2011高考历史热点-胡锦涛会见英国首相卡梅伦

第一篇：2011高考历史热点-胡锦涛会见英国首相卡梅伦

胡锦涛会见英国首相卡梅伦

编者：scnchjw@163.com

【背景资料】

中国国家主席胡锦涛于2010年11月10日上午在人民大会堂会见了英国首相卡梅伦。胡锦涛表示，在新形势下，中英双方应该从21世纪全球视角和战略高度规划好两国关系，重点做好以下三方面工作。一是运用好彼此发展机遇。双方应该把强烈的合作意愿落到实处，找准合作新的增长点，在新能源、新材料、节能环保、高端制造业等领域加强合作，实现共同发展。二是扩大在国际事务中的合作。双方在反对保护主义、推动多哈回合谈判、建立国际金融新秩序等问题上立场相近、共识突出，应该加强沟通和协调，对外发出共同声音，推动建设良好的国际贸易环境和合理的国际金融秩序。三是提升政治互信水平。双方应该始终本着相互尊重的原则，通过高层互访和战略对话等机制，加强相互了解，深化战略互信，妥善处理双边关系中的敏感问题，使中英关系始终沿着正确方向发展。

【知识链接】

关键词：历史上的中英关系（仅限高中课本）1．大纲版

（1）中国近现代史

①半殖半封建开始时期：第一次鸦片战争（根本原因、直接原因、战争起止时间；鸦片战争的影响（《南京条约》内容、《南京条约》内容、鸦片战争总体影响）；第二次鸦片战争（根本目的、战争借口、英法联军占领天津和北京、1858年中英《天津条约》和1860年中英《北京条约》）；太平天国运动（西方列强一度伪装“中立”，英国人戈登接替美国人华尔，改“洋枪队”为“常胜军”，中外勾结绞杀太平军）。

②半殖半封建形成时期：洋务运动（中国海军重要舰船向英、德两国购买）；甲午战争前（英国希望通过日本牵制俄国，对日本侵华采取纵容态度）；瓜分狂潮（英国通过1898年《中英展拓香港界址专条》，强租“新界”，又强租威海卫，划长江流域为势力范围）；八国联军侵华战争（英国人西摩尔率八国联军侵略中国，战后参与签订了《辛丑条约》）。

③资产阶级民主革命时期：英国等列强扶植袁世凯掌握清政府统治大权并篡夺辛亥革命果实。④国民革命运动时期：五卅运动（省港大罢工是世界历史上历时最长的罢工）；北伐战争（英国先后制造了“万县惨案”、“一三惨案”和“南京惨案”等惨案，汉口、九江英租界被中国收回）。

⑤国共对峙及抗日战争时期：九一八事变后，由英法控制的国际联盟派出李顿调查团，企图把中国东北变为列强共管的殖民地。1943年英美等国与中国签订协议，废除了治外法权（领事裁判权）。

⑥向社会主义过渡时期：英国追随美国，对新中国采取敌视、孤立政策。

⑦社会主义建设新时期：撒切尔夫人访华；中关关于和平解决香港问题的《联合声明》；香港实现顺利回归；香港问题的和平解决的影响；香港回归的意义。（2）世界近现代史

①自由资本主义时期：亚洲革命风暴（中国太平天国运动的世界意义）。

②垄断资本主义时期：亚洲觉醒（戊戌变法的失败原因、义和团运动的历史意义、辛亥革命的世界意义）。第一次世界大战（“一战”第三阶段，中英两国同为协约国成员）。③两次世界大战之间的世界：“一战”后英、法、美“三巨头”控制的巴黎和会拒绝中国代表

团关于收回山东权益的要求。④世界人民反法西斯战争（二战）：二战期间，国民政府组织远征军开入缅甸，配合英军共同打击日本侵略者。

⑤二战后，中英两国都是联合国安理会常任理事国。2．新课程版

（1）列强入侵与民族危机：英国参与的列强侵华主要战争（鸦片战争、第二次鸦片战争、八国联军侵华战争）；1842年至1901年英国强加给中国的主要不平等条约（中英《南京条约》、中英《南京条约》附件、中英《天津条约》、中英《北京条约》、《辛丑条约》）；列强强占租借地，划分势力范围（英国强占香港“新界”地区和山东威海卫为租借地，划长江流域、云南、广东为势力范围）。

