拜登川大演讲中英

第一篇：拜登川大演讲中英

美副总统拜登川大演讲（中英文对照）

Remarks by the Vice President at Sichuan University 美副总统拜登川大演讲

Thank you, all, very much.(Applause.)Mr.President, thank you for your gracious introduction.We have an expression in the United States Senate where I served for many years when we want to say something personal, we say, permit me a point of personal privilege.I would like to introduce you to two of my family members who I’ve brought along with me, my daughter-in-law Kathleen Biden and my granddaughter Naomi Biden.Would you guys stand?(Applause.)非常感谢在座各位。感谢习副主席亲切的介绍。在我就职多年的美国参议院，如果我们的议员要谈及个人事情，就会说：请容许我说点私事。在此，我要给大家介绍两位随我同行的家人，我的儿媳凯思林.拜登和我的孙女儿内奥米.拜登。你们俩能起立向观众致意一下吗？ gracious a.亲切的，优美的 privilege v.特权

It would be more appropriate to say Naomi brought me along with her since she’s a budding Chinese speaker, been taking Chinese for five years, so I’ve been listening to her on the whole trip.确切地说这次应该是内奥米带我到中国。她学习汉语五年了，一路上我都在听她翻译。appropriate a.恰当的

I want to again thank you very much.I had a wonderful few days in Beijing and a series of very positive and productive conversations with Chinese leaders.And I’m pleased to make my first visit to western China, which has played such an incredible, such an incredible role in this nation’s proud, proud history, and which today is the vanguard of Chinese--China’s high-tech future.我想再次表达我的谢意。在北京的几天我非常愉快，并且还与几位中国领导人进行了几次积极的、富有成效的洽谈。我也非常高兴能首次来到中国西部。中国西部在中国伟大的历史上起着非常重要的作用，而今是中国人的先锋——中国高科技的未来之地。incredible a.难以置信的 vanguard n.前锋，领导者

Two years ago, Sichuan province suffered one of the greatest natural disasters in China’s recent history.And the American people were inspired--were inspired by the way you all came together to help one another during that crisis.And I’m absolutely amazed as I drive around the city, and I’ll be moving out into the province later, after this speech--I’m amazed at how quickly you have rebuilt and you have recovered.两年前，四川省遭受了中国近代史上最严重的自然灾害之一。灾难之中中国人民团结一心共同抗灾，极大地鼓舞了美国人民。我坐车游览了这个城市，演讲后我还会到省内其他地方。看到你们如此地重建家乡，恢复生活，我感到震惊！absolutely ad.完全

The people of Chengdu, let me say simply that your hospitality has more

than lived up to your reputation as the “land of abundance,” so again, thank you so very much for that hospitality.在我看来，成都人民，你们的热情好客无愧于你们“天府之国”的美誉，在此，我对你们的热情再次表示感谢。

land of abundance 天府之国【abundance n.充裕，丰富】

It’s also great to be here on a university campus.I also want to thank our host, the university which counts amongst its alumni some of the most illustrious figures in recent Chinese history, including Zhu De and Ba Jin, both of whom are--one a literary icon;the other, one of the most illustrious figures, and a founding father of the republic.非常荣幸能来到四川大学演讲。在此我想向川大表示感谢。四川大学拥有中国近代史上最杰出的一些人物，包括文学巨匠巴金先生和中华人民共和国的缔造者之一朱德将军。alumni alumnus(男校友)的复数形式 illustrious a.著名的，杰出的 icon n.偶像

I’m also pleased to be joined today by--he’s already been introduced--but by our ambassador, our new ambassador Gary Locke whose grandfather came to the United States from Canton in the 1890s and toiled as a house servant in the United States in exchange for being able to get English language lessons.In less than two generations--two generations later, Gary Locke, his grandson, has served as the governor of his home state of Washington, the U.S.Secretary of Commerce and the chief of mission in one our most important diplomatic posts in the world.我很高兴此次我们的新驻华大使，已经介绍过的骆家辉先生能陪同我到川大访问。19世纪90年代，骆家辉大使的祖父从广东来到美国，他不辞辛苦做着一份仆人的工作，以换得学习英语的机会。在不到两代人的时间里——骆家两代之后，他的孙子骆家辉当选为家乡华盛顿州的州长、美国商务部部长以及在与美国拥有世界上最重要的外交关系的中国驻外大使。ambassador n.大使 toil v.苦干 n.辛苦 diplomatic a.外交的

I share this story with you not because it’s unique, but because it is uniquely American.While not every child or grandchild of an immigrant will reach the pinnacle of society as Ambassador Locke has, America continues to put such possibilities within reach of all those who seek our shores.我和大家分享这个故事，不是因其特别，而是因其具有独特的美国色彩。不是每一个移民的下一代或孙辈能像骆大使这样攀登到美国社会的顶峰，但美国一直为那些来寻梦的移民提供这样的机会。unique a.独特的 immigrant n.移民 pinnacle n.顶峰，极点

On my first visit to China, which was more than 30 years ago when I was a

young United States senator in 1979, I was with the first delegation of congressional leaders to visit China after normalization.We had several days of business with then Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping.It was a very different country then, but what was absolutely clear to me was that China was on the cusp of a remarkable transformation.30多年前，彼时我还是一名年轻的美国参议员，中美两国关系正常化之后，我随同国会代表团于1979年首次访问了了中国。我们与时任中国国务院副总理的邓小平先生举行了几天会谈。那时的中国与现在很不同，但我清楚地意识到中国正处于一次伟大的变革之初。delegation n.代表团 congressional a.国会的 normalization n.正常化 cusp n.尖端

remarkable a.非凡的

Changes were just getting underway.My first introduction here in Sichuan that would begin transforming a largely agrarian society into an engine of economic global and help lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty was--seemed to me clear at the time.That first visit came amid a debate in the United States of America similar to the one that exists today about how to view China’s emergence.Let me be clear--let me be clear: I believed in 1979 and said so and I believe now that a rising China is a positive development, not only for the people of China but for the United States and the world as a whole.一个处于变革之中的中国。此刻我也确信我首次造访的四川省，也会开始一场伟大的变革，它将从一个以农业经济为主的社会转变成全球经济的发动机，将会帮助千百万的人们摆脱贫困。今天在美国关于中国崛起的争论和我第一次访问中国时的争论一模一样。但我重申我的观点：1979年访问中国时我就相信，正如此刻我也坚信，中国的崛起不仅对中国人民，对美国和全世界都具有积极意义。agrarian a.农业的，耕地的

A rising China will fuel economic growth and prosperity and it will bring to the fore a new partner with whom we can meet global challenges together.When President Obama and I took office in January of 2009, we made our relationship with China a top priority.We were determined to set it on a stable and sustainable course that would benefit the citizens of both our countries.Our Presidents have met nine times since then, including very successful state visits in Beijing and Washington, and have spoken numerous times by telephone.中国的崛起将为世界经济的繁荣和发展提供动力，也意味着中国能与美国一起并肩应对全球挑战。2009年1月奥巴马总统与我正式就职时，我们就确定美中关系是美国最重要的外交关系。我们致力发展平稳持续、惠泽两国人民的双边关系。此后，包括在北京和华盛顿进行的国事访问，奥巴马总统和胡锦涛主席共会面九次，电话通话更是不计其数。fuel v.刺激；加燃料

n.燃料 prosperity n.繁荣

bring to the fore 在最前面【fore 前面】 priority n.优先；重点考虑的事情 sustainable a.能维持的

Direct discussions between senior policymakers and the personal ties that result from such discussions in my view over the last 35 years of conducting foreign policy are the keys to building cooperation.They're built on understanding.They allow us to better understand each other and allow us to define our interests in ways that are clear so that each one of us know what the other country’s interests are, and to see the world through the eyes of the other with the intention of preventing miscommunications and misconceptions that tend to fuel mistrust.在过去处理国际事务的35年中，我认为高层领导人的直接会谈和个人联系是美中外交合作的关键。从相互理解的角度出发，两国能更好地了解彼此，弄清彼此的利益，以对方的眼光看待世界，谨防造成误解，加深不信任。misconception n.误解 mistrust n.不信任

With that goal in mind, we have worked very hard to develop our cooperative partnership through more than 60 separate dialogues on issues of matter to both China and to the United States;and I would suggest to the world as a whole.秉持发展良好的双边关系的目标，两国致力于构建合作伙伴关系，并就关于美国和中国的重要议题进行了60多场对话。以我之见，世界各国都应以对话解决问题。

The premier forum is what we refer to as the Strategic and Economic Dialogue which brings together policymakers from across both governments to discuss a range of issues from trade barriers to climate change.But we also recognize--we also recognized immediately on starting that the importance more directly addressing security issues, as well.That's why in May we jointly launched the first Strategic Security Dialogue, a new channel for civilian and military leaders to discuss sensitive topics, including cyber and maritime security.That's why it’s also important that our military leaders work together, get to know one another--not just our political leaders, but our military leaders--as Admiral Mullen and General Chen have begun to do in their recent exchange of meetings.当前两国首轮论坛是美中战略与经济对话，通过论坛对话，两国领导人可以讨论从贸易壁垒到气候变化等话题。但我们也立即意识到两国应该开始就军事安全直接对话。因此在今年5月，两国联合举行了首轮美中战略安全对话，为政治领导人和军事领导人就网络安全和海洋安全等敏感问题进行讨论开辟了渠道。不仅政治领导人，两国的军事领导人也应该增进理解。正如最近美国海军上将马伦就与中国人民解放军总参谋长陈炳德进行会谈。premier a.第一的，最初的 jointly ad.共同 launch v.发起，使从事

sensitive a.敏感的

The fact is China and the United States face many of the same threats and share many of the same objectives and responsibilities.But because we sometimes view threats from different perspectives--that is China and the United States view them from different perspectives, our--or favor a different way in dealing with what we perceive to be joint threats, our generals should be talking to each other alongside with our diplomats, as frequently as our diplomats do.Like China, the United States has a huge stake in the prosperity and stability of Asia and the Pacific.事实上，中美两国面临许多共同的挑战也肩负很多共同的目标和责任，但有时从不同的角度来解读它们，或者说，我们倾向于用不同的方法来解决我们共同的威胁。两国的军事将领应随两国的外交官进行频繁的对话。同中国一样，一个繁荣稳定的亚太地区对美国有重大的利益。favor v.偏爱

perspective n.看法，观点 perceive v.意识到，理解 stake n.赌注，这里指“利害关系”

I look forward to visiting two other Asian nations on this trip.When I leave China, I’ll go to Mongolia and then to Japan.The United States--and I realize this occasionally causes some discomfiture--but the United States is a Pacific power, and we will remain a specific power--a Pacific power.我也期望着此次亚洲之行对其他两个国家的访问。结束对中国的访问后，我会前往蒙古人民共和国和日本。美国——尽管意识到这会带来麻烦，我仍重申美国是一个太平洋国家，并且将会是太平洋上一股重要的力量。occasionally ad.偶尔，间或 discomfiture n.困惑

Over the last 60 years, no country has done more than we have to ensure the stability and security of the Asian-Pacific region.And I’d respectfully suggest that has been good for China, allowing China to focus on domestic development and to benefit from a growing market.在过去60多年的时间里，没有任何一个国家能像美国这样竭尽所能地确保亚太地区的安全和稳定。中国致力于发展国内经济并受益于全球贸易的增长，我认为这也对中国有利。

America’s focus on this critical region will only grow in the years to come as Asia plays an even greater role in the global economy and international affairs.随着亚洲在全球经济和国际事务上发挥越来越重要的作用，美国未来会越来越重视亚洲这一关键地区。

critical a.关键的，重要的

As President Obama said in Tokyo during his first visit to Asia as President, and I quote: “The United States of America may have started as a series of ports and cities along the Atlantic Ocean, but for generations, we have also

been a nation of the Pacific.Asia and the United States are not separated by this great ocean, we are bound by it.”

正如奥巴马总统在他担任总统后首次亚洲行日本站所说：“美国也许在大西洋沿岸下修建了很多港口和城市，但一直以来，我们也是一个太平洋国家。太平洋并没有把美国和亚洲隔离开来，相反，它把我们联系在一起。”

That's why we’ve begun this dialogue, this Asia-Pacific Dialogue on issues--to expand cooperation in the region where we both live and operate.因此我们才就一些亚太事项展开对话，以增强这个我们共同活动的区域的合作。

Let me give you another example of our security cooperation.The United States and China are also working as international--with international partners to counter the threat posed by the spread of nuclear weapons, materials and technology, so called nonproliferation.Along with 46 other world leaders, President Hu honored us by joining President Obama and me at the Nuclear Security Summit in April of last year, and our nations are now collaborating on a center for excellence to provide nuclear security in China.再给大家讲一个美中安全领域合作的范例。美中两国与其他伙伴一道，致力于防核扩散，共同抗击核武器、核材料和制核技术扩散所带来的威胁。去年4月，胡锦涛主席与其他46位世界各国领导参加了奥巴马总统和我共同主持的核安全峰会。包括美国在内的一些国家正在一个核安全中心示范合作，以帮助中国提供更完善的核保障。nonproliferation n.防止核武器扩散 collaborate v.合作

In my discussions with Vice President Xi this week, I said we have to deepen our conversations on the world’s two primary nuclear proliferating challenges: North Korea and Iran.I know that China shares our concerns, but some of you may wonder why our focus--the focus of the United States is so intense.The reason is clear: If armed with nuclear weapons on long-range missiles, North Korea and Iran would pose a direct and serious threat to the security of the United States of America and our allies.It would present an existential threat.That is why--that is why we’ve been working with China and our international partners to maintain peace and stability on the Korean peninsula and to achieve a complete denuclearization of North Korea.And it is why as the Iranian government continues its illicit nuclear program, we have worked with a range of partners and international institutions to enact the toughest sanctions that Iran has ever faced.这周与习近平副主席会谈时，我建议我们应就世界无核化最主要的两个挑战，即伊朗和朝鲜，深入对话。我确信中国与我们一样忧虑核威胁，但也许你们会好奇，为什么美国会如此关注呢？原因很清楚：如果配备有携带核武器的洲际弹道导弹，伊朗和朝鲜会对美国及美国的盟友的安全构成直接严重的挑战。事关美国的生存安全。因此美国一直同中国，还有其他伙伴一道致力于朝鲜彻底无核化，以保证朝鲜半岛的和平和稳定。这也是美国与其他伙伴及国际机构一同实施迄今以来伊朗所面临的最严苛的制裁的原因——伊朗政府一直在违法发展核

计划。

existential a.有关存在的 denuclearization n.无核化 sanction n.制裁

Without vigilant implementation of these sanctions, Iran will evade the consequences of the actions and diplomacy will not be effective in stopping their nuclear program.So we will continue to look to China to send a clear message to Iranian leaders through its words and its deeds that they, Iran, must live up to their international obligations.如果不进行制裁，伊朗会继续发展核计划，而通过外交手段无法有效阻止伊朗的计划。因此我们一如既往期望中国向伊朗发出清晰的信号，让伊朗领导人通过语言和行动来证明他们完成自己的国际责任。

vigilant a.警惕的 implementation n.履行 evade v.躲避

There are many other security challenges that the United States and China share.From Afghanistan, to Pakistan, to the Sudan--and we have been and will continue to discuss our mutual interests and concerns.Continuing to develop our security dialogue and cooperation is the surest way to meet these joint challenges.从阿富汗到巴基斯坦和苏丹，美中两国面临许多共同的安全威胁。两国一直，也将继续就两国的共同利益和面临的挑战进行对话。而继续进行安全对话和合作是解决这些共同挑战最有效的方法。mutual a.共同的

