说要被罚款，不合常理，C，D 两项没有回答此问题。

11.When he was a boy he ________ his talent for writing.(A)demonstrated(B)clarified(C)illustrated(D)approved 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]答案A demonstrate 展现，表明，示范；clarify 澄清，阐明；illustrate 举例说明，阐明 ； approve 赞成，满意。【译文】他还是孩子的时候就表现出了对写作的天赋。

12.________ the football game will be played depends on the weather.(A)If(B)That(C)Whether(D)Since 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C Whether引导主语从句，表示是否；if不能引导主语从句，首先排除，因此选C。【译文】足球比赛是否要进行还得看天气。

13.The road accident ________ the death of two people.(A)resulted in(B)resulted from(C)as a result(D)in result 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A result in 导致，造成……结果；result from 由……产生，由于；as a result 结果，因此，从而；in result 结果，因此。【译文】这场交通事故导致了两人死亡。

14.What ________ me most was the friendship your people have for our people.(A)depressed(B)expressed(C)oppressed(D)impressed 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第二单元]D impress 留下印象；depress 沮丧；express 表达，阐明；oppress 压迫，压榨。【译文】让我印象最深刻的是贵国人民对我国人民的友情。

15.Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ________ the color of his skin.(A)with the exception of(B)in the light of(C)by virtue of(D)regardless of 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第二单元]D regardless of 不管，不顾；with the exception of 除了……之外； in the light of 依据，根据；by virtue of 靠，凭借，由于。【译文】每个公民，不管肤色，都有权选择居住地。

16.He ________ to his customers and halved the price.(A)leaked(B)yielded(C)drew(D)quoted 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 此题中能与介词to搭配的只有yield，意为“屈服，让步”；leak 泄漏；draw 拉，拽；quote 引用，引证。【译文】他向顾客让了步，打了五折。

17.It is fixed ________ at seven tomorrow morning.(A)if we’ll start out(B)that we’ll start out(C)when we’ll start out(D)are we going to start out 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 主语从句。题干中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为that 后面引导的从句。【译文】我们明早七点出发已经定下来了。

18.________ is what I am anxious to know.(A)How do you get rid of mice(B)How you get rid of mice(C)How can you get rid of mice(D)How could you get rid of mice 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 主语从句。题干中是由how引导的主语从句，其语序应为陈述句语序。【译文】我很急切地想知道你是如何消灭老鼠的。

19.Professor James Baldwin will deliver a lecture on how to ________ a job interview this afternoon.(A)succeed in(B)succeed with(C)succeed at(D)succeed for 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A。succeed in sth./doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”。【译文】詹姆士•波德文教授将在下午就如何在面试中取得成功为题举行讲座。

20.He ________ get up early while he was in the middle school.(A)was used(B)used to(C)got used to(D)become used to 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 首先应该排除D选项，时态不对。be/get used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”；used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。【译文】他上中学时经常早起。

21.He has composed many pieces of music popular with young people, ________ this is an example.(A)with which(B)for which(C)of which(D)of that 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C 非限制性定于从句中的“介词＋which”的结构。此题应为“this is an example of … ”。【译文】他创作了许多深受年轻人喜欢的音乐，这是其中一例。

22.He says he will tell ________ wants to know.(A)whatever(B)whoever(C)whichever(D)who 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 宾语从句。根据题意，应该选whoever，意为“任何人，无论谁”；whatever 凡是……，无论什么；whichever 无论哪个，无论哪些（指物）；who 谁。【译文】他说他将告诉任何一个想要知道的人。

23.Would you tell me ________?(A)where is the post office(B)where stands the post office(C)where the post office is(D)where stood the post office 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C 宾语从句，从句应为陈述句语序。【译文】能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？

24.________ he discovered in his experiment is very important to us.(A)That(B)When(C)What(D)Where 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C 主语从句，根据意思，应选what。【译文】他在实验里的发现对我们很重要。

25.Before ________ money in a new research, people should be aware of the prospective failures.(A)use(B)using(C)invest(D)investing 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第二单元]D invest in sth.固定短语，意为“在……投资”，before 做介词后应该加doing sth.【译文】在投资一项新研究之前，人们必须清楚地认识到可能的失败。

26.Even though I made a great effort ________ for the interview, I failed nevertheless.(A)to prepare(B)preparing(C)have prepared(D)having prepared for 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A make effort to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。【译文】尽管我努力地准备面试，但还是失败了。

27.Don’t ________ on general statements in a job interview.(A)talk(B)rely(C)make(D)insist 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B。rely on 为固定搭配，意为“依靠……”。【译文】面试时不要只笼统作答。

28.Because I am allergic to alcohol, I always avoid ________ wine.(A)to drink(B)drink(C)drinking(D)with drinking 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C avoid doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。【译文】由于我对酒精过敏，我通常避免喝酒。

29.Nowadays, middle-aged men, ________ often suffer from heart attack.(A)in order(B)in particular(C)in addition(D)in person 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B in particular意为“尤其是”；in order意为“按照顺序”；in person意为“亲自”；in addition意为“此外”。【译文】如今，尤其是中年男子易犯心脏病。

30.One reason is that banks must ________ customers, who will switch to another bank if they are not satisfied.(A)compete for(B)compete against(C)compete with(D)compete in 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A 短语辨析题。compete for sb./sth.意为“相互竟争以得到某人、某物”；compete against/ with 与……竞争，对抗；compete in 比赛。题干中的switch to是指“转变、改变”。【译文】其中一条原因是银行之间要争抢顾客，这些顾客一旦不满意就会投向别家银行。

31.The question is ________ we can catch the early bus.(A)that(B)what(C)whether(D)but 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C Whether引导的表语从句，表示是否。【译文】问题在于我们是否能赶上早班车。

32.It is hard to explain ________.(A)what is a chemical change(B)what a chemical change is(C)how is a chemical change(D)how a chemical change is 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 宾语从句，从句用正常语序。【译文】化学变化是什么很难解释。

33.Not long ago, a person whom I know very well was ________ an accident.(A)related to(B)involved in(C)included in(D)subjected to 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B be involved in 卷入，参与；be related to 与……相关的；be included in 包含在内；be subjected to 易遭受……的。【译文】前不久，我的一位熟人卷入了一场事故。

34.I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ________ in a quiet neighborhood.(A)all in all(B)after all(C)above all(D)overall 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C above all 首先，尤其是；overall 全部的，全面的；all in all 总的来说；after all 必竟，终究。【译文】我想要租一间现代而舒适的房子，尤其要在安静的地段。

35.The French pianist who had been praised very highly ________ to be a great disappointment.(A)turned up(B)turned in(C)turned out(D)turned down 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C turn out to be sb./sth 结果却是；turn up 放大（音量），出现，到来；turn in上交；turn down调小（音量），拒绝。【译文】这位受到高度赞扬的法国钢琴家结果让人大失所望。

36.Color and sex are irrelevant ________ whether a person is suitable for the job.(A)on(B)for(C)to(D)with 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第二单元]C be irrelevant to sth.为固定短语，意为“与……无关”。【译文】能否胜任此工作与肤色和性别无关。

37.There’s a postage and packing fee ________ to the repair charge.(A)addition(B)in addition(C)at addition(D)with addition 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B in addition to是固定搭配，意为“除……之外”。【译文】除了修理费用外，还有邮费和包装费。

38.One of the requirements is that the job candidates should be fluent ________ English and French.(A)in(B)on(C)at(D)with 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第二单元]A 介词搭配题。be fluent in 是固定短语，意为“流利”。【译文】对求职者其中的一项要求是必须流利地讲英语和法语。

39.We can not deny the fact ________ smoking is a danger to health.(A)which(B)that(C)what(D)whether 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 同位语从句一般由that和whether引导，而whether表示是否在此不合题意。【译文】我们无法否认吸烟有害健康这一事实。