（2）中国军民维护国家主权的斗争：三元里抗英（背景、经过、意义）；左宗棠收复新疆的背景包括（第二次鸦片战争以后，英、俄都力图在新疆扩张势力；中亚地区浩罕国军事头目阿古柏侵入新疆并与英、俄勾结）。

（3）伟大的抗日战争：1942年1月，世界反法西斯阵营正式形成，中国战区盟军最高统帅部成立，中国远征军进入缅甸，和英军并肩抗日。（4）“一国两制”伟大构想及其实践：香港回归——“一国两制”构想首次成功运用（香港问题的由来；解决香港问题的有利条件；香港回归的历程；港澳回归的历史意义）。

（5）自然经济的逐渐解体：鸦片战争后，洋纱首先涌入中国东南沿海的市场，因其质优价廉，取代土纱，使中国家庭棉纺织业的“纺”与“织”分离。洋布输入，取代土布，使中国农家的“织”与“耕”分离，自然经济开始解体。但在中国大部分农村，自然经济仍占统治地位。中国丝、茶等农产品大量出口，减少了它们在农业经济上自给自足的成分，在客观上促进了中国商品经济的发展，也同时瓦解着中国社会的自然经济。

（6）巴黎和会：英国等列强在中国山东问题上的勾结（日本希望把在战争期间从德国手中夺来的山东据为己有，中国则要求收回山东主权，英法支持日本对山东的要求，美国由于私利的考虑没有坚定地支持中国的合理要求。帝国主义的行径激怒了中国人民，引发了中国的五四运动爆发。参加和会的中国代表，最终拒绝在和约上签字）。

（7）华盛顿会议：中国山东问题（在英美压力下，日、中在会外签订《解决山东问题悬案条约》及《附件》）；《九国公约》（有英国参加签字，使中国又回到了几个帝国主义国家共同支配的局面）。

【试题演练】

1．美国历史学家费正清在《伟大的中国革命》一书中，表达了这样的观点“鸦片战争的发生意味着中国拒绝在外交平等和对等贸易的基础上参加国际大家庭，结果导致英国使用武力。”费正清的上述观点

A．揭示了鸦片战争的根源

B．抹杀了鸦片战争的实质

C．肯定了中国抗击英国侵略的正义性

D．从全球化的角度正确分析了鸦片战争的原因 2．《中国近代史稿》：（鸦片战争后，中国社会呈现）“清政府站在人民头上发号施令，外国资产阶级却站在它的头上发号施令”的状况，这表明

A.清政府沦为外国控制中国的工具

B.人民革命的根本原因是清政府的反动统治 C.中国是半殖地半封建社会

D.中国革命进入民主主义革命时期

3．1860年《北京条约》签定后，咸丰皇帝躲在避暑山庄，一不痛心割让九龙，二不吝惜巨额的赔款，却认为外国派员驻京“最为中国之害”。对咸丰皇帝这一认识分析正确的是

A．把维护国家的尊严放在第一位

B．认识到列强侵华的本质

C．极力维护封建专制统治

D．认识到列强派员驻京给中国带来的危害最大

4．图为“1927年1月国民革命军开入汉口英租界维持秩序”的照片，造成这一事件的直接原因是

A．北伐战争的胜利进军

B．英帝国主义屠杀中国军民 国民革命军开入汉口英租界维C．国民党右派与帝国主义勾结

持秩序，武汉人民收回英租界 D．广州革命政府的决定

5．1943年1月，中美在华盛顿签署《关于取消美国在华治外法权及处理有关问题之条约》，中英在重庆签署《关于取消英国在华治外法权及其有关特权之条约》。之所以能废除不平等条约，主要是因为

A．国民政府的积极争取

B．美英迫于国际舆论而作出的决定 C．世界反法西斯同盟的建立

D．中国的抗日战争支援了美英的反法西斯战争 6．在香港回归祖国10周年的日子里，《香港商报》发表了题为《十载不凡路，香江书华章》的社评。其中有这样的评论“如果说十年前无论是国际社会，还是在香港本地，都有不少人对‘一国两制’、‘港人治港’心存怀疑，今天，所有的疑虑都已经烟消云散了„„”，请你给该评论加一个合适的标题