第二篇：中国农村学子首登哈佛毕业演讲中英全文

中国农村学子首登哈佛毕业演讲

这位来自湖南农村的小伙何江是哈佛大学历史上第一位享此殊荣的中国大陆学生。他从全校数万名毕业生选拔中脱颖而出，在演讲中讲述了一个自己中学时代被毒蜘蛛咬伤的故事，进而推及到自己在哈佛大学所切身体会到的现金科技知识。他说：“作为一名科学家，积极地将我们所学会的知识传递给那些急需这些知识的人是多么的重要。”

美国东部时间2016年5月26日是哈佛的第365个毕业日，在这次的毕业典礼上，来自中国湖南的生物系博士生毕业生何江作为代表做了毕业典礼演讲。每年哈佛毕业典礼都会有三位学生做演讲，而今年，著名导演史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格作为今年的特邀嘉宾登台演讲。

何江是中国大陆首位登上该演讲台的学生。作为一名从湖南农村长大的生物学博士生，何江用他的亲身经历——被蜘蛛咬伤的往事讲起，说明知识传播、知识分布资源平衡的重要性。在演讲过程中，他面带微笑、镇定自若，向世界展示了中国学子的风采。

以下为演讲全文：

When I was in middle school, a poisonous spider bit my right hand.I ran to my mom for help—but instead of taking me to a doctor, my mom set my hand on fire.After wrapping my hand with several layers of cotton, then soaking it in wine, she put a chopstick into my mouth,and ignited the cotton.在我上中学的时候，一只有毒蜘蛛咬伤了我的右手，我去找母亲帮忙，但是她没有找医生，却把我的手放在火上面。她用酒浸过的棉纱绕着我的手缠了好几层之后，在我的嘴里放了一根筷子，然后点燃了棉纱。

Heat quickly penetrated the cotton and began to roast my hand.The searing pain made me want to scream, but the chopstick prevented it.All I could do was watch my hand burnone minute, then two minutes –until mom put out the fire.棉纱上的温度很快上来了，我的手也开始发烫。这股灼痛让我想要大叫，不过我嘴里含着的筷子让我叫不出来。我唯一能做的就是看着我的手骨，一分钟过去了，两分钟过去了，直到母亲熄灭火。

You see, the part of China I grew up in was a rural village, and at that time pre-industrial.When I was born, my village had no cars, no telephones, no electricity, not even running water.And we certainly didn’t have access to modern medical resources.所以你看到，我是在中国的一个小山村里成长的，在那个时候，并不发达。在我出生的那个年代，我们村没车、没电话、也没电，甚至都没有自来水！且理所当然地，我没有接触现代医疗资源的办法。

There was no doctor my mother could bring me to see about my spider bite.For those who study biology, you may have grasped the science behind my mom’s cure: heat deactivates proteins, and a spider’s venom is simply a form of protein.It’s cool how that folk remedy actually incorporates basic biochemistry, isn’t it?

当我被蜘蛛咬伤时，并没有医生可以来治疗我。对于学生物学的人来说，你也许能找到我母亲治愈背后所包含的科学原理：热量能够让蛋白质失活，而蜘蛛的毒液都是蛋白质组成的。将这个土方子和生物化学基础联系起来很神奇，不是吗？

But I am a PhD student in biochemistry at Harvard, I now know that better, less painful and less risky treatments existed.So I can’t help but ask myself, why I didn’t receive one at the time? 不过我现在是一个在哈佛学习生物化学的博士生，我现在知道了一个更好的、不那么痛、危险系数更小的治疗方法。所以，我忍不住问我自己，为什么那个时候我不能接受更好的治疗吗？

Fifteen years have passed since that incident.I am happy to report that my hand is fine.But this question lingers, and I continue to be troubled by the unequal distribution of scientific knowledge throughout the world.距离那个事故发生已经十五年了，我很高兴地告诉你们：我的手现在恢复地很好。不过这个问题在我心里萦绕了很久，我也时常会被科学知识分布的不均衡问题所困扰。

We have learned to edit the human genome and unlock many secrets of how cancer progresses.We can manipulate neuronal activity literally with the switch of a light.Each year brings more advances in biomedical research-exciting, transformative accomplishments.我们曾学习过如何编辑人类基因谱，揭示了许多关于癌症的秘密。我们能够轻松地操控神经元的活动。生物医药研究每年都会有很多进步和令人振奋的变革、成就。

Yet, despite the knowledge we have amassed, we haven’t been so successful in deploying it to where it’s needed most.According to the World Bank, twelve percent of the world’s population lives on less than $2 a day.虽然我们取得了很多成就，但是我们却不能将这些成就传递到最需要它的地方。据世界银行统计数据表明，世界人口的12%一天的生活费不到2美元。

Malnutrition kills more than 3 million children annually.Three hundred million people are afflicted by malaria globally.All over the world, we constantly see these problems of poverty, illness, and lack of resources impeding the flow of scientific information.每年都有三百万的儿童死于营养不良。全球有三亿的人收到疟疾的影响。在全世界，我们能看到无数的贫困问题，病痛问题以及资源匮乏导致科学信息不流通的问题。

Lifesaving knowledge we take for granted in the modern world is often unavailable in these underdeveloped regions.And in far too many places, people are still essentially trying to cure a spider bite with fire.救生知识在现代化的世界是理所当然的，不过在经济欠发达地区却是高不可及的。所以，在许许多多地方，人们还是用火来治疗蜘蛛的咬伤。While studying at Harvard, I saw how scientific knowledge can help others in simple, yet profound ways.The bird flu pandemic in the 2000s looked to my village like a spell cast by demons.在哈佛学习期间，我知道了科学知识是如何用简单的又深刻的方式帮助到其他人的。2000年的一次流感使我的家乡像被恶魔下了诅咒一般。

Our folk medicine didn’t even have half-measures to offer.What’s more, farmers didn’t know the difference between common cold and flu;they didn’t understand that the flu was much more lethal than the common cold.Most people were also unaware that the virus could transmit across different species.我们的民间治疗根本找不到解决办法。更严重的是，农民们不知道普通的感冒和流感之间的区别。他们不明白流感比普通的感冒要致命地多。他们中的大多数人都对病毒在动物种类间的传播没有概念。

So when I realized that simple hygiene practices like separating different animal species could contain the spread of the disease, and that I could help make this knowledge available to my village.所以我意识到简单的卫生治疗方法例如将动物隔离可以治疗这种病时，我可以用这种方式让我的家乡更快接受这种科学知识。That was my first “Aha” moment as a budding scientist.But it was more than that: it was also a vital inflection point in my own ethical development, my own self-understanding as a member of the global community.那是我作为生物科学家的第一次惊叹。不过也不仅仅就此而已：这也是我自身理念提升的至关重要的一个转折，也是关于我作为地球上一员的自我理解的转折。

Harvard dares us to dream big, to aspire to change the world.Here on this Commencement Day, we are probably thinking of grand destinations and big adventures that await us.哈佛鼓励我们有大梦想，去激励我们改变这个世界。在这个毕业日，我们也可以想象等待我们的伟大宏图。

As for me, I am also thinking of the farmers in my village.My experience here reminds me how important it is for researchers to communicate our knowledge to those who need it.Because by using the science we already have, we could probably bring my village and thousands like it into the world you and I take for granted every day.And that’s an impact every one of us can make!但是对于我来说，我还在想着我家乡的农民们。我的经历让我意识到，将知识传递给需要的人是多么重要。因为，运用我们所知道的知识，我们可以将知识传递到我的家乡和千万个像我家乡一样的地方带进这个我们在座每个人所习以为常的世界。

But the question is, will we make the effort , or not? 不过问题是，我们会不会尽力呢？

More than ever before,our society emphasizes science and innovation.But an equally important emphasis should be on distributing the knowledge we have to where it’s needed.很久之前，我们的社会就强调过科学和创新的重要性，但是同等重要的，我们应该强调将这些知识平等地传递给需要它的人的重要性。

Changing the world doesn’t mean that everyone has to find the next big thing.It can be as simple as becoming better communicators, and finding more creative ways to pass on the knowledge we have to people like my mom and the farmers in their local community.改变世界并不是说每个人都应该发现下一个伟大的东西。改变世界可以是简单的方式，比如成为一个更好的传播者，发现更多有创造力的传播知识给像我的妈妈和农民这样生活在未工业化地区的人的方式。Our society also needs to recognize that the equal distribution of knowledge is a pivotal step of human development, and work to bring this into reality.我们的社会也应当明白知识的平衡分布是人类进步不可或缺的一步，这需要我们的努力来实现。

And if we do that, then perhaps a teenager in rural China who is bitten by a spider will not have to burn his hand, but will know to seek a doctor instead.如果我们努力了，一个在中国农村的青少年被毒蜘蛛咬了的话，就不用再火疗而是去见医生了。

Thank you!谢谢！

---SG.YU

---2016.5.31

第三篇：美国副总统拜登四川大学演讲视频中英文

Remarks by the Vice President at Sichuan University Chengdu, China THE VICE PRESIDENT: Thank you, all, very much.(Applause.)Mr.President, thank you for your gracious introduction.We have an expression in the United States Senate where I served for many years when we want to say something personal, we say, permit me a point of personal privilege.I would like to introduce you to two of my family members who I’ve brought along with me, my daughter-in-law Kathleen Biden and my granddaughter Naomi Biden.Would you guys stand?(Applause.)It would be more appropriate to say Naomi brought me along with her since she’s a budding Chinese speaker, been taking Chinese for five years, so I’ve been listening to her on the whole trip.I want to again thank you very much.I had a wonderful few days in Beijing and a series of very positive and productive conversations with Chinese leaders.And I’m pleased to make my first visit to western China, which has played such an incredible, such an incredible role in this nation’s proud, proud history, and which today is the vanguard of Chinese--China’s high-tech future.Two years ago, Sichuan province suffered one of the greatest natural disasters in China’s recent history.And the American people were inspired--were inspired by the way you all came together to help one another during that crisis.And I’m absolutely amazed as I drive around the city, and I’ll be moving out into the province later, after this speech--I’m amazed at how quickly you have rebuilt and you have recovered.The people of Chengdu, let me say simply that your hospitality has more than lived up to your reputation as the “land of abundance,” so again, thank you so very much for that hospitality.It’s also great to be here on a university campus.I also want to thank our host, the university which counts amongst its alumni some of the most illustrious figures in recent Chinese history, including Zhu De and Ba Jin, both of whom are--one a literary icon;the other, one of the most illustrious figures, and a founding father of the republic.I’m also pleased to be joined today by--he’s already been introduced--but by our ambassador, our new ambassador Gary Locke whose grandfather came to the United States from Canton in the 1890s and toiled as a house servant in the United States in exchange for being able to get English language lessons.In less than two generations--two generations later, Gary Locke, his grandson, has served as the governor of his home state of Washington, the U.S.Secretary of Commerce and the chief of mission in one our most important diplomatic posts in the world.I share this story with you not because it’s unique, but because it is uniquely American.While not every child or grandchild of an immigrant will reach the pinnacle of society as Ambassador Locke has, America continues to put such possibilities within reach of all those who seek our shores.On my first visit to China, which was more than 30 years ago when I was a young United States senator in 1979, I was with the first delegation of congressional leaders to visit China after normalization.We had several days of business with then Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping.It was a very different country then, but what was absolutely clear to me was that China was on the cusp of a remarkable transformation.Changes were just getting underway.My first introduction here in Sichuan that would begin transforming a largely agrarian society into an engine of economic global and help lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty was--seemed to me clear at the time.That first visit came amid a debate in the United States of America similar to the one that exists today about how to view China’s emergence.Let me be clear--let me be clear: I believed in 1979 and said so and I believe now that a rising China is a positive development, not only for the people of China but for the United States and the world as a whole.A rising China will fuel economic growth and prosperity and it will bring to the fore a new partner with whom we can meet global challenges together.When President Obama and I took office in January of 2009, we made our relationship with China a top priority.We were determined to set it on a stable and sustainable course that would benefit the citizens of both our countries.Our Presidents have met nine times since then, including very successful state visits in Beijing and Washington, and have spoken numerous times by telephone.Direct discussions between senior policymakers and the personal ties that result from such discussions in my view over the last 35 years of conducting foreign policy are the keys to building cooperation.They're built on understanding.They allow us to better understand each other and allow us to define our interests in ways that are clear so that each one of us know what the other country’s interests are, and to see the world through the eyes of the other with the intention of preventing miscommunications and misconceptions that tend to fuel mistrust.With that goal in mind, we have worked very hard to develop our cooperative partnership through more than 60 separate dialogues on issues of matter to both China and to the United States;and I would suggest to the world as a whole.The premier forum is what we refer to as the Strategic and Economic Dialogue which brings together policymakers from across both governments to discuss a range of issues from trade barriers to climate change.But we also recognize--we also recognized immediately on starting that the importance more directly addressing security issues, as well.That's why in May we jointly launched the first Strategic Security Dialogue, a new channel for civilian and military leaders to discuss sensitive topics, including cyber and maritime security.That's why it’s also important that our military leaders work together, get to know one another--not just our political leaders, but our military leaders--as Admiral Mullen and General Chen have begun to do in their recent exchange of meetings.The fact is China and the United States face many of the same threats and share many of the same objectives and responsibilities.But because we sometimes view threats from different perspectives--that is China and the United States view them from different perspectives, our--or favor a different way in dealing with what we perceive to be joint threats, our generals should be talking to each other alongside with our diplomats, as frequently as our diplomats do.Like China, the United States has a huge stake in the prosperity and stability of Asia and the Pacific.I look forward to visiting two other Asian nations on this trip.When I leave China, I’ll go to Mongolia and then to Japan.The United States--and I realize this occasionally causes some discomfiture--but the United States is a Pacific power, and we will remain a specific power--a Pacific power.Over the last 60 years, no country has done more than we have to ensure the stability and security of the Asian-Pacific region.And I’d respectfully suggest that has been good for China, allowing China to focus on domestic development and to benefit from a growing market.America’s focus on this critical region will only grow in the years to come as Asia plays an even greater role in the global economy and international affairs.副总统：谢谢大家，非常感谢。（掌声）校长先生，谢谢你的亲切介绍。我曾多年担任美国参议员，在美国参议院，我们如果想提出个人看法，会采取一种表述方式，我们会说，请允许我提出一个个人特权问题（a point of personal privilege）。我想向你们介绍我带来的两位家人，我的儿媳凯瑟琳?拜登（Kathleen Biden）和我的孙女内奥米?拜登（Naomi Biden）。你们两个人请起立。（掌声）