40.How you run the washing machine is ________ I want you to show me.(A)that(B)what(C)all what(D)why 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第二单元]B 表语从句，根据题意，应该缺what的含义。【译文】我想让你教我如何使用洗衣机。

（注意：若有主观题目，请按照题目，离线完成，完成后纸质上交学习中心，记录成绩。在线只需提交客观题答案。)

二、主观题(共1道小题)41.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic “My Favorite Means of Getting Inform ation”.You should write no less than 100 words.参考答案：

三、阅读理解、完形填空题(共5道小题)42.Most job seekers will not go through an interview process like “The Apprentice,” a reality TV show, but the fundamentals are universal: making a personal connection with the interviewer, demonstrating what qualities you will bring to the position, and setting yourself apart from the competition, hopefully in a positive way.By watching the program, job seekers can learn a lot about the dynamic between interviewer and interviewee.Hiring authorities can also learn ways to judge candidates.The following are some tips for job seekers.Don’t rely on generalities.When asked why you should be hired or not fired, back up statements with quantifiable evidence.When asked why they should be retained, Jessie and her other team members provided generalities about their leadership skills and characters, but none offered concrete examples of specific accomplishments.Dress for success.At first, the women in particular looked more like they were competing for positions with an escort service than with a major real estate company.However, they quickly came around, and learned that in order to be considered professional one has to dress in professional attire.Ask for the job.One of the biggest mistakes many job seekers make is ruining an otherwise successful interview by not actually asking for the job.It might seem unnecessary.After all, the job seeker would not have applied if he or she did not want the job.However, by asking for the job in the interview, the job seeker is sending a strong message to the employer that he or she is interested in the job and is enthusiastic about the opportunity.Take responsibility for your decisions.In a performance review and even in some job interviews, particularly for upper management positions, a candidate is often asked to explain or defend actions and decisions.The employer, before investing money in a new employee, wants to make sure that you recognize problems or failures and, most importantly, that you learn something that will make you a better employee and the company more profitable.When a project leader makes excuses or blames others on the team, it does not enhance the individual’s image and it does not tell the employer that anything was learned.[共5题](1)All the fundamental qualities are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _____ _.(A)showing the good qualities you will bring to the position(B)building a personal connection with the interviewer(C)talking persuasively to the interviewer

(D)making yourself different or better than other competitors 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(2)When asked why you should be hired, what kind of evidence should you provide?(A)Providing some general statements about your quality.(B)Saying you have good leadership.(C)Talking about your good characters.(D)Offering concrete examples of specific accomplishments.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(3)When you are in an interview, you should wear _____ _.(A)clothes that you like most

(B)clothes that are new and expensive(C)clothes that are profession(D)clothes that are casual 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(4)If the job seeker asks for the job, it means all the following EXCEPT that _____ _.(A)he/she wants the job

(B)he/she is interested in the job(C)he/she cherishes the opportunity(D)he/she respects the interviewer 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(5)Before investing money in a new employee, the employer wants to make sure that _____ _.(A)you know you can do a good job(B)you have good qualities

(C)you can learn something that will make you a better employee(D)you can make excuses 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 参考答案：

[第二单元];第5小题：C 细节题。根据文章最后一段make sure that you recognize problems or failures and, most importantly, that you learn something that will make you a better employee and the company more profitable.（花钱雇用一个新雇员之前，雇主要确定新雇员认识到了各种难题或挫折，更重要的是，要确定新雇员能通过学习使自己成为一个更好的雇员，使公司获得更多利润。），因此选C。

43.Not only does Nick A.Corcodilos, a famous headhunter, have a keen eye for tracking talent, but also he gives smart advices for job candidates.Here are his new principles for successful job hunting.Your résumé is meaningless.Headhunters know a résumé rarely gets you inside a company.All it does is outline yo

ur past-largely irrelevant since it doesn’t demonstrate that you can do the work the hiring manager needs done.Don’t get lost in HR.Headhunters try to get around the human-resources department whenever possible.“Most HR departments create an infrastructure that primarily involves processing paper,” Corcodilos says.“They package, organize, file and sort you.Then, if you haven’t gotten lost in the shuffle they might pass you on to a manager who actually knows what the work is all about.While the typical candidate is waiting to be interviewed by HR, the headhunter is on the phone, using a back channel to get to the hiring manager.” Do the same in your job search: apply directly to the person who will ultimately make the hire.The real matchmaking takes place before the interview.A headhunter sends a candidate into an interview only if he or she is clearly qualified for the position.In your own job hunt, make the same effort to ensure a good fit.Know the parameters of the job when you walk into the interview.Research the company, finding out about its culture, goals, and competitors.As you investigate a prospective employer, you’ll often find you and the company are not made for each other.“And that’s good,” Corcodilos says, “because when you do find the right fit, you’ll walk into an interview with confidence, having decided this is where you want to work.” So give yourself an attitude adjustment.If you convince yourself the manager wants to hire you, you’ll have a positive attitude at the interview, and your attitude might influence the manager to feel good about you.[共5题](1)Your résumé is largely irrelevant because _____ _.(A)you cannot write it well(B)you can only make an outline(C)the employer knows most of them

(D)it doesn’t demonstrate that you can do the work the employer needs done 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(2)According to the passage, when you are job hunting, you should _____ _.(A)apply to the human-resources department

(B)apply directly to the person who will ultimately make the hire(C)apply to the headhunter

(D)wait for the chance to be interviewed by HR 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(3)In order to know the parameters of the job, you should _____ _.(A)research the company

(B)find out about its culture and goals(C)find out about your competitors(D)do all of the above 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(4)What does the word “prospective” mean in the passage?(A)bright(B)potential(C)humorous(D)intelligent

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(5)According to the passage, how to give yourself an attitude adjustment?(A)By changing your attitude(B)By asking the HR department(C)By asking the headhunting company

(D)By convincing yourself the manager wants to hire you 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 参考答案：

[第二单元];第5小题：D 细节题。根据最后一段if you convince yourself the manager wants to hire you, you’ll have a positive attitude at the interview.（如果你确信那位经理想雇用你，你就会对面试抱积极的态度。），因此选D。

44.The smart job-seeker needs to get rid of several standard myths about interviewing before starting to pound the pavement looking for a job.What follows is a list of some of these untruths and some tips to help you do your best at your next interview.Myth 1: The aim of interviewing is to obtain a job offer

Only half true.The real aim of an interview is to obtain the job you want.That often means rejecting job offers you don’t want!Incompetent job-seekers, however, become so used to accommodating employer’s expectations that they often easily qualify for jobs they don’t want.So, before you do back-flips for an employer, be sure you want the job.Myth 2: Always please the interviewer

Not true.Try to please yourself.Giving answers that you think will suit a potential employer, losing touch with your own feelings(in order to get in touch with some other person’s feelings)and, in general, practicing an awful policy of appeasement are certain to keep you from success and progress.Of course, don’t be hostile----nobody wants to hire someone hostile.But there is plainly a middle ground between being too ingratiating(逢迎的)and being hostile.An effective interview(whether you are offered the job or not)is like an exciting encounter in conversation with your neighbor on an airplane.Myth 3: Try to control the interview

Nobody “controls” an interview----neither you nor the interviewer----although one or both parties often try.When somebody tries to control us, we resent it.When we try to control somebody, they resent us.Remember, you can’t control what employers think of you, just as they can’t control what you think of them.So hang loose when interviewing;never dominate the interview.Myth 4: Don’t disagree with the interviewer

Another silly myth.If you don’t disagree at times, you become, in effect, a “yes” man or woman.Don’t be afraid to disagree with your interviewer----in a pleasant and pleasing way.And don’t hesitate to change your mind.The worst that could happen would be that the interviewer thinks, “There’s a person with an open mind!” Then conventional wisdom says “be yourself,” true enough.But how many people can be themselves if they don’t feel free to disagree? [共5题](1)The purpose of an interview is _____ _.(A)to obtain a job offer(B)to obtain a job you want

