口 译 实 践

第一篇：口 译 实 践

第二部分

口 译 实 践

Interpretation Practice 第四章

礼仪讲话口译

Ceremonial Speech

一、热身阅读材料/Warming-up Reading Material 第一篇/Passage 1 Your Excellencies, distinguished guests, my lords, ladies and gentlemen, It is with my great pleasure that I welcome you tonight to this magnificent castle.We warmly welcome you and your distinguished delegation to Wales.Wales is a small country compared with China.However, the Welsh people have made a significant contribution to the development of the United Kingdom and to the part the UK has played throughout the world.I would like to ask you, Mr.Chairman, to help increase the awareness of Wales among Chinese companies that are considering their first move into Europe.For many years, Wales has been one of the most popular destinations for foreign investment in Europe.Investors in Wales have brought over ￡12 billion into the country and continue to reinvest once established.Investors are not limited to US and Europe.Many companies from the Far East have chosen to establish their European operations here.Our Welsh Development Agency has set up an office in China.It demonstrates our commitment to your country.Welsh companies are increasingly focused on outward investment and establishing joint ventures with partners in China.China‘s accession to the World Trade Organization will present new opportunities for both our economies.Developing special relationships with China is something to which we attach great importance, not only through trade but also in other areas such as science, education and justice.Recently, the Welsh Science Mission visited China.The visit raised Wales‘s profile with the Chinese scientific community.It also established an exchange scheme in which Welsh scientists will benefit.Mr.Chairman, as you are aware, there has been contact at ministerial level.Not long ago, 50 新编实用英语口译教程

we were delighted to receive a visit from his Excellency Mr.Wen Jiabao.As you know already, his visit was a great success.In return, our Deputy First Minister has just accepted a generous invitation to lead a delegation to China later this year.They will be visiting Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.They are looking forward to the visit.These visits are clear signals of the highly productive relationship which Wales and China have developed.Judging by the crowd that have gathered here tonight, I‘m very confident that the relationship will continue to grow.Thank you for taking the time to include a visit to Wales in your busy and demanding program.We are honored by your presence here this evening and would ask you to take back with you the warmest good wishes from the people of Wales and the United Kingdom.May I now propose a toast.课文词语/Words and Expressions from the Text Your Excellencies

诸位阁下 first move into Europe

打入欧洲 Welsh Development Agency

威尔士经济发展署 Deputy First Minister

副首席部长 Welsh Science Mission

威尔士科学考察团

contact at ministerial level

部长级接触 busy and demanding program

紧张、繁忙的日程 propose a toast

举杯

第二篇/Passage 2 Looking Ahead Mr.Chairman, Ladies and gentlemen, Today, we leaders of Asian and European countries meet here again.We will exchange views on cooperation in a wide range of areas and on the building of a new Asia-Europe partnership on the basis of equality and in a friendly manner.I wish to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt thanks to the host for the successful organization of this meeting.This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Asia-Europe Summit.The last decade has witnessed the growth of Asia, profound changes in the international relations, and a growing trend toward multi-polarity.Over the past decade, guided by the principles of mutual respect, conducting dialogue on an equal footing, making gradual progress and building consensus through consultation, Asia and Europe have carried out extensive and diversified cooperation and intensified political dialogue.We enjoy closer economic links, rapidly growing cooperation in social areas and expanding 第四章

礼仪讲话口译

cultural and people-to-people exchanges.The Asia-Europe Summit has become a strategic platform for Asia and Europe to strengthen coordination, promote cooperation and pursue common development.Facing the new development, people naturally place higher expectations on the Asia-Europe Summit, and it is imperative that we adopt a long-term strategy to plan our future cooperation.We should set the following goals for the Asia-Europe Summit: We should make Asia and Europe more influential in addressing major global issues through expanding dialogue and cooperation.We should promote diversified development of culture and civilization through enhanced mutual political trust.We should further economic cooperation in substantive terms on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.We should advance institutional building for cooperation that meets long-term needs as called for.We should maintain the openness of the Asia-Europe Summit by increasing its outreach.And we should consolidate and further develop the new Asia-Europe partnership in the interest of global peace and prosperity.To build a new Asia-Europe partnership calls for new concepts and new methodology.When we look back on the past experiences and look into the future, I believe that a new partnership between Asia and Europe should be constructed on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit.We should seek common ground while putting aside differences, enhance mutual understanding and trust, eliminate trade discrimination, oppose imposition of trade sanctions, and enhance technical exchanges and cooperation.China attaches great importance to and has taken an active part in the process of Asia-Europe cooperation.Over the past 10 years, China has carried out many follow-up activities in counter-terrorism, the judicial sector, economy and trade, finance, science and technology, customs, environment and cultural exchanges.We have actively promoted multilateral cooperation, economic exchanges and dialogue between different cultures and civilizations.We have carried out a major reform in foreign trade and formulated a set of related laws.We have reduced our tariffs to the average level of the developing countries.I am convinced that China‘s reform, opening-up and stability will provide the business community of Asian and European countries with tremendous investment and trade opportunities, thus making positive contributions to peace, stability and prosperity in Asia and the world at large.We will continue to develop friendly relations and cooperation with our Asian and European partners and other countries in the world and work with them to build a world of harmony, durable peace and common prosperity.Let us join hands in building a new Asian-European partnership and shaping a more splendid future for our two continents and the world at large.52 新编实用英语口译教程

China will host a new Asia-Europe Summit next year.I look forward to meeting you again at the Summit in Beijing.Thank you, Mr.Chairman.课文词语/Words and Expressions from the Text Asia-Europe partnership

Asia-Europe Summit

Multi-polarity

Mutual political trust

in substantive terms

outreach

equality and mutual benefit

seek common ground while putting aside differences

eliminate trade discrimination

oppose imposition of trade sanctions

亚欧伙伴关系 亚欧首脑会议 多极化 政治互信 以实质性的方式 超出范围、领域平等互利 求同存异 消除贸易歧视 反对贸易制裁

follow-up activities

持续不断的行动 reduce tariffs

降低关税

二、口译实践/Interpretation Practice 听译下列课文/Listen to the following passages and interpret it.(一)英译汉/E-C 第一篇/Passage 1 相关词语/Related Words and Expressions the International Federation of Translators

(FIT)国际译联 中国翻译工作者协会 调集人力和财力资源 非政治的 管理结构

《为翻译工作者和译作提供法律保 保障并切实提高翻译工作者地位 建议书》 免除，豁免 国际质量标准 the Translators Association of China

marshal the human and financial resources

apolitical

administrative structure

Nairobi International Recommendation on the

Legal Protection of Translators and the Practical

Means to Improve the Status of Translators

exempt from

international quality standards

Secretariat

秘书处 第四章

礼仪讲话口译

curricular developments

学科建设

新编实用英语口译教程

the rich palette of professional and educational information 丰富的行业和教育信息

4-1.mp3

Speech of President Peter Krawutschke at the Opening Ceremony of the 18th World Congress of the International Federation of Translators(Shanghai，Aug.2008)It gives me great pleasure to report that the 18th World Congress of the International Federation of Translators promises to be a spectacular event giving global visibility to our professions and academic disciplines.Our Chinese colleagues of the Translators Association of China did an excellent job in marshalling the human and financial resources necessary to bring this event to fruition.Not only did we have to compete with the Olympics, but the organizers also had to face major political and geological events.For all of their work on behalf of the global community of translation and interpreters, FIT wishes to thank our Chinese colleagues.When FIT was founded in 1953, eight years after the end of the Second World War, the founding member associations came from France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Turkey, and Denmark.As you can see, former enemies and friends worked together for the good of the profession.What better historical record of the apolitical nature of the translators‘ and interpreters‘ work could I cite? From the beginning, the founders under the leadership of Pierre-François Caillé patterned FIT on the aims and administrative structure of the U.N.and UNESCO.That global posture is clearly expressed in FIT‘s participation in drafting the 1976 UNESCO Nairobi International Recommendation on the Legal Protection of Translators and the Practical Means to Improve the Status of Translators.Over the years, FIT grew to represent over sixty countries and approximately 400,000 interpreters and translators worldwide.It is interesting to note that by its 50th anniversary, FIT had changed its Europe-centered posture by moving its Secretariat to Montréal, Canada, and by making this move permanent.Without a doubt, the founders of FIT would be delighted that this year the global community of translators and interpreters meets in China in the beautiful city of Shanghai.It is the first time that the FIT Congress takes place in Asia, and I hope that this Congress will serve as an inspiration for our member associations in Latin America, in Africa, and in the Near East to consider hosting the FIT Congress in future years.I frequently state that translators and interpreters work locally and nationally, but need to pay attention to global developments because our industry is not exempt from globalization.It is becoming ever more important that national and regional translator and interpreter associations evaluate the local impact of international quality standards and curricular developments in the disciplines that form the foundation of our professions.It is my considered opinion that the best way to represent and to protect your local and national professional and economic interests is to be actively engaged in the work of the only 第四章

礼仪讲话口译

organization representing these interests globally, and that organization is FIT, the International Federation of Translators.By your presence here today, you have chosen to do so.May I express my sincere hope that you will continue to enjoy your work in the years to come, that you will nourish your friendships with your fellow translators made at this 18th FIT World Congress, and that you will take full advantage of the rich palette of professional and educational information this Congress will offer you during the next few days.I thank my colleagues from the Translators Association of China and I thank the city of Shanghai for hosting the 18th FIT World Congress.Peter Krawutschke

President of the International Federation of Translators

August 2008

第二篇/Passage 2

阅读以下演讲，尝试进行口译练习。相关词语/Related Words and Expressions Andrei Sakharow Prize

安德烈·萨哈罗夫奖 Prize for Freedom of Thought

思想自由奖 European Parliament

欧洲议会 European Union

欧盟 tyranny

暴政 multilateralism

多边主义 diversity

多样化 international community

国际社会 legal framework

法律框架 Refugee Convention

难民公约 asylum system

庇护体系 immigration

移民 official development aid

官方发展援助 Don‘t get me wrong

不要曲解我的意思

4-2.mp3

UN Former Secretary-General Kofi Annan’s Address to the European Parliament upon Receipt of the Andrel Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought.Ladies and Gentlemen, I am deeply touched that you have honored my friend and colleague, Sergio Vieira de Mello, and the many other UN staff who have lost their lives in working for peace in the world.I am 56 新编实用英语口译教程

proud to accept the Andrei Sakharow Prize in memory of them.This Prize for Freedom of Thought is not only a worthy recognition of the ultimate sacrifice that they made in the cause of peace.It is also a welcome acknowledgement of the kinds of people they were.The brave men and women we lost in Baghdad on 19 August — UN staff and others — were free spirits and free thinkers and also soldiers of humanity and of peace.Earlier, President Cox and I met some of the survivors of the attack, and family members of those who were killed or injured, and, as you know, they are with us in the Chamber now.I thank them for joining us today, and I accept this Prize in their name too.I also thank you, President Cox, and all of you, as Members of the European Parliament, for inviting these special people to share this occasion.It is a gesture that speaks volumes about the solidarity of the European Union with the United Nations.Like many who survived the blast, the United Nations itself carries deep wounds.But our determination is stronger than ever, and we value the solidarity of friends like you.You showed your commitment this morning, when you adopted a resolution to strengthen the EU‘s political and financial support for the United Nations.In its long history, Europe has seen more than its fair share of war, tyranny, and terrible suffering.But Europeans have replaced that with a future of hope.You have pursued the path of peace through multilateralism.And today, the European Union is a shining light of tolerance, human rights, and international cooperation.After 1st.May this year, that light will shine even brighter.When you enlarge to 25 members, you will cross a divide between east and west that once seemed unbridgeable.Enlargement is the greatest force for peace on the European continent.The hope of further enlargement in years to come promises to build other bridges of cooperation and understanding — including between the West and Islam, and between peoples who have fought each other in bloody wars.As time goes by, the continent is also experiencing an enlargement of what it means to be European.I look forward to the day when Europe rejoices as much in diversity within States as it does in diversity between them.Many of your societies are already very diverse.But all of your societies — and many others around the world too — will become more diverse in the decades to come.This is the inevitable result of the movement of people across international borders.That movement is not going to stop.As an international community, we need to manage the movement of people across borders far better than we do —not just for the sake of those who move, but for the sake of the countries they leave behind, those they travel through, and those they migrate to.People migrate today for the same reasons that tens of millions of Europeans once left your shores — they flee war or oppression, or they leave in search of a better life in a new hand.第四章

礼仪讲话口译

Those who are forced out of their homes — the refugees who flee in fear for their safety — are our collective legal and moral responsibility.We have an agreed legal framework for their protection — the 1951 Refugee Convention.However, when refugees cannot seek asylum because of offshore barriers, or are detained for excessive periods in unsatisfactory conditions, or are refused entry because of restrictive interpretations of the Convention, the asylum system is broken, and the promise of the Convention is broken, too.Your asylum system needs the resources to process claims fairly, quickly and openly, so that refugees are protected and solutions found for them.European States need to move towards a system of joint processing and sharing of responsibilities.Along with others, the EU must also help strengthen the capacity of poor countries to provide protection and solutions for refugees.After all, seven out of 10 refugees seek refuge in developing countries, where resources are far more stretched and human rights standards more uneven.If we ignore this fact, there is a missing link in our approach to refugees — as Professor Gil Loescher — he‘s here with us — one of the survivors of Baghdad — has rightly pointed out.Don‘t get me wrong.I do not pretend that migration is without problems.Immigrants bring to their host communities different cultures and customs, different languages and religions.This is a source of enrichment, but it can be a source of discomfort, and even of division and alienation.The challenge of integration is real.Almost every large new immigrant group has been reviled to some degree in the early days of its establishment.The experience of some migrants today is reminiscent of the hostility that Huguenots once faced in England, as did Germans, Italians and Irish in the United States, and Chinese in Australia.But the longer perspective is almost always far more positive.(Excerpt from UN former Secretary-General Kofi Annan‘s address to the European Parliament upon receipt of the Andrei Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought in Brussels on January 29,2004)(二)汉译英/C-E 第一篇/Passage 1 相关词语/Related Words and Expressions 国际译联

International Federation of Translators(FIT)中国翻译协会

Translators Association of China(TAC)第18届世界翻译大会

The XVIII FIT World Congress 有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎?