如果说内奥米把我带到这里来，也许更恰当，因为她说中文已达到初级水平，她学了五年中文，我一路上都听她的。

我想再次向你们表示十分感谢。我在北京度过了非常愉快的几天，与中国领导人进行了一系列非常积极和建设性的交谈。我非常高兴首次前来中国西部访问。这个地区在贵国可引以为骄傲的历史上发挥了很了不起的作用，今天已成为中国高科技未来的先锋。

两年前，四川省遭受了中国近代史上最严重的自然灾害之一。你们在危机时刻同心同德、相互帮助的精神鼓舞了美国人民。我坐车经过成都各地时，感到万分惊讶，晚些时候，在我演讲完后，我还要去省里的其他地方参观——你们的重建和恢复如此迅速，实在令我惊叹。简而言之，成都人民，你们有“天府之国”的美誉，但你们的殷勤好客更令人感动。我再次对你们的热情好客表示深切的感谢。

来到大学校园，我感到很激动。我还要感谢接待我们的校方，在贵校的校友中有一些中国近代史上最杰出的人物，包括朱德和巴金，一位是文学巨匠；另一位是最杰出的人物之一，共和国的一位开国元老。

今天，我也非常高兴有——他已被介绍过了——我们的大使，我们的新任大使骆家辉（Gary Locke）在场。他的祖父在19世纪90年代从广东来到美国，通过帮佣换取上英文课的机会。在不到两代人的时间里——经过两代人，他的孙子骆家辉曾担任他所在的华盛顿州的州长、美国商务部长，现在又来到我国在全世界最重要的外交岗位之一担任使团负责人。

我与你们分享他的经历，并不是有什么其他原因，而是因为这是美国的独特之处。虽然并非外来移民的每一个子女或后代都能像骆家辉那样到达社会的顶层，但美国始终促使所有寻求移民美国的人都有可能做到这一点。

在30多年前的1979年，我还是一个年轻的美国参议员，当时曾随美中关系正常化后的第一个国会领导人访华代表团首次前来中国访问。我们同当时的副总理邓小平开展了几天的公务活动。当时的中国与今天大不相同，但对我来说已经绝对明确的是，中国正处于天翻地覆的大变革的最前沿。

当时，变革刚刚开始。根据我最初了解到的四川的情况，当时将开始一个把基本上以农业为主的社会改造成世界经济的一个引擎，并使亿万人民摆脱贫困的进程——当时，我已清楚地看到这一点。我第一次访华时，美国正在开展一场类似今天正在进行的有关如何看待中国崛起的辩论。让我明确表示——让我明确说明这一点：我在1979年相信并这么说过，我现在仍然相信，中国的崛起是一种积极的发展，不仅对中国人民是如此，对美国和整个世界也是如此。

中国的崛起将促进经济增长和繁荣，带来一个可共同应对全球挑战的新伙伴。2009年1月, 奥巴马总统和我就职时，我们将与中国的关系当作一项优先要务。我们决心使美中关系沿着稳定、可持续的轨道前进，造福于我们两国人民。自那时以来，我们两国的元首已举行过九次会晤，包括分别对北京和华盛顿非常成功的国事访问和多次通话。

凭我过去35年搞外交政策的经验，我认为高层决策者之间的讨论以及由此发展的个人关系是建立合作的关键。它们是建立在理解基础上。它们让我们更好地了解对方，让我们能够明确我们的利益，使我们每个人都知道对方国家的利益是什么，并且能够站在对方的角度看世界，避免往往会导致不信任的沟通失误和误解。

抱着这个目标，我们一直非常努力地发展我们的合作伙伴关系，展开了60多项专题对话，讨论事关中国和美国的问题，我可以说也事关整个世界。

我们所说的战略与经济对话（Strategic and Economic Dialogue)是一个主要论坛，它汇集了来自两国政府各部门的决策者，讨论从贸易壁垒到气候变化的一系列问题。但我们也认识到——我们一开始也立即认识到更直接解决安全问题的重要性。这就是为什么在5月我们共同启动了第一个战略安全对话（Strategic Security Dialogue)，一个为文职和军方领导人讨论敏感议题的新渠道，包括网络和海上安全。这就是为什么我们的军方领导人也必须一道努力，互相了解——不仅是我们的政治领导人，还有我们的军方领导人——马伦（Mullen)海军上将和陈炳德将军在最近的交流会上已开始这样做。

事实是，中国和美国面临许多同样的威胁，并具有许多相同的目标和责任。但是，因为我们有时从不同角度看待威胁——即中国和美国从不同的角度看这些威胁——或者我们喜欢用一种不同的方法处理我们所认为的共同威胁，我们的将军应该互相通话，和我们的外交官一道，并且像我们的外交官那样经常进行。和中国一样，美国在亚洲和太平洋地区的繁荣和稳定上都有重大利益。

我期待着在此行中访问另外两个亚洲国家。我离开中国后将去蒙古，然后到日本。美国——我知道这偶尔会导致一些困惑——但美国是一个太平洋大国，我们将继续是一个特定的大国——太平洋大国。

在过去60年里，在保证亚太地区的稳定和安全上，没有任何国家比我们做得更多。我谨要指出，这给中国带来了好处，使中国能够把重点放在国内发展，受益于不断扩大的市场。

美国对这一关键地区的重视在未来的岁月里只会增长，因为亚洲在全球经济和国际事务中发挥越来越大的作用。

正如奥巴马总统作为总统第一次访问亚洲时在东京所说，我援引他的话：“美利坚合众国虽然发源于大西洋沿岸的一系列港口和城市，但我们世世代代始终是一个太平洋国家。亚洲和美国并没有被太平洋阻断，而是被太平洋联系在一起。”

这就是为什么我们开始了这场对话，即关于诸多问题的亚太对话（Asia-Pacific Dialogue)——扩大在我们双方生活和运作的这个地区的合作。

让我再举一个我们安全合作的例子。美国和中国也进行国际的——与国际合作伙伴一道，对抗核武器、核材料和技术扩散所造成的威胁，即所谓的防扩散。与46个其他世界领导人一道，我们荣幸地请到胡锦涛主席与奥巴马总统和我一起出席了去年4月举行的核安全峰会（Nuclear Security Summit），我们两国正在就一个示范中心进行合作，为中国提供核安全。

在本周与习近平副主席的讨论中，我表示，我们必须加深对世界上两个主要的核扩散挑战的对话：北韩和伊朗。我知道，中国和我们一样担心，但你们有些人可能会问为什么我们的重视——美国的重视是如此强烈。原因很清楚：如果有了配备核武器的远程导弹，北韩和伊朗将对美国和我们盟友的安全构成直接和严重的威胁。这将是对存在的威胁。这就是为什么——这就是为什么我们一直与中国和我们的国际伙伴合作，维持朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定，实现北韩的完全无核化。这也是为什么随着伊朗政府继续其非法的核计划，我们与诸多合作伙伴和国际机构合作，对伊朗实施它所面临的最严厉的制裁。

如果不以高度的警觉采取这些制裁，伊朗将会逃避其行动的后果，外交也无法有效地阻止其实施核计划。因此，我们将继续期待中国通过言词和行动向伊朗领导人发出明确的信号，敦促伊朗必须履行其国际义务。

美中两国还面临着许多其他共同的安全挑战。从阿富汗、巴基斯坦到苏丹--我们已经并将继续讨论我们的共同利益和共同关心的问题。继续推进我们的安全对话与合作是迎接这些挑战的最可靠的途径。

经济问题无疑是我们两国日益加强合作特别强调的重点。我们正携手努力促进强劲、可持续且平衡的经济增长并推行自由和公平的贸易。

我们两国的贸易和投资正在两国间双向迅速发展，为两国创造就业机会和经济机会。我们常听说中国向美国出口产品，但去年美国国内公司向中国出口了价值1,100亿美元的商品和服务，维持了美国成千上万的工作岗位。希望美国人民和中国人民日益认识到，促进这一交流符合我们两国的共同利益。

一个更繁荣的中国将意味着对美国制造的商品和服务的需求增加，意味着美国国内就业机会增多。因此，我们希望你们繁荣，这不是因为出于某种崇高的目的；中国继续繁荣，符合我们自身的利益。

每一天都显而易见的是，作为世界两个最大经济体，随着投资和商务日益密切，你们所做的关系到我们，关系到美国人民。我们所做的关系到你们，关系到中国人民。简言之，我们任何一方的成功，对彼此利益攸关。

美国的财政政策保持在长期可持续的轨道上，不仅对美国，而且对中国、中国经济具有重要意义；同样，中国经济按第12个五年计划的要求，向更多地依赖国内消费需求转型，不仅对中国，而且对美国具有重要意义。

中国领导人曾对我所说，这个五年计划将要求他们采取一些措施，其中包括继续努力实现更灵活的汇率。这符合中国的利益，同时也完全符合美国的利益。

在目前全球经济动荡的时期，我们更应该共同采取艰难但必要的措施，并与我们的20国集团伙伴一道，继续维持全球复苏，创造就业机会和繁荣。我们作为全世界两个最大的发动机，能够做到这一点。今年5月，我在华盛顿每年一度的战略与经济对话（S&ED）开幕式上表示，“就全世界大部分的紧迫挑战而言，如果没有美中两国参与，解决问题的可能性就比较低，这已是不言而喻的事实。”

然而，即便是在我们合作之际，美中两国仍还将相互竞争，竞争是有益的。我们将在全球政治和全球经济领域进行竞争。这也是全球政治与经济的一大特点。这也是人类的本性，通过互相观察了解如何适应形势，争取最好的成绩，这对我们双方都很有益。真正的竞争促使公司，我们的公司和我们的人民更趋完善。我们应该放弃零和游戏的错误理念，不能认为一国取得的一切成就意味着另一国的损失。事实并非如此。

因此，毫无疑问，美国不但欢迎这种良性竞争，而且竞争是我们的社会和我们的经济体制根本结构的组成部分。尽管我可能有点偏向，但我对美国人民在一个公平竞争环境中与世界上任何国家和任何民族竞争的能力抱有绝对的信心。

但要使这种竞争给我们双方都带来利益，竞争就必须是在一个公平竞争的环境中进行，要有明确的、对所有国家都公平与一视同仁的规则。虽然美国和中国正在努力争取达到这点，但我们仍然面临着在对方国家里从事商务的障碍。正因为如此，我在这次行程中承认美国应采取措施，使中国商务人员能够更方便地获得赴美国旅行签证。签证花费时间太长。这不符合我们的利益。

虽然我们还在进行——这也是为什么奥巴马总统刚一就职便下令，几十年来第一次下令——我们正在进行我国出口管制制度的总体改革。我们已经向中国开放了旨在完全用于民用目的的数千种过去不允许出口的新产品，其中有些需获得许可证，有些则不需要。还有成千上万种更多的产品很快将获得出口许可。

这是我们出口政策的一项重大变化，是对美国某些人的意见的否定。他们认为，我们不应该出口那一类技术——供中国民用。我们不同意这种看法，我们正在改革。

但也正因为如此，一些情况令我们不安：美国的投资者在中国的许多行业中被禁止拥有自己的独资公司和独资分公司；在另一些行业，在其他行业完全被排斥在竞争之外；还有一些世界其他主要经济体不曾强加于我们或其他任何人的、范围如此之广的种种限制。正因为如此，我们积极要求中国官员保护知识产权。我们欢迎中国国务院最近的保护知识产权运动，这是胡锦涛主席访问美国时作出的一项承诺，他在履行这一承诺。但这项努力必须得到加强和延伸。

根据国际贸易委员会(International Trade Commissiom)的统计，美国企业因盗版商品和服务每年损失480亿美元和数万个工作岗位。这些保护——知识产权的保护不仅有利于美国和美国工人、美国公司，而且我认为也有利于中国的公司企业，因为他们会越来越力争保护自己的创新成果。

你们在这所优异的大学求学。保护知识产权十分符合你们的利益，因为你们中的一些人将成为未来的艺术家、未来的娱乐界人员、未来的发明家，将希望自己的劳动成果有市场。但如果那一切可以廉价地获取和剽窃，凭什么还会有人向你们购买同样的服务呢？

美国对全球安全，自由贸易和经济上公平的关注是长期的。自第二次世界大战结束以来，我们帮助建立了一个国际体系，它促进和平与稳定，使所有国家有机会分享全球繁荣，并制定保护所有公民基本人权的规则。

在我看来，中国的巨大进步可归功于中国人民的勤劳与智慧及其领导人的能力。但我谨要指出，一个促进稳定与繁荣、使所有国家能够发展提高的国际架构使这个成就成为可能。我知道，许多中国人、你们学生中可能有许多人相信，你们的国家将继续走向更加繁荣。我同样认为是这样。这是我的看法、我的预测。但我同时知道，你们当中有些人对美国未来的前景持怀疑态度。

因此，我希望指出，我尊重但不同意这种见解，让我解释一下为什么你们不必忧虑。我将提供一些背景信息，以便你们了解为什么美国人民也对自己的未来抱有信心。今天，美国是世界上最大的经济体，远远超过任何其他国家，国内生产总值（GDP）近15万亿美元，大约相当于排在第二位的中国的两倍半；人均国内生产总值4.7万多美元，是中国的11倍。我了解到有些中国人担心投资美国资产的安全。请理解，没有谁比我们更关心这种状况，因为美国人持有我们全部金融资产的87%以及我们全部国债的69%，而中国持有我们的金融资产和国债比例分别为1%和8%。

所以我们的利益不仅在于保护中国的投资，保护投资还关系到我们的总体利益。另外，美国从来没有违约——将来也永远不会违约。

我对我国经济的基本面也有信心。在这一点上，我认为习副主席讲得非常好。前天我们会见中美商界领袖时，他说：“美国经济极富韧性，且有很强的自我修复能力。”他说得对。我相信，在未来的经济竞争中，我们的准备甚至胜过以往。在20世纪，衡量国家财富的主要尺度是自然资源的丰裕程度、国土幅员、人口规模和军事力量。但我认为在21世纪，一个国家的真正财富在于国民的创造性思维和创新能力——开发的技术不仅催生新产品，而且能够创造和唤起全新的产业。美国的创新能力与生俱来。从一开始，它就是我们遗传基因的一部分。它使一代又一代美国人构想出改变世界的创意——从轧棉机到飞机，从微芯片到互联网，再如通用电气（General Electric）、福特（Ford）、微软（Microsoft）和谷歌（Google）等世界领先的公司。这样的例子不胜枚举。

我们之所以能够取得这些成就，不是因为美国人具有种独一无二的特质。很难界定美国人是什么样的人。简言之，50%的美国人口——不足50%的人口是欧洲人后裔。所以我们的国民具有难以置信的多样性。这是我们实力的一部分，也是美国人民无穷创造力的一部分。不过也有其他原因——我们的政治经济体制和我们教育孩子的方式具有经久不衰的力量。这种体制欢迎来自全球各地的移民，让我们的国家更加丰富多彩，为我们多元的跨种族社会增添活力。我还想指出，我们现在仍是世界第一的移民目的地。人们通常不会寻求迁移到衰落中的国家。