(C)to meet employer’s expectations

(D)to show you are qualified for the jobs 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(2)Which of the following statement is TRUE?(A)The interviewee should always please the interviewer.(B)The interviewee should give answers that will suit the employer.(C)The interviewee should find a middle ground between being ingratiating and being hostile.(D)The interviewee should lose touch with personal feelings.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(3)If a job-seeker tries to control the interview, _____ _.(A)he is going to win a job offer(B)the interviewer will like him

(C)the interviewer will think highly of him(D)he is unlikely to be hired 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(4)“yes” person in an interview will _____ _.(A)say nothing but yes

(B)disagree with the interviewer at times(C)not hesitate to change mind(D)always agree with the interviewer 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(5)The main idea of this passage is _____ _.(A)how to think about and act in a job interview(B)what the aim of an interview is

(C)why the interviewee should respect the interviewer(D)why the interviewee should not be a “yes” person 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 参考答案：

[第二单元];第5小题：A 主旨题。整篇文章都在谈关于面试中的几个普遍错误，以及如何正确看待面试和在面试中如何得当表现。因此选A。

45.The chief purpose of work is not to produce things but to build man.It is not so important what shape or form our work may take;what is vitally important is our attitude toward that work.Even if the particular duty is one which doesn’t seem worth doing, if you must do it, it is important to do it right.Even if no one else will ever know whether you did it right or not, you will know.By making a commitment to qual ity work, you make a commitment you can be.When you do as little as possible or just enough to get by, you are not merely cheating your employer, your customers, your clients, and your co-workers, but most importantly, you cheat yourself.You cheat yourself out of an opportunity to develop pride and self-worth.You cheat yourself out of an opportunity to meet a challenge and develop your inner powers and abilities.You may be able to get away with cheating others, but you never get away with cheating yourself.Thus, the key is a commitment to yourself to use every possible opportunity for self-development and treat every work assignment, no matter how small or boring, as a challenge that can be used in your development.Work is a projection of self.Consciousness can regard any job as a potential opportunity for self-expression, for play, for creativity, for the furtherance of social objectives, and it can arrange the factors in the job so that they form a means of self-expression.Most jobs contain at least some limited options for creativity.To the extent that any job can be done in different ways, the job presents you with an opportunity to project your unique abilities and values into that job.Any type of communication, written or spoken, presents a significant opportunity for creative expression.Even if your efforts are reviewed and must be toned down to fit into the mold of your organization, there is always a slight opening through which you can project your unique personality.Use these opportunities to express and confirm your existence.[共5题](1)The chief purpose of work is _____ _.(A)to produce things

(B)the shape one’s work takes(C)the amount of money it makes(D)to build the man 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(2)According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?(A)If the work is not worth doing, you should let it go.(B)You should do your job well even if no one will notice it.(C)When you undertake the job you should do your utmost.(D)If you do as little as possible in your work, you will cheat yourself out of opportunities.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(3)What kind of opportunity can work offer people?(A)An opportunity to project your own abilities, values and unique personality.(B)An opportunity to get away with cheating yourself.(C)Few options for creativity.(D)A way to get rid of your unique personality.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(4)If you do as little as possible in your job, you are doing all the following EXCEPT _____ _.(A)you lose an opportunity to develop pride(B)you lose an opportunity to meet a challenge(C)you lose a chance to get away with cheating others(D)you lose a chance to get away with cheating yourself 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)The main idea of the passage is _____ _.(A)you cannot cheat yourself and others in the job(B)the importance of projecting your values into your job(C)when to express yourself(D)how to change one’s personality 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 参考答案：

[第二单元];第5小题：B 主旨题。全文都在谈如何在工作中调整态度，体现自我价值、提高自身能力。因此B选项最全面。

46.I am currently in my second semester of law school and as a first-year law student, I am frantically applying __(1)__summer internships along with my peers.I want to work in the field of international law and have been applying to organizations like the United Nations and the International Criminal Court.Whether it is stated explicitly in their requirements or not, fluency __(2)__a second language __(3)__English is a standard requirement.The United Nations prefers fluency in another of its official languages, __(4)__Mandarin Chinese is one.__(5)__for regular law firm jobs, employers are looking for individuals that speak several different languages.As business becomes __(6)__global, any lawyer or businessperson who can speak several languages is considered an asset.Growing up in the United States, I never realized that languages were so important.I __(7)__think that my parents were unique in the fact __(8)__they stressed learning languages while I was growing up.Of course in high school we are all required to learn a foreign language, but most of my friends took American Sign Language or Spanish to __(9)__the minimum requirement.None of my friends from high school can today speak another language.I think, __(10)__,as Americans, we are raised to believe that English is good enough.For most Americans, that may still hold true, but fluency in at least one other language is imperative for the best jobs in law and business.[共10题](1)(A)to(B)with(C)at(D)for

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(2)(A)in(B)to(C)at(D)for

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(3)

(A)including(B)involving(C)as well(D)in addition to 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(4)(A)that(B)which

(C)of which(D)by which

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)

(A)Though(B)Despite(C)But(D)Even

你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(6)(A)in part(B)totally(C)increasingly(D)partially

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(7)(A)never(B)used to(C)often(D)now

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(8)(A)that(B)which(C)of which(D)by which

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(9)(A)finish(B)fulfill(C)take(D)contain

你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(10)

(A)in particular(B)but

(C)together with(D)in general 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 参考答案：

[第二单元];第10小题：D in general 意为“大体上”，这里表示一个普遍的情况。

第三次作业

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共40道小题)1.– Would you like to have orange juice? –

(A)No, I don’t.(B)Yes, please.(C)No, please.(D)Yes, I do.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元]B 当对方问“你想要吃点儿……吗？”的时候，如果你想要应该说“Yes, please”，如果不想则可以说“No, thanks”。

2.– What would you like to order? –

(A)Noodles, please.(B)Thank you.(C)Is that all?(D)I’m fine.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A 当服务员问“你想点什么菜？”的时候，你应该回答你自己想要点的 菜品。

3.– Will you like anything else? –

(A)What do you have?(B)How much it will cost.(C)No, thank you.We’re fine.(D)Yes, give me whatever you have.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C 当服务员问“你还想来点儿什么吗？”的时候，如果你还想要点菜，则可以说“Yes, I would like some…”；如果不想要，则可以说“No，thank you”。

4.– May I have the bill, please? –(A)What will you do with that?(B)No, it’s beyond your right.(C)Anything else to eat?(D)Sure.It’s twenty dollars.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第四单元]D 当客人问“我可以买单了吗”的时候，你可以回答“Sure.It’s…”表示“是的，你总共消费了……”。

5.– How would you like to have your steak? –

(A)medium.(B)I would like it very much.(C)I don’t know.(D)I don’t like it at all.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A 当服务员问“你喜欢吃什么样的牛排？”（要生一点儿的还是熟一点儿的）的时候，你可以回答rare（生点儿的）；medium（中等的）；或者well-done（熟透的）。

6.– What’s special for tonight? –

(A)The beefsteak is very good today.(B)You wear a very beautiful necklace.(C)There’s nothing special.(D)No one knows.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A 当客人问“今晚的特色菜是什么？”的时候，你应该告诉客人今天的什么菜是特色。

7.– Are you ready to order now？

–

(A)Oh, I’ll rush the order.(B)Yes, I will take scrambled eggs, toast and coffee, please.(C)No hurry.(D)I’m too busy to order.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元]B 当服务员问“你可以点菜了吗？”的时候，如果可以点了，你可以说“Yes, I will take/ have…”，如果不行，你可以说“Sorry, …”

8.– Would you like some more soup? –

(A)It’s not to my taste.(B)It’s too hot.(C)No, thanks.I’ve had enough.(D)Yes, the more, the better.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C 当对方问“你还想再喝点儿汤吗？”的时候，如果你还想喝，可以说“Yes, please”；如果不想再喝了，可以说“No, thanks”。