How happy we are to meet friends from afar.四川5·12汶川大地震

the earthquake in China‘s Sichuan Province on May 12 国际译联亚洲翻译家论坛

the FIT Asian Translators Forum 联合国教科文组织

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)58 新编实用英语口译教程

4-3.mp3

刘习良会长在第18届世界翻译大会开幕式上的讲话

三年前，在芬兰坦佩雷市，国际译联宣布中国翻译协会为第18届世界翻译大会的主办组织，中国翻译协会从芬兰翻译协会手中接过了国际译联会旗。这将是首次在亚洲也是在中国举办的世界翻译界的盛会。我们深深感到，我们接过来的不仅仅是信任与荣誉，更是沉甸甸的责任。

为了做好东道主，中国翻译协会申办成功后，立即开始着手为第三年的大会做准备。在大会组委会的领导下，从国内外的宣传，到1500多篇学术论文摘要的评审，到会务细节的落实，到资金的筹措，我们尽了最大的努力。今天，我们高兴地迎来了来自70多个国家和地区的1500余名与会者。中国2000多年前的著名教育家孔子曾经说过‚:有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎?‛我们衷心希望，国际翻译界的同仁们通过这次大会互相交流，互相促进，增进彼此之间的友谊。在大会筹备过程中，我们就感受到了这种友谊。四川5·12汶川大地震后，国际译联以及芬兰、挪威、黎巴嫩、阿联酋、日本、加拿大、尼日利亚、阿尔巴尼亚等国的翻译工作者纷纷来函表示慰问，对此我们深表感谢。

中国翻译协会自1987年加入国际译联以后，一直积极参与国际译界的活动，其多名代表先后当选国际译联理事。1995年，中国译协发起组织了首届国际译联亚洲翻译家论坛，迄今已经举办5届，成为亚洲翻译界最重要的活动之一。过去三年，在筹办第18届世界翻译大会期间，中国译协广泛与国际翻译组织和机构建立了联系，进一步加强了沟通与合作。我们深切地感觉到，既然翻译工作是不同文化之间的桥梁，翻译工作者首先必须加强交流与沟通。我们知道，要切实提高全世界翻译工作者的地位，保障翻译工作者的权益，我们还有很多的工作要做。我们愿意与热心翻译事业的相关组织机构和广大翻译工作者一起，认可。

在世界翻译大会筹备过程中，联合国和联合国教科文组织等国内外众多机构和组织给予了高度关注，中国政府和上海市政府给予了大力支持，北京元培世纪翻译有限公司和上海东方翻译中心等业界企业给予了热情赞助。我谨在此对他们表示真诚的感谢。我也代表中国翻译协会感谢所有前来参加大会的同仁们，正是你们的到来让会议变得精彩。

愿4天的会议让大家不虚此行，祝国际翻译界大家庭三年一次的聚会圆满成功！

刘习良

中国翻译协会会长 在国际译联的旗臶下共同努力，让翻译工作得到应有的尊重，让翻译的价值得到普遍的第二篇/Passage 2 相关词语/Related Words and Expressions 英国皇家国际问题研究所

Chatham House 治学严谨，兼容并蓄

rigorous scholarship and inclusiveness

第四章

礼仪讲话口译

外交部长

Foreign Minister 改革开放

reform and opening-up 外交政策

foreign policy

经济全球化和区域一体化

economic globalization and regional integration 局部冲突和热点问题

local conflicts and hotspot issues 全球经济失衡

global economic imbalance 互利共赢的开放战略

win-win strategy of opening-up 全方位、多层次

multi-faceted and multi-tiered 经贸摩擦

economic and trade frictions 建立和谐世界

build a harmonious world 相互借鉴，求同存异

learn from each other, expand common ground

同声相应，同气相投

4-4.mp3

while shelving differences

Things that accord in tone vibrate together.Things that have affinity in their inmost natures seek one another.中欧携手

共创未来

杨洁篪外长在英国皇家国际问题研究所的演讲

2007年12月5日，伦敦

尊敬的尼布利特所长，女士们、先生们、朋友们：

感谢尼布利特所长热情洋溢的致词。英国皇家国际问题研究所是世界知名的国际问题研究机构，以治学严谨、兼容并蓄著称，汇集了许多国际著名学者和研究人员，在国际关系研究领域提出了不少新思想、新理念。我非常高兴有机会在英国皇家国际问题研究所与在座的朋友交流思想、畅谈合作。

这是我就任外长后首次正式访问欧洲和英国，但欧洲和英国对我并不陌生。早在30多年前，我就曾以一名学生的身份来到英国求学。30多年过去了，国际形势发生了复杂深刻的变化，中国和欧洲各自的情况以及相互的关系也发生了巨大变化。特别是中国改革开放近30年来取得了举世瞩目的成就，引起世界广泛关注。外界普遍关心，中国外交政策今后走向如何？中国发展将给世界带来什么样的影响？

今天，我想主要就中国外交政策的重点以及中国发展将给中欧关系带来什么样的影响等问题与大家分享看法。

女士们、先生们、朋友们！

当今世界正处于大变革、大调整之中，出现了不少新情况和新特点。一方面，随着经济全球化和区域一体化深入发展，国与国之间联系日益紧密，相互依存不断加深，各国利 60 新编实用英语口译教程

益交融，休戚与共。求和平、谋发展、促合作已经成为不可阻挡的时代潮流。另一方面，世界仍然很不安定。局部冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，全球经济失衡加剧，南北差距拉大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，世界和平与发展面临诸多难题和挑战。在这样的形势下，如何更好地适应国际形式的变化，有效应对现实挑战，维护世界和平，促进共同发展成为各国面临的现实问题。

前不久，中国共产党召开了第十七次代表大会。这是在国际形势深刻变化、中国改革发展进入关键阶段背景下召开的一次重要会议。会议为今后一个时期中国外交工作指明了方向。我认为，会议主要向外界传达了三个重要信息。

第一，中国将始终不渝走和平发展的道路。这一战略抉择的核心思想，就是通过维护世界和平来发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。这是对中华民族热爱和平传统的继承与发扬，是发展中国特色社会主义的本质要求，也是中国独立自主的和平外交政策的应有之义，不仅符合中国人民的根本利益，也顺应了人类进步的时代潮流。

有人认为，在人类发展史上，没有哪个大国的崛起是通过和平手段实现的，因此对中国的和平发展道路也产生了疑虑。事实上，这种担忧是没有必要的。在相互依存的全球化时代，中国的发展离不开世界，世界的发展同样离不开中国。各国只有在持久和平中才能实现持续发展，只有在共同发展中才能共享和平。

和平发展道路指明了中国实现发展的途径和方式。中国政府决心将中国人民的根本利益与各国人民的共同利益结合起来，将本国的对外政策主张与各国人民的进步意愿结合起来，以合作谋和平，以合作解争端。中国将努力实现和平的发展、开放的发展、合作的发展、和谐的发展。

第二，中国将始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略。改革开放使中国实现了从封闭半封闭到全面开放的伟大历史转折，形成了全方位、多层次、宽领域的对外开放格局，在政治、经济、文化、安全等方面与国际社会建立起前所未有的广泛、深入联系。

对于中国这样一个拥有13亿人口的发展中大国来说，要发展起来，就要依靠自己的力量，也离不开积极参与国际经济贸易合作，积极学习、借鉴其他国家的发展经验。回首中国29年改革开放历程，中国的发展不仅使本国人民走上了富裕安康道路，而且为世界经济发展和人类文明进步做出了重大贡献，并已成为本地区乃至世界经济增长的重要引擎。过去30年间，中国年均进口增速达15%以上，已经成为世界第三大进口市场和亚洲第一大进口市场。中国的产品也为世界各国的消费者带来了实惠。随着中国的发展，市场规模、对外投资等必将进一步扩大，为世界经济的稳定和繁荣作出更大的贡献。

中国的对外开放是全面、互利、双赢的。在这一进程中，中国没有也不会以牺牲他国利益为代价，而是积极寻求与所有国家开展互利、互补、互助和互惠的合作。中国将在实现本国发展的同时，兼顾其他国家的正当关切，妥善处理与其他国家的经贸摩擦，继续按照通行的国际贸易规则，扩大市场准入，改善外贸结构，缓解贸易不平衡矛盾，在更大范围、更广领域和更高层次上参与经济全球化，参与国际经济技术合作和竞争。

第三，中国将努力推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。和谐世界思想的提出，凝聚了中国传统文化的精髓，向世界传递了中国在快速发展壮大的过程中，渴望和平发展、第四章

礼仪讲话口译

愿做负责任大国，并希望与其他各国共建持久和平、共同繁荣世界的强烈信息。推动建设和谐世界，是中国坚持走和平发展道路的必然要求，是中国实现和平发展的重要条件。

中国致力于同各国在政治上相互尊重、平等协商、和谐相处，尊重各国人民自主选择社会制度和发展道路的权利，坚持各国平等参与国际事务，共同推进国际关系民主化；在经济上互相合作、优势互补，共同推动经济全球化进程朝着均衡、普惠、共赢方向发展；在文化上相互借鉴、求同存异，尊重世界多样性，共同促进人类文明繁荣进步；在安全上相互信任、加强合作，坚持用和平方式而不是战争手段解决国际争端，共同维护世界和平稳定；在环保上相互帮助、协力推进，共同呵护人类赖以生存的地球家园。

和谐世界是一个长远的理想，实现这一目标将是一个长期复杂的过程，也是各国合力应对挑战、不断寻求共识、扩大共同利益的过程，是不同文明、文化之间相互对话、相互借鉴、共同发展繁荣的过程。

女士们、先生们、朋友们！

新世纪人类社会的发展机遇与挑战并存，机遇大于挑战。中欧、中英之间有着广泛共同利益，面临着共同挑战，承担着共同责任。这需要我们共享机遇，共促和平，共谋发展，共迎挑战。

中国有句古话，叫做‚同声相应，同气相投‛，意思是：意见相同的人互相响应，志趣相投的人自然结合在一起。贵国著名诗人塞缪尔·约翰逊这样勉励我们：‚积极地去创造并抓住那些我们触手可及的好机会，这是人生最大的艺术。‛

让中欧、中英携起手来，为中欧、中英关系和整个世界更加美好的明天而努力。

谢谢大家！

参考译文/Reference Version(一)英译汉/E-C 第一篇/Passage 1

4-1 毕德主席在第18届世界翻译大会开幕式上的讲话

我很高兴地告诉各位，第18届世界翻译大会的召开无疑将成为一次向世界展示我们行业及其学术风采的重要事件。我们中国翻译协会的同仁调集了必要的人力和财力资源，出色地保证了本次大会如期召开。会议组织者不仅要与北京奥运会争辉，还要面对重大政治事件和自然灾害的挑战。我谨代表国际译联，向我们的中国同仁为全球翻译界所做的这一切表示由衷的感谢。

国际译联创建于1953年，时值第二次世界大战结束之后的第八年，创始成员协会分别来自法国、德国、意大利、挪威、土耳其和丹麦。正如大家所看到的，曾经的敌人和朋友 62 新编实用英语口译教程

为翻译行业的发展走到了一起，还有什么能比这更好地说明翻译工作的非政治性呢？

国际译联的开创者们在皮埃尔·弗兰克斯·卡耶的领导下，创建伊始就效仿联合国和联合国教科文组织的目标和管理结构。1976年，国际译联参与起草了联合国教科文组织在内罗毕通过的《为翻译工作者和译作提供法律保障并切实提高翻译工作者地位建议书》，充分彰显了国际译联的国际地位。经过多年的发展，国际译联已经逐渐发展成为全世界60多个国家，近40万名口译、笔译工作者的代表。

一个有趣的现象是，国际译联在迎接50周年华诞之际，改变了以欧洲为中心的惯例，将秘书处永久性地迁移到了加拿大的蒙特利尔市。

毫无疑问，国际译联的创始人也会对今天全球翻译界在中国美丽的城市——上海欢聚一堂而感到高兴。这是国际译联第一次在亚洲举办世界翻译大会，我希望此次会议能够激励我们在拉丁美洲、非洲和近东地区的成员，争取以后也能在他们的国家举办世界翻译大会。

我反复说过，虽然翻译人员大多在本地、本国工作，但需要具备国际视野，因为我们的行业也将不可避免地走向全球化。因此，国家和区域级翻译协会需要评估国际质量标准以及作为行业基石的学科建设方面的进展对本地区翻译行业的冲击，以及作为本学科基石的翻译教学的发展情况。这一点已经变得越来越重要。

我个人认为，要代表和维护本地区和本国的行业利益和经济利益，最好的方式就是积极地参与国际上代表这些利益的唯一组织——国际译联。今天到会的代表无疑都作出了这一选择。

我真诚地希望大家在今后的工作中顺心，在本次会议上与其他同行建立的友谊得以保持和发展，同时也希望在接下来的几天里，充分了解大会所提供的丰富的行业和教育信息。

最后，衷心地感谢中国翻译协会的同仁，同时也感谢上海市对本次大会的支持。

毕德

国际译联主席

2008年8月

第二篇/Passage 2

4-2：前联合国秘书长安南在欧洲议会接受安德烈·萨哈罗夫思想自由奖时的讲话 女士们、先生们：

你们将崇高的荣誉授予我的朋友和同事塞尔希奥·比埃拉·德海洛以及为世界和平事业献身的其他许多联合国的工作人员，让我深受感动。接受安德烈·萨哈罗夫奖，缅怀他们，让我倍感自豪。

这个思想自由奖不仅仅是他们为和平事业献出生命所应得的表彰。这个奖还令人欣慰地证明了他们是怎样的人。8月19日在巴格达殉职的男女勇士中有联合国的工作人员及其他人员，他们都是自由之魂，是自由的思考者，是人类与和平的卫士。

早些时候，我和考克斯议长慰问了那次袭击事件中的几名幸存者以及死伤者家属。他们现在也和我们一道坐在会议厅里。我感谢他们今天出席这个颁奖典礼，我也是以他们的名义接受这个奖项。我也要感谢您，考克斯议长，还要感谢欧洲议会的议员们，感谢你们 第四章

礼仪讲话口译

邀请这些身份特殊的人来共享这一时刻。此举有力地说明了欧盟与联合国的团结一致。

像在爆炸事件中幸免于难的许多人一样，联合国也深受创伤。但我们现在的决心比以往任何时候都要坚定，我们珍视与像你们这样的朋友的团结。今天上午，你们以实际行动表达了自己的决心，通过了一项决议，旨在加强欧盟对联合国的政治和财政支持。

欧洲在其漫长的历史中，经受过太多的战争、暴政和苦难。但是欧洲人走过了那段历史，取而代之的是一个充满希望的未来。你们通过推行多边主义来谋求和平。今天，欧盟已成为一盏照亮容忍、人权和国际合作的明灯。

今年5月1日以后，这盏灯的光芒将更加耀眼。当欧盟扩大到25个成员国的时候，跨过了一度被认为不可逾越的东西欧鸿沟。欧盟的扩大是欧洲大陆上最强大的和平推动力。

欧盟在今后几年里的进一步扩大，将在其他各方之间架起合作与理解的桥梁，包括西方国家与伊斯兰国家之间、血腥战争中敌对双方的人民之间。随着时间的推移，对欧洲人的定义也在逐渐扩大。我期望有一天欧洲将会为国家内部的多样化而欢呼，就像它现在为欧洲各国之间的多样化而欢呼一样。

许多欧洲国家的社会都已高度多样化。但是所有的欧洲社会以及世界各地许多其他社会，将在未来几十年里变得更加多样化。这是人员跨国流动的必然结果。这种人员的流动不会停止。作为国际社会，我们需要比现在更好地管理人员的跨界流动，这不仅是为了流动人员本身，也是为了他们离开的国家、他们途经的国家以及他们迁往的国家。

今天人们迁徙的理由仍同以前数以千万计的欧洲人离开欧洲的理由一样——逃离战争或压迫，或在新的土地上寻求更美好的生活。帮助被迫背井离乡的人们——帮助那些因生命受到威胁而外逃的难民——是我们在法律和道义方面需要共同承担的责任。我们已经订立了旨在保护他们的法律框架，这就是1951年《难民公约》。

但是，如果难民在离岸后遇到障碍而无法寻求庇护，或在恶劣的条件下被关押过久，或因对《公约》作限制性解释而被拒绝入境，庇护体系就会被破坏，《公约》的允诺也会遭到背弃。你们的庇护体系需要足够的资源来公正、训诫、公开地处理难民的申请，从而使他们得到保护，使问题得到解决。欧洲各国应当努力寻求共同处理问题并分担责任的机制。

欧盟还必须同其他各方一道，帮助穷国加强他们保护难民和解决难民问题的能力。毕竟，10位难民中会有7位到发展中国家去寻求庇护，而发展中国家的资源更加紧张，人权标准更加参差不齐。假如我们无视这个现实，我们在处理难民问题的方法上就存在着欠缺。吉尔·勒舍尔教授就曾正确地指出过这一点，他在巴格达爆炸中幸免于难。今天也来到了我们的会场。

不要曲解我的意思，我不敢说移民没有问题。移民给他们前往的国家带去了不同的文化和风俗、不同的语言和宗教。这是丰富、充实地区文化的源泉，但也会造成不安定，甚至是隔阂和疏远。如何使移民融入当地社会是实实在在的挑战。

几乎每一个大的新移民群体在其建立初期都会受到一定程度的排斥。今天，一些迁徙者的经历让人想起了胡格诺派教徒在英格兰，德国人、意大利人和爱尔兰人在美国，以及中国人在澳大利亚曾面对的敌视态度，但从长远来看是积极的。