这种体制训练学生不仅学习和接受传统知识，而且挑战传统知识，挑战他们的教授，挑战他们听到的观点，鼓励个人思考和创新；这种体制不仅容许自由表达和积极辩论，包括公民和政府之间的辩论，而且赞赏和促进这种交流；这种体制的法律保护私有财产，提供可预期的投资环境，确保穷人和富人都承担责任；这种体制的大学依然是世界各地学者的最终目的地——当然，你们的学校也是一所了不起的大学。去年有13万多名中国学生就读我们的大学。我们希望这个数字进一步增加。

中国选择了非常不同的经济和政治道路迈向繁荣，增强了自由市场体系的某些方面，同时抵制政治上的开放，保持国家对经济事务的深度干预。这是你们做出的决定。

我们双方选择的路径的最大差异大概是我们对于什么是人权的认识。我认识到，在今天在坐的许多人看来，我们倡导人权的行动往好处说是多管闲事，往坏处说是侵犯你们的主权。我想直率地对大家说，这不是我们的意图。是的，对于美国人来说，我们的民主有明显的道义成分。我们也关注我们自己没有做好的地方。这种关注反映了美国人民的本质。然而，奥巴马总统和我也从更广阔的视角来看待保护人权和自由。保护中国在国际承诺和自己的宪法中阐明的那些自由——我们将之视为中国成功崛起的一个关键方面，也是中国持续增长和繁荣的一个关键方面。我知道，在中国有人认为扩大自由会破坏社会稳定，从而威胁经济发展。我不想假装知道答案，但我相信历史证明情况是相反的——从长远来看，更加开放是稳定的来源和实力的象征，最有利繁荣的情况是政府既鼓励自由创业又鼓励自由交流观点，自由使人民能够充分发挥潜能。缺乏自由则会产生社会动荡。

开放、思想的自由交流、自由企业以及各方面的自由等等，在我看来都是美国现在成为世界历史上最富有国家的原因。正因为如此，我国工人位于生产率最高的行列；正因为如此，我国发明家和创业者拥有的专利比世界上任何其他国家都多；正因为如此，我们正在对我们国力的根本源泉--教育、基础设施和创新进行再投资；正因为如此，奥巴马总统和我如此坚定地相信，美国将与以往经济危机时期一样，一如既往经受当前经济风暴的考验而变得更为强大；正因为如此，没有任何理由中国不能挖掘同样的力量源泉。

在共同向前进的道路上定会经历很多成长的烦恼。我在一开始就说过，仅在我首次访华以来的30多年时间里，你们就已取得了令人难以置信的进步。我在成都就可以看到这一点，这个城市为成为创新经济的主要角色走在最前列。人们可以感觉到这一点。从你们一些学生的眼神中可以看到这一点。

看一看在场的听众，你们中有一些人将成为中国经济发展过程中新的开拓者，在历史上留下你们的印记。就像美国苹果公司(Apple)创始人史蒂夫?乔布斯（Steve Jobs）等人那样，你们也有这样的能力和潜力，我相信你们中间的一些人会有这样的成就。

我还感到骄傲的是，有160多家《财富》世界500强公司（Fortune 500）在成都的高新技术产业开发区开展经营活动，包括因特尔（Intel）、戴尔（Dell）和甲骨文（Oracle）等开拓性的美国企业。美中关系在过去30年中取得了极大的改善。为了巩固这一坚实的伙伴关系，我们必须超越我们每天都在为之努力的华盛顿和北京之间的紧密关系，将各级政府以及教室和实验室、体育场和会议室都包括进来。

正是因为如此，我们发起了“十万人留学中国计划”（100,000 Strong Initiative），增加每年留学中国的美国学生人数，并保持了相当多的和平队（Peace Corps）人数。今天在这里有多少和平队志愿者？请你们举手。我们爱你们。欢迎。欢迎。（掌声）

第四篇：美国副总统拜登 四川大学演讲辞

Remarks by Vice President Joseph Biden on U.S.-China Relations Sichuan University Chengdu, China August 21, 2011

美国副总统约瑟夫∙拜登就美中关系发表的演讲 中国成都 四川大学 2011年8月21日

Thank you, all, very much.(Applause.)

谢谢大家，非常感谢。（掌声）

Mr.President, thank you for your gracious introduction.We have an expression in the United States Senate where I served for many years when we want to say something personal, we say, permit me a point of personal privilege.I would like to introduce you to two of my family members who I’ve brought along with me, my daughter-in-law Kathleen Biden and my granddaughter Naomi Biden.Would you guys stand?(Applause.)

校长先生，谢谢你的亲切介绍。我曾多年担任美国参议员，在美国参议院，我们如果想提出个人看法，会采取一种表述方式，我们会说，请允许我提出一个个人特权问题。我想向你们介绍我带来的两位家人，我的儿媳凯瑟琳∙拜登和我的孙女内奥米∙拜登。你们两个人请起立。（掌声）

It would be more appropriate to say Naomi brought me along with her since she’s a budding Chinese speaker, been taking Chinese for five years, so I’ve been listening to her on the whole trip.如果说内奥米把我带到这里来，也许更恰当，因为她说中文已达到初级水平，她学了五年中文，我一路上都听她的。

I want to again thank you very much.I had a wonderful few days in Beijing and a series of very positive and productive conversations with Chinese leaders.And I’m pleased to make my first visit to western China, which has played such an incredible, such an incredible role in this nation’s proud, proud history, and which today is the vanguard of Chinese--China’s high-tech future.我想再次向你们表示十分感谢。我在北京度过了非常愉快的几天，与中国领导人进行了一系列非常积极和建设性的交谈。我非常高兴首次前来中国西部访问。这个地区在贵国可引以为骄傲的历史上发挥了很了不起的作用，今天已成为中国高科技未来的先锋。

Two years ago, Sichuan province suffered one of the greatest natural disasters in China’s recent history.And the American people were inspired--were inspired by the way you all came together to help one another during that crisis.And I’m absolutely amazed as I drive around the city, and I’ll be moving out into the province later, after this speech--I’m amazed at how quickly you have rebuilt and you have recovered.两年前，四川省遭受了中国近代史上最严重的自然灾害之一。你们在危机时刻同心同德、相互帮助的精神鼓舞了美国人民。我坐车经过成都各地时，感到万分惊讶，晚些时候，在我演讲完后，我还要去省里的其他地方参观——你们的重建和恢复如此迅速，实在令我惊叹。

The people of Chengdu, let me say simply that your hospitality has more than lived up to your reputation as the “land of abundance,” so again, thank you so very much for that hospitality.简而言之，成都人民，你们有“天府之国”的美誉，但你们的殷勤好客更令人感动。我再次对你们的热情好客表示深切的感谢。

It’s also great to be here on a university campus.I also want to thank our host, the university which counts amongst its alumni some of the most illustrious figures in recent Chinese history, including Zhu De and Ba Jin, both of whom are--one a literary icon;the other, one of the most illustrious figures, and a founding father of the republic.来到大学校园，我感到很激动。我还要感谢接待我们的校方，在贵校的校友中有一些中国近代史上最杰出的人物，包括朱德和巴金，一位是文学巨匠；另一位是最杰出的人物之一，共和国的一位开国元老。

I’m also pleased to be joined today by--he’s already been introduced--but by our ambassador, our new ambassador Gary Locke whose grandfather came to the United States from Canton in the 1890s and toiled as a house servant in the United States in exchange for being able to get English language lessons.In less than two generations--two generations later, Gary Locke, his grandson, has served as the governor of his home state of Washington, the U.S.Secretary of Commerce and the chief of mission in one our most important diplomatic posts in the world.今天，我也非常高兴有——他已被介绍过了——我们的大使，我们的新任大使骆家辉在场。他的祖父在19世纪90年代从广东来到美国，通过帮佣换取上英文课的机会。在不到两代人的时间里——经过两代人，他的孙子骆家辉曾担任他所在的华盛顿州的州长、美国商务部长，现在又来到我国在全世界最重要的外交岗位之一担任使团负责人。

I share this story with you not because it’s unique, but because it is uniquely American.While not every child or grandchild of an immigrant will reach the pinnacle of society as Ambassador Locke has, America continues to put such possibilities within reach of all those who seek our shores.我与你们分享他的经历，并不是有什么其他原因，而是因为这是美国的独特之处。虽然并非外来移民的每一个子女或后代都能像骆家辉那样到达社会的顶层，但美国始终促使所有寻求移民美国的人都有可能做到这一点。

On my first visit to China, which was more than 30 years ago when I was a young United States senator in 1979, I was with the first delegation of congressional leaders to visit China after normalization.We had several days of business with then Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping.It was a very different country then, but what was absolutely clear to me was that China was on the cusp of a remarkable transformation.在30多年前的1979年，我还是一个年轻的美国参议员，当时曾随美中关系正常化后的第一个国会领导人访华代表团首次前来中国访问。我们同当时的副总理邓小平开展了几天的公务活动。当时的中国与今天大不相同，但对我来说已经绝对明确的是，中国正处于天翻地覆的大变革的最前沿。

Changes were just getting underway.My first introduction here in Sichuan that would begin transforming a largely agrarian society into an engine of economic global and help lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty was--seemed to me clear at the time.That first visit came amid a debate in the United States of America similar to the one that exists today about how to view China’s emergence.Let me be clear--let me be clear: I believed in 1979 and said so and I believe now that a rising China is a positive development, not only for the people of China but for the United States and the world as a whole.当时，变革刚刚开始。根据我最初了解到的四川的情况，当时将开始一个把基本上以农业为主的社会改造成世界经济的一个引擎，并使亿万人民摆脱贫困的进程——当时，我已清楚地看到这一点。我第一次访华时，美国正在开展一场类似今天正在进行的有关如何看待中国崛起的辩论。让我明确表示——让我明确说明这一点：我在1979年相信并这么说过，我现在仍然相信，中国的崛起是一种积极的发展，不仅对中国人民是如此，对美国和整个世界也是如此。

A rising China will fuel economic growth and prosperity and it will bring to the fore a new partner with whom we can meet global challenges together.When President Obama and I took office in January of 2009, we made our relationship with China a top priority.We were determined to set it on a stable and sustainable course that would benefit the citizens of both our countries.Our Presidents have met nine times since then, including very successful state visits in Beijing and Washington, and have spoken numerous times by telephone.中国的崛起将促进经济增长和繁荣，带来一个可共同应对全球挑战的新伙伴。2009年1月, 奥巴马总统和我就职时，我们将与中国的关系当作一项优先要务。我们决心使美中关系沿着稳定、可持续的轨道前进，造福于我们两国人民。自那时以来，我们两国的元首已举行过九次会晤，包括分别对北京和华盛顿非常成功的国事访问和多次通话。

Direct discussions between senior policymakers and the personal ties that result from such discussions in my view over the last 35 years of conducting foreign policy are the keys to building cooperation.They're built on understanding.They allow us to better understand each other and allow us to define our interests in ways that are clear so that each one of us know what the other country’s interests are, and to see the world through the eyes of the other with the intention of preventing miscommunications and misconceptions that tend to fuel mistrust.凭我过去35年搞外交政策的经验，我认为高层决策者之间的讨论以及由此发展的个人关系是建立合作的关键。它们是建立在理解基础上。它们让我们更好地了解对方，让我们能够明确我们的利益，使我们每个人都知道对方国家的利益是什么，并且能够站在对方的角度看世界，避免往往会导致不信任的沟通失误和误解。

With that goal in mind, we have worked very hard to develop our cooperative partnership through more than 60 separate dialogues on issues of matter to both China and to the United States;and I would suggest to the world as a whole.抱着这个目标，我们一直非常努力地发展我们的合作伙伴关系，展开了60多项专题对话，讨论事关中国和美国的问题，我可以说也事关整个世界。

The premier forum is what we refer to as the Strategic and Economic Dialogue which brings together policymakers from across both governments to discuss a range of issues from trade barriers to climate change.But we also recognize--we also recognized immediately on starting that the importance more directly addressing security issues, as well.That's why in May we jointly launched the first Strategic Security Dialogue, a new channel for civilian and military leaders to discuss sensitive topics, including cyber and maritime security.That's why it’s also important that our military leaders work together, get to know one another--not just our political leaders, but our military leaders--as Admiral Mullen and General Chen have begun to do in their recent exchange of meetings.我们所说的战略与经济对话是一个主要论坛，它汇集了来自两国政府各部门的决策者，讨论从贸易壁垒到气候变化的一系列问题。但我们也认识到——我们一开始也立即认识到更直接解决安全问题的重要性。这就是为什么在5月我们共同启动了第一个战略安全对话，一个为文职和军方领导人讨论敏感议题的新渠道，包括网络和海上安全。这就是为什么我们的军方领导人也必须一道努力，互相了解——不仅是我们的政治领导人，还有我们的军方领导人——马伦海军上将和陈炳德将军在最近的交流会上已开始这样做。

The fact is China and the United States face many of the same threats and share many of the same objectives and responsibilities.But because we sometimes view threats from different perspectives--that is China and the United States view them from different perspectives, our--or favor a different way in dealing with what we perceive to be joint threats, our generals should be talking to each other alongside with our diplomats, as frequently as our diplomats do.Like China, the United States has a huge stake in the prosperity and stability of Asia and the Pacific.事实是，中国和美国面临许多同样的威胁，并具有许多相同的目标和责任。但是，因为我们有时从不同角度看待威胁——即中国和美国从不同的角度看这些威胁——或者我们喜欢用一种不同的方法处理我们所认为的共同威胁，我们的将军应该互相通话，和我们的外交官一道，并且像我们的外交官那样经常进行。和中国一样，美国在亚洲和太平洋地区的繁荣和稳定上都有重大利益。

I look forward to visiting two other Asian nations on this trip.When I leave China, I’ll go to Mongolia and then to Japan.The United States--and I realize this occasionally causes some discomfiture--but the United States is a Pacific power, and we will remain a specific power--a Pacific power.我期待着在此行中访问另外两个亚洲国家。我离开中国后将去蒙古，然后到日本。美国——我知道这偶尔会导致一些困惑——但美国是一个太平洋大国，我们将继续是一个特定的大国——太平洋大国。

Over the last 60 years, no country has done more than we have to ensure the stability and security of the Asian-Pacific region.And I’d respectfully suggest that has been good for China, allowing China to focus on domestic development and to benefit from a growing market.在过去60年里，在保证亚太地区的稳定和安全上，没有任何国家比我们做得更多。我谨要指出，这给中国带来了好处，使中国能够把重点放在国内发展，受益于不断扩大的市场。

America’s focus on this critical region will only grow in the years to come as Asia plays an even greater role in the global economy and international affairs.美国对这一关键地区的重视在未来的岁月里只会增长，因为亚洲在全球经济和国际事务中发挥越来越大的作用。

As President Obama said in Tokyo during his first visit to Asia as President, and I quote: “The United States of America may have started as a series of ports and cities along the Atlantic Ocean, but for generations, we have also been a nation of the Pacific.Asia and the United States are not separated by this great ocean, we are bound by it.”