9.– I would like to make a reservation for six.–

(A)How could you do that?(B)OK.What’s your name please.(C)Have you enough money?(D)Are you sure you want to do so? 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元]B 当客人来到餐馆或打电话来说“我想订六位的餐。”的时候，服务员应该很乐意的接受并留下订餐者的姓名。

10.– I made a reservation.My name is Betty Lamb.–

(A)This way, please.(B)500 dollars please.(C)You have to wait until there is a vacancy.(D)Oh, nice to meet you.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A 当客人进入餐馆说“我订了餐，我的名字是……”的时候，服务员应该很有礼貌的把客人领到他们的座位上。

11.They took ____________ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.(A)efficient(B)beneficial(C)valid(D)effective 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第四单元]D efficient 有效率的；beneficial 有利的；valid 有法律效力的；effective有效果的。【译文】他们采取有效措施阻止毒气扩散。

12.She once again went through her composition carefully to ____________ all spelling mistakes from it.(A)withdraw(B)abandon(C)eliminate(D)diminish 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C withdraw收回；abandon放弃；eliminate消除，排除；diminish使减少【译文】她又仔细检查了一遍作文，以改正全部的拼写错误。

13.I’ll write to you ____________ I have heard from Helen.(A)as well as(B)as soon as(C)as quickly as(D)as far as 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]B as soon as 引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”；as well as 表示“也”，为符合介词不能引导从句；as quickly as“尽快”只修饰动作不表示时间上的迅速；as far as“到……程度，就……”表示程度。【译文】我一收到Helen的信就会给你写信。

14.____________ he likes her, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.(A)Though much(B)Much though(C)As much(D)Much as 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第四单元]D as/though 可引导让步状语从句，但表语或状语要放在句首。当状语为much时，要用as，much as 通常被看作复合连词，等于though/although 表示“尽管”。【译文】尽管他非常喜欢她，但有时候也会因她而烦恼。

15.You can go out, ____________ you promise to be back before 11 o’clock.(A)as far as(B)as long as(C)as well as(D)as soon as 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元] B as long as 只要；as far as到……程度，就……；as well as既……又……；as soon as一……就…… 【译文】只要你答应在十一点之前回来，你可以出去。

16.It was several minutes before I was ____________ of what was happening.(A)know(B)realize(C)wear(D)aware 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第四单元]D be aware of 固定搭配，意识到；know 知道；realize 认识到，指对事物初步的认识或了解；wear穿（衣）戴（帽）。【译文】过了几分钟我才意识到发生了什么。

17.I’m ____________ to leave the job, but another firm has offered me a high salary.(A)willing(B)reluctant(C)hesitant(D)determined 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元]B be reluctant to do 不情愿做……；be willing to 愿意做……；hesitant 犹豫的；be determined to do 决心、决定做……。【译文】我本来不愿意辞去这份工作，但另一家公司给我开出了更高的工资。

18.Everything I’ve described went wrong.____________, the whole affair was a disaster.(A)In kind(B)In all(C)In short(D)In general 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C in short 简而言之；in kind 以实物（偿付）；以同样的方法；in all 总共，合计；in general 通常，大体上，一般而言。【译文】我所描述的一切都乱了套。简而言之，整件事成了一场灾难。

19.More quickly than anyone could have imagined, East Germany is being ____________ in the Western market economy.(A)absorbed(B)adopted(C)caught(D)charmed 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A be absorbed in 吸收，吸纳，沉浸于……；adopt 采纳；be caught in陷入……当中；charm迷人，使陶醉。【译文】东德很快就被纳入了西方市场经济，其速度超过任何人的想象。

20.He doesn’t believe the worker can ____________ to assemble the motorcycle all by himself.(A)succeed(B)pursue(C)manage(D)handle 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C manage to do 设法做……；succeed in doing 成功做……；pursue追求；handle对付。【译文】他不相信这名工人能自己组装好摩托车。

21.Mary ____________her classmates has learned how to deal with the complicated problem.(A)and(B)and also(C)as well as(D)except 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C as well as 也，又；本句谓语为单数形式，因此主语是Mary，不能用and连接Mary和her classmates。except除了 【译文】Mary和她的同学都学了如何应对复杂问题。

22.In no country ____________ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(A)other than(B)more than(C)better than(D)rather than 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A other than 与no 搭配表示“不是别的，正是……”；more than 和 better than均指程度的比较；rather than表示取舍，否定后者。【译文】据说只有在英国才能在一天之内经历四季。

23.Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage ____________.(A)relatively(B)actually(C)annually(D)comparatively 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C annually 每年的；relatively相关地，相对地； actually实际上，事实上；comparatively比较地, 相当地。【译文】洪水每年导致几十亿美元的财产损失。

24.Americans eat ____________ as they actually need every day.(A)twice as much protein(B)twice protein as much twice(C)twice protein as much(D)protein as twice much 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元] A 倍数的表达法(A)half/ twice/ three times as…as(B)。【译文】美国人每天摄入的蛋白质是他们实际需要的两倍。

25.You see the lightening ____________ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.(A)the instant(B)for an instant(C)on the instant(D)in an instant 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元] A the instant 一……就……，引导时间状语从句，同the moment, as soon as 等；for an instant 一瞬间；on the instant 立即，及时；in an instant立即。【译文】闪电时你立刻就会看到，但要过一会儿才能听到雷声。

26.It is understood that the filming of Legends is almost complete and the film is not ____________ to be delayed.(A)possible(B)likely(C)easy(D)available 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元] B sb./ sth.is likely to do sth.为固定结构，表示“某事或某人可能……”；后接不定式时，possible用于it is possible for…to do的结构，与easy的用法相同；available“可利用的，可得到的”，后面不跟不定式。【译文】据人们所知电影《传奇故事》的拍摄就要完成了，所以电影的上演不可能被推迟。

27.Many people lost their jobs during the business____________.(A)desperation(B)decrease(C)despair(D)depression 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第四单元] D depression 沮丧，萧条；desperation 绝望；decrease 减少；despair失望。【译文】很多人在经济萧条时失业了。

28.It does not change the fact that he was the man ____________ for the death of the little girl.(A)accounting(B)guilty(C)responsible(D)obliged 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C be responsible for 对……负责任；account for 解释；be guilty of 犯有……罪；be obliged to sb.感激……。【译文】这并没有改变他应对小女孩的死负责任的事实。

29.In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took ____________ trouble over the figures.(A)extensive(B)spare(C)extra(D)supreme 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C extra 额外的，外加的；extensive 广泛的，广大的；spare 多余的，空闲的；supreme 最高的。【译文】为了让老板看看他是个多么细心的工人，他不辞辛苦地把这些数字又算了一遍。

30.The industrial community should be distant enough from the crowed center to reduce ____________dangers.(A)feasible(B)positive(C)potential(D)substantial 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元] C potential 潜在的；feasible可行的；positive 积极的；substantial 相当可观的，实际上的。【译文】工业区应该离人口密集区域足够远以减少潜在的危害。

31.The recent wave of bombing has ____________ public attention on the region.(A)direct(B)focus(C)adjust(D)pointed 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元] B focus on 固定搭配，使集中于……；direct to 把（注意力、精力）贯注在……上；adjust to把……调节到，适应于。【译文】近来的一轮轰炸使公众的注意力集中到了这个地区。

32.It has been agreed that the clothes a person wears are a ____________ of his or her personality.(A)reaction(B)reflection(C)response(D)respect 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元] B reflection 反映；reaction to反应，回应；response回答，对应；respect尊敬。【译文】人们认为一个人的服装反映了他的个性特点。

33.You can reach your destination earlier for the sightseeing ____________ you don’t mind taking the night flight.(A)unless(B)though(C)provided(D)until 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C provided(that)表示“如果，假设”，引导条件状语从句；unless如 果不，除非；though 尽管；until 直到……时候【译文】如果你不介意乘坐夜间航班的话，你就可以早些到达目的地观光了。