——节选自前联合国秘书长安南在欧洲议会接受安德烈·萨哈罗夫思想自由奖时的讲话，2004年1月29日，布鲁塞尔

新编实用英语口译教程

(二)汉译英/C-E 第一篇/Passage 1

4-3 Speech of President Liu Xiliang at the Opening Ceremony of the 18th FIT World Congress The 17th FIT World Congress, held in Tampere, Finland, voted for Shanghai, China, as the venue for the 18th FIT World Congress in 2008, with Translators Association of China(TAC)as its host.This is the first time in its history that FIT decides to host a congress in Asia.Accepting the FIT flag from our Finnish colleagues, we felt both a great honor and a heavy responsibility.TAC began preparations for the event immediately after the Tampere Congress.Under the leadership of the local organizing committee of the Congress, we have put all our efforts into promoting the Congress at home and abroad, assessing the 1,500-plus abstracts submitted, arranging financing for the Congress and making logistical arrangements.Now, we are happy to welcome the more than 1,500 participants from over 70 countries and regions to the Congress.The ancient Chinese thinker and philosopher Confucius said, ―How happy we are to meet friends from afar.‖ We sincerely hope that this Congress will facilitate communication and exchanges among our translator and interpreter colleagues worldwide, and increase our friendship.Such friendship was felt during the preparation for this Congress.After the devastating earthquake in China‘s Sichuan Province on May 12, we received letters of condolences from the FIT and our colleagues from Finland, Norway, Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates, Japan, Canada, Nigeria, Albania and more.We appreciate your kind concerns very much.Since TAC joined FIT in 1987, it has actively participated in international translation activities, and a number of its representatives have been elected Council Members of FIT.In 1995 TAC hosted the first FIT Asian Translators Forum.So far, the forum has been held five times in different countries and regions in Asia, and has become one of the most important regional activities in the translation field.In preparation for the Congress over the past three years, TAC has made wide contacts with translation organizations and institutions around the world, and increased its communication and coordination with them.We have the strong feeling that, as a bridge connecting different cultures, we translators and interpreters should first of all increase communications and exchanges among ourselves.We all know that a great deal needs to be done to enhance the status of translators and to uphold their intellectual and material interests.Under the guidance of FIT, we will work closely with other translation organizations and language workers to promote the recognition of translation as a profession, and further public appreciation of the value of translation.第四章

礼仪讲话口译

Many domestic and international organizations, including the United Nations and UNESCO, have paid great attention to the Congress in the preparation process.The Chinese government and Shanghai Municipality have supported the event, and many enterprises, institutions and individuals, including the Beijing Yuanpei Century Translation Co.Ltd and the Shanghai Oriental Translation Center, have generously sponsored the Congress.I wish to express our sincere gratitude for their support.I would also like to thank, on behalf of the Translators Association of China, all Congress participants for coming to the event.I sincerely believe that this four-day gathering of the international translation community will be crowned with success.Liu Xiliang

President of Translators Association of China

August 2008 第二篇/Passage 2

4-4 Work Together to Build a Common Future Speech by Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi at the Royal Institute of International Affairs London, December 5, 2007(excerpted)Dr.Niblett, Ladies and gentlemen, Let me begin my thanking Dr.Niblett for his kind words.Chatham House is a prestigious institute well-known for its rigorous scholarship and inclusiveness.You have here many eminent scholars and research fellows, whose keen insight in international affairs is most impressive.I am delighted to have the opportunity to come here and exchange views with you.This is my first official visit to the United Kingdom and to Europe as China‘s Foreign Minister.But the UK and Europe are not new to me.I first came to the UK as a student more than 30 years ago.Time flies.Looking back at these 30 odd years, we cannot but marvel at the profound changes that have taken place in the world, China and Europe included.Relations between China and Europe have also come a long way.China‘s achievements in reform and opening-up, in particular, have attracted global attention.I have friends overseas who have asked me time and again: Given China‘s fast growth, what direction will you follow in foreign policy? What does China‘s development mean for the rest of the world? Today, I want to focus on the main themes of China‘s foreign policy and the implications of China‘s development for its relations with Europe.Ladies and gentlemen!The world today is undergoing major changes and readjustments.With deepening economic globalization and regional integration, countries are becoming increasingly interdependent and 66 新编实用英语口译教程

their interests are more closely intertwined.To pursue peace, development and cooperation constitute an irresistible trend of the times.However, the world is far from tranquil.Local conflicts and hotspot issues flare up one after another.Global economic imbalance is aggravating.North-South gap is widening.And non-traditional security threats have emerged on top of traditional security threats.How can we effectively confront challenges under the new international situation and better safeguard world peace and promote common development? This is a serious question that all of us have to address.As you may know, the Communist Party of China held its 17th National Congress not long ago.This was an important meeting held at a time when China‘s reform and development have entered a crucial phase.In terms of foreign affairs, the meeting made a review of China‘s diplomacy for the past five years and set out future foreign policy objectives in light of the new international situation.There are three main messages coming out of the congress, namely, peaceful development, win-win opening-up, and building a harmonious world.I will address each of these.First, China will unswervingly pursue the path of peaceful development.This is our strategic choice and its essence is that we seek to develop ourselves in a peaceful international environment and contribute to the cause of world peace through our own development.It is a choice consistent with the peace-loving tradition of the Chinese nation and the need for building socialism with distinctive Chinese features.As an integral part of China‘s independent foreign policy of peace, it not only serves the fundamental interests of the Chinese people but also conforms to the trend of human progress.Some people have some misgivings about the development of China.Their argument is that the rise of major powers in the past has never been peaceful.These misgivings, in my view, are unfounded.In an era of globalization and interdependence, China cannot develop itself in isolation from the world and the development of the world cannot be realized without China.Countries can only achieve sustained development in an environment of enduring peace and fully share the benefit of peace through common development.China‘s peaceful development is conductive to the fundamental interests of the Chinese people as well as the common interests of people of other countries, and China‘s foreign policy objectives are consistent with the call for progress of people of the whole world.We stand for cooperation as the way to resolve disputes and achieve peace and development.In short, we are committed to peaceful, open and harmonious development.Second, China will unswervingly follow a win-win strategy of opening-up.Reform and opening-up have transformed China from a closed or semi-closed society to one that fully embraces the world.A multi-faceted and multi-tiered opening-up pattern has taken shape in China.Our interaction with other countries in the political, economic, cultural, security and other fields have never been as extensive and close as they are today.第四章

礼仪讲话口译

To achieve development in China, a big developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, we have to rely mainly on our own effort.But we also have to get actively involved in international economic and trade cooperation and learn from the experience of other countries.Reform and opening-up have not only benefited the Chinese people, but also contributed significantly to world economic growth and the cause of progress of mankind.China is now a major engine driving the economic growth of Asia and beyond.In the past three decades, China‘s imports have been growing by an average rate of 15 percent, making China the third largest importer in the world and biggest one in Asia.China‘s exports have also brought benefits to consumers around the world.The size of China‘s market and overseas investment will get bigger as the country continues to develop, enabling China to make even greater contribution to stability and prosperity of the world economy.China‘s opening-up is comprehensive and mutually beneficial.China does not pursue opening-up at the expense of the interests of other countries.Instead, our opening-up is based on mutual benefit, mutual complementarity and mutual assistance.While seeking its own development, China will make efforts to accommodate the legitimate concerns of other countries.We will properly manage economic and trade frictions with other countries, increase market access, optimize foreign trade structure and ease trade imbalances in accordance with international trade rules.We will be more actively engaged in economic globalization and international economic and technological cooperation and competition.Third, China will remain firmly committed to building a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.The concept of building a harmonious world is deeply rooted in China‘s cultural tradition.It gives full expression to our desire for peace, our commitment to be a responsible member of the international community, and our willingness to work with other countries to achieve peace and prosperity.It also serves our cause of peaceful development.China observes the following principles in developing relations with other countries: Politically, all countries should respect each other, settle differences through consultations on an equal footing and live together in amity.The right of all countries to choose their own social system and development path should be respected.All countries have the right to equal participation in international affairs and should work together to promote democracy in international relations.Economically, we should cooperate with each other, draw on each other‘s strengths and make joint efforts to ensure balanced progress of economic globalization so that it can benefit all.Culturally, we should learn from each other, expand common ground while shelving differences, respect diversity, and advance the progress of human civilization through a common endeavor.In the area of security, we should build mutual trust, strengthen cooperation, settle international disputes by peaceful means, and work together to safeguard world peace and stability.On environmental issues, we should help and cooperate with each other and take good care of the Earth, the only home of mankind.68 新编实用英语口译教程

A harmonious world is a long-term goal that requires persistent and painstaking efforts.It will be a process in which countries work together to meet challenges, build consensus and expand common interests.It will also be a process in which different civilizations and cultures interact with one another, draw upon one another‘s strengths and achieve common development and prosperity.Ladies and gentlemen, Mankind faces both opportunities and challenges for development in the new century.And I believe there are more opportunities than challenges.There exist broad common interests between China and Europe and between China and the UK.The common challenges we face and the common responsibilities we carry require us to work together to meet the challenges, promote peace, and pursue development.I wish to conclude my remarks with two quotations.From China, it‘s an old saying: Things that accord in tone vibrate together.Things that have affinity in their inmost natures seek one another.From Britain, it‘s a famous line from the great poet Samuel Johnson: To improve the golden moment of opportunity, and catch the good that is within our reach, is the great art of life.Let us, China, the UK, and Europe in general, join hands and work together for an even brighter future of our relations and an even better world.Thank you.第五章

商 务 口 译

Business and Trade

一、热身阅读材料/Warming-up Reading Material 第一篇/Passage 1 1.Amway Products—Value for Money New customers are occasionally surprised at the price of AMWAY products.Some people expect products offered by direct sale to be low-priced, inferior copies of the goods they can buy in stores.Amway has never built its business on that concept.From its beginning in the late 1950s, Amway‘s focus has been on quality products that deliver exceptional performance at competitive prices.This commitment to quality is reflected in the intensive research and development that goes into AMWAY products.What other company can boast:

·A development and manufacturing facility more than a mile(1.6 km)long ·Organic farms in two hemispheres ·Research partnerships with leading international universities ·Facilities to replicate the water quality in countries around the world ·A list of parents related to products for everything from water treatment to hair repair Despite this huge investment in product development, AMWAY products, in general, are price-competitive and good value for the money.Research shows that some products are less expensive than their counterparts, others are more expensive, and most are competitively priced.Products that are more expensive usually have greater features and benefits over competitive products.Many products, such as L.O.C.TM Multi-Purpose Cleaner, are highly concentrated, meaning a single purchase lasts longer.On a cost-per-use basis, these products are priced very competitively.Product is delivered directly to the consumer and backed by a Satisfaction Guarantee.2.New Digital Talking Book A model for a new digital talking book that could take the place of the cassette-based players in use today was made known to the public October 21 by the library of National Library Service for the Blind.The book-like model is called a Dook(digital book)by its designer Lachezar Tsvetanov, a 23-year-old student of industrial design at the University of Bridgeport, Connecticut.70 新编实用英语口译教程

Tsvetanov, who won $5,000 for the design in an Industrial Designers competition in June, said he wanted the player to resemble a book because ― a high percentage of talking-book readers are older.And young people who use the Dook will feel they don‘t stand out in a crowd because it looks like a book‖.The Dook has no moving parts and reads a book using a digital card.It resembles an open book with two thick pages divided by a metal string;buttons along the edge allow for page-turning, bookmarks, and searching.Its sound system will benefit older readers who cannot read Braille.课文词语/Words and Expressions from the Text Amway product

安利产品 organic farm

有机农场 water treatment

水处理 Satisfaction Guarantee

顾客服务保证 Braille

布莱叶盲文，点字法

第二篇/Passage 2 Foreign-Capital Enterprises I‘d like to take this opportunity to introduce China‘s laws and regulations concerning foreign-capital enterprises.To expand economic cooperation and technological exchanges with foreign countries and promote the development of China‘s national economy, the People‘s Republic of China permits foreign enterprises, other foreign economic organizations and individuals to set up enterprises with foreign capital in China and protects the legitimate rights and interests of such enterprises.Foreign-capital enterprises shall be established in such a manner as to help the development of China‘s national economy.The State shall encourage the establishment of export-oriented and technologically advanced foreign-capital enterprises.The investments of foreign investors in China, the profits they earn and their other lawful rights and interests are protected by Chinese laws.The application to establish a foreign-capital enterprise shall be submitted for examination and approval to the department under the State Council which is in charge of foreign economic relations and trade, or to another agency authorized by the State Council.After an application for the establishment of a foreign-capital enterprise has been approved, the foreign investor shall, within 30 days from the date of receiving a certificate of approval, apply to the industry and commerce administrative authorities for registration and obtain a business license.A foreign-capital enterprise that meets the requirements for being a legal entity under Chinese law shall acquire the status of a Chinese legal entity, in accordance with the law.第五章

商务口译

A foreign-capital enterprise shall make investments in China within the period approved by the authorities in charge of examination and approval.If it fails to do so, the industry and commerce administrative authorities may cancel its business license.In the event of separation, merger or other major changes, a foreign-capital enterprise shall report to and seek approval from the authorities in charge of examination and approval, and register the change with industry and commerce administrative authorities.When employing Chinese workers and staff, a foreign-capital enterprise shall sign contracts with them according to law, which shall clearly prescribe matters concerning employment, dismissal, remuneration, welfare benefits, labor protection and labor insurance, etc.Workers and staff of foreign-capital enterprises may organize trade unions in accordance with the law to conduct trade union activities and protect their lawful rights and interests.Foreign-capital enterprises shall provide necessary conditions for the activities of the trade unions in their respective enterprises.A foreign-capital enterprise must set up account books in China, conduct independent accounting, submit the accounting statements as required and accept supervision by the financial and tax authorities.Foreign-capital enterprises shall pay taxes in accordance with relevant state provision, and may enjoy preferential treatment for tax reduction or exemption.An enterprise that reinvests its profits in China after paying income tax may, in accordance with relevant state provisions, apply for a refund of the portion of the income tax already paid on the reinvested amount.The foreign investor may remit abroad profits that are lawfully earned from a foreign-capital enterprise, as well as other lawful earnings and any funds remaining after the enterprise is liquidated.Foreign employees in a foreign-capital enterprise may remit abroad their wages, salaries and other legitimate income after the payment of individual income tax in accordance with the law.When terminating its operation, a foreign-capital enterprise shall promptly issue a public notice and proceed with liquidation in accordance with legal procedures.At the termination, the foreign-capital enterprise shall nullify its registration with the industry and commerce administrative authorities and hand in its business license for cancellation.Thank you for your attention.课文词语/Words and Expressions from the Text foreign-capital enterprise

外资企业

laws and regulations

法律法规 legitimate rights and interests

合法权益 State Council

国务院

legal entity

法人

新编实用英语口译教程

industry and commerce administrative authorities

工商行政管理机关 remuneration

酬劳；赔偿 cancel business license

吊销营业执照 set up account books

设置会计账簿

submit the accounting statements

报送会计报表 financial and tax authorities

财政税务机关 preferential treatment for tax reduction or exemption 减免税优惠待遇 pay income tax

缴纳所得税 apply for a refund

申请退税 remit abroad profits

把利润汇寄国外 liquidate

清理，清算(破产企业)terminate the operation

终止经营 nullify the registration

取消注册

二、口译实践/Interpretation Practice 听译下列课文/Listen to the Following Passages and Interpret Them.第一篇/Passage 1

相关词语/Related Words and Expressions cardboard

硬纸板 wrapper

包装纸 fix up

确定 discount

折扣 cosmetics

化妆品 ink-transfer printing machine

5-1.Ordering Wrappers H: Hello, can I speak to Mr.Lewis, please? L: Yes, speaking.H: This is Barbara Hopkins from Cornelle.We did some business with you a while back.Perhaps you know about us.We produce frozen cakes and I‘m responsible for marketing.L: Oh, yes.How can we help you? H: Well, I‘d like some information about prices.L: I see.I‘ll just write down the details.What exactly are you interested in?