A．“一国两制”的实践日益丰富

B．一国两制”——香港繁荣稳定的制度 C．“一国两制”能够解决台湾问题

D．“一国两制”——走向中华民族的伟大复兴 7．斯塔夫里阿诺斯在《全球通史》中写道：“当凡尔赛的调停人没有将这个丢失的省份归还给中国时，在北京的学生和知识分子中间爆发了声势浩大的示威游行。„„事实证明，这场运动是中国历史上民族感情的最强烈、最普遍的表露。”材料中提及的这场运动是

A．武昌起义

B．五四运动

C．五卅运动

D．一二•九运动

8．近现代史上，英国曾经是最早侵略中国的西方资本主义列强国家；但在二战中和二战后，中英两国有更多的合作与共赢。阅读材料，回答问题：

材料一

请君莫畏大炮子，百炮才闻几个死？请君莫畏火箭烧，彻夜才烧二三里。我所畏者鸦片烟，杀人不计亿万千。„„

——《炮子谣》 材料二

“若犹泄泄视之，是使数十年后，中原几无可以御敌之兵，且无可以充饷之银。” “若鸦片一日不绝，本大臣一日不回，誓与此事相始终，断无终止之理。” 材料三

第二次鸦片战争以后，“洋棉每百斤需三十三元，印度棉亦在三十元内外，而华棉每百斤仅需十二三元，多至十七八元而止。故近年洋船回国，多购中国棉花，压载出口”。

――《续富国策》

材料四

1942年1月1日，26个国家在华盛顿签署了《联合国家宣言》„„1945年10月，联合国在美国纽约正式成立时，中国和英国都是创始会员国，也都是安理会常任理事国„„ 材料五

1997年7月1日，中国恢复了对香港行使主权。这是中英两国关系史上的重大事件。请回答：

（1）据材料一，最早向中国走私鸦片的国家，其走私的目的是什么？

（2）据材料二，林则徐向道光帝上书的目的是什么？道光帝为什么会接受他的建议？（3）你认材料三反映了什么现象？中国社会经济发生了怎样的巨大变化？

（4）二战期间和二战后，中国和英国都加强了合作。分别指出这两次合作的主要目的。（5）20世纪90年代，香港回归中国。请简述回答香港回归的历史条件。

答案要点及简析：

1．B 从题中材料可知，作者是把鸦片战争爆发的责任归于中国，抹杀了英国侵华的实质。2．C 从透过现象看本质的原理看，C项最能体现当时中国的社会性质。3．C 从咸丰帝强调外国派员驻京危害最大这一点思考。

4．B 北伐战争期间中国人民收回汉口、九江英租界的直接原因是英国制造一系列屠杀中国人民的惨案。

5．D 题中，中国这一外交胜利主要是由于中国在世界反法西斯战争中的作用决定的。6．B 疑虑消除是因为“一国两制”构想在事实上保障了香港的繁荣稳定。7．B 题中所述正好是五四运动的导火线。8．答案要点：：

（1）国家：英国。走私鸦片目的：扭转对华贸易逆差。

（2）目的：请求严禁鸦片。原因：道光帝意识到鸦片的输入严重威胁到了清政府的统治。（3）现象：第二次鸦片战争后，列强利用特权压低中国原材料出口的价格，大肆掠夺中国的原材料。巨大变化：中国自给自足的自然经济受到冲击并逐步解体，中国已被卷入资本主义世界市场。

（4）目的：二战中合作的目的是打败法西斯侵略。二战后合作的目的是在联合国框架下维护世界和平，促进各国间的合作与发展。

（5）历史条件：改革开放使中国的综合国力增强，国际地位提高（根本原因）；“一国两制”构想切实可行（关键因素）；香港同胞回归祖国的强烈愿望（群众基础）；中英联合声明及香港特别行政区基本法（法律依据）。

第二篇：英国首相卡梅伦演讲稿

英国新首相戴维卡梅伦就职演说，全文如下：

HER MAJESTY the queen has asked me to form a new government and I have accepted。Before I talk about that new government, let me say something about the one that has just passed.Compared with a decade ago, this country is more open at home and more compassionate abroad, and that is something we should all be grateful for。