34.Should every government agency have ____________ to the computer files of every other agency?(A)access(B)entrance(C)accent(D)entitlement 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A have access to 为固定搭配，表示“有使用、接触的机会（权力）”；entrance to表示“（具体的）入口、大门”；accent 重音，口音；entitlement 被给予的权力，资格。【译文】每个政府机关都应该有权使用任何其他机关的电脑文件吗？

35.Our children spend half ____________ much time studying as they did watching TV.(A)such(B)so(C)same(D)as 你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 解答参考：[第四单元] D 表示倍数half/twice as… as 【译文】我们的孩子花在学习上的时间是花在看电视上的时间的一半。

36.I suffered from mental____________ because of stress from my job.(A)fatigue(B)damage(C)relief(D)release 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A fatigue 疲惫；damage 损害，破坏；relief减轻, 解除（痛苦, 烦恼等）；release 发行，释放。【译文】工作压力让我很疲惫。

37.Whenever a big company ____________ a small one, the product almost always gets worse.(A)cuts down(B)puts up with(C)takes over(D)gets on with 你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第四单元]C take over 吞并，兼并，接管；cut down 削减，删节；put up with 忍受，容忍；get on with 继续做。【译文】每当一家大公司兼并一家小公司时，其产品几乎总是变得更糟糕。

38.Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, ____________ they have no schedules to keep.(A)even though(B)for(C)as if(D)since 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元]A even though表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句；for和since引导原因状语从句；as if引导虚拟条件句 【译文】许多病人即使没有什么日程安排，还是坚持在医院里把手表带在身边。

39.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply____________.(A)appreciated(B)approved(C)appealed(D)applied 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 解答参考：[第四单元] A appreciate 感激，喜欢；approve 赞成，批准；appeal 吸引；apply申请，应用。【译文】我们十分喜欢赠送给我们的那些珍贵书籍。

40.Whenever you are in trouble, you can ____________ your parents for help.(A)turn in(B)turn to(C)turn up(D)turn on 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第四单元] B turn to 转向，求助于……；turn in 上缴；turn up 出现；turn on开启，开始。【译文】无论什么时候遇到困难你都可以向父母求助。

（注意：若有主观题目，请按照题目，离线完成，完成后纸质上交学习中心，记录成绩。在线只需提交客观题答案。)

二、主观题(共1道小题)41.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic “Health and Wealth”.You should write no less than 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given below.1)有人认为健康重要，而有人认为财富重要； 2)你的观点。

参考答案：

三、阅读理解、完形填空题(共5道小题)42.The importance of breathing is obvious as we depend on taking in oxygen for our lives.As humans, we have to eli

minate the things our body is no longer using, and breathing takes care of 70% of this process.Other than eliminating the air from your lungs, after the oxygen has been absorbed, breathing also expels toxins from your body.You can also eliminate other things such as emotions or stress.By harnessing the immense power of breathing, you can create a better connection with your inner self.By becoming more aware of your breathing you will be able to reduce a lot of outside negativity.Focus your attention on your breath and tell your mind to think only about it.The rhythmical sensation your breath produces will help your mind, and your body, relax and slow down.Thinking is responsible for most of the tensions and stress we face, and this little exercise takes thinking into a harmonious and peaceful location.Many of our thoughts are negative.We often use or think about words like “won’t,” can’t or “shouldn’t.” These negative connotations reflect on the way we feel, increasing nervousness and stress.Your brain processes millions of thoughts on a daily basis and focusing it on your breath gives it a break.Temporarily lowering your mind’s activity gives you extra peace and helps relax both your brain and your body.Try to appreciate your breathing education as you would practice a sport.In order to reach a goal, you will need to improve and enhance certain skills.You can’t just be an Olympic athlete—you have to become one through hard work.This can be done by building up your strengths and stamina, as well as improving your physical abilities.Improving your breathing works exactly the same way.Your subconscious mind usually takes care of the breathing process, leaving your conscious mind to deal with other things.However, this is the time to take breathing matters into your own hands, and consciously control your breath while you exercise this technique.[共5题](1)Which of the following can show the importance of breathing?(A)We depend on breathing to take in oxygen for our lives.(B)Breathing can help us eliminate the things our body is no longer using.(C)Breathing can help us create a better connection with our inner self.(D)All of the above.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(2)Focusing your attention on your breath can ________.(A)help you relax and slow down(B)help you face the tension and stress(C)let you be more negative(D)help you think more clearly 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(3)How can negative thoughts affect us?(A)They can make us think more negatively.(B)They can give us extra peace.(C)They can make us more nervous.(D)None of the above.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(4)In what way is the practice of breathing similar to sports?(A)Only by hard work can one be good at them.(B)They both need strength and stamina.(C)Both of them are under the control of consciousness.(D)It is the subconscious mind that takes care of their process.你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(5)According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?(A)Aside from eliminating the air and toxins, breathing can also eliminating emotions and stress.(B)Thinking rhythmically can take you to a harmonious and peaceful location.(C)Focusing your mind on your breath can release your burden temporarily.(D)To improve your breathing skills, you need practice.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 参考答案：

[第四单元];第5小题：B 细节题。根据文章的第二段this little exercise takes thinking into a harmonious and peaceful location.（这个小小的活动把思考带进了一种和谐宁静的状态。），其中“this little exercise”是指前文中提到的呼吸，因此选B，有节奏的思考能把你带进一种和谐宁静的状态。

43.Laughter has wonderful physiological benefits.Doctors call humor the inner treadmill as it has benefits similar to exercise.To name a few: Problem-solving ability is enhanced by laughter because it helps the brain to de-stress and do its work without distraction.Laughter also provides an important relief for those of us suffering from pain through the release of endorphins.In addition, laughter improves respiration, increases the number of immune cells, lowers blood pressure and decreases the likelihood of a second heart attack.Certainly, nothing to sneer at!

So how do you become a comedian especially if you are introverted, formal and more literal minded? What if there is just too much pain and sadness in your life and you do not see even a tiny opening for a little humor? Even during despair, there is potential for humor and here is my personal example.When my elderly aunt died at home at the age of 98, my cousin called me to the house to help make the arrangements;needless to say, no matter how old a family member is at death, there is still a feeling of deep loss, for she is someone’s mother and aunt.In short, my cousin was distraught.When I contacted the funeral parlor, the director asked all the necessary clerical questions including the age of my aunt.When I informed her that my aunt Molly was 98, she automatically responded, “Wow, God Bless.” To which I couldn’t help but respond, “But she’s dead.” My cousin lost it and burst into uproarious laughter as did the funeral director.We needed a little humor to alleviate the palpable sadness.[共5题](1)What are the functions of laughter?(A)Laughter can help the brain to de-stress and do its work without distraction.(B)Laughter can help us relieve the pain.(C)Laughter can lower blood pressure.(D)All of the above.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(2)What does the word “introverted” mean in the second paragraph?(A)active(B)optimistic(C)quiet(D)cheerful

你选择的答案： C [正确]

正确答案：C(3)Which of the following statement is TRUE?(A)If you are introverted and formal you can not be a comedian.(B)When you suffer from pain and sadness you will not see even a tiny opening for a little humor.(C)Even if you are down, you can find something humorous.(D)None of the above.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(4)How will one feel when one of his family members dies at a very old age?(A)Sad(B)Happy(C)Distraught(D)Calm

你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(5)The purpose of the passage is ________.(A)to tell us the benefits of laughter(B)to amuse us by telling a story

(C)to make us be aware of our potential for humor(D)to teach us how to be humorous 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A 参考答案：

[第四单元];第5小题：A 主旨题。文中作者列举了笑声的诸多好处并以自己的亲身经历为例告诉读者笑的好处。因此选A，告诉我们笑的好处。

44.Mild stress is known to improve learning.A totally relaxed child will not be as receptive to new information as a child experiencing mild stress.It is also known that when the stress of working at a job is removed when elderly people retire they age more quickly unless new activities are substituted in their lives.It is thought that senility(衰老)occurs more frequently with inactivity than with continued activity.Much of the great art, inventions and discoveries has resulted from the stress of the creators.Would we have the Sistine Chapel(西斯行廷教堂)if Michelangelo had lived a quiet stressless life?