油墨转色彩打印机

[The marketing manager of a food company phones a printing company.] 第五章

商务口译

H: You used to supply us with cardboard display wrappers, standard size.Could you let me have a firm quote for 250,000 of those? L: Okay.H: We‘d also like quote for 1000 four-colour 2m×1m posters and 500 1.5m×4m display stands, also in four-colour.L: Mm, good.H: Would it be possible to send details by the end of the week in writing? We‘ve had problems with our usual supplier and we want to get fixed up as soon as possible.L: That shouldn‘t be a problem.I‘ll get some samples and price lists in the post.H: Fine.And could I also have quotes for the same quantity of wrappers if we order again in six months and then again in 12 months? I assume you will be able to give me a good discount on this size of order? L: Yes, I should think we‘ll be able to organize something.You‘re based in London, aren‘t you? H: Yes.L: Well, I‘ve got to be in London on Monday.Would you like me to call in and we could discuss any design features…

5-2.Ordering a Printing Machine(A member of the Production Department of Elite rings the Sales Department of IMM.)Jim: Jim Reeves speaking.Mary: My name is Mary Rogers from Elite.I don‘t know if you‘ve heard of us.Jim: Yes, I think so.You produce cosmetics, don‘t you? Mary: That‘s right.Jim: How can we help you? Mary: We‘re looking for a replacement for one of our ink-transfer printing machines.We‘ve just introduced a new range of fragrances and our present machine doesn‘t seem to be coping with the design changes.Jim: Which of our machines were you thinking of? Mary: Well, I‘m not quite sure which one will suit our specific requirements best.Jim: Ah.You said the machine you‘ve got wasn‘t coping with design changes.Mary: Yes, we‘ve got problems printing on the bottle caps.The new ones are triangular shaped, but we also produce other geometric shapes, so we need a machine which will give us more flexibility and allow us to print on just about any shape.Jim: I see.And what are the caps made of? Mary: They‘re normally plastic and sometimes glass for the more expensive range.So obviously any machine must be capable of printing on fragile materials.74 新编实用英语口译教程

Jim: Ah, and what kind of speed does your present model have? Mary: Speed isn‘t really a factor.The one we‘ve got produces 1000 impressions a minute, which is really quite adequate for our needs, but what we do need is an easy set-up procedure, so that we can handle short runs of our different product lines.Jim: Right.Any other special requirements? Mary: Ah, yes.There is one other thing.For some of our lines, we need multi-coulour printing.So we‘ve really got to have a facility for both single and multi-colour printing.Jim: Yes, I think we‘ve got just what you‘re looking for.Our model 50 LK is the smallest machine in our printing range, but it seems to fit all your requirements.Would you like me to send you a brochure? Mary: Yes, could you get it in the post for me today? Jim: Yes, no problem.第二篇/Passage 2

相关词语/Related Words and Expressions 就„„作简单介绍

旱冰鞋

有好的销路

交货保证

在利润空间很小的情况下做生意

双方做出让步

give a briefing on roller-skates catch the market a guarantee of delivery operate on small margins meet each other half way 在„„方面卡壳

get stuck over

价 格 谈 判

(中国出口商黄女士(H)正在跟一外国参展商渡边(W)先生谈判，经过一番简单介绍他们最近研发的ET牌塑胶旱冰鞋，他们开始了价格的谈判。)H:

好吧，让我们开始切入正题。渡边先生，我向您介绍一下我们最近推出的ET牌塑胶旱冰鞋在玩具制造方面的新概念吧。您的面前是该产品的样品以及目录。它们是冰鞋技术方面的新突破，使用既耐用又轻便的塑胶原料制成，受到儿童及其父母的喜爱，我相信它们会有很好的销路。

W: 这些旱冰鞋看着挺不错，但是价格太高了。

H: 渡边先生，请问你对我们哪个系列的产品尤其感兴趣呢？

W: 我对之前提过的那个系列感兴趣，但是我想听听您关于它们的价格以及折扣。H: 旱冰鞋标签上的价格是50美元一双，我们报45美元。您认为如何？ W: 那离我想要的价格太远了。H: 43美元如何？

第五章

商务口译

W: 我还价30美元一双。

H: 那太少了。我让步到40美元一双。

W: 好吧，您已经做出让步，那我也让一点，我提高到35美元。我不会再加了。这样可以接受吗？

H: 好的。我同意。

W: 我们谈谈折扣的问题吧。

H: 我当然很乐意谈折扣的问题。但是你们想订多少呢？ W: 挺多的。你们给1000双的订单折扣是多少？ H: 那个数量的话，渡边先生，我们打9折。W: 9折！

H: 请让我说完。除了打9折，我们还保证两个月内发货。

W: 肯定要两个月内发货，否则我们也不会感兴趣。我们圣诞节之前就要收到。我要重申一点，我希望比你说的再低的折扣。

H: 如果您承诺订2000双的话，我们可以给更低点的折扣。W: 有多低呢？

H: 如果是2000双的话，我们可以打8折。

W: 9折，8折。我都厌烦了。您在闹着玩呢。我们要更低的折扣。我会订很多，我们的利润空间很小。

H: 如果要更低的折扣，您订的数量要足够大才行。

W: 我们在转圈子呢。难道2000双数量还不够大吗？除非您愿意做出让步，否则我们谈不出什么结果。

H: 渡边先生，不要让我们都卡在价格上好吗？我们双方都做出让步：你订2500双，我们打7.5折。这样行了吧？

W: 这还差不多。H: 那好。

参考译文/Reference Version 第一篇/Passage 1 1.订购包装材料

(食品公司的营销经理给印刷公司打电话。)霍普金斯：你好，我想找一下刘易斯先生。刘易斯：我就是。

霍普金斯：我是科内尔食品公司的芭芭拉·霍普金斯。我们不久以前有过业务来往，你可能知道我们公司生产冷冻蛋糕，我负责采购。

刘易斯：哦，我知道，您有什么事吗？

新编实用英语口译教程

霍普金斯：我想了解一下贵公司的产品价格。

刘易斯：好吧，我来记一下，你具体对什么产品感兴趣？

霍普金斯：我们曾经从您那里购买过标准尺寸的硬纸板展品包装纸。这次我们要买25万张这种包装纸，要固定报价。

刘易斯：欢迎订购。

霍普金斯：我们还打算订购1000张2×1米的4色招贴纸和500个1.5×4米的展品架，也要4色的。

刘易斯：好。

霍普金斯：您能不能在本周内以书面形式把详细信息发给我们，因为我们跟以前的供应商出现过一些问题，所以我们想尽快把事情定下来。

刘易斯：这没有问题。我会把样品和价格表给您寄过去。

霍普金斯：很好。另外，我们公司可以在6个月内和下一个12个月内再买两批同样数量的包装纸的，我想贵公司对于这样的大批量的订货能给予一些优惠折扣吧？

刘易斯：是的，我会安排好的。您的公司在伦敦吧？ 霍普金斯：对。

刘易斯：我下星期一去伦敦，我可以去拜访您吗？我们可以面谈一下设计样式的事。2.订购彩色印机

(爱丽特公司生产部的员工致电IMM公司销售部。)吉米：我是吉米·里夫斯，请讲。

玛丽：我是爱丽特公司的玛丽·罗吉斯。不知道您是否听说过我们公司？ 吉米：听说过，你们生产化妆品，对吗？ 玛丽：对。

吉米：愿为您提供服务。

玛丽：我们想替换我们现在使用的油墨转色彩印机。因为我们近来生产了一个新系列的香水，但是，我们现有的机器不能适应设计上的变化。

吉米：你们具体想要什么样的机器？

玛丽：我也不太清楚哪种机器能满足我们的特殊需要。吉米：您刚才说你们现有的机器不能适应设计变化？

玛丽：是的，我们在彩印化妆品瓶盖方面出了问题，新产品的瓶盖为三角形及其他形状，因此我们需要一种灵活的、能在任何形状的瓶盖上彩印的机器。

吉米：我明白了，瓶盖是什么材料做的？

玛丽：通常是塑料的，有些高档产品也使用玻璃。因此，我们所需的机器应该能在易碎材料上彩印。

吉米：你们现有的机器彩印速度怎么样？

玛丽：印速不是问题。我们现有机器的印速是每分钟1000个印次，这足够了。但是我们要求机器装卸简易、方便，因为我们会短期用于其他形状产品的印制。

第五章

商务口译

吉米：好吧，还有其他什么特殊要求吗？

玛丽：还有一个要求。我们有些产品需要多色彩印，因此，彩印机要具备单色和多色彩印功能才行。

吉米：我们公司正好有这种机器。50LK型机是最小型的机器，而且能满足贵公司的一切要求。要不要给您把说明书寄去？

玛丽：当然好啊，能在今天就寄来吗？ 吉米：没问题。

第二篇/Passage 2 Engaged in a Discussion on Prices [Ms.Huang(H), a Chinese exporter, begins the negotiation session by giving Mr.Wantanabe(W), a foreign exhibitor, a briefing on their newly developed products — the ET brand plastic roller-skates.Then she and Mr.Wantanabe are engaged in a discussion on prices.] H: OK, let‘s get down to business.To begin with, Mr.Wantanabe, let me introduce to you a completely new concept in toy manufacture — our recently launched ET brand plastic roller-skates.You have the samples and catalogues in front you.They are breakthrough in roller-skates technology — with a new kind of plastic which is strong and light, and they will appeal to both the children and their parents.I am confident that they can catch the market anywhere.W: These roller-skates do look nice, but their prices are much too high.H: Which of our product lines are you particularly interested in, Mr.Wantanabe? W: I could be interested in the ones I‘ve highlighted.But I‘d like to hear what you have to say about prices and discounts.H: The tag price of these roller-skates is $50.00 a pair, but I‘ll make it $45.00 for you.What do you think? W: That‘s much more than I was prepared to pay.H: How about $43.00? W: I offer $30.00 a pair.H: That‘s too little.Well, I will come down to $40.00.W: All right.To meet you half way I go up to $35.00, but not a penny more.Is that acceptable? H: OK, it‘s agreed.W: That leads us to the question of discounts.H: I‘m certainly happy to talk about discounts.But can you indicate to me the quantity you‘d like to order? W: Fair enough.What discount would you offer on an order of say one thousand pairs? 78 新编实用英语口译教程

H: For an order of that size, Mr.Wantanabe, I can give you a discount of 10%.W: Ten percent!H: Just let me finish.Yes, 10%, but with a guarantee of delivery within two months.W: Delivery must be within two months, or I am not interested.I want the goods to arrive well before the Christmas season begins.Let‘s be clear about one thing.I hope you realize I must have a larger discount than what you‘ve offered.H: Well, if you commit to by 2,000 pairs then I could consider a larger discount.W: How much larger? H: If you order 2,000 pairs I can offer you a 20% discount.W: Ten percent, twenty percent.I‘m getting tired of this.You are playing games.I‘m looking for a much larger discount.I‘m ordering in large quantities and I operate on small margins, you see? H: If you want a big discount then you must make the order a large one.W: We are going in circles.Isn‘t an order of 2,000 pairs large enough? Unless you make a concession we‘re getting nowhere.H: Mr.Wantanabe, don‘t let us get stuck over the question of price.We can meet each other halfway: You increase your order to 2,500 pairs and I increase the discount to 25%.Is that agreeable? W: Well, I suppose so.H: Good.第六章

旅游观光口译

Tour and Sightseeing

一、热身阅读材料/Warming-up Reading Material 第一篇/Passage 1 The Statue of Liberty standing at the entrance to New York Harbor is a gift given by the people of France to the people of the United States over one hundred years ago in recognition of the friendship of the two nations established during the American Revolution.Over the years, the Statue of Liberty has become a representative of freedom and democracy of people everywhere.To commemorate the centennial of the American Declaration of Independence, sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi was commissioned by the French government to design a sculpture in 1876.The Statue was a joint effort between America and France and it was agreed upon that the American people were to build the pedestal, and the French people were responsible for the Statue and its assembly here in the United States.However, lack of funds was a problem on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.In France, public fees, various forms of entertainment, and a lottery were among the methods used to raise funds.In the United States, benefit theatrical events, art exhibitions, auctions and prizefights assisted in providing needed funds.However, fund raising for the pedestal was going particularly slowly, so Joseph Pulitzer(noted for the Pulitzer Prize)opened up the editorial pages of his newspaper, The World, to support the fund raising effort.Pulitzer used his newspaper to criticize both the rich who had failed to finance the pedestal construction and the middle class who were content to rely upon the wealthy to provide the funds.Pulitzer‘s campaign of harsh criticism was successful in motivating the people of America to donate.Financing for the pedestal was completed in August 1885, and pedestal construction was finished in April of 1886.The Statue was completed in France in July 1884.In transit, the Statue was reduced to 350 individual pieces and packed in 214 crates.The Statue arrived in New York Harbor in June of 1885 and was reassembled on her new pedestal in four months time.The pedestal was designed by architect Richard Morris Hunt and built on Bedloe‘s Island.The Statue‘s framework was engineered by Gustave Eiffel who later designed the famous tower in Paris, which bears his name.On October 28, 1886, in front of thousands of spectators, President Grover Cleveland dedicated the Statue of Liberty, which was officially titled Liberty Enlightening the World.Since then millions have made pilgrimage to visit her.She was a centennial gift ten years late.80 新编实用英语口译教程

Over the years, Americans shortened the name of the statue.They called it the Statue of Liberty, or Miss Liberty.The care and the administration of the statue changed several times.In 1956, the name of Bedloe‘s Island was changed to Liberty Island and became part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument.The statue wears a loose robe.Her right hand holds a torch — a golden light.Her left hand holds a tablet which shows the date of the American Declaration of Independence — July 4th, 1776.The statue wears a crown on her head.The crown has 7 points, each of these rays representing the light of freedom.A chain representing oppression lies broken at her feet.The height from base to torch is 151 feet.The height from the foundation of the pedestal to the torch is 305 feet.She weighs 225 tons(100 tons of copper and 125 tons structural steel).Visitors may climb into her head for a spectacular view of New York Harbor.At night the statue is floodlighted, and the lights that shine from her torch can be seen for miles.By the 1980, the statue badly needed repairs.Again people on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean cooperated to raise money.In May of 1982, President Ronald Reagan appointed Lee Iacocca to head up a private sector effort to restore the Statue of Liberty.Fund raising began for the $87 million restoration under a public/private partnership between the National Park Service and the Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc..In 1984, at the start of the Statue‘s restoration, the United Nations designated the Statue of Liberty as a World Heritage Site.On July 5, 1986 the newly restored Statue re-opened to the public during Liberty Weekend, which celebrated her centennial.Today thousands of people still visit the statue every day.They reach the statue by boat.Many people climb the 354 steps to the crown.Or they ride up to observation areas in an elevator.Or they study the story of the statue in a museum in the monument.课文词语/Words and Expressions from the Text centennial

百年纪念

be commissioned(to)