On behalf of the whole country I'd like to pay tribute to the outgoing prime minister, for his long record of dedicated public service。

In terms of the future, our country has a hung parliament where no party has an overall majority and we have some deep and pressing problems – a huge deficit, deep social problems and a political system in need of reform。

For those reasons, I aim to form a proper and full coalition between the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats.I believe that is the right way to provide this country with the strong, the stable, the good and decent government that I think we need so badly。

Nick Clegg and I are both political leaders who want to put aside party differences and work hard for the common good and for the national interest.I believe that is the best way to get the strong government that we need, decisive government that we need today。

I came into politics because I love this country, I think its best days still lie ahead and I believe deeply in public service.And I think the service our country needs right now is to face up to our really big challenges, to confront our problems, to take difficult decisions, to lead people through those difficult decisions, so that together we can reach better times ahead。

One of the tasks that we clearly have is to rebuild trust in our political system.Yes, that’s about cleaning up expenses;yes, that’s about reforming parliament;and yes, it’s about making sure people are in control and that the politicians are always their servants and never their masters。

But I believe it’s also something else.It’s about being honest about what government can achieve.Real change is not what government can do on its own.Real change is when everyone pulls together, comes together, works together, when we all exercise our responsibilities to ourselves, to our families, to our communities and to others。

And I want to help build a more responsible society here in Britain, one where we don’t just ask ‘what are my entitlements?’ but ‘what are my responsibilities?’.One where we don’t just ask ‘what am I just owed?’ but more ‘what can I give?’.And a guide for that society, that those who can, should, and those who can’t, we will always help。

I want to make sure that my government always looks after the elderly, the frail, the poorest in our country.We must take everyone through with us on some of the difficult decisions that we have ahead。

Above all, it will be a government that will be built on some clear values – values of freedom, values of fairness, and values of responsibility。

I want us to build an economy that rewards work, I want us to build a society with stronger families and stronger communities, and I want a political system that people can trust and look up to once again。

This is going to be hard and difficult work.A coalition will throw up all sorts of challenges.But I believe together we can provide that strong and stable government that our country needs, based on those values – rebuilding family, rebuilding community, above all rebuilding responsibility in our country。Those are the things that I care about, those are the things that this government will now start work on doing。

Thank you。

第三篇：英国首相卡梅伦2015新年贺词

It’s a New Year and there’s a lot that is new in our country today: two million new private sector jobs created since 2010;a new spirit in our classrooms with over one million more children learning in schools that are good or outstanding;for over 24 million hard-working people, there’ve been new tax cuts and for three million of the lowest paid, no income tax whatsoever.There are tens of thousands of new homeowners, thanks to our Help to Buy scheme;new security for those retiring after a life of work, with the state pension increased by ￡800 so far and by ￡950 next year.And the world is looking at Britain in a new way, with our economy growing faster than any other major developed nation。

新的一年，我们也见证了众多“国家之新”：自2001年来，我们创造了200万个新的岗位；一种新的精神诞生于我们的课堂之中，超过一百万的学生取得了优秀甚至杰出的成绩；2400万辛勤劳作的人们得以减税，而300万的低收入者则告别税款；得益于购房援助计划，成千上百万的人民拥有了新居；在一辈子的辛勤工作之后，退休者也能享有新的保障，国家退休金上涨了800英镑，而明年这一数字将会是950。经济发展高于世界任何主要发达国家，全世界正以一种全新的眼光来看待英国。

None of this happened out of thin air.It’s because we put in place a long-term plan with some clear values at its heart.Ours must be a country where if you put in, you will get out;where if you want to work, there are decent jobs;where if you put the hours in, you keep more of your own money;where if you’re raising your children the best you can, you can expect they’ll get a proper education;and where if you’re willing to save, you can buy a home of your own;and of course where when you retire, you will have dignity and security in old age。

然而所有的这一切并非凭空而来，而是得益于我们观念明确的长期计划。我们必须成为这样一个国家：只要有所出，便有所得；只要肯劳作，便能体面工作；付出多少，便能获得多少；尽力抚养，便能让孩子获得满意的教育；愿意储蓄，便能拥有一方天地；即使退休，也能有尊严、有保障地老去。

Our long-term plan is working.Our country is being turned around.But let us be clear:

我们的长期计划正在奏效，我们的国家也正在复苏。但我们需铭记：

With this New Year comes new challenges.The global economy remains uncertain, and many countries continue to struggle。

新的一年意味着新的挑战。国际经济仍不稳定，许多国家依然艰难度日。

And against that backdrop, Britain has a choice: between the competence that has got us this far or the chaos of giving it up, going backwards and taking huge risks.在这一大环境下，英国也面临选择：是坚持下去，提高国家的竞争力，还是选择不安，放弃、倒退、承受巨大的风险。

So I say this should be our resolution: to stick to the plan, stay on course to prosperity, and keep doing the important, long-work of securing a better future。

所以我想说这才是我们解决之道：坚持计划，在繁荣之路上继续前行；为了更美好的未来，继续完成那些重要的长期的工作。

2015 can promise to be a great year for our country-if we make the right choices together。

2015可以是英国充满希望的一年，只要我们能够一起做出正确的决定。

And for now, I’d like to wish you, your family and your friends a very Happy New Year。

此时此刻，我愿你及你的家人朋友：新年快乐！

第四篇：英国首相卡梅伦辞职演讲

这个国家刚刚进行了一场大型的民主活动，这也许是我们历史上最大的一次。

超过三千三百万来自英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士、北爱尔兰和直布罗陀的人民表达了他们的声音。

我们应该为这个事实感到骄傲。在这片国土上，我们相信人民是重大的决策者。

我们不仅拥有议会民主制度，而且还在如何管理这个国家的问题上，我们也会适时征求人民的意愿。对此我们已经做到了。

英国人民投票选择离开欧盟，他们的意愿必须得到尊重。

我要感谢在这场活动里和我持相同意见的每个人，这其中包括摈弃政党偏见来表达他们对国家利益信念的所有人。同时，我也祝贺所有进行脱欧活动的人们，他们进行了活跃和充满热情的活动。

英国人民的意愿是必须执行的指令。

这不是一个轻易做出的决定，并不仅仅是因为众多不同组织对这一决定的重要性阐述了众多观点。

因此对这个结果不应持有疑问。全世界的人民都已经看到了英国做出的决定。

我想对市场及投资者重申的是，英国的经济基础非常强劲。另外我也向居住在欧洲国家的英国公民以及在英国居住的欧洲公民保证，你们的现状不会立刻发生改变。

我们的人民在出行方式上目前不会有任何改变。物品运送、服务提供都将照常进行。

我们现在必须做出准备，与欧盟进行协商。

协商需要苏格兰、威尔士以及北爱尔兰政府的共同参与，以确保联合王国各方面的利益都受到保护和推进。

但要做到以上全部，我们需要强劲、坚定且负责任的领导者。

我非常骄傲和荣幸能在过去的六年里担任这个国家的首相。

我相信我们做出了巨大的进步：就业人数从未如此之多；我们对福利和教育进行改革，改善人民生活质量、建设更大更强的社会；保持对全世界最贫困人民做出的承诺；不论性别因素，让相爱的人们合法结婚。所有这一切都将让英国继续保持其经济实力。