正如奥巴马总统作为总统第一次访问亚洲时在东京所说，我援引他的话：“美利坚合众国虽然发源于大西洋沿岸的一系列港口和城市，但我们世世代代始终是一个太平洋国家。亚洲和美国并没有被太平洋阻断，而是被太平洋联系在一起。”

That's why we’ve begun this dialogue, this Asia-Pacific Dialogue on issues--to expand cooperation in the region where we both live and operate.这就是为什么我们开始了这场对话，即关于诸多问题的亚太对话——扩大在我们双方生活和运作的这个地区的合作。

Let me give you another example of our security cooperation.The United States and China are also working as international--with international partners to counter the threat posed by the spread of nuclear weapons, materials and technology, so called nonproliferation.Along with 46 other world leaders, President Hu honored us by joining President Obama and me at the Nuclear Security Summit in April of last year, and our nations are now collaborating on a center for excellence to provide nuclear security in China.让我再举一个我们安全合作的例子。美国和中国也进行国际的——与国际合作伙伴一道，对抗核武器、核材料和技术扩散所造成的威胁，即所谓的防扩散。与46个其他世界领导人一道，我们荣幸地请到胡锦涛主席与奥巴马总统和我一起出席了去年4月举行的核安全峰会，我们两国正在就一个示范中心进行合作，为中国提供核安全。

In my discussions with Vice President Xi this week, I said we have to deepen our conversations on the world’s two primary nuclear proliferating challenges: North Korea and Iran.I know that China shares our concerns, but some of you may wonder why our focus--the focus of the United States is so intense.The reason is clear: If armed with nuclear weapons on long-range missiles, North Korea and Iran would pose a direct and serious threat to the security of the United States of America and our allies.It would present an existential threat.That is why--that is why we’ve been working with China and our international partners to maintain peace and stability on the Korean peninsula and to achieve a complete denuclearization of North Korea.And it is why as the Iranian government continues its illicit nuclear program, we have worked with a range of partners and international institutions to enact the toughest sanctions that Iran has ever faced.在本周与习近平副主席的讨论中，我表示，我们必须加深对世界上两个主要的核扩散挑战的对话：北韩和伊朗。我知道，中国和我们一样担心，但你们有些人可能会问为什么我们的重视——美国的重视是如此强烈。原因很清楚：如果有了配备核武器的远程导弹，北韩和伊朗将对美国和我们盟友的安全构成直接和严重的威胁。这将是对存在的威胁。这就是为什么——这就是为什么我们一直与中国和我们的国际伙伴合作，维持朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定，实现北韩的完全无核化。这也是为什么随着伊朗政府继续其非法的核计划，我们与诸多合作伙伴和国际机构合作，对伊朗实施它所面临的最严厉的制裁。

Without vigilant implementation of these sanctions, Iran will evade the consequences of the actions and diplomacy will not be effective in stopping their nuclear program.So we will continue to look to China to send a clear message to Iranian leaders through its words and its deeds that they, Iran, must live up to their international obligations.如果不以高度的警觉采取这些制裁，伊朗将会逃避其行动的后果，外交也无法有效地阻止其实施核计划。因此，我们将继续期待中国通过言词和行动向伊朗领导人发出明确的信号，敦促伊朗必须履行其国际义务。

There are many other security challenges that the United States and China share.From Afghanistan, to Pakistan, to the Sudan--and we have been and will continue to discuss our mutual interests and concerns.Continuing to develop our security dialogue and cooperation is the surest way to meet these joint challenges.美中两国还面临着许多其他共同的安全挑战。从阿富汗、巴基斯坦到苏丹--我们已经并将继续讨论我们的共同利益和共同关心的问题。继续推进我们的安全对话与合作是迎接这些挑战的最可靠的途径。

Economic issues--to state the obvious--have been a particular focus of our nations’ growing cooperation.Together, we’re working to promote economic growth that is strong, sustainable and balanced, and trade that is free and fair.经济问题无疑是我们两国日益加强合作特别强调的重点。我们正携手努力促进强劲、可持续且平衡的经济增长并推行自由和公平的贸易。

Trade and investment between our countries are growing rapidly in both countries, in both directions, creating jobs and economic opportunities in both countries.我们两国的贸易和投资正在两国间双向迅速发展，为两国创造就业机会和经济机会。

We often hear about Chinese exports to the United States, but last year American companies in America exported $110 billion worth of goods and services to China, supporting hundreds of thousands of jobs in America.The American people and the Chinese people are hopefully--are becoming aware that it’s in our mutual interest in each of our countries to promote that exchange.我们常听说中国向美国出口产品，但去年美国国内公司向中国出口了价值1,100亿美元的商品和服务，维持了美国成千上万的工作岗位。希望美国人民和中国人民日益认识到，促进这一交流符合我们两国的共同利益。

A more prosperous China will mean more demand for American-made goods and services and more jobs back home in the United States of America.So our desire for your prosperity is not borne out of some nobility.It is in our self-interest that China continue to prosper.一个更繁荣的中国将意味着对美国制造的商品和服务的需求增加，意味着美国国内就业机会增多。因此，我们希望你们繁荣，这不是因为出于某种崇高的目的；中国继续繁荣，符合我们自身的利益。

Every day it becomes clear that as the world’s two largest economies with ever growing ties of investment and commerce, what you do matters to us and matters to the American people.And what we do matters to you and to the people of China.To state it bluntly, we have a stake in one another’s success.每一天都显而易见的是，作为世界两个最大经济体，随着投资和商务日益密切，你们所做的关系到我们，关系到美国人民。我们所做的关系到你们，关系到中国人民。简言之，我们任何一方的成功，对彼此利益攸关。

Just as putting America’s fiscal policy on a long-term sustainable path is important not only to the United States but to China, to China’s economy, shifting China economy, which the 12th five-year plan calls for, to rely more heavily on consumer demand in China is not only important to China, but it’s important to the United States of America.美国的财政政策保持在长期可持续的轨道上，不仅对美国，而且对中国、中国经济具有重要意义；同样，中国经济按第12个五年计划的要求，向更多地依赖国内消费需求转型，不仅对中国，而且对美国具有重要意义。

As Chinese leaders have told me, this five-year plan will require them to take a number of steps including continuing their effort to move toward a more flexible exchange rate.It’s in China’s interest, but it’s also overwhelmingly in the interest of the United States.中国领导人曾对我所说，这个五年计划将要求他们采取一些措施，其中包括继续努力实现更灵活的汇率。这符合中国的利益，同时也完全符合美国的利益。

In this time of uncertainty in global--in the global economy, it is all the more important that we take the difficult but necessary steps together and along with our G20 partners continue to sustain the global recovery and create jobs and prosperity.We’re the two biggest engines in the world to be able to do that.As I said in May, when I opened the annual Strategic and Economic Dialogue in Washington, I said, “For many of the world’s most pressing challenges, it is a simple fact that when the United States and China are not at the table, the solution to the problem is less possible.”

在目前全球经济动荡的时期，我们更应该共同采取艰难但必要的措施，并与我们的20国集团伙伴一道，继续维持全球复苏，创造就业机会和繁荣。我们作为全世界两个最大的发动机，能够做到这一点。今年5月，我在华盛顿每年一度的战略与经济对话开幕式上表示，“就全世界大部分的紧迫挑战而言，如果没有美中两国参与，解决问题的可能性就比较低，这已是不言而喻的事实。”

But even as we cooperate, the United States and China also will compete, and competition is healthy.We will compete in global politics and global economics.And also--also it is a feature of global politics and economics.It’s also a feature of human nature to observe others, to consider how they measure up, to strive to be the best, that's good for both of us.Genuine competition pushes companies, our companies and our people to perform better, and we should reject the misplaced notion of the zero-sum game in which everything one nation achieves somehow comes at the expense of the other.It is the opposite.然而，即便是在我们合作之际，美中两国仍还将相互竞争，竞争是有益的。我们将在全球政治和全球经济领域进行竞争。这也是全球政治与经济的一大特点。这也是人类的本性，通过互相观察了解如何适应形势，争取最好的成绩，这对我们双方都很有益。真正的竞争促使公司，我们的公司和我们的人民更趋完善。我们应该放弃零和游戏的错误理念，不能认为一国取得的一切成就意味着另一国的损失。事实并非如此。

So make no mistake, America not only welcomes this healthy competition;competition is stitched into the very fabric of our society and our economic system.And while I may be a little biased, I have overwhelming confidence in the capability of the American people to compete on a level playing field with any nation and any peoples in the world.因此，毫无疑问，美国不但欢迎这种良性竞争，而且竞争是我们的社会和我们的经济体制根本结构的组成部分。尽管我可能有点偏向，但我对美国人民在一个公平竞争环境中与世界上任何国家和任何民族竞争的能力抱有绝对的信心。

But for this competition to benefit us both, it must take place on a level playing field with rules that are clear and treat all countries fairly and equally.Although the United States and China are working hard to get this right, we still face obstacles of doing business in each other’s countries.That's why I acknowledged on this trip the United States should undertake to make it easier for Chinese business people to obtain visas to travel to the United States.It takes much too long for that to happen.That’s not in our interest.但要使这种竞争给我们双方都带来利益，竞争就必须是在一个公平竞争的环境中进行，要有明确的、对所有国家都公平与一视同仁的规则。虽然美国和中国正在努力争取达到这点，但我们仍然面临着在对方国家里从事商务的障碍。正因为如此，我在这次行程中承认美国应采取措施，使中国商务人员能够更方便地获得赴美国旅行签证。签证花费时间太长。这不符合我们的利益。

And while we are in the midst--also it’s the reason why the President once he took office ordered for the first time in decades, ordered--we’re in the midst of a total reform of our export control system.Already, we have made thousands of new items available for export to China for exclusive civilian use that were not available before, some of which require a license, while others don't.And tens of thousands of more items will become available very soon.虽然我们还在进行——这也是为什么奥巴马总统刚一就职便下令，几十年来第一次下令——我们正在进行我国出口管制制度的总体改革。我们已经向中国开放了旨在完全用于民用目的的数千种过去不允许出口的新产品，其中有些需获得许可证，有些则不需要。还有成千上万种更多的产品很快将获得出口许可。

That's a significant change in our export policy and a rejection of those voices in America that say we should not export that kind of technology to--for civilian use in China.We disagree, and we’re changing.这是我们出口政策的一项重大变化，是对美国某些人的意见的否定。他们认为，我们不应该出口那一类技术——供中国民用。我们不同意这种看法，我们正在改革。

But it’s also why we are troubled when American investors are prohibited from having wholly owned, fully owned subsidiaries of their own company in many sectors in China and excluded from sectors, entirely excluded from competing in other sectors;restrictions that no other major economy in the world imposes on us or anyone else so broadly.That's why we have pushed Chinese officials to protect intellectual property rights.We have welcomed the Chinese State Council’s recent campaign to enforce intellectual property rights, a commitment that President Hu made when he visited and he’s keeping.But the effort must be strengthened and extended.但也正因为如此，一些情况令我们不安：美国的投资者在中国的许多行业中被禁止拥有自己的独资公司和独资分公司；在另一些行业，在其他行业完全被排斥在竞争之外；还有一些世界其他主要经济体不曾强加于我们或其他任何人的、范围如此之广的种种限制。正因为如此，我们积极要求中国官员保护知识产权。我们欢迎中国国务院最近的保护知识产权运动，这是胡锦涛主席访问美国时作出的一项承诺，他在履行这一承诺。但这项努力必须得到加强和延伸。

According to the International Trade Commission, American companies lose $48 billion a year and tens of thousands of jobs because of pirated goods and services.These protections--intellectual property protections not only benefit the United States and United States workers, United States companies, but I would argue Chinese companies, as well, as they increasingly seek to safeguard their own creations.根据国际贸易委员会的统计，美国企业因盗版商品和服务每年损失480亿美元和数万个工作岗位。这些保护——知识产权的保护不仅有利于美国和美国工人、美国公司，而且我认为也有利于中国的公司企业，因为他们会越来越力争保护自己的创新成果。

You’re here at this great university.It’s very much in your interest that intellectual property be protected because some of you are the future artists, the future entertainers, the future innovators who will want to be able to have a market for what you do.But if it can be acquired cheaply and pirated, why would anybody pay you for the same service?

你们在这所优异的大学求学。保护知识产权十分符合你们的利益，因为你们中的一些人将成为未来的艺术家、未来的娱乐界人员、未来的发明家，将希望自己的劳动成果有市场。但如果那一切可以廉价地获取和剽窃，凭什么还会有人向你们购买同样的服务呢？

America’s focus on global security, free trade and economic fairness is longstanding.Since the end of World War II, we’ve helped build an international system that promotes peace and stability, gives all states the opportunity to share in global prosperity and provides rules to protect the basic human rights of all citizens.美国对全球安全，自由贸易和经济上公平的关注是长期的。自第二次世界大战结束以来，我们帮助建立了一个国际体系，它促进和平与稳定，使所有国家有机会分享全球繁荣，并制定保护所有公民基本人权的规则。

China’s tremendous progress in my view can be attributed to the industriousness and talent of the Chinese people, as well as its leadership.But it was made possible, I respectfully suggest, by an international architecture that promoted stability and prosperity and enables upward mobility for all countries.I know that many Chinese and probably many of you students believe that your nation will continue on a path of greater prosperity.I agree that it will.That is my view, my prediction.But I also know that some of you are skeptical about America’s future prospects.在我看来，中国的巨大进步可归功于中国人民的勤劳与智慧及其领导人的能力。但我谨要指出，一个促进稳定与繁荣、使所有国家能够发展提高的国际架构使这个成就成为可能。我知道，许多中国人、你们学生中可能有许多人相信，你们的国家将继续走向更加繁荣。我同样认为是这样。这是我的看法、我的预测。但我同时知道，你们当中有些人对美国未来的前景持怀疑态度。

With that in view, I would like to suggest that I respectfully disagree with that view and will allay your concerns.Let me put this in perspective so you can understand why the American people are also confident about their future.America today is by far the world’s largest economy with a GDP of almost $15 trillion, about two and a half times as large as China’s, the second largest;with a per-capita GDP which is more than $47,000--11 times that of China’s.I’ve read that some Chinese are concerned about the safety of your investments in American assets.Please understand, no one cares more about this than we do since Americans own 87 percent of all our financial assets and 69 percent of all our treasury bonds, while China owns 1 percent of our financial assets and 8 percent of our treasury bills respectively.因此，我希望指出，我尊重但不同意这种见解，让我解释一下为什么你们不必忧虑。我将提供一些背景信息，以便你们了解为什么美国人民也对自己的未来抱有信心。今天，美国是世界上最大的经济体，远远超过任何其他国家，国内生产总值（GDP）近15万亿美元，大约相当于排在第二位的中国的两倍半；人均国内生产总值4.7万多美元，是中国的11倍。我了解到有些中国人担心投资美国资产的安全。请理解，没有谁比我们更关心这种状况，因为美国人持有我们全部金融资产的87%以及我们全部国债的69%，而中国持有我们的金融资产和国债比例分别为1%和8%。

So our interest is not just to protect Chinese investment.We have an overarching interest in protecting the investment, while the United States has never defaulted--and never will default.所以我们的利益不仅在于保护中国的投资，保护投资还关系到我们的总体利益。另外，美国从来没有违约——将来也永远不会违约。

