大副必须知道的专业面试问题

第一篇：大副必须知道的专业面试问题

2、大副

(1)对一般干散货船而言，表征其重量性能的指标有：排水量和载重量。

(2)根据我国《钢质海船人级与建造规范》的规定，船尺度根据不同的用途和计量方法可为：登记尺度、最大尺度和船型尺度。

(3)沿船舶的设计水线（或夏季满载水线）由首柱前缘到舵柱后缘或舵杆中心线的水平距离为船舶的：①型长；②两柱间长；③垂线间长。

(4)在船舶要素中，船舶的主尺度包括船长、船宽、型深和型吃水。

(5)船舶的空船重量包括：①锅炉中的燃料、冷凝器中水的重量及备件；②船体、机器设备及船舶舾装的重量。

(6)普通货船的船舶常数C是指船舶测定船舶常数时的空船重量与船舶新出厂时空船重量的差值。

(7)船舶总载重量DW是指:在任一水线时船舶所能装载的最大重量。

(8)船舶的每厘米吃水吨数 TPC曲线的用途主要是计算船舶平均吃水及装载量的变化值。

(9)开航前加装油水时尽量将舱柜加满有利于减小自由液面对稳性的影响。

(10)向下移动货物一定使船舶的稳性变小。(11)将舱内货物由二层舱移到底舱，船舶重心不变。

(12)在静稳性曲线图上可以求得：①极限静倾角；②最小倾覆力矩；③船舶的甲板浸水角。

(13)船舶搁浅后，吃水差变化趋势不定。

(14)船舶每厘米纵倾力矩MTC与吃水的关系不能确定。(15)船舶精确的首吃水应为：首垂线上水面与基线间的距离.(16)各层甲板中强度最大的一层甲板是强力甲板。

(17)装运危险货物的船舶，事先必须申请检验并取得船舶装运危险品合格证书，才可承运危险货物。

(18)海运危险货物的标记、标志和标牌，要求保持其永久性，即使其在海水中至少浸泡_三个月_仍然清晰可辨。

(19)失去控制的船舶是指由于异常情况_而不能按本规则要求进行操纵，因而不能给他船让路的船舶。

(20)号灯的显示时间应包括：①能见度不良的白天；②日没到日出；③其它认为有必要的情况下。

(21)白天在能见度不良水域航行时，可视需要开启航行灯。(22)舷灯的水平光弧显示范围为：正前方到各自一舷正横后22.5度。

(23)拖带灯是指具有与尾灯相同特性的黄灯。

(24)机动船从事海上拖带时，在白天应悬挂当长度超过200米时，应悬挂一个菱形体。

(25)在海上，当你看到来船的号灯仅为红、红、白垂直三盏灯，则来船为：失控船在航对水移动。

(26)哪些船舶互见中按规则准许向右转向时应鸣放一短声：①用机器推进的从事捕鱼的船舶；②限于吃水的船舶；③从事拖带作业的船舶；④从事清除水雷作业的船舶。

(27)L≥12米的船舶，应配备一个号钟，一个号笛。(28)互见中相互驶近的船舶，无法了解对方的意图时，应鸣放的声号至少是5短声。

(29)当你听到从右首舷弯道后面传来一长声声号，你应：①回答一长声，并向左转向；②回答一长声，继续保持在水道右侧行驶。

(30)雾中听到他船鸣放“·—·”时，表示该船为锚泊船。(31)雾中发放声号的时间间隔每次不超过号笛为2分钟，号钟、号锣均为1分钟。

(32)操纵能力受到限制船，锚泊中执行任务，当时能见度不良，应鸣放一长两短的笛号。

(33)你船雾中锚泊于海上，听到他船的雾号越来越响并致有构成碰撞危险时，你船除了鸣放规定的钟号、锣号外，还可使用哪种信号来表示你船的存在？汽笛发出“·一·”声号。

(34)正规了望的最基本手段是视觉。

(35)“了望条款”的目的是对当时的局面及碰撞危险作出充分的估计。

(36)在决定安全航速时，应考虑的首要因素是能见度情况。(37)判断碰撞危险的最好方法是罗经方位判断法。(38)航海上常用的求风流合压差的方法有：①物标的正横方位与最小距离方位法；②单物标三方位求航迹向法。

(39)航行中的航线或推算航迹可以认为是不是船位线也不是位置线。

(40)船舶排水量一定时，燃料消耗应与船速的立方成正比。(41)过浅滩时的最小富裕水深用公式求得时应考虑船尾快速下坐因素来确定。

(42)某轮使用回声测深仪测得读数为3米，吃水为7米，当时潮高为l米，则当时的海图水深为9米。

(43)定位后应在航海日志上填写观测的原始数据及有关改正量。(44)中版海图上某处注有20，表示该处为未测到底水深。(45)孤立危险物标志夜问发出联闪两次白光。

(46)夜间用灯塔灯光进行方位定向定位时应先测闪光周期长的灯塔。

(47)三条同一时刻的船位线相交在一点，你应认为其交点仅仅是最或然船位。

(48)在无线电自差表中，以什么为引数查取无线电自差？罗航向。

(49)正常情况下利用雷达定位时，哪种方法所确定的船位最为准确？雷达两距离定位。

(50)单一位置线的用途是：①可以缩小推算船位的误差范围；②可以判定船舶左右偏离航线情况；③可以作避险线。(51)利用雷达测物标的距离时，一船用活动距标相切于物标影像的前沿。

(52)当船舶向海里排放垃圾时，垃圾记录簿应记录哪些内容？①排放的日期和时间；②垃圾种类。

(53)当船舶向岸上或其他船舶排放垃圾时，哪些内容应记入垃圾记录簿? ①排放的日期、时间及港口或船舶的名称；②垃圾种类段每种垃圾的排放量；③负责排放的高级船员的签字。

(54)根据规定，已经签证的船舶，出港前出现哪种情况时应重新办理签证？ ①船长变动；②船舶用途改变。

(55)根据规定，进行明火作业时可燃气体浓度不大于爆炸下限的5%。

(56)自做航线天气预报，最重要的图是高空预报图。

(57)大气层结构稳定度主要取决于大气中温度随高度的变化情况。

(58)主要天气现象发生在哪一层？对流层。(59)气压随高度的变化值为近地面大，高空小。

(60)一船发现另一船的两盏桅灯和两盏舷灯，应认定追越。(错)(61)对遇局面中的机动船是指除失控船、操限船、从事捕鱼船外的任何用机器推进的船舶。(对)(62)让路船的行动是应尽可能及早采取大幅度行动，宽裕地让请他船。(对)(63)直航船“独自采取操纵行动，以避免碰撞”的时机为当发现让路船显然未遵照规则规定采取让路行动时。(对)(64)我国在承认1966年《国际载重线公约》的附则时，声明有保留，我国认为沿海区域应为季节热带区域。(对)(65)国际航行船舶的载重线标志中，北大西洋冬季载重线，是以标有BDD的水平线段表示的。(错)(66)船舶的登记吨位是指船舶根据《法定规则》的各项规定的以容积为丈量单位专用吨位。（对）

(67)船舶的首垂线是指过首柱前缘与夏季载重线的交点所做的垂线。(对)(68)修船时大副在出坞前和进坞后会同船长、轮机长检查船壳和水线以下各种装置。(对)(69)可用任何笔记录航海日志。(错)(70)停泊时每日记录气象的时间为0800、1200、1600。(对)(71)船舶垃圾记录簿用完后保存2年。(对)(72)大副在船舶保养与修理方面的职责？

大副在船舶保养与修理方面的职责有：负责编制甲板部的年度、航次维修保养计划，按计划对救生消防堵漏设备进行维修保养，使其处于良好的技术状态、每航次结束后，填制甲板部航次维修工作报告。

(73)根据规定，船舶发生海上交通事故，必须立即用有效手段扼要报告下列哪些内容？①船舶的名称、呼号，国籍和起迄港；②船舶的所有人或经营人名称；③事故发生的时问、地点、海况及船舶的损害程度、救助要求等。(74)根据规定，进行明火作业应具备的技术条件包括？①可燃气体浓度不大于爆炸下限的5%；②施工现场要清除易燃、易爆物品，备足有效的消防器材；③作业前应查清作业面的反面和四周无易燃、易爆物品；④明火作业前应取得船检部门签发的《船舶可燃气体清除证书》。