我对帮助实现这一切的所有人表示感谢。

我始终相信，对重大决策，我们应该面对，而不是回避。

这就是为什么我们成立了70年来首个联合政府，带领经济脱离濒危边缘。

这就是为什么我们在苏格兰进行了公正、合法、有决定意义的公投。

这也是为什么我做出承诺，与欧盟重新商议英国的地位、开启英国与欧盟关系的公投，并实现它们。

我以自己知道的唯一方法进行着这个过程，那就是直接、用心地表达我内心的想法和感受。

我没有任何保留，我的立场很明确，英国在欧盟内将会更加强大、安全和繁荣。我也强调了这次公投跟任何政客的前途，包括我自己，没有任何关系。

但是英国民众已经做出了明确且不同的选择，因此我认为英国需要新的领导人来带领我们的国家向前。

我将以首相的身份尽我所能在未来几个星期、几个月中稳定局面。但我认为并不应该由我作为领导人带领我们的国家向新的目的地前进。

这是我经过慎重考虑做出的决定。但从国家利益出发，我认为我们需要一段稳定期，之后便需要更换新的领导人。

我们不需要今天就制定一个详细的时间进度表，但是我认为，在10月保守党大会开始之前，我们需要一个新的首相继任。

保持稳定是非常重要的，在接下来的三个月里，我将继续作为首相和我的内阁一起为大家服务。

内阁将在周一举行会谈，英格兰银行行长将发表声明，阐释央行与财政部关于确保金融市场稳定采取的下一步措施。

我们也会继续推进在女王议会讲话中制定的重要立法议程。

我今天早晨也跟女王陛下通话并告知我即将采取的行动。

与欧盟的协商需要由新的首相开启，我认为应该由新任首相去决定何时启动《里斯本条约》第50条、开启脱离欧盟的正式法律程序。

我将在下周举行的欧洲理事会会议上阐释英国人民的选择和我个人的决定。

英国人民已经做出决定，这不仅需要被尊重；同时，失败的一方，包括我本人在内，还应该努力去协助实现这一决定。

英国是一个特别的国家。我们拥有很多杰出的优点：我们实行议会民主制，通过和平辩论的方式解决关乎未来的重要事项；我们是强大的贸易国家，科学和艺术、工程和创造力深受世界推崇。

虽然我们并不完美，但我相信我们能为多种族、多信仰的民主系统树立典范。人们可以来到英国，做出贡献并凭借才华能力达到自己的顶峰。

尽管离开欧洲并不是我推崇的道路，但我是第一个赞扬我们卓越力量的人。

以前我说过，脱离欧盟英国也能继续下去，我们肯定会找到一条出路。

现在决定已经做出，英国脱离欧盟。我们需要找到最正确的方向，而我也将尽我所能去帮助实现它。

我热爱这个国家，能够为之效力我感到十分自豪。未来我也将尽我所能去帮助这个伟大国家取得成功。The country has just taken part in a giant democratic exercise – perhaps the biggest in our history.Over 33 million people – from England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and Gibraltar – have all had their say.We should be proud of the fact that in these islands we trust the people with these big decisions.We not only have a parliamentary democracy, but on questions about the arrangements for how we are governed, there are times when it is right to ask the people themselves-and that is what we have done.The British people have voted to leave the European Union and their will must be respected.I want to thank everyone who took part in the campaign on my side of the argument, including all those who put aside party differences to speak in what they believed was the national interest.And let me congratulate all those who took part in the leave campaign – for the spirited and passionate case that they made.The will of the British people is an instruction that must be delivered.It was not a decision that was taken lightly, not least because so many things were said by so many different organisations about the significance of this decision.So there can be no doubt about the result.Across the world people have been watching the choice that Britain has made.I would reassure those markets and investors that Britain’s economy is fundamentally strong.And I would also reassure Brits living in European countries and European citizens living here that there will be no immediate changes in your circumstances.There will be no initial change in the way our people can travel, in the way our goods can move or the way our services can be sold.We must now prepare for a negotiation with the European Union.This will need to involve the full engagement of the Scottish, Welsh and Northern Ireland Governments, to ensure that the interests of all parts of our United Kingdom are protected and advanced.But above all this will require strong, determined and committed leadership.I am very proud and very honoured to have been Prime Minister of this country for six years.I believe we have made great steps, with more people in work than ever before in our history;with reforms to welfare and education;increasing people’s life chances;building a bigger and stronger society;keeping our promises to the poorest people in the world, and enabling those who love each other to get married whatever their sexuality.But above all restoring Britain’s economic strength, and