I also have confidence in the fundamentals of our economy.Vice President Xi said it best I think when he told a group of Chinese and American business leaders with whom we met the day before yesterday, and I quote him, he said, “the U.S.economy is highly resilient and has a strong capacity to repair itself.” He is right.I believe America is even better equipped to compete in the economy of the future than it was of the economy of the past.In the 20th century, the wealth of nation was primarily measured by the abundance of its natural resources, the expanse of its landmass, the size of its population and the potency of its army.But I believe in the 21st century, the true wealth of a nation will be found in the creative minds of its people and their ability to innovate--to develop the technologies that will not only spawn new products, but create and awaken entire new industries.The United States is hardwired for innovation.It’s part of our DNA from our earliest days.It has enabled generation after generation of Americans to give life to world-changing ideas--from the cotton gin, to the airplane, to the microchip, to the Internet, to the world-leading companies like General Electric, Ford, Microsoft and Google.And I could go on and on.我对我国经济的基本面也有信心。在这一点上，我认为习副主席讲得非常好。前天我们会见中美商界领袖时，他说：“美国经济极富韧性，且有很强的自我修复能力。”他说得对。我相信，在未来的经济竞争中，我们的准备甚至胜过以往。在20世纪，衡量国家财富的主要尺度是自然资源的丰裕程度、国土幅员、人口规模和军事力量。但我认为在21世纪，一个国家的真正财富在于国民的创造性思维和创新能力——开发的技术不仅催生新产品，而且能够创造和唤起全新的产业。美国的创新能力与生俱来。从一开始，它就是我们遗传基因的一部分。它使一代又一代美国人构想出改变世界的创意——从轧棉机到飞机，从微芯片到互联网，再如通用电气、福特、微软和谷歌等世界领先的公司。这样的例子不胜枚举。

These accomplishments were made possible not because there’s anything unique about an American.It’s hard to define what an American is.Shortly, 50 percent of the American population--less than 50 percent will be of European stock.So we are the most--we are an incredibly heterogeneous nation.That's part of our strength.That's part of the boundless capacity of the American people.But it’s also because of the enduring strength of our political and economic system and the way we educate our children, a system that welcomes immigrants from across the globe who enrich our national fabric and revitalize our diverse multi-ethnic society.And I would point out, we are still the destination where most people in the world seek to come.People usually don't seek to come to a nation in decline.我们之所以能够取得这些成就，不是因为美国人具有种独一无二的特质。很难界定美国人是什么样的人。简言之，50%的美国人口——不足50%的人口是欧洲人后裔。所以我们的国民具有难以置信的多样性。这是我们实力的一部分，也是美国人民无穷创造力的一部分。不过也有其他原因——我们的政治经济体制和我们教育孩子的方式具有经久不衰的力量。这种体制欢迎来自全球各地的移民，让我们的国家更加丰富多彩，为我们多元的跨种族社会增添活力。我还想指出，我们现在仍是世界第一的移民目的地。人们通常不会寻求迁移到衰落中的国家。

A system that trains students not merely to learn and accept established orthodoxy, but to challenge orthodoxy, challenge their professors, challenge the ideas put forward to them, encourage individual thought and innovation;a system that not only tolerates free expression and vigorous debate, including between citizens and their government, but celebrates and promotes those exchanges;a system in which the rule of law protects private property, provides a predictable investment climate, and ensures accountability for the poor and wealthy alike;and a system with universities that remain--notwithstanding, and this is a great university--the ultimate destination for scholars from around the world.More than 130 thousand students from China attended our universities last year.We’re hoping that number will be even larger.这种体制训练学生不仅学习和接受传统知识，而且挑战传统知识，挑战他们的教授，挑战他们听到的观点，鼓励个人思考和创新；这种体制不仅容许自由表达和积极辩论，包括公民和政府之间的辩论，而且赞赏和促进这种交流；这种体制的法律保护私有财产，提供可预期的投资环境，确保穷人和富人都承担责任；这种体制的大学依然是世界各地学者的最终目的地——当然，你们的学校也是一所了不起的大学。去年有13万多名中国学生就读我们的大学。我们希望这个数字进一步增加。

China has followed a very different economic and political path to prosperity, enhancing some aspects of a free-market system, while resisting political openness and maintaining the state’s deep involvement in economic affairs.That's a decision for you to make.中国选择了非常不同的经济和政治道路迈向繁荣，增强了自由市场体系的某些方面，同时抵制政治上的开放，保持国家对经济事务的深度干预。这是你们做出的决定。

Maybe the biggest difference in our respective approaches are our approaches to what we refer to as human rights.I recognize that many of you in this auditorium see our advocacy of human rights as at best an intrusion, and at worst an assault on your sovereignty.I want to tell you directly that this is not our intention.Yes, for Americans there is a significant moral component to our advocacy.And we observed where we have failed, as well.But it is who our people are.我们双方选择的路径的最大差异大概是我们对于什么是人权的认识。我认识到，在今天在坐的许多人看来，我们倡导人权的行动往好处说是多管闲事，往坏处说是侵犯你们的主权。我想直率地对大家说，这不是我们的意图。是的，对于美国人来说，我们的民主有明显的道义成分。我们也关注我们自己没有做好的地方。这种关注反映了美国人民的本质。

But President Obama and I see protecting human rights and freedoms, we see it in a larger context, as well.Protecting freedoms such as those enshrined in China’s international commitments and in China’s own constitution--we see them as a key aspect of China’s successful emergence and the key continued growth and prosperity.I know that some in China believe that greater freedom could threaten economic progress by undermining social stability.I do not pretend to have the answer, but I believe history has shown the opposite to be true, that in the long run, greater openness is a source of stability and a sign of strength, that prosperity peaks when governments foster both free enterprise and free exchange of ideas, that liberty unlocks a people’s full potential.And in its absence, unrest festers.然而，奥巴马总统和我也从更广阔的视角来看待保护人权和自由。保护中国在国际承诺和自己的宪法中阐明的那些自由——我们将之视为中国成功崛起的一个关键方面，也是中国持续增长和繁荣的一个关键方面。我知道，在中国有人认为扩大自由会破坏社会稳定，从而威胁经济发展。我不想假装知道答案，但我相信历史证明情况是相反的——从长远来看，更加开放是稳定的来源和实力的象征，最有利繁荣的情况是政府既鼓励自由创业又鼓励自由交流观点，自由使人民能够充分发挥潜能。缺乏自由则会产生社会动荡。

Openness, free exchange of ideas, free enterprise and liberty are among the reasons why the United States, in my view, is at this moment the wealthiest nation in the history of the world.It’s why our workers are among the most productive, why our inventors and entrepreneurs hold more patents than any other country in the world, why we are reinvesting in the fundamental sources of our strength--education, infrastructure, innovation, and why President Obama and I are so confident that America will weather the current economic storm and emerge even stronger, just as we always have in past economic crises, and why there’s no reason why China cannot tap into the same source of strength.开放、思想的自由交流、自由企业以及各方面的自由等等，在我看来都是美国现在成为世界历史上最富有国家的原因。正因为如此，我国工人位于生产率最高的行列；正因为如此，我国发明家和创业者拥有的专利比世界上任何其他国家都多；正因为如此，我们正在对我们国力的根本源泉--教育、基础设施和创新进行再投资；正因为如此，奥巴马总统和我如此坚定地相信，美国将与以往经济危机时期一样，一如既往经受当前经济风暴的考验而变得更为强大；正因为如此，没有任何理由中国不能挖掘同样的力量源泉。

Going forward together is going to have a lot of growing pains.As I said at the outset, in just over 30 years since I first came to China, your progress has been nothing short of incredible.I can see that here in Chengdu, the city that is leading the effort to become a major player in the innovation economy, you can feel it.You can see it in the eyes of some of you students.在共同向前进的道路上定会经历很多成长的烦恼。我在一开始就说过，仅在我首次访华以来的30多年时间里，你们就已取得了令人难以置信的进步。我在成都就可以看到这一点，这个城市为成为创新经济的主要角色走在最前列。人们可以感觉到这一点。从你们一些学生的眼神中可以看到这一点。

Looking at this audience, there are some among you who will be the new pioneers in China’s economic development, leaving your mark on history.Just like Steve Jobs, the founder of Apple and others have had in the United States, you have the capacity and the potential and I’m sure some of you will do it.看一看在场的听众，你们中有一些人将成为中国经济发展过程中新的开拓者，在历史上留下你们的印记。就像美国苹果公司创始人史蒂夫∙乔布斯等人那样，你们也有这样的能力和潜力，我相信你们中间的一些人会有这样的成就。

I’m also proud that more than 160 Fortune 500 companies are operating in Chengdu High-tech Zone, including pioneer American businesses like Intel, Dell and Oracle.The U.S.-China relationship has also improved dramatically in the past 30 years.In order to cement this robust partnership, we have to go beyond close ties between Washington and Beijing, which we’re working on every day, go beyond it to include all levels of government, go beyond it to include classrooms and laboratories, athletic fields and boardrooms.我还感到骄傲的是，有160多家《财富》世界500强公司在成都的高新技术产业开发区开展经营活动，包括因特尔、戴尔和甲骨文等开拓性的美国企业。美中关系在过去30年中取得了极大的改善。为了巩固这一坚实的伙伴关系，我们必须超越我们每天都在为之努力的华盛顿和北京之间的紧密关系，将各级政府以及教室和实验室、体育场和会议室都包括进来。

That's why we launched our 100,000 Strong Initiative to boost the number of American students studying in China each year and have maintained a robust Peace Corps presence.How many Peace Corps volunteers are here today? Raise your hands.We love you guys.Welcome.Welcome.(Applause.)

正是因为如此，我们发起了“十万人留学中国计划”，增加每年留学中国的美国学生人数，并保持了相当多的和平队人数。今天在这里有多少和平队志愿者？请你们举手。我们爱你们。欢迎。欢迎。（掌声）

Last year, over 800,000 Chinese and 2 million Americans traveled between our countries to live, work, study and explore new places.On a personal note, I've seen the value of these exchanges through the experiences of my niece, a young woman who learned Mandarin at Harvard and spent a year in Beijing refining her language skills and ultimately worked at our Treasury Department on U.S.-China relations.There are tens of thousands of you like her, who are going to be the key to cement this relationship and deal with misconception and form the relevant societies about the motivations and operations of each of our countries.去年，80多万中国人和200万美国人去对方国家生活、工作、学习和探索新的地方。就我个人来说，我通过我年轻的外甥女的经历看到了这种交流的价值。她在哈佛大学学习普通话，后又在北京学习了一年，提高她的中文语言技能，最后到我国财政部从事美中关系方面的工作。你们中有成千上万的人会像她那样，为巩固两国关系，消除误解，建立关于我们两国的意图和运行的学社发挥重要作用。

These ties among our people are the life blood of our emerging partnership.The bottom line is this: As great nations and as global actors, the United States and China face many of the same challenges and share many of the same responsibilities.And the more we can work together, the more our people will benefit and--as I said before it sounds chauvinistic, but the more the world will benefit as a consequence of our cooperation.我们人民之间的纽带是我们新兴伙伴关系的生命力。归根结底，作为大国和全球要角，美国和中国面临了许多相同的挑战，也分担了许多同样的责任。我们越是互相合作，我们的人民就越能从中受益──我之前说过，这似乎有些沙文主义，但是全世界也能因我们的合作获得更多的利益。

President Obama and I will continue the important work of making this partnership even more positive, cooperative and comprehensive in the coming years.And I hope--I hope that my visit can serve as a step toward these goals and toward strengthening that bond.奥巴马总统和我将继续从事这项重要事业，今后使这个伙伴关系更积极、更合作和更全面。我希望我的访问能朝着这些目标并为加强相互联系迈进一步。

So I thank you all for the honor of being here.More importantly, I thank you for taking the time to listen.我今天很荣幸来到此地，感谢你们大家。更重要的，我谢谢你们花时间聆听。

And with the permission of your president--they tell me I don't have any time, but I never like to leave a university without at least taking a few questions.So I hope it’s permissible for me to able to take a few questions from the audience.Is that permissible, Mr.President.Is that okay? All, right.Thank you.在得到贵校校长许可的情况下──他们告诉我已经没有时间了，可是我从来不想在没有至少回答几个问题之前离开一所大学。所以我希望能够让我回答听众的几个问题。你允许吗，校长先生？是否可以？ 好的。谢谢你。

As you can see as Vice President, I’m used to always checking with presidents first.(Laughter.)I’d be happy to take a couple questions.My staff is going to get angry if I take too much time.But, please, there’s microphones in both aisles, I guess.And I--I can’t see with the light.Gentleman all the way in the back waving both hands.It must be important.你们可以看到，作为副总统，我总是习惯先向总统（校长）请示。（笑声。）我很高兴回答几个问题。如果我花太多时间，我的工作人员会生气的。现在请提问，我想两边走道应该都有麦克风。我──我这里太亮，看不清楚。

Q: Good morning, Mr.President [sic].And I’m a--student from the medical school of Sichuan University.But my question is about economy first.And as you know that the China holds about $1 trillion U.S.bonds of treasury bonds.And that much money--actually the value is uncertain because of the downgrade of U.S.credit rating.You seem to have instilled the confidence of the U.S.financial well-being into young people today because I heard you say that the U.S.economy is really resilient.And--but words alone cannot ease the mounting concern over the safety of China’s assets.So we would like to hear more about what measures you’re going to implement to reduce those deficits and redeem the financial strength of America.THE VICE PRESIDENT: It’s a very good question.One of the multiple rating agencies reduced our rating from AAA to--plus--come down one notch.And that was very disturbing and bothersome to us, and we have to deal with is.副总统：这个问题提得很好。多家评级机构中有一家把我们的信贷评级从AAA下调了一级。这件事造成了一些困扰，对我们来说是个麻烦，我们不得不应对。

We do have a deficit that I was asked by the President to head up a commission to try to deal with that deficit.And we made some significant progress, but not the progress we could have made and will make.The bottom line is we have to deal with two elements of our economy.One is what we call entitlement programs--long-term commitments to our people in the area of particularly Medicare.That is the safety net we have for people once they reach the age of 65 to be able to be assured that they have health care.我们的财政确实有赤字，奥巴马总统请我主持一个委员会来努力管理这项赤字。我们取得了一些重大进展，但还没有取得我们本应取得和即将取得的进展。最根本的是，我们必须调整我国经济中的两个要素。一个是我们所说的“福利计划”，特别是在联邦老年医保计划方面向美国人民作出的长期承诺。该计划是我们为老年人提供的医疗保障，也就是年满65岁即可享受的医疗保险。

And it is not sustainable without some changes in large part because we had what we call a baby boom, which doesn’t sound like much to Chinese--40 million people is not a big deal, I know.(Laughter.)But adding 40 million people to those who will benefit from the Medicare--Medicaid payment--Medicare payments has put the program in a position where changes have to be made.如果不进行某些改变，该计划将无法持续，主要原因是我们曾经有过一个所谓的“婴儿潮”，这一时期出生的人有4,000万，我知道对中国人来说这不算多，没什么大不了。（笑声）但是，如果联邦老年医保计划的受益者再增加4,000万人，就会入不敷出，因此必须对该计划作出改变。