(75)SMS体系的方针、目标？

方针：安全第一，预防为主；珍惜生命，保障健康；尊重自然，爱护环境。

目标：实施1SM和NSM规则的目标是：

①保证海上和水上安全；②防止人员伤亡；③避免对环境，特别是对海洋环境和水域造成危害以及对财产造成的损失。

第二篇：船长必须知道的专业面试问题

船长

（1）船长的基本职责有：①应确保值班安排足以保证船舶安全；②采取有效措施防止疲劳操作； ③负责船舶经营管理，与货方签订运输合同。

（2）船长的基本职责包括：①保管船舶公章、船舶与船员证书；②实施和监控SM体系；③防止船员酗酒使值班船员血液中的酒精含量不超过规定标准。

（3）船长的基本职责应包括：①防止超载、超员；②防止水域污染。

（4）属于船长应审阅并签署的船舶文书有：①航海日志；②油类记录簿； ③车钟记录。

（5）船长在开航前的职责是：①确认全部船员已经回船； ②确认无关人员已经离船，防止偷渡。

（6）船长在船舶航行中应做到：①检查和督促值班驾驶员运用各种方法测定船位，保持计划航线；②督促驾驶员及时用各种方法接收气象信息。

（7）航行中遇有哪些情况值班驾驶员应通知机舱做好准备并报告船长？①能虬度不良时；②进入狭水道或交通频繁的海区时；③情况紧急时。

（8）根据规定，船舶在哪些情况下，需要驾驶台应提前通知机舱准备?①接近锚地或引航站；②通过狭水道、浅滩、危险水域；③进出港口。（9）船长在职务调动交接时的职责包括：①船体强度状况；②船员的适任状况；③机电设备技术状况。

（10）船长在职务调动交接时的职责包括：①交接船舶证书及其有效期； ②现存的燃油、淡水和压载情况。

（11）按照SOLAS公约规定，操舵装置的试验和操作要求有哪些？①船舶开航前12小时内应对操舵装置进行检查和试验；②试验和演习的日期应记入航海日志。

（12）ISM规则的内容包括：①船舶和公司同时建立安全管理体系； ②指定与公司和船舶之间进行联系的岸上人员。

（13）安全管理发证的正确叙述为：①“符合证明”(DOC)由主管机关签发给符合1SM规则的公司；②安全管理证书”(SMC)由主管机关签发给已经按照安全管理体系运作的船舶； ③DOC和SMC的有效期均为5年，临时SMC有效期不超过6个月。

（14）当PS C检查时发现哪些情况时可不准船舶开航？①船舶所属公司没有DOC;②没有执行安全管理体系。

（15）根据我国”船舶安全管理体系认证规范”的规定，船级社对船舶的安全管理体系的审核有：①初次审核②附加审核。

（16）为了防止值班人员疲劳，STVW公约规定值班人员每天10小时的最短休息时间可被减至连续的6小时，条件是这种减少不得超过2天，并且7天内的休息时间不少于70小时。

（17）我国《海上交通安全法》对船员的要求包括：①满足最低安全配员的要求；②船员必须经相应的技术培训的要求；③船员必须进行安全操作的要求。

（18）根据规定，船舶发生海上交通事故，必须立即用有效手段扼要报告哪些内容？①船舶的名称、呼号，国籍和起迄港；②船舶的所有人或经营人名称；③事故发生的时间、地点、海况及船舶的损害程度，救助要求等。

（19）某轮以相同的转速航行，推力的正确叙述是：随着船速的提高推力下降。

(20)测定船舶冲程时应选无风流影响，水深应不低于3Dd_。（21）影响兴波阻力的大小是：船首越窄兴波阻力越小。（22）航行中的船舶，如太接近水道一侧时将会产生的现象是：由于转头力矩的作用，使首转向航道中央。

（23）前进中船舶产生逆风偏转现象的是快速船。

（24）舵效与船舶的纵、横倾有关，横倾时向低舷侧转舵，舵效较差。

（25）为使被拖船具有最大的转船力矩，拖轮的作用点应原离被拖船中心为好，且拖力方面尽量与被拖船的首尾面垂直。

（26）船舶在港内操纵时，为了增加舵效，可以提高舵速来增加旋回力矩，应采取的正确措施是：加大螺旋桨转速。

（27）从船舶操纵性来看，肥大丰满的船具有T大的特点，瘦削型船具有K大的特点。

（28）若T为负值时，则说明该轮是：不具备航向稳定性。（29）在弯曲水道中的水流方向是：涨流与落流都冲向凹岸一边。（30）顺流抛锚掉头的操作步骤为：停车淌航，作舵，短暂倒车，抛锚。

（31）在大风浪中顺浪航行的条件是：①波长小于船长时；②波长大大超过船长时。

（32）在北半球台风的危险半圆是指台风的右半圆。

（33）在北半球可航半圆内避台操纵法是：①使右首受风顶风滞航；②使右尾受风驶离。

（34）海上拖带中发生偏荡应采取的措施是：①改变拖船航速； ②被拖船注入压载水，以增加吃水。

（35）判断一船是否为限于吃水的船舶应考虑的因素是：①吃水和可航水域的宽度、水深的关系；②在考虑吃水与可航水域的水深和宽度的关系时，更主要的是可航水域的宽度而不是水深。

（36）能见度不良是指：能见距离受到限制的情况。

（37）在海上，看到来船的号灯为红、绿、白垂直三盏灯，则来船为：在航帆船。

（38）拖带灯是指具有：与尾灯相同特性的黄灯。

（39）机动船当拖带长度超过200米时，应显示：以三盏桅灯取代后桅灯或前桅灯。

（40）一艘”失控船”在航处于被拖带时应显示舷灯与尾灯。（41）机动船从事海上拖带时，在白天应悬挂：当长度超过200米时，应悬挂一个菱形体。

（42）在海上，当你看到来船的号灯仅为红、红、白垂直三盏灯，则来船为：失控船在航对水移动。

（43）当你看到三个垂直黑球，它表示：一船处于搁浅。（44）搁浅船应：除按同等长度船舶显示锚灯之外，另应显示两盏垂直环照红灯。

（45）在海上用雷达协助避让时，如用降速，应至少降速多少才能作为宽让？原航速的1/2。

（46）在能见度不良的水域中，一船在雷达上发觉与正前方或接近正前方的来船不能避免紧迫局面时，应将航速减到维持航向的最小速度。

（47）当一船听到“·—·”的雾号显示在本船的正前方，且该船在事先未采取雷达探测，则①立即停车，并维持航向；②必要时，应把船完全停住。

（48）主要天气现象发生在对流层。

（49）气压随高度变化值为：近地面大，高空小。

（50）地转风的风压的关系是：背风而立，北半球：高压在右，低压在左，南半球：高压在左，低压在右。

（51）在整个北半球范围内，从南到北构成了大气的”三圈环流”即：①低纬环流，②中纬环流，③高纬环流，其中①和③是”正环流”，②是”反环流”。

（52）哪些雾的形成是经过空气冷却过程的？辐射雾，平流雾（53）在做海雾判测时，必须符合海水表层水温低于空气的露点温度才有海雾生成。（54）在某高空图上，你看到等高线分别用296，300，304等数值表示，此高空图为：700hpa等压面图。

（55）航迹推算一般应在船驶出引航水域并测得航位后立即开始推算。

（56）航海上常用的求风流合压差的方法有：①物标的正横方位与最小距离方位法;②单物标三方位求航迹向法.（57）陆标方位定位时，有远近不等的数个物标分布在船的周围，在选取物标时应尽量选取离船近些的物标，才能提高定位精度。

（58）用叠标导航驶离港口时，如发现后标在前标的左边，你船应向右转舵。

（59）测深辩位时应垂直于等深线测定。

（60）在利用浮标导航时，应按本船计划航线航行。（61）船舶排水量一定时，燃料消耗应与船速的立方成正比。(62)“航路指南”的作用是补充海图资料的不足。

（63）船速15节以下，沿岸航行定位时间要求每隔1/2小时定位一次。

（64）狭水道按导标航行时，其要点是保持导标方位不变。（65）岛礁区航行转向时，为避开新航线正横附近的危险物，转向物标必须选在：在新航线前方附近。

（66）过浅滩时的最小富裕水深用公式求得时应考虑哪些因素来确定？船尾快速下坐。

（67）“安全航速”是指允许有充分时间，以便能采取适当而有效的行动（包括把船停住）以避免碰撞的速度。（错）

（68）高空等压面天气图上，表征流场形式的等值线是等高线。(对)（69）船舶发生碰撞且某船撞入他船船体时，该船应采取的操纵措施是：立即开微进车顶住对方，减少进水量。(对)（70）沿岸航线应设计在20米等深线之外。(对)（71）在浅水域抛锚时，最大水深不得超过一舷锚链总长的1/4，否则将会影响锚的抓力。(对)（72）沿岸航线即使在最佳条件下，离开危险物的距离也应在1海里以上。(对)（73）航行中的航线或推算航迹可以认为是位置线的一种。(错)（74）船舶在我国沿海水域发生海上交通事故时，应在进入我国第一港口后12小时内呈报”海上交通事故报告书”。(对)（75）抛八字锚应保持两链间的合适夹角是60度—90度。(对)（76）港区锚地，由于船舶密集，水域有限，单锚泊所需的水域的半径按L+(60—90)m估算。(对)（77）你船在沿海航行时遇到大风暴，需到附近以前未去过的港口避风，为了安全，你在进港避风前，应做哪些工作？