受委托做某事

pedestal

(纪念碑)底座 auction

拍卖 prizefight

悬赏拳击 secondary skeletal framework

辅助框架 editorial pages

(报纸)社论版 centennial gift

百年庆典的礼物 National Park Service

国家公园管理处

World Heritage Site

世界遗产 restoration

修复

第六章

旅游观光口译

第二篇/Passage 2 Sightseeing in Beijing A Modern Look for an Ancient City

Beijing, the Capital of the People‘s Republic of China, has a history of thousands of years and previously served as the capital of the Jin(1115—1234), Yuan(1271—1368), Ming(1368—1644), and Qing(1644—1911)dynasties.Beijing has many ancient architectural complexes such as the 600-year-old Imperial Palace;the Summer Palace, which is China‘s largest imperial garden;famous institutions of higher learning such as Beijing and Qinghua Universities;and National Library of China, China‘s largest library, with a collection of paintings, calligraphy, classical books, periodicals and materials going back through the ages.Beijing today covers an area of 16,808 square kilometers, 23 times that of 50 years ago.Roads have been widened and high buildings have been built in the city.Beijing has become an international metropolis with a population of 13.82 million.The central north-south axis of Beijing was determined according to the principles of traditional architecture 700 years ago, when the city, then known as Dadu(the Great Capital)was built by Kublai Khan, the founding emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.In the 16th century, many structures were built along the 7.8-kilometer central axis, including Yongdingmen Gate, the Forbidden City, and the Drum and Bell Towers.Ten years ago, the International Olympic Sports Center and Asian Games Village were built on the northern section of the axis, which by that time had been extended to 13 kilometers.In the 1970s, Beijing‘s first Underground Railroad line was completed.When the Fuxinmen Overpass was built, Beijingers had their first look at a clover-leaf overpass.Since then, 124 overpasses have been built in Beijing, and the overpasses at Sanyuan, Siyuan, and Tianningsi compete for magnificence.The second and third ring roads have been turned into high-speed highways, and the Beijing-Shijiazhuang, Beijing-Tongzhou, Capital Airport, and Badaling Expressways have now opened to traffic.The total length of highways and expressways in Beijing has reached 3,800 kilometers.Twenty years ago, Beijing built 4.11 million square meters of housing a year, but housing was still a problem for many.Some people lived in compounds occupied by many families or in simple dwellings.Since the implementation of the reform and opening policies, great changes have taken place with each passing day.In 1981, construction began on the Great Wall Sheraton Hotel, designed by Beckert International, an American company, and during the following decade, a series of hotels, covering a total of five million square meters of ground space was completed by introducing 82 新编实用英语口译教程

foreign funds and encouraging organizations and individuals to develop the service industry in Beijing.In addition to the major downtown business centers such as Wangfujing, Xidan, and Qianmen, there are 80 modern shopping centers, each having a commercial floor space of 10,000 square meters.Over the past 20 years, the municipal government of Beijing has invested 100 billion yuan in water, power, central heating, roads, and telecommunications.Beijing now has 14 satellite towns and 371 residential areas.The annual completion of housing area exceeds 15 million square meters, and the average living space per person has increased from six square meters 20 years ago to 14.85 square meters.Although Beijing has been modernized, it still retains its historical and cultural aspects.The unique features of 25 protected historical and cultural areas in Beijing have long attracted tourists from home and abroad.In and around Beijing there are 30 rivers and 26 lakes that not only supply water for the city but also serve as scenic spots.In order to protect and recreate the look of the ancient capital, a large sewage-treatment project is now under way, using an investment of 1 billion yuan, on the city‘s major rives and lakes, including the city‘s Moat, Changhe and Tongzi River, and Yuyuantan and Beihai Lakes.Some 62 percent of the Beijing area is hilly.Twenty years ago, Beijing suffered from dust pollution, but great changes have taken place since the forestation project started in and around Beijing and Tianjin in 1986.At the end of 1998, 39 percent of the urban area of Beijing was covered with trees and flowers.The green space in Beijing now averages 8.18 square meters per person, and the dust has decreased from 21 tons per square kilometer per month to 16.5 tons per square kilometer in the center of the city.The Miyun Reservoir, one of the major water supplies of Beijing, has 60.4 percent forest coverage.Some Major Places of Interest in Beijing The Great Wall

Known as the fourth wonder of the world, the Great Wall runs from Shanhaiguan Pass on the shores of Bohai Bay at the east end to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province at the west end.It rises and falls, twists and turns along the ridges of mountain chains in northern China, stretching for 12,000 li(6000km)across seven provinces.Therefore, it is known in China as the ―Ten-Thousand-Li Great Wall‖.The construction of the Wall began during the Warring States Period in the 5th century B.C.At that time, some ducal states in north China began to build defense walls in their own land in order to ward off the nomadic tribes further north.In the 3rd century B.C.when Emperor Qin Shihuang conquered all the other states and became the first emperor of a unified China, he had these walls linked up and extended.Reinforcement and renovations were carried out during 第六章

旅游观光口译

successive dynasties.In the Ming times(14th—17th century)the Wall underwent major repairs and became what it is today.The section best preserved and most often visited is the Great Wall at Badaling.Built solidly with regular lath stone and large-sized bricks, the Wall at Badaling is 8.5 meters high and 5.7 meters broad.Five horses or ten people can walk along it abreast.There are ramparts, embrasures, peepholes and apertures for shooting.Two-storied watchtowers were built in at 100-meter intervals.The top-story watchtowers were designed for observing enemy movements.It is estimated that some 180 million cubic meters of tamped earth and 60 million cubic meters of stone and bricks must have been used to build the Great Wall.So it was an immense engineering project to obtain, transport the building material and construct the Great Wall.Today, as the most important historical monument in China and one of the world‘s famous architectural wonders, the Great Wall attracts large number of tourists from home and abroad each year.Tian‘anmen Square Tian‘anmen Square is located right in front of the Imperial Palace in the center of Beijing.It is one of the largest squares in the world and its 440,000-square-meter area can accommodate half a million people at one time.To the north of the square is the magnificent Tian‘anmen Gate-tower.At the south is Qianmen or ―Front Gate‖.Both these gate-towers date back to the 17th century and typify classical Chinese Architecture.Now the square is flanked by massive modern buildings, the Great Hall of the People on the west, and the Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of Chinese Revolution on the east.At the center of the square stands the Monument to the People‘s Heroes.To the south of the Monument lies Chairman Mao Memorial Hall.The bright Five-star red flag flies high on the square.On the white marble base with fine bas-reliefs and 10-meter high red walls stands the splendid double-eaves and yellow-glaze-tiled Tian‘anmen Gate-tower.The gate used to be the outer entrance to the Imperial Palace.It has five archways with the central one used exclusively by the emperor.A moat named Golden Water River flows along the foot of the Gate-tower and spanned by five carved marble bridges, one for each archway.Each of the bridge is guarded by two stone lions and two towering stone pillars carved with cloud and dragon motifs.All these match perfectly and form a single unit of masterpiece of art signifying power and beauty.During the Ming(1368—1644)and Qing(1644—1911)dynasties, Tian‘anmen Gate was where the emperors issued imperial edict and held grand celebrations.In modern Chinese history, many important historical events took place on Tian‘anmen Square.For example, the well-known May Fourth Movement in 1919, the December Ninth Patriotic Students Movement in 1935, the grand ceremony to celebrate the founding of the People‘s Republic of China on October 1, 1949 are all associated with the name of Tian‘anmen.84 新编实用英语口译教程

The Summer Palace The Summer Palace is situated 15 kilometers northwest of Beijing.It is the largest and best-preserved imperial Chinese gardens.The Summer Palace is famous not only for its beautiful scenery but also for its long history.Originally, it was a natural lake formed by spring water and surrounded by a hill called the Jar Hill.In 1153, Wanyan Liang, an emperor of the Jin Period, made it an imperial palace for short stays when he was away from the capital.In the Yuan Dynasty, the lake was enlarged and became a reservoir providing water for the court and the capital.In the Ming Dynasty, the royal family had a temple built on the hill, which was named the Perfect and Quiet Temple.In 1750, in the celebration of the 60th anniversary of his mother‘s birthday, Emperor Qianlong, the fourth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, had the Perfect and Quiet Temple rebuilt.He renamed the hill the Longevity Hill and the reconstructed garden the Clear Ripples Garden.In 1860 the garden was burned down by Anglo-French invasion forces.In 1888, when Emperor Guangxu was in reign, Dowager Cixi had it reconstructed by embezzling the navy funds under the pretext of building a navy training site, but it was never once used for that purpose.Cixi renamed it Summer Palace and made it her residence for the greater part of the year.In 1900, the palace garden was again badly damaged by the allied forces of the eight imperialist powers.It was reconstructed in 1903 and opened as a public park in 1924——13 years after the overthrow of the last imperial dynasty.The palace garden covers an area of 290 hectares, three-fourths of which is water, mainly Kunming Lake at the foot of the Longevity Hill.It has more than 3,000 halls, mansions, towers, pavilions, corridors, walkways, bridges and other structures, each having its unique style, but they all bend harmoniously with the landscape.They are many tourist attractions in the garden.The Hall of Benevolence and Longevity was where the Empress Dowager and Emperor Guangxu handled court affairs, received government officials and foreign diplomatic envoys.The Hall of Happiness and Longevity was where Cixi lived during her stay at the Summer Palace.One of the marvels of the Summer Palace is the Long Corridor which runs for 728 meters along the northern shore of the Kunming Lake and connects with the buildings at the southern foot of the Longevity Hill.It is the longest garden corridor in China consisting of 273 sections.On its cross-beams, the ceiling and side pillars are all paintings of historical and legendary figures, famous Chinese landscapes, flowers and birds, and there are more than 14,000 pieces of pictures in all.So it is actually an art gallery.At the west end of the long corridor is the Marble Boat.The 36-meter long ―boat‖ was carved out of a piece of huge marble.It is where Cixi relaxed in mid-summer.The first attraction on entering the park is the marble Seventeen-arch Bridge spanning the blue-green waters of the lake in a pleasant curve.All the 500 balusters along its 150-meter length are topped by more than 540 carved lions, each in a different pose.The bridgeheads are guarded 第六章

旅游观光口译

by pairs of legendary formidable animals.With the background of the Jade Spring Hill and the Western Hill in the distance and the Longevity Hill, the Kunming Lake and numerous graceful garden buildings, flowers and trees inside the garden, the Summer Palace has the poetic touch of a traditional Chinese painting.It is a classic example Chinese Garden-building art.The Temple of Heaven Located in southeast Beijing and built in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty, the Temple of Heaven used to be the place where the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties worshiped heaven for good harvest and performed sacrificial rituals.It is now one of the largest public parks in the capital.The Temple of Heaven covers an area of 273 hectares.It consists of three main structures on a north-south axis: the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest in the north, the Imperial Vault of Heaven in the center and the Circular Mound Altar in the south.The Temple of Heaven is mostly sky blue in color.It has two surrounding walls, both of which are round to the north and square to the south.Such a pattern symbolizes the ancient belief that the heaven is round and the earth square.The main temple, the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, is a lofty cone-shaped wooden structure joined together entirely by wooden bars, laths, rafters, and brackets without the use of iron or bronze.This brilliant example of ancient Chinese architecture measures 38 meters in height and 30 meters in diameter.Set with deep blue glazed tiles, the roof is crowned at the top with a huge golden ball.The triple-eaves of the roof are supported by 28 massive wooden pillars.The four central columns, called the ―Dragon-Well Pillar‖, represent the four seasons.Surrounding these four columns, there are 2 rings, one inside the other, of 12 columns each: the inner ring symbolizes the 12 months and the outer, the 12 divisions of day and night;the pillars of the inner and the outer rings together stand for the 24 solar terms or the 24 divisions of the solar year in the traditional Chinese calendar.It was in this hall that the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties prayed for good harvest every year on the 15th of the first month of the lunar year.The Imperial Vault of Heaven, circular structure with deep blue glazed tiles, was used to house the memorial tablets of the ―Supreme Ruler of Heaven‖.Around it is the Echo Wall, where the acoustic effects are such that a whisper at one end of the wall can be heard at some distance at the other end.The Circular Mound Altar is a 3-tiered circular marble terrace enclosed by marble balustrades on each tier.The platform is laid with marble stones in nine concentric circles, and everything is arranged in multiples of the number 9.Everyyear on the winter solstice sacrifices were offered at the altar by the emperor who, surrounded first by the circles of the terrace and 86 新编实用英语口译教程

their railings and then by the horizon, seemed to be in the center of the universe.课文词语/Words and Expressions from the Text ancient architectural complexes

古建筑群 overpass

高架道路；天桥

clover-leaf overpass

四通八达的立交桥 compound

这里指北京的“四合院” sewage-treatment

污水处理 forestation

造林 moat

reinforcement

renovation

lath stone

rampart

embrasures

apertures for shooting

historical monument

accommodate

the Great Hall of the People

the Museum of Chinese History

the Military Museum of the Chinese People‘s Revolution the Monument to the People‘s Heroes

Chairman Mao Memorial Hall

double-eaves

glaze-tiled

imperial edict

the Perfect and Quiet Temple

the Longevity Hill

the Clear Ripples Garden

embezzling the navy funds

the allied forces of the eight imperialist powers

the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity

the Hall of Happiness and Longevity

the Marble Boat

the Seventeen-arch Bridge

legendary formidable animals

the Jade Spring Hill

护城河 加固 修复 条石 城墙 垛口 射击孔 历史名胜 容纳 人民大会堂 中国历史博物馆 中国人民革命军事博物馆 人民英雄纪念碑 毛主席纪念堂

重檐的 琉璃瓦的 诏令 圆静寺

万寿山

清漪园

挪用海军军费

八国联军

仁寿殿 乐寿堂 石舫

十七孔桥

传说中的怪兽

玉泉山

第六章

旅游观光口译

the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest

祈年殿 the Imperial Vault of Heaven

皇穹宇 the Circular Mound Altar

环丘坛

wooden bars, laths, rafters and brackets

木条、板条、椽和斗拱 24 solar terms

24个节气

solar/ lunar year

阳历/阴历年 memorial tablet

牌位 the triple eaves of the roof

三重檐屋顶

Supreme Ruler of Heaven

皇天上帝

the Echo Wall

回音壁 marble balustrade

大理石栏杆 winter solstice

冬至 offer sacrifices to

祭祀

railing

栏杆；围栏；扶手

二、口译实践/Interpretation Practice 听译下列课文/Listen to the Following Passages and Interpret Them.(一)英译汉/E-C

6-1.mp3

相关词语/Related Words and Expressions falls

wonder

illuminate

churning

hydroelectric plant

divert

treaty

slide

tumble

ledge

瀑布 奇迹 照亮(波浪)翻腾的 水力发电厂 转移；转向 条约 山崩；土崩 滚下

岩架，岩脊，岩石突出部

erosion

腐蚀；侵蚀

It is the one and the only wonder which does not require a description by early historians and poets.It is the one and only wonder that does not need speculations concerning its 88 新编实用英语口译教程

appearance, size and shape.It is the oldest, yet it is the only surviving of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.It is the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt.The tradition of pyramid building started in ancient Egypt as a sophistication of the idea of a mastaba or ―platform‖ covering the royal tomb.Later, several stacked mastabas were used.Early pyramids, such as the Step Pyramid of King Zoser(Djoser)at Saqqara by the famous Egyptian architect, Imhotep, illustrated this connection.Pyramid building was at its height from the fourth through the sixth Dynasties.Scores of them have been discovered.However, the largest and most famous of all the pyramids should be the pyramids at Giza, which consist of three pyramids.The well-known one is the Great Pyramid at Giza built by King Khufu.When it was built, the Great Pyramid stood over 146 meters.Over the years, it lost 10 meters off its top and today it is 136 meters in height.Before 19th century A.D.it ranked as the tallest structure on earth.The Pyramid‘s base covers an area over 5.2 hectares and the sloping angle of its sides is 51 degrees and 52 minutes.Each side is carefully oriented with one of the cardinal points of the compass, that is, north, south, east and west.The horizontal cross section of the Pyramid is square at any level.The structure of the Great Pyramid consists of 2.3 million blocks of stone.The average weight is over two tons a piece, with the heaviest weighing 15 tons each.How the ancient Egyptians moved these huge stones is still not sure.Several theories have been proposed.One theory involves the construction of a straight or spiral ramp that was raised as the construction proceeded.This ramp coated with mud and water, eased the displacement of the stone blocks pushed into place.A second theory suggests that the blocks were placed by using long levers with a short angled foot.No matter what has been said, it proves to be hard in ancient time.The Greek historian Herodotus reported in the fifth century B.C.that his Egyptian guides told him that 100,000 men mere employed for three mouths a year for twenty years to build the Great Pyramid.Together with the Great Pyramid are two other pyramids at Giza.One is the Pyramid of Khafra, Khufu‘s son.This one is 3 meters lower, but more complete and wonderful.The twenty-meter high Sphinx stands aside, attracting the eyes of tourists.It is said that except the claws, the Sphinx is made out of only one piece of natural rock.The other pyramid is for Khafra‘s son, Menkaure.It has been suggested that there are enough blocks in the three pyramids to build a 3-meter high, 0.3-meter thick wall around France.The area covered by the Great Pyramids can accommodate St Peter‘s in Rome, the Cathedrals of Florence and Milan, and Westminster and St Paul‘s in London combined.Throughout their history, the Pyramids of Giza have stimulated human imagination.They were referred to as ―The Granaries of Joseph‖ and ―the Mountains of Pharaoh‖.When Napoleon invaded Egypt in 1798, his pride was expressed through his famous quote: ―Soldiers!From the top of these Pyramids, 40 centuries are looking at us.‖