It’s easy to make those changes, and we had a tentative agreement to do that between the major political leaders of the Republican Party and the Democratic Party and the administration.But there is a group within the Republican Party that is a very strong voice now that did--wanted different changes, and so that deal fell through at the very end.要实现这些变革并不难，共和党和民主党的主要领导人以及奥巴马政府之间曾经达成一个初步协议。但共和党内部现在有一群嗓门很大的人，他们要求作出另外的改变，因此这项交易在最后关头夭折了。

What we ended up doing is setting up a system whereby we did cut by $1.2 trillion upfront, the deficit over the next 10 years.And we set up a group of senators that have to come up with another $1.2 to $1.7 trillion in savings or automatically there will be cuts that go into effect in January to get those savings.So the savings will be accomplished.But as I was talking to some of your leaders, you share a similar concern here in China.You have no safety net.Your policy has been one which I fully understand--I’m not second-guessing--of one child per family.The result being that you’re in a position where one wage earner will be taking care of four retired people.Not sustainable.我们最后做到的是建立了一个框架，在这个框架内我们决定把今后10年的赤字初步削减1.2万亿美元。我们还成立了一个参议员小组，该小组必须提出另外削减1.2万亿至1.7万亿美元的计划，否则明年一月削减自动生效，以省下这笔钱。因此，缩减开支的目的一定会达到。但正如我通过与你们的一些领导人谈话所了解到的，你们在中国也有类似的担忧。你们缺乏社会保障网。你们一直实行一个家庭只生一个孩子的政策——我完全理解这一政策，也不会在这里指手划脚。但这种政策的结果是，一个赚取工薪的人将要照料四个退休的老人。这也是一种不可持续的状况。

So hopefully we can act in a way on a problem that's much less severe than yours, and maybe we can learn together from how we can do that.所以，我希望我们能够对这个问题采取行动——与你们面临的问题相比,我们的问题相对容易解决——或许我们可以共同探索如何解决这些问题。

But in the meantime, the concern that we will not make good on the investments that people have made--in your case up to $1.7 trillion total out of a very large economy is not to worry about.We could not afford--we could not afford not to make good on that requirement.但与此同时，担心我们作为一个非常大型的经济不会保持对人们投资的承诺——在你们的情况下有高达1.7万亿美元——是不需要的。我们不能不——我们不能不兑现承诺。

And that's why the irony was that in the Treasury offering in the first four days after the downgrade, more people actually came and bought our treasuries than before.And the interest rate paid on those treasury notes actually went down because they were so much in demand.So obviously, the rest of the world didn't think we were about not to.If the world thought, my God, they’ve been downgraded, and they are not going to make good on their debt, it would not have been viewed as the safest haven in the whole world to invest.We are still--for all the economic difficulties nation’s have--we are still the single best bet in the world in terms of where to invest.这也就是为什么有意思的是，就国债发行而言，在降级后的最初四天里，其实有比过去更多的人来购买我们的国库券。而且需求之大，这些债券的利息率还降低了。所以显然，世界其他地方没有认为我们将要不行了。如果全世界认为，天哪，他们被降级了，他们即将无法还债了，那么美国就不会被视为是全世界最安全的投资之地。我们仍然是——尽管我们有种种经济困难——就投资而言，我们仍然是全世界最最保险的地方。

And so--but we do have to deal with the deficit.We will deal with it, and that's what this 2012 election is going to be about.The American people are going to speak on that.所以说——但是，我们的确必须解决赤字问题。我们会解决它，这也将是2012年选举的焦点。美国人民将对此发出他们的声音。

Now, look, one last point, both our countries are going through a political transition in 2012.And it’s very important in my view that we both are aware of the political sensitivities in each of the countries as they go through that.But I’m confident we will come out stronger, as will you.But I don't in any way suggest--please don't have the press read that Biden said that $1.7 trillion investment in the United States is not a big deal.It is a big deal if you are a Chinese.(Laughter.)It is not a big deal in terms of our financial instruments.It is a very small part, and so the Chinese people should take solace.In order for us not to make good on China’s debt, we would have to disappoint tens of millions of Americans who own 85 percent of that debt.And just in pure political terms, no politician wants to do that.(Laughter.)You’re safe.(Applause.)

还有最后一点。我们两国都要在2012年经历政治更迭期。我认为，我们都非常有必要认识到各国在这一转换时期时具有的政治敏感。但我有信心，我们将由此而变得更加强大，你们也一样。但我绝对不是说——请新闻界不要将此解读为拜登说在美国1.7万亿的投资没什么了不得的；如果你是中国人，这是了不得的。（笑声）但是作为我们的金融手段而言，它不是了不得的，它是很小的一部分，所以中国人民应该安心。如果要让我们无法兑现中国的债务，那我们必须首先要让千百万美国人失望，他们是85%国债的债权人。仅纯粹从政治角度而言，没有任何政治人物想这样做。（笑声）你们是安全的。（掌声）

THE VICE PRESIDENT: Question.Young man in the striped shirt here.Can you get him the microphone?

Q: Thank you, very much, Your Excellency Vice President.I see you not just as the Vice President but a veteran and accomplished public speaker.THE VICE PRESIDENT: Do I look that old?(Laughter.)

Q: I mean being serious--so as is known to all, public speaking, and English public speaking, in particular, is getting all the more popular in China.So my question is twofold: First of all, what role has public speaking played in your life? Because we say that public speaking is the language of leadership.And secondly, what role do you think public speaking will play among our youth of the two countries and to our bilateral relations? Thank you very much.(Applause.)

THE VICE PRESIDENT: That's a very good question.Let me order my thoughts here to make this as brief as I can.The commodity that is worth a lot more than public speaking is sincerity when one speaks.I mean this sincerely now.(Laughter.)There are great orators that have come along in the world history who have been charlatans.So the most important thing to look to in a leader’s speech is not the elegance or the rhetorical flourish of his or her comments, but the judgment of whether or not you believe they are sincere in what they're saying.副总统：这个问题提得很好。我来整理一下思绪，以便尽量简要地作出回答。对于演讲者来说，远比演讲技巧有价值的一点是真诚。我说这句话的时候就是真诚的。（笑声）在世界历史上有一些享有盛名的演说家其实是江湖骗子。因此，在听一位领导人演说时，最重要的不是看其能否侃侃而谈或其言辞是否文采飞扬，而在于你是否认为演讲人在讲话时态度诚恳。

Secondly, you compliment me by saying I’m an accomplished public speaker.I don't know whether you’ve had an opportunity to see a movie that has gotten worldwide circulation called “The King’s Speech.” Well, but for the royal blood and the money, that could have been me.I was a serious stutterer when I was in school as a child, as a high school student, and even into college.And I practiced very, very hard by myself, standing in front of a mirror, trying to annunciate without contorting my face.其次，你夸奖我是一位很有造诣的演说家。我不知道你是否有机会看过在世界各地广泛放映的一个电影，叫做“国王的演说”。如果忽略王室出身和金钱，那个人可能就是我。我从小学到高中甚至大学一直有很严重的口吃。我刻苦练习，站在镜子前面，努力在发音时不把脸扭歪。

When you think about it, whether it’s China or America, the only impediment people feel free to make fun of and humor of is a stutterer.If I had a deformed face, you would not make fun of my face.But if I stood before you and ta-ta-talked to-to-to you like that, you’d do what you’re now--you’re smiling.And it’s offensive.It’s offensive.Because it is a serious impediment.When one stutters, people believe they are stupid.People believe they are not worth much.And there’s tens of millions of people around the world trapped with a keen mind and big heart, trapped inside of a body that cannot articulate what they feel.我们可以想一想，无论是在中国还是美国，人们可以随意开玩笑或取笑的唯一生理缺陷是口吃。如果我有一张残缺变形的脸，你们不会取笑我的脸。但是，如果我站在你们面前，像这样跟跟跟你们讲讲讲话，你们可能会像现在这样——在微笑。可这样做是非常不礼貌的。这样做是非常不礼貌的，因为这是一种严重的生理缺陷。人们往往认为口吃的人很笨，认为他们没什么用处，然而世界上有千千万万聪明善良的人只是由于生理上的障碍不能表达他们的情感。

And the reason I bother to mention that to you is to get to the third and most important point.Speech, communication--to state the obvious--is the currency of understanding.It’s the currency with which we exchange ideas.It’s stuff from which flows the sense of whether one is being truthful or honest or sincere.We judge from the way people speak whether they’re being transparent and open, whether they're being cramped and cabined.And so the thing that I’m most embarrassed about in my career of 38 years of having an opportunity to literally meet every major world leader in the last 38 years.I was elected as a 30--29-year-old, young man from modest means.And I’ve had that opportunity.The thing that always embarrasses me is--and in the back of my head, I’m embarrassed in front of you--I’m embarrassed I can’t speak to you in Chinese.I would--seriously--I would rather be able to honor you and show my respect for you by speaking your language, as you honor me by speaking mine.我跟你们提到这件事是因为我要讲的第三点也是最重要的一点。言语、交流——表达清楚明白的想法——是达到理解的途径，是我们交换想法的途径，也是我们借以判断一个人是否真实、诚实或真诚的途径。通过人们讲话的方式，我们可以判断他们是开诚布公还是居心叵测。在我38年的职业生涯中——我曾有机会在这38年中与世界各地的领导人会晤——有一点让我感到羞愧。我家境贫寒，30岁——其实是29岁——赢得选举担任公职。我得到了这个机会。有一点总是让我感到羞愧的是——此刻我站在你们面前，内心也感到同样的羞愧——我为不能跟你们讲中文而感到羞愧。我希望——这是真话——我能够说你们的语言，以此向你们表示敬意，正如你们讲我的母语是对我表示尊重。

And so language, the ability not only to master the ability to put your ideas into words succinctly on a platform to communicate ideas to your own people, it is even more impressive when you have the capacity to do that and communicate your ideas, especially as future business and political and moral leaders of the world in the language of the people to whom you are speaking.语言是一种能力，它不仅能够使你站在讲台上用词汇明确地表达你的想法，向同胞们表达你的想法，更令人钦佩的是，它使你能够用其他人的母语表达你的想法，特别是作为世界上未来的企业家、政治家和道德典范。

So I think there is no greater resource that a nation could seek than having a group of people who were able to communicate in the same idiom, the same dialect, the same--the same pattern as the people to whom as they're speaking.Because this is all about--all about--understanding one another.因此，对于一个国家而言，我认为最宝贵的资源就是有这样一批人，他们能够用对方的习惯用语、方言乃至遵循对方的语言习惯表达自己，因为归根结底最重要的是互相理解。

Let me conclude by saying this.My father was a high school-educated man.He never went to a university and--nor did my mother or anyone in my family at that time.But my father was an elegant, decent man--eloquent and elegant, decent man.My father used to have an expression, and maybe it’s the best way for me to conclude my comments with you all, and I wish I could stay later--longer, sincerely wish I could.He used to say, Joe, the only conflict that is worse than one that is intended is one that is unintended.The only conflict worse than one that is intended is one that is unintended.最后，我还要说几句。我父亲是个受过高中教育的人。他从来没进过大学——那个时候，我母亲和任何家人都没进过大学。但我父亲是一个文雅、体面的人——有口才、温文尔雅和体面的人。我父亲总喜欢说这样一句话，或许我最好用这句话结束对大家的讲话，我希望我可以多留一会，——多呆一些时间，我衷心希望我能如此。他常说，乔，唯一比意想之中的冲突更糟的是意想不到的冲突。唯一比意想之中的冲突更糟的是意想不到的冲突。

Language, speech, interchange, openness, communication--that is the material that can be used to lessen the possibility of the unintended, the unintended conflict.I have great faith in all of you.I mean this sincerely.You’re an incredible country, an incredible people.And the fact there’s a hundred thousand students here at this great university, the fact that there are millions of Chinese at universities throughout--throughout this country;the fact that there’s 130,000 Chinese nationals speaking--citizens, going to American universities is the stuff which gives me faith.语言、话语、交流、开放、沟通——这是可以用来减少可能产生意想不到的、意外的冲突的方式。我对你们大家有极大的信心。我真心这样想。你们是一个了不起的国家、了不起的民族。在这所优秀的学校有成千上万的学生，在整个国家有数百万人上大学；有13万中国人上美国大学，有关的事实就是我信心的来源。

Believe in yourselves.Believe in yourselves.You have the capacity to do anything, anything anyone in the world has ever done.And the more you do, the better off my granddaughter and my great granddaughter’s generation are going to be.相信你们自己。相信你们自己。你们有能力做任何事情，做任何世界上任何人曾经做过的事。你们做得越多，我的孙女和我的重孙女的这一代人都将过得更好。

Thank you for the honor of being here.(Applause.)Thank you, all, very much.(Applause.)

感谢你们让我有幸来到这里。（掌声。）谢谢大家，多谢。（掌声。）

第五篇：TED演讲内容(中英)

张彤禾

HI，So I'd like to talk little bit about the people 嗨，今天我想来探讨一下

Who make the things we use every day;这些为我们制造日常用品的人们：

Our shoes，our handbags,our computers and cell phones, 例如我们的鞋子，手提包，电脑，还有手机。

Now, this is a conversatuon that often calls up a lot of guilt.这个话题时常让我们觉得很内疚。

Imagine the teenage farm girl who makes less than 想象一下，一个年轻的农村女孩给你缝制跑步鞋 a dollar an hour stitching your running shoes, 可每个小时还赚不到一美金，Or the young Chinese man who jumps off a rooftop 又或者是那个加班为你组装ipad的中国小伙子 after working overtime assembling your ipad 在加班之后从楼上跳了下来。

We，the beneficiaries of globalization,seem to exploit 我们，是全球化的受益者，These victims with every purchase we make, 可每笔交易却似乎都是在剥削那些受害者，and the injustice 而这种不公平

Feels embedded in the products themselves.似乎也深深烙印在这些产品之中。

After all, what’s wrong with the world in which a worker 总而言之，这个世界到底怎么了？

On an iphone assembly line can’t even afford to buy one? 一个在组装iphone 生产线上的员工却买不起一台iphone？ It's taken for granted that chinese factories are oppressive, 人们理所当然地认为，中国的工厂就是应该被压榨的，And that it’s our desire for cheap goods 因为我们渴求便宜的产品 That makes them so。造成了这样的局面。

So,this simple narrative equating Weatern demand 很显然，西方社会的需求

And Chinese suffering is appealing, 和中国人对他们遭遇的申诉被连接在一起，especially at a time when many of us already feel guilty 尤其是当我们中的很多人已经因为我们对世界影响 About our impact on the world, 而感到了内疚，But it's also inaccurate and disrespectful.然而，这是不正确的，也是不尊重他人的。

We must be peculiarly self-obsessed to imagine that we 我们极其自恋地去想象着

Have the power to drive tens of millions of people 我们有力量去操控地球另一边

On the other side of the world to migrate and suffer.千万的人民，让他们以如此可怕的方式 In such terrible ways.去遭受痛苦或者迁移。

In fact, China makes goods for markets all over the world, 事实上，中国制造的产品遍布全球，Including its own, thanks to a combination of factors: 也包括他们自己的市场，这要归结于许多因素的综合： Its low costs，its large and educated workforce, 低成本，大量受过教育的劳动力，And a flexible manufacturing system 还有有弹性的工作制度

That responds quickly to market demands.这些都快速地迎合了市场的需求。

By focusing so much on ourselves and our gadgets, 我们因为太专注于我们自身和产品上，We have rendered the individuals on the other end 所以忽视了产业链另一端的个体的存在 Into invisibility, as tiny and interchangeable 将他们看成是可以随时被替换的，微小的 as the parts of a mobile phone.像手机零件那样。

Chinese workers are not forced into factories 中国工人并不是因为我们对于ipods 的无限渴求 Because of our insatiable desire for ipods.而被迫进入工厂的。

They choose to leave their homes in order to earn money, 他们选择背井离乡，是为了赚钱，to learn new skills.and to see the world.为了学习新的技能，以为为了看看这个世界。In the ongoing debate about globalization, what’s 在全球化发展趋势的辩论中

been missing is the voices of the workers themselves.我们缺失的，是聆听工人们自己的声音。Here are a few.以下就是一些例子。

Baoyongxiu：”My mother tells me to come home 包永秀（音译）说：“我妈妈让我回家结婚

and get married,but if i marry now,before i have fully 但是如果我还没有让自己的得到充分的发展

developed myself, i can only marry an ordinary worker, 就结婚，我只能嫁给一个平凡的工人，So i’m not in a rush”

所以我根本不着急。”

Chen Ying: “When I went home for the new year, 陈颖（音译）说：“我过年回家的时候 everyone said I had changed.They asked me, 每个人都说我变了，他们问我：

What did you do that you have changed so much? 你怎么会有这么大的改变？

I told them that studied and worked hard.If you tell them 我告诉他们，我很努力地学习和工作，more,they won’t understand anyway.”