①了解海图，航路指南，潮汐等港口情况； ②注意附近海区有否障碍物； ③选定航向时要考虑安全：

④在港内，考虑到避风船可能密集，所以在选定避风锚地应考虑多种方案。

（78）台风袭来前的天气和海浪的预兆是什么？

①气象：在距台风中心约500海里时，正常的天色转变成好象早晚霞一般的颜色，一般在距台风中心500海里的地方，天空出现丝状或条状卷云，见到高云有从东往西移动的现象，当地的盛行风如出现不正常的现象；②海浪：如果发现无风来长浪，就说明远处有台风存在。从涌浪的来向可以判断台风中心所在方向，如果涌浪来向比较稳定，且涌高逐渐变大，说明台风正在接近。

（79）为了减轻拍底，船舶应： ①保持船首吃水大于1/2满载吃水； ②避免纵摇和垂荡出现谐摇； ③降低船速，使F-y一0.1。（80）SMS体系的方针、目标？

方针：安全第一，预防为主；珍惜生命，保障健康；尊重自然，爱护环境。

目标：公司实施ISM和NSM规则的目标是： ①保证海上和水上安全： ②防止人员伤亡：

③避免对环境，特别是对海洋环境和水域造成危害以及对财产造成的损失。

第三篇：大副面试问题

1.Can you tell me about your educational background and working experience? A reference answer: I graduated from Jimei Navigation College in 1992.I studied there for three years.I have worked as a seamen on eight ships for nearly ten years.I have the experience of Chief Officer for two ships.I have worked both Chinese and foreign shipowners in the past ten years.2.Can you tell me the responsibilities of the Chief Officer? Under the leadership of the Master, the Chief Officer shall carry out the daily management of the deck department, and he is also responsible for cargo handling.The specific duties include:(1)watch-keeping from 0400-0800 hours and 1600-2000 hours;(2)safety of the ship and work place, safety equipment;(3)daily safety and sanitary inspection;(4)store and spare parts inventory management;(5)maintenance on deck;(6)stowage plan making;(7)supervision of the loading and unloading process;(8)cargo caring on board;(9)some other work and duties designated by the master of the vessel.3.Can you talk about the previous vessels(last vessel)you worked on board? It was an ocean-going ship, but it mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe.It was an old ship about 14 years old.But the general condition of the ship was quite good because we did very good maintenance work ob board.4.What types of cargoes have ever been carried on board your last vessel? I have worked on bulk carriers and general cargo vessels and I have experienced a lot of cargo handling.这是一个很重要的问题,因为大副的一个很重要职务便是货物管理。大副应该对不同货物的 装卸、配载、保管、单据、保险等相关问题有所了解。5.Where was your last vessel's trading(plying, sailing)area? It was an ocean-going ship, but it mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe.She has ever been to New Orleans, Long Beach, New York, Rotterdam, Hamburg and so on.6.Did you have the experience of working with foreign crews? What were their nationalities? The last two vessels I worked on had crew from several countries.The masters were from Indian, the Chief Engineers were from Hong Kong and Philippine and other seamen were from China, Indian Burma and Vietnam.中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 2 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

7.Can you tell me how to make a stowage plan? Based on the capacity of the hold, the stowage factors, types of cargo, loading and discharging ports rotation, I shall calculate the volume of the cargo that is to be loaded into different holds.Then I shall calculate the draft of the vessel and trimming, shear force, bending moment to meet the requirements of the ship.At last, stowage plan is made based on these factors.8.What does a stowage factor of mean? A stowage factor of any cargo is the figure that expresses the number of cubic units of measure needed to accommodate one unit of weight-how many cubic meters is needed to stow one metric ton of certain goods.Stowage factors should include allowance for dunnage, irregular size of certain goods, pallets and something else.Even the most carefully determined stowage factor is not absolute and it should be used only as a guide while planning cargo disposition.9.If there happens stevedore damage to cargo, equipment or ship' s structure in the loading or discharging ports, what should you do? If damage happens, I must record it first and then report it in an appropriate written form to the master and other parties concerned.The report must be signed by the liable parties admitting they have(or have not)responsibility for the damage.The damage report shall be carefully worded and shall be supported with photos and other evidence, if any.The damage report should also include the following contents: ship’s name, voyage number, date, geographical location, name of the person who took the photos and his signature, location where the photo was taken, and what is intended to show.10.What precautions do you have to take before cargo operation is carried out? I shall check the pre-cargo operation check lists to make sure that no item is missing.The following procedures are to be adopted:(1)the Chief Officer shall make a cargo operation plan, in which the following factors shall be considered: the cargo must be stowed in such way that the stability, trim, shearing forces and bending moments are within the limits as laid down by the stability manual;excessive weight on tank tops, tween decks and hatch covers must be avoided;and cargo must be stowed and secured in such way as to avoid damage-which can result in possible loss of life or property.(2)Pre-operation conference with all ship's personnel to be involved in the cargo operation should be held to discuss such matters as cargo disposition, numbers of gangs and working hours, usual and special safety requirements, ballasting and de-ballasting information, special requirements regarding cargo operation, damage prevention and control, personnel organization, cargo watch etc.The Chief Officer must ensure that all relevant personnel have fully understood the intended cargo and all usual and special safety and operational requirements.11.What will you do if cargo damage is found or suspected before loading or during loading? I shall report to the master first and foremost.The master should decide whether to replace the damaged cargo.For the full-set machines and high-valued products I must ask for the replacement in the loading port if damages are found.If the damaged cargoes cannot be replaced, the Chief Mate shall make remarks on the Mate’s Receipt.中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 3 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

If disputes happen on the quantity and quality of the cargoes, I shall, at the discretion of the master, ask the cargo surveyor to do the survey.If necessary, under the endorsement of the ship owner, I shall write a Letter of Protest(based on the format provided by the company)to prove the innocence of the seamen on board.During the voyage, if a very small amount of cargo is damaged, with the permission of the master, I shall throw it away into the sea to avoid any disputes with any third party.12.What are the differences between the Bill of Lading and the Mate's Receipt? A Tally Sheet is the basis of the Mate’s Receipt.The Mate’s Receipt is the basis of the B/L.The condition of the cargo is clearly shown on the Mate’s Receipt.It is very important to make sure that the cargo condition on the bill of lading is the same as that on the Mate’s Receipt.The Mate’s Receipt is the legal evidence of the cargo received and the B/L is the legal evidence of the cargo ownership.If the consigner wants the master to issue a clean B/L on the basis of unclean Mate’s Receipt, the master firstly must ask for permission from the company.K the company agrees, the consigner must issue reliable Letter of Indemnity or Letter of Guarantee.13.If the draft survey proves a shortage of cargo after loading is completed, what will you do apart from reporting to the Master? Will you make any remarks on the Mate's Receipt? In this case, I shall report the problem to the master first.With the permission of the master, I shall ask the third party surveyor to do the survey.K the survey shows there is shortage or damage of the cargo, I shall write remarks on the Mate’s Receipt showing the loss or damage or shortage.The third party is to be invited to make the objective report on the real quantity of the volume of the cargo.K the cargo is proved to be in shortage, I shall write remarks on the Mate’s Receipt.14.What do you know about the ISM code and SMS? How many chapters are there in the ISM Code(as amended)? What are these chapters? The ISM code is the International Safety Management Code.The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment and to property.The 16 chapters of ISM Code are: general, safety and environment protection policy, company responsibilities and authority, designated person(s), master's responsibilities and authority, resources and personnel, development of plans for shipboard operation, emergency preparedness, reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents and hazardous occurrences , maintenance of the ship and equipment, documentation, company verification, review and evaluation, certification and verifications and control, certification and periodical verification, verification, interim certification, and forms of certificates.The last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code.SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS74.The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of Compliance(DOC)and SMC without audited Safety Management Certificate(SMC)by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.Every 中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 4 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

company should develop, implement and maintain a safety management system(SMS).15.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity mean respectively? Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the non-fulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code.(摘自新ISM Code原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵,但至少要知道大致的内容,尤其要知道,ISM规则

是变化的、开放的国际公约,其内容经过修改和增加。此外,随着ISM规则的改变,各船东和管 理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。16.Have you experienced any on-board internal audit before? The onboard internal audit is carried out at the discretion of the Designated Person of the owner.When the auditors come on board, the seamen should give full support to them.If observation or non-conformity items are found in the audit, these items should be treated with due diligence and rectified on time.As the Chief Officer, I should be very familiar with the operation and calibration of the gas detector and the loading computer.17.What is Garbage Management Plan? The MARPOL 73/78 requires that a Garbage Management Plan should be developed in accordance with the IMO guidelines on board almost all ships.The Plan includes the procedures for garbage collection, separation, processing and disposal, as well as the management and requirements of garbage processing equipment, implementation of the Plan and crew responsibilities.All processing work should be recorded in the Garbage Record Book.18.How do you carry out the deck machinery maintenance? On board the last vessel, I often ordered my Bosun to organize the deck crew to maintain such equipment as windlass, steering engine, derrick, crane, wires, meters and winch.Chipping and greasing are also among their daily routines as per the PMS(Planned Maintenance System).All maintenance plans for the machines in the deck department shall be made by the Chief Officer.19.As the Chief Officer, what precautions do you have to take to prepare for the PSC inspection? The Chief Officer should arrange for the checks of the following items: LSA and FFE equipment, garbage disposal records, gangway safety, ballasting system, sanitary condition, especially in the accommodation area, the galley, provisions stores, cargo operation safety and documents.Besides, the Chief Officer should follow the Master's instructions in organizing the emergency drills.20.What precautions do you have to take before entering an enclosed space? I shall nominate the standby personnel and prepare the ventilation, breathing tool, connecting signals, oxygen, air and poisonous gases testing equipment, and other necessary equipment according to the checklist.I shall then get the Master's signature on the checklist.中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 5 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