第六章

旅游观光口译

Today, the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx have fascinated people from all over the world ——tourists, mathematicians and archeologists come to visit and explore them.(二)汉译英/C-E

6-2.mp3

相关词语/Related Words and Expressions 兵马俑

考古探测

试掘

军阵

穿着战袍、打着绑腿

前锋

主力部队

后卫

两翼

战车

挽马

铠甲

卫戍部队

步兵

骑兵

青铜武器

长兵器

剑、矛、戈、戟

弩、箭、簇

铜锡合金

稀有金属

经过铬处理

防腐防锈

冶金技术

单辕车

前乘室

后乘室

华丽富贵

铸、焊、铆

镶、刻

terra-cotta warriors and horses Archeological exploration test excavation

battle array / battle formation wear battle tunics and puttee vanguard main body rear guard flank guard chariot drafting horse armor garrison army

foot solider / infantry man cavalryman bronze weapons long shaft-weapon

sward, spear, dagger-ax, halberd crossbow, arrow, arrowhead an alloy of copper and tin rare metal

coated with chromium prevent corrosion and rust metallurgical technique single-shaft chariot the front compartment the rear compartment luxurious and graceful casting, welding, riveting embedding, chiseling 90 新编实用英语口译教程

秦始皇兵马俑是当地村民1974年3月在田里打井时偶然发现的。经考古学家探测，认定为秦代兵马俑坑。后经勘探和试掘，共发现三处兵马俑坑，按发现时间把它们分别定名为兵马俑一号、二号、三号坑。三个坑总面积为22 780平方米。

这一发现震惊中外。为了保护这些罕见的历史文物，1975年，国务院批准在一号坑原址上建一座占地16 300平方米的博物馆。1979年国庆节，博物馆正式对外开放。此后，兵马俑3号坑、2号坑展厅和铜车马馆也陆续建成，并对外开放。现在，秦始皇兵马俑博物馆被列为中国十大名胜之一，被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

一号坑呈长方形，东西长230米，南北宽62米，深5米，面积16 620平方米。一号坑内的兵马俑完全按当时的实战军阵排列。坑道的东端长廊里站立着三排武士俑，每排70，共210件。这些武士身着战袍，脚打绷腿，手持弓弩，面向东方，是整个军阵的前锋部队。其后是十道土夯的隔墙隔成的11个过道，里面排列着步兵与车兵相间的38路纵队。兵俑全部身穿盔甲，手持长兵器。他们是整个军阵的主力部队。另外，在主力部队的南北和西头，分别有一排武士俑，他们都面朝外，分别是主力部队的左后翼和后卫部队。在试掘的960平方米范围内，出土武士俑500多个，战车4辆，挽马24匹。据测量，一号坑共有兵马俑6000多件。

二号坑呈曲尺形，面积6000平方米，是一个由四个独立的单元、四个不同的兵种编制而成的混合军阵。第一单元是由334个弩兵组成的小方阵。第二单元是由64乘战车组成的方阵。每乘战车有三个军士。第三单元是由19乘战车和100个兵俑组成的方阵。第四单元是由6乘战车、124个骑兵和鞍马组成的方阵。四个单元既是一个互相紧密相连的大军阵，多件。

三号呈凹字形，面积520平方米，仅有4马1车和68尊陶俑。三号坑内的兵俑是环绕周壁面对面夹道排列。他们手持一种专门用于仪仗的无刃长兵器。同时，坑内还发现有用于战前占卜和祈祷的动物骨头和鹿角残迹。因此，考古学家认为3号坑可能是整个军阵的指挥部。

三个坑呈‚品‛字形排列，形成一个庞大的军事场面：8000 兵马，浩浩荡荡，待命征战，显示出一幅气势磅礴、雄伟壮观的动人场面。这是秦始皇为自己所造的一支守陵的卫戍部队。

三个坑内的陶俑都仿真人塑造，全身彩绘。兵俑的队列布局按将军、武官、武士等不同级别和步兵、车兵、骑兵等不同兵种有序排列，他们容貌各异，个个神态逼真、栩栩如生，显示了中国古代雕塑艺术的高超技艺和民族风格。

除了数以千计的兵马俑外，三个坑内出土了数以万计的各种青铜武器，主要有刀、剑、矛、戈、戟、弓、箭、弩、簇。特别引人注目的是一把青铜剑，虽在地下埋藏了2000多年，仍不生锈，至今光亮如新，锋利无比，一次能划透20张纸。经检测，这把剑为铜、锡合金，并含有十多种稀有金属，表面经过铬的处理，能防锈防腐。这表明2000多年前中国的铸造工艺和冶金技术已达到惊人的高度。又是四个独立的、灵活机动的、能攻能守的小军阵。据估计，二号坑可出土兵马俑1500

第六章

旅游观光口译

1980年12月，考古工作者在秦始皇陵西侧20米处发现了两组大型彩绘铜车马，更是给博物馆增添了新的光彩。根据发现顺序，把这两组铜车马分别命名为一号和二号车。两组铜车均为单辕车，各配四匹马。一号车为‚高车‛，驭手和乘车的人均站立车上。二号车叫‚安车‛，分前后两乘室，中间相隔。驭手坐前乘室，主人坐后乘室。后乘室前面及左右两侧各有一车窗，后面留门，可能是供秦始皇灵魂出游时乘坐的。铜车马为真人、真马二分之一大小，由3400多个零件组成，并有1720件金银饰品，显得华丽富贵。据初步研究，铜车马的制造采用了铸、焊、铆、镶、刻等多种工艺。

铜车马的制作工艺高超，造型艺术逼真，是我国历史上最早、制作最精美的青铜珍品，也是世界考古发现的最大青铜器，证明秦代的工艺已经达到了很高的水平。

参考译文/Reference Version(二)汉译英/C-E Emperor Qin Shihuang‘s Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses were discovered accidentally in March 1974 when the local farmers were digging a well in the fields.Archeologists believed that the terra-cotta warriors and horses were from the Qin Dynasty.After many explorations and test excavation, three pits have been discovered, covering an area of 22,780 square meters.This discovery created a world sensation.In order to protect these rare historical relics, in 1975, the State Council granted permission to construct a 16,300-square-meter museum over the site of Pit No.1.The museum was officially open to the public on the National Day, October 1, 1979.Later, exhibition halls housing Pit No.3, No.2 and the Bronze Chariots and Horses were built and open to the public in succession.The Museum and the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang have been listed as one of the country‘s ten great historical sites and designated by the UNESCO as a World Culture Heritage Site.Pit No.1 is rectangular in shape.It is 230 meters from east to west, 62 meters from north to south, 5 meters deep, and covers an area of 16,620 square meters.Warriors and horses in this pit are arranged in a practical battle array.In the long corridor at the east end of the pit stand three rows of terra-cotta warriors, 70 in each, 210 in all.Armed with bows and arrows, the soldiers are wearing battle tunics and puttees, and facing east.They are regarded as the vanguard of the battle formation.These are followed by 38 columns of troops, consisting of infantrymen and charioteers that are arranged in 11 corridors separated by 10 earth-rammed walls.The warriors all wear armors and carry long-shaft weapons.They make up the main body of the battle formation.Furthermore, at the north, south, and west end, there is one row of terra-cotta warriors respectively, all facing outward.They are the flanks and rear guards of the entire battle formation.From the 960 square meters testing trenches, some 500 warriors, 4 chariots, and 24 drafting horses have been unearthed.According to the density, 6,000 pieces in all can be excavated from 92 新编实用英语口译教程

Pit No.1.Pit No.2 is ―L‖-shaped, covering an area of 6,000 square meters.It is actually a mixed battle formation consisting of military forces in four separate arrays.The first array is composed of 334 archers, the second of 64 chariots with three warriors on each.The third array includes 19 chariots and 100 warriors.The fourth array consists of 6 chariots, 124 cavalrymen and saddled horses.Together, the four arrays constitute a large battle formation, closely connected with one another.At the same time, each of the four arrays is an independent division, flexible and capable of both attacking and defending.It is estimated that altogether 1,500 pieces are expected to be excavated from Pit No.2.Pit No.3 is ―U‖-shaped, taking up 520 square meters with only 4 terra-cotta horses, one chariot and 68 armored warriors discovered.Warriors here stand in two rows, opposite to each other along the wall.They carry a kind of long weapon, which has no blades and are believed to be used by the guards of honor.Remains of animal bones and deer horns probably used for sacrificial offerings and war praying are found in this pit.So archeologists believe it is the headquarters of the underground army.The three pits are arranged in a triangle and form an enormous battle array, consisting of 8,000 warriors and horses.Vast and powerful, they give us a grand view of a mighty army in full battle array.They are the garrison army molded to guard Emperor Qin Shihuang tomb.All the pottery figures were modeled life-size and were originally all color-painted.The warriors in the formation are arranged in accordance with their ranks—generals, officers and soldiers, and their functions—foot soldiers, charioteers and cavalrymen.The warriors vary from one another in feature and facial expressions, looking lifelike and vivid.They reveal the high artistic skill and national style of the group sculpture of ancient China.Together with the warriors and horses are thousands of bronze weapons, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, crossbows, arrows and arrowheads.The most eye-catching among the weapons is a bronze sword.Though buried under ground for over two thousand years, the sword is rustproof, still bright and sharp, and it can cut through 20 sheets of paper piled together.Technical examination reveals that the sword has been cast of an alloy of copper and tin.It also contains more than ten other rare metals.The surface was coated with chromium that has prevented corrosion and rust.This shows that 2,000 years ago China‘s technique of casting and metallurgy reached an amazingly high level.In December 1980, archeologists discovered two teams of color-painted bronze chariots 20 meters to the west of Qin Shihuang‘s mausoleum.This has added more splendors to the museum.They are listed as No.1 and No.2 chariot respectively according to the order of their discovery.Both chariots are single-shaft and drafted by four horses.No.1 chariot was named High Chariot.The charioteers and the passengers all stood in it.No.2 was named Security Chariot, which has two cabins;the front compartment is for the charioteer and the rear one is for the emperor.The 第六章

旅游观光口译

rear compartment has a window on both sides as well as in the front and a door at the back.It is said that the chariots are used to hold the emperor‘s soul for inspection.The chariots and horses are half life-size, consisting of more than 3,400 component parts and 1,720 pieces of gold and silver decorations and ornaments.They are luxurious and graceful.Test studies have revealed that the making of the bronze chariots and horses involve such techniques as casting, welding, riveting, embedding, and chiseling.The bronze chariots and horses were manufactured with high technology and modeled vividly.They are the earliest and most exquisite bronze treasures made in Chinese history and the largest bronze ware ever discovered in the history of world archaeology.They prove that the technique of chariot manufacture during the Qin period was undoubtedly advanced.第七章

现代教育口译

Modern Education

一、热身阅读材料/Warming-up Reading Material 第一篇/Passage 1 For centuries, Oxford has been at Britain‘s intellectual heart, perhaps the most prestigious among Europe‘s many ancient universities.It lies only 50 miles from London, close to the centers of power—Parliament and the Law Courts.Oxford has attracted students and scholars from all over the world.They have gone on to achieve the highest positions in their own countries in politics, administration, science and the arts.Alumni include numerous eminent scientists, literary figures and such overseas politicians as American President Bill Clinton, Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and the Philippines‘ President Gloria Arroyo.Its civic origins go back to the Middle Ages.At that time, Oxford was a small town built on a mound of gravel between two deep rivers, the Thames and the Cherwell, at a place where oxen could ford the waters.As a place of learning Oxford‘s beginnings are equally distant.Legend has it that Alfred laid its foundations at the end of the ninth century.By the 12th century scholars were teaching in the town and their renown had spread to the Continent, particularly to the Sorbonne in Paris, the Europe‘s greatest center of learning.A group of English scholars left the French capital in 1167 to settle in Oxford and the place became a magnet for students and teachers from all over Britain.Today Oxford is a large, teeming city, but the cluster of ancient university buildings in the center—colleges, libraries, museums and administrative blocks—has remained largely untouched.While most old universities have modernized radically to accommodate their growing populations, Oxford has managed to expand while still preserving its traditional collegiate structure.The 36 existing colleges, varying from the older houses to the newest such as Green, are independent, self-governing institutions operating under the umbrella of the University of Oxford.Few positions in academia are grander than being head of an Oxford college.Usually it is the culmination of an outstanding career and a reward for decades of public service.The post requires the combined talents of diplomat, administrator and academic.As Sir Roger Bannister, former Master of Pembroke College says: ―Heading an Oxford college was a new challenge, you should recognize the needs and aspirations of the students and help to realize them.The three-year period students spend at Oxford is the most important of their lives;it shapes their future careers;the friendships they form will last for ever.‖

第七章

现代教育口译

Everyyear in Oxford, among thousands of applicants, only a few hundred are chosen by each college through an increasingly competitive process.Once accepted, the undergraduates benefit from a range of traditional privileges.The most notable and the rarest of these is the one-to-one tutorial, at which a student presents his or her work to the tutor.The relationship of profound respect and trust that can develop between teacher and pupil over three years can be as lasting as it is academically rewarding.Years after students have left they return to their tutors for advice and guidance.Parallel to their academic work, students can cultivate their particular talents and interests by joining a vast range of societies.Many of Britain‘s finest actors, actresses and theatre directors started their careers at the Oxford University Dramatic Society.The Oxford Union(short for the Oxford University Debating Society)has been a breeding ground for the country‘s political leaders and celebrated barristers.Debate topics there vary from politics, philosophy, religion and ethics to less lofty subjects.The list of famous politicians who cut their professional teeth here is endless, such as the British Prime Ministers Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher, and the Prime Minister of other countries as well.Another famous institution is the Oxford University Boat Club, founded in 1839.Each college has its own team of rowers, and the best among them are chosen to form the Oxford squad.Although boating is not usually a spectator sport, millions watch the annual duel between Oxford and Cambridge on television and tens of thousands more line the banks of the Thames.Oxford has a rich musical life, too.Students who play an instrument are encouraged to develop their talents.Some form pop and rock music groups, playing at parties and dances, while others create classical music ensembles.The best musicians are invited to join the Oxford University Orchestra.So generations of students, scholars and teachers come and go, each adding a layer to the university‘s rich, exalted history as Oxford shines everlasting.相关词语/Related words and expressions alumna

alumnus

alumni

civic origin

Sorbonne

teeming city

academia

culmination of an outstanding career

barrister

one-to-one tutorial

女校友 男校友 校友(复数)城市的起源

(巴黎)索本神学院，巴黎大学的前身 繁忙的城市 学术界 杰出事业的顶峰 律师 一带一导师制 96 新编实用英语口译教程

academically rewarding

breeding ground

cut their professional teeth

classical music ensemble

rich, exalted history

学术上受益 温床

开始他们的职业生涯 古典乐团

丰富而声誉高的历史

第二篇/Passage 2 Should Universities Charge More to Subsidize the Poor? Renowned Chinese economist Mao Yushi has recently caused a sensation after delivering a controversial speech in Guangzhou, southern Guangdong Province.Addressing an education forum, Mao said that only 10 percent-20 percent of college students are poverty-stricken, and if Chinese universities lower the threshold by future cutting tuition fees, those who receive the most benefit are the rich, who then pay less for higher education.The best solution, proposed by Mao, is to raise school fees and offer more scholarships and loans to poor students.Other elite economists, including Professor Zhang Weiying, Dean of the Guanghua School of Management under Peking University, known as China‘s Wharton Business School, and Tang Min, Chief Economist with the Asian Development Bank mission in China, share Mao‘s opinion.They believe Chinese universities are generally suffering from shortages of funds due to rising education costs and too low tuition fees.If students are charged more for higher education, universities would be relieved from their current financial difficulties and would be able to offer more scholarship and aid to poor students via the newly raised funds.Take a college that annually recruits 4,000 students for example.If each student is charged 10,000 yuan($1,163)annually, doubling the previous charge of 5,000 yuan($581), its total revenues would amount to 20 million yuan($2.33 million), which would enable the college to assist more poor students in the form of scholarships.Those opposed to Mao‘s proposal, argued that in effect expenditures on higher education accounts for about 20 percent of a nation‘s per-capita gross domestic product(GDP).But that level for China has reached nearly 60 percent-70 percent.Results of a survey carried out by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences reveal that, college tuition fees have risen 25 times than those of 20 years ago, maintaining a growth rate five times more than income increases over the corresponding period.This has led to fears that another further price hike will make education even more inaccessible.But Mao‘s supporters contended that the root cause for university difficulties lies in a deficient assistance and scholarship system.To assist inadequate state budgets, they say, universities should be allowed to control their own income by raising tuition fees.It is suggested that a unified standard on collecting tuition fees or a policy concerning 第七章