We must also admit that the bodily changes that occur under stress often lead to activities that could not be performed under normal circumstances.The 110-pound woman who lifts a one-ton automobile to release her child caught under the wheels could not ordinarily perform this feat;the bodily changes produced by the stress of the situation enable her to do this superhuman act.An athlete relies on the changes that occur under stress to help him run faster, tackle harder, and win the game.It appears that the amount of harmful stress any particular individual experiences depends upon how he views the stressful experience.If he sees it as threatening, it is a bad stress;but if he views it as a challenge, it can be a beneficial stress.Also, his personality type plays a significant role in the determination of whether the stress is good or bad.Certain types of people appear to need stress to make their lives exciting and meaningful-it keeps them young, alive, and functioning.Other types seem to need routine, quiet, and peaceful environment.Should you avoid stress or encourage it? The experts don’t have the answer.But all do agree that attitude is one

of the most important factors.A positive attitude can make stress your ally.A negative attitude will make stress your enemy.Perhaps the best course is to accept stress as inevitable, both good and bad, and to keep the stress that feels good and try to eliminate the stress that feels bad.You be your own expertA child with mild stress is ____________.(A)more receptive to new information than a totally relaxed child(B)less receptive to new information than a totally relaxed child(C)as receptive to new information as a totally relaxed child(D)more likely to do worse in their courses 你选择的答案： A [正确] 正确答案：A(2)Which of the statement is NOT true according to the passage?(A)When the stress of working is removed elderly people age more quickly.(B)People age much more quickly if they are active after retirement.(C)Without stress much of the great work would not come into being.(D)Stress keeps some people young, alive and lively.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(3)What made the 110-pound woman lift a one-ton automobile?(A)She always practices doing so.(B)Her superhuman power.(C)The bodily changes produced by the stress.(D)It is not mentioned in the passage.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(4)According to the text, whether a stress is harmful or not depends on____________.(A)how we view the stressful experience(B)whether it’s a threatening or challenge(C)one’s personality type(D)Both A)and C)你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(5)What is the right attitude should one adopt towards stress?(A)We should avoid harmful stress and encourage beneficial stress.(B)We should avoid any kinds of stress.(C)We should accept only beneficial stress.(D)We should accept both good and bad stress with a positive attitude.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D 参考答案：

[第四单元];第5小题：D 主旨题。根据文章的第四段我们得知面对压力最重要的就是要有正确的态度，积极的态度可以使压力成为你的同盟，而消极的态度可能使压力成为你的敌人。最好的办法就是接受压力，不管是好还是坏，保持它好的一面，去除不好的地方。因此选D。45.An increasing number of scientists have found that what pleasure gives you may be more than just fun.Pleasure and humor might help us live longer and fight off illness.“Science has generally neglected pleasure and humor to concentrate on negative things like depression and illness,” said Dr.William Fry, a psychiatry(精神病学)professor at Stanford University Medical Center in California.“But there’s a growing realization of just how powerful pleasure is.”

For example, research shows that smiling and laughing can actually strengthen your immune system, reduce stress and physical pain, and even help cancer-patients.One research project at Loma Linda University showed these beneficial effects of laughter on the body.In the study, ten medical students were connected with several machines and spent an hour watching a funny videotape of a man smashing watermelons with a hammer.Researchers were not trying to prove that smashing watermelons was a funny thing to do.They already knew that the volunteers would probably laugh very loudly.What the researchers wanted to find out was how laughing affected the volunteers as they watched the video.The researchers were delighted to discover that small but important changes were taking place in the volunteers’ blood streams as they roared(咆哮)with laughter.Their blood showed increased production of white blood cells.At the same time, a decrease was noticed in the levels of chemicals that stop the immune system from working properly.Studies such as this seem to show that you should laugh as much as possible!You will increase your chances of living a long, healthy life.That’s what one researcher means when he says, “He who laughs, lasts.For years we’ve thought that laughter and other forms of pleasure were good for you.Now it’s a physiological reality.”

[共5题](1)Which of the following would Dr.William probably agree with?(A)The depression and illness increase the production of white blood cells.(B)Science has paid little attention to the powerful effects of pleasure.(C)The levels of chemicals can stop the immune system from working properly.(D)The decrease of white blood cells can defend us against illness.你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B(2)Laughing has some positive physical effects.Which of these is NOT mentioned in the text?(A)They might increase our life span.(B)They might help us get rid of disease.(C)They might strengthen our immune system.(D)They might lead to depression.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(3)What the researchers wanted to find out in the study is___________.(A)the reason why the volunteers burst into laughter(B)the man in the video is indeed a funny person(C)how chemicals stop immune system

(D)how laughing influenced the volunteers when they watched the video.你选择的答案： D [正确] 正确答案：D(4)What did the researchers discover in the research project?(A)Laughter had no effect on the body.(B)Laughter had a negative effect on the body.(C)Laughter had a positive effect on the body.(D)Laughter can cause big changes on our body.你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(5)In the text, the author is focusing on___________.(A)the important features of laughing(B)the beneficial effects of laughing(C)the powerful force of laughing(D)the negative parts of laughing 你选择的答案： B [正确] 正确答案：B 参考答案：

[第四单元];第5小题：B 主旨题。通观全文都在谈论笑对人体有利的一面，因此选B。

46.Reluctant __(1)__ talk about the weight of their lives, many men are suffering in silence from depression.“It’s important to recognize that when men become __(2)__ it may not be quite the picture of depression most of us have,” said Dr.Thomas Insel, director of the National Institute of Mental Health.__(3)__ depression in men is only about half as common as it is in women, 6 million men in America are diagnosed with depression annually.Mental health experts say men are __(4)__ likely to suffer in silence and not seek treatment, while depressed women are more likely to report feelings of sadness, helplessness, and guilt.Researchers say it is often more difficult for men to identify their illness.Men with depression are more likely to report fatigue, irritability, and loss of interest __(5)__work.According to data __(6)__ in the Journal of American Medical Association, about 16 percent of the U.S.adult population will have a major depression 6__(7)__ some time in their lives.And __(8)__ 14 million Americans suffered an episode of depression in 2002 alone, with the average episode lasting about 4 months.The survey builds __(9)__ previous surveys that showed women develop clinical depression at nearly twice the rate(12 percent each year)as men(7 percent).Men and women arrive at the depression in same way: it’s a chemical imbalance in the brain.Studies suggest you are __(10)__ greater risk of developing depression if you have severe loss as a child, an overwhelmingly stressful eve nt as an adult, or you have a family history of depression.[共10题](1)(A)for(B)on(C)to(D)of

你选择的答案： C [正确] 正确答案：C(2)

(A)depress(B)depression(C)depressing(D)depressed

第四篇：西南交大工程力学A作业

第一次作业

三、主观题(共8道小题)15.画出下列指定物体的受力图。

参考答案：

16.简易起重机用钢丝绳吊起重量G=2kN的重物，不计杆件自重、磨擦及滑轮大小，A、B、C三处简化为铰链连接；求杆AB和AC所受的力。

参考答案：

17.求图示平面力系的合成结果，长度单位为m。

参考答案：18.参考答案：

19.参考答案：

20.一为实心、一为空心的两根圆轴，材料、长度和所受外力偶均一样，实心直径d1，空心轴外径D2、内径d2，内外径之比α=d2/D2=0.8。若两轴重量一样，试求两轴最大相对扭转角之比。