21.What checks do you have make before any hot work is permitted? I must make sure of the following: There is no gas leakage on cargo deck or pump room area;The nearby places shall be free of inflammable materials or gases and portable extinguishers are available;The area where the hot work is done is not piled with solvents of any kind, including diesel oil, kerosene, paint, cleaners and thinners;Gas testing is also important to make sure no flammable or toxic gas is present at the work site and that the oxygen content is 21% by volume;Ventilation condition should also be checked before any hot work is done;The Master's approval must be obtained under all circumstances.While in port, you must also get the port authority approval.22.On board your previous vessels, how often did you conduct a fire-fighting drill? I carried out a fire fighting drill at least once every month.23.What are the Chief Officer's responsibilities with regards to cargo operation? The Chief Officer is in charge of safe handling of all cargo operation.He must submit all cargo plans to the master for approval and discuss any critical stage of cargo operation with the Master.He is responsible for making cargo records, time sheets, port logs and other paperwork related to cargo operation.He must also prepare cargo operation order and get all duty officers to read and understand it.24.What are the Chief Officer's responsibilities with regard to deck maintenance? The Chief Officer should prepare the deck maintenance schedule-both the long-term and short-term onesa promise to carry and deliver the cargo.It constitutes the apparent order, condition, and quantity or weight of goods at the time of shipment.It is also a document of tide(property)of the cargo.A clean B/L is one on which there is not any remark of cargo loss, shortage or damage.An unclean B/L is also called claused B/L, which carries some remarks of cargo damage, quantity shortage and so on.41.What is back dated or anti-dated B/L? What is advanced B/L? A back dated B/L is a B/L whose issuing date is earlier than the virtual loading completion date.An advanced B/L means a B/L that is signed and issued by the carrier before the completion of loading.Both backdated and advanced B/Ls will bring some dangers and liabilities to the shipowner and charterer.42.What anti-stowaway precautions should you take before the vessel sails from a port? Before departure from any port, stowaway search has to be carried out.The following spaces shall be searched thoroughly: void space, chain lockers, funnel, and other places where the stowaways can hide themselves.If stowaways are discovered before the ship sails, arrangement has to be made for his immediate disembarkation.Records have to be made in the Ship's Logs and the company should be notified.Necessary steps should be taken to prevent any further reoccurrence.43.Who should not be allowed to have the shore leave at the same time? In view of the jobs on board, the following positions and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and the Chief Officer;the Chief Engineer and First Engineer;the Chief Engineer and Electrician;the Bosun and Pumpman(in tankers);the Chief Cook and Second Cook(or mess boy);The Chief Officer and Pumpman(in tankers).Any crew who wants to have shore leave must check with the department head for permission and return to the vessel on time.44.What is me maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%.Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 9 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

45.What hand of garbage cannot be thrown into incinerator? The following garbage can not be thrown into the incinerator: • Any containers that once contained gases under pressure, or aerosol cans;• The materials that may produce harmful gases or ashes;• The materials that may produce high temperature and prolonged incineration of such materials that may cause damage to the incinerator.46.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Muster Lists did you have on the last vessel? A Muster List should include the following points:(1)Details of emergency alarm signal;How ship-abandon order According to the STCW95, the BAG shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAG to be no more than 0.04%.Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.(2)will be given;(3)Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled;(4)The boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed in an abandon ship situation;(5)The specific group to which a person belongs and general duties during various emergencies;(6)Any additional or specific duties;(7)Specific assembly point of each group.The Muster Lists must be ready before a ship sails.We had the following Muster lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil pollution prevention station.47.What is heavy weather condition? Under heavy weather conditions, what preparations should you make before sailing? I think heavy weather means weather conditions of wind force of 8 or above on the Beaufort scale and wave height of greater than 5 meters.During heavy weather conditions, the following preparations should be made:(1)If possible, select a route that can avoid the heavy weather area;(2)Inform the crew of the predicted heavy weather and issue a warning.Make sure that the warning is known to all crew on board;(3)Check the hull strength based on stowage calculations, cargo loading and stability documents.Ballast the ship to increase the draught and take action to prevent propeller racing, reduce oscillations and slamming of the ship if the ship is in ballasting condition;(4)Make sure the following holes are closed: hatches, cargo hold, bosun's store, manhole;accesses to accommodation spaces and steering gear room;tank air pipes, sounding caps;all water-tight doors and water-tight openings on the ship;(5)Ensure that measures are taken to prevent movement of cargo and other objects on various parts of the ship;(6)Ensure that cargo gears such as derricks, cranes and life boat are securely lashed;(7)Ensure that the conditions of the stowage of anchors and anchor chains are checked;(8)Keep critical checklists on the bridge for reference.中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 10 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

48.Under heavy weather conditions, what preparations should you make before sailing? If navigating in heavy weather, the following should be paid attention to: Adopt measures to prevent slamming and pounding of the ship, considering the frequency of encounters with swells and change speed or course if necessary? a)The watch keeping officer shall change over to parallel operation of the steering gear, if possible;b)If possible, change the auto pilot to “rough sea mode” or change over to manual mode;c)Master shall frequently check the weather and sea conditions, observe future changes and judge if there is a problem with the present course and speed;d)Report the weather to the nearest port authority or the ships in the vicinity on the bad weather and ask them to be careful and warn them;e)The master shall check the abnormalities whenever possible to make the ship in good condition.49.If the stevedores damage the crane, derrick or any other equipment on board, what should you do? Firstly, I shall ask the duty officer have a careful supervision when the stevedores are loading and unloading cargo and ask the duty officers to report to me any incident or any damage the workers have done to the vessel equipment.If equipment damages occur, usually, I will see how serious the damage is.If the damage is serious, I shall report to the master immediately.If the damage is not very serious, I shall ask the stevedore company to make repair.At least, I shall ask the stevedores to acknowledge their liabilities.But anyway, I shall not allow the stevedore workers to leave the vessel until the damage is settled properly.50.Before and during dry-docking for the vessel, what should a Chief Officer do? The Chief Officer shall prepare a detailed repair list for the approval of the master and the company;adjust the proper trim as per the dock's requirements and make out a safety procedure before drydocking.The Chief Officer should also make an assignment plan for the deck officers and crew during drydocking.When the repair work is being done, the Chief Officer should have a good supervision on the jobs and ensure safety of the workers and the seamen.51.How do you balance the interests between the ship owner and the charterer? Sometimes, the crew are heavily pressured in the circumstances: the charterer just pushes the master to catch time, but there will be no time for the maintenance and repairs for the vessel.But I know that the charterer is very important to the ship owner, so good relation with the charterer is very important to both the master and the ship owner.船东希望大副既能和租家建立良好的关系,又能维护船东的利益。因为大副挣的是船东的工 资,但船东挣的是客户(租家)的钱。52.What do you know about BC Code? The BC code refers to the IMO Bulk Cargo Code.In this code, bulk cargo operation procedures are stated.This is a very important manual and the Chief Officer must study it with care and follow the instructions in the Code at work, especially when he makes the stowage plan.53.How should you deal with the garbage on board the ship? 中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 11 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