现代教育口译

education allowances will help hedge inflating costs faced by most public colleges.Conversely others believe that, under market rules, the only solution is to expand supplies of education resources to balance price, rather than increasing additional government expenditures.If more resources are available, market demands will naturally cease with lower commodity prices.Rich support poor Wang Dongjing(21st Century Business Herald): Many believe that to maintain tuition fees at a comparatively low level is favorable to poor college students.In fact, it is not absolute.When several farsighted scholars proposed raising college fees years ago, it ignited hot debates.People in education circles argued that an undifferentiated standard of college tuition fees for both the rich and the poor is actually more beneficial to students from rich families, who are equally compensated by public funds.As we know, in the Western world, private education is very expensive, but if poor students perform well in their exams, they are eligible to be funded by scholarships.In contrast, China‘s public education is too large in scale to be fully covered by public funds.Maybe we could allow the well-known Tsinghua or Peking universities to float tuition fees, through which limited financial resources would be able to focus on public education.Cao Yueping(The Beijing News): In the energy sector, when prices for raw materials rise, price hikes of refined oil or electricity are foreseeable based on demand and supply changes.Both in the fields of education and the economy, it is suggested that disadvantaged groups be subsidized by hedging risks caused by such price hikes.Poor students could be lifted from heavy financial burdens by receiving more scholarships and loans, like the policy which compensates public transportation systems for the costs generated by soaring oil prices.Under market rules, general price increases are inevitable, but the question is how to stabilize social order and balance wealth distribution by implementing subsidies to the poor and strengthening welfare programs.Zhang Tianwei(Beijing Youth Daily): The average level of tuition fees for Chinese university students has reached as high as 5,000 yuan($581)per year;for popular majors, however, students have to pay nearly 10,000 yuan($1,163)for one-year studies.Yet universities cannot make ends meet as a result of rising teaching costs, and most students in fact now enjoy ―invisible‖ subsidies sponsored by state or other social funds.Mao Yushi, who is keen to enhance assistance in the form of scholarships and loans to poor students through transferred public funds, hopes that the ―invisible‖ subsidies would soon be cancelled.In the United States, where higher education is widespread, total expenses for top universities average at around $40,000 each year, including tuition and boarding fees.This is way above the means of poorer students, but those with ability can be partially sponsored or get full scholarships.But it is preconditioned by devising a scientifically designed appraisal mechanism, under 98 新编实用英语口译教程

which rich families must pay what they can afford;while poor-but-bright students will be financially subsidized.To raise tuition fees in haste based on an unverified assumption is very likely to fail, in addition to challenges from scarce public funds and loose internal governance.It is a concern that students from average families will face growing difficulties when it comes to affording college life.Despite this, it‘s still unreasonable to conclude that the mode of ―high tuition fees, high scholarships and loans,‖ proposed by Mao and other economists, is completely impractical.In fact, the biggest obstacle for implementing this proposal is the failure of the government and universities in setting up necessary institutional guarantees.It‘s a public thing Wei Zhiming(The Beijing News): In economics, education is defined as a quasipublic good because of its social benefits.Also it is a category of investment in human resources and is vital to the future of an individual or a nation.The government may raise funds through mandatory taxation, besides social donations and tuition fees, as major financial sources for colleges and universities.In Western countries, both private and public colleges survive on donations and supplementary tuition fees.But in China, most universities, excluding several top-notched colleges, are incapable of raising enough funds to finance daily expenses.As a result, universities are trapped in a dilemma.On one hand, they are desperately short of funds.On the other hand, they need to develop themselves to meet growing social demands.Some of them, therefore, have to sell land, make loans, raise tuition fees, or draw sponsors to survive increasingly furious market competition.It‘s clear that the fund shortages facing China‘s tertiary institutions are largely due to inadequate state and social investment.This problem cannot be solved by any individual university through means such as increasing tuition fees.Guo Zhichun(Beijing Youth Daily): The rich will have to pay more tuition fees to aid the poor.It is not yet mentioned how to ensure that these extra payments are used efficiently.The Geely Holding Group, a Zhejiang-based car maker, has recently donated 50 million yuan($5.81 million)to assist 1,000 poor students.At the same time, it allocated another 2 million yuan($232,558)to identify every applicant and confirm that the money was properly used.The so-called preferential policy to poor students by raising tuition fees also risks their chances for admission.Xiong Bingqi(Oriental Morning Post): Pursuant to relevant government stipulations, universities should spend no less than 5 percent of regular income on reimbursement of student loans and living allowances to poor students.But for most privately-funded colleges, where the amount of tuition fees has doubled that of public schools, poor students can not enjoy free education, or receive assistance from scholarships and loans.

第二篇：口译实践心得

口译实践心得

紧张的考试已经结束，我们迎来了第三个学期的实习，口译实践。与以往的实习相比，我想不仅是我个人班里的每个人都会收获颇丰。因为口译对我们来说一直都是比较薄弱的环节，每次上实践我们都提心吊胆的，生怕老师提问到，甚至有时候不去上了的念头，但我知道你越是逃避他你就越是学不好，每次我都强迫自己努力，但每次都不尽人意听一遍只能记下只言片语有时候甚至只是重点单词，与其他同学相比我算是最差的吧！因为这本来自卑的我更加的没信心，但我绝对没有放弃，对一个英语专业的学生来说如果这点困难都克服不了的话不知道我还能做些什么，我不求优秀只求每天都在进步。这次口译实践活动正好给我提供一个专门提高自己口译实践的能力，在余老师的精心布置安排指导下，我们开始了进步之旅。

口译能力与个人的听力与速记能力密切相关，余老师针对我们在课堂上的缺陷专门布置了一系列任务以改进我们的这些缺点。为了提高我们的听力与速记能力，让我们每天都听1-2小时的VOA新闻并记下它主要内容，并且每个学生都发有实践档案详细记录自己的实践过程，每听一个新闻我们甚至都必须填写听的时间地点。老师都这么认真当然我们也不敢懈怠，每位同学都一丝不苟的完成老师布置的作业。当然仅做这些是不够的，这只是个人作业，老师还布置的有两个小组作业，每个小组根据这学期学的内容选择一个主题录制一个模拟口译现场的视频，不仅录视频在实习期间内我们小组在课下还必须把其他主题都得表演出来。最重要的是当着两个班的学生的面，老师随机分发资料让我们在毫无准备的情况下模拟口译真实场景把它表演出来，这对我来说无疑是个无疑是个巨大的挑战，我一向反应不快偏偏又是英语而且还得速记，很害怕站在讲台上会不知所措，但我还是安慰自己这对于自己来说是一次锻炼，现在出丑总比工作了出丑好的多吧！只要这次做好了下次就有经验了，想着这些我也不觉得有多害怕了，站在讲台上也没有我想象的那么紧张，虽然结果并没有想象的那么好，但我知道那是因为平时自己练的不够多的缘故，每次速记只顾着记单个单词结果忽略句子段落的整体性，轮到我的时候所记的内容串不到一块儿，尽管这次实践结果不尽人意，但我决不会气馁，因为差才会有更大的提升空间，才会有学习的动力。实习至此也算基本结束剩下的就是总结了，总结我们在这次实践活动中的所得和遇到的问题以及获得的经验教训。

这次实践虽然任务比较多但我们都乐于接受并且都认真按部就班的按照老师说的去做，实习结束后我们的确收获了许多，于我自己而言，虽然在这次实习中发挥的不好但我知道了自己的缺点与不足，以后我会努力朝着这方面努力。

第三篇：口译实践资料

英译汉：

1.First of all let us take the Chinese language.As the Chinese live a life of the heart, the Chinese language, I say, is also a language of the heart.Now it is a well-known fact that children and uneducated persons among foreigners in China learn Chinese very easily, much more so than grown-up and educated persons.What is the reason of this? The reason, I say, is because children and uneducated persons think and speak with the language of the heart, whereas educated men, especially men with the modern intellectual education of Europe, think and speak with the language of the head or intellect.In fact, the reason why educated foreigners find it so difficult to learn Chinese, is because they are too educated, too intellectually and scientifically educated.As it is said of the Kingdom of Heaven, so it may also be said of the Chinese language:_“Unless you become as little children, you cannot learn it.” Next let us take another well-known fact in the life of the Chinese people.The Chinese, it is well-known, have wonderful memories.What is the secret of this? The secret is: the Chinese remember things with the heart and not with the head.The heart with its power of sympathy, acting as glue, can retain things much better than the head or intellect which is hard and dry.It is, for instance, also for this reason that we;all of us, can remember things which we learnt when we were children much better than we can remember things which we learnt in mature life.As children, like the Chinese, we remember things with the heart and not with the head.Let us next take another generally admitted fact in the life of the Chinese people_their politeness.The Chinese are, it has often been remarked, a peculiarly polite people.Now what is the essence of true politeness? It is consideration for the feelings of others.The Chinese are polite because, living a life of the heart, they know their own feelings and that makes it easy for them to show consideration for the feelings of others.The politeness of the Chinese, although not elaborate like the politeness of the Japanese, is pleasing because it is, as the French beautifully express

their civilisation and that the Chinese civilisation is a stagnant one.Nevertheless, it must be admitted that, as far as pure intellectual life goes, the Chinese are, to a certain extent, a people of arrested development.The Chinese, as you all know, have made little or no progress not only in the physical, but also in the pure abstract sciences such as mathematics, logic and metaphysics.Indeed the very words “science” and “logic” in the European languages have no exact equivalent in the Chinese language.The Chinese, like children who live a life of the heart, have no taste for the abstract sciences, because in these the heart and feelings are not engaged.In fact, for everything which does not engage the heart and feelings, such as tables of statistics, the Chinese have a dislike amounting to aversion.But if tables of statistics and the pure abstract sciences fill the Chinese with aversion, the physical sciences as they are now pursued in Europe, which require you to cut up and mutilate the body of a living animal in order to verify a scientific theory, would inspire the Chinese with repugnance and horror.Key: 首先，我们来谈谈中国的语言。中国的语言也是一种心灵的语言。一个很明显的事实就是∶那些生活在中国的外国人，其儿童和未受教育者学习中文比成年人和受过 教育者要容易得多。原因在于儿童和未受教育者是用心灵来思考和使用语言。相反，受过教育者，特别是受过理性教育的现代欧洲人，他们是用大脑和智慧来思考和 使用语言的。有一种关于极乐世界的说法也同样用于对中国语言的学习∶除非你变成一个孩子，否则你就难以学会它。

其次，我们再指出一个众所周知的中国人日常生活中的事实。中国人具有惊人的记忆力，其秘密何在？就在于中国人是用心而非脑去记忆。用具同情力量的心灵记 事，比用头脑或智力要好得多，后者是枯燥乏味的。举例来说，我们当中的绝大多数儿童时代的记忆力要强过成年后的记忆力。因为儿童就象中国人一样，是用心而 非用脑去记忆。

接下来的例子，依旧是体现在中国人日常生活中，并得到大家承认的一个事实——中国人的礼貌。中国一向被视为礼仪之邦，那厶其礼貌的本质是什厶呢？这就是体 谅、照顾他人的感情。中国人有礼貌是因为他们过著一种心灵的生活。他们完全了解自己的这份情感，很容易将心比心推己及人，显示出体谅、照顾他人情感的特 徵。中国人的礼貌虽然不象日本人的那样繁杂，但它是令人愉快的。相反，日本人的礼貌则是繁杂而令人不快的。我已经听到了一些外国人的抱怨。折衷礼貌或许应 该被称为排练式的礼貌——如剧院排戏一样，需要死记硬背。它不是发自内心、出于自然的礼貌。事实上，日本人的礼貌是一朵没有芳香的花，而真正的中国人的礼 貌则是发自内心、充满了一种类似于名贵香水般奇异的芳香。

我们举的中国人特性的最后一例，是其缺乏精确的习惯。这是由亚瑟·史密斯提出并使之得以扬名的一个观点。那厶中国人缺少精确性的原因又何在呢？我说依然是 因为他们过著一种心灵的生活。心灵是纤细而敏感的，它不象头脑或智慧那样僵硬、刻板。实际上，中国人的毛笔或许可以视为中国人精神的象征。用毛笔书写绘画 非常困难，好像也难以准确，但是一旦掌握了它，你就能够得心应手，创造出美妙优雅的书画来，而用西方坚硬的钢笔是无法获得这种效果的。

正是因为中国人过著一种心灵的生活，一种像孩子的生活，所以使得他们在许多方面还显得有些幼稚。这是一个很明显的事实，即作为一个有著那厶悠久历史的伟大 民族，中国人竟然在许多方面至今仍表现得那样幼稚。这使得一些浅薄的留学中国的外国留学生认为中国人未能使文明得到发展，中国文明是一个停滞的文明。必须 承认，就中国人的智力发展而言，在一定程度上被人为地限制了。众所周知，在有些领域中国人只取得很少甚至根本没有什厶进步。这不仅有自然科学方面的，也有 纯粹抽象科学方面的，诸如科学、逻辑学。实际上欧洲语言“科学”与“逻辑”二词，是无法在中文中找到完全对等的词加以表达的。

象儿童一样过著心灵生活的中国人，对抽象的科学没有丝毫兴趣，因为在这方面心灵和情感无计可施。事实上，每一件无需心灵与情感参与的事，诸如统计表一类的 工作，都会引起中国人的反感。如果说统计图表和抽象科学只引起了中国人的反感，那厶欧洲人现在所从事的所谓科学研究，那种为了证明一种科学理论而不惜去摧 残肢解生体的所谓科学，则使中国人感到恐惧并遭到了他们的抑制。

实际上，我在这里要指出的是∶中国人最美妙的特质并非他们过著一种心灵的生活。所有处于初级阶段的民族都过著一种心灵的生活。正如我们都知道的一样，欧洲 中世纪的基督教徒们也同样过著一种心灵的生活。马太·阿诺德就说过―中世纪的基督教世人就是靠心灵和想象来生活的。‖中国人最优秀的特质是当他们过著心灵 的生活，象孩子一样生活时，却具有为中世纪基督教徒或其他任何处于初级阶段的民族所没有的思想与理性的力量。换句