I am grateful to everyone who has helped to make that happen.I have also always believed that we have to confront big decisions – not duck them.That’s why we delivered the first Coalition government in seventy years to bring our economy back from the brink.It’s why we delivered a fair, legal and decisive referendum in Scotland.And why I made the pledge to renegotiate Britain’s position in the European Union and hold a referendum on our membership, and have carried those things out.I fought this campaign in the only way I know how – which is to say directly and passionately what I think and feel – head, heart and soul.I held nothing back.I was absolutely clear about my belief that Britain is stronger, safer and better off inside the European Union, and I made clear the referendum was about this and this alone – not the future of any single politician, including myself.But the British people have made a very clear decision to take a different path, and as such I think the country requires fresh leadership to take it in this direction.I will do everything I can as Prime Minister to steady the ship over the coming weeks and months, but I do not think it would be right for me to try to be the captain that steers our country to its next destination.This is not a decision I have taken lightly, but I do believe it is in the national interest to have a period of stability and then the new leadership required.There is no need for a precise timetable today, but in my view we should aim to have a new Prime Minister in place by the start of the Conservative Party Conference in October.Delivering stability will be important and I will continue in post as Prime Minister with my Cabinet for the next three months.The Cabinet will meet on Monday.The Governor of the Bank of England is making a statement about the steps that the Bank and the Treasury are taking to reassure financial markets.We will also continue taking forward the important legislation that we set before Parliament in the Queen’s Speech.And I have spoken to Her Majesty the Queen this morning to advise her of the steps that I am taking.A negotiation with the European Union will need to begin under a new Prime Minister, and I think it is right that this new Prime Minister takes the decision about when to trigger article 50 and start the formal and legal process of leaving the EU.I will attend the European Council next week to explain the decision the British people have taken and my own decision.The British people have made a choice.That not only needs to be respected – but those on the losing side of the argument, myself included, should help to make it work.Britain is a special country.We have so many great advantages.A parliamentary democracy where we resolve great issues about our future through peaceful debate;a great trading nation, with our science and arts, our engineering and our creativity respected the world over.And while we are not perfect, I do believe we can be a model of a multi-racial, multi-faith democracy, where people can come and make a contribution and rise to the very highest that their talent allows.Although leaving Europe was not the path I recommended, I am the first to praise our incredible strengths.I have said before that Britain can survive outside the European Union and indeed that we could find a way.Now the decision has been made to leave, we need to find the best way, and I will do everything I can to help.I love this country – and I feel honoured to have served it.And I will do everything I can in future to help this great country succeed.