MARPOL 73/78 provides for detailed regulations on garbage disposal.Usually, any shipping company should have its own Garbage Management Plan in its SMS manuals.Usually, the Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer is the designated person in charge of carrying out the garbage disposal , but all crew on board should follow the garbage management plan.Garbage is disposed in four steps, i.e.collection, separation, processing and disposal.The Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer should make clear records in the Garbage Record Book.The Master has to make sure the Garbage Record Book is available for checks at any time.The garbage can roughly be divided into two types: the biodegradable and persistent garbage.The former refer to those that can be rotten by themselves, such as food paper, and wood;the latter refers to those that can not rotten themselves, such as plastic, mental etc.The persistent garbage can never be thrown into the sea.54.When should a turnover/handover of watch be deferred or postponed? Usually, under the following situations, the turnover can be deferred or even postponed:(1)If the officer on watch has reason to believe that the relieving officer is obviously not able to carry out his duties effectively;(2)when bridge maneuver is taking place, turnover of watch must be deferred until the action is completed and the ship is in a safe condition for the relief of the watch to take place.55.Under what situations should you as the officer on watch reduce the ship's speed? Can you give some examples? The OOW should not hesitate to use engine to reduce the speed for safety.Some examples are:(1)when the ship meets restricted visibility;(2)when the ship is in heavy traffic area;(3)when the ship is in a close quarter situation.56.What actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expected? The following actions should be taken.(1)Call or notify the master;(2)Stand by engine and sail at safe speed;(3)Switch on the navigational lights;(4)Switch on and sound fog signals;(5)Switch on ARPA and Radar;(6)Shift to manual steering for maneuver;(7)Post additional lockout.57.What precautions should be taken 12 hours before arrival at or departure from any port? Tests on the following should be made before entering or getting underway:(1)Primary and secondary steering gear.(2)Internal control communications and control alarm.(3)Standby and emergency generator.(4)Storage batteries for emergency lighting.(5)Main propulsion ahead and astern.58.What should you do in case of steering failure? When steering failure occurs, I shall immediately inform the engine room to change to the emergency steering gear.hi the meantime I shall report to the master.K no further incidents occur, I will get the signals hoisted for a vessel not under command.59.Do you know something about the internal and the external audit? Internal audit is a systematic check of the management and operation situation of the vessel.The internal audit, as I remember, is carried out at least once a year.The external audit is carried out the Classification of the vessel.The surveyor of the Class usually comes on board the check.中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列大副面试问题及参考答案第 12 页 “中国海员之家”网站(http://www.xiexiebang.com)搜集整理出品,更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

60.What is safety speed during sailing? What factors should you consider in deciding the speed of a vessel during sailing in the sea? The safe speed is the speed at which the vessel can take proper and effective actions to be stopped in a safe distance.The following factors should be taken into account to achieve safe speed: visibility, number of ships in the area, the ship s maneuverability, wind force, sea tide and current, background lights, draught and available depth of water, proximity of navigational hazards, standard and operation of technical equipment on board, ice condition and so on.61.When navigating in a crossing situation, as a duty officer, what anti-collision measures should be taken? When the vessels are proceed on head-on condition, what anti-collision rule should be observed? When a power-driven ship and sailing meet in the sea, what anti-collision rule should be observed? When two power-driven ships are crossing, the ship which has the other ship on her own starboard side shall keep out of way.To do this, this ship can either alter course to starboard side or slow down her speed in order to avoid collision.When two power-driven ships are meeting head-on situation or near head-on situation, each ship shall alter course to starboard so that they can pass on the port side of each other at a safe distance.When a ship sails at a higher speed overtakes another ship, the ship shall sails at higher speed or shall alter its course to avoid collision.A power-driven ship shall keep out of the way of a sailing ship.This can be done by either altering its course or speed up to avoid collision.

第四篇：轮机长必须知道的专业面试问题

5、轮机长

（1）1998年1月1日起实施的《中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则》规定，船上应做好船员工作时间和休息时间的记录，应将值班安排表张贴在显而易见处，接受授权的海事机构检查。

（2）在调动交接班中，交班轮机长应办理好有关机损事故报告。（3）在轮机管理工作中，”船舶机电设备维修保养月度报告”主要记录机电设备的使用维修情况，未完成的维修项目，现存问题及合理建议，由轮机长填写。

（4）船员调动交接班制度规定，轮机长在交接时双方必须共同到现场进行交接的是：①经常容易出故障的设备及应急操作措施；②安全报警装置或信号的可靠性；③应急设备的位置及操作方法。

（5）航行中值班轮机员若发现重要机件严重损坏，威胁主机安全，情况危急时可以采取先停车后报告驾驶台。

（6）当曲柄的△-为负值时，该曲柄的两个主轴承位置偏左，曲轴轴线呈“(”状态。

（7）船舶柴油主机由制造到装船使用要经过材料成分分析、重要部件试验、出厂试验、系泊和航行试验5个阶段，其中需要进行“材料成分分析”的部件有：①主轴承横梁；②曲轴；③高压油管；④起动空气管。

（8）船舶较长时间的安全航行记录可以减少保险费。（9）船舶最佳经济航速受营运成本和收入因素的影响，营运成本和收入的变化时船舶盈利值和最大盈利航速的变化是燃油费用减少时成本降低，盈利增加，最佳盈利航速可增加。

（10）营运船舶常用的经济航速概念有三种，其中只考虑了柴油机本身经济性的是：①最低油耗率航速；②最低燃油费用航速。

（11）超声波探伤时，距离表面一段距离内的缺陷难以探测，是因为缺陷波与初始波难分辩。

（12）爆压偏高，排温亦偏高，其主要原因是供油量过大。（13）柴油机曲轴箱油化验报告中标明有氯离子含量，则说明有海水漏入。

（14）在轮机部工具管理工作中正确的做法是：专用测量工具应保持良好的精度，一般应由大管轮或轮机长使用管理。

（15）根据PMS检查项目规定，船舶应急发电机组检验内容有：①手动和自动启动及自动合闸，记录启动时间和自动合闸供电时间：②对第二电源应作：3次手动启动试验③修理后，应在工作状态下作运行试验，并记录拆修内容和试验项目。

（16）修船时的厂修检验项目，向船级社提出检验申请的一般由厂方。

（17）法定检验展期期限一般不超过3个月。

（18）中国籍船舶”营运中的检验”包括检验、中间检验、定期检验、换证检验、船底外部检验及附加检验。

（19）不符合ccs关于”损坏和修理检验”的是对涉及船级的机械进行修理时，如无验船师在场不得进行修理。

（20）在编制修理单的同时，根据修理项目的需要：①应做好所需备件的订货工作；②在修理单上注明备件由船方提供。

（21）根据1995年12月1日实施的GB《海船系泊及航行试验通则》规定，在系泊试验时对柴油发电机组应进行单机调速性能试验，试验项目有：①稳态特性试验应测定转速稳定率和转速波动率；②动态特性试验应测试突加和突减负荷时的瞬时调速率和稳定调速率及稳定时间。

（22）一般来说，船上安全管理的要点在于”组织一素质一响应”，其中”素质”应指与安全有关的道德、身心、技术、能力及语言素质。

（23）限制船舶柴油机排气对大气的污染途径有：①建立废气清洗系统或等效的其他减少NOX的排放；②通过控制燃油含硫量达到限制S02的排放。

(24)检验污油水分离装置超负荷的方法是低位旋塞能放出油。(25)ISM规则运用IS09000系列标准的架构和机理，建立了通过加强公司安全管理来控制人为因素的管理体系，使船上安全管理置于系统化管理之中。

(26)有关ISM证书的正确叙述？①国际航行船舶应同时持有有效的DOC的副本和SMC；②船舶如不持有DOC的副本，则SMC视为无效；③如果船舶不持有有效的1SM证书，将成为港口国滞留船舶的理由。

(27)对“人员安全素质”相关内容理解正确的是“职业道德素质”是指敬业爱岗、人道意识、保护海洋的使命感。

(28)巴黎备忘录对某些船舶实施扩大范围的检查，包括船龄12年以上的散货船、船龄10年以上的化学品船船舶。

(29)IMO出台海上保安强化措施的目的在于加强船舶和港口设施合作，探察并制止威胁海运领域行为的保安国际框架。

(30)根据规定，有关对船舶进行安全检查的叙述正确的是？①船员应按检查人员的要求调试和操纵有关设备；②对中国籍船检查后应签发《船舶安全检查通知书》；③对外国籍船检查后应签发《亚太地区港口国监督检查报告》。

(31)可列为船舶保险规定的除外责任范围的是：①燃料不足；②船上没有轮机长。

(32)根据1992年伦敦部保险商协会公布的全世界全损船舶统计，80%是人为因素，90%是老龄船舶。

(33)国际民事责任公约规定，失事船舶对遭受污染国应负赔偿的责任是船舶所有人。

(34)我国人民保险公司船舶保险条款的免赔额采用绝对免配额；当碰撞双方互有过失时，除一方或双方所有人受法律限制外，保险人的赔偿按交叉责任限制原则计算。

(35)“船舶保安计划”的演习与演练，其目的是确保船上人员熟练履行在各保安等级所承担的保安职责，发现需加以解决的任何与保安有关的缺陷。

(36)轮机长职责规定，轮机长在厂修期间的主要工作是：①组织监修、自修、测量测量记录和验收工作；②亲自参加重要机电设备和应急设备的验收。(37)《中华人民共和国船员违纪记分管理办法》规定，海事机构对船员违法记分应记录在《船员服务簿》“主管机关签注

（一）”一栏中。

(38)STCW95公约规定，轮机长应保证做到将值班时的修理工作通知负责值班的轮机员。

(39)厂修所用材料不符合要求造成的机损事故不属于船员责任事故。

(40)轮机长在安全工作中主要的作用是组织和激励，“组织”作用主要体现在确定组织的目标，调节组织关系，指挥和控制组织的行为。

(41)当船舶进出港时轮机长一定要亲临机舱。(42)轮机部的航行和停泊表，一般应由大管轮安排。

(43)为防止应急设备所用蓄电池发生极板磁化现象，在轮机员的管理工作中，轮机长应特别关注按时进行过充电和定期进行全容量放电。

(44)《中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试、评估和发证规则》规定，同时申请适任证书航区扩大和吨位（功率）提高，应持有与所申请航区和吨位（功率）均较低一级，相同职务适任证书，且任职满18个月。