即便你想给他们讲更多，他们反正也不能理解。” Wu Chunming:”Even if i make a lot of money, 吴春明（音译）：“即使我赚了很多钱 It won’t satisfy me.也无法满足我自己。

Just to make money is not enough meaning in life.” 赚钱并不是生活全部的意义。”

XiaoJin:”Now, after i get off work, i study English, 肖金（音译）说：“现在我下班以后，就会去学英语 Because in the future，our customers won't 因为在不久的将来，我们的客户将不仅仅是中国人，be only Chinese,so we must learn more languages.” 所以，我们需要学习更多的语言。”

All of these speakers,by the way, are young women, 以上的话，都是出自一些年轻女孩的口，18 or 19 years old.他们仅仅18、19岁。

So I spent two years getting to know assembly line workers 因此，我花了两年的时间去了解流水工作线上的工人们 Like these in the south China factory city called Dongguan.例如在中国南部的一个工业城市——东莞。Certain subjects came up over and over: 有一些主要的问题不断的重复着： How much money they made, 他们到底赚了多少钱，what kind of husband they hoped to marry, 他们想要嫁给怎样的人，Whether they should jump to another factory 他们是否想要跳槽

Or stay where they were.还是留在一个工厂内。

Other subjects came up almost never, including 另一些话题，则几乎不被提起

living conditions that to me looked close to prison life;例如：在我眼中如牢狱般的生活条件 10 or 15 workers in one room，10-15个工人住在一个房间里，50 people sharing a single bathroom, 50个人公用一个厕所，days and nights ruled by the factory clock.日以继夜地按照工厂的要求来作息。

Everyone they knew lived in similar circumstances, 他们每一个人都知道，即便是住在如此的环境里面 And it was still better than the dormitories and homes 也会比他们在中国农村的老家的条件 of rural China。好得多

They workers rarely spoke about the products they made, 工人们很少谈论他们制造的产品，And they often had great difficulty explaining 他们往往很难解释清楚 What exactly they did.他们到底做了什么。When I asked Lu Qingmin, 我访问了吕清明（音译）

The young woman I got to know best, 这个年轻的女孩是我最了解的，what exactly she did on the factory floor, 我问她她在工厂里到底从事什么工作

She said something to me in Chinese that sounded like 他用中文告诉我，听起来像是 “qiu xi”

“秋西”。

Only much later did I realize that she had been saying 很久以后，我才知道她说的是 “QC,” or quality control.“QC”，也就是质量监控。

She couldn’t even tell me what she did on the factory floor.她竟然都不能告诉我她在工厂里做的是什么。All she could do was parrot a garbled abbreviation 她能做的就只是模仿一个英文缩写的发音 In a language she didn’t even understand.而这个语言是她根本就不懂的。

Karl Marx saw this as the tragedy of capitalism, 马克思认为这就是资本主义的悲哀

the alienation of the worker from the product of his labor.疏远了工人与他们所制造的产品。

Unlike,say, a traditional maker of shoes or cabinets, 与传统的鞋匠或者木匠不同，The worker in an industrial factory has no control, 工人在工厂没有控制权，No pleasure,and no true satisfaction or understanding 在她所做的工作中，没有快乐，In her own work.没有真正的满足或理解。

But like so many theories that Marx arrived at 但同许多马克思

Sitting in the reading room of the British Museum, 坐在英国图书馆的阅读室里想出来理论一样，He got this one wrong.这一点，他错了。

Just because a person spends her time 仅仅因为一个人用她的时间

Making a piece of something does not mean 去制造一件物品，并不代表

that she becomes that,a piece of something.她就变成了这件物品

What she does with the money she earns, 她用她赚的钱去做了什么

What she learns in that place,and how it changes her, 她在那个地方学到了什么技能，以及她如何被改变 These are the things that matter.这些才是最重要的。

What a factory makes is never the point,and 一个工厂制造什么并非重点，The workers could not care less who buys their products.工人们也不在乎谁买了他们制造的产品。Journalistic coverage of Chinese factories, 记着报道了关于中国工厂的新闻

on the other hand,plays up this relationship 另一方面，也强调了

Between the workers and the products they make.工人与产品之前的联系。

Many articles calculate:How long would it take 很多文章都在计算：

For this worker to work in order to earn enough money 这些工人要工作多久，赚来的钱 To buy what he’s making? 才够买一件他们制作的产品？

For example,an entry-level-line assembly line worker 举个例子，一个初级组装生产线的工人

In china in an iphone plant would have to shell out 在中国组装iphone配件

Two and a half months wages for an iphone.要倾其2个半月的工资才能买一台iphone。But how meaningful is this calculation, really? 但说真的，这些计算有任何意义吗？ For example，I recently wrote an article 再举个例子，我最近写了一篇文章 In the New Yorker magazine.登在纽约客杂志上，But I can’t afford to buy an ad in it.但是也供不起我在杂志上登一个广告。

But,who cares?I don’t want an ad in the New Yorker, 但是，谁在乎？我不需要在纽约客上登广告

And most of these workers don’t really want iphones.其实，大部分的工人，也不是真的需要iphones。Their calculations are different.他们的计算方式是不同的。

How long should i stay in this factory? 我在工厂要待多久？

How much money can i save? 我能存多少钱？

How much will it take to buy an apartment or a car, 我需要多少钱才能买个房子，买辆车，To get married,or to put my child through school? 才能结婚，或者足以送我的小孩去学校？

The workers I got to know had a curiously abstract 这些我试图去了解的工人们

Relationship with the product of their labor.对他们和产品之间的联系有着很抽象的解读。About a year after I met Lu Qingmin, or Min，大概在我遇到陆青敏，也就是小敏的一年后 She invited me home to her family village 她邀请我去她农村的家做客 For the Chinese New Year。过春节。

On the train home,she gave me a present;在回家的火车上，她给了我一个礼物；

A Coach brand change purse with brown leather trim.一个棕色皮质的Coach牌零钱包。I thanked her,assuming it was fake, 我谢了她，虽然我很自然地认为这应该是个山寨的产品，Like almost everything else for sale in Dongguan.就好像东莞在出售的大部分产品一样。

After we got home,Min gave her mother another present;回家以后，小敏给了她妈妈另一个礼物： A pink Dooney&Bourke handbag, 一个Dooney&Bourke牌的粉色手提包，And a few nights later, her sister was showing off 几天以后，她的姐姐正在展示 A maroon LeSportsac shoulder bag 一个红褐色的LeSportsac 单肩包。

Slowly it was dawning on me that these handbags 慢慢地，我好像明白了

Were made by their factory，这些东西都是她们工厂生产的

And every single one of them authentic.每一件东西，都是正品

Min’s sister said to her parents, 小敏的姐姐告诉她父母

“In American,this bag sells for 320 dollars.” “在美国，这个包要卖320美金。”

Her parents, who are both farmers,looked on,speechless.她的的农民父母看了看，无言以对。

“And that’s not all--Coach is coming out with a new line, 还有，Coach 正在推出一系列新产品2191 2191，”she said，“One bag sell for 6000.” 她说：“这个好像要卖6000.”

She paused and said,”I don’t know if that’s 6000 yuan or 她停顿了一下：“我不知道是6000元人民币，还是 6000 American dollars，but anyway, it’s 6000.” 6000美元，无论如何都是6000啦。”

Min’s sister’s boyfriend,who have traveled home with her 小敏姐姐的男友也回到家 For the new year, said, 与她一起过年，“It doesn’t look like it’s worth that much.” 他说：“看起来不值这么多钱。”

Min’s sister turned to him and said,”some people actually 小敏的姐姐对他说：“有的人

Understand these things.You don’t understand shit.” 就是懂这些东西，你懂啥。”

In Min’s world, the Coach bags had a curious currency.在小敏的世界里，Coach包包有一个很奇怪的价值。They weren’t exactly worthless, but they were nothing 它们虽然不是一文不值，但是相比起它们的实际价值 Lose to the actual value,because almost no one they knew 还是相差甚远，因为他们所结识的人里面

Wanted to buy one, or knew how much it was worth.几乎没有人想要买，也没有人知道这值多少钱。Once,when Min’s older sister’s friend got married, 又一次，小敏大姐的一个朋友结婚

She brought a handbag along as a wedding present.她带着一个手提包作为给新人的礼物。Another time, after Min had already left 又一次，小敏已经离开手提包的工厂了

The handbag factory, her younger sister came to visit, 但她的小妹妹来看她的时候

Bringing two Coach Signature handbags as gifts.带了两个经典款Coach作为礼物。

and I found a printed card in English,which read, 看到一张卡片写着一些英文： “An American classic.“美国经典。

In 1941,the burnished patina 1941年那些表皮磨光的

Of an all-American baseball glove 美国棒球手套

Inspired the founder of Coach to create 启发了Coach的创始人

a new collection of handbags from the same 促使其研发了一个新系列的手提包： Luxuriously soft gloved-hand leather.奢华、柔软的表面和手套的皮质一样。

Six skilled leather workers crafted 12 Signature handbags 6名技巧纯熟的皮革工人制造12只经典款手提包 With perfect proportions and a timeless flair.他们有着精准而快速的手艺。

They were fresh，functional，and women everywhere 这些手提包新颖，具有相当的功能性，世界各地的女人都喜欢 Adored them.A new American classic was born.” 一个新的美国经典诞生了。”

I wonder what Karl Marx would have made of Min 我想知道马克思是否会被小敏 And her sisters.和她的姐妹所影响。

Their relationship with the product of their labor 她们与产品之间的关系

Was more complicated surprising and funny 更复杂、惊奇而且有趣

Than he could have imagined.这都超出他的想象。

And yet, his view of the world persists,and our tendency 但是，他对这个世界的观点没变，而我们却将 To see the workers as faceless masses, 这些工人们看成是一群上不了台面的群体，To imagine that can know what they’re really thinking.想象一下，假如我们可以了解工人们的真实想法。The first time I met Min,she had just turned 18 我第一次见到小敏的时候，她刚满18岁 And quit her first job on the assembly line 她刚刚辞去在一家电子设备工厂的 Of an electronics factory.组装生产线的工作。

Over the next two years，I watched as she switched jobs 接下来的两年，我看着她换了5次工作，Five times,eventually landing a lucrative post 最后固定在一个比较赚钱的职位

In the purchasing department of a hardware factory。是在一个硬件工厂的采购部门。

Later，she married a fellow migrant worker，不久，她嫁给了一个打工仔，Moved with him to his village，然后移居到了他的村子，Gave birth to two daughters，生了两个女儿，And saved enough money to buy a secondhand Buick 他们存够了钱给她买了一辆二手别克车

For herself and an apartment for her parents。给她的父母买了房子。

She recently returned to Dongguan on her own 最近她独自回到东莞

to take a job n a factory that makes construction cranes, 在一个起重机工厂里找了份工作，Temporarily leaving her husband and children 暂时与她村里的丈夫和孩子 Back in the village.分局两地。

In a recent email to me,she explained, 在最近的一封邮件里，她解释：

“A person should have some ambition while she id young “人们年轻的时候，应该有所抱负

So that in old age she can look back on her life 那么在他们老的时候，回首过去

And fell that it was not lived to no purpose.” 就不会觉得这一生都毫无意义。”

Across China, there are 150 million workers like her, 在中国，有1亿5千万像她一样的工人，One third of them women,who have left their villages 其中三分之一，是离乡背井的女性，To work in the factories, the hotels,the restaurants 她们在工厂、酒店、餐厅

And the construction sites of the big cities.或者是大城市的建筑工地工作。

Together, they make up the largest migration in history, 这么算来，是她们创造了历史上一个庞大的人口迁移的数字，And it is globalization, this chain that begins 而这个产业链的起点，就是“全球化”的风靡 In a Chinese farming village 从中国的农村

And end with iphones in our pockets and Nike on our feet 到最终进入我们口袋里的iphone和脚上的耐克 And Coach handbags on our arms 还有手中的Coach手提包

That has changed the way these millions of people 这改变了数百万人的

Work and marry and live and think。工作、婚姻、生活和思想。

Very few of them would want to go back 他们其中很少有人

To the way things used to be。愿意回到过去的生活。

When I first went to Dongguan, I worried that 我第一次去东莞的时候，我很担心

It would be depressing to spend so much time with workers。担心与工人相处的时间会很压抑沮丧。

I also worried that nothing would ever happen to them，我也担心他们永远不会改变，Or that they would have nothing to say to me。或者他们也没有什么能对我说的。

Instead,I found young women who were smart and funny 然而，我发现那些年轻的女性都很聪明、风趣 And brave and generous.而且勇敢、大方。

By opening up their lives to me, 通过向我展示他们的生活，They taught me so much about factories 她们教给我很多关于工厂

And about China and about how to live in the world。关于中国，以及如何生存在这个世界的道理。This is the Coach purse that Min gave me 这就是小敏在回家的火车上

On the train home to visit her family。送给我的Coach钱包。

I keep it with me to remind me of the ties that tie me 我一直保存着它，由此提醒着我与这些 To the young women I wrote about，我记录过的年轻女生的联系，Ties that are not economic but personal in nature，这些并不是因为经济而是因为个人情感的联系，Measured not in money but in memories。价值并不是在于金钱而是记忆。

This purse is also a reminder that the things that you imagine，这个钱包也是一个提醒，Sitting in your office or in the library，你坐在办公室或图书馆里时所想象的东西 Are not how you find when you actually go out 和你走出去真正接触的东西 Into the world。并不一样。Thank you。谢谢。