第五篇：英国首相卡梅伦

2011年5月25日，奥巴马与英国首相卡梅伦在伦敦记者会上的讲话：

PRIME MINISTER CAMERON: Thank you, and apologies for keeping you waiting.It's a pleasure to welcome President Obama here today.We've just been having a barbecue in the gardens of Number 10 Downing Street with some of our service--armed-service personnel from the United States and from the UK.And it was a great reminder of the incredible debt that we owe all of them and their families for their service, for their sacrifice, for all they do to keep us safe.It was a great event and it was wonderful to have Barack and Michelle there.It was also probably the first time in history, as we stood behind that barbecue, that I can say a British Prime Minister has given an American President a bit of a grilling.So I'm going to hold onto that.Over the past year I've got to know the President well.And whether it's in routine situations like sitting round the G8 table, or the slightly less routine of getting a phone call in the middle of the night, I've come to value not just his leadership and courage, but the fact that to all the big international issues of our time, he brings thoughtful consideration and reason.And I know that today, Mr.President, you'll be thinking of the dreadful tornado in Missouri and all those who've lost livelihoods and lost their lives and loved ones.And our hearts in Britain go out to all those people, too.Barack and I know well the shared history of our countries.From the beaches of Normandy to the Imjin River, our soldiers have fought together.From labs in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to Cambridge, England, our scientists have decoded DNA and cured diseases together.And in millions of interactions every day, including our massive business relationship, our people forge friendships together.That is what makes this relationship special.But what makes it essential is that it's not just about history or sentiment;it is a living, working partnership.It is essential to our security and it's essential for our prosperity.And I feel every day just how important this partnership is.The President and I, together with my Deputy Prime Minister, have just had some excellent discussions.We've been talking today about the two things we care about most--getting our people jobs and keeping our people safe.Because every night millions of British and American people take the same worries to bed with them.They're asking if they can find a good job, if they're going to get a paycheck next month, and if there will be work for their children when they grow up.The stark truth of the world today is that no country is owed a living.We've got to pay our way and we've got to earn our way.And that is what the President and I are determined to do.Barack and I did not come into politics to cut public spending, but neither did we seek office to see our great economies decline or to land our children with unsustainable debts.And that is why in the second half of this decade, we're making sure that debt ratios will be falling on both sides of the Atlantic.At the same time, we're investing in our roads and railways, in science and innovation, and above all, in our young people.And down the line, the success of all this won't be measured in export figures or trade flows;it will be in the feelings of the factory worker, whether they're in Phoenix or the shopkeeper in Liverpool or the engineer in Ohio--the people who know if they work hard, then prosperity will be there for them and the promise of a better life there for their children.As well as the economy, the President and I had some very good discussions on security.Now, Americans and Brits, you don't need to explain terrorism to one another.Both our people have suffered at its hands, and indeed they have died together.My wife Samantha was in Manhattan on 9/11, and I'll never forget the five hours of trying to get hold of her.And she'll never forget the New Yorkers that she met that day or the sense of solidarity that she felt that day and that we have felt ever since that day.And today, as we come up to its tenth anniversary, we should remember the spirit of that city and the sympathy we feel with those who lost their loved ones.Now, there are those who say that this terrorist threat is beyond our control, and we passionately believe that is wrong.We can defeat al Qaeda, and the events of recent months give us an opportunity to turn the tide on their terror once and for all.I believe there are three actions we must take.First, we must continue to destroy their terrorist network, and I congratulate the President on his operation against bin Laden.This was not just a victory for justice, but a strike right at the heart of international terrorism.In this vital effort, we must continue to work with Pakistan.People are asking about our relationship, so we need to be clear.Pakistan has suffered more from terrorism than any country in the world.Their enemy is our enemy.So, far from walking away, we've got to work even more closely with them.At the same time, this is a vital year in Afghanistan.British and American forces are fighting side by side in Helmand, right at the heart of this operation.We've broken the momentum of the insurgency, and even in the Taliban's heartland, in Kandahar and central Helmand, they're on the back foot.Now is the moment to step up our efforts to reach a political settlement.The Taliban must make a decisive split from al Qaeda, give up violence, and join a political process that will bring lasting peace to that country.We are agreed to give this the highest priority in the months ahead.Second, we must reach a conclusion to the Arab-Israel peace process.Again, I congratulated the President on his recent speech on the Middle East, which was bold, it was visionary, and it set out what is needed in the clearest possible terms--an end to terror against Israelis and the restoration of dignity to the Palestinians;two states living side by side and in peace.Yes, the road has been, and will be, long and arduous, but the prize is clear.Conclude the peace process and you don't just bring security to the region;you deny extremists one of their most profound and enduring recruiting sergeants, weakening their calling and crippling their cause.That is why whatever the difficulties, we must continue to press for a solution.Our third action must be to help elevate the changes in North Africa and the Arab world from a moment in history to a turning point in history.We've seen some extraordinary things--protesters braving bullets, bloggers toppling dictators, people taking to the streets and making their own history.If global politics is about spreading peace and prosperity, then this is a once-in-a-generation moment to grab hold of.It is not a time for us to shrink back and think about our own issues and interests.This is our issue and this is massively in our interests.Those people in Tahrir Square and Tripoli just want what we have--a job and a voice.And we all share in their success or failure.If they succeed, there is new hope for those living there and there is the hope of a better and safer world for all of us.But if they fail, if that hunger is denied, then some young people in that region will continue to listen to the poisonous narrative of extremism.So the President and I are agreed we will stand with those who work for freedom.This is the message we'll take to the G8 tomorrow when we push for a major program of economic and political support for those countries seeking reform.And this is why we mobilized the international community to protect the Libyan people from Colonel Qaddafi's regime, why we'll continue to enforce U.N.resolutions with our allies, and why we restate our position once more: It is impossible to imagine a future for Libya with Qaddafi still in power.He must go.In all of these actions, we must be clear about our ambitions.Barack and I came of age in the 1980s and '90s.We saw the end of the Cold War and the victory over communism.We saw the invasion of Kuwait by Saddam Hussein and the world coming together to liberate that country.Throughout it all, we saw Presidents and Prime Ministers standing together for freedom.Today, we feel just as passionately about extending freedom as those who came before us;but we also know that idealism without realism does no good for anyone.We have learned the lessons of history.Democracy is built from the ground up.You've got to work with the grain of other cultures, and not against them.Real change takes time.And it's because of this we share the view that our partnership will not just continue, but it will get stronger.And this is a partnership that goes beyond foreign affairs.At home, we have similar goals--to bring more responsibility to our societies, and to bring transparency and accountability to our governments.In all these ambitions, our countries will continue to learn from each other and work with each other.And as ever, it has been a pleasure to talk to the President, and an honor to have him with us today.Mr.President.