(45)船舶用品和其它消耗品是一项相当大的开支，其成本很难降低，关键在于：①加强库存管理；②反对浪费。

(46)状态监控设备是指利用状态监控技术对设备进行定期监测，由监测数据分析结果确定维修保养。

(47)主机曲轴箱滑油，一般的化验项目是：①闪点、酸值；②粘度、总碱值。

(48)加装燃油后，应填写在油类记录薄上的内容是：①加油地点、日期、时间；②装油种；数量；油舱编号。

(49)发电柴油机的滑油被氧化变质，粘度增加超过原有粘度值的20%时应换新滑油。

(50)酸性焊条多用于焊接低碳钢。

(51)中国船级社的“船舶机械计划保养系统(PMS)检验指南”作用：①船东执行PMS时的指导性文件；②中国船级社验船师执行PMS时的指导性文件；③轮机长执行PMS时的指导性文件。

(52)检验，验船师可向使用部门提出：①检查测量、修理记录；②检查使用记录。

(53)船舶公证检验与法定检验、船级检验的不同在于：没有规定的检验间隔。

(54)验船师对船舶进行公证检验时，是以第三者的身份执检。(55)修船前编制修理单的依据是：①公司的修船计划；②船舶技术状况。

(56)船舶坞修时换新尾轴密封装置，应首先在车间作液压试验，但轮机长应在现场监督试验。

(57)坞修结束坞内放水后，轮机部第一件工作应是海水系统放气。(58)STCW78/95公约新增加的STCW规则B部分，在保持轮机值班的指导中规定“特别重要”的是指负责值班的高级船员要认识到有效地履行其职责对海上人命财产和防止海洋污染的必要性。

(59)应对船上油污应急计划作定期的：①评估；②检查；③修改。(60)ISM规则目标包含三层意思，ISM规则总目标、公司的安全管理目标、安全管理体系目标，试问安全管理体系目标是：①符合强制性规定与规则：②对有关机构、组织所建议的适用的规则、指南、及标准予以考虑。

(61)《中华人民共和国船舶最低安全配员规则》规定，具有AUT-O附加标志3000KW及以上的海船轮机部最低配员应是轮机长、大管轮及机工1人。

(62)实施ISM规则必须注意在某种情况下，特别是在SMC初始运行期间：①主管机关可认为有必要增加中间验证次数；②不合格的因素也可作为增加中问验证次数的依据。

(63)当PSC官员按照船舶操作性要求检查船员的消防演习时，检查的项目可包括：①观察船员如何将火警报告给驾驶台；②伤员急救措施。

(64)采取更详细检查的明显理由是，由PSCO的一般印象或观察所获得证据表明船舶安全、船舶防污染、航行设备方面存在严重缺陷。

(65)SOLAS公约附则第3章《国际救生设备》规则对救生艇机燃料储备的要求是，应配备适用于船舶营运航区预期温度范围内足够的燃料，以供满载的救生艇以6kn的航速运转不少于24h，发动机还应能在救生艇离水冷态运转不少于5min。

(66)根据现行SOIAS公约的规定，防火安全的目标有：①防止火灾和爆炸的发生；②减少火灾对船舶、船上货物和环境的破坏危险； ③为乘客和船员提供充分和随时可用的脱险通道。

(67)我国法院对哪些碰撞案件具有管辖权？①碰撞发生在我国港口；②碰撞的受害船最初到达我国港口；③碰撞加害方为避免其船舶在我国被扣留，在我国提供了担保时；④碰撞船之一的船籍港为我国港口。

(68)根据我国《海商法》规定，双方过失程度相当的船舶碰撞，双方承担的民事责任原则为由先有过失一方承担全部责任。

(69)我国负责实施《ISPS规则》的指定当局是交通部水运司，负责实施《ISPS规则》的主管机关是国家海事局_。

(70)STCW95规则第A-rll/2节规定：轮机长实际知识水平达到对电气电子控制设备的：①操作；②测试和保养；③故障诊断。

(71)柴油机冷却水化验和投药处理由大管轮负责。(72)中速柴油机其最低稳定转速应小于额定转速的40%。(73)操作侧推器时的注意事项有：船速在Skn以下方可使用侧推器；起动主电动机时要使螺距角置于0位。

(74)船舶保安计划”规定，船舶应具有监控船舶、船上的限制区域、船舶周围区域能力。

(75)浅水区航行，当值班轮机员发现主机负荷变化异常，在采取措施之前应当主动向驾驶台询问情况。(76)轴系中心线状态应通过对弯曲度、同轴度的检查来判断。(77)调速器发生柴油机转速振荡与游车现象不同的是松手后仍恢复原有节奏转速波动。

(78)修理单的分类有甲板工程、轮机工程、坞修工程、电气工程。(79)船员自修的优越性最主要的是船员掌握该设备的技术状况。(80)船舶坞修时，安装尾轴和螺旋桨轮机长应在现场进行监督。(81)主要坞修工程应申请验船师：①现场检验；②签证检验报告。(82)1SM规则中的主管机关是指船旗国政府，在我国是中华人民共和国海事局。

(83)排放含油污水的国际标准接头管子的直径和应承受的压力分别为125mm/0.6Mpa。

(84)人员下舱，在舱口附近探测得到的可燃气体浓度应低于爆炸下限5%。

(85)当机舱发生火灾需用大型C02施救时，轮机长应做的工作是：①指挥关停各运转设备，封闭机舱门窗，通风口，放掉存压设备的压力；②通知并确信全部人员已经离开机舱后，通知船长施放C02灭火。

(86)海事执法部门对违法船舶处以750至10000元罚款，对违法人员处以20至1000元罚款，因为船方：①拒绝安全检查；②阻挠安全检查；③弄虚作假欺骗检查人员。

(87)各负50%责任的碰撞是不能确定各过失船的过失程度的碰撞。(88)依法解决劳动争议的原则，应当根据：①合法；②公证；③及时。

(89)根据我国《海商法》规定，中国籍船与外国籍船在公海上碰撞，并在我国法院处理损害赔偿时，法院所适用的法律是法院地法律。

(90)中国海商法规定的有关共同海损分摊请求权的诉讼时效起算时间为共同海损理算结束之日。

(91)IS09002标准和ISM主要区别：①IS09002的实施是企业的自愿行为；②ISM的实施则是强制性要求。

(92)税后年利润等于船舶年运费收入扣除：①年总成本；②税金。

第五篇：大副面试英语

中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列 大副面试问题及参考答案

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大副面试问题及参考答案

大副是甲板上仅次于船长的“第二把手”。大副的好坏直接关系到船舶、货物和人身安全。经验表明，船东在面试大副时也是相当严格和认真的。主要集中在货物的配载、装卸货、货物的 保管、货物单据、管理能力、协调能力等方面。而对于特种船来说，对有关货物装卸货的有关规 定等也要熟知。此外，有关ISM/SMS及其他公约、PSC检查以及船东内外审时的提问也是一个 非常重要的部分。

下面整理了一部分面试试题，供参考。我们建议，大副不但要准备下面的一些问题，也应该 看看有关船长及二副和三副的有关问题，这样才能 达到融会贯通的目的。

1.Can you tell me about your educational background and working experience? A reference answer:

I graduated from Jimei Navigation College in 1992.I studied there for three years.I have worked as a seamen on eight ships for nearly ten years.I have the experience of Chief Officer for two ships.I have worked both Chinese and foreign shipowners in the past ten years.2.Can you tell me the responsibilities of the Chief Officer?

Under the leadership of the Master, the Chief Officer shall carry out the daily management of the deck department, and he is also responsible for cargo handling.The specific duties include:

(1)watch-keeping from 0400-0800 hours and 1600-2000 hours;

(2)safety of the ship and work place, safety equipment;

(3)daily safety and sanitary inspection;

(4)store and spare parts inventory management;

(5)maintenance on deck;

(6)stowage plan making;

(7)supervision of the loading and unloading process;

(8)cargo caring on board;

(9)some other work and duties designated by the master of the vessel.3.Can you talk about the previous vessels(last vessel)you worked on board? It was an ocean-going ship, but it mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe.It was an old ship about 14 years old.But the general condition of the ship was quite good because we did very good maintenance work on board.4.What types of cargoes have ever been carried on board your last vessel?

I have worked on bulk carriers and general cargo vessels and I have experienced a lot of cargo handling.这是一个很重要的问题，因为大副的一个很重要职务便是货物管理。大副应该对不同货物的 装卸、配载、保管、单据、保险等相关问题有所了解。

5.Where was your last vessel's trading(plying, sailing)area?

It was an ocean-going ship, but it mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe.She has ever been to New Orleans, Long Beach, New York, Rotterdam, Hamburg and so on.6.Did you have the experience of working with foreign crews? What were their nationalities?