参考答案：

21.参考答案：

22.参考答案：

第二次

15.画出下列各物系中指定物体的受力图。

参考答案：

三铰门式刚架受集中荷载P作用，不计架重；求图示两种情况下支座A、B的约束反力。

参考答案：

17.参考答案：

参考答案：

19.参考答案：

20.两个受扭薄壁杆截面，一个是开有纵向细缝的开口薄壁圆环，另一个是闭口薄壁圆环，如图所示。两杆的材料相同，尺寸相同，平均直径D=40mm，壁厚t=2mm，长度为l。两杆承受的扭矩相同。试求两杆最大切应力之比及扭转角之比。

参考答案：

21.参考答案：

第三次

三、主观题(共8道小题)15.铆接薄钢板在孔心A、B和C处受三力作用如图，已知P1=100N沿铅垂方向，P2=50N沿AB方向，P3=50N沿水平方向；求该力系的合成结果。

参考答案：

16.夹具中所用的两种连杆增力机构如图所示，书籍推力P作用于A点，夹紧平衡时杆AB与水平线的夹角为；求对于工件的夹紧力Q和当α=10o时的增力倍数Q/P。

参考答案：

17.参考答案：

18.参考答案：

19.低碳钢、铸铁及木材（顺纹方向与轴线平行）的圆棒两端受力偶作用，如图所示，直到破坏。试画出三种棒破坏时裂纹的方向，并说明为什么从此方向破坏。

参考答案：略

20.参考答案：

21.参考答案：22.参考答案：

第四次作业

三、主观题(共6道小题)17.图示简支梁受集中荷载P=20kN，求图示两种情况下支座A、B的约束反力。

参考答案：

18.四连杆机构OABO1在图示位置平衡，已知OA=40cm，O1B=60cm，作用在曲柄OA上的力偶矩大小为m1=1N.m，不计杆重；求力偶矩m2的大小及连杆AB所受的力。

参考答案：

19.参考答案：

20.参考答案：

21.等截面传动轴的转速n=150r/min，由A转输入功率NA=8kW，由B、C、D各轮输出功率分别为NB=3kW，NC=1kW，ND=4kW。己知轴的许用剪应力[τ]=60MPa，剪切弹性模量G=80GPa，0[θ]=2/m。要求首先安排各轮的位置，然后绘出传动轴的扭矩图，并确定轴的直径。参考答案：

四轮各位置如图，其中A轮应放在轴的中间位置，使得从A轮输入的扭矩由该轮的两侧分担，不会使轴的某段承担输入的全部扭矩。根据功率转化为扭矩关系，A、B、C、D各点的扭矩

22.参考答案：

第五篇：西南交大第三学期金属材料及热处理客观题3页

金属材料及热处理客观题

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共15道小题)1.高分子材料中，大分子链之间的结合键是（）。(C)共价键 正确答案：C 2.结构材料要求的主要性能为（）(C)力学性能 正确答案：C 3.材料的使用温度（）。

(D)应在其韧脆转变温度以上 正确答案：D 4.低碳钢拉伸应力-应变曲线上对应的最大应力值称为（）。(C)抗拉强度 正确答案：C 5.表示金属材料弹性极限的符号是（）。(C)se正确答案：C 6.（）是金属的韧性指标。(C)K1c 正确答案：C 7.金属材料在载荷作用下抵抗变形和破坏的能力叫（）。(D)强度 正确答案：D 8.（）属于密排六方结构。(D)Zn 正确答案：D 9.金属多晶体的晶粒越细，则其（）。(B)强度越高，塑性越好 正确答案：B 10.从金属学的观点来看，冷加工和热加工是以（）温度为界限区分的。(B)再结晶 正确答案：B 11.钨在室温塑性变形后，与塑性变形前相比（）。(A)硬度明显增高，塑性明显降低 正确答案：A 12.HCP 金属与FCC 金属在塑性上的的差别，主要是由于两者的()。(A)滑移系数目不同 正确答案：A 13.实际生产中，金属冷却时（）。(C)理论结晶温度总是大于实际结晶温度 正确答案：C 14.金属在结晶时，冷却速度越快，其实际结晶温度（）。(B)越低 正确答案：B 15.在金属结晶时，向液体金属中加入某种难熔杂质来有效细化金属的晶粒，以达到改善其机械性能的目的，这种细化晶粒的方法叫做()。(B)变质处理 正确答案：B

二、不定项选择题(有不定个选项正确，共10道小题)16.退火低碳钢的拉伸曲线包括（）阶段。(A)弹性变形(C)屈服

(D)加工硬化 正确答案：A C D 17.金属的塑性指标有（）。(B)延伸率

(D)断面收缩率 正确答案：B D 18.工程上常用（）表示材料的硬度。(A)HRC(B)HB 正确答案：A B 19.在晶体缺陷中，属于点缺陷的有（）。(A)间隙原子

(D)空位 正确答案：A D 20.在晶体缺陷中，属于面缺陷的有（）。

(C)晶界

(D)相界 正确答案：C D 21.金属变形的基本方式有（）。(B)滑移

(C)孪生正确答案：B C 22.变形金属再结晶后（）。(B)形成等轴晶

(D)塑性升高 正确答案：B D 23.经冷变形后，金属（）。(B)形成纤维组织

(C)强度升高 正确答案：B C

24.提高液体金属的冷却速度，可使金属结晶（）。(A)过冷度增加(B)N/G增加

(D)晶粒细化 正确答案：A B D

25.下面措施中能获得细晶粒结构的有（）。(A)进行变质处理(C)振动

(D)提高液体金属的冷却速度 正确答案：A C D

三、判断题(判断正误，共10道小题)

26.由弹性比功的公式：ae=se2/2E，可通过冶金、冷变形和热处理等方式来降低材料的弹性模量E从而提高其弹性比功。（）正确答案：说法错误

27.材料断裂韧性（KIC）受到材料的成分和组织结构以及构件的裂纹尺寸和几何形状的影响。（）正确答案：说法错误

28.金属材料的冲击韧性与测试温度无关。（）正确答案：说法错误

29.金属晶体中典型的空间点阵有体心立方、面心立方和密排六方三种。（）正确答案：说法正确

30.塑性变形时，滑移面总是晶体的密排面，滑移方向也总是密排方向。（）正确答案：说法正确

31.金属晶体中位错密度的增加，金属继续塑性变形的抗力增大，强度升高；因而，那些几乎完全没有位错等缺陷的、近乎理想的晶体材料强度很低。（）正确答案：说法错误

32.当金属进行冷塑性变形加工后，强度将会降低。（）正确答案：说法错误

33.热加工是在再结晶温度以上的加工方法，也会引起加工硬化。（）正确答案：说法错误

34.在实际金属的结晶过程中，自发形核比非自发形核更重要，往往起优先的主导的作用。（）

正确答案：说法正确

35.一般情况下，晶粒愈大，金属的强度、塑性愈好。（）正确答案：说法错误

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共15道小题)1.二元合金在发生共晶转变时，其相组成是（）。(D)三相共存 正确答案：D

2.实际金属结晶时，通过控制晶核形成率N和成长率G的比值来控制晶粒的大小，在下列（）情况下获得粗大的晶粒：(B)N/G很小时 正确答案：B 3.常温铁素体是碳溶解在（）中所形成的间隙固溶体。(A)α-Fe 正确答案：A 4.（）属于冶金缺陷。(D)缩孔 正确答案：D 5.铁素体的机械性能特点是（）(C)高塑性、低强度 正确答案：C 6.共晶成分的铁碳合金发生共晶反应时，其反应式为()。(C)LTA+Fe3C正确答案：C 7.（）为共晶体。(A)莱氏体 正确答案：A 8.在Fe-Fe3C相图中，Acm线也称为（）。(D)固溶度线 正确答案：D 9.下列铁碳合金在室温平衡状态，（）成分的强度最高。(B)0.8％正确答案：B 10.铸铁的含碳量一般为（）。(C)2.11～6.69% 正确答案：C 11.钢的含碳量一般为（）。(A)0.0218～2.11% 正确答案：A 12.脆性相以（）析出的危害最大。(A)网状 正确答案：A 13.热处理能使钢的性能发生变化，其根本原因是（）。(A)铁有同素异构转变 正确答案：A 14.比较以下（）的强度最高。(D)S 正确答案：D 15.钢经调质处理后获得的组织是()。(C)回火索氏体 正确答案：C