舒缓的音乐节奏缓慢。同时，音乐中越来越多地加入原生态、大自然的元素来帮住人们获得更多平静和放松。

汉译英： 1.工作面面观

1).一项最新研究显示，弹性工作制对于保持员工心情愉快、高效工作以及对公司的忠诚度至关重要。“工作弹性”指的是员工能够灵活安排自己的工作地点、工作时间及工作量。工作灵活度的减少导致了员工工作投入度的降低，但对于出勤没有太大影响。研究人员建议，为员工提供各种灵活的工作安排，让经理和主管们多为员工的个人生活着想，这将有利于打造‘灵活的’的企业文化。

2).调查发现，与女性管理者相比，男性更关注工作本身，他们更专注于搞好工作而不是忙于处理各种关系。在男性看来，他们唯一的游戏规则就是最终的利润。他们的人生动力和喜好似乎都与收益、预算和利润有关。无论在家还是工作，他们都在为赚钱而奋斗。此外，男性更关注工作本身，更专心于搞好工作而不是忙着处理各种复杂的人际关系。他们更能适应层级、头衔差别和升迁的过程。”

3).一项最新民调显示，对于大多数美国人来说，拥有充足的空闲时间比拥有财富更为重要。然而，人们对于财富的重视程度随着年龄的增长而逐渐降低，年轻人更看重财富，而老年人对此则不怎么在意。当现实让你认识到，你不可能成为有钱人时，你对财富的渴望也就随着时间慢慢淡化了。但现实还会告诉你，生活舒适而充实不一定要很富有。

4.沉湎因特网

沉醉于因特网而难以自拔的人已不再局限于少数计算机迷了。对因特网痴迷的人越来越多，妇女最可能成为对因特网着迷的人。最近的一项调查显示，在1721名因特网用户中，有近6％的用户程度不同地痴迷于上网。这些网迷承认，他们上网成癖导致了婚姻破裂、使孩子误人歧途、滋生犯罪而且经济上入不敷出。

5.早先的电脑迷是年轻男性，他们把时间花在玩游戏、下载软件或阅读新闻组信息；新的景象是年轻女性成了电脑迷--她们不惜耗费很多时间给朋友发电子邮件、上网选购书籍或音乐光盘、在聊天室与网友聊天，以及查找来年外出度假的有关信息。

汉译英： 1．Aspects of Job Job flexibility is the key to keeping workers happy, productive and loyal to the company, a new study shows.Workplace flexibility refers to the ability of employees to modify where, when and how long work their work is performed.Offering a variety of alternative work arrangements and training managers and supervisors to be supportive of workers' personal lives may help in creating a culture of flexibility, researchers added.2．But men came out on top when it came to command and control of management operations and focusing on financial returns.the survey found that men were more task focused and concentrated on getting the job done rather than dealing with relationships.Men believe that that bottom line dollars are the only game in town.Their key motives and preferences in life appear to be around revenue, budgets and profit.At work and at home, they are driven by financial opportunities, Men are task focused and concentrate on getting the job done without bothering too much with relationships.They are more comfortable with hierarchies, title silos and processes.3.Having enough free time is more important to most Americans than being rich, according to a new poll.the emphasis on wealth lessens with age, with younger people putting value on it but hardly any seniors.It just diminishes with time as the reality sets in that you would never be rich.But also, the reality sets in that you don't have to be rich to lead a very comfortable and fulfilling life.4 Caught in the Web of the Internet

Getting hooked on the Internet isn't confined to a few computer nerds.It's on the rise everywhere--and women are the most likely addicts.A recent survey of 17,251 Internet users found nearly 6 per cent had some sort of addiction to the medium.They revealed that their online habit contributed to disrupted marriages, childhood delinquency, crime and over-spending.The study, backed by further research in Britain, found that women were more likely to become addicts.So while the old stereotypical addict was a young man who spent hours playing games, downloading software or reading messages on newsgroups, the new image is of a young woman who fritters away hours e-mailing friends, buying books and CDs online, talking in chatrooms and looking for information for next year's holiday.5.Custom has not commonly been regarded as a subject of any great moment.The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behaviour at is most commonplace.As a matter of fact, it is the other way around.Traditional custom, taken the world over, is a mass of detailed behaviour more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions, no matter how aberrant.Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter.The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and in belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.No man ever looks at the world with pristine eyes.风俗一般未被认为是什么重要的课题。我们觉得，只有我们大脑内部的活动情况才值得研究，至于风俗呢，只是些司空见惯的行为而已。事实上，情况正好相反。从世界范围来看，传统风俗是由许多细节性的习惯行为组成，它比任何一个养成的行为都更加引人注目，不管个人行为多么异常。这只是问题的一个次要的侧面。最重要的是，风俗在实践中和信仰上所起的举足轻重的作用，以及它所表现出来的极其丰富多采的形式。没有一个人是用纯洁而无偏见的眼光看待世界。

第四篇：口译实践课程报告

班级：英语131 学好：201311010117 姓名：任洁

口译实践课程报告

本学期开设了口译课程，这让我感觉到兴奋，但更多的是紧张。因为自己的听力很差，特别害怕自己在课堂上跟不上老师的步伐。口译对我来说是最薄弱的环节，每次上课总是提心吊胆，生怕老师提问，在课堂的练习中，也很紧张生怕听不懂搭档读的材料。每一次都强迫自己要努力练习，但每一次还是只能记下只言片语，有时候甚至只是几个单词而已，与其他同学相比，明显的感觉到了自己的不足和差距。这让我更加没有了信心但是我不能选择放弃。因为对于一个英语专业的学生来说这困难如果都克服不了，那什么事都会干不成，我也不知道自己还能干些什么。我现在不要求自己要多么的优秀，我只求通过每天的努力，自己可以慢慢的来进步。

虽然这学期的口译课只上了短短的十周，只有十节课，但我感觉我还是有收获的。收获的并不是说自己的口译能力上升了多少，而是自己通过学习这门实践课，了解了口译，通过自己的实践，也知道了如果要成为一名译员应该具备的素质。同时也看到了自己的不足。一个优秀的译员，必须具备这四点素质，即专业水平、心理素质、广泛涉猎各个学科、要有很强的逻辑思维和总结能力。专业水平就是要求译者要有良好的双语能力，对中英口译来说，在要求英语水平高的同时，汉语水平也要高。要有熟练转换双语的能力，并且汉语的表达要地道，而不是出现明显“翻译腔”的中式英语的现象。同时也要有很好的普通话。口译对译员的反应能力速度很高，因此在翻译过程中要有非常高的心理素质来应对没有听清楚的单词或者句子，以及现场干扰等。所以平时要在人多的场合多发言来提高自己的能力。要让自己的口译能力很高，就必须要涉猎各个领域，对金融、政治、人文、自然等等方面的知识要有所了解。如果前三个方面都做的很好，但自己的知识储备不够，那么也不会成为一名优秀的译员。只有涉猎的学科广，在口译时，才会镇定自若。在口译中要注意表达的逻辑性，这就要训练逻辑思考能力以及对说话人大意的总结能力，知道主次之分，有详有略。我认为口译员要具备的这四点素质是非常重要的，这也是我通过对口译的实践而学到的东西。通过对这门课的学习，我也明显的知道了自己不足。听力差，这就导致在听材料时，不能很好的把握住材料的大意。有时候是在理解大意后，不能用适当的语言表达出来。这就是我在上面所说的双语能力，这表明我的双语能力都很差，语文功底也不尽如意。所以说在以后的英语学习中，不仅仅要提高的是自己的英语听力能力，同时也要多读中文书籍，提高自己的汉语表达能力。还发现自己一个不足，那就是不会记笔记。不知道究竟应该如何去缩写一个单词或者一个重要的句子，这就导致在听完材料后，早已忘记前面的材料时什么了。自己也要提高这方面的能力，训练自己记笔记这门技巧。下学期我们依旧有这门课程，我希望通过下学期的学习自己的口译能力可以有所提高。希望老师在下学期可以给我们更多的教一些口译的技巧和理论，以及如何应对在口译过程中的突发状况，比如没有听清单词或句子后应该如何来处理。课后，主要是我们自己要做大量的练习，通过不断地练习来积累和总结。但是我认为最基础的还是要脚踏实地，打好听说读写的基础。

第五篇：会议口译实践报告

会议口译实践报告

会议口译实践报告1

作为一名口译专业的学生，我有幸参加了近期举行的一场国际会议的口译实践。这场会议是有关农村扶贫的题目，不仅有来自我所在学校的专家学者，还有来自国内外多个领域的代表。通过这次实践，我更加深入地了解了会议口译的难点与技巧。

一、准备工作

在会议开始前，我需要做好充分的准备工作。这一过程包括：

1、熟悉会议的主题和背景

了解会议的主题和背景是进行口译的基本前提。在此基础上，我可以对词汇和专业术语进行充分的准备。

2、学习相关知识和背景资料

通过学习相关专业知识和背景资料，我可以更好地理解会议的内容，为口译提供更好的帮助。

3、练习语言和口译技巧

口译需要有较强的语言功底，而且要有较强的口译技巧。通过阅读原文、尝试翻译和练习待用语言，我提高了自己的翻译能力。

二、口译实践

在会议进行时，我认真聆听演讲者的发言，并尽量准确地翻译成待用语言。在这个过程中，我发现以下几点问题：

1、掌握机器翻译软件的使用

某些口语表达强调词和方言口音很难选择正确的翻译语言，此时使用机器翻译可以提取一个大致翻译，然后将其转化以适应在口译时正常的语言。

2、不要过度依赖翻译辞典

当我们遇到不熟悉的词汇时，首先不应想到翻译字典。在口译中，我们需要考虑到文本的上下文及其相应的语言特点。

3、不要把自己的情感加入翻译

我们在口译过程中应该尽可能保持中立，不应加入自己的情感。提供清晰明了的翻译是我们需要做到的。

三、口译者的注意点

1、注意听众的反应

口译者不仅要翻译，还要注意听众的反应，及时调整自己的语速和表达方式。

2、注意自己的身体语言和声音

口译者的语言表达不是唯一的，我们的身体语言和声音也非常重要。我们要保持自己的自信并保持自己的冷静。

3、注意与演讲者的互动

口译者应该与演讲者保持良好的互动，在某些情况下，我们需要与演讲者交流以确保准确传达重要信息以及要传达的想法。

四、总结

口译是一项高难度的工作，需要进行充分的准备工作和实践。在这场国际会议的口译实践中，我加深了对口译难点和技巧的理解，并且更加确定了自己从事口译工作的'志愿。我相信，在今后的学习和工作中，我能更好地发挥自己的口译技能总的来说，口译是一项极具挑战性的工作，需要全面的能力和技巧，并且需要不断的实践和准备。在参加国际会议的口译实践中，我学到了很多关于口译的技巧和知识，同时也发现了需要提高的地方。在未来的学习和工作中，我将继续努力提高自己的口译技能，更好地完成口译任务，并为促进国际交流做出自己的贡献

会议口译实践报告2

近年来，随着国际贸易、政治、文化、科技的不断发展，会议口译成为了一项重要的工作。作为翻译人员，经常需要参与各种类型的会议，如政府会议、商务会议、学术会议等等，为与会者提供高质量的口译服务。本文以笔者的实践经验为基础，探讨会议口译的难点及应对策略。

一、难点解析

1、主题专业性强

会议主题通常是极其专业的，牵涉到政治、经济、技术等各方面的知识。作为口译人员，必须在熟练掌握两种语言基础上，具备领域知识的丰富储备，以保证译文准确无误。 2、快速反应

会议现场，演讲者的语速很快，而会议内容常常紧凑且瞬息万变，这要求口译人员必须迅速反应，准确无误地将演讲内容转译出来，保证与会者理解。

3、信息量大

会议中经常出现的术语、双关语等语言现象，需要口译人员在处理语言的'同事，亦能理解语言背景，在有限的时间内快速准确地掌握翻译需要的重点信息。

二、应对策略

1、提前准备

在领域知识方面，口译员可以提前了解相关资料，包括相关领域的专业词汇和相关政策法规等等。对于对于关键术语的辑译，在现场进行逐一卡控，并准备好逐个解释，这能加强我们的可靠性和信任度。

2、抓重点

会议中的信息量很大，相对于庞大的信息，口译员可以精炼译文，抓住演讲者的观点和建议以及利益相关者反馈，重点呈现其最核心信息，为受众提供清晰的译文。

3、认真态度

对于提出问题的双方，口译员需要态度认真，一定要迅速响应，再将问题推广大会；同时，口译员也要积极向组织方推荐专业人士参与到会议当中。

4、灵活应变

在实际操作过程中，特别是临场调整和协商时间、或应对突发状况，口译员需要具备良好的应变能力，以妥善应对各种突发事件；同时，不断进行口语练习和听力训练，提高自己的口译水平，以方便更好地为现场的受众服务。

三、总结

在国际交流中语言沟通已经过程的重要体验，会议口译在各个领域的应用也是日益重要，从以上的分析可以得出，会议口译将成为我们在知识交流上产生的有效技术，在我们准确、严谨的口译中实现了国际角色的提高和信息共享的发展。从而为实现全球化注入了新的动力和资源。我们需要不断地提高自己的能力，以更好地服务客户和机构，并为跨越语言和文化之间的壁垒做出贡献

综上所述，会议口译是一项关键技术，对于国际交流和知识共享具有重要的意义。作为一名口译员，需要具备良好的语言能力、精准的翻译技巧、认真的态度和灵活的应变能力，以确保现场的顺利进行。随着全球化的深入发展，会议口译将不断壮大其在各个领域的应用，同时也为我们提供了更广阔的机遇和挑战。因此，我们应持续提高自身的口译水平，为增进不同地区和国家的了解和合作做出更大的努力

会议口译实践报告3

一、实践背景

作为外语专业的研究生，我在大学期间接触了不少口译的课程，积累了一定的词汇和语言技能。而在参加国际会议时，我发现自己的口译能力还需进一步提高。因此，我选择了参与一场国际会议的口译实践，以检验自己的能力，挑战自己的极限。

二、会议情况

该国际会议是关于国际贸易的研究，参与者来自各个国家，主要使用英语进行交流。我是会议的中文口译，与另外两位英文口译同行，协同完成了整个会议。

会议共计两天，每天有数个专题讨论，涉及到国际贸易的政策、实践和未来趋势等方面的主题。所有演讲者都是熟知自己领域的专家学者，使用的语言难度相当高，而且许多术语并不是常用词汇，需要我们及时查找资料，才能完成口译任务。

三、口译实践技巧

1、细心聆听

在口译现场，我们需要非常专注地聆听演讲者讲述的内容，注意表达的`语言细节并正确翻译，这是完成口译任务重要的前提。

2、翻译技巧

对于长篇演讲，我们可以把内容分成小段并逐段翻译，这样可以避免漏译和错误翻译的发生。另外，对于术语和特定领域的词汇，我们需要尽可能事先进行了解和准备，这样可以提高翻译的准确性和流利性。

3、公正中立

作为口译，我们要保持公正中立的态度，不应根据自己的观点或思想扭曲说话人的原意，并注意不要在翻译中加入个人观点或评论。

四、心得感悟

通过这次参与国际会议的口译实践，我深刻地感受到了口译工作的难度和挑战。首先，我们需要对语言有一定的基础并不断练习，才能准确、流利地进行口译。其次，我们需要具有快速分析和反应的能力，以及对所翻译内容的深入理解和领域知识储备等。最后，我们也需要有信心和耐心来应对各种意外情况和挑战。

在这次实践过程中，我积累了丰富的口译经验，同时也发现了自己的不足之处。针对不足，我会进一步提高自己的语言水平，增强领域知识储备，并不断练习，以提升自己的口译能力

通过这次口译实践，我深入理解了口译工作的难度和挑战，同时也体会到了对语言水平、领域知识和思维能力的要求。作为一名优秀的口译，我们需要具备细心聆听、翻译技巧和公正中立的态度，同时也需要信心和耐心来应对各种意外情况和挑战。在今后的工作中，我将努力提高自己的能力，并不断完善自己的专业技能，以成为一名更优秀的口译人员