The last two vessels I worked on had crew from several countries.The masters were from Indian, the Chief Engineers were from Hong Kong and Philippine and other seamen were from China, Indian Burma and Vietnam.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

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7.Can you tell me how to make a stowage plan?

Based on the capacity of the hold, the stowage factors, types of cargo, loading and discharging ports rotation, I shall calculate the volume of the cargo that is to be loaded into different holds.Then I shall calculate the draft of the vessel and trimming, shear force, bending moment to meet the requirements of the ship.At last, stowage plan is made based on these factors.8.What does a stowage factor of mean?

A stowage factor of any cargo is the figure that expresses the number of cubic units of measure needed to accommodate one unit of weight-how many cubic meters is needed to stow one metric ton of certain goods.Stowage factors should include allowance for dunnage，irregular size of certain goods, pallets and something else.Even the most carefully determined stowage factor is not absolute and it should be used only as a guide while planning cargo disposition.9.If there happens stevedore damage to cargo, equipment or ship' s structure in the loading or discharging ports, what should you do?

If damage happens, I must record it first and then report it in an appropriate written form to the master and other parties concerned.The report must be signed by the liable parties admitting they have(or have not)responsibility for the damage.The damage report shall be carefully worded and shall be supported with photos and other evidence, if any.The damage report should also include the following contents: ship’s name, voyage number, date, geographical location, name of the person who took the photos and his signature, location where the photo was taken, and what is intended to show.10.What precautions do you have to take before cargo operation is carried out? I shall check the pre-cargo operation check lists to make sure that no item is missing.The following procedures are to be adopted:

(1)the Chief Officer shall make a cargo operation plan, in which the following factors shall be considered: the cargo must be stowed in such way that the stability, trim, shearing forces and bending moments are within the limits as laid down by the stability manual; excessive weight on tank tops, tween decks and hatch covers must be avoided; and cargo must be stowed and secured in such way as to avoid damage-which can result in possible loss of life or property.(2)Pre-operation conference with all ship's personnel to be involved in the cargo operation should be held to discuss such matters as cargo disposition, numbers of gangs and working hours, usual and special safety requirements, ballasting and de-ballasting information, special requirements regarding cargo operation, damage prevention and control, personnel organization, cargo watch etc.The Chief Officer must ensure that all relevant personnel have fully understood the intended cargo and all usual and special safety and operational requirements.11.What will you do if cargo damage is found or suspected before loading or during loading?

I shall report to the master first and foremost.The master should decide whether to replace the damaged cargo.For the full-set machines and high-valued products I must ask for the replacement in the loading port if damages are found.If the damaged cargoes cannot be replaced, the Chief Mate shall make remarks on the Mate’s Receipt.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

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If disputes happen on the quantity and quality of the cargoes, I shall, at the discretion of the master, ask the cargo surveyor to do the survey.If necessary, under the endorsement of the ship owner, I shall write a Letter of Protest(based on the format provided by the company)to prove the innocence of the seamen on board.During the voyage, if a very small amount of cargo is damaged, with the permission of the master, I shall throw it away into the sea to avoid any disputes with any third party.12.What are the differences between the Bill of Lading and the Mate's Receipt? A Tally Sheet is the basis of the Mate’s Receipt.The Mate’s Receipt is the basis of the B/L.The condition of the cargo is clearly shown on the Mate’s Receipt.It is very important to make sure that the cargo condition on the bill of lading is the same as that on the Mate’s Receipt.The Mate’s Receipt is the legal evidence of the cargo received and the B/L is the legal evidence of the cargo ownership.If the consigner wants the master to issue a clean B/L on the basis of unclean Mate’s Receipt, the master firstly must ask for permission from the company.K the company agrees, the consigner must issue reliable Letter of Indemnity or Letter of Guarantee.13.If the draft survey proves a shortage of cargo after loading is completed, what will you do apart from reporting to the Master? Will you make any remarks on the Mate's Receipt?

In this case, I shall report the problem to the master first.With the permission of the master, I shall ask the third party surveyor to do the survey.K the survey shows there is shortage or damage of the cargo, I shall write remarks on the Mate’s Receipt showing the loss or damage or shortage.The third party is to be invited to make the objective report on the real quantity of the volume of the cargo.K the cargo is proved to be in shortage, I shall write remarks on the Mate’s Receipt.14.What do you know about the ISM code and SMS? How many chapters are there in the ISM Code(as amended)? What are these chapters?

The ISM code is the International Safety Management Code.The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment and to property.The 16 chapters of ISM Code are: general, safety and environment protection policy, company responsibilities and authority, designated person(s), master's responsibilities and authority, resources and personnel, development of plans for shipboard operation, emergency preparedness, reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents and hazardous occurrences , maintenance of the ship and equipment, documentation, company verification, review and evaluation, certification and verifications and control, certification and periodical verification, verification, interim certification, and forms of certificates.The last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code.SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS74.The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of Compliance(DOC)and SMC without audited Safety Management Certificate(SMC)by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.Every

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company should develop, implement and maintain a safety management system(SMS).15.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity mean respectively?

Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the non-fulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code.(摘自新ISM Code原文)

以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则 是变化的、开放的国际公约，其内容经过修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管 理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。

16.Have you experienced any on-board internal audit before?

The onboard internal audit is carried out at the discretion of the Designated Person of the owner.When the auditors come on board, the seamen should give full support to them.If observation or non-conformity items are found in the audit, these items should be treated with due diligence and rectified on time.As the Chief Officer, I should be very familiar with the operation and calibration of the gas detector and the loading computer.17.What is Garbage Management Plan?

The MARPOL 73/78 requires that a Garbage Management Plan should be developed in accordance with the IMO guidelines on board almost all ships.The Plan includes the procedures for garbage collection, separation, processing and disposal, as well as the management and requirements of garbage processing equipment, implementation of the Plan and crew responsibilities.All processing work should be recorded in the Garbage Record Book.18.How do you carry out the deck machinery maintenance?

On board the last vessel, I often ordered my Bosun to organize the deck crew to maintain such equipment as windlass, steering engine, derrick, crane, wires, meters and winch.Chipping and greasing are also among their daily routines as per the PMS(Planned Maintenance System).All maintenance plans for the machines in the deck department shall be made by the Chief Officer.19.As the Chief Officer, what precautions do you have to take to prepare for the PSC inspection?

The Chief Officer should arrange for the checks of the following items: LSA.APPLIANCE equipment, garbage disposal records, gangway safety, ballasting system, sanitary condition, especially in the accommodation area, the galley, provisions stores, cargo operation safety and documents.Besides, the Chief Officer should follow the Master's instructions in organizing the emergency drills.20.What precautions do you have to take before entering an enclosed space? I shall nominate the standby personnel and prepare the ventilation, breathing tool, connecting signals, oxygen, air and poisonous gases testing equipment, and other necessary equipment according to the checklist.I shall then get the Master's signature on the checklist.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

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21.What checks do you have make before any hot work is permitted? I must make sure of the following:

There is no gas leakage on cargo deck or pump room area;

The nearby places shall be free of inflammable materials or gases and portable extinguishers are available;

The area where the hot work is done is not piled with solvents of any kind, including diesel oil, kerosene, paint, cleaners and thinners;

Gas testing is also important to make sure no flammable or toxic gas is present at the work site and that the oxygen content is 21% by volume;

Ventilation condition should also be checked before any hot work is done;

The Master's approval must be obtained under all circumstances.While in port, you must also get the port authority approval.22.On board your previous vessels, how often did you conduct a fire-fighting drill? I carried out a fire fighting drill at least once every month.23.What are the Chief Officer's responsibilities with regards to cargo operation? The Chief Officer is in charge of safe handling of all cargo operation.He must submit all cargo plans to the master for approval and discuss any critical stage of cargo operation with the Master.He is responsible for making cargo records, time sheets, port logs and other paperwork related to cargo operation.He must also prepare cargo operation order and get all duty officers to read and understand it.24.What are the Chief Officer's responsibilities with regard to deck maintenance? The Chief Officer should prepare the deck maintenance schedule-both the long-term and short-term onesa promise to carry and deliver the cargo.It constitutes the apparent order, condition, and quantity or weight of goods at the time of shipment.It is also a document of tide(property)of the cargo.A clean B/L is one on which there is not any remark of cargo loss, shortage or damage.An unclean B/L is also called claused B/L, which carries some remarks of cargo damage, quantity shortage and so on.41.What is back dated or anti-dated B/L? What is advanced B/L?

A back dated B/L is a B/L whose issuing date is earlier than the virtual loading completion date.An advanced B/L means a B/L that is signed and issued by the carrier before the completion of loading.Both backdated and advanced B/Ls will bring some dangers and liabilities to the shipowner and charterer.42.What anti-stowaway precautions should you take before the vessel sails from a port?