二、不定项选择题(有不定个选项正确，共10道小题)16.渗碳体的机械性能特点是（）(C)高硬度(D)高脆性 正确答案：C D 17.（）是碳溶解在Fe中形成的间隙固溶体。(A)铁素体(B)奥氏体 正确答案：A B 18.马氏体组织有（）形态。(C)板条状(D)针状 正确答案：C D 19.铸铁的力学性能可取决于（）。(A)基体组织(B)石墨的形态(C)变质处理(D)石墨化程度 正确答案：A B C D 20.大多数合金元素均在不同程度上有细化晶粒的作用，其中细化晶粒作用最为显著的有（）。(B)Ti(D)V 正确答案：B D 21.含有合金元素（）较多的钢可能是本质粗晶钢。

(A)Mn

(C)P 正确答案：A C

22.钢中常含有的有益元素主要有（）。(A)Mn

(C)S 正确答案：A D

23.钢经调质处理后的机械性能（）(B)强度比正火高(C)塑性比正火更好

(D)韧性比正火更好 正确答案：B C D 24.齿轮类零件的主要失效形式有（）。(B)疲劳断裂(C)过载断裂

(D)表面损伤 正确答案：B C D 25.选材的主要原则有（）。(A)使用性能原则(B)工艺性能原则(C)经济性原则(D)环境与资源原则 正确答案：A B C D

三、判断题(判断正误，共10道小题)

26.凡是由液体凝固成固体的过程都是结晶过程。（）正确答案：说法错误

27.非晶体是各向同性的。（）正确答案：说法正确

28.单晶体和多晶体都表现为各向异性。（）正确答案：说法错误

29.合金中凡成分相同、结构相同，并与其它部分有界面分开的均匀组成部分称为组织。（）

正确答案：说法错误

30.固溶体的强度和硬度，比组成固溶体的溶剂金属的强度和硬度高。（）正确答案：说法正确

31.在平衡结晶条件下，由于匀晶转变在整个结晶过程中，固相的成分沿着固相线变化，因此，结晶完成后，得到固体的成分是不均匀的。（）正确答案：说法正确

32.无限固溶体一定是置换固溶体。（）正确答案：说法正确

33.Fe3CI与Fe3CⅡ的形态和晶体结构均不相同。（）正确答案：说法错误

34.在Fe－Fe3C相图中，含碳量大于2.11%的成分在结晶过程中均会发生共晶反应。（）正确答案：说法正确

35.只有共析成分的铁碳合金才能发生共析反应。（）正确答案：说法错误

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共15道小题)

1.将钢加热到临界温度以上或其它一定温度，保温一定时问，然后缓慢地冷却到室温，这一热处理工艺称为（）。(D)退火 正确答案：D

2.对形状复杂，截面变化大的零件进行淬火时，应选用（）。(A)高淬透性钢 正确答案：A

3.贝氏体是钢经（）处理后获得的组织。(A)等温淬火 正确答案：A 4.钢的回火处理是在（）。(C)淬火后进行 正确答案：C 5.零件渗碳后，一般需经过（）才能达到表面硬度高而且耐磨的目的。(A)低温回火 正确答案：A 6.钢经表面淬火后，将获得（）。(D)一定深度的马氏体 正确答案：D 7.淬硬性好的钢必须具备（）。(B)高的含碳量 正确答案：B 8.完全退火主要适用于（）。(A)亚共析钢 正确答案：A 9.（）主要用于各种弹簧淬火后的处理。(B)中温回火 正确答案：B 10.T10在锻后缓冷，随即又采用正火处理的目的是（）。(B)碎化网状的二次渗碳体，为球化退火作组织准备 正确答案：B 11.扩散退火的主要目的是（）。(A)消除和改善晶内偏析 正确答案：A 12.若合金元素能使过冷奥氏体冷却C曲线右移，钢的淬透性将（）。(B)提高 正确答案：B 13.机械制造中，T10钢常用来制造（）。(B)刀具 正确答案：B 14.合金渗碳钢中的（）合金元素可起到细化晶粒的作用。(B)Ti 正确答案：B 15.（）热轧空冷即可使用。(D)低合金高强度钢 正确答案：D

二、判断题(判断正误，共10道小题)16.珠光体是由铁素体和渗碳体组成的。（）正确答案：说法正确

17.亚共析钢室温下的平衡组织是铁素体和珠光体。（）正确答案：说法正确

18.亚共析钢室温下的平衡组织是铁素体和珠光体。（）正确答案：说法正确

19.过共析钢室温下的平衡组织是奥氏体和一次渗碳体。（）正确答案：说法错误

20.白口铸铁很硬但几乎无塑性。（）正确答案：说法正确

21.室温平衡状态的铁碳二元合金都是由F、Fe3C 两个基本相组成，含碳量不同，只是这两个相的数量、形态和分布不同而已。（）正确答案：说法正确

22.钢的热处理后的最终性能，主要取决于该钢的化学成分。（）正确答案：说法错误

23.碳钢在室温下的相组成物是铁素体和渗碳体。（）正确答案：说法正确

24.钢的热处理是通过加热，保温和冷却，以改变钢的形状，尺寸，从而改善钢的性能的一种工艺方法。（）正确答案：说法错误

25.调质钢经淬火和高温回火后的组织是回火索氏体。（）正确答案：说法正确

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共11道小题)1.二次硬化属于（）。(D)第二相强化 正确答案：D 2.GCrl5的含铬量是（）。(B)1.5％ 正确答案：B

3.从选材基本原则出发，制造常用手用锯条应当选用（）。(A)T12钢淬火+低温回火 正确答案：A

4.汽车、拖拉机的齿轮要求表面高耐磨性，中心有良好的强韧性，常常选用渗碳钢，下列可以作为生产该类零件的材料是（）。(A)20CrMnMo 正确答案：A

5.9SiCr中碳的质量分数（含碳量）约为（）。(B)0.9%正确答案：B

6.从灰铸铁的牌号可以看出它的（）指标。(C)强度 正确答案：C

7.45 钢调质处理后硬度偏低，补救的方法是（）(C)重新加热淬火后，选用低一点温度回火 正确答案：C

8.对球墨铸铁进行热处理，是通过改变（）来改善性能的。(C)基体组织正确答案：C

9.影响钢的临界冷却速度的最主要因素是（）。(D)钢的合金化 正确答案：D

10.下列（）铝合金不能采用时效强化处理。(D)防锈铝 正确答案：D

11.硬铝合金的性能在（i）加热、保温后快速冷却、以及（ii）随后的低温加热冷却后的变化为（）

(B)（i）软化/（ii）硬化 正确答案：B

二、判断题(判断正误，共6道小题)

12.表面淬火既能改变钢的表面化学成分，也能改善心部的组织和性能。（）正确答案：说法错误

13.高温回火脆性是一种不可逆的回火脆性，其主要原因是P等杂质元素在原奥氏体晶界上的偏聚。（）正确答案：说法错误

14.同种钢材淬火时的加热条件相同，其中，水淬比油淬的淬透性好，小件比大件的淬透性好。（）正确答案：说法错误

15.化学热处理既改变工件表面的化学成分，又改变其表面组织。（）正确答案：说法正确

16.20Cr钢是合金渗碳钢。（）正确答案：说法正确

17.20钢比T12钢的含碳量高，因此塑性差。（）正确答案：说法正确