Before departure from any port, stowaway search has to be carried out.The following spaces shall be searched thoroughly: void space, chain lockers, funnel, and other places where the stowaways can hide themselves.If stowaways are discovered before the ship sails, arrangement has to be made for his immediate disembarkation.Records have to be made in the Ship's Logs and the company should be notified.Necessary steps should be taken to prevent any further re occurrence.43.Who should not be allowed to have the shore leave at the same time?

In view of the jobs on board, the following positions and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and the Chief Officer; the Chief Engineer and First Engineer; the Chief Engineer and Electrician; the Bosun and Pumpman(in tankers); the Chief Cook and Second Cook(or mess boy); The Chief Officer and Pumpman(in tankers).Any crew who wants to have shore leave must check with the department head for permission and return to the vessel on time.44.What is me maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%.Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

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45.What hand of garbage cannot be thrown into incinerator?

The following garbage can not be thrown into the incinerator: • Any containers that once contained gases under pressure, or aerosol cans;

• The materials that may produce harmful gases or ashes;

• The materials that may produce high temperature and prolonged incineration of such materials that may cause damage to the incinerator.46.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Muster Lists did you have on the last vessel?

A Muster List should include the following points:(1)Details of emergency alarm signal;

How ship-abandon order According to the STCW95, the BAG shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAG to be no more than 0.04%.Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.(2)will be given;

(3)Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled;

(4)The boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed in an abandon ship situation;

(5)The specific group to which a person belongs and general duties during various emergencies;

(6)Any additional or specific duties;

(7)Specific assembly point of each group.The Muster Lists must be ready before a ship sails.We had the following Muster lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil pollution prevention station.47.What is heavy weather condition? Under heavy weather conditions, what preparations should you make before sailing?

I think heavy weather means weather conditions of wind force of 8 or above on the Beaufort scale and wave height of greater than 5 meters.During heavy weather conditions, the following preparations should be made:(1)If possible, select a route that can avoid the heavy weather area;

(2)Inform the crew of the predicted heavy weather and issue a warning.Make sure that the warning is known to all crew on board;

(3)Check the hull strength based on stowage calculations, cargo loading and stability documents.Ballast the ship to increase the draught and take action to prevent propeller racing, reduce oscillations and slamming of the ship if the ship is in ballasting condition;

(4)Make sure the following holes are closed: hatches, cargo hold, bosun's store, manhole;

accesses to accommodation spaces and steering gear room; tank air pipes, sounding caps; all water-tight doors and water-tight openings on the ship;

(5)Ensure that measures are taken to prevent movement of cargo and other objects on various parts of the ship;

(6)Ensure that cargo gears such as derricks, cranes and life boat are securely lashed;

(7)Ensure that the conditions of the stowage of anchors and anchor chains are checked;

(8)Keep critical checklists on the bridge for reference.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

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48.Under heavy weather conditions, what preparations should you make before sailing?

If navigating in heavy weather, the following should be paid attention to:

Adopt measures to prevent slamming and pounding of the ship, considering the frequency of encounters with swells and change speed or course if necessary?

a)The watch keeping officer shall change over to parallel operation of the steering gear, if possible;

b)If possible, change the auto pilot to “rough sea mode” or change over to manual mode;

c)Master shall frequently check the weather and sea conditions, observe future changes and judge if there is a problem with the present course and speed;

d)Report the weather to the nearest port authority or the ships in the vicinity on the bad weather and ask them to be careful and warn them;

e)The master shall check the abnormalities whenever possible to make the ship in good condition.49.If the stevedores damage the crane, derrick or any other equipment on board, what should you do?

Firstly, I shall ask the duty officer have a careful supervision when the stevedores are loading and unloading cargo and ask the duty officers to report to me any incident or any damage the workers have done to the vessel equipment.If equipment damages occur, usually, I will see how serious the damage is.If the damage is serious, I shall report to the master immediately.If the damage is not very serious, I shall ask the stevedore company to make repair.At least, I shall ask the stevedores to acknowledge their liabilities.But anyway, I shall not allow the stevedore workers to leave the vessel until the damage is settled properly.50.Before and during dry-docking for the vessel, what should a Chief Officer do? The Chief Officer shall prepare a detailed repair list for the approval of the master and the company; adjust the proper trim as per the dock's requirements and make out a safety procedure before drydocking.The Chief Officer should also make an assignment plan for the deck officers and crew during drydocking.When the repair work is being done, the Chief Officer should have a good supervision on the jobs and ensure safety of the workers and the seamen.51.How do you balance the interests between the ship owner and the charterer? Sometimes, the crew are heavily pressured in the circumstances: the charterer just pushes the master to catch time, but there will be no time for the maintenance and repairs for the vessel.But I know that the charterer is very important to the ship owner, so good relation with the charterer is very important to both the master and the ship owner.船东希望大副既能和租家建立良好的关系，又能维护船东的利益。因为大副挣的是船东的工 资，但船东挣的是客户（租家）的钱。

52.What do you know about BC Code?

The BC code refers to the IMO Bulk Cargo Code.In this code, bulk cargo operation procedures are stated.This is a very important manual and the Chief Officer must study it with care and follow the instructions in the Code at work, especially when he makes the stowage plan.53.How should you deal with the garbage on board the ship?

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中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列 大副面试问题及参考答案

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MARPOL 73/78 provides for detailed regulations on garbage disposal.Usually, any shipping company should have its own Garbage Management Plan in its SMS manuals.Usually, the Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer is the designated person in charge of carrying out the garbage disposal , but all crew on board should follow the garbage management plan.Garbage is disposed in four steps, i.e.collection, separation, processing and disposal.The Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer should make clear records in the Garbage Record Book.The Master has to make sure the Garbage Record Book is available for checks at any time.The garbage can roughly be divided into two types: the biodegradable and persistent garbage.The former refer to those that can be rotten by themselves, such as food paper, and wood; the latter refers to those that can not rotten themselves, such as plastic, mental etc.The persistent garbage can never be thrown into the sea.54.When should a turnover/handover of watch be deferred or postponed?

Usually, under the following situations, the turnover can be deferred or even postponed:(1)If the officer on watch has reason to believe that the relieving officer is obviously not able to carry out his duties effectively;(2)when bridge maneuver is taking place, turnover of watch must be deferred until the action is completed and the ship is in a safe condition for the relief of the watch to take place.55.Under what situations should you as the officer on watch reduce the ship's speed? Can you give some examples?

The OOW should not hesitate to use engine to reduce the speed for safety.Some examples are:(1)when the ship meets restricted visibility;

(2)when the ship is in heavy traffic area;(3)when the ship is in a close quarter situation.56.What actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expected?

The following actions should be taken.(1)Call or notify the master;(2)Stand by engine and sail at safe speed;(3)Switch on the navigational lights;(4)Switch on and sound fog signals;(5)Switch on ARPA and Radar;(6)Shift to manual steering for maneuver;(7)Post additional lockout.57.What precautions should be taken 12 hours before arrival at or departure from any port?

Tests on the following should be made before entering or getting underway:

(1)Primary and secondary steering gear.(2)Internal control communications and control alarm.(3)Standby and emergency generator.(4)Storage batteries for emergency lighting.(5)Main propulsion ahead and astern.58.What should you do in case of steering failure?

When steering failure occurs, I shall immediately inform the engine room to change to the emergency steering gear.In the meantime I shall report to the master.K no further incidents occur, I will get the signals hoisted for a vessel not under command.59.Do you know something about the internal and the external audit?

Internal audit is a systematic check of the management and operation situation of the vessel.The internal audit, as I remember, is carried out at least once a year.The external audit is carried out the Classification of the vessel.The surveyor of the Class usually comes on board the check.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。

中国海员之家网站船员面试资料系列 大副面试问题及参考答案

第 12 页

60.What is safety speed during sailing? What factors should you consider in deciding the speed of a vessel during sailing in the sea?

The safe speed is the speed at which the vessel can take proper and effective actions to be stopped in a safe distance.The following factors should be taken into account to achieve safe speed: visibility, number of ships in the area, the ship s maneuverability, wind force, sea tide and current, background lights, draught and available depth of water, proximity of navigational hazards, standard and operation of technical equipment on board, ice condition and so on.61.When navigating in a crossing situation, as a duty officer, what anti-collision measures should be taken?

When the vessels are proceed on head-on condition, what anti-collision rule should be observed? When a power-driven ship and sailing meet in the sea, what anti-collision rule should be observed?

When two power-driven ships are crossing, the ship which has the other ship on her own starboard side shall keep out of way.To do this, this ship can either alter course to starboard side or slow down her speed in order to avoid collision.When two power-driven ships are meeting head-on situation or near head-on situation, each ship shall alter course to starboard so that they can pass on the port side of each other at a safe distance.When a ship sails at a higher speed overtakes another ship, the ship shall sails at higher speed or shall alter its course to avoid collision.A power-driven ship shall keep out of the way of a sailing ship.This can be done by either altering its course or speed up to avoid collision.“中国海员之家”网站（http://www.xiexiebang.com）搜集整理出品，更多航海资料请到网站